WO2022065118A1 - アンテナ装置及び電子回路の保護装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置及び電子回路の保護装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022065118A1 WO2022065118A1 PCT/JP2021/033600 JP2021033600W WO2022065118A1 WO 2022065118 A1 WO2022065118 A1 WO 2022065118A1 JP 2021033600 W JP2021033600 W JP 2021033600W WO 2022065118 A1 WO2022065118 A1 WO 2022065118A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reactance
- antenna
- antenna device
- electronic circuit
- adjusting device
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
- H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna device and an electronic circuit protection device that can be mounted on a mobile body or the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an in-vehicle antenna device in which an attenuation circuit for attenuating a signal in the other frequency band is connected to one of two antenna elements corresponding to two types of frequency bands. There is.
- Patent Document 2 provides an antenna provided with a protection circuit in which one end is grounded between the antenna portion and the electronic circuit (external connection terminal) and the other end is connected to a line connecting the antenna portion and the electronic circuit.
- This protection circuit allows a surge current caused by a surge voltage that momentarily exceeds the steady state to flow to the ground side.
- Such attenuation or protection circuits are typically used in electronic circuits that are used in environments subject to electrical stress due to the generation of unintentional electromagnetic fields, voltages, and currents to relieve electrical stress. It functions as a device.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be said to be extremely useful devices for electronic circuits that are obliged to be used in an environment subject to electrical stress.
- Such devices do not directly contribute to signal transmission from the input side to the output side of the electronic circuit. Therefore, from the viewpoint of signal transmission, an extra load is added, and the reactance of the protective device may become too large depending on the frequency band used by the electronic circuit.
- impedance mismatch or power passage loss increases, and the gain characteristics and VSWR characteristics of the antenna unit as seen from the electronic circuit side deteriorate. There is.
- An example of an object of the present invention is to protect the components of an electronic circuit used in an environment subject to electrical stress in an antenna device from such electrical stress and to mitigate the influence on signal transmission. There is something that can be done. Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the description herein.
- the reactance which is an electrical stress applied to the antenna portion, the substrate to which the antenna portion is connected, the electronic circuit provided on the substrate, and the components of the electronic circuit, is offset in the frequency band used.
- the reactance adjusting device is provided, and the substrate has a substrate input unit that serves as an input interface with the antenna unit, and the reactance adjusting device is provided between the substrate input unit and the electronic circuit. Moreover, it is an antenna device connected to the grounding part.
- a reactance that causes electrical stress applied to the antenna portion, the substrate to which the antenna portion is connected, the electronic circuit provided on the substrate, and the components of the electronic circuit is used in a frequency band.
- the substrate comprises an external connection portion connected to an external electronic device, and the reactance adjusting device is provided between the electronic circuit and the external connection portion. Moreover, it is an antenna device connected to the grounding part.
- Another aspect of the present invention is connected between the electronic circuit and the input side or output side of the electronic circuit and the ground portion, and is added to protect the components of the electronic circuit from electrical stress. It is a protection device for an electronic circuit including an additional device and a reactance adjusting device that cancels the reactance of the additional device in the frequency band used.
- Smith chart showing impedance trajectories in the reactance adjustment device itself and the antenna devices of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- VSWR characteristic diagram in the reactance adjustment device itself and the antenna device of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device The figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device.
- the figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device The figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device.
- the figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device. The figure which shows the specific example of the reactance adjustment device.
- Smith chart showing impedance trajectories in the antenna devices of FIGS. 2 and 9.
- the antenna device VSWR characteristic diagram of FIGS. 2 and 12.
- the graph which shows the passage loss characteristic in the antenna device of FIG. 2 and FIG. The schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the antenna device by 4th Embodiment.
- This antenna device receives a signal of 470 MHz to 720 MHz, which is a DTTB (Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting System) band.
- DTTB Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting System
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic configuration of an antenna device to which the present invention can be applied.
- the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is configured by accommodating an antenna portion 11 and a circuit board 12 in an antenna case described later attached to a vehicle roof or the like.
- the antenna portion 11 is composed of a planar conductor or a linear (including rod-shaped) conductor that resonates in the DTTB band, or a conductor in which these are combined.
- the circuit board 12 is provided with a board input unit A that serves as an input interface to the antenna unit 11 and a circuit input unit B that serves as an input interface for the electronic circuit 14.
- the electronic circuit 14 is mounted with electronic components including active elements such as transistors and diodes.
- the board input unit A and the circuit input unit B are electrically connected by a line 13 such as a conductor pattern. It should be noted that what is arranged between the substrate input unit A and the circuit input unit B is not limited to the conductor pattern. One or a plurality of circuits may be arranged between the board input unit A and the circuit input unit B, and for example, either one or both of the additional device 15 and the reactance pattern 211 described later may be arranged.
- the characteristic impedance when the antenna unit 11 side is viewed from the board input unit A is 50 ⁇ in this example
- the impedance when the electronic circuit 14 side is viewed from the circuit input unit B is also 50 ⁇ in this example.
- the impedance of the line 13 between the board input unit A and the circuit input unit B is also 50 ⁇
- the impedance of the system from the antenna unit 11 to the electronic circuit 14 is matched, and the power (signal) at the time of signal transmission is matched. Level) passage loss is almost nonexistent.
- the electronic circuit 14 is configured to include the above-mentioned plurality of electronic components, and many such electronic components are vulnerable to the above-mentioned electrical stress. Therefore, antennas and electronic circuits for other frequency bands are placed close to each other in the antenna case, or a strong transmitted wave is output from an antenna device mounted on another vehicle traveling in the vicinity, or momentarily. When a surge exceeding the steady state is generated, the electronic circuit 14 is seriously affected even if the electromagnetic wave or voltage has a frequency different from that of the DTTB band. Therefore, in the first embodiment, as in the antenna device 20 shown in FIG. 2, an additional device 15 for relieving electrical stress is provided in front of the electronic circuit 14.
- the additional device 15 is a two-terminal semiconductor diode in this example, one end of which is connected to the line 13 and the other end of which is connected to the grounding portion.
- the additional device 15 has a capacitance (capacitance reactance) which is a capacitance between terminals.
- the capacitance between terminals is about 0.2 pF to 30 pF depending on the type of semiconductor diode, but in the case of this example, it is 7 pF in the DTTB band.
- the DTTB In the band impedance mismatch always occurs between the antenna portion 11 and the electronic circuit 14. That is, the impedance when the electronic circuit 14 side is viewed from the board input unit A becomes capacitive in the DTTB band, and the passing loss of the power transmitted from the board input unit A to the circuit input unit B becomes large. Therefore, the antenna gain is lowered.
- the reactorance adjusting device 16 cancels out the fluctuation of the reactorance due to the presence of the additional device 15 while utilizing the effect of relieving the electrical stress by the additional device 15.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 is an inductive reactance element having an inductance of 10.2 nH in the DTTB band, one end of which is connected to the line 13 and the other end of which is connected to the grounding portion.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 eliminates fluctuations in impedance capacitance when a semiconductor diode is used as the additional device 15.
- the type and form of the inductive reactance element may be arbitrary, but by using a chip inductor, it becomes smaller (thinner) than the coil, and the design size of the circuit board 12 is changed even if it is mounted on the circuit board 12 together with the additional device 15. There is an advantage that it does not have to be done.
- the inductive reactance element may be configured by combining a plurality of conductor patterns instead of the chip inductor.
- the inductance of the reactance adjusting device 16 is set so that the reactance component has a complex conjugate relationship with the capacitance between the terminals of the additional device 15.
- “Complex conjugate” means that the polarities are opposite and the magnitudes are equal. That is, the “complex conjugate relationship” means a relationship in which the reactance of the reactance adjusting device 16 is + jX when the reactance of the additional device 15 is ⁇ jX.
- the capacitive reactance of the additional device 15 is about ⁇ j24.1 ( ⁇ ) at a frequency of 595 MHz, whereas the inductive reactance of the reactance adjusting device 16 is + j24.1 ( ⁇ ).
- the impedance has a complex conjugate relationship.
- the reactance adjustment device 16 is arranged as close as possible to the arrangement position of the additional device 15. As a result, the inductance and capacitance of the line 13 from the additional device 15 to the reactance adjusting device 16 can be suppressed.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 is arranged within a range of 1/10 wavelength of the highest frequency in the DTTB band from the position where the additional device 15 is arranged. Thereby, the influence of the inductance and the capacitance of the line 13 can be further reduced.
- FIG. 4A is a Smith chart showing the reactance adjustment device 16 alone, and the impedance loci of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 30.
- the upper half region of the Smith chart is inductive and the lower half region is capacitive.
- the solid line 401 shows the impedance locus in the antenna device 20
- the alternate long and short dash line 402 shows the impedance locus in the antenna device 30
- the dotted line 403 shows the impedance locus in the reactance adjusting device 16 alone.
- the impedance between the antenna portion 11 and the electronic component 14 is matched, and the passing loss is the smallest.
- the impedance locus 403 of the reactance adjusting device 16 alone is, of course, inductive over the entire DTTB band.
- the impedance locus 401 in the antenna device 20 is capacitive over the entire DTTB band. Further, the impedance locus 401 is substantially symmetrical with respect to the horizontal axis with the impedance locus 403 of the reactance adjusting device 16 alone, and is in the lower half region of the Smith chart.
- the impedance locus 402 in the antenna device 30 passes through the horizontal axis near 1.0 in the center of the Smith chart.
- the antenna device 30 having the reactance adjusting device 16 having a complex conjugate impedance with respect to the capacitance between the terminals of the additional device 15 reduces the passing loss due to the presence of the additional device 15. There is.
- FIG. 4B is a VSWR characteristic diagram of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 30.
- the vertical axis represents VSWR and the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz).
- the solid line 411 represents the VSWR characteristic in the antenna device 20, and the alternate long and short dash line 412 represents the VSWR characteristic in the antenna device 30.
- the VSWR in the antenna device 20 increases almost linearly as the frequency increases, and the minimum value is 2.7 and the maximum value is 4.3.
- the alternate long and short dash line 412 in FIG. 4B the VSWR of the antenna device 30 has a minimum value of 1.0 at a frequency of around 600 MHz and a maximum value of 1.9.
- the antenna device 30 having the reactance adjusting device 16 in which the impedance has a complex conjugate relationship with the capacitance between the terminals of the additional device 15 has a VSWR of less than 2 at all frequencies in the DTTB band.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the passage loss characteristics of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 30.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is 0 dB.
- the solid line 501 represents the passing loss (dB) due to the configuration of the antenna device 20.
- the passing loss is greater than -1 dB over the entire DTTB band.
- the alternate long and short dash line 502 represents the pass loss (dB) of the antenna device 30.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 30 is approximately 0 dB over almost the entire DTTB band, the fluctuation due to frequency is small, and the maximum is within about ⁇ 0.4 dB.
- the degree of impedance mismatch increases as the frequency used increases in the antenna device 20 provided only with the additional device 15.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 cancels the fluctuating reactance. Therefore, it is possible to offset the fluctuation of the impedance caused by the provision of the additional device 15. Therefore, in the antenna device 30, it is possible to effectively suppress an increase in impedance mismatch and power passage loss while maintaining the effect of relieving the electrical stress of the additional device 15.
- the additional device 15 produces a capacitive reactance in the semiconductor diode, that is, the DTTB band.
- the additional device 15 may be a device that inductively changes the impedance from the board input unit A to the circuit input unit B, for example, an inductor.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 can use the capacitive reactance element 61 shown in FIG. 6A.
- the capacitive reactance 61 can be, for example, a semiconductor diode or other capacitive reactance element having the above-mentioned inter-terminal capacitance in the DTTB band.
- the reactorance adjusting device 16 is composed of only the inductive reactorance element 62 shown in FIG. 6B, when the electric power input from the substrate input unit A contains a DC component, the inductive reactorance element 62 is transferred to the line 13. And the grounding part will be short-circuited. Therefore, in applications where there is a possibility that the input power contains a DC component, as shown in FIG. 6C, the DC cut capacitor 63 is connected in series with the inductive reactance element 62 to form an electronic component with the inductive reactance element 62. Short circuits can be prevented while maintaining the additional functions. In this case, the DC cut capacitor 63 may be arranged between the inductive reactance element 62 and the grounding portion, or may be arranged between the inductive reactance element 62 and the line 13.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 various devices or circuits can be used depending on the type of electrical stress.
- the Zener diode 64 shown in FIG. 6D the general semiconductor diode 65 shown in FIG. 6E, the TVS diode 66 shown in FIG. 6F, the varistor 67 shown in FIG. 6G, or an equivalent function thereof. Circuits can be used.
- the Zener diode 64 is an element that outputs a constant voltage even when the current changes, and a general semiconductor diode 65 is used in the forward direction, whereas the Zener diode 64 is used in the reverse direction.
- the TVS diode 66 is an element in which when a high transient voltage is received, the resistance suddenly changes from a high resistance to a low resistance to absorb the transient voltage, and the resulting constant voltage is output.
- the varistor 67 is an element having a current non-linearity, and is an element that guides the surge current to the grounding portion when a surge current exceeding the steady state momentarily flows.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 can be configured by a conductor pattern together with the line.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance pattern 71 may be provided in parallel between the line 131 made of the conductor pattern and the grounding portion 132.
- the width, thickness and length (distance between the line 131 and the grounding portion 132) of the reactance pattern 71 are set to a value at which the impedance has a complex conjugate relationship with respect to the capacitance between the terminals of the additional device 15.
- the shape of the reactance pattern 71 is not limited to a linear shape as shown in the figure, and may be a non-linear shape or a combination of a non-linear pattern and a non-linear pattern.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 30.
- the antenna device 30 has an antenna base 1 and an antenna case 2 made of a radio wave transmitting member that covers the antenna base 1 from above.
- An accommodation space is formed by the antenna base 1 and the antenna case 2, and the accommodation space is hermetically sealed.
- the antenna portion 11 and the circuit board 12 are arranged in this accommodation space.
- the antenna base 1 is provided with a mounting portion 3 for mounting the antenna device 30 on a vehicle roof or the like.
- the circuit board 12 is fixed to a portion corresponding to the mounting portion 3 of the antenna base 1.
- the antenna portion 11 and the substrate input portion A on the circuit board 12 are conductively connected via a feeder F composed of a coaxial cable, a rod-shaped conductor, or a linear conductor.
- the circuit board 12 is arranged in front of the antenna portion 11 (to the left in the figure) from the upper viewpoint (viewpoint from the antenna case 2 to the antenna base 1).
- the configuration example shown in FIG. 8 is common to the antenna device 10 of FIG. 1 and the antenna device 20 of FIG.
- the difference between the antenna device 10 and the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 30 is that the additional device 15 or the reactance adjusting device 16 does not exist in the circuit board 12 of the antenna device 10 and the antenna device 20.
- the arrangement of the circuit board 12 is not limited to the above-mentioned example in which the circuit board 12 is arranged in front of the antenna portion 11 from the above-mentioned upward viewpoint.
- the circuit board 12 may be arranged below the antenna portion 11 from a side viewpoint which is a viewpoint in a direction orthogonal to the upper viewpoint. Further, the circuit board 12 does not need to be arranged directly under the antenna portion 11, and may be arranged at a position where the substrate is not covered by the antenna portion in a top view, for example.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 40 according to the second embodiment, and parts having the same functions as the parts shown in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.
- the antenna device 40 has a reactance adjusting device 16 having the same reactance polarity as the additional device 15 in series between the additional device 15 shown in the antenna device 20 of FIG. 2 and the grounding portion on the circuit board 12. It has an insert-connected configuration.
- the series impedance of the reactance adjusting device 16 should be the same as or larger than the series impedance of the additional device 15. As a result, the impedance between the line 13 and the grounding portion increases and the inflow of electric power is eliminated, so that it is possible to suppress an increase in the passage loss between the board input unit A and the circuit input unit B.
- the additional device 15 is the same semiconductor diode as in the first embodiment, and the capacitance between terminals thereof is 7 pF as in the first embodiment.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 is a chip capacitor in the second embodiment and has a capacitance of 5 pF.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 are connected in series, the increase in the passing loss is suppressed or suppressed while canceling the impedance fluctuation in the line 13 due to the addition of the devices 15 and 16.
- the conditions of the series impedance for reduction will be described.
- the conductor resistance values of the devices 15 and 16 are sufficiently small and can be ignored.
- the series impedance is obtained by the formula
- ⁇ ⁇ (R) 2 + (jX) 2 ⁇ . Since the reactance of the additional device 15 at the time of series connection when the frequency is 595 MHz is ⁇ j38.3 ( ⁇ ) and the conductor resistance value R can be ignored as described above, the impedance of the additional device 15 at the time of series connection is 38. It becomes 0.3 ⁇ . Similarly, the reactance of the reactance adjusting device 165pF is ⁇ j53.6 ⁇ , and the impedance is 53.6 ⁇ . From these results, the impedance value of the reactance adjusting device 16 is higher than that of the additional device 15.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 be placed as close as possible to the position where the additional device 15 is placed. Since the wiring from the additional device 15 to the reactance adjusting device 16 includes inductance and capacitance, the shorter the wiring, the more the influence of inductance and capacitance can be suppressed. According to the simulation, as described above, by arranging the reactance adjusting device 16 within the range of 1/10 wavelength of the upper limit frequency of the DTTB band from the position where the additional device 15 is arranged, the increase in the passing loss increases. It has been found to be suppressed.
- the chip capacitor is used as the reactance adjusting device 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and another device having a capacitance in the DTTB band or a conductor pattern described later may be used.
- FIG. 10A is a Smith chart showing impedance loci in the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 40.
- the solid line 901 represents the impedance locus in the antenna device 20
- the dotted line 902 represents the impedance locus in the antenna device 40.
- FIG. 10B is a VSWR characteristic diagram of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 40.
- the vertical axis represents VSWR
- the horizontal axis represents frequency [MHz]
- the solid line 911 represents VSWR characteristics in the antenna device 20
- the alternate long and short dash line 912 represents VSWR characteristics in the antenna device 40 of the second embodiment.
- the impedance of the antenna device 20 is capacitive in the DTTB band, and its locus 901 is in the lower half region of the Smith chart.
- the impedance of the antenna device 40 is also capacitive in the DTTB band, and its locus 902 is in the lower half region of the Smith chart.
- the impedance locus 902 of the antenna device 40 becomes a position closer to the horizontal axis than the impedance locus 901 of the antenna device 20, and the additional device 15 It is more consistent than just the case.
- the VSWR in the DTTB band of the antenna device 20 increases with the frequency, and the minimum value is 2.7 and the maximum value is 4.3.
- the alternate long and short dash line 912 in FIG. 10B the VSWR of the antenna device 40 increases with frequency, but the minimum value of VSWR is 1.6 and the maximum value is 1.9, which is larger than that of the antenna device 20. VSWR has been significantly improved.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the passage loss characteristics of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 40.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 10 is 0 dB.
- the solid line 1001 represents the passing loss (dB) of the antenna device 20
- the dotted line 1002 represents the passing loss (dB) of the antenna device 40.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 20 is -1dB to -2.1dB in the DTTB band, whereas the passing loss in the antenna device 40 is much smaller than the antenna device 20 in the DTTB band -0.2dB to. It is -0.4 dB. Therefore, the antenna device 40 has a lower passing loss than the antenna device 20.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 50 according to the third embodiment.
- This antenna device 50 is provided with a reactance adjusting device 16a made of an inductive reactance element instead of the reactance adjusting device 16 made of the capacitive reactance element shown in FIG.
- the inductive reactance element in this example, a chip inductor having an inductance of about 47 nH at the center frequency of the DTTB band is used.
- another inductive reactance element having the same inductance in the DTTB band or a conductor pattern described later may be used.
- the series impedance of the reactance adjusting device 16a is set to be the same as or larger than the series impedance of the additional device 15.
- the series impedance of the reactance adjusting device 16a at a frequency of 595 MHz is calculated from the above-mentioned series impedance equation, it is + j175.4 ⁇ , which is higher than the series impedance of the above-mentioned additional device 15 of 38.3 ⁇ .
- FIG. 13A is a Smith chart showing the frequency characteristics of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 50.
- the solid line 1201 represents the impedance locus in the antenna device 20
- the dotted line 1202 represents the impedance locus in the antenna device 50.
- FIG. 13B is a VSWR characteristic diagram of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 50 of the third embodiment.
- the vertical axis represents VSWR
- the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz)
- the solid line 1211 represents the VSWR characteristic in the antenna device 20
- the dotted line 1212 represents the VSWR characteristic in the antenna device 50 of the third embodiment.
- the impedance of the antenna device 20 is capacitive in the DTTB band, and its locus 1201 is in the lower half region of the Smith chart.
- the impedance of the antenna device 50 is inductive in the DTTB band, and its locus 1202 is in the upper half region of the Smith chart and is closer to the horizontal axis than the impedance locus in the antenna device 20. ..
- VSWR in the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 50 increases with frequency, and the minimum value thereof is 2.7 and the maximum value is 4.3, whereas the VSWR in the antenna device 50 increases.
- VSWR decreases with frequency, its maximum value is 1.7 and its minimum value is 1.0.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the passage loss characteristics of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 50.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 10 is 0 dB.
- the solid line 1301 represents the passing loss of the antenna device 20.
- the passing loss is larger than -1 dB, the passing loss becomes larger as the frequency becomes higher, and the maximum passing loss is ⁇ 2.1 dB.
- the dotted line 1302 represents the passing loss of the antenna device 50.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 50 is ⁇ 0.3 dB to ⁇ 0.1 dB in the DTTB band, and the passing loss is reduced.
- one end of the additional device 15 is connected to the line 13 connecting the substrate input portion A and the electronic component, and the other end is connected to one end of the reactance adjusting device 16.
- the other end of 16 is connected to the ground.
- the antenna device 50 of the third embodiment in which one end of the additional device 15 is connected to the line 13 connecting the substrate input unit A and the electronic circuit 14, and the other end is connected to one end of the reactance adjusting device 16a.
- the other end of the reactance adjusting device 16a is connected to the grounding portion.
- the same effect can be obtained by rearranging the order of the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 (or the reactance adjusting device 16a).
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 60 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 is connected to a line 13 connecting the substrate input portion A and the electronic circuit 14, the other end is connected to one end of the additional device 15, and the other end of the additional device 15 is connected. Is connected to the grounding portion, which is different from the embodiments described so far. That is, the positions of the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 are interchanged.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 is a chip capacitor having a capacitance of 5 pF.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 may be a capacitor, an inductor, or a device in which they are arranged in parallel.
- FIG. 16A is a Smith chart showing the impedance loci of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 60.
- the solid line 1501 shows the impedance locus in the antenna device 20
- the alternate long and short dash line 1502 shows the impedance locus in the antenna device 60.
- FIG. 16B is a VSWR characteristic diagram of the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 60.
- the vertical axis represents VSWR
- the horizontal axis represents frequency [MHz]
- the solid line 1511 represents VSWR characteristics in the antenna device 20
- the alternate long and short dash line 1512 represents VSWR characteristics in the antenna device 60.
- the impedance of the antenna device 20 is capacitive in the DTTB band, and its trajectory is in the lower half region of the Smith chart, as shown by the solid line 1501.
- the impedance of the antenna device 60 is also capacitive in the DTTB band, and its trajectory is similar to that of the antenna device 20 in that it is in the lower half region of the Smith chart, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line 1502.
- the reactance adjusting device 16 to the line 13 and connecting it in series to the additional device 15
- the impedance locus 1502 in the antenna device 60 is located closer to the horizontal axis than the antenna device 20.
- the VSWR in the antenna device 20 increases with the frequency, and the minimum value is 2.7 and the maximum value is 4.3.
- the solid line 1512 in FIG. 16B VSWR in the antenna device 60 increases with frequency, but VSWR and its fluctuation are smaller than those in the antenna device 20, the minimum value is 1.6, and the maximum value is 1. It is 9.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the passage loss characteristics in the antenna device 20 and the antenna device 60 of the fourth embodiment.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 10 is 0 dB.
- the solid line 1601 represents the pass loss characteristic of the antenna device 20
- the dotted line 1602 represents the pass loss characteristic of the antenna device 60.
- the passing loss of the antenna device 20 in the DTTB band is -1 to ⁇ 2.1 dB
- the passing loss of the antenna device 60 in the DTTB band is ⁇ 0.2 to ⁇ 0.4 dB.
- the antenna device 60 has a smaller power passage loss than the antenna device 20.
- the passage loss characteristic 1602 in FIG. 17 and the passage loss characteristic 1002 in FIG. 11 are almost the same. From this, it can be seen that the antenna device 60 and the antenna device 40 have the same pass loss characteristics.
- a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the reactance adjusting devices 16 and 16a use the capacitance component and the inductance component due to the chip element and the conductor pattern.
- a diode or other semiconductor element is used as the reactance adjusting device 16b.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 70 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the reactance adjusting device 16b uses a semiconductor element. As shown in the figure, in the antenna device 70, the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16b are connected in series. Even with this configuration, it is possible to provide the function of reducing the passing loss by the reactance adjusting device 16b while utilizing the function of relieving the electrical stress by the additional device 15.
- FIGS. 19A to 19D An alternative configuration example of the reactance adjusting device 16b is shown in FIGS. 19A to 19D.
- FIG. 19A shows a configuration in which a capacitor 181 as a reactance adjusting device 16b is connected in series to the additional device 15.
- FIG. 19B shows a configuration in which an inductor 182 as a reactance adjusting device 16b is connected in series to an additional device 15.
- FIG. 19C shows a configuration in which a diode 183 as a reactance adjusting device 16b is connected in series to the additional device 15.
- FIG. 19D shows a configuration in which a TVS diode 184 as a reactance adjusting device 16b is connected in series to an additional device 15.
- the reactance adjusting device 16b even if it is a filter configuration that passes only the DTTB band or a band blocking filter configuration that blocks the passage of external noise frequencies and high frequency components of static electricity, the DTTB band is similarly used. Passage loss can be suppressed.
- the filter may be composed of electronic components or wiring patterns.
- FIG. 20A and 20B are illustrations of a connection mode of the reactorance adjusting device 16.
- FIG. 20A shows a configuration in which the additional device 15, the capacitor 191 and the inductor 192 are connected in series in this order.
- FIG. 20B shows a configuration in which a parallel circuit of the capacitor 180 and the inductor 192 is connected in series to the additional device 15. With these configurations, the passage loss in the DTTB band can be suppressed.
- the reactance adjusting devices 16, 16a, 16b can be configured by a conductor pattern together with the line, as in the first embodiment.
- the reactance pattern 211 may be used to connect the other end of the additional device 15 whose one end is connected to the line 131 having a conductor pattern and the grounding portion 132.
- the width, thickness, and length of the reactance pattern 211 are set to values having an impedance equal to or higher than the inter-terminal capacitance of the additional device 15.
- the polarity of the reactance pattern 211 with respect to the additional device 15 is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the reactance pattern 211 is not limited to a linear shape as shown in the figure, and may be a non-linear shape or a combination of a non-linear pattern and a non-linear pattern.
- the system unit supplies a DC voltage for driving the antenna to the antenna unit 11 via the circuit board 12, and receives a DTTB band signal (RF signal) from the circuit board 12.
- the DC voltage for driving the antenna is supplied from the vehicle battery, so that the DC voltage may fluctuate depending on the engine ON / OFF and the vehicle driving state. This fluctuation in DC voltage causes electrical stress on the circuit board 12, particularly the electronic circuit 14.
- an additional device 15 for relieving such electrical stress and a reactance adjusting device 16 paired with the additional device 15 are arranged.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 80 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 are arranged in parallel on the output side of the circuit board 12, that is, between the circuit output unit C and the board output unit D. Since the board output unit D is also a part connected to an external electronic device such as a system unit, the board output unit D can be said to be an external connection unit D that serves as an interface with the external electronic device.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 are connected in parallel. That is, one end of the additional device 15 is connected to the line 17 connecting the circuit output unit C and the board output unit D, and the other end of the additional device 15 is grounded. One end of the reactance adjusting device 16 is also connected to the line 17, and the other end of the reactance adjusting device 16 is grounded.
- the above-mentioned system unit 18 is connected to the board output unit D.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 90 which is a modification of the sixth embodiment.
- the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 are connected in series in this order, and the other end of the reactance adjusting device 16 is grounded.
- Other configurations are the same as in FIG. Even in the configurations of these antenna devices 80 and 90, the same effect as those of the antenna devices 30 and 40 can be obtained. That is, the antenna devices 80 and 90 can suppress the increase in the passing loss while maintaining the effect of relieving the electrical stress by the additional device 15.
- FIG. 24A is an example in which a Zener diode 2201 as an additional device 15 and a TVS (transient voltage suppression) diode 2202 as a reactance adjusting device 16 are connected in series.
- a Zener diode 2201 as an additional device 15
- a TVS (transient voltage suppression) diode 2202 as a reactance adjusting device 16 are connected in series.
- the Zener diode 2201 operates when the DC voltage from the system unit 18 exceeds the maximum rated voltage of the electronic component of the circuit board 12.
- the Zener diode 2201 generally has a capacitance between terminals of about several tens of pF to several hundreds of pF. Therefore, if the Zener diode 2201 is used only as the additional device 15 in the DTTB band, the level of the signal (RF signal) output from the circuit board 12 to the system unit 18 is significantly attenuated. Therefore, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 24A, the TVS diode 2202 is connected in series to the Zener diode 2201 as the reactance adjusting device 16.
- the inter-terminal capacitance of the Zener diode 2201 is 275 pF, and the inter-terminal capacitance of the TVS diode 2202 is 0.35 pF.
- the capacitance between the terminals when the Zener diode 2201 and the TVS diode 2202 are connected in series is as small as 0.35 pF, and the attenuation of the RF signal can be suppressed.
- FIG. 24A shows a form in which a Zener diode 2201 and a TVS diode 2202 are connected in series.
- the operating voltage of the protection element rises by connecting the Zener diode and the TVS diode in series.
- FIG. 24B shows an example in which the operating voltage of the protection element is increased by arranging two TVS diodes in series as another embodiment.
- the operating voltage of the protective element is increased, there is an advantage that a malfunction due to a supplied DC voltage, ripple, or the like can be prevented.
- FIG. 24C is an example in which the Zener diode 2201 and the TVS diode 2202 in the example of FIG. 24A are packaged in one container P10.
- the container P10 is provided with an input terminal P11 and an output terminal P12, one end of the Zener diode 2201 is connected to the input terminal P11, and the other end is connected to one end of the TVS diode 2202.
- the other end of the TVS diode 2202 is connected to the output terminal P12.
- Zener diode 2201 and the TVS diode 2202 are packaged in one container P10 in this way, the manufacturing process can be simplified as compared with the case where these are separately incorporated in the antenna device 90. It also facilitates replacement.
- this packaged product can be manufactured as an independent protective device. In this case, it can be used not only in the antenna device 90 but also in other electronic devices, and the application situations of the present invention can be further increased.
- the configuration for packaging in one container P10 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 24A, and the example shown in FIG. 24B and the additional device 15 and the reactance adjusting device 16 described so far can be similarly adopted.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the passage loss characteristics in the antenna device 90.
- the passing loss is a passing loss from the board output unit D to the circuit output unit C on the circuit board 12 in the DTTB band.
- the passing loss in the antenna device 10 is 0 dB.
- the solid line 2301 represents the passing loss in the configuration example in which only the Zener diode 2201 is inserted as the additional device 15 in the antenna device 90, and the maximum loss is ⁇ 29.9 dB.
- the dotted line 2302 represents the passing loss in the configuration example in which the Zener diode 2201 and the TVS diode 2202 are connected in series in the antenna device 90, and the maximum passing loss is 0 dB. From this result, it can be seen that the passing loss is greatly suppressed by connecting the Zener diode 2201 and the TVS diode 2202 in series.
- the frequency band used is the DTTB band, but the frequency band in which the reactance component of the additional device 15 becomes so large that it cannot be ignored, that is, the reactance component of the additional device 15 is the electronic circuit 14.
- the present invention can be applied not only to the DTTB band but also to other high frequency bands such as microwave bands or higher frequency bands as long as they affect the operation. Alternatively, it can be applied to the FM wave band below the microwave band.
- an example of an embodiment when applied to the FM wave band will be described.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 100 of the seventh embodiment.
- the FM circuit 2430 and the DTTB circuit 2440 are provided on one circuit board 2412.
- the antenna unit 11 is connected to the circuit board 2412 through the substrate input unit A, and is branched and input to the FM circuit 2430 and the DTTB circuit 2440.
- the line is further branched, one of which is connected to the circuit input unit B on the input side of the electronic circuit 2414a, and the other is connected to the reactance adjusting device 2416.
- the DTTB circuit 2440 it is connected to the electronic component 2414b via the filter 2420.
- the impedance on the DTTB circuit 2440 side gives electrical stress to the FM circuit 2430. That is, the DTTB circuit impedance is a variable element of the impedance on the input side of the FM circuit 2430.
- one end of the reactance adjusting device 2416 having a complex conjugate relationship with the DTTB circuit impedance added in parallel is connected to the input side of the electronic circuit 2414a of the FM circuit 2430, and the other end is connected to the input side. Connected to the ground.
- the reactance adjusting device 2416 itself cancels the electrical stress applied to the electronic circuit 2414a of the FM circuit 2430, and at the same time, the impedance fluctuation on the input side of the FM circuit 2430 due to the DTTB circuit impedance is changed. It works to suppress the influence. Therefore, the same effect as that of the first to sixth embodiments can be obtained.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the antenna device 110 according to the eighth embodiment, and the same elements as those in FIG. 26 are designated by the same reference numerals.
- a system unit 2518 (the same unit as the system unit 18 described above) is connected to the board output unit D.
- the system unit 2518 supplies a DC voltage for driving the antenna to the antenna unit 11 (not shown) via the circuit board 2512, and also supplies a DTTB band signal (RF signal) and an FM wave band signal (FM) from the circuit board 2512.
- RF signal DTTB band signal
- FM FM wave band signal
- the DC voltage for driving the antenna of the antenna device 110 is supplied from the vehicle battery, the DC voltage may fluctuate depending on the engine ON / OFF and the vehicle driving state. This fluctuation in the DC voltage causes electrical stress on the respective components of the DTTB circuit 2440 and the FM circuit 2530 of the circuit board 2512.
- one end of the reactance adjustment device 2416 is connected to the line between the circuit output unit C on the output side of the electronic circuit 2414a of the FM circuit 2530 and the board output unit D, and the reactance adjustment device 2416 and the like. The end was connected to the ground.
- the reactance adjusting device 2416 itself eliminates the electrical stress applied to the electronic circuit 2414a of the FM circuit 2530, and at the same time, the FM circuit 2530 by the DTTB circuit 2440 (DTTB circuit impedance). It operates so as to suppress the influence of impedance fluctuation on the output side. Therefore, the same effect as that of the seventh embodiment can be obtained.
- the present invention is connected between an electronic circuit and an input side or output side of the electronic circuit and a grounded portion, and adds electrical stress to the components of the electronic circuit. It can also be implemented as a protection device for an electronic circuit including an additional device to be used and a reactance adjusting device for canceling the reactance of the additional device in the frequency band used. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 22B, a package of an additional device and a reactance adjusting device can be implemented as a protective device for an electronic circuit.
- a reactance adjusting device that cancels the reactance that causes electrical stress applied to the antenna portion, the substrate to which the antenna portion is connected, the electronic circuit provided on the substrate, and the components of the electronic circuit in the frequency band used.
- the board has a board input section that serves as an input interface with the antenna section, and the reactance adjusting device is provided between the board input section and the electronic circuit, and has a grounding section.
- the connected antenna device The reactance that causes electrical stress is, for example, the reactance of an additional device that is connected between the substrate input portion and the grounding portion and that eliminates the electrical stress applied to the components of the electronic circuit.
- the board has a board input section that serves as an input interface with the antenna section and a circuit input section that serves as an input interface for the electronic circuit, and the reactorance adjusting device comprises the board input section and the electronic circuit. It can also be configured to be provided between them. According to this configuration, an increase in the passing loss of the signal (electric power) from the antenna portion to the electronic circuit can be suppressed.
- a reactance adjusting device that cancels the reactance that causes electrical stress applied to the antenna unit, the substrate to which the antenna unit is connected, the electronic circuit provided on the substrate, and the components of the electronic circuit in the frequency band used.
- the substrate has an external connection portion connected to an external electronic device, and the reactance adjusting device is provided between the electronic circuit and the external connection portion, and is connected to a grounding portion.
- Antenna device is, for example, the reactance of an additional device that is connected between the circuit output section and the grounding section and that eliminates the electrical stress applied to the components of the electronic circuit.
- the reactance adjusting device cancels the reactance that causes electrical stress, so that the increase in the passing loss of the signal (electric power) from the external electronic device to the electronic circuit can be suppressed while eliminating the electrical stress.
- the substrate has a circuit output unit on the output side of the electronic circuit and an external connection unit connected to an external electronic device, and the reactance adjusting device is located between the circuit output unit and the external connection unit. It can also be configured to be provided in the ground and connected to the grounding portion. According to this configuration, an increase in the passing loss of the signal (electric power) from the external electronic device to the circuit output portion of the electronic circuit can be suppressed.
- An antenna device in which the additional device and the reactance adjusting device are packaged in one container. According to this configuration, the manufacturing process can be simplified as compared with the case where each device is incorporated into the antenna device separately. It also facilitates replacement.
- the frequency band used is an antenna device that is a high frequency band in which the reactance component of the additional device affects the operation of the electronic circuit, for example, a frequency band higher than the microwave band. According to this configuration, the influence (increase) of the reactance of the additional device can be more significantly eliminated.
- An additional device connected between the electronic circuit, the input side or the output side of the electronic circuit, and the ground portion, and added to protect the components of the electronic circuit from electrical stress, and the operating frequency.
- a protective device for an electronic circuit comprising a reactance adjusting device that cancels the reactance of the additional device in a band. According to this configuration, the application scene of the present invention can be expanded.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
このような減衰回路や保護回路は、通常、意図的でない電磁界、電圧、電流の発生に起因する電気的ストレスを受け得る環境で使用される電子回路において、電気的ストレスを解消するための保護デバイスとして機能するものである。
しかし、そのようなデバイスは、電子回路の入力側から出力側への信号伝達に直接的に寄与するものではない。そのため、信号伝達の観点からは、余分な負荷が付加されることになり、電子回路の使用周波数帯によっては保護デバイスのリアクタンスが無視できないほど大きくなる場合がある。特に、アンテナ部と電子回路との間に保護デバイスが付加される場合、インピーダンス不整合あるいは電力の通過損失が大きくなり、電子回路側からみたアンテナ部の利得特性やVSWR特性が低下してしまうことがある。
まず、本発明が適用され得るアンテナ装置の基本構成例を図1に示す。図1に示すアンテナ装置10は、車両ルーフなどに取り付けられる後述のアンテナケースに、アンテナ部11と回路基板12とを収容して構成される。アンテナ部11は、DTTB帯で共振する面状導体又は線状(棒状を含む)導体あるいはこれらを組み合わせた導体で構成される。回路基板12には、アンテナ部11との入力インタフェースとなる基板入力部Aと、電子回路14の入力インタフェースとなる回路入力部Bとが設けられている。電子回路14は、トランジスタやダイオードなどの能動素子を含む電子部品が実装されている。基板入力部Aと回路入力部Bとの間は、導体パターンなどの線路13で電気的に接続される。
なお、基板入力部Aと回路入力部Bとの間に配置されるのは導体パターンに限定されるわけではない。基板入力部Aと回路入力部Bとの間に何らかの回路を1つあるいは複数配置してもよく、例えば、後述する付加デバイス15あるいはリアクタンスパターン211のいずれか一方または両方を配置してもよい。
付加デバイス15は、端子間容量であるキャパシタンス(容量性リアクタンス)を有する。端子間容量は、半導体ダイオードの種類によって0.2pF~30pF程度であるが、本例の場合、DTTB帯で、7pFとなる。このような付加デバイス15を線路13にシャント接続すると、電子回路14の構成部品に与える電気的ストレスは解消するものの、信号伝達の機能には必要のない部品が付加されることになるため、DTTB帯では、アンテナ部11と電子回路14との間でインピーダンス不整合が必ず生じる。すなわち、基板入力部Aから電子回路14側を見たときのインピーダンスがDTTB帯で容量性となり、基板入力部Aから回路入力部Bまでに伝達される電力の通過損失が大きくなる。そのため、アンテナ利得が低下してしまう。
誘導性リアクタンス素子の種類及び形態は任意でよいが、チップインダクタを用いることにより、コイルよりも小型(薄型)となり、付加デバイス15と共に回路基板12に実装しても回路基板12の設計サイズを変更させずに済む利点がある。
なお、チップインダクタに代えて複数の導体パターンの組み合わせによって誘導性リアクタンス素子を構成してもよい。
すなわち、「複素共役の関係」とは、付加デバイス15のリアクタンスが-jXの場合、リアクタンス調整デバイス16のリアクタンスが+jXとなる関係をいう。これにより、DTTB帯における付加デバイス15の容量性リアクタンスがリアクタンス調整デバイス16の誘導性リアクタンスにより相殺され、基板入力部Aと回路入力部Bとの間のインピーダンスが50Ωとなる。具体的に数値例で示すと、595MHzの周波数において付加デバイス15の容量性リアクタンスが約-j24.1(Ω)であるのに対し、リアクタンス調整デバイス16の誘導性リアクタンスが+j24.1(Ω)であり、インピーダンスが複素共役の関係になる。
このように、付加デバイス15の端子間容量に対してインピーダンスが複素共役の関係を持つリアクタンス調整デバイス16を有するアンテナ装置30は、付加デバイス15の存在に起因する通過損失を低減させるものとなっている。
このように、付加デバイス15の端子間容量に対してインピーダンスが複素共役の関係となるリアクタンス調整デバイス16を有するアンテナ装置30は、DTTB帯のすべての周波数においてVSWRが2未満となる。
第1実施形態では、付加デバイス15が半導体ダイオード、すなわちDTTB帯で容量性のリアクタンスを生じることを前提として説明した。しかし、付加デバイス15は、基板入力部Aから回路入力部Bまでのインピーダンスを誘導性に変動させるデバイス、例えばインダクタである場合がある。この場合、リアクタンス調整デバイス16は、図6Aに示す容量性リアクタンス素子61を用いることができる。この容量性リアクタンス61は、例えばDTTB帯において上記の端子間容量を有することになる半導体ダイオードその他の容量性リアクタンス素子とすることができる。この容量性リアクタンス素子61を付加デバイス15と並列に配置することにより、基板入力部Aから回路入力部Bへの電力の通過損失の増加を抑えることができる。
ツェナーダイオード64は、電流が変化しても一定電圧を出力する素子であり、一般的な半導体ダイオード65が順方向で使用されるのに対し、ツェナーダイオード64は、逆方向で使用される。TVSダイオード66は、高い過渡電圧を受けたときに抵抗が高抵抗から低抵抗に急激に変化して過渡電圧を吸収し、これにより低くなった一定電圧を出力する素子である。バリスタ67は、電流非直線性を持つ素子であり、瞬間的に定常状態を超えたサージ電流が流れたときに、そのサージ電流を接地部へ導く素子である。
次に、アンテナ装置30における各部品の配置構造について説明する。図8は、アンテナ装置30の構成例を示す模式図である。アンテナ装置30は、アンテナベース1と、アンテナベース1を上方から覆う、電波透過性部材からなるアンテナケース2とを有している。アンテナベース1及びアンテナケース2により、収容空間が形成され、収容空間は水密に封止されている。上記のアンテナ部11及び回路基板12はこの収容空間内に配置されている。アンテナベース1には、アンテナ装置30を車両ルーフ等へ取り付けるための取り付け部3が設けられている。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。図9は、第2実施形態によるアンテナ装置40の構成例を示す模式図であり、第1実施形態において示した部品と同じ機能の部品については、同一符号を付してある。アンテナ装置40は、回路基板12において、図2のアンテナ装置20に示されている付加デバイス15と接地部との間に、付加デバイス15とリアクタンスの極性が同じになるリアクタンス調整デバイス16を直列に挿入接続した構成を有する。
本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。図12は、第3実施形態によるアンテナ装置50の構成例を示す模式図である。このアンテナ装置50は、図9に示した容量性リアクタンス素子から成るリアクタンス調整デバイス16に代えて、誘導性リアクタンス素子から成るリアクタンス調整デバイス16aを設けたものである。
誘導性リアクタンス素子は、本例では、DTTB帯の中心周波数においてインダクタンスが約47nHとなるチップインダクタを用いる。ただし、DTTB帯において同様のインダクタンスとなる他の誘導性リアクタンス素子あるいは後述の導体パターンを用いてもよい。
本発明の第4実施形態について説明する。図15は、第4実施形態によるアンテナ装置60の構成例を示す模式図である。このアンテナ装置60は、リアクタンス調整デバイス16の一端が基板入力部Aと電子回路14間とを接続する線路13に接続され、他端が付加デバイス15の一端に接続され、付加デバイス15の他端が接地部に接続されている点が、これまで説明した実施形態と異なる。
つまり、付加デバイス15とリアクタンス調整デバイス16との位置を入れ替えて配置されている。リアクタンス調整デバイス16は、アンテナ装置40と同様、容量5pFのチップコンデンサである。アンテナ装置60においても、リアクタンス調整デバイス16は、コンデンサ、インダクタ、あるいはそれらを並列に配置したものでもよい。
本発明の第5実施形態について説明する。これまでの説明では、リアクタンス調整デバイス16、16aとしてチップ素子や導体パターンによるキャパシタンス成分、インダクタンス成分を用いるものとして説明した。第5実施形態では、ダイオードその他の半導体素子をリアクタンス調整デバイス16bとして用いた場合の例を説明する。
第1~第5実施形態では、回路基板12の入力側、つまり、基板入力部Aと回路入力部Bとの間に付加デバイス15及びリアクタンス調整デバイス16を配置する例を説明した。これは、付加デバイス15が、主としてアンテナ部11を通じて入力される電力に起因する電気的ストレスから電子回路14の電子部品を保護する必要があったためである。
しかしながら、電気的ストレスは、電子回路14の出力側においても生じる場合がある。すなわち、車載用のアンテナ装置では、電子回路14の出力側に外部電子機器、例えばシステムユニットが接続されることがある。
システムユニットは、アンテナ駆動用のDC電圧を回路基板12を介してアンテナ部11に供給するとともに、回路基板12からDTTB帯の信号(RF信号)を受領する。車載用のアンテナ装置では、アンテナ駆動用DC電圧は車両バッテリーより供給されているので、エンジンON/OFFや車両駆動状態により、DC電圧が変動する場合がある。このDC電圧の変動が、回路基板12、特に電子回路14に対する電気的ストレスとなる。第6実施形態では、このような電気的ストレスを解消するための付加デバイス15と、この付加デバイス15と対になるリアクタンス調整デバイス16とを配置した場合の例を説明する。
これらのアンテナ装置80,90の構成においても、アンテナ装置30,40と同様の効果を奏することができる。つまり、アンテナ装置80,90は、付加デバイス15による電気的ストレスの解消作用を維持しつつ、通過損失の増加が抑えられる。
本発明の第7実施形態について説明する。ここでは、アンテナ装置に、DTTB帯用の電子回路のほかに、FM波帯用の電子回路が付加された場合の例を説明する。図26は、第7実施形態のアンテナ装置100の構成例を示す模式図である。このアンテナ装置100では、FM回路2430とDTTB回路2440とが、一つの回路基板2412に設けられている。図中、アンテナ部11は、基板入力部Aを通じて回路基板2412に接続され、FM回路2430とDTTB回路2440とに分岐入力されている。
このような構成にすることで、リアクタンス調整デバイス2416が、それ自体で、FM回路2430の電子回路2414aに加わる電気的ストレスを相殺するとともに、DTTB回路インピーダンスによるFM回路2430の入力側におけるインピーダンス変動の影響を抑えるように動作する。そのため、第1~第6実施形態と同様の効果を奏することができる。
本発明の第8実施形態について説明する。ここでは、第7実施形態で説明したリアクタンス調整デバイス2416をFM回路2430の出力側に配置した例を説明する。図27は、第8実施形態によるアンテナ装置110の構成例を示す模式図であり、図26と同じ要素については同一符号を付してある。
このアンテナ装置110では、基板出力部Dにシステムユニット2518(上述したシステムユニット18と同じユニット)が接続されている。システムユニット2518は、アンテナ駆動用のDC電圧を回路基板2512を介してアンテナ部11(不図示)に供給するとともに、回路基板2512からDTTB帯の信号(RF信号)とFM波帯の信号(FM信号)とを受領する。アンテナ装置110のアンテナ駆動用DC電圧は車両バッテリーより供給されているので、エンジンON/OFFや車両駆動状態により、DC電圧が変動する場合がある。このDC電圧の変動が、回路基板2512のDTTB回路2440とFM回路2530のそれぞれの構成部品に対する電気的ストレスとなる。
このような構成のアンテナ装置110では、リアクタンス調整デバイス2416が、それ自体で、FM回路2530の電子回路2414aに加わる電気的ストレスを解消するとともに、DTTB回路2440(DTTB回路インピーダンス)によるFM回路2530の出力側におけるインピーダンス変動の影響を抑えるように動作する。そのため、第7実施形態と同様の効果を奏することができる。
本発明は、アンテナ装置30等としての実施形態のほか、電子回路と、前記電子回路の入力側又は出力側と接地部との間に接続され、前記電子回路の構成部品を電気的ストレスを付加する付加デバイスと、使用周波数帯において付加デバイスのリアクタンスを相殺させるリアクタンス調整デバイスと、を備えて成る電子回路の保護装置としての実施も可能である。
あるいは、図22Bに示したように、付加デバイスとリアクタンス調整デバイスをパッケージ化したものを電子回路の保護装置として実施することも可能である。
以上の各実施形態の説明より、例えば下記の構成及びそれによる作用効果が導出される。
(1)アンテナ部と、前記アンテナ部が接続される基板と、前記基板に設けられる電子回路と、前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスを使用周波数帯において相殺させるリアクタンス調整デバイスと、を備え、前記基板は、前記アンテナ部との入力インタフェースとなる基板入力部を有し、前記リアクタンス調整デバイスは、前記基板入力部と前記電子回路との間に設けられ、かつ接地部と接続されているアンテナ装置。
前記電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスは、例えば、前記基板入力部と前記接地部との間に接続される、前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスを解消する付加デバイスのリアクタンスである。
この構成によれば、電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスをリアクタンス調整デバイスが相殺するので、電気的ストレスを解消しつつ、アンテナ部から電子回路に至る信号(電力)の通過損失の増加が抑えられる。
また、前記基板は、前記アンテナ部との入力インタフェースとなる基板入力部及び前記電子回路の入力インタフェースとなる回路入力部を有し、前記リアクタンス調整デバイスは、前記基板入力部と前記電子回路との間に設けられるという構成にすることもできる。この構成によれば、アンテナ部から電子回路に至る信号(電力)の通過損失の増加が抑えられる。
前記電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスは、例えば、前記回路出力部と前記接地部との間に接続される、前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスを解消する付加デバイスのリアクタンスである。
この構成によれば、電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスをリアクタンス調整デバイスが相殺するので、電気的ストレスを解消しつつ、外部電子機器から電子回路に至る信号(電力)の通過損失の増加が抑えられる。
また、前記基板は、前記電子回路の出力側となる回路出力部及び外部電子機器と接続される外部接続部を有し、前記リアクタンス調整デバイスは、前記回路出力部と前記外部接続部との間に設けられ、かつ接地部と接続されるという構成にすることもできる。この構成によれば、外部電子機器から電子回路の回路出力部に至る信号(電力)の通過損失の増加が抑えられる。
Claims (14)
- アンテナ部と、
前記アンテナ部が接続される基板と、
前記基板に設けられる電子回路と、
前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスを使用周波数帯において相殺させるリアクタンス調整デバイスと、を備え、
前記基板は、前記アンテナ部との入力インタフェースとなる基板入力部を有し、
前記リアクタンス調整デバイスは、前記基板入力部と前記電子回路との間に設けられ、かつ接地部と接続されている、
アンテナ装置。 - アンテナ部と、
前記アンテナ部が接続される基板と、
前記基板に設けられる電子回路と、
前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスを使用周波数帯において相殺させるリアクタンス調整デバイスと、を備え、
前記基板は、外部電子機器と接続される外部接続部を有し、
前記リアクタンス調整デバイスは、前記電子回路と前記外部接続部との間に設けられ、かつ接地部と接続される、
アンテナ装置。 - 前記電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスは、前記基板入力部と前記接地部との間に接続される、前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスを解消する付加デバイスのリアクタンスである、
請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記電気的ストレスとなるリアクタンスは、前記電子回路と前記接地部との間に接続される、前記電子回路の構成部品に加わる電気的ストレスを解消する付加デバイスのリアクタンスである、
請求項2に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記リアクタンス調整デバイスのインピーダンスが、使用周波数帯で前記付加デバイスのインピーダンスと複素共役の関係となる、
請求項3又は4に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記付加デバイスと前記リアクタンス調整デバイスとが並列接続されている、
請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記付加デバイスと前記リアクタンス調整デバイスとが、使用周波数の波長の1/10以内の間隔で配置される、
請求項6に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記リアクタンス調整デバイスが前記付加デバイスに対して直列接続されている、
請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記付加デバイスがツェナーダイオードであり、前記リアクタンス調整デバイスがTVSダイオードである、
請求項8に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記付加デバイスと前記リアクタンス調整デバイスとが一つの容器にパッケージ化されている、
請求項3から9のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記使用周波数帯は、前記電気的ストレスのリアクタンスが前記電子回路の動作に影響を与える高周波帯である、
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記高周波帯がマイクロ波帯以上の周波数帯である、
請求項11に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記電子回路は能動素子を含む、
請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 電子回路と、
前記電子回路の入力側又は出力側と接地部との間に接続され、前記電子回路の構成部品を電気的ストレスから保護するために付加される付加デバイスと、
使用周波数帯において前記付加デバイスのリアクタンスを相殺させるリアクタンス調整デバイスと、
を備えて成る電子回路の保護装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180065624.XA CN116195129A (zh) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-09-13 | 天线装置以及电子电路的保护装置 |
US18/027,960 US20230335921A1 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-09-13 | Antenna device and electronic circuit protection device |
EP21872248.6A EP4220972A1 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-09-13 | Antenna device and electronic circuit protective device |
JP2022551896A JPWO2022065118A1 (ja) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-09-13 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020162754 | 2020-09-28 | ||
JP2020-162754 | 2020-09-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022065118A1 true WO2022065118A1 (ja) | 2022-03-31 |
Family
ID=80845401
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2021/033600 WO2022065118A1 (ja) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-09-13 | アンテナ装置及び電子回路の保護装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230335921A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP4220972A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2022065118A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN116195129A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022065118A1 (ja) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63180224A (ja) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-07-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 無線機のアンテナ回路 |
JPS63314027A (ja) * | 1987-06-17 | 1988-12-22 | Nec Corp | アンテナの帯域補正回路 |
JP2004072587A (ja) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高周波デバイス |
JP2008109189A (ja) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | アンテナ回路 |
JP2019125861A (ja) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-25 | 株式会社ヨコオ | 車載用アンテナ装置 |
JP2020136880A (ja) | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-31 | 原田工業株式会社 | 車載アンテナ装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-13 JP JP2022551896A patent/JPWO2022065118A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-09-13 CN CN202180065624.XA patent/CN116195129A/zh active Pending
- 2021-09-13 EP EP21872248.6A patent/EP4220972A1/en active Pending
- 2021-09-13 WO PCT/JP2021/033600 patent/WO2022065118A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-09-13 US US18/027,960 patent/US20230335921A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63180224A (ja) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-07-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 無線機のアンテナ回路 |
JPS63314027A (ja) * | 1987-06-17 | 1988-12-22 | Nec Corp | アンテナの帯域補正回路 |
JP2004072587A (ja) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高周波デバイス |
JP2008109189A (ja) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | アンテナ回路 |
JP2019125861A (ja) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-25 | 株式会社ヨコオ | 車載用アンテナ装置 |
JP2020136880A (ja) | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-31 | 原田工業株式会社 | 車載アンテナ装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2022065118A1 (ja) | 2022-03-31 |
CN116195129A (zh) | 2023-05-30 |
US20230335921A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
EP4220972A1 (en) | 2023-08-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8994475B2 (en) | Vehicle-mounted noise filter | |
US8183956B2 (en) | Diplexer circuit, high-frequency circuit and high-frequency module | |
CN101662267B (zh) | 分路滤波器、半导体集成电路器件和通信移动终端 | |
WO2010137492A1 (ja) | 車載用ノイズフィルタ | |
US9270236B2 (en) | Power amplifier | |
WO2005101670A2 (en) | Apparatus, methods and articles of manufacture for output impedance matching using multi-band signal processing | |
US10886730B2 (en) | Filter having an ESD protection device | |
US9461619B2 (en) | High-frequency module | |
WO2018179086A1 (ja) | 半導体装置 | |
US7343137B2 (en) | Circuit, switching module comprising the same, and use of said switching module | |
US20100277254A1 (en) | Common-mode filter | |
US7215205B2 (en) | Power amplifier arrangement and method for processing a radiofrequency signal | |
US20240039275A1 (en) | Transient voltage absorbing element and transient voltage absorbing circuit | |
US10862440B2 (en) | High-frequency amplifier | |
WO2022065118A1 (ja) | アンテナ装置及び電子回路の保護装置 | |
CA2885911A1 (en) | Microwave amplifier device | |
US9419582B2 (en) | Filter device and duplexer | |
JP2013229832A (ja) | インピーダンス整合回路 | |
KR20110100001A (ko) | 개선된 고조파 특성을 갖는 고주파 송신 모듈 | |
US20050059371A1 (en) | Circuit arrangement, switching module comprising said circuit arrangement and use of switching module | |
US10637405B2 (en) | Wideband biasing of high power amplifiers | |
US8446324B2 (en) | Antenna device | |
WO2009051930A1 (en) | Radio frequency combiner | |
TWM502971U (zh) | 天線之靜電保護模組 | |
US8193874B2 (en) | High-frequency module |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21872248 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022551896 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2021872248 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021872248 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20230428 |