WO2022047937A1 - 直线电机 - Google Patents

直线电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022047937A1
WO2022047937A1 PCT/CN2020/123392 CN2020123392W WO2022047937A1 WO 2022047937 A1 WO2022047937 A1 WO 2022047937A1 CN 2020123392 W CN2020123392 W CN 2020123392W WO 2022047937 A1 WO2022047937 A1 WO 2022047937A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetic steel
coil
assembly
sliding seat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/123392
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史卫领
郭顺
王洪兴
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
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Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2022047937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022047937A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/22—Optical devices

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of linear motors, in particular to a linear motor applied to portable consumer electronic products.
  • linear motors are generally used for system feedback, such as mobile phones. Call prompts, information prompts, navigation prompts, vibration feedback from game consoles, etc.
  • the linear motor of the related art includes a base, a cover plate which is covered on the base and forms a sliding connection, a stator fixed on the base, and a mover fixed on the cover plate, and the stator includes a cover fixed on the base.
  • the magnetic yoke of the base and the magnetic steel installed on the magnetic yoke, the magnetic steel includes a plurality of and arranged in an array along the linear sliding direction of the cover plate, wherein a single magnetic steel acts as the stator of a magnetic pole.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a linear motor with high thrust density and excellent motion performance.
  • the present invention provides a linear motor, which comprises a base, a sliding seat covered on the base, a first sliding rail fixed on one end of the base close to the sliding seat, the sliding seat and a second sliding rail in sliding connection with the first sliding rail and a magnetic assembly and a coil assembly, the magnetic assembly interacting with the coil assembly to drive the sliding seat relative to the base linear motion;
  • the base includes a base bottom plate, a first side wall and a second side wall which are bent and extended from the base bottom plate and are arranged at a relative interval, and are bent from the first side wall to the second side wall an extended support plate, the first slide rail includes two and is respectively fixed to the first side wall and the second side wall;
  • the sliding seat includes a sliding seat plate which is respectively covered on the first side wall and the second side wall and fixed with the second sliding rail, and a sliding seat plate is close to the second side wall by the sliding seat plate.
  • the magnetic components and the coil components each include two, the magnetic components and the coil components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the magnetic components and the coil components that are arranged corresponding to each other are facing each other and are arranged at intervals and together form a a driving mechanism; the two magnetic assemblies are respectively fixed on the base bottom plate and the support plate, the two coil assemblies are respectively fixed on the second wall, or the two magnetic assemblies are respectively fixed on the the second wall, the two coil assemblies are respectively fixed on the base bottom plate and the support plate;
  • the magnetic component includes a magnetic yoke and a magnetic steel component fixed to the magnetic yoke, and the magnetic steel component includes at least two groups and is spaced apart from each other;
  • Each of the magnetic steel components includes a first magnetic steel and two second magnetic steels arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the first magnetic steel, and the second magnetic steels are arranged obliquely with respect to the first magnetic steel, And the angle between the second magnetic steel and the first magnetic steel is 90° ⁇ 180°; the magnetization of the first magnetic steel and the second magnetic steel of the same magnetic steel assembly The directions are all towards the coil assembly, and the polarity of the two second magnetic steels on the side close to the coil assembly is the same as the polarity of the first magnet steel on the side close to the coil assembly; Set the polarity of the magnet assembly in reverse.
  • the magnetic steel assembly is embedded and fixed inside the magnetic yoke.
  • the magnetic yoke is provided with a through hole portion matched with the magnetic steel assembly; each of the through hole portion includes a first through hole and two second through holes arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the first through hole Two through-holes, the first through-hole and the second through-hole both extend parallel to the sliding seat and perpendicular to the linear movement direction of the sliding seat, and the first magnetic steel is inserted and fixed to the sliding seat. In the first through hole, the two second magnetic steels are respectively inserted and fixed in the two second through holes.
  • the yokes of the two magnetic assemblies are respectively fixed to the second wall, and the yokes of the two magnetic assemblies are integrally formed.
  • each of the magnetic steel components further includes a third magnetic steel fixed to the magnetic yoke, the third magnetic steel is located between the two second magnetic steels and is connected with the two second magnetic steels
  • the steels are arranged at intervals, and the third magnetic steel and the first magnetic steel face each other and are arranged at intervals; the angle between the third magnetic steel and the second magnetic steel is 0° ⁇ 90°
  • the magnetization direction of the third magnetic steel is toward the coil assembly, and the polarity of the third magnetic steel of the same magnetic steel assembly close to the coil assembly is the same as the polarity of the first magnetic steel close to the coil assembly of the same polarity.
  • each of the coil components includes an iron core plate, a plurality of mutually spaced iron core comb teeth extending from the iron core plate toward the magnetic assembly, and a plurality of iron core comb teeth respectively wound around and fixed to the iron core comb teeth
  • a plurality of coils, the iron core plate is fixed on the base or the sliding seat.
  • each of the coil assemblies further includes two iron core baffles that are respectively bent and extended toward the magnetic assembly from opposite ends of the iron core plate along the linear movement direction of the sliding seat.
  • the iron core comb teeth and the coil are located between the two iron core baffles.
  • the orthographic projection of the coil assembly to the magnetic assembly along the linear motion direction perpendicular to the sliding seat completely falls within the magnetic assembly.
  • the iron core plates of the two coil assemblies are respectively fixed to the second wall, and the iron core plates of the two coil assemblies are integrally formed.
  • the linear motor further includes a read head and a grating ruler that are opposite to each other and spaced apart, one of the read head and the grating ruler is fixed on the base, and the other is fixed on the sliding seat .
  • one of the first magnetic steel and the two second magnetic steels are combined together to form a "U"-shaped magnetic pole.
  • the volume of a single magnetic pole is effectively increased, so that the magnetic field generated by a single magnetic pole is stronger, so that the magnetic assembly and the coil are A greater interaction force is generated between the components, which effectively increases the thrust to the sliding seat, improves the thrust density of the linear motor, and makes the motor performance of the linear motor better.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of Embodiment 1 of the linear motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of another angle of Embodiment 1 of the linear motor of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 1 of the linear motor of the present invention
  • Embodiment 1 of the magnetic assembly of the present invention is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of Embodiment 1 of the magnetic assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the magnetic assembly of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the part shown in B in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the second embodiment of the linear motor of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3 of the linear motor of the present invention is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of Embodiment 3 of the linear motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 9 .
  • the present invention provides a linear motor 100 , which includes a base 1 , a sliding seat 2 , a first sliding rail 3 , a second sliding rail 4 , a magnetic assembly 5 , and a coil assembly 6 .
  • the sliding seat 2 is covered on the base 1 and forms a receiving space together.
  • the base 1 includes a base bottom plate 11 , a first side wall 12 and a second side wall 13 which are bent and extended from the base bottom plate 11 and are arranged at a relative interval, and a first side wall 12 and a second side wall 13 extend from the base bottom plate 11 to the The second side wall 13 bends and extends the supporting plate 14 .
  • the sliding seat 2 includes a sliding seat plate 21 which is respectively covered on the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 13 and fixed with the second sliding rail 4 .
  • One side of the second side wall 13 is bent and extended toward the base bottom plate 11 and the first wall 22 is spaced from the second side wall 13 , and the first wall 22 is bent toward the first side wall 12 from the first wall 22 .
  • the second wall 23 is folded and extended, the support plate 14 is located between the sliding seat plate 21 and the base bottom plate 11 , and the second wall 23 extends to the base bottom plate 11 and the support plate 14 between.
  • the first sliding rail 3 is fixed on one end of the base 1 close to the sliding seat 2 .
  • the first sliding rail 3 includes two, and the two first sliding rails 3 are respectively fixed to the One end of the first side wall 12 is close to the sliding seat plate 21 and one end of the second side wall 13 is close to the sliding seat 2 .
  • the second sliding rail 4 is fixed on the sliding seat 2 .
  • the second sliding rail 4 includes two second sliding rails 4 , and the two second sliding rails 4 are fixed on opposite sides of the sliding seat plate 21 .
  • the two second sliding rails 4 are respectively slidably connected with the two first sliding rails 3 , so that the sliding seat 2 can slide relative to the base 1 .
  • the magnetic components 5 and the coil components 6 each include two.
  • the magnetic components 5 and the coil components 6 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. They are spaced apart and together form a drive mechanism 10 .
  • the specific positions of the magnetic component 5 and the coil component 6 are not limited, and they can be specifically set according to actual use requirements.
  • the two The magnetic components 5 are respectively fixed to the base bottom plate 11 and the support plate 14
  • the two coil components 6 are respectively fixed to the second wall 23 .
  • the magnetic assembly 5 is fixed on the base 1
  • the coil assembly 6 is fixed on the sliding seat 2 .
  • the magnetic assembly 5 interacts with the coil assembly 6 to drive the carriage 2 to move in a straight line relative to the base 1 , which can also be understood as driving the base 1 to move in a straight line relative to the carriage 2 sports.
  • the positions of the magnetic assembly 5 and the coil assembly 6 can be interchanged, which is easy to think, and they are substantially the same.
  • the magnetic assembly 5 includes a magnetic yoke 51 and at least two sets of magnetic steel assemblies 52 fixed to the magnetic yoke 51 and spaced apart from each other.
  • the specific number of the magnetic steel components 52 can be specifically set according to the actual needs of use; while the polarities of the adjacent two sets of the magnetic steel components 52 are set in opposite directions, for example, phase When one of the two adjacent magnetic steel assemblies 52 is close to the magnetic pole of the coil assembly 6 , the other one of the adjacent two adjacent magnetic steel assemblies 52 is close to the magnetic pole of the coil assembly 6 .
  • the magnetic pole is the S pole.
  • the magnetic steel assembly 52 includes a first magnetic steel 521 and two second magnetic steels 522 disposed on opposite sides of the first magnetic steel 521 at intervals.
  • the second magnetic steel 522 is inclined relative to the first magnetic steel 521 , and the included angle between the second magnetic steel 522 and the first magnetic steel 521 The angle of ⁇ is 90° ⁇ 180°.
  • one of the first magnetic steel 521 and the two second magnetic steels 522 are combined to form a “U”-shaped magnetic pole; and the same magnetic steel assembly
  • the magnetization directions of the first magnetic steel 521 and the second magnetic steel 522 of The polarity of the first magnetic steel 521 close to the coil assembly 6 is the same.
  • the magnetic pole of the first magnetic steel 521 close to the coil assembly 6 is the N pole, it is the same as the first magnetic steel.
  • the magnetic poles of the two second magnetic steels 522 matched with the coil assembly 6 are also N-poles.
  • the "U"-shaped magnetic poles formed by the magnetic steel components 52 are N-poles.
  • the coil assembly 6 includes an iron core plate 61, a plurality of iron core comb teeth 62 extending from the iron core plate 61 to the direction of the magnetic assembly 5 and arranged at intervals, and the iron core comb teeth 62 are respectively wound around and fixed to the iron core comb teeth.
  • a plurality of coils 63 of 62 , a plurality of the iron core comb teeth 6 are arranged along the moving direction of the coil assembly 6 .
  • the coil assembly 6 generates a traveling wave magnetic field, and the traveling wave magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic assembly 5 to generate thrust, thereby driving the sliding seat 2 to perform linear motion relative to the base 1, or driving the The base 1 moves linearly relative to the sliding seat 2 .
  • the coil assembly 6 further includes two iron core baffles that are respectively bent and extended toward the magnetic assembly 5 from opposite ends of the iron core plate 61 along the linear movement direction of the sliding seat 2 . 64.
  • the iron core comb teeth 62 and the coil 63 are located between the two iron core baffles 63. This structure effectively prevents the leakage of part of the traveling wave magnetic field and sends it to the magnetic assembly 5 boot, thereby increasing drive performance.
  • the coil assembly 6 moves to the positive direction of the magnetic assembly 5 along the linear movement direction of the sliding seat 2 .
  • the projection completely falls within the range of the magnetic assembly 5 , so that the coil assembly 6 and the magnetic assembly 5 are always arranged in front of each other, which prevents the coil assembly 6 from sliding to the magnetic assembly 5 to cover Out of the range, the interaction force between the two is reduced, which effectively ensures that sufficient thrust is generated to push the sliding seat 2 to move in a straight line.
  • the iron core plates 61 of the two coil assemblies 6 are respectively fixed to the second wall 23 , and the two coil assemblies 6 may be of a one-piece structure or a separate structure.
  • the iron core plates 61 of the two coil assemblies 6 are integrally formed, that is, the two coil assemblies 6 share the same iron core plate 61, The coil assemblies of the two coil assemblies 6 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the iron core plate 61 .
  • one of the first magnetic steel 521 and two of the second magnetic steels 522 are combined together to form a "U"-shaped magnetic pole.
  • the matching arrangement of the magnetic steel 521 and the two second magnetic steels 522 effectively increases the volume of a single magnetic pole, so that the magnetic field generated by the single magnetic pole is stronger, so that the magnetic component 5 and the coil component 6 are connected.
  • a larger interaction force is generated between the two, which effectively increases the thrust to the sliding seat 2 and increases the thrust density of the linear motor 100 , so that the motion performance of the linear motor 100 is better.
  • the magnetic steel assembly 52 is embedded and fixed inside the magnetic yoke 51 , so that the magnetic yoke 51 acts as a magnetic conductive plate structure of the magnetic steel assembly 52 ,
  • the magnetic force lines of the steel assembly 52 are more concentrated, which effectively improves the magnetic performance of the magnetic assembly 5 at the position where the magnetic steel assembly 52 is arranged, that is, effectively improves the magnetic field strength of each "U"-shaped magnetic pole, and further improves the magnetic assembly 5 .
  • the interaction force with the coil assembly 6 can better improve the thrust to the sliding seat 2 .
  • the magnetic yoke 51 is provided with a through hole portion 510 matched with the magnetic steel assembly 52 .
  • Each of the through-hole portions 510 includes a first through-hole 5101 and two second through-holes 5102 disposed on opposite sides of the first through-hole 5101 at intervals.
  • the first through-hole 5101 and the second through-hole 5102 The holes 5102 all extend along the linear movement direction parallel to the sliding seat 2 and perpendicular to the sliding seat 2 , the first magnetic steel 521 is inserted and fixed in the first through hole 5101 , and the two second The magnetic steels 522 are respectively inserted and fixed in the two second through holes 5102 .
  • the yoke 51 and the magnetic steel assembly 52 are formed into an integral structure, which saves the process of assembling the magnetic yoke 51 and the magnetic steel assembly 52, reduces the difficulty of assembly, and improves the assembly efficiency. At the same time improve the fixed reliability of both.
  • the linear motor 100 further includes a read head 7 and a grating ruler 8 that are opposite to each other and spaced apart.
  • One of the read head 7 and the grating ruler 8 is fixed on the base 1, and the other is fixed on the base 1. Describe the slide 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the second embodiment of the linear motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional schematic view of another embodiment derived from the structure shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the linear motor 100a of the second embodiment is basically the same as the linear motor of the first embodiment, and the same parts of the two will not be repeated one by one, but the main difference between the two is that each magnetic steel assembly of the second embodiment adds a third Magnetic steel, the specific settings of the third magnetic steel of Embodiment 2 are described below:
  • each magnetic steel assembly 52 further includes a third magnetic steel 523 fixed to the magnetic yoke 51 , and the third magnetic steel 523 is located on the two second magnetic steels 522 The two second magnets 522 are spaced apart from each other.
  • the third magnetic steel 523 and the first magnetic steel 521 face each other and are arranged at intervals; the angle between the third magnetic steel 523 and the second magnetic steel 522 is 0° ⁇ 90°
  • a first magnetic steel 521, two second magnetic steels 522 and a third magnetic steel 523 are combined together to form a magnetic pole with an inverted trapezoidal structure, that is, by adding a third magnetic steel 523, the original
  • the magnetic poles in the "U" shape are turned into the magnetic poles in the inverted trapezoidal structure.
  • the magnetization direction of the third magnetic steel 523 is toward the coil assembly, and the polarity of the third magnetic steel 523 close to the coil assembly 6 is the same as the polarity of the first magnetic steel 521 close to the coil assembly.
  • the magnetic pole is the N pole
  • the magnetic pole of the third magnetic steel 523 close to the coil assembly is also the N pole.
  • the overall magnetic field strength of the magnetic steel assembly 52 is more effectively enhanced, the interaction force generated between the magnetic assembly 5 and the coil assembly is further improved, and the thrust to the sliding seat is more effectively improved .
  • the linear motor 100b of the third embodiment of the present invention is another modification of the first embodiment.
  • the linear motor 100b of the third embodiment is basically the same as the linear motor of the first embodiment. The same parts will not be repeated one by one, and the main difference between the two is that the positions of the magnetic components and the coil components are different.
  • the specific location settings of the magnetic components and the coil components in Embodiment 3 are described below:
  • the two magnetic assemblies 5b are respectively fixed to the second wall 23b, and the two coil assemblies 6b are respectively fixed to the base bottom plate 11b and the support plate 14b. At this time, the yokes 51b of the two magnetic assemblies 5b are respectively fixed to the second wall 23b.
  • the yokes 51b of the two magnetic assemblies 5b together form an integral structure, and at this time, the two magnetic assemblies 5b share one magnetic yoke 51b.
  • each magnetic steel component 52b and each coil component 6b is the same as the corresponding relationship between each magnetic steel component and each coil component in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • one of the first magnetic steel and the two second magnetic steels are combined together to form a "U"-shaped magnetic pole.
  • the volume of a single magnetic pole is effectively increased, so that the magnetic field generated by a single magnetic pole is stronger, so that the magnetic assembly and the coil are A greater interaction force is generated between the components, which effectively increases the thrust to the sliding seat, improves the thrust density of the linear motor, and makes the motion performance of the linear motor better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种直线电机（100），其包括基座（1）、滑座（2）、磁性组件（5）和线圈组件（6）；基座（1）包括基座底板（11）、第一侧壁（12）、第二侧壁（13）和支撑板（14）；滑座（2）包括滑座板（21）、第一壁（22）和第二壁（23）；磁性组件（5）和线圈组件（6）均包括两个，磁性组件（5）和线圈组件（6）一一对应设置，相互对应设置的磁性组件（5）和线圈组件（6）共同形成一个驱动机构；在同一个驱动机构中，磁性组件（5）包括磁轭（51）和固定于磁轭（51）的至少两组磁钢组件（52）；每一磁钢组件（52）包括第一磁钢（521）和设置于第一磁钢（521）两侧的两个第二磁钢（522），且第一磁钢（521）、第二磁钢（522）之间夹角的角度为90°～180°；第一磁钢（521）、第二磁钢（522）靠近线圈组件（6）一侧的极性相同；相邻近两组磁钢组件（52）的极性反向设置。与相关技术比，该直线电机（100）推力密度高、运动性能优。

Description

直线电机 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种直线电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用于便携式消费性电子产品的直线电机。
 背景技术
随着电子技术的发展，便携式消费性电子产品越来越受人们的追捧，如手机、掌上游戏机、导航装置或掌上多媒体娱乐设备等，一般都会用到直线电机来做***反馈，比如手机的来电提示、信息提示、导航提示、游戏机的振动反馈等。
 技术问题
相关技术的直线电机包括基座、盖设于所述基座并形成滑动连接的盖板、固定于所述基座的定子及固定于所述盖板的动子，所述定子包括固定于所述基座的磁轭以及安装于所述磁轭的磁钢，所述磁钢包括多个且沿所述盖板的直线滑动方向阵列排布，其中，通过单个所述磁钢充当所述定子的一个磁极。
然而，相关技术中，由于一个磁极仅由单块的所述磁钢构成，而所述磁钢的体积是有限的，使得定子产生的磁场较弱，定子与动子之间所产生的相互作用力较小，导致动子对盖板产生的推力有限，直线电机推力密度相对较低。
因此，有必要提供一种新的直线电机解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种直线电机，其推力密度高、运动性能优。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供一种直线电机，其包括基座、盖设于所述基座的滑座、固定于所述基座靠近所述滑座一端的第一滑轨、固定于所述滑座并与所述第一滑轨形成滑动连接的第二滑轨以及磁性组件和线圈组件，所述磁性组件与所述线圈组件相互作用以驱动所述滑座相对于所述基座直线运动；
所述基座包括基座底板、由所述基座底板弯折延伸且相对间隔设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁、以及由所述第一侧壁向所述第二侧壁弯折延伸的支撑板，所述第一滑轨包括两个且分别固定于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁；
所述滑座包括分别盖设于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁且与所述第二滑轨固定的滑座板、由所述滑座板靠近所述第二侧壁一侧向所述基座底板弯折延伸且与所述第二侧壁间隔的第一壁以及由所述第一壁向所述第一侧壁弯折延伸的第二壁，所述第二壁延伸至所述基座底板和所述支撑板之间；
所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件均包括两个，所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件一一对应设置，相互对应设置的所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件正对且间隔设置并共同形成一个驱动机构；两个所述磁性组件分别固定于所述基座底板和所述支撑板，两个所述线圈组件分别固定于所述第二壁，或者，两个所述磁性组件分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述线圈组件分别固定于所述基座底板和所述支撑板；
在同一个所述驱动机构中：
所述磁性组件包括磁轭以及固定于所述磁轭的磁钢组件，所述磁钢组件包括至少两组且相互间隔设置；
每一所述磁钢组件包括第一磁钢以及间隔设置于所述第一磁钢相对两侧的两个第二磁钢，所述第二磁钢相对于所述第一磁钢倾斜设置，且所述第二磁钢与所述第一磁钢之间夹角的角度为90°~180°；同一所述磁钢组件的所述第一磁钢及所述第二磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述线圈组件，且两个所述第二磁钢靠近所述线圈组件一侧的极性与所述第一磁钢靠近所述线圈组件一侧的极性相同；相邻近两组所述磁钢组件的极性反向设置。
优选的，所述磁钢组件嵌设固定于所述磁轭内部。
优选的，所述磁轭设有与所述磁钢组件匹配的通孔部；每一所述通孔部包括第一通孔以及间隔设置于所述第一通孔相对两侧的两个第二通孔，所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔均沿平行于所述滑座且垂直于所述滑座的直线运动方向延伸，所述第一磁钢插设固定于所述第一通孔，两个所述第二磁钢分别插设固定于两个所述第二通孔。
优选的，两个所述磁性组件的磁轭分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述磁性组件的磁轭为一体成型结构。
优选的，每一所述磁钢组件还包括固定于所述磁轭的第三磁钢，所述第三磁钢位于两个所述第二磁钢之间且与两个所述第二磁钢相互间隔设置，所述第三磁钢与所述第一磁钢相互正对且间隔设置；所述第三磁钢与所述第二磁钢之间夹角的角度为0°~90°；所述第三磁钢的充磁方向朝向所述线圈组件，同一所述磁钢组件的所述第三磁钢靠近所述线圈组件的极性与所述第一磁钢靠近所述线圈组件的极性相同。
优选的，每一所述线圈组件包括铁芯板、由的述铁芯板向所述磁性组件方向延伸的多个相互间隔设置的铁芯梳齿以及分别绕设固定于所述铁芯梳齿的多个线圈，所述铁芯板固定于所述基座或所述滑座。
优选的，每一所述线圈组件还包括由所述铁芯板沿所述滑座的直线运动方向的相对两端分别向所述磁性组件方向弯折延伸的两个铁芯挡板，所述铁芯梳齿及所述线圈位于两个所述铁芯挡板之间。
优选的，在同一个所述驱动机构中，所述线圈组件沿垂直所述滑座的直线运动方向向所述磁性组件的正投影完全落在所述磁性组件内。
优选的，两个所述线圈组件的铁芯板分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述线圈组件的铁芯板为一体成型结构。
优选的，所述直线电机还包括相互正对且间隔设置的读头和光栅尺，所述读头和所述光栅尺的其中一个固定于所述基座，其中另一个固定于所述滑座。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的直线电机中，在一个所述磁钢组件中，一个所述第一磁钢和两个所述第二磁钢共同组合形成一个呈“U”型的磁极，通过所述第一磁钢和两个所述第二磁钢的配合设置，有效地增大了单个磁极的体积，使得单个磁极产生的磁场更强，从而使得所述磁性组件与所述线圈组件之间产生更大的相互作用力，有效地提高对滑座的推力，提高直线电机推力密度，使得直线电机的机动性能更优。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型直线电机实施方式一的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型直线电机实施方式一另一角度的立体结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型直线电机实施方式一的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图4为本实用新型磁性组件实施方式一的立体结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型磁性组件实施方式一的立体结构分解示意图；
图6为沿图2中A-A线的剖示图；
图7为图6 中B所示部分的局部放大图；
图8为本实用新型直线电机实施方式二的部分结构的截面图；
图9为本实用新型直线电机实施方式三的立体结构示意图；
图10为沿图9中C-C线的剖示图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
实施方式一
请同时在图1-7所示，本实用新型提供一种直线电机100，其包括基座1、滑座2、第一滑轨3、第二滑轨4、磁性组件5、线圈组件6。
所述滑座2盖设于所述基座1并共同形成收容空间。
所述基座1包括基座底板11、由所述基座底板11弯折延伸且相对间隔设置的第一侧壁12和第二侧壁13、以及由所述第一侧壁12向所述第二侧壁13弯折延伸的支撑板14。
所述滑座2包括分别盖设于所述第一侧壁12和所述第二侧壁13且与所述第二滑轨4固定的滑座板21、由所述滑座板21靠近所述第二侧壁13一侧向所述基座底板11弯折延伸且与所述第二侧壁13间隔的第一壁22以及由所述第一壁22向所述第一侧壁12弯折延伸的第二壁23，所述支撑板14位于所述滑座板21和所述基座底板11之间，所述第二壁23延伸至所述基座底板11和所述支撑板14之间。
所述第一滑轨3固定于所述基座1靠近所述滑座2一端，具体的，所述第一滑轨3包括两个，两个所述第一滑轨3分别固定于所述第一侧壁12靠近所述滑座板21一端和所述第二侧壁13靠近所述滑座2一端。
所述第二滑轨4固定于所述滑座2，具体的，所述第二滑轨4包括两个，两个所述第二滑轨4固定于所述滑座板21的相对两侧，且两个所述第二滑轨4分别与两个所述第一滑轨3形成滑动连接，从而使得所述滑座2可相对于所述基座1滑动。
所述磁性组件5和所述线圈组件6均包括两个，所述磁性组件5和所述线圈组件6一一对应设置，相互对应设置的所述磁性组件5和所述线圈组件6正对且间隔设置并共同形成一个驱动机构10。
值得一提的是，所述磁性组件5和所述线圈组件6具体设置的位置是不限的，其可以根据实际使用的需求来进行具体的设置，比如，在本实施方式一中，两个所述磁性组件5分别固定于所述基座底板11和所述支撑板14，两个所述线圈组件6分别固定于所述第二壁23。
所述磁性组件5固定于所述基座1，所述线圈组件6固定于所述滑座2。
所述磁性组件5与所述线圈组件6相互作用以驱动所述滑座2相对于所述基座1作直线运动，也可理解为驱动所述基座1相对于所述滑座2作直线运动。当然，在其他实施方式中，所述磁性组件5与所述线圈组件6的位置可互换，这是容易想到的，其实质性相同。
实施方式，所述磁性组件5包括磁轭51以及固定于所述磁轭51且相互间隔设置的至少两组的磁钢组件52。
值得一提的是，所述磁钢组件52的具体数量可以根据实际使用的需求进行具体的设置；而相邻近的两组所述磁钢组件52的的极性反向设置，比如，相邻近的两个所述磁钢组件52的其中一个靠近所述线圈组件6的磁极为N极时，而相邻近的两个所述磁钢组件52的另外一个靠近所述线圈组件6的磁极则为S极。
在同一个所述驱动机构10中：
所述磁钢组件52包括第一磁钢521以及间隔设置于所述第一磁钢521相对两侧的两个第二磁钢522。
在同一个所述磁钢组件52中，所述第二磁钢522相对于所述第一磁钢521倾斜设置，且所述第二磁钢522与所述第一磁钢521之间夹角α的角度为90°~180°，实质上，一个所述第一磁钢521和两个所述第二磁钢522共同组合形成一个呈“U”型的磁极；而同一所述磁钢组件52的所述第一磁钢521及所述第二磁钢522的充磁方向均朝向所述线圈组件6，且两个所述第二磁钢522靠近所述线圈组件6一侧的极性与所述第一磁钢521靠近所述线圈组件6一侧的极性相同，比如，所述第一磁钢521靠近所述线圈组件6的磁极则为N极时，与该第一磁钢521配合的两个所述第二磁钢522靠近所述线圈组件6的磁极亦为N极，此时由该磁钢组件52构成的“U”型的磁极为N极。
所述线圈组件6包括铁芯板61、由的述铁芯板61向所述磁性组件5方向延伸的多个相互间隔设置的铁芯梳齿62以及分别绕设固定于所述铁芯梳齿62的多个线圈63，多个所述铁芯梳齿6沿所述线圈组件6的运动方向排布。
所述线圈组件6产生行波磁场，行波磁场与所述磁性组件5产生的磁场相互作用，产生推力，从而驱动所述滑座2相对于所述基座1进行直线运动，或者说驱动所述基座1相对于所述滑座2进行直线运动。
更优的，所述线圈组件6还包括由所述铁芯板61沿所述滑座2的直线运动方向的相对两端分别向所述磁性组件5方向弯折延伸的两个铁芯挡板64，所述铁芯梳齿62及所述线圈63位于两个所述铁芯挡板63之间，该结构有效的阻止了部分行波磁场的外泄，并将其向所述磁性组件5引导，从而增加了驱动性能。
为了保证所述滑座2滑动的可靠性，更优的，在同一个所述驱动机构10中，所述线圈组件6沿垂直所述滑座2的直线运动方向向所述磁性组件5的正投影完全落在所述磁性组件5的范围内，使得所述线圈组件6与所述磁性组件5始终正对设置，该设置避免了由于所述线圈组件6滑动至所述磁性组件5所能覆盖的范围外而导致两者之间的相互作用力减小，有效地保证产生足够的推力以推动所述滑座2作直线运动。
值得一提的是，两个所述线圈组件6的铁芯板61分别固定于所述第二壁23，而两个所述线圈组件6可以是一体结构，也可以是分体结构，而为了方便两个所述驱动机构10的装配，更优的，两个所述线圈组件6的铁芯板61为一体成型结构，即两个所述线圈组件6共用同一个所述铁芯板61，而两个所述线圈组件6的线圈组分别设置在所述铁芯板61的相对两侧。
上述结构中，在同一个所述磁钢组件52中，一个所述第一磁钢521和两个所述第二磁钢522共同组合形成一个呈“U”型的磁极，通过所述第一磁钢521和两个所述第二磁钢522的配合设置，有效地增大了单个磁极的体积，使得单个磁极产生的磁场更强，从而使得所述磁性组件5与所述线圈组件6之间产生更大的相互作用力，有效地提高对所述滑座2的推力，提高所述直线电机100推力密度，使得所述直线电机100的运动性能更优。
更优的，所述磁钢组件52嵌设固定于所述磁轭51内部，该设置，使得所述磁轭51充当所述磁钢组件52的导磁板结构，更优地使得所述磁钢组件52磁力线更加集中，有效提高所述磁性组件5设置所述磁钢组件52的位置的磁学性能，即有效地提高各“U”型的磁极的磁场强度，进一步提高所述磁性组件5与所述线圈组件6之间相互作用力，更好地提高对所述滑座2的推力。
进一步的，所述磁轭51设有与所述磁钢组件52匹配的通孔部510。
每一所述通孔部510包括第一通孔5101以及间隔设置于所述第一通孔5101相对两侧的两个第二通孔5102，所述第一通孔5101及所述第二通孔5102均沿平行于所述滑座2且垂直于所述滑座2的直线运动方向延伸，所述第一磁钢521插设固定于所述第一通孔5101，两个所述第二磁钢522分别插设固定于两个所述第二通孔5102。
更优的，使所述磁轭51与所述磁钢组件52为一体成型结构，省去了将所述磁轭51与所述磁钢组件52装配的工序，降低装配难度，提高装配效率，同时提高两者的固定可靠性。
所述直线电机100还包括相互正对且间隔设置的读头7和光栅尺8，所述读头7和所述光栅尺8的其中一个固定于所述基座1，其中另一个固定于所述滑座2。
实施方式二
请参阅图8所示，为本实用新型直线电机实施方式二的部分结构的截面图，该图8实质为由图7所示的结构所衍生的另一种实施方式的截面示意图。该实施方式二的直线电机100a与实施方式一的直线电机基本相同，对于两者相同部分不再一一赘述，而两者主要的区别点在于实施方式二的各磁钢组件增设了一个第三磁钢，下面展开说明实施方式二的第三磁钢的具体设置：
为了进一步提高各磁钢组件52整体的磁场强度，更优的，每一磁钢组件52还包括固定于磁轭51的第三磁钢523，第三磁钢523位于两个第二磁钢522之间且与两个第二磁钢522相互间隔设置。
在同一个磁钢组件52中，第三磁钢523与第一磁钢521相互正对且间隔设置；第三磁钢523与第二磁钢522之间夹角的角度为0°~90°，实质上，一个第一磁钢521、两个第二磁钢522和一个第三磁钢523共同组合形成一个呈倒梯形结构的磁极，即通过增设一个第三磁钢523的方式，使得原来呈“U”型的磁极转为呈倒梯形结构的磁极。
第三磁钢523的充磁方向朝向线圈组件，第三磁钢523靠近线圈组件6的极性与第一磁钢521靠近线圈组件的极性相同，比如，第一磁钢521靠近线圈组件的磁极则为N极时，第三磁钢523靠近线圈组件的磁极亦为N极。
通过第三磁钢523的设置，更有效地增强了磁钢组件52整体的磁场强度，更进一步地提高磁性组件5与线圈组件之间产生的相互作用力，更有效地提高对滑座的推力。
实施方式三
请参阅图9-10所示，本实用新型实施方式三的直线电机100b为实施方式一的另外一种变形，该实施方式三的直线电机100b与实施方式一的直线电机基本相同，对于两者相同部分不再一一赘述，而两者主要的区别点在于磁性组件和线圈组件设置的位置不同，下面展开说明实施方式三的磁性组件和线圈组件的具***置设置：
两个磁性组件5b分别固定于第二壁23b，两个线圈组件6b分别固定于基座底板11b和支撑板14b，此时，两个磁性组件5b的磁轭51b分别固定于第二壁23b。
更优的，为了装配方便，使两个磁性组件5b的磁轭51b共同构成一体成型结构，此时，两个磁性组件5b共用一个磁轭51b。
各磁钢组件52b与各线圈组件6b之间的对应关系与实施方式一的各磁钢组件与各线圈组件之间的对应关系是相同的，在此不再赘述。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的直线电机中，在一个所述磁钢组件中，一个所述第一磁钢和两个所述第二磁钢共同组合形成一个呈“U”型的磁极，通过所述第一磁钢和两个所述第二磁钢的配合设置，有效地增大了单个磁极的体积，使得单个磁极产生的磁场更强，从而使得所述磁性组件与所述线圈组件之间产生更大的相互作用力，有效地提高对滑座的推力，提高直线电机推力密度，使得直线电机的运动性能更优。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种直线电机，其包括基座、盖设于所述基座的滑座、固定于所述基座靠近所述滑座一端的第一滑轨、固定于所述滑座并与所述第一滑轨形成滑动连接的第二滑轨以及磁性组件和线圈组件，所述磁性组件与所述线圈组件相互作用以驱动所述滑座相对于所述基座直线运动，其特征在于，
    所述基座包括基座底板、由所述基座底板弯折延伸且相对间隔设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁、以及由所述第一侧壁向所述第二侧壁弯折延伸的支撑板，所述第一滑轨包括两个且分别固定于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁；
    所述滑座包括分别盖设于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁且与所述第二滑轨固定的滑座板、由所述滑座板靠近所述第二侧壁一侧向所述基座底板弯折延伸且与所述第二侧壁间隔的第一壁以及由所述第一壁向所述第一侧壁弯折延伸的第二壁，所述第二壁延伸至所述基座底板和所述支撑板之间；
    所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件均包括两个，所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件一一对应设置，相互对应设置的所述磁性组件和所述线圈组件正对且间隔设置并共同形成一个驱动机构；两个所述磁性组件分别固定于所述基座底板和所述支撑板，两个所述线圈组件分别固定于所述第二壁，或者，两个所述磁性组件分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述线圈组件分别固定于所述基座底板和所述支撑板；
    在同一个所述驱动机构中：
    所述磁性组件包括磁轭以及固定于所述磁轭的磁钢组件，所述磁钢组件包括至少两组且相互间隔设置；
    每一所述磁钢组件包括第一磁钢以及间隔设置于所述第一磁钢相对两侧的两个第二磁钢，所述第二磁钢相对于所述第一磁钢倾斜设置，且所述第二磁钢与所述第一磁钢之间夹角的角度为90 ~180 ；同一所述磁钢组件的所述第一磁钢及所述第二磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述线圈组件，且两个所述第二磁钢靠近所述线圈组件一侧的极性与所述第一磁钢靠近所述线圈组件一侧的极性相同；相邻近两组所述磁钢组件的极性反向设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢组件嵌设固定于所述磁轭内部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述磁轭设有与所述磁钢组件匹配的通孔部；每一所述通孔部包括第一通孔以及间隔设置于所述第一通孔相对两侧的两个第二通孔，所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔均沿平行于所述滑座且垂直于所述滑座的直线运动方向延伸，所述第一磁钢插设固定于所述第一通孔，两个所述第二磁钢分别插设固定于两个所述第二通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的直线电机，其特征在于，两个所述磁性组件的磁轭分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述磁性组件的磁轭为一体成型结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，每一所述磁钢组件还包括固定于所述磁轭的第三磁钢，所述第三磁钢位于两个所述第二磁钢之间且与两个所述第二磁钢相互间隔设置，所述第三磁钢与所述第一磁钢相互正对且间隔设置；所述第三磁钢与所述第二磁钢之间夹角的角度为0 ~90 ；所述第三磁钢的充磁方向朝向所述线圈组件，同一所述磁钢组件的所述第三磁钢靠近所述线圈组件的极性与所述第一磁钢靠近所述线圈组件的极性相同。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，每一所述线圈组件包括铁芯板、由的述铁芯板向所述磁性组件方向延伸的多个相互间隔设置的铁芯梳齿以及分别绕设固定于所述铁芯梳齿的多个线圈，所述铁芯板固定于所述基座或所述滑座。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的直线电机，其特征在于，每一所述线圈组件还包括由所述铁芯板沿所述滑座的直线运动方向的相对两端分别向所述磁性组件方向弯折延伸的两个铁芯挡板，所述铁芯梳齿及所述线圈位于两个所述铁芯挡板之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的直线电机，其特征在于，在同一个所述驱动机构中，所述线圈组件沿垂直所述滑座的直线运动方向向所述磁性组件的正投影完全落在所述磁性组件内。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的直线电机，其特征在于，两个所述线圈组件的铁芯板分别固定于所述第二壁，两个所述线圈组件的铁芯板为一体成型结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述直线电机还包括相互正对且间隔设置的读头和光栅尺，所述读头和所述光栅尺的其中一个固定于所述基座，其中另一个固定于所述滑座。
PCT/CN2020/123392 2020-09-01 2020-10-23 直线电机 WO2022047937A1 (zh)

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