WO2022048302A1 - Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables - Google Patents

Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables Download PDF

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WO2022048302A1
WO2022048302A1 PCT/CN2021/105229 CN2021105229W WO2022048302A1 WO 2022048302 A1 WO2022048302 A1 WO 2022048302A1 CN 2021105229 W CN2021105229 W CN 2021105229W WO 2022048302 A1 WO2022048302 A1 WO 2022048302A1
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growth
leafy vegetables
light
accelerating
photons
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PCT/CN2021/105229
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李阳
陈艺群
王婷婷
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福建省中科生物股份有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables.
  • the long selection cycle is the main factor limiting the progress of leafy vegetable breeding and genetic research.
  • Rapid plant generation technology that is, through appropriate regulation of growth conditions, accelerates the vegetative growth of plants, promotes early flowering and fruiting, shortens the generation cycle, and realizes multiple generations of plants a year, which can effectively solve this problem.
  • the current plant generation technology that artificially regulates growth conditions mainly creates a stressful environment for plant growth by increasing the light intensity, adjusting the light time (long-day plants extend the light time, short-day plants control the light time), and water and fertilizer control. The process of vegetative and reproductive growth of plants.
  • light As an important environmental factor in the process of plant growth and development, in addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light also acts as a signaling factor and plays an important regulatory role in plant morphogenesis and growth and development.
  • the regulatory effects of light on plants are mainly manifested in the following aspects: seed germination, root growth, stem growth, leaf growth, flowering, etc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for accelerating the vegetative growth of leafy vegetables to reproductive growth, which is mainly controlled by the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the adjustment spectrum.
  • leafy vegetables can be promoted to enter the flowering stage earlier, and the breeding time of one generation can be shortened, thereby accelerating the breeding cycle.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables.
  • the ratio of the light quantum numbers of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted. Control in 1.7-3.3.
  • the spectral composition is as follows: the light quantum number of blue light (400-499nm) accounts for 6%-10% of the total light quantum S 0 number, and the light quantum number of green light (500-599nm) accounts for the proportion of the entire light quantum number It is 15-27%, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, and the number of photons of far-red light (700-780nm) accounts for 16-21% of the total number of photons .
  • the EC value of the nutrient solution in the seedling growing period is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm
  • the pH is 6.0-7.0
  • the EC value of the nutrient solution in the planting period is 1.2-2.0
  • the pH is 6.0-7.0
  • the period is With the extension of vegetable growth period, EC gradually increased; the temperature of nutrient solution was 20-22°C, and the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm, and the light intensity is set at 100-400 ⁇ mol/m2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth of leafy vegetables to reproductive growth, comprising the steps of:
  • Seed treatment first soak the seeds in water, then sow them into sponge cubes, 1 per hole, and place them in a germination box for germination.
  • the spectral composition during the colonization is as follows: the photon number of blue light (400-499nm) accounts for 6%-10% of the whole photon number, and the photon number of green light (500-599nm) accounts for the proportion of the whole photon number. It is 15-27%, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, and the number of photons of far-red light (700-780nm) accounts for 16-21% of the total number of photons .
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm, and the light intensity is set at 100-400 ⁇ mol/m2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: using the method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables provided by the present invention can promote leafy vegetables to enter the flowering stage earlier, shorten the first-generation breeding time, and thereby shorten the breeding cycle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 7;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 10 .
  • the embodiment of the present invention mainly provides a light environment regulation technology, which is mainly used for the cultivation of leafy vegetables.
  • an LED light source is used to adjust the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the light quantum ratio control of the spectrum.
  • it can promote leafy vegetables to enter the flowering stage earlier, shorten the breeding time of one generation, and speed up the breeding cycle.
  • For vegetable seedling treatment in the early stage first soak the seeds in water, then sow them into sponge cubes, 1 per hole, and place them in a germination box for germination. After the seeds are white, the seedling treatment is carried out.
  • the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8 -1.2mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0.
  • the spacing between the field planting rows is 25cm ⁇ 35cm, and put it into the nutrient solution tank for cultivation.
  • the nutrient solution adopts the nutrient solution film cultivation technology.
  • the EC value of the nutrient solution was controlled at 1.2-2.0. With the extension of the vegetable growth period, the EC gradually increased, and the pH was 6.0-7.0.
  • the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22°C
  • the dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L
  • the ambient temperature is 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night
  • the air humidity is 60-70%
  • the CO 2 concentration is 1000ppm.
  • the light intensity was set to 100-400 ⁇ mol/m2 ⁇ s
  • the photoperiod was 7-15 h/d.
  • the temperature of the nutrient solution was controlled at 21°C
  • the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L
  • the ambient temperature was 21°C during the day and 21°C at night.
  • the air humidity is 60-70%
  • the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm.
  • the light source was a fluorescent lamp as control example 1, and another 5 kinds of control examples and 6 kinds of example spectra were set, the light intensity was 220 ⁇ mol ⁇ m -2 ⁇ s -1 , and the photoperiod was 11h/d.
  • the green dish lettuce was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as the respective examples and control examples, and the flowering time (days after colonization) and generation time (from colonization to seed maturity period) of each embodiment and control example were counted.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 1:
  • the temperature of the nutrient solution was controlled at 21°C
  • the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L
  • the ambient temperature was 21°C during the day and 21°C at night.
  • 18°C the air humidity is 60-70%
  • the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm.
  • the light source was a fluorescent lamp as control example 1, and another 5 kinds of control examples and 6 kinds of example spectra were set, the light intensity was 250 ⁇ mol ⁇ m -2 ⁇ s -1 , and the photoperiod was 13.5h/d.
  • cabbage with white stems is cultivated, and the light source parameters are used as each embodiment and control example, and the flowering time (days after field planting) and generation time (from field planting to seed maturity period) of each embodiment and control example are counted.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 1:

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

A method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables, mainly comprising: adjusting proportions of photons in a far-red light (700-780 nm) and a blue light (400-499 nm) of spectra and controlling same at 1.7-3.3. The method can facilitate early blooming of leafy vegetables and shorten the first-generation breeding time, thus accelerating a breeding cycle.

Description

一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法A method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及蔬菜栽培技术领域，具体涉及一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables.
背景技术Background technique
选育周期长是限制叶菜类蔬菜育种及遗传研究进程的主要因素。植物快速加代技术，即通过适当的调控生长条件，加速植物的营养生长，促进提早开花结实，缩短世代周期，实现植物一年繁殖多代，可以有效解决此问题。目前的人工调控生长条件的植物加代技术，主要通过提高光照强度、调节光照时间(长日照植物延长光照时间、短日照植物控制光照时间)、控水控肥等措施制造植物生长的逆境环境，加速植物的营养生长和生殖生长的进程。The long selection cycle is the main factor limiting the progress of leafy vegetable breeding and genetic research. Rapid plant generation technology, that is, through appropriate regulation of growth conditions, accelerates the vegetative growth of plants, promotes early flowering and fruiting, shortens the generation cycle, and realizes multiple generations of plants a year, which can effectively solve this problem. The current plant generation technology that artificially regulates growth conditions mainly creates a stressful environment for plant growth by increasing the light intensity, adjusting the light time (long-day plants extend the light time, short-day plants control the light time), and water and fertilizer control. The process of vegetative and reproductive growth of plants.
光作为植物生长发育过程中的重要环境因子，除了为光合作用提供能量外，还作为一种信号因子，在植物的形态建成和生长发育方面起到重要的调节作用。光对植物的调控作用主要表现在以下几方面：种子萌发、根系生长、茎生长、叶片生长、开花等。As an important environmental factor in the process of plant growth and development, in addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light also acts as a signaling factor and plays an important regulatory role in plant morphogenesis and growth and development. The regulatory effects of light on plants are mainly manifested in the following aspects: seed germination, root growth, stem growth, leaf growth, flowering, etc.
目前，已有通过一些环境调控措施来促进叶菜类蔬菜加代育种，主要通过对温度或光照时间的调节控制。但对于采用光谱来进行调控叶菜类加代育种未有报道。At present, some environmental regulation measures have been adopted to promote the breeding of leafy vegetables, mainly through the regulation and control of temperature or light time. However, there is no report on the use of spectrum to control the addition breeding of leafy vegetables.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其主要通过调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)比例的光量子比例控制在1.7-3.3，可以促进叶菜类蔬菜提早进入开花期，并缩短一代育种时间，从而加速了育种周期。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for accelerating the vegetative growth of leafy vegetables to reproductive growth, which is mainly controlled by the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the adjustment spectrum. In 1.7-3.3, leafy vegetables can be promoted to enter the flowering stage earlier, and the breeding time of one generation can be shortened, thereby accelerating the breeding cycle.
本发明采取的具体技术方案是：The concrete technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
本发明一方面提供了一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法， 在叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数比例控制在1.7-3.3。One aspect of the present invention provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables. When the leafy vegetables are cultivated, the ratio of the light quantum numbers of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted. Control in 1.7-3.3.
优选地，所述光谱组成为：蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数在整个光量子S 0数的占比为6％-10％、绿光(500-599nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为15-27％、红光(600-699nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为46-59％、远红光(700-780nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为16-21％。 Preferably, the spectral composition is as follows: the light quantum number of blue light (400-499nm) accounts for 6%-10% of the total light quantum S 0 number, and the light quantum number of green light (500-599nm) accounts for the proportion of the entire light quantum number It is 15-27%, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, and the number of photons of far-red light (700-780nm) accounts for 16-21% of the total number of photons .
优选地，叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，育苗期营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，定植期营养液EC值为1.2-2.0，pH为6.0-7.0，且期间是随着蔬菜生长期的延长，EC逐渐增高；营养液温度为20-22℃，溶氧量为5-6mg/L。Preferably, when leafy vegetables are cultivated, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the seedling growing period is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the planting period is 1.2-2.0, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and the period is With the extension of vegetable growth period, EC gradually increased; the temperature of nutrient solution was 20-22℃, and the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L.
优选地，叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，环境温度条件为白天20-23℃，夜间为18-20℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm，光强设置为100-400μmol/㎡·s，光周期为7-15h/d。 Preferably, when leafy vegetables are cultivated, the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm, and the light intensity is set at 100-400μmol/㎡ ·s, the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
本发明另一方面还提供了一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，包括如下步骤：Another aspect of the present invention also provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth of leafy vegetables to reproductive growth, comprising the steps of:
(1)种子处理：先将种子进行清水浸种后，播到海绵方块中，每穴1粒，并置于催芽箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，进行育苗处理；(1) Seed treatment: first soak the seeds in water, then sow them into sponge cubes, 1 per hole, and place them in a germination box for germination.
(2)育苗：育苗处理期间营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，待蔬菜长至4-5片真叶时，进行栽培定植；(2) Seedling raising: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0. When the vegetables grow to 4-5 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
(3)定植：将蔬菜移到定植板上，并放入营养液槽中进行培养，营养液采用营养液膜栽培技术，整个定植期间，营养液EC值控制在1.2-2.0，pH为6.0-7.0，且期间是随着蔬菜生长期的延长，EC逐渐增高；并且整个定植期间，调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)比例的光量子比例控制在1.7-3.3。(3) Colonization: move the vegetables to the colonization plate and put them into the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts the nutrient solution film cultivation technology. 7.0, and the period is that with the prolongation of vegetable growth period, the EC gradually increases; and throughout the colonization period, the ratio of light quantum to adjust the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled at 1.7-3.3.
优选地，所述定植期间光谱组成为：蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数在整个光量子数的占比为6％-10％、绿光(500-599nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为15-27％、红光(600-699nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为 46-59％、远红光(700-780nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为16-21％。Preferably, the spectral composition during the colonization is as follows: the photon number of blue light (400-499nm) accounts for 6%-10% of the whole photon number, and the photon number of green light (500-599nm) accounts for the proportion of the whole photon number. It is 15-27%, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, and the number of photons of far-red light (700-780nm) accounts for 16-21% of the total number of photons .
优选地叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，环境温度条件为白天20-23℃，夜间为18-20℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm，光强设置为100-400μmol/㎡·s，光周期为7-15h/d。 Preferably, when leafy vegetables are cultivated, the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm, and the light intensity is set at 100-400μmol/㎡· s, the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
本发明的有益效果是：采用本发明所提供的加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，可以促进叶菜类提早进入开花期，缩短了一代育种时间，从而缩短育种周期。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: using the method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables provided by the present invention can promote leafy vegetables to enter the flowering stage earlier, shorten the first-generation breeding time, and thereby shorten the breeding cycle.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为LED灯7的光波峰值示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 7;
图2为LED灯10的光波峰值示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 10 .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，在不脱离本发明上述技术思想情况下，根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段，做出各种替换和变更，均应包括在本发明的范围内。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical idea of the present invention, various replacements and changes are made according to common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field. , should be included in the scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例主要提供了一种光环境调控技术，主要用于叶菜类栽培，栽培时采用LED光源，调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)比例的光量子比例控制在1.7-3.3，可促进叶菜类提早进入开花期，并缩短一代育种时间，加速了育种周期。蔬菜前期育苗处理，先将种子进行清水浸种后，播到海绵方块中，每穴1粒，并置于催芽箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，进行育苗处理，处理期间营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0。待蔬菜长至4-5片真叶时，进行栽培定植，移到定植板上，定植行间距为25cm×35cm，并放入营养液槽中进行培养，营养液采用营养液膜栽培技术，整个定植期间，营养液EC值控制在1.2-2.0，随着蔬菜生长期的延长，EC逐渐增高，pH为6.0-7.0。营养液温度为20-22℃，溶氧量为5-6mg/L，环境温度条件为白天20-23℃，夜间为18-20℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm，光强设置为100-400μmol/㎡·s，光周期为7-15h/d。采用该技术可以促 进叶菜类蔬菜加代育种的方法，可以促进叶菜类提早进入开花期，缩短了一代育种时间，从而缩短育种周期。 The embodiment of the present invention mainly provides a light environment regulation technology, which is mainly used for the cultivation of leafy vegetables. During cultivation, an LED light source is used to adjust the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the light quantum ratio control of the spectrum. In 1.7-3.3, it can promote leafy vegetables to enter the flowering stage earlier, shorten the breeding time of one generation, and speed up the breeding cycle. For vegetable seedling treatment in the early stage, first soak the seeds in water, then sow them into sponge cubes, 1 per hole, and place them in a germination box for germination. After the seeds are white, the seedling treatment is carried out. During the treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8 -1.2mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0. When the vegetable grows to 4-5 true leaves, carry out cultivation and field planting, move it to the field planting plate, the spacing between the field planting rows is 25cm×35cm, and put it into the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts the nutrient solution film cultivation technology. During the planting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution was controlled at 1.2-2.0. With the extension of the vegetable growth period, the EC gradually increased, and the pH was 6.0-7.0. The temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22°C, the dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L, the ambient temperature is 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO 2 concentration is 1000ppm. The light intensity was set to 100-400 μmol/㎡·s, and the photoperiod was 7-15 h/d. The adoption of the technology can promote the method of additive breeding of leafy vegetables, can promote leafy vegetables to enter the flowering stage earlier, shorten the breeding time of one generation, and thus shorten the breeding cycle.
下面以具体实施案例对本发明所提供的技术方案进行详细描述。The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with specific implementation examples.
实施案例1 Implementation Case 1
将绿碟生菜浸种后，播到海绵方块中，每穴1粒，后放到23℃催芽箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，移到水培营养液中进行育苗管理，营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，直至培育到4-5片真叶。挑选整齐一致的，具备4-5片真叶的幼苗移栽定植到定植板上，定植行间距25cm×35cm，并放到营养液槽中进行培养，采用营养液膜水培技术，营养液EC控制在1.5-1.8mS/cm之间，pH为6.0-7.0，同时整个定植期间，营养液温度控制在21℃，溶氧量为5-6mg/L，环境温度条件为白天21℃，夜间为18℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm。光源以荧光灯为对照例1，并设置另外5种对照例和6种实施例光谱，光强为220μmol·m -2·s -1，光周期为11h/d。按照上述栽培方法对绿碟生菜进行培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，统计各个实施例和对照例的开花时间(定植后天数)和一代时间(从定植到种子成熟周期)。实验结果如表1所示： After soaking the green dish lettuce, sow it into sponge cubes, 1 grain per hole, and then put it in a 23 ℃ germination box for germination. After the seeds are white, move them to a hydroponic nutrient solution for seedling management. 0.8-1.2 mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0, until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated. Select neat and consistent seedlings with 4-5 true leaves and transplant them to the planting plate with a spacing of 25cm × 35cm, and put them in a nutrient solution tank for cultivation. Controlled between 1.5-1.8mS/cm, pH of 6.0-7.0, and during the whole planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution was controlled at 21°C, the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L, and the ambient temperature was 21°C during the day and 21°C at night. 18°C, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm. The light source was a fluorescent lamp as control example 1, and another 5 kinds of control examples and 6 kinds of example spectra were set, the light intensity was 220 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , and the photoperiod was 11h/d. The green dish lettuce was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as the respective examples and control examples, and the flowering time (days after colonization) and generation time (from colonization to seed maturity period) of each embodiment and control example were counted. The experimental results are shown in Table 1:
表1Table 1
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000002
实验结果表明：与6个对照例相比，采取实施例1-6光源方案大幅度提早了绿碟生菜的开花时间，缩短了一代育种时间，从而加速了育种周期。The experimental results showed that compared with the 6 control examples, the light source scheme of Examples 1-6 greatly shortened the flowering time of green dish lettuce, shortened the breeding time of the first generation, and thus accelerated the breeding cycle.
实施案例2Implementation case 2
将白美人白梗小白菜浸种后，播到海绵方块中，每穴1粒，后放到23℃催芽箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，移到水培营养液中进行育苗管理，营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，直至培育到4-5片真叶。挑选整齐一致的，具备4-5片真叶的幼苗移栽定植到定植板上，定植行间距25cm×35cm，并放到营养液槽中进行培养，采用营养液膜水培技术，营养液EC控制在1.5-1.8mS/cm之间，pH为6.0-7.0，同时整个定植期间，营养液温度控制在21℃，溶氧量为5-6mg/L，环境温度条件为白天21℃，夜间为18℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm。光源以荧光灯为对照例1，并设置另外5种对照例和6种实施例光谱，光强为250μmol·m -2·s -1，光周期为13.5h/d。按照上述栽培方法对白梗小白菜进行培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，统计各个实施例和对照例的开花时间(定植后天数)和一代时间(从定植到种子成熟周期)。实验结果如表1所示： After soaking the white cabbage seeds, sow them into sponge cubes, 1 grain per hole, and then put them in a 23°C germination box for germination. After the seeds are white, move them to a hydroponic nutrient solution for seedling management. The EC value is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0 until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated. Select neat and consistent seedlings with 4-5 true leaves and transplant them to the planting plate with a spacing of 25cm × 35cm, and put them in a nutrient solution tank for cultivation. Controlled between 1.5-1.8mS/cm, pH of 6.0-7.0, and during the whole planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution was controlled at 21°C, the dissolved oxygen content was 5-6mg/L, and the ambient temperature was 21°C during the day and 21°C at night. 18°C, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 1000ppm. The light source was a fluorescent lamp as control example 1, and another 5 kinds of control examples and 6 kinds of example spectra were set, the light intensity was 250 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , and the photoperiod was 13.5h/d. According to the above-mentioned cultivation method, cabbage with white stems is cultivated, and the light source parameters are used as each embodiment and control example, and the flowering time (days after field planting) and generation time (from field planting to seed maturity period) of each embodiment and control example are counted. The experimental results are shown in Table 1:
表2Table 2
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021105229-appb-000003
实验结果表明：与6个对照例相比，采取实施例1-6光源方案大幅度提早了白美人白梗小白菜的开花时间，缩短了一代育种时间，从而加速了育种周期。The experimental results show that compared with the 6 control examples, the light source scheme of Examples 1-6 greatly shortens the flowering time of Pakchoi chinensis, shortens the breeding time of the first generation, and thus accelerates the breeding cycle.
尽管已经对上述各实施例进行了描述，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改，所以以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。Although the above embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept, so the above is only the implementation of the present invention For example, it does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are similarly included in this document. The invention is within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，叶菜类蔬菜生长发育过程中时，所用光源光谱含有远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)，调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数比例控制在1.7-3.3。A method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables, characterized in that, during the growth and development of leafy vegetables, the light source spectrum used contains far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm), and adjusting In the spectrum, the photon number ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) is controlled at 1.7-3.3.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，所述光谱组成为：蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为6％-10％、绿光(500-599nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为15-27％、红光(600-699nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为46-59％、远红光(700-780nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为16-21％。A kind of method for accelerating leafy vegetables vegetative growth to reproductive growth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described spectral composition is: the ratio of the photon number of blue light (400-499nm) accounts for the whole photon number is 6%- 10%, the number of photons of green light (500-599nm) accounts for 15-27% of the total number of photons, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, far-red light (700-780nm) photon number accounts for 16-21% of the whole photon number.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，育苗期营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，生长发育期营养液EC值为1.2-2.0，pH为6.0-7.0，且随着蔬菜从营养生长到生殖生长期间，EC逐渐增高；营养液温度为20-22℃，溶氧量为5-6mg/L。A kind of method for accelerating leafy vegetables vegetative growth to reproductive growth according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, when leafy vegetables are cultivated, the nutrient solution EC value in the seedling stage is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, and the pH is 0.8-1.2mS/cm. 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution during the growth and development period is 1.2-2.0, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and as the vegetables go from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, the EC gradually increases; the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 ℃, the dissolved oxygen content 5-6mg/L.
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，环境温度条件为白天20-23℃，夜间为18-20℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm，光强为100-400μmol/㎡·s，光周期为7-15h/d。 A method for accelerating leafy vegetables from vegetative growth to reproductive growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, and the air humidity is 60-70°C %, the CO 2 concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is 100-400μmol/㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
  5. 一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A method for accelerating the vegetative growth of leafy vegetables to reproductive growth, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
    (1)种子处理：先将种子进行清水浸种后，播到海绵方块中，每穴1粒，并置于催芽箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，进行育苗处理；(1) Seed treatment: after soaking the seeds in water first, sow them into sponge cubes, 1 per hole, and place them in a germination box for germination, and after the seeds are white, carry out seedling treatment;
    (2)育苗：育苗处理期间营养液EC值为0.8-1.2mS/cm，pH为6.0-7.0，待蔬菜长至4-5片真叶时，进行栽培定植；(2) Seedling raising: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0. When the vegetables grow to 4-5 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
    (3)定植：将蔬菜移到定植板上，并放入营养液槽中进行培养，营养液采用营养液膜栽培技术，整个定植期间，营养液EC值控制在1.2-2.0，pH为 6.0-7.0，且期间是随着蔬菜生长期的延长，EC逐渐增高；并且整个定植期间，调整光谱中远红光(700-780nm)和蓝光(400-499nm)比例的光量子比例控制在1.7-3.3。(3) Colonization: move the vegetables to the colonization plate and put them into the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient solution adopts the nutrient solution film cultivation technology. 7.0, and the period is that with the prolongation of vegetable growth period, the EC gradually increases; and throughout the colonization period, the ratio of light quantum to adjust the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled at 1.7-3.3.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，所述定植期间光谱组成为：蓝光(400-499nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为6％-10％、绿光(500-599nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为15-27％、红光(600-699nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为46-59％、远红光(700-780nm)的光量子数占整个光量子数的比例为16-21％。A kind of method for accelerating leafy vegetables vegetative growth to reproductive growth according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the spectral composition during described planting is: the ratio of the photon number of blue light (400-499nm) to the whole photon number is 6 %-10%, the number of photons of green light (500-599nm) accounts for 15-27% of the total number of photons, the number of photons of red light (600-699nm) accounts for 46-59% of the total number of photons, far The photon number of red light (700-780nm) accounts for 16-21% of the whole photon number.
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述一种加速叶菜类蔬菜营养生长到生殖生长的方法，其特征在于，叶菜类蔬菜栽培时，环境温度条件为白天20-23℃，夜间为18-20℃，空气湿度为60-70％，CO 2浓度为1000ppm，光强设置为100-400μmol/㎡·s，光周期为7-15h/d。 A method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, when the leafy vegetables are cultivated, the ambient temperature conditions are 20-23° C. during the day and 18-20° C. at night. , the air humidity is 60-70%, the CO 2 concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to 100-400 μmol/㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 7-15h/d.
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