WO2022061428A1 - Protection device - Google Patents
Protection device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022061428A1 WO2022061428A1 PCT/BR2021/050304 BR2021050304W WO2022061428A1 WO 2022061428 A1 WO2022061428 A1 WO 2022061428A1 BR 2021050304 W BR2021050304 W BR 2021050304W WO 2022061428 A1 WO2022061428 A1 WO 2022061428A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- patient
- filter
- capsule
- cover
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
- A61G10/02—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes with artificial climate; with means to maintain a desired pressure, e.g. for germ-free rooms
Definitions
- the present model refers to a protective provision intended to act as an auxiliary barrier to protect health professionals exposed to risk of contamination in the treatment of infectious diseases. More specifically, the present solution comprises an efficient and low-cost device, intended to create an isolated environment over a hospital bed, or similar, thus partially isolating the patient from the external environment.
- PPE Personal protective equipment
- the surgical mask or respiratory protection mask the goggles or face shield, the long-sleeved waterproof apron, the overalls, the procedure gloves, the hat , among others.
- the use of PPE is mandatory and fundamental for the safe activity of the medical team.
- none of them offers total security to the professional who uses it.
- solutions that promote additional care are essential for health professionals, both for their protection and to prevent transmission in the health environment, especially in contexts such as the current and urgent pandemic.
- Health professionals from various regions of the world have been contaminated by COVI D-19, which was no different from previous SARS and MERS epidemics.
- the Japanese company Airtech has developed some devices to be attached to a hospital bed (see http://www.airtech.co.jp/products/kanseneq/1056/), which comprise a metallic structure that can be attached on the headboard or on the side of a hospital bed, the structure is covered by a transparent plastic cover.
- Such devices are able to isolate the upper portion of the patient while in bed, in addition to allowing visualization and access to said patient, from a window provided on one of the sides of the device.
- the coupling of the metal frame to the bed restricts its maneuverability and mobility.
- the first objective of the present solution is thus a practical device, easily transportable and able to offer great safety to health professionals in relation to a contaminated patient.
- a second objective of the solution is a device that can be easily attached to a hospital bed, a stretcher or any structure similar to one that contains a contaminated patient and that can spread the contamination to the surroundings.
- a further objective of the solution is a simple, light device with a very restricted cost, and easy local assembly.
- a device to protect against the aerial spread of viruses, bacteria and the like, for overlapping a patient in a hospital bed, or similar, comprising:
- a cover of conformation cooperating with the shape of said frame, said cover able to be arranged on the frame in order to define respective lateral, posterior and upper faces of the frame, as well as a curtain projecting from the front face of the frame and intended to partially envelop the patient's body;
- the hood comprising a cylindrical body which receives, in its upper portion, a fan, and in its lower portion at least one filter, of the HME type, antiviral and antibacterial, and each at least one filter being fixed between the base of the cylindrical body and a support plate for fixing the hood to the frame of the device; and further that said support plate and the base of the cylindrical body have respective through holes in which the inlet and outlet openings for the flow of exhaust air from the interior of the device are coupled.
- the device comprises three filters in parallel.
- the coupling of the fan in the upper part of the body is intermediated by a flange, while the coupling between each filter and the base of the cylinder body is made using bushings, and the coupling between each filter and said support plate It is made using bushings.
- the device further comprises patient access zippers arranged on the side faces of the device.
- said zippers Preferably, said zippers have an arched shape.
- the device will comprise opposing handles, one in relation to the other, on upper edges of the device, in order to facilitate the placement and removal of the device.
- the device acts as a safety cover, coated with a transparent vinyl film, which isolates the patient's upper body and provides visibility during assistance to the medical team, which can reduce the feeling of claustrophobia in patients and improve comfort in treatment. .
- the structure allows its movement, can be incorporated into the patient's bed, in addition to access for monitoring, food and medication, without the direct contact of the medical team.
- NIV Non-invasive ventilation
- the device, or capsule, according to the present solution acts as an additional protective barrier to the aerosol produced during the application of NIV in patients with infectious diseases, such as COVI D-19, with the potential ability to minimize viral spread.
- Its structure is formed by an exhaust system and antiviral and antibacterial filters that renew the air, creating a negative pressure environment inside the cabin, preventing aerosols from escaping into the environment during procedures with the patient.
- the capsule presents itself as a low-cost device to allow the use of NIV therapy, where NIV is presented as an alternative technique to the orotracheal intubation procedure, promoting an average reduction of the hospitalization period and the intubation rate, the in order to help reduce the occupancy of beds and the collapse of the health system.
- the capsule can prevent the evolution of the condition to endotracheal intubation and reduce the length of hospital stay, on average for the patient.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the device, in the assembled condition
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the device hood
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the hood.
- the screen device is presented as a light and resistant structure, formed by PVC tubes, vinyl cover, having two zipper contact side windows and two handles for moving the cabin, designed to work as a protective barrier auxiliary/complementary to mandatory PPE already used by medical staff, against droplets and aerosols that may be released from the airways of patients during non-invasive ventilation (NIV) procedures, applied to hospitalized patients with infectious diseases, such as COVI D-19 , among others.
- NMV non-invasive ventilation
- the device, or capsule, as a whole, indicated by the numeral (1) is composed of a structure, or frame (2), of parallelepiped format, covered by a cover (3), or blanket, of transparent plastic material.
- said frame (2) is formed by the coupling (fitting and gluing) of previously sized PVC pipes, preferably comprising seven beams (4) joined by four columns (5).
- each of the columns (5) is joined to a respective beam (4) by means of an L-joint (6), while each of the beams (4) is joined to another beam (4) by through a T-joint (7).
- an interior anterior crosspiece as this region is intended to receive the patient, lying on the bed (not illustrated).
- a cover (3) is arranged, made of plastic (preferably 0.4 mm thick transparent vinyl).
- the conformation of the cover (3) follows the quadrangular shape of the frame (2) on its side faces, on the back face and on the top face. For this, the edges of the cover are properly cut and welded, in order to result in the desired final shape.
- the lower face is free from said cover (3), while on the front face said cover (3) takes the form of a curtain (8) and which extends beyond the region defined by the frame (2). In this way, said curtain (8) becomes able to envelop the part of the patient's body not housed inside the capsule (head and upper trunk, usually).
- one of the upper and posterior vertices of the frame (2) receives an exhaust fan (10) in order to generate a pressure differential inside the capsule.
- the hood (10) prevents the air exhaled by the patient from flowing beyond the limits of the capsule, if not through said hood (10).
- the hood (10) basically comprises a cylindrical body (11) which receives, in its upper portion, a fan (12), and in its lower portion, at least one filter (13), in particular an HME type filter, antiviral and antibacterial.
- a filter in particular an HME type filter, antiviral and antibacterial.
- three filters (13) are provided.
- the fan (12) is fixed in the upper portion of the body (11), for example, from a coupling flange (14), or any other means capable of making a rigid and hermetic coupling between the fan (12) and the body (11) of the hood (10).
- each of the filters (13) has a cylindrical shape from which radially opposite inlet (16) and outlet (15) openings for the air flow, drawn from the interior of the capsule, project.
- each of the outlet openings (15) of each filter (13) is hermetically fixed to the base of the cylindrical body (11), provided with respective through holes, by means of a bushing (17), while each one of the inlet openings (16) of each filter (13) is coupled to a support plate (18), provided with respective through holes (19).
- said support plate (18) is fixed, by means of screws or other appropriate means, in a corner of the frame (11) of the device (1) or capsule, specifically in two converging edges, defined by respective sleepers (4). Furthermore, the through holes (19) of the support plate (18) are aligned in relation to the respective holes (not visible) of the base of the cylindrical body (11), so that the preferably three filters (13) result with their axes. longitudinal lines aligned with each other.
- the device (1) further comprises zippers (9) for patient access, arranged on the side faces of the device. More preferably, said zippers (9) have an arched shape.
- the device (1) may comprise handles (21) opposite one another on upper edges of the device, in order to facilitate its placement and removal.
- the assembly of the device (1) is quick and easy, since it comprises the coupling of each of the PVC tubes - of the columns (2) or beams (4) - in the respective coupling elements - L-joints (6) and T-joints (7) - by using glue, possibly beforehand by lightly scraping the site (according to the usual practice in the hydraulic area).
- the cover (3) After assembling the frame (2), it is covered by the cover (3) that fits, with some clearance over and around the frame (2).
- the handles (20) are then fixed - arranged on opposite upper beams - and the exhaust assembly (10) by fixing the support plate (18) at one of the posterior corners of the capsule (1 ).
- the fan (2) of the exhaust fan (10) is connected to a source of electrical energy (not shown) through a respective electrical harness (not shown).
- the device (1) can be simply and easily placed on the patient, who lies on a bed, stretcher or similar, so that the anterior surface (on which the curtain (8) is arranged) is facing to the patient's feet, that is, with the plenum of the capsule enveloping the entirety of the patient's head, and the upper portion of his torso. In this condition, the patient's trunk passes through the plenum of the capsule, which is surrounded by the curtain (8).
- the air inside the capsule is constantly exhausted by the action of the fan (12), but in an absolutely safe way, since it is filtered by said at least one filter (13), while fresh air (and not contaminated ) enters the capsule (1 ) due to the lower internal pressure.
- the capsule, and the cover (3) are easy to handle and clean, allow the patient to be easily seen by the medical team, facilitating, however, monitoring, feeding and the application of medication, without direct contact, minimizing the risk of contagion.
- medication administration, or any other care can be easily done from openings with zipper closures (9), each of which is arranged on the side faces of the capsule.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device (1), or capsule, for protection against the aerial spread of viruses, bacteria and similar, for placing over a patient in a hospital bed or similar. The device comprises a frame (2) having a parallelepipedal configuration, with the edges defined using PVC tubes; a cover (3) having a configuration cooperating with the shape of said frame (2), said cover (3) being suitable for being arranged on said frame (2) so as to define respective side, rear and top faces of the frame (2), together with a curtain (8) projecting from the front face of the frame (2); and an extractor (10) arranged on the frame (2) so as to generate a pressure differential inside the capsule for the extraction of the air inside the device (1). The extractor (10) further comprises a fan (12), and at least one antiviral and antibacterial HME filter (13) in its lower portion.
Description
Dispositivo de Proteção Protection Device
[001 ] O presente modelo se refere a um disposto de proteção destinado a atuar como barreira auxiliar para proteção de profissionais de saúde expostos a risco de contaminação no tratamento com doenças infecciosas. Mais especificamente, a presente solução compreende um dispositivo eficiente e de baixo custo, destinado a criar um ambiente isolado sobre um leito hospitalar, ou similar, isolando assim parcialmente o paciente do ambiente externo. [001 ] The present model refers to a protective provision intended to act as an auxiliary barrier to protect health professionals exposed to risk of contamination in the treatment of infectious diseases. More specifically, the present solution comprises an efficient and low-cost device, intended to create an isolated environment over a hospital bed, or similar, thus partially isolating the patient from the external environment.
Estado da Arte State of art
[002] Para a proteção de profissionais de saúde expostos a risco de contaminação decorrentes de suas atividades são conhecidos diversos equipamentos e estruturas. Os de proteção individual (EPI) são de vital importância na atuação, tais como a máscara cirúrgica ou máscara de proteção respiratória, os óculos de proteção ou protetor facial, o avental impermeável de mangas longas, o macacão, as luvas de procedimento, o gorro, entre outros. O uso dos EPIs é obrigatório e fundamental para uma atividade segura da equipe médica. No entanto, nenhum deles oferece segurança total ao profissional que o utiliza. Neste contexto, soluções que promovam cuidados adicionais são essenciais aos profissionais de saúde, tanto para sua proteção, quanto para impedir a transmissão no ambiente de saúde, especialmente em contextos como o atual e urgente de pandemia. Profissionais da saúde de várias regiões do mundo tem se contaminado pelo COVI D-19, não tendo sido diferente em relação às epidemias de SARS e MERS anteriores. [002] For the protection of health professionals exposed to risk of contamination arising from their activities, various equipment and structures are known. Personal protective equipment (PPE) are of vital importance in the performance, such as the surgical mask or respiratory protection mask, the goggles or face shield, the long-sleeved waterproof apron, the overalls, the procedure gloves, the hat , among others. The use of PPE is mandatory and fundamental for the safe activity of the medical team. However, none of them offers total security to the professional who uses it. In this context, solutions that promote additional care are essential for health professionals, both for their protection and to prevent transmission in the health environment, especially in contexts such as the current and urgent pandemic. Health professionals from various regions of the world have been contaminated by COVI D-19, which was no different from previous SARS and MERS epidemics.
[003] Em complemento aos EPI s supra citados, são ainda conhecidos da arte alguns dispositivos destinados a isolar completamente um paciente do ambiente entorno, na forma de câmaras no interior das quais o paciente é disposto. Tais dispositivos são usualmente empregados em casos extremos, além de serem substancialmente mais complexos e custosos. [003] In addition to the aforementioned PPE, some devices are still known in the art to completely isolate a patient from the surrounding environment, in the form of chambers inside which the patient is placed. Such devices are usually used in extreme cases, in addition to being substantially more complex and expensive.
[004] Uma solução menos complexa pode ser ilustrada a partir dos documentos EP 127941 1 , EP 3320941 , EP 1506034 ou BR 102020009837. O conceito atrelado a tais dispositivos é o criar um tipo de capacete de isolamento, resguardando assim o ambiente externo dos eventuais contaminantes expelidos pela respiração do paciente. A despeito da eficácia deste tipo de dispositivo, o seu uso pode ser bastante incomodo para o próprio
paciente. [004] A less complex solution can be illustrated from the documents EP 127941 1 , EP 3320941 , EP 1506034 or BR 102020009837. The concept linked to such devices is to create a type of isolation helmet, thus protecting the external environment from possible contaminants expelled by the patient's breath. Despite the effectiveness of this type of device, its use can be quite uncomfortable for the patient.
[005] Além distes, são também conhecidos da arte alguns dispositivos mais simples, na forma de máscaras dotadas filtros acoplados ou de interconexões com sistema de purificação do ar exalado pelo paciente. Exemplos deste tipo de dispositivos podem ser ilustrados a partir dos documentos BR 1 12015022929, BR 102012018245 ou PI 9914719. Este tipo de máscara oferece um grau de proteção atrelado especificamente ao tipo de filtro acoplado, e são amplamente conhecidos principalmente na indústria e para ambientes contaminados. Porém, em se tratando de uso especificamente hospitalar, ou médico em geral, seu uso é restrito que o conceito de isolar as vias aéreas do paciente compromete muito a necessidade de administração de medicamentos, bem como outros procedimentos de exame. [005] In addition to these, some simpler devices are also known in the art, in the form of masks equipped with coupled filters or interconnections with a system for purifying the air exhaled by the patient. Examples of this type of device can be illustrated from documents BR 1 12015022929, BR 102012018245 or PI 9914719. This type of mask offers a degree of protection specifically linked to the type of filter attached, and they are widely known mainly in the industry and for contaminated environments. . However, in the case of specifically hospital use, or medical use in general, its use is restricted as the concept of isolating the patient's airways greatly compromises the need for medication administration, as well as other examination procedures.
[006] Já a empresa nipônica Airtech desenvolveu alguns dispositivos a serem acoplados a um leito hospitalar (vide http://www.airtech.co.jp/products/kanseneq/1056/), os quais compreendem uma estrutura metálica que pode ser acoplada na cabeceira ou na lateral de um leito hospitalar, estrutura esta revestida por uma capa plástica transparente. Tais dispositivos estão aptos a isolar a porção superior do paciente, enquanto no leito, além de permitirem a sua visualização e o acesso a dito paciente, a partir de uma janela prevista em uma das faces do dispositivo. A despeito do mesmo se mostrar eficiente e não comprometer muito o acesso ao paciente, o acoplamento do quadro metálico ao leito restringe a sua maneabilidade e mobilidade. [006] The Japanese company Airtech has developed some devices to be attached to a hospital bed (see http://www.airtech.co.jp/products/kanseneq/1056/), which comprise a metallic structure that can be attached on the headboard or on the side of a hospital bed, the structure is covered by a transparent plastic cover. Such devices are able to isolate the upper portion of the patient while in bed, in addition to allowing visualization and access to said patient, from a window provided on one of the sides of the device. Despite the fact that it is efficient and does not compromise access to the patient, the coupling of the metal frame to the bed restricts its maneuverability and mobility.
[007] Desta forma, resta ainda necessário um dispositivo de proteção do ambiente, de modo a salvaguardar a saúde e a integridade dos operadores de saúde, quer seja em um ambiente tipicamente hospitalar, quer em condições adversas como hospitais de campanha e instalações provisórias do gênero. [007] In this way, there is still a need for an environmental protection device, in order to safeguard the health and integrity of health operators, whether in a typically hospital environment, or in adverse conditions such as field hospitals and temporary facilities of the genre.
Objetivos e Síntese da Solução Goals and Solution Summary
[008] Constitui assim um primeiro objetivo da presente solução um dispositivo prático, facilmente transportável e apto a oferecer uma grande segurança aos profissionais de saúde em relação a um paciente contaminado. [008] The first objective of the present solution is thus a practical device, easily transportable and able to offer great safety to health professionals in relation to a contaminated patient.
[009] Constitui um segundo objetivo da solução um dispositivo que possa ser facilmente acoplado a um leito hospitalar, a uma maca ou a qualquer estrutura
semelhante a qual contenha um paciente contaminado e que possa disseminar a contaminação ao entorno. Constitui um ulterior objetivo da solução um dispositivo simples, leve e de custo bastante restrito, e de fácil montagem local. [009] A second objective of the solution is a device that can be easily attached to a hospital bed, a stretcher or any structure similar to one that contains a contaminated patient and that can spread the contamination to the surroundings. A further objective of the solution is a simple, light device with a very restricted cost, and easy local assembly.
[0010] Estes e outros objetivos correlatos são alcançados a partir de um dispositivo de proteção contra a disseminação aérea de vírus, bactérias e similares, para sobreposição a um paciente em um leito hospitalar, ou similar, compreendendo: [0010] These and other related objectives are achieved from a device to protect against the aerial spread of viruses, bacteria and the like, for overlapping a patient in a hospital bed, or similar, comprising:
- um quadro, de conformação paralelepipédica, com as arestas definidas por travessas e colunas confeccionadas a partir de tubos de PVC, ditos tubos reciprocamente acoplados entre si por meio de juntas em L e juntas em T; - a frame, parallelepiped in shape, with the edges defined by beams and columns made from PVC tubes, said tubes reciprocally coupled together by means of L-joints and T-joints;
- uma capa, de conformação cooperante com a forma do dito quadro, dita capa apta a ser disposta sobre o quadro de modo a definir respectivas faces laterais, posterior e superior do quadro, bem como uma cortina projetante a partir da face anterior do quadro e destinada a envolver parcialmente o corpo do paciente; e - a cover, of conformation cooperating with the shape of said frame, said cover able to be arranged on the frame in order to define respective lateral, posterior and upper faces of the frame, as well as a curtain projecting from the front face of the frame and intended to partially envelop the patient's body; and
- um exaustor, disposto em um vértice superior e posterior do quadro, de modo a gerar um diferencial de pressão no interior da capsula pela exaustão do ar no interior do dispositivo, o exaustor compreendendo um corpo cilíndrico o qual recebe, na sua porção superior, uma ventoinha, e na sua porção inferior ao menos um filtro, de tipo HME, antiviral e antibacteriano, e sendo que cada ao menos um filtro é fixado entre a base do corpo cilíndrico e uma placa suporte de fixação do exaustor no quadro do dispositivo; e sendo ainda que a dita placa suporte e a base do corpo cilíndrico apresentam respectivos furos passantes nos quais são acopladas as aberturas de entrada e de saída para o fluxo de ar de exaustão do interior do dispositivo. - an hood, arranged at an upper and posterior vertex of the frame, so as to generate a pressure differential inside the capsule by exhausting the air inside the device, the hood comprising a cylindrical body which receives, in its upper portion, a fan, and in its lower portion at least one filter, of the HME type, antiviral and antibacterial, and each at least one filter being fixed between the base of the cylindrical body and a support plate for fixing the hood to the frame of the device; and further that said support plate and the base of the cylindrical body have respective through holes in which the inlet and outlet openings for the flow of exhaust air from the interior of the device are coupled.
[001 1 ] Em uma forma de realização, o dispositivo, compreende três filtros em paralelo. Em outra forma de realização, o acoplamento da ventoinha na porção superior do corpo é intermediado por um flange, enquanto que o acoplamento entre cada filtro e a base do corpo cilindro ser feito mediante buchas, e o acoplamento entre cada filtro e a dita placa suporte é feito mediante buchas. [0011] In one embodiment, the device comprises three filters in parallel. In another embodiment, the coupling of the fan in the upper part of the body is intermediated by a flange, while the coupling between each filter and the base of the cylinder body is made using bushings, and the coupling between each filter and said support plate It is made using bushings.
[0012] Em outra forma de realização, o dispositivo compreende ainda zíperes de acesso ao paciente, dispostos nas faces laterais do dispositivo. Preferencialmente, ditos zíperes apresentarem um formato arqueado.
[0013] Em uma ulterior forma de realização, o dispositivo compreender alça opostas, uma em relação a outra, em arestas superiores do dispositivo, de modo a facilitar a colocação e a remoção do dispositivo. [0012] In another embodiment, the device further comprises patient access zippers arranged on the side faces of the device. Preferably, said zippers have an arched shape. [0013] In a further embodiment, the device will comprise opposing handles, one in relation to the other, on upper edges of the device, in order to facilitate the placement and removal of the device.
[0014] Para auxiliar nas soluções de proteção individual e coletiva dos profissionais de saúde que atuam diretamente no tratamento de pacientes internados com doenças de alta transmissibilidade, tal como o Covid-19, a presente solução foi desenvolvida para atuar como barreira adicional de proteção contra gotículas e partículas de aerossóis que possam ser liberadas das vias aéreas do paciente, principal forma de contaminação pelo novo coronavirus, e ser de fácil manuseio e higienização. O dispositivo atua como uma capa de segurança, revestida por uma película de vinil transparente, que isola a parte superior do corpo do paciente e dá visibilidade durante a assistência à equipe médica, podendo reduzir a sensação de claustrofobia nos pacientes e melhoria do conforto no tratamento. A estrutura permite a sua movimentação, pode ser incorporada à cama do paciente, além do acesso para monitoramento, alimentação e medicação, sem o contato direto da equipe médica. [0014] To assist in individual and collective protection solutions for health professionals who work directly in the treatment of hospitalized patients with highly transmissible diseases, such as Covid-19, this solution was developed to act as an additional barrier of protection against droplets and aerosol particles that can be released from the patient's airways, the main form of contamination by the new coronavirus, and be easy to handle and clean. The device acts as a safety cover, coated with a transparent vinyl film, which isolates the patient's upper body and provides visibility during assistance to the medical team, which can reduce the feeling of claustrophobia in patients and improve comfort in treatment. . The structure allows its movement, can be incorporated into the patient's bed, in addition to access for monitoring, food and medication, without the direct contact of the medical team.
[0015] Em períodos de pandemia a capacidade de atendimento dos hospitais pode ficar comprometida pelo elevado número de pacientes recebidos, e essa condição impacta diretamente na disponibilidade de leitos e de ventiladores mecânicos. Parte dos pacientes acometidos pela COVI D-19 podem evoluir para uma forma mais grave da doença, passando a necessitar de suporte ventilatório em ambiente hospitalar. A ventilação não invasiva (VNI) se apresenta então como uma alternativa de tratamento em pacientes selecionados, tendo sido reconhecida pela OMS como opção eficaz para o tratamento de Covid-19. Entretanto, nesse processo existe a possibilidade de disseminação de vírus para o ambiente, pois a VNI permite que aerossóis, minúsculas gotículas de saliva resultantes de tosses, espirros e até da fala, fiquem no ar, podendo assim contaminar médicos e enfermeiros. [0015] In periods of a pandemic, the capacity of hospitals to provide care can be compromised by the high number of patients received, and this condition directly impacts the availability of beds and mechanical ventilators. Some patients affected by COVI D-19 may progress to a more severe form of the disease, requiring ventilatory support in a hospital environment. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) presents itself as an alternative treatment in selected patients, having been recognized by the WHO as an effective option for the treatment of Covid-19. However, in this process there is the possibility of virus dissemination to the environment, as NIV allows aerosols, tiny droplets of saliva resulting from coughing, sneezing and even speaking, to stay in the air, thus being able to contaminate doctors and nurses.
[0016] Assim, o dispositivo, ou capsula, conforme a presente solução, atua como uma barreira de proteção adicional ao aerossol produzido durante a aplicação da VNI em pacientes com doenças infecciosas, tais como o COVI D-19, com potencial capacidade para minimizar a disseminação virai. Sua estrutura é formada por um sistema de exaustor e
filtros antivirals e antibacterianos que renovam o ar, criando um ambiente de pressão negativa no interior da cabine, impedindo que os aerossóis escapem para o ambiente durante a realização dos procedimentos junto ao paciente. A capsula apresenta-se como um dispositivo de baixo custo para permitir o uso de terapia com VNI , onde a VNI se apresente como uma técnica alternativa ao procedimento de intubação orotraqueal, promovendo uma redução média do período de internação e da taxa de intubação, a fim de auxiliar na diminuição da ocupação de leitos e do colapso do sistema de saúde. A utilização no momento da internação, a cápsula pode evitar a evolução do quadro para intubação endotraqueal e reduzir o tempo de internação, em média do paciente. [0016] Thus, the device, or capsule, according to the present solution, acts as an additional protective barrier to the aerosol produced during the application of NIV in patients with infectious diseases, such as COVI D-19, with the potential ability to minimize viral spread. Its structure is formed by an exhaust system and antiviral and antibacterial filters that renew the air, creating a negative pressure environment inside the cabin, preventing aerosols from escaping into the environment during procedures with the patient. The capsule presents itself as a low-cost device to allow the use of NIV therapy, where NIV is presented as an alternative technique to the orotracheal intubation procedure, promoting an average reduction of the hospitalization period and the intubation rate, the in order to help reduce the occupancy of beds and the collapse of the health system. When used at the time of hospitalization, the capsule can prevent the evolution of the condition to endotracheal intubation and reduce the length of hospital stay, on average for the patient.
Breve Descrição das Figuras Brief Description of Figures
[0017] A presente solução será mais bem compreendida à luz da descrição detalhada que segue, feita em relação a uma forma preferencial de realização e não restritiva, a qual é feita com base nas figuras em anexo, trazidas a título ilustrativo e não limitativo, nas quais: [0017] The present solution will be better understood in the light of the detailed description that follows, made in relation to a preferred and non-restrictive embodiment, which is based on the attached figures, brought for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, in which:
- A figura 1 é uma vista isométrica do dispositivo, na condição montada; - Figure 1 is an isometric view of the device, in the assembled condition;
- A figura 2 é uma vista ampliada do exaustor do dispositivo; e - Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the device hood; and
- A figura 3 é uma vista explodida do exaustor. - Figure 3 is an exploded view of the hood.
Descrição Detalhada da Forma Preferencial de Realização Detailed Description of the Preferred Form of Achievement
[0018] O dispositivo em tela apresenta-se como uma estrutura leve e resistente, formada por tubos PVC, cobertura em vinil, possuindo duas janelas laterais de contato em zíper e duas alças para movimentação da cabine, projetada para funcionar como uma barreira de proteção auxiliar/complementar aos EPIs mandatórios já utilizados por equipe médica, contra gotículas e aerossóis que possam ser liberadas das vias aéreas de pacientes durante procedimentos de ventilação não invasiva (VNI), aplicados em pacientes internados com doenças infecciosas, tal como o COVI D-19, entre outras. [0018] The screen device is presented as a light and resistant structure, formed by PVC tubes, vinyl cover, having two zipper contact side windows and two handles for moving the cabin, designed to work as a protective barrier auxiliary/complementary to mandatory PPE already used by medical staff, against droplets and aerosols that may be released from the airways of patients during non-invasive ventilation (NIV) procedures, applied to hospitalized patients with infectious diseases, such as COVI D-19 , among others.
[0019] Mais especificamente, e tal como ilustrado na figura 1 , o dispositivo, ou capsula, no seu conjunto indicado pelo numeral (1 ), é composto por uma estrutura, ou quadro (2), de formato paralelepipédico, revestida por uma capa (3), ou manta, de material plástico transparente. [0019] More specifically, and as illustrated in Figure 1, the device, or capsule, as a whole, indicated by the numeral (1), is composed of a structure, or frame (2), of parallelepiped format, covered by a cover (3), or blanket, of transparent plastic material.
[0020] Em particular, o dito quadro (2) é formado pelo acoplamento (encaixe e
colagem) de tubos de PVC previamente dimensionados, preferencialmente compondo sete travessas (4) unidas por quatro colunas (5). De forma convencional, cada uma das colunas (5) é unida a uma respectiva travessa (4) por meio de uma junta em L (6), enquanto que cada uma das travessas (4) é unida a uma outra travessa (4) por meio de uma junta em T (7). Há de se notar, ainda, a ausência de uma travessa anterior interior, já que esta região é destinada a receber o paciente, deitado sobre o leito (não ilustrado). [0021 ] Nos testes realizados, verificou-se que um quadro, tal como supra definido, apresenta resistência mecânica e estrutural suficiente para ser manipulado, sustentar a cobertura (3), além de ser leve o suficiente para não comprometer a sua maneabilidade. [0020] In particular, said frame (2) is formed by the coupling (fitting and gluing) of previously sized PVC pipes, preferably comprising seven beams (4) joined by four columns (5). Conventionally, each of the columns (5) is joined to a respective beam (4) by means of an L-joint (6), while each of the beams (4) is joined to another beam (4) by through a T-joint (7). It should also be noted the absence of an interior anterior crosspiece, as this region is intended to receive the patient, lying on the bed (not illustrated). [0021 ] In the tests carried out, it was found that a frame, as defined above, has sufficient mechanical and structural strength to be manipulated, support the cover (3), in addition to being light enough not to compromise its maneuverability.
[0022] Por sobre o referido quadro (2) é disposta uma capa (3), feita de plástico (preferencialmente de vinil transparente com 0,4 mm de espessura). A conformação da capa (3) segue a forma quadrangular do quadro (2) em suas faces laterais, na face posterior e na face superior. Para tanto, as arestas da capa são devidamente cortadas e soldadas, a fim de resultar na forma final desejada. A face inferior está livre da dita capa (3), enquanto que na face anterior a dita capa (3) assume a forma de uma cortina (8) e a qual se estende para além da região definida pelo quadro (2). Desta forma, a dita cortina (8) se torna apta a envolver a parte do corpo do paciente não alojada no interior da capsula (cabeça e porção superior do tronco, usualmente). [0022] On top of said frame (2) a cover (3) is arranged, made of plastic (preferably 0.4 mm thick transparent vinyl). The conformation of the cover (3) follows the quadrangular shape of the frame (2) on its side faces, on the back face and on the top face. For this, the edges of the cover are properly cut and welded, in order to result in the desired final shape. The lower face is free from said cover (3), while on the front face said cover (3) takes the form of a curtain (8) and which extends beyond the region defined by the frame (2). In this way, said curtain (8) becomes able to envelop the part of the patient's body not housed inside the capsule (head and upper trunk, usually).
[0023] Ademais, e de modo a impedir que qualquer resíduo da respiração do paciente flua para além da região definida pela cobertura (3), um dos vértices superior e posteriores do quadro (2) recebe um exaustor (10) de modo a gerar um diferencial de pressão no interior da capsula. Em outras palavras, ao exaurir o ar interno à capsula, o exaustor (10) evita que o ar expirado pelo paciente flua para além dos limites da capsula, senão através do dito exaustor (10). [0023] Furthermore, and in order to prevent any residue from the patient's breathing from flowing beyond the region defined by the cover (3), one of the upper and posterior vertices of the frame (2) receives an exhaust fan (10) in order to generate a pressure differential inside the capsule. In other words, by exhausting the air inside the capsule, the hood (10) prevents the air exhaled by the patient from flowing beyond the limits of the capsule, if not through said hood (10).
[0024] Assim, o exaustor (10) compreende, basicamente, um corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ) o qual recebe, na sua porção superior, uma ventoinha (12), e na sua porção inferior ao menos um filtro (13), em particular um filtro tipo HME, antiviral e antibacteriano. Preferencialmente, são previstos três filtros (13). [0024] Thus, the hood (10) basically comprises a cylindrical body (11) which receives, in its upper portion, a fan (12), and in its lower portion, at least one filter (13), in particular an HME type filter, antiviral and antibacterial. Preferably, three filters (13) are provided.
[0025] Mais especificamente, a ventoinha (12) é fixada na porção superior do corpo (1 1 ), por exemplo, a partir de um flange (14) de acoplamento, ou qualquer outro meio
apto a realizar um acoplamento rígido e hermético entre a ventoinha (12) e o corpo (1 1 ) do exaustor (10). [0025] More specifically, the fan (12) is fixed in the upper portion of the body (11), for example, from a coupling flange (14), or any other means capable of making a rigid and hermetic coupling between the fan (12) and the body (11) of the hood (10).
[0026] Por outro lado, cada um dos filtros (13) apresenta uma conformação cilíndrica da qual se projetam aberturas radialmente opostas de entrada (16) e de saída (15) do fluxo de ar, aspirado do interior da capsula. De forma análoga, cada uma das aberturas de saída (15) de cada filtro (13) é fixada hermeticamente na base do corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ), dotada de respectivos furos passantes, por meio de uma bucha (17), enquanto que cada uma das aberturas de entrada (16) de cada filtro (13) é acoplada a uma placa suporte (18), dotada de respectivos furos passantes (19). [0026] On the other hand, each of the filters (13) has a cylindrical shape from which radially opposite inlet (16) and outlet (15) openings for the air flow, drawn from the interior of the capsule, project. Similarly, each of the outlet openings (15) of each filter (13) is hermetically fixed to the base of the cylindrical body (11), provided with respective through holes, by means of a bushing (17), while each one of the inlet openings (16) of each filter (13) is coupled to a support plate (18), provided with respective through holes (19).
[0027] Ademais, a dita placa suporte (18) é fixada, por meio de parafusos ou outros meios apropriados, em um vértice do quadro (1 1 ) do dispositivo (1 ) ou capsula, especificamente em duas arestas convergentes, definidas por respectivas travessas (4). Além disto, os furos passantes (19) da placa suporte (18) são alinhados em relação aos respectivos furos (não visíveis) da base do corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ), de modo que os preferencialmente três filtros (13) resultem com sues eixos longitudinais alinhados um em relação aos demais. [0027] In addition, said support plate (18) is fixed, by means of screws or other appropriate means, in a corner of the frame (11) of the device (1) or capsule, specifically in two converging edges, defined by respective sleepers (4). Furthermore, the through holes (19) of the support plate (18) are aligned in relation to the respective holes (not visible) of the base of the cylindrical body (11), so that the preferably three filters (13) result with their axes. longitudinal lines aligned with each other.
[0028] Por fim, e em uma forma preferencial de realização, o dispositivo (1 ) compreende ainda zíperes (9) de acesso ao paciente, dispostos nas faces laterais do dispositivo. Mais preferencialmente, ditos zíperes (9) apresentarem um formato arqueado. Em uma ulterior forma de realização, o dispositivo (1 ) pode compreender alças (21 ) opostas, uma em relação a outra, em arestas superiores do dispositivo, de modo a facilitar a sua colocação e a sua remoção. [0028] Finally, and in a preferred embodiment, the device (1) further comprises zippers (9) for patient access, arranged on the side faces of the device. More preferably, said zippers (9) have an arched shape. In a further embodiment, the device (1) may comprise handles (21) opposite one another on upper edges of the device, in order to facilitate its placement and removal.
[0029] Em uso, inicialmente há de se destacar que a montagem do dispositivo (1 ) é rápida e fácil, já que compreende o acoplamento de cada um dos tubos de PVC - das colunas (2) ou travessas (4) - nos respectivos elementos de acoplamento - juntas em L (6) e juntas em T (7) - mediante o uso de cola, eventualmente antecipado por leve raspagem do local (conforme a prática usual da área hidráulica). Após a montagem do quadro (2), este é revestido pela capa (3) que se encaixa, com alguma folga por sobre e ao redor do quadro (2). Ato contínuo, são então fixadas as alças (20) - dispostas em travessas superiores opostas - e o conjunto exaustor ( 10) através da fixação da placa suporte (18)
em um dos vértices posteriores da capsula (1 ). Por fim, a ventoinha (2) do exaustor (10) é conectada a uma fonte de energia elétrica (não ilustrada) através de um respectivo chicote elétrico (não ilustrado). Finalizada a montagem, o dispositivo (1 ) pode ser simples e facilmente colocado sobre o paciente, o qual jaz em um leito, maca ou similar, de modo a que a superfície anterior (na qual é disposta a cortina (8)) fique voltada para os pés do paciente, ou seja, com o plenum da capsula envolvendo a totalidade da cabeça do paciente, e a porção superior do seu tronco. Nesta condição, o tronco do paciente transpassa o plenum da capsula envolto pela cortina (8). I mportante destacar que, pela forma de atuação da mesma, não é sequer desejado que a cortina (8) vede hermeticamente o plenum ao redor do paciente, mas ao contrário é imperativo que a capsula não permaneça hermética ao redor do paciente, de modo a permitir a entrada de ar fresco (externo à capsula) para compensar o ar retirado do interior da capsula quando a ventoinha está em funcionamento. [0029] In use, initially it should be noted that the assembly of the device (1) is quick and easy, since it comprises the coupling of each of the PVC tubes - of the columns (2) or beams (4) - in the respective coupling elements - L-joints (6) and T-joints (7) - by using glue, possibly beforehand by lightly scraping the site (according to the usual practice in the hydraulic area). After assembling the frame (2), it is covered by the cover (3) that fits, with some clearance over and around the frame (2). Then, the handles (20) are then fixed - arranged on opposite upper beams - and the exhaust assembly (10) by fixing the support plate (18) at one of the posterior corners of the capsule (1 ). Finally, the fan (2) of the exhaust fan (10) is connected to a source of electrical energy (not shown) through a respective electrical harness (not shown). Once the assembly is finished, the device (1) can be simply and easily placed on the patient, who lies on a bed, stretcher or similar, so that the anterior surface (on which the curtain (8) is arranged) is facing to the patient's feet, that is, with the plenum of the capsule enveloping the entirety of the patient's head, and the upper portion of his torso. In this condition, the patient's trunk passes through the plenum of the capsule, which is surrounded by the curtain (8). It is important to highlight that, due to the way it works, it is not even desired that the curtain (8) hermetically seals the plenum around the patient, on the contrary, it is imperative that the capsule does not remain hermetic around the patient, so that allow fresh air to enter (external to the capsule) to compensate for the air withdrawn from inside the capsule when the fan is running.
[0030] Desta forma, o ar interno a capsula é constantemente exaurido pela ação da ventoinha (12), mas de forma absolutamente segura, uma vez que filtrado pelo dito ao menos um filtro (13), enquanto que ar fresco (e não contaminado) adentra a capsula (1 ) em função da menor pressão interna à mesma. [0030] In this way, the air inside the capsule is constantly exhausted by the action of the fan (12), but in an absolutely safe way, since it is filtered by said at least one filter (13), while fresh air (and not contaminated ) enters the capsule (1 ) due to the lower internal pressure.
[0031 ] Em decorrência do quanto supra reportado, resta claro que a capsula, e a capa (3), são de fácil manuseio e higienização, permitem que o paciente seja visualizado facilmente pela equipe médica, facilitando, não obstante, o monitoramento, a alimentação e a aplicação de medicação, sem o contato direto, minimizando o risco de contágio. Em caso de necessidade, a administração de medicamentos, ou de quaisquer outros cuidados, pode ser facilmente feita a partir de aberturas com fechamentos por zíperes (9), cada um dos quais estando disposto nas faces laterais da capsula. [0031] As a result of what has been reported above, it is clear that the capsule, and the cover (3), are easy to handle and clean, allow the patient to be easily seen by the medical team, facilitating, however, monitoring, feeding and the application of medication, without direct contact, minimizing the risk of contagion. In case of need, medication administration, or any other care, can be easily done from openings with zipper closures (9), each of which is arranged on the side faces of the capsule.
[0032] Já a previsão de uma estrutura em PVC - quadro (2) - proporciona leveza à unidade, possibilitando que seja facilmente adaptada sob a parte móvel do leito hospitalar e movimentada quando necessário. Por fim, a previsão de um exaustor (10), acoplado a três filtros (13) do tipo HME, antivirais e antibacterianos, permite o controle da umidade e da temperatura, além de promover a pressão negativa no interior da cápsula impedindo a liberação de aerossóis e a contaminação do ar externo.
[0032] The provision of a PVC structure - frame (2) - provides lightness to the unit, allowing it to be easily adapted under the mobile part of the hospital bed and moved when necessary. Finally, the provision of an exhaust fan (10), coupled to three filters (13) of the HME type, antiviral and antibacterial, allows the control of humidity and temperature, in addition to promoting negative pressure inside the capsule, preventing the release of aerosols and outside air contamination.
Claims
1 . Dispositivo de proteção (1 ) contra a disseminação aérea de vírus, bactérias e similares, para sobreposição a um paciente em um leito hospitalar, ou similar, caracterizado por compreender: 1 . Protection device (1) against the aerial dissemination of viruses, bacteria and the like, for overlapping a patient in a hospital bed, or similar, characterized by comprising:
- um quadro (2) de conformação paralelepipédica, com as arestas definidas por travessas (4) e colunas (5) confeccionadas a partir de tubos de PVC, ditos tubos reciprocamente acoplados entre si por meio de juntas em L (6) e juntas em T (7) ; - a frame (2) of parallelepiped shape, with the edges defined by beams (4) and columns (5) made from PVC tubes, said tubes reciprocally coupled together by means of L-shaped joints (6) and T(7);
- uma capa (3) de conformação cooperante com a forma do dito quadro (2), dita capa (3) apta a ser disposta sobre o dito quadro (2) de modo a definir respectivas faces laterais, posterior e superior do quadro (2) , bem como uma cortina (8) projetante a partir da face anterior do quadro (2) e destinada a envolver parcialmente o corpo do paciente; e - a cover (3) of conformation cooperating with the shape of said frame (2), said cover (3) able to be arranged on said frame (2) in order to define respective lateral, posterior and upper faces of the frame (2) ), as well as a curtain (8) projecting from the front face of the frame (2) and intended to partially envelop the patient's body; and
- um exaustor (10) disposto em um vértice superior e posterior do quadro (2), de modo a gerar um diferencial de pressão no interior da capsula pela exaustão do ar no interior do dispositivo (1 ), dito exaustor (10) compreendendo um corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ) o qual recebe, na sua porção superior, uma ventoinha (12), e na sua porção inferior ao menos um filtro (13), de tipo HME, antiviral e antibacteriano, e sendo que cada ao menos um filtro (13) é fixado entre a base do corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ) e uma placa suporte (18) de fixação do exaustor (10) no quadro (2) do dispositivo (1 ) ; e sendo ainda que a dita placa suporte (18) e a base do corpo cilíndrico (1 1 ) apresentam respectivos furos passantes (19) nas quais são acopladas as aberturas de entrada (16) e de saída (17) para o fluxo de ar de exaustão do interior do dispositivo (1 ). - an exhaust fan (10) arranged at an upper and posterior vertex of the frame (2), so as to generate a pressure differential inside the capsule by exhausting the air inside the device (1), said exhaust (10) comprising a cylindrical body (11) which receives, in its upper portion, a fan (12), and in its lower portion, at least one filter (13), of the HME type, antiviral and antibacterial, and each at least one filter (13) is fixed between the base of the cylindrical body (11) and a support plate (18) for fixing the hood (10) to the frame (2) of the device (1); and also that said support plate (18) and the base of the cylindrical body (11) have respective through holes (19) in which the inlet (16) and outlet (17) openings for the air flow are coupled. exhaust from inside the device (1 ).
2. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por compreender três filtros (13) em paralelo. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises three filters (13) in parallel.
3. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o acoplamento da ventoinha (12) na porção superior do corpo (1 1 ) ser intermediado por um flange (14). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling of the fan (12) in the upper part of the body (11) is intermediated by a flange (14).
4. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o acoplamento entre cada filtro (13) e a base do corpo cilindro ser feito mediante buchas (17), e sendo que o acoplamento entre cada filtro (13) e a dita placa suporte (19) ser feito mediante buchas (17).
Device, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling between each filter (13) and the base of the cylinder body is made using bushings (17), and the coupling between each filter (13) and said plate support (19) is made using bushings (17).
5. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por compreender zíperes (9) de acesso ao paciente, dispostos nas faces laterais do dispositivo (1 ). Device, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises zippers (9) for patient access, arranged on the side faces of the device (1).
6. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 5, caracterizado por ditos zíperes (9) apresentarem um formato arqueado. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said zippers (9) have an arched shape.
7. Dispositivo, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por compreender alças (20) opostas, uma em relação a outra, em arestas superiores do dispositivo (1 ).
Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises lugs (20) opposite one another on upper edges of the device (1).
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BRBR2020200197482 | 2020-09-28 | ||
BR202020019748-2U BR202020019748U2 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | protection device |
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WO2022061428A1 true WO2022061428A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
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PCT/BR2021/050304 WO2022061428A1 (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2021-07-16 | Protection device |
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WO (1) | WO2022061428A1 (en) |
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AIRTECH JAPAN: "SS clean booth", YOUTUBE, XP055924327, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=aHtbtI-Fuf8.> * |
ANONYMOUS: "Self-setting negative pressure booth ", AIRTECH, 28 June 2020 (2020-06-28), pages 1 - 2, XP055924330, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20200628101047/https://www.airtech.co.jp/products/kanseneq/12743/> [retrieved on 20220524] * |
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