WO2022028448A1 - Geometrical holographic display system with optimized display configuration - Google Patents
Geometrical holographic display system with optimized display configuration Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022028448A1 WO2022028448A1 PCT/CN2021/110462 CN2021110462W WO2022028448A1 WO 2022028448 A1 WO2022028448 A1 WO 2022028448A1 CN 2021110462 W CN2021110462 W CN 2021110462W WO 2022028448 A1 WO2022028448 A1 WO 2022028448A1
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- screen
- geometric holographic
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- geometric
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
- G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
Definitions
- the utility model relates to the field of 3D display, in particular to a geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration.
- 3D display technology has become very popular, and more and more research institutions have begun to invest in the research and development of 3D display technology. But so far, few can really come close to the holographic display scheme in science fiction movies. Most of them only use the stereo image pair scheme with a very low technical threshold to realize the pseudo 3D display, and the viewing experience is not ideal.
- a new holographic display scheme is proposed in the patent of transmission type geometric holographic display system with publication number CN111338175A.
- a reflective geometric holographic display system patent with publication number CN111338177A proposes a new holographic display scheme.
- This new display form is very different from the previous flat-panel displays such as LCD and glasses-like display devices in terms of display principle and display form. Therefore, the design skills/rules of traditional display systems cannot be used for reference in new display systems.
- This brand-new display system involves the mutual cooperation between multiple display components, especially the mutual cooperation between its projector (such as a holographic projector), a geometric holographic screen and a follow-up motion mechanism of the window. In practical applications, it is very difficult to determine how to select the aperture of the projector, how to set the corresponding geometric holographic screen, and how to reserve the tracking motion space during the tracking process.
- a method for optimizing display configuration is provided. Through global optimization constraints on each component of the entire system, the display system can always be in the optimal configuration range, and the cost can be controlled at the same time. Optimize the overall performance of the display system.
- a geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration wherein the geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration includes at least one projector (1) for projecting picture information in space, a geometric holographic screen (2), the position of which is the same as that of all Corresponding to the projector (1), a support structure (3) providing physical structural support for the projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen (2), and a control unit electrically connected to the projector (1)
- the device (4), the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further includes:
- a preset number of viewpoints the area of a single viewpoint is SL m 2 , the effective projection area of the geometric holographic screen (2) is SP m 2 , and the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen (2) ), the optical path distance between the centers is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
- the geometrical holographic screen (2) comprises a transmissive geometrical holographic screen (5)
- the position of the transmissive geometrical holographic screen (5) corresponds to the projector (1) for Optically transforming the picture on one side to the other side to form an optical conjugate image
- the effective projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is SP m 2
- the optical path distance from the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is L meters.
- the ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) satisfy:
- the effective projection area SP m 2 of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
- the optical path distance L meters between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) ranges from 0.1 to 10 meters.
- the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further comprises at least one first optical path folding mirror group (6) arranged on one side or both sides of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5),
- the first optical path folding mirror group (6) includes at least one plane mirror with a reflective function, which is used to change the propagation path of the light projected by the projector (1).
- the first optical path folding mirror group (6) is connected to the support structure (3).
- the geometric holographic screen (2) when the geometric holographic screen (2) includes an auxiliary imaging screen (7) and a reflective geometric holographic screen (8), the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is used for light splitting, and the reflective geometric holographic screen (8) is used for light splitting.
- the screen (8) is located on one side of the auxiliary imaging screen (6) or on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) respectively; the effective projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is SP m 2 , and the single The optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is L meters.
- the ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) satisfies:
- the effective projection area SP m 2 of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
- the optical path distance L meters between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) ranges from 0.1 to 10 meters.
- the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further comprises at least one second optical path folding mirror group ( 9).
- the second optical path folding mirror group (9) is connected to the support structure (3).
- the range of the single-viewpoint area SL m 2 is 0.000004-0.5 m 2 .
- the support structure (3) is a deformable and/or movable structure and is electrically connected to the controller (4).
- the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises an interactive motion capture unit (10) electrically connected to the controller (4), and the interactive motion capture unit (10) is used to identify the user and sends the user interaction action information to the controller (4), and the controller (4) adjusts the display screen content according to the received user interaction action information obtained by the interaction action capture unit (10).
- the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises an eye tracking unit (11) electrically connected to the controller (4), and the eye tracking unit (11) is used for tracking people.
- the position of the eye and the positioning information of the human eye are sent to the controller (4), and the controller (4) controls the
- the support structure (3) makes corresponding action responses to adjust the spatial position of each part of the display system, so that the user's eyes are always in the visual space of the system.
- the projector, geometric holographic screen and supporting structure are globally optimized, so that the display system can always be in the optimal configuration range, and the overall performance of the display system can be optimized while controlling the cost;
- a reasonable effective viewing solid angle can avoid the situation that the effective viewing solid angle is too small and the 3D performance is poor, and the aberration that occurs in pursuit of an excessively large solid angle can not maximize the display capability of the system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including a projector 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including two projectors 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention in which a first optical path folding mirror group 6 is added on the same side of the projector 1 on the basis of FIG. 1 ;
- Fig. 4 is on the basis of Fig. 3, on the other side of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 has added a first optical path folding mirror group 6 of the present utility model system and optical path schematic diagram;
- FIG. 5 is a system schematic diagram of an interactive motion capture unit 10 and an eye tracking unit 11 added on the basis of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 shows the effective projection area SP of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 related to the effective viewing solid angle in the display system, the area SL of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1, and the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen Schematic diagram of the optical path distance L between the centers of 5;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path distance L of the display system including the first optical path folding mirror group 6;
- FIG. 8 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present invention in which the projector 1 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8 are located on the same side of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
- FIG. 9 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present invention in which the projector 1 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8 are located on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
- FIG. 10 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present utility model in which two reflective geometric holographic screens 8 are respectively located on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system with an interactive motion capture unit 10 and an eye tracking unit 11 added on the basis of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention with a second optical path folding mirror group 9 added to the same side of the projector 1 on the basis of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention in which a second optical path folding mirror group 9 is added to the other side of the auxiliary imaging screen 2 on the basis of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including a plurality of projectors 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes an auxiliary imaging screen 7 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8;
- the auxiliary imaging screen 7 shows the effective projection area SP of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 related to the effective viewing solid angle in the display system with only one viewpoint, the single viewpoint area SL, that is, the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1
- the single viewpoint area SL that is, the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path distance L of the display system including the second optical path folding mirror group 9 .
- Projector 1 geometric holographic screen 2
- support structure 3 controller 4
- transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 first optical path folding mirror group 6
- auxiliary imaging screen 7 reflective geometric holographic screen 8
- second optical path folding mirror group 9 Interactive motion capture unit 10 , human eye tracking unit 11 .
- the present invention provides a geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration, comprising at least one projector 1, a geometric holographic screen 2, a support structure 3 and a controller 4;
- the projector 1 is used to project picture information (picture information with depth) in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
- the projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional picture, so as to project a two-dimensional picture on a certain focal plane in the space, and then adjust the depth of field and the picture content of the two-dimensional picture through the controller 4 (presenting a 2D picture).
- the content of the picture can also show the real sense of distance between the picture and the user, which is obviously different from the ordinary projection display system.
- the ordinary projection display system can only display the picture on a fixed plane, so the picture has no depth information expression effect. ), the process of adjusting the depth of focus in the actual work process can be real-time or it can be adjusted at intervals according to the content of the screen (usually, the overall depth of field of the film or other video is maintained at the same level for a period of time. When the scene is switched, there will be a large jump in the depth of field of the screen).
- the projector 1 can also use the holographic projection equipment of two-dimensional picture groups in different depths of field to realize 3D display.
- the optical design of ordinary projection equipment can be further carried out, so that 3D can be realized on the basis of using a single projector.
- the geometric holographic screen 2 can be a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, which is a screen with a converging image point on one side to form a conjugate image point on the other side, the position of which corresponds to the projector 1, and is used for the projector. 1.
- the projected image is converted to an optical conjugate position relative to the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, and its function is to convert the divergent picture projected by the projector 1 to the window position for the user to watch, preferably a flexible holographic screen, In this way, a scrolling screen or a folding screen can be made, so that the whole system is more compact and portable.
- a rigid screen can also be used for suitable occasions.
- the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 can be replaced by a common projection screen, such as a common rear projection screen.
- the support structure 3 is matched with the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 respectively, and provides physical structural support for the two. Specifically, the support structure 3 can be made into a support frame with a fixed structure. At this time, the display of the present invention The system as a whole is fixed, and users need to be in a fixed position to observe the screen.
- the controller 4 is electrically connected to the projector 1 , and the projector 1 can adjust the depth of field and the content of the projected image according to the control signal of the controller 4 .
- the support structure 3 is set as a structure that can move and/or deform, and the support structure 3 is electrically connected with the controller 4, and the support structure 3 makes corresponding actions according to the control information of the controller 4, whereby, the relative movement and/or the overall movement between the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is realized, so that the visual window of the system always covers the user's eyes, so that the user can view the screen normally in different directions.
- the support structure 3 is a general prior art, and those skilled in the art can design it by themselves according to the space conditions of the practical application, such as: using some hinge structures and structures similar to the umbrella shaft or the umbrella rib, those skilled in the art can design it very easily A structure that meets the requirements is not limited here.
- the holographic display system of the present invention further includes an interactive motion capture unit 10 electrically connected to the controller 4, and the interactive motion capture unit 10 is used to identify the user's interactive action and record the user's interactive action information. It is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 adjusts the content of the displayed screen according to the user interactive action information obtained by the received interactive action capture unit 10, so as to realize the interactive action between the user and the screen.
- the camera can be combined with machine vision technology to identify the user's Gesture actions are used to obtain user interaction information, thereby controlling the movement and/or deformation of the support structure 3, thereby adjusting the spatial position and posture of each component of the system.
- the controller 4 can also capture the user interaction action information obtained by the unit 10 according to the received interaction action It can adjust the content of the displayed screen in real time and realize the interaction between the user and the screen, such as controlling the screen to pan according to the pan gesture signal, or controlling the zooming in, zooming in, pushing away, touching and other operations of the screen according to other corresponding interactive actions.
- the setting of the interactive motion capture unit 10 has positive significance for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system is fixed, similar to the wearable application.
- an eye tracking unit 11 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 needs to be set up.
- the eye tracking unit 11 is used to track the position of the human eye and locate the human eye.
- the information is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the support structure 3 to make corresponding action responses according to the received eye positioning information obtained by the eye tracking unit 11 to adjust the various components (projector 1, transmission geometry
- the spatial position of the holographic screen 5 and the first optical path folding mirror group 6) makes the user's eyes always in the visible space of the system, so that the user's eyes can always receive projection information even in a moving state and watch the picture normally.
- the human eye tracking unit 11 and the interactive motion capture unit 10 can be integrated in the same device, for example, a machine vision camera device is used.
- a first optical path folding mirror group 6 can also be provided on one side or both sides, and the first optical path folding mirror group 6 is also connected to the support structure 3.
- the first optical path The folding mirror group 6 includes at least one mirror, so that the imaging optical path can be adjusted so that it can adapt to various application space scenarios.
- the relative or overall movement of the projector 1, the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 and the first optical path folding mirror group 6 can be controlled simultaneously through the support structure 3, thereby Real-time adjustment to ensure that users can watch normally.
- the display system of the present invention includes several viewpoints, the area of any single viewpoint is SLm 2 , the effective projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is SP m 2 , the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 The optical path distance between the centers is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
- the preferred range of the effective projection area SP m 2 of the above-mentioned transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 0.005-1.5 m 2 , specifically the maximum horizontal projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, which can also be directly placed on a plane. area to calculate.
- the regular shape can be directly calculated by geometric relationship.
- the rectangular screen can be directly calculated by the length and width, etc.
- it is difficult to directly calculate the area It can be placed on a plane according to the coverage area is calculated.
- the single viewpoint area SL m 2 preferably ranges from 0.000004 to 0.5 m 2 , and the single viewpoint area should correspond to the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1.
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 .
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to half of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 .
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to 1/N of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 , and N is preferably 1-6.
- the calculation method for the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 is the same as the calculation method for the effective projection area of the transmission-type geometric holographic screen 5 .
- the preferred range of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 0.1 to 10 meters, and in the working state, the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the transmissive geometric hologram
- the ratio of the maximum value L MAX to the minimum value L MIN of the optical path distance L between the centers of the screen 5 should satisfy: At this time, the tracking range can be more matched with the user's motion range; further, in order to match the user's range of activities in indoor scenes such as office, the
- the distance between the center of the outermost mirror surface and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 can be measured by a soft ruler.
- a layer of the first optical path folding mirror group 6 can be covered.
- Light-absorbing film such as black paper
- a small hole is set on the film, so that only the position of the small hole can reflect light, and other positions cannot reflect light.
- the optical path distance in the process can be measured.
- the optical path distance L can also be directly calculated according to the geometric relationship. Based on the above test method, for the display system containing the first optical path folding mirror group 6, L is as shown in the figure The sum of L1 and L2 shown in 7.
- L is not a fixed value, but a range, so it is necessary to ensure this range during design. Any value of L in the interior satisfies the above formula; it should be noted that L is the geometrical relationship size during the working process, that is, the system normally provides the user with the characteristics of the display content state, when it is in the non-working state or in the storage state, the value of L is The value does not need to satisfy the constraints of the formula.
- L can be set to a fixed value for wearable/fixed applications.
- the holographic display system realizes the screen display by means of light field reconstruction, and can reproduce the stereoscopic image with depth information.
- depth information is not enough to provide enough visual impact.
- a certain effective viewing solid angle is required to enable users to get a better experience.
- the application in the life scene generally needs more than 0.7 steradian to show a comfortable 3D image.
- the effective viewing solid angle is greater than 0.0076 to meet the needs of use.
- the display solid angle of a single viewpoint needs to be set between 0.0076 and 5.2.
- the ideal configuration angle between the line between the center of the projection lens and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 (principal ray) and the transmissive geometric holographic screen is 45°. It follows the movement of the user, so it cannot always maintain the ideal configuration angle, and the included angle will be smaller under certain working conditions, so it is necessary to take into account the immersion in these situations when designing.
- the angle between the main ray and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 35°, if a certain sense of immersion can be guaranteed, the overall user experience of the system will be very good. This conclusion has also been confirmed by experiments and user experience feedback.
- the effective light field control area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen can be approximated by SP ⁇ sin (35°).
- SP ⁇ sin 35°
- the window itself has a certain size, it is necessary to deduct the area SL occupied by the window itself for correction, and then divide by the window (
- a very accurate approximation of the display effective viewing solid angle of the actual display system can be calculated from the distance between the center of the outermost mirror surface of the projector and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 .
- the above embodiments provide some ideal configuration modes. Although all dimensions in the above embodiments are in meters (m), it is not limited to use only these dimension values. In practical applications, geometric similarity is considered, and all dimensions are scaled as a whole, or any other dimensions are combined to form a sum of The embodiment is similar to the solid angle, and the display effect thereof will also be consistent without obvious change. In fact, the actual test has also been carried out on the overall scaling range of 0.001 to 1000 times and other different size combinations in some embodiments. As long as the effective viewing solid angles are similar, the user experience does not feel the difference between different sizes. The difference further shows that the implementation size is not the key factor affecting the effect, but the effective viewing solid angle is.
- the requirements for the effective viewing three-dimensional angle are low, preferably 0.2 to 0.6. At this time, it can show a good three-dimensional effect, and at the same time have a certain sense of immersion, which can meet the office needs under most conditions.
- the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.6 to 0.8, which can show a good three-dimensional effect and further enhance the immersion.
- the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.8 to 1.2. At this time, the stereo effect and immersion are further improved, and it has the effect of connecting with the physical world.
- the effective viewing solid angle of the effective display of each viewpoint is further preferably 1.2-2.2, so as to provide a sufficient sense of immersion.
- the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 2.2 to 3.4. At this time, the display solid angle is larger and the immersion is stronger.
- the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 2.5-3.8, and the sense of immersion can be further enhanced at this time.
- the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 3 to 4. At this time, the performance of the on-site optical environment is more realistic.
- the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 4 to 5.2, which can simulate the real environment to a great extent and create an immersive feeling.
- the SL is preferably between 0.000004m 2 and 0.0025m 2 (4 square millimeters to 25 square centimeters). This range can ensure that the projector can be fully Possibly small.
- the light-transmitting area of the outermost lens is preferably between 49 square centimeters and 100 square centimeters, which can ensure that the projector is not particularly bulky.
- the SP is preferably between 0.04 square meters and 1.2 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.2 and 1 meter. At this time, the balance between the optimal desktop space occupation and the effective viewing solid angle can be achieved.
- the SP is preferably 0.02 square meters to 0.16 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 meters. At this time, the portability balance can be better taken into account. Further, the holographic screen can be made into a foldable or scroll type.
- the SP is preferably 4 square centimeters to 50 square centimeters, and the L is preferably between 5 and 12 mm, which can better meet the wearing needs. Further, it can be set that two glasses share the same transmission type geometric holographic screen or a transmission type geometric holographic screen is separately set for each glasses, for the case where each glasses are provided with a transmission type geometric holographic screen separately, SP is preferably set. It is more suitable to be between 4cm 2 and 12.8cm 2 , and it is more suitable for the SP of two glasses to share the same transmissive geometric holographic screen, preferably between 28cm 2 and 50cm 2 .
- the present utility model provides a reflective geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration, comprising at least one projector 1, a geometric holographic screen 2, a support structure 3 and a controller 4;
- the projector 1 is used to project picture information in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
- the projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional image, so as to project a two-dimensional image on a certain focal plane in space, and then adjust the depth of field and image content of the two-dimensional image through the controller 4 .
- the projector 1 is used to project picture information (picture information with depth) in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
- the projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional picture, so as to project a two-dimensional picture on a certain focal plane in the space, and then adjust the depth of field and the picture content of the two-dimensional picture through the controller 4 (presenting a 2D picture).
- the content of the picture can also show the real sense of distance between the picture and the user, which is obviously different from the ordinary projection display system.
- the ordinary projection display system can only display the picture on a fixed plane, so the picture has no depth information expression effect. ), the process of adjusting the depth of focus in the actual work process can be real-time or it can be adjusted at intervals according to the content of the screen (usually, the overall depth of field of the film or other video is maintained at the same level for a period of time. When the scene is switched, there will be a large jump in the depth of field of the screen).
- the projector 1 can also use the holographic projection equipment of two-dimensional picture groups in different depths of field to realize 3D display.
- the optical design of ordinary projection equipment can be further carried out, so that 3D can be realized on the basis of using a single projector.
- the geometric holographic screen 2 may include an auxiliary imaging screen 7 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8.
- the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is used for light splitting, preferably a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. Reflected on the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, through the modulation of the light by the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, any light irradiated on the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is retroreflected and returned to the original direction, and the retroreflected light is partially transmitted through the auxiliary The imaging screen 7 then forms an off-screen projection image in the air.
- the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is used to retro-reflect the incident light rays from other angles that are not parallel to the cross section. These rays can be retro-reflected after being offset by a distance of d mm, where d is the outgoing light and the reflective geometry.
- the distance from the intersection of the incident surface of the holographic film to the incident light, d ⁇ 1 mm, is preferably a flexible holographic screen, and the number of reflective geometric holographic screens 8 is one or two.
- the number of reflective geometric holographic screens 8 is two, they are respectively arranged on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7.
- the display system includes two reflective geometric holographic screens 8, the light energy utilization rate and imaging quality of the system are high. .
- the interior of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is provided with a series of pentagonal columnar primitive prisms whose cross-sections are right-angled triangles or a combination of rectangles and right-angled triangles.
- a series of pentagonal columnar primitive prisms whose cross-sections are right-angled triangles or a combination of rectangles and right-angled triangles.
- the support structure 3 is respectively matched with the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 to provide physical structural support for the three.
- the support structure 3 can be made into a support frame with a fixed structure. At this time, The overall display system of the utility model is fixed, and the user needs to be in a fixed orientation to observe the screen.
- the controller 4 is electrically connected to the projector 1 , and the projector 1 can adjust the depth of field and the content of the projected image according to the control signal of the controller 4 .
- the support structure 3 is set as a structure that can move and/or deform, and the support structure 3 is electrically connected to the controller 4, and the support structure 3 makes corresponding actions according to the control information of the controller 4, whereby, the relative movement and/or the overall movement between the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is realized, so that the visual window of the system always covers the user's eyes, so that the user can be normal in different directions.
- the support structure 3 is a general prior art, and those skilled in the art can design it by themselves according to the space conditions of the actual application, such as: using some hinge structures and structures similar to the umbrella shaft and/or the umbrella rib can It is very easy to design a deformable structure, which is not specifically limited here.
- the holographic display system of the present invention further includes an interactive motion capture unit 10 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 , and the interactive motion capture unit 10 is used to identify the user's interactive action and capture the user's interactive action information. It is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 adjusts the content of the displayed screen according to the user interactive action information obtained by the received interactive action capture unit 10, so as to realize the interactive action between the user and the screen.
- the camera can be combined with machine vision technology to identify the user's Gesture actions are used to obtain user interaction information, thereby controlling the deformation and/or movement of the support structure 3, thereby adjusting the spatial position and posture of each component of the system.
- the controller 4 can also capture the user interaction action information obtained by the unit 10 according to the received interaction action It can adjust the content of the displayed screen in real time and realize the interaction between the user and the screen, such as controlling the screen to pan according to the pan gesture signal, or controlling the zooming in, zooming in, pushing away, touching and other operations of the screen according to other corresponding interactive actions.
- the setting of the interactive motion capture unit 10 has positive significance for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system is fixed, similar to the wearable application.
- an eye tracking unit 11 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 needs to be set up.
- the eye tracking unit 11 is used to track the position of the human eye and locate the human eye.
- the information is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the support structure 3 to make corresponding action responses according to the received eye positioning information obtained by the eye tracking unit 11 to adjust the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflection
- the relative position and/or the overall spatial position of the three geometric holographic screen 8 so that the user's eyes are always in the visual space of the system, so that the user's eyes can always receive projection information even when moving, and watch the picture normally.
- the human eye tracking unit 11 and the interactive motion capture unit 10 can be integrated in the same device, for example, a machine vision camera device is used.
- a second optical path folding mirror group 9 can also be provided on one side or both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 , and the second optical path folding mirror group 9 is also connected to the support structure 3 . , which contains at least one mirror, so that the imaging optical path can be adjusted so that it can adapt to various application space scenarios.
- the relative motion among the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7, the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 and the second optical path folding mirror group 9 can be controlled simultaneously through the support structure 3 or The overall movement is adjusted in real time to ensure that users can watch it normally.
- the display system of the present invention includes several viewpoints, the area of a single viewpoint is SL m 2 , the effective projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is SP m 2 , and the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is SL m 2 .
- the optical path distance is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
- the preferred range of the above-mentioned effective projection area SP m 2 of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 0.005-1.5 m 2 , specifically the maximum horizontal projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7, which can also be directly placed on a plane and calculated according to the area of the covered plane .
- the regular shape can be directly calculated by geometric relationship.
- the rectangular screen can be directly calculated by the length and width, etc.
- it is difficult to directly calculate the area It can be placed on a plane according to the coverage area is calculated.
- the single viewpoint area SL m 2 preferably ranges from 0.000004 to 0.5 m 2 , and the single viewpoint area should correspond to the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1.
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 .
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to half of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 .
- the single viewpoint area SL is equal to 1/N of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 , and N is preferably 1-6.
- the optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is L meters, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 meters, and the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 in the working state is L meters.
- the ratio of the maximum value L MAX to the minimum value L MIN of the optical path distance L between the centers should satisfy: At this time, the tracking range can be more matched with the user's motion range; further, in order to match the user's range of activities in indoor scenes such as office, the
- L is the light path travel distance from the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 to the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7.
- the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be measured by a soft ruler , for the display system containing the second optical path folding mirror group 9, a layer of light absorbing film (such as black paper) can be covered on the surface of the second optical path folding mirror group 9, and a small hole is set on the film, so that only the position of the small hole The light can be reflected, and the light cannot be reflected in other places.
- a layer of light absorbing film such as black paper
- the action point of the light emitted from the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and finally irradiated on the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 on each lens of the second optical path folding mirror group 9 can be found, so that The optical path distance L in the process can be measured.
- the optical path distance can also be directly calculated according to the geometric relationship. Based on the above test method, for the display system containing the second optical path folding mirror group 9, L is as shown in Figure 16. The sum of L1 and L2 shown.
- L is not a fixed value, but a range, so it is necessary to ensure this range during design. Any value of L in the interior satisfies the above formula; it should be noted that L is the geometrical relationship size during the working process, that is, the characteristics of the state in which the system normally provides the user with the displayed content. When it is in the non-working state or the storage state, L The value does not need to satisfy the constraints of the formula.
- L can be set to a fixed value for wearable/fixed applications.
- the holographic display system realizes the screen display by means of light field reconstruction, and can reproduce the stereoscopic image with depth information.
- depth information is not enough to provide enough visual impact.
- a certain effective viewing solid angle is required to enable users to get a better experience.
- the application in the life scene generally needs more than 0.7 steradian to show a comfortable 3D image.
- the effective viewing solid angle is greater than 0.0076 to meet the needs of use.
- the display solid angle of a single viewpoint needs to be set between 0.0076 and 5.2.
- the ideal configuration angle between the connection line (main ray) between the center of the projection lens and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 45°.
- the user's movement follows the movement, so it cannot always maintain the ideal configuration angle, and the included angle will be smaller under certain working conditions, so the immersion in these situations needs to be considered in the design.
- the angle between the main light beam and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 35°, if a certain sense of immersion can be guaranteed, the overall user experience of the system will be very good. This conclusion has also been confirmed by experiments and user experience feedback. Under this configuration, the effective light field control area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be approximated by SP ⁇ sin (35°).
- the area SL occupied by the window itself needs to be deducted for correction, and then divided by the window (also A very accurate approximation of the display effective viewing solid angle of the actual display system can be calculated from the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 .
- the above embodiments provide some ideal configuration modes. Although all dimensions in the above embodiments are in meters (m), it is not limited to use only these dimensions. In practical applications, geometric similarity is considered, and all dimensions are scaled as a whole, or any other dimensions are combined to form an
- the embodiment is similar to the solid angle, and the display effect thereof will also be consistent without obvious change. In fact, the actual test has also been conducted on the overall scaling range of 0.001 times to 1000 times and other different size combinations in some embodiments. As long as the effective viewing solid angles are similar, the user experience does not feel the difference between different sizes. The difference further shows that the implementation size is not the key factor affecting the effect, but the effective viewing solid angle is.
- the requirements for the effective viewing stereo angle of the viewpoint are relatively low, preferably 0.2 to 0.6. At this time, it can show a good stereo effect, and at the same time, it has a certain sense of immersion, which can meet the office needs under most conditions.
- the effective viewing solid angle of any viewpoint is preferably 0.6 to 0.8. At this time, a good three-dimensional effect can be exhibited, and the immersion is further improved.
- the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.8 to 1.2. At this time, the stereo effect and immersion are further improved, and it has the effect of connecting with the physical world.
- the effective viewing solid angle of the effective display at any viewpoint is further preferably 1.2-2.2, which provides a sufficient sense of immersion.
- 2.2 to 3.4 is further preferred. At this time, the display solid angle is larger and the sense of immersion is stronger.
- the solid angle for any effective viewing is further preferably 3 to 4. At this time, the performance of the on-site optical environment is more realistic.
- the solid angle for any effective viewing is further preferably 4 to 5.2, which can simulate the real environment to a great extent and create an immersive feeling.
- the SL is preferably between 0.000004m 2 and 0.0025m 2 (4 square millimeters to 25 square centimeters). This range can ensure that the projector can provide a complete window under the condition of making the projector. Be as small as possible.
- the light-transmitting area of the outermost lens is preferably between 49 square centimeters and 100 square centimeters, which can ensure that the projector is not particularly bulky.
- the SP is preferably between 0.04 square meters and 1.2 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.2 and 1 meter. At this time, the balance between the optimal desktop space occupation and the effective viewing solid angle can be achieved.
- the SP is preferably between 0.02 square meters and 0.16 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 meters. In this case, the portability balance can be better taken into account. Further, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be made into a foldable or scroll type.
- the SP is preferably 4 square centimeters to 50 square centimeters, and the L is preferably between 5 and 12 mm, which can better meet the wearing needs. Further, it can be set that two glasses share the same auxiliary imaging screen 7 or separately set an auxiliary imaging screen 7 for each glasses. For the case where each glasses are provided with an auxiliary imaging screen 7 alone, the SP is preferably set to 4cm 2 . It is suitable to be between ⁇ 12.8 cm 2 , and it is more suitable to set the SP between 28 cm 2 and 50 cm 2 for two glasses sharing the same auxiliary imaging screen 7 .
- the screen contains two functions at the same time, that is, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, and the two need to cooperate with each other to realize the display function.
- the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 needs to contain very fine microstructures, and the manufacturing cost is much higher than that of the auxiliary imaging screen 7. Therefore, in order to save costs, it is necessary to reduce the area of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 as much as possible.
- the effective display solid angle of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 should not be too small, so it needs to be balanced and designed to achieve the optimal effect.
- polarizing film 1/4 glass slide, anti-reflection film, light absorption film and other optical elements can be added to further improve the utilization rate of light and display effect.
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Abstract
A geometrical holographic display system with an optimized display configuration. The system comprises: at least one projector (1), a geometrical holographic screen (2), a support structure (3) that provides support for the projector (1) and the geometrical holographic screen (2), and a controller (4) electrically connected to the projector (1), wherein for a preset number of viewpoints, the effective projection area of the geometrical holographic screen (2) is SP ㎡, the area of a single viewpoint is SL ㎡, and an optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of any single projector (1) and the center of the geometrical holographic screen (2) in a working state is L meters, such that the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint meets: Global optimization and constraint are performed on components of the entire system, such that the display system is always within the optimal configuration interval, the costs are controlled, and the optimal comprehensive performance of the display system can also be realized.
Description
本申请要求于2020年08月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为202021615859.0、发明名称为“优化显示配置的反射式几何全息显示***”以及2020年08月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为202021626926.9、发明名称为“优化显示配置的透射式几何全息显示***”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application is required to be submitted to the China Patent Office on August 06, 2020, the application number is 202021615859.0, the name of the invention is "reflective geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration", and the application number is submitted to the China Patent Office on August 6, 2020. 202021626926.9, the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled "Transmission Geometric Holographic Display System with Optimized Display Configuration", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
本实用新型涉及3D显示领域,尤其是涉及一种优化显示配置的几何全息显示***。The utility model relates to the field of 3D display, in particular to a geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration.
近年来3D显示技术非常热门,越来越多的研究机构开始投入3D显示技术的研发。但是目前为止,鲜有能够真正接近科幻电影中的全息显示方案。大多只是利用技术门槛非常低的立体图像对方案来实现伪3D的显示,其观看体验并不理想。In recent years, 3D display technology has become very popular, and more and more research institutions have begun to invest in the research and development of 3D display technology. But so far, few can really come close to the holographic display scheme in science fiction movies. Most of them only use the stereo image pair scheme with a very low technical threshold to realize the pseudo 3D display, and the viewing experience is not ideal.
公开号为CN111338175A的透射式几何全息显示***专利提出了一种新的全息显示方案。公开号为CN111338177A的反射式几何全息显示***专利提出了一种新的全息显示方案。这两种方案在显示原理上已经能够实现真正的3D图像的再现,可以使用户像观看真实物理世界的方式观看显示画面,是一种非常理想的3D显示方案。但是目前处于技术发展的初期阶段,技术积累相对来说还比较少。因此,虽然其在显示原理上非常理想,但是实际应用中往往由于设计人员知识的局限性,很难完全把其优点最大化的发挥出来。这种全新的显示形态,与以往的平面显示器如LCD,眼镜类显示设备等在显示原理和显示形态上差异极大,因此传统显示***的设计技巧/规则在新的显示***上完全无法借鉴。这种全新的显示***,涉及到多个显示部件之间的相互配合,尤其是其投影器(如全息投影器)和几何全息屏以及视窗跟随运动机构之间的相互配合。实际应用中,投影器的孔径如何选择、对应的几何全息屏需要如何设置以及跟踪过程中应该如何预留跟踪运动空间等都是非常难以确定的。如果处理不好***各个部件之间的配合关系,往往会造成某一分部件的过设计和另一部件的欠设计使得***的成本很高但是显示效果却不太理想。由于投影器(尤其是全息投影器)的结构相对于普通投影仪复杂太多,所以其成本非常高,而且几何全息屏也需要用微米级的加工工艺来生产出分米甚至米级别尺寸的屏幕,其成本也居高不下,因此二者无论那一部件 出现过设计情况,都会造成大量的成本浪费,而且类似于木桶原理,***的性能潜力被“短板”部件所制约,因此还无法发挥出最优性能。此外,视窗跟随运动如果设计不合理的话,那么也非常容易造成跟丢的情况,这会极大的影响用户体验。A new holographic display scheme is proposed in the patent of transmission type geometric holographic display system with publication number CN111338175A. A reflective geometric holographic display system patent with publication number CN111338177A proposes a new holographic display scheme. These two schemes have been able to realize the reproduction of real 3D images in display principle, which can make users watch the display screen in the way of viewing the real physical world, which is a very ideal 3D display scheme. However, it is currently in the early stage of technological development, and the accumulation of technology is relatively small. Therefore, although it is very ideal in the display principle, it is often difficult to fully maximize its advantages in practical applications due to the limitations of the designer's knowledge. This new display form is very different from the previous flat-panel displays such as LCD and glasses-like display devices in terms of display principle and display form. Therefore, the design skills/rules of traditional display systems cannot be used for reference in new display systems. This brand-new display system involves the mutual cooperation between multiple display components, especially the mutual cooperation between its projector (such as a holographic projector), a geometric holographic screen and a follow-up motion mechanism of the window. In practical applications, it is very difficult to determine how to select the aperture of the projector, how to set the corresponding geometric holographic screen, and how to reserve the tracking motion space during the tracking process. If the coordination relationship between the various components of the system is not handled properly, it will often result in the over-design of one component and the under-design of another component, resulting in a high cost of the system but an unsatisfactory display effect. Because the structure of projectors (especially holographic projectors) is much more complicated than ordinary projectors, the cost is very high, and geometric holographic screens also require micron-level processing technology to produce decimeter or even meter-level screens. , its cost is also high, so no matter which part of the two has been designed, it will cause a lot of cost waste, and similar to the barrel principle, the performance potential of the system is restricted by the "short board" components, so it is impossible to Get the best performance out of it. In addition, if the design of the window following movement is unreasonable, it is very easy to cause the situation to be lost, which will greatly affect the user experience.
综上,对于这种***一般的设计师在设计的时候很难把握,虽然原理上都能够实现***的搭建,但是往往处理不好各个特征参数之间的关系。设计师在设计时有时候单方面追求大的视窗使得***的像差极大,画质受限,有时候为了追求大的视场而使用较大的几何全息屏,但是投影器又无法匹配造成视场浪费或者与应用场景不匹配无法合理利用成像元件的高分辨率等。这样做出来的样机,经常不能够使显示***发挥出最优显示性能,反而会把一些可避免的固有的缺点放大,造成用户体验极差。To sum up, it is difficult for ordinary designers to grasp this kind of system when designing. Although the system can be built in principle, it is often difficult to handle the relationship between the various characteristic parameters. When designing, the designer sometimes pursues a large viewing window unilaterally, which makes the system aberrations extremely large and the image quality is limited. The field of view is wasted or does not match the application scene, and the high resolution of the imaging element cannot be reasonably utilized. The prototypes produced in this way often cannot make the display system exert the best display performance, but instead magnify some avoidable inherent shortcomings, resulting in extremely poor user experience.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了解决或者部分解决现有技术的不足,提供一种优化显示配置的,通过对整个***各组成部件进行了全局优化约束,使得显示***能够始终处于配置最优的区间,控制成本的同时还能使显示***的综合性能最优化。In order to solve or partially solve the deficiencies of the prior art, a method for optimizing display configuration is provided. Through global optimization constraints on each component of the entire system, the display system can always be in the optimal configuration range, and the cost can be controlled at the same time. Optimize the overall performance of the display system.
优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***包括至少一个用于在空间投影出画面信息的投影器(1),几何全息屏(2),其位置与所述投影器(1)相对应,为所述投影器(1)和所述几何全息屏(2)提供物理结构支撑的支持结构(3),以及与所述投影器(1)电连接的控制器(4),所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括:A geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration, wherein the geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration includes at least one projector (1) for projecting picture information in space, a geometric holographic screen (2), the position of which is the same as that of all Corresponding to the projector (1), a support structure (3) providing physical structural support for the projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen (2), and a control unit electrically connected to the projector (1) The device (4), the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further includes:
预设数量视点,单视点面积为SL m
2,所述几何全息屏(2)的有效投影面积为SP m
2,单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述几何全息屏(2)的中心之间的光程距离为L米,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角均满足:
A preset number of viewpoints, the area of a single viewpoint is SL m 2 , the effective projection area of the geometric holographic screen (2) is SP m 2 , and the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen (2) ), the optical path distance between the centers is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
一种实施方式中,所述几何全息屏(2)包括透射式几何全息屏(5)时,所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的位置与所述投影器(1)相对应,用于将一侧的画面光学转化到另一侧形成光学共轭图像;所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的有效投影面积为SP m
2,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离为L米。
In one embodiment, when the geometrical holographic screen (2) comprises a transmissive geometrical holographic screen (5), the position of the transmissive geometrical holographic screen (5) corresponds to the projector (1) for Optically transforming the picture on one side to the other side to form an optical conjugate image; the effective projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is SP m 2 , and the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) The optical path distance from the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is L meters.
一种实施方式中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值LMAX与最小值LMIN的比值满足:
In one embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) satisfy:
一种实施方式中,所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的有效投影面积SP m
2范围为0.005~1.5m
2。
In an embodiment, the effective projection area SP m 2 of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
一种实施方式中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离L米范围为0.1~10米。In one embodiment, the optical path distance L meters between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) ranges from 0.1 to 10 meters.
一种实施方式中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括至少一个、设置于所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的一侧或者两侧的第一光路折叠镜组(6),所述第一光路折叠镜组(6)至少包含一面具有反射功能的平面镜,其用于改变所述投影器(1)投射光线的传播路径。In one embodiment, the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further comprises at least one first optical path folding mirror group (6) arranged on one side or both sides of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5), The first optical path folding mirror group (6) includes at least one plane mirror with a reflective function, which is used to change the propagation path of the light projected by the projector (1).
一种实施方式中,所述第一光路折叠镜组(6)与所述支持结构(3)连接。In one embodiment, the first optical path folding mirror group (6) is connected to the support structure (3).
一种实施方式中,所述几何全息屏(2)包括辅助成像屏(7)和反射式几何全息屏(8)时,所述辅助成像屏(7)用于分光,所述反射式几何全息屏(8)位于所述辅助成像屏(6)一侧或者分别位于所述辅助成像屏(7)两侧;所述辅助成像屏(7)的有效投影面积为SP m
2,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离为L米。
In an embodiment, when the geometric holographic screen (2) includes an auxiliary imaging screen (7) and a reflective geometric holographic screen (8), the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is used for light splitting, and the reflective geometric holographic screen (8) is used for light splitting. The screen (8) is located on one side of the auxiliary imaging screen (6) or on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) respectively; the effective projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is SP m 2 , and the single The optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is L meters.
一种实施方式中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值LMAX与最小值LMIN的比值满足:
In one embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) satisfies:
一种实施方式中,所述辅助成像屏(7)的有效投影面积SP m
2范围为0.005~1.5m
2。
In an embodiment, the effective projection area SP m 2 of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
一种实施方式中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离L米范围为0.1~10米。In one embodiment, the optical path distance L meters between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) ranges from 0.1 to 10 meters.
一种实施方式中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括至少一个设置于所述辅助成像屏(7)的一侧或者两侧的、用于调整光路的第二光路折叠镜组(9)。In one embodiment, the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further comprises at least one second optical path folding mirror group ( 9).
一种实施方式中,所述第二光路折叠镜组(9)与所述支持结构(3)连接。In one embodiment, the second optical path folding mirror group (9) is connected to the support structure (3).
一种实施方式中,所述单视点面积SL m
2的范围为0.000004~0.5m
2。
In an embodiment, the range of the single-viewpoint area SL m 2 is 0.000004-0.5 m 2 .
一种实施方式中,所述支持结构(3)为可变形和/或者可运动的结构,并且与所述控制器(4)电连接。In one embodiment, the support structure (3) is a deformable and/or movable structure and is electrically connected to the controller (4).
一种实施方式中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括与所述控制器(4)电连接的交互动作捕捉单元(10),所述交互动作捕捉单元(10)用于识别用户的交互动作并将用户交互动作信息发送给所述控制器(4),所述控制器(4)根据接收到的所述交互动作捕捉单元(10)获取的用户交互动作信息调整显示画面内容。In one embodiment, the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises an interactive motion capture unit (10) electrically connected to the controller (4), and the interactive motion capture unit (10) is used to identify the user and sends the user interaction action information to the controller (4), and the controller (4) adjusts the display screen content according to the received user interaction action information obtained by the interaction action capture unit (10).
一种实施方式中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括与所述 控制器(4)电连接的人眼跟踪单元(11),所述人眼跟踪单元(11)用于跟踪人眼的位置并将人眼的定位信息发送给所述控制器(4),所述控制器(4)根据接收到的所述人眼跟踪单元(11)获取的人眼定位信息,来控制所述支持结构(3)做出相应的动作响应,来调整所述显示***各部分的空间位置,使用户眼睛始终处于***的可视空间内。In one embodiment, the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises an eye tracking unit (11) electrically connected to the controller (4), and the eye tracking unit (11) is used for tracking people. The position of the eye and the positioning information of the human eye are sent to the controller (4), and the controller (4) controls the The support structure (3) makes corresponding action responses to adjust the spatial position of each part of the display system, so that the user's eyes are always in the visual space of the system.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are:
对投影器、几何全息屏以及支持结构进行了全局优化设置,使得显示***能够始终处于配置最优的区间,控制成本的同时还能使显示***的综合性能最优化;The projector, geometric holographic screen and supporting structure are globally optimized, so that the display system can always be in the optimal configuration range, and the overall performance of the display system can be optimized while controlling the cost;
合理的有效观赏立体角能够避免有效观赏立体角过小而3D表现力差,以及为了追求过大的立体角而出现的像差过大而无法最大化体现***显示能力的情况。A reasonable effective viewing solid angle can avoid the situation that the effective viewing solid angle is too small and the 3D performance is poor, and the aberration that occurs in pursuit of an excessively large solid angle can not maximize the display capability of the system.
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments described in the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为几何全息屏2包括透射式几何全息屏5时,包含一个投影器1的本实用新型***示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including a projector 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5;
图2为几何全息屏2包括透射式几何全息屏5时,包含两个投影器1的本实用新型***示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including two projectors 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5;
图3是在图1的基础上,于投影器1的同一侧增设了一个第一光路折叠镜组6的本实用新型***示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention in which a first optical path folding mirror group 6 is added on the same side of the projector 1 on the basis of FIG. 1 ;
图4是是在图3的基础上,于透射式几何全息屏5的另一侧又增加了一个第一光路折叠镜组6的本实用新型***以及光路示意图;Fig. 4 is on the basis of Fig. 3, on the other side of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 has added a first optical path folding mirror group 6 of the present utility model system and optical path schematic diagram;
图5是在图1的基础上,增加了交互动作捕捉单元10和人眼跟踪单元11的***示意图;FIG. 5 is a system schematic diagram of an interactive motion capture unit 10 and an eye tracking unit 11 added on the basis of FIG. 1 ;
图6为显示***中与有效观赏立体角相关透射式几何全息屏5的有效投影面积SP,投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积SL以及投影器1最外侧镜片中心与透射式几何全息屏5的中心之间的光程距离L的示意图;6 shows the effective projection area SP of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 related to the effective viewing solid angle in the display system, the area SL of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1, and the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen Schematic diagram of the optical path distance L between the centers of 5;
图7为含有第一光路折叠镜组6的显示***的光程距离L示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path distance L of the display system including the first optical path folding mirror group 6;
图8为投影器1与一个反射式几何全息屏8位于辅助成像屏7同一侧的本实用新型***示意图及光路图;8 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present invention in which the projector 1 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8 are located on the same side of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
图9为投影器1与一个反射式几何全息屏8位于辅助成像屏7两侧的本实用新型***示意图及光路图;9 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present invention in which the projector 1 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8 are located on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
图10是两个反射式几何全息屏8分别位于辅助成像屏7两侧的本实用新型***示意图及光路图;10 is a system schematic diagram and an optical path diagram of the present utility model in which two reflective geometric holographic screens 8 are respectively located on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7;
图11是在图8的基础上增加了交互动作捕捉单元10和人眼跟踪单元11的***示意图;FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system with an interactive motion capture unit 10 and an eye tracking unit 11 added on the basis of FIG. 8 ;
图12是在图8的基础上,于投影器1的同一侧增加了一个第二光路折叠镜组9的本实用新型***示意图;12 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention with a second optical path folding mirror group 9 added to the same side of the projector 1 on the basis of FIG. 8 ;
图13是在图12的基础上,于辅助成像屏2的另一侧又增加了一个第二光路折叠镜组9的本实用新型***示意图;13 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention in which a second optical path folding mirror group 9 is added to the other side of the auxiliary imaging screen 2 on the basis of FIG. 12;
图14为几何全息屏2包括辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8时,包含多个投影器1的本实用新型的***示意图;14 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention including a plurality of projectors 1 when the geometric holographic screen 2 includes an auxiliary imaging screen 7 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8;
图15为只有一个视点的显示***中与有效观赏立体角相关辅助成像屏7的有效投影面积SP、单视点面积SL即投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积以及投影器1最外侧镜片中心与反射式几何全息屏8的中心之间的光程距离L的示意图;15 shows the effective projection area SP of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 related to the effective viewing solid angle in the display system with only one viewpoint, the single viewpoint area SL, that is, the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 A schematic diagram of the optical path distance L between the center of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8;
图16为含有第二光路折叠镜组9的显示***的光程距离L示意图。FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path distance L of the display system including the second optical path folding mirror group 9 .
其中,附图标记如下:Among them, the reference numerals are as follows:
投影器1,几何全息屏2,支持结构3,控制器4,透射式几何全息屏5,第一光路折叠镜组6,辅助成像屏7,反射式几何全息屏8,第二光路折叠镜组9,交互动作捕捉单元10,人眼跟踪单元11。 Projector 1, geometric holographic screen 2, support structure 3, controller 4, transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, first optical path folding mirror group 6, auxiliary imaging screen 7, reflective geometric holographic screen 8, second optical path folding mirror group 9. Interactive motion capture unit 10 , human eye tracking unit 11 .
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本实用新型的技术方案,下面结合附图对本实用新型进行详细描述,本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性,不应对本实用新型的保护范围有任何的限制作用。In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not have any protection scope of the present invention. restrictive effect.
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.
需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,或者是该实用新型产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理 解为指示或暗示相对重要性。It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. Based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated device or Elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to differentiate the description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
此外,术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂,而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平,并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平,而是可以稍微倾斜。Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" etc. do not imply that a component is required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.
在本实用新型的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
如图1至图7,本实用新型提供一种优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,包括至少一个投影器1、几何全息屏2、支持结构3和控制器4;1 to 7, the present invention provides a geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration, comprising at least one projector 1, a geometric holographic screen 2, a support structure 3 and a controller 4;
投影器1是用于在空间投影出画面信息(具有深度的画面信息),本实用新型可以直接采用全息投影仪作为投影器1,实现3D显示。The projector 1 is used to project picture information (picture information with depth) in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
投影器1也可以采用能够投影二维画面的普通投影设备,实现在空间内的某个焦平面上投影出二维画面,然后通过控制器4来调节二维画面的景深和画面内容(呈现出画面内容的同时还可以表现出画面与用户之间的真实的距离感,这与普通投影显示***明显的区别是普通投影显示***只能在一个固定的平面显示画面,因此画面无深度信息表达效果),实际工作过程中焦深调节的过程可以是实时的也可以是根据画面显示内容每隔一段时间做一次焦深调整(通常影视或者其他视频一段时间内画面整体景深维持在一个水平,只有在场景出现切换时才会出现画面景深较大的跳动)。The projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional picture, so as to project a two-dimensional picture on a certain focal plane in the space, and then adjust the depth of field and the picture content of the two-dimensional picture through the controller 4 (presenting a 2D picture). The content of the picture can also show the real sense of distance between the picture and the user, which is obviously different from the ordinary projection display system. The ordinary projection display system can only display the picture on a fixed plane, so the picture has no depth information expression effect. ), the process of adjusting the depth of focus in the actual work process can be real-time or it can be adjusted at intervals according to the content of the screen (usually, the overall depth of field of the film or other video is maintained at the same level for a period of time. When the scene is switched, there will be a large jump in the depth of field of the screen).
投影器1还可以使用在空间不同景深处的二维画面组的全息投影设备来实现3D显示,例如,可以进一步对普通投影设备进行光学设计,使之能够在采用单个投影器的基础上实现3D显示,可以参考申请号为202010029144.5的一种全固态全息投影仪,通过在投影器内部通过增加一些光学元件进行光学设计实现三维画面显示的技术方案,这里不做具体限定。The projector 1 can also use the holographic projection equipment of two-dimensional picture groups in different depths of field to realize 3D display. For example, the optical design of ordinary projection equipment can be further carried out, so that 3D can be realized on the basis of using a single projector. For display, you can refer to an all-solid-state holographic projector with application number 202010029144.5, which is a technical solution for realizing three-dimensional screen display by adding some optical elements inside the projector for optical design, which is not specifically limited here.
几何全息屏2可以是透射式几何全息屏5,是具有把位于一侧的像点汇聚到其另一侧形成共轭像点的屏幕,其位置与投影器1相对应,用于把投影器1投影出的图像转化到相对透射式几何全息屏5的光学共轭位置,其作用是把投影器1投影出的发散的画面经过转化后汇聚到视窗位置供用户观看,优选使用柔性全息屏,这样可以做成卷轴屏或者折叠屏,从而使***整体更加紧凑、便携,当然对于合适的场合也可以使用硬质的屏幕。The geometric holographic screen 2 can be a transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, which is a screen with a converging image point on one side to form a conjugate image point on the other side, the position of which corresponds to the projector 1, and is used for the projector. 1. The projected image is converted to an optical conjugate position relative to the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, and its function is to convert the divergent picture projected by the projector 1 to the window position for the user to watch, preferably a flexible holographic screen, In this way, a scrolling screen or a folding screen can be made, so that the whole system is more compact and portable. Of course, a rigid screen can also be used for suitable occasions.
当需要兼容显示2D画面时,透射式几何全息屏5可以用普通投影屏替代,如普通背投屏。When a 2D picture needs to be displayed compatibly, the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 can be replaced by a common projection screen, such as a common rear projection screen.
支持结构3分别与投影器1和透射式几何全息屏5相匹配,为二者提供物理结构支撑,具体可以是将支持结构3可以做成结构固定的支撑架,此时,本实用新型的显示***整体是固定不动的,用户需要在一个固定的方位才可以观察到画面。The support structure 3 is matched with the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 respectively, and provides physical structural support for the two. Specifically, the support structure 3 can be made into a support frame with a fixed structure. At this time, the display of the present invention The system as a whole is fixed, and users need to be in a fixed position to observe the screen.
控制器4与投影器1电连接,投影器1可以根据控制器4的控制信号来调节投影画面的景深和画面内容。The controller 4 is electrically connected to the projector 1 , and the projector 1 can adjust the depth of field and the content of the projected image according to the control signal of the controller 4 .
为了增加显示***的灵活性,将支持结构3设置为可以运动和/或者变形的结构,将支持结构3和控制器4电连接,支持结构3根据控制器4的控制信息做出相应响应动作,从而实现投影器1和透射式几何全息屏5之间相对运动和/或整体运动,使得***的可视视窗始终覆盖用户的眼睛,使得用户在不同的方位都可以正常观看画面,需要说明的是支持结构3为一般现有技术,本领域的技术人员可以根据实际应用的空间条件自行设计,比如:使用一些铰链结构和类似于伞轴或者伞骨的结构,本领域技术人员可以非常容易的设计出满足要求的结构,这里不做具体限定。In order to increase the flexibility of the display system, the support structure 3 is set as a structure that can move and/or deform, and the support structure 3 is electrically connected with the controller 4, and the support structure 3 makes corresponding actions according to the control information of the controller 4, Thereby, the relative movement and/or the overall movement between the projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is realized, so that the visual window of the system always covers the user's eyes, so that the user can view the screen normally in different directions. It should be noted that The support structure 3 is a general prior art, and those skilled in the art can design it by themselves according to the space conditions of the practical application, such as: using some hinge structures and structures similar to the umbrella shaft or the umbrella rib, those skilled in the art can design it very easily A structure that meets the requirements is not limited here.
如图5,作为优选方案,本实用新型所述的全息显示***还包括与控制器4电连接的交互动作捕捉单元10,交互动作捕捉单元10用于识别用户的交互动作并将用户交互动作信息发送给控制器4,控制器4根据接收到的交互动作捕捉单元10获取的用户交互动作信息调整显示画面内容,实现用户与画面的交互动作,具体可以是采用摄像头结合机器视觉技术来识别用户的手势动作来获取用户的交互信息,从而控制支持结构3运动和/或变形,从而调整***各部件的空间位置和姿态,控制器4还可以根据接收的交互动作捕捉单元10获取的用户交互动作信息来实时调整显示画面内容,实现用户与画面的交互动作,比如根据平移手势信号,控制画面进行平移,或者根据对应的其他交互动作控制画面的放大、拉近、推远、触碰等操作。As shown in Fig. 5, as a preferred solution, the holographic display system of the present invention further includes an interactive motion capture unit 10 electrically connected to the controller 4, and the interactive motion capture unit 10 is used to identify the user's interactive action and record the user's interactive action information. It is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 adjusts the content of the displayed screen according to the user interactive action information obtained by the received interactive action capture unit 10, so as to realize the interactive action between the user and the screen. Specifically, the camera can be combined with machine vision technology to identify the user's Gesture actions are used to obtain user interaction information, thereby controlling the movement and/or deformation of the support structure 3, thereby adjusting the spatial position and posture of each component of the system. The controller 4 can also capture the user interaction action information obtained by the unit 10 according to the received interaction action It can adjust the content of the displayed screen in real time and realize the interaction between the user and the screen, such as controlling the screen to pan according to the pan gesture signal, or controlling the zooming in, zooming in, pushing away, touching and other operations of the screen according to other corresponding interactive actions.
交互动作捕捉单元10的设置对于类似于穿戴式应用这种用户相对显示***的空间位置固定不变的应用情景具有积极的意义。The setting of the interactive motion capture unit 10 has positive significance for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system is fixed, similar to the wearable application.
另外,对于用户相对显示***的空间位置实时变动的应用情景,需要设置一个与控制器4电连接的人眼跟踪单元11,人眼跟踪单元11用于跟踪人眼的位置并将人眼的定位信息发送给控制器4,控制器4根据接收到的人眼跟踪单元11获取的人眼定位信息,来控制支持结构3做出相应的动作响应,来调整各个部件(投影器1、透射式几何全息屏5和第一光路折叠镜组6)的空间位置,使用户眼睛始终处于***的可视空间内,这样用户即使在运动状态下眼睛也可以始终接收到投影信息,正常观看画面。In addition, for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system changes in real time, an eye tracking unit 11 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 needs to be set up. The eye tracking unit 11 is used to track the position of the human eye and locate the human eye. The information is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the support structure 3 to make corresponding action responses according to the received eye positioning information obtained by the eye tracking unit 11 to adjust the various components (projector 1, transmission geometry The spatial position of the holographic screen 5 and the first optical path folding mirror group 6) makes the user's eyes always in the visible space of the system, so that the user's eyes can always receive projection information even in a moving state and watch the picture normally.
实际应用中,人眼跟踪单元11和交互动作捕捉单元10可以集成在同一个设备内完成,比如使用一个机器视觉摄像设备等。In practical applications, the human eye tracking unit 11 and the interactive motion capture unit 10 can be integrated in the same device, for example, a machine vision camera device is used.
如图3和图4,为了进一步提升***的灵活性,还可以在的一侧或者两侧设置第一光路折叠镜组6,第一光路折叠镜组6也与支持结构3连接,第一光路折叠镜组6中至少包含一面反射镜,这样就可以对成像光路进行调整,使其能够适应各种应用空间场景。对于包含第一光路折叠镜组6的全息显示***,可以通过支持结构3同时控制投影器1、透射式几何全息屏5和第一光路折叠镜组6三者之间的进行相对或者整体运动从而实时调整,保证用户可以正常观看。As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , in order to further improve the flexibility of the system, a first optical path folding mirror group 6 can also be provided on one side or both sides, and the first optical path folding mirror group 6 is also connected to the support structure 3. The first optical path The folding mirror group 6 includes at least one mirror, so that the imaging optical path can be adjusted so that it can adapt to various application space scenarios. For the holographic display system including the first optical path folding mirror group 6, the relative or overall movement of the projector 1, the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 and the first optical path folding mirror group 6 can be controlled simultaneously through the support structure 3, thereby Real-time adjustment to ensure that users can watch normally.
本实用新型的显示***包括有若干视点,任意单视点面积为SLm
2,透射式几何全息屏5的有效投影面积为SP m
2,单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与透射式几何全息屏5的中心之间的光程距离为L米,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角均满足:
The display system of the present invention includes several viewpoints, the area of any single viewpoint is SLm 2 , the effective projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is SP m 2 , the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 The optical path distance between the centers is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
其中,视点的相关概念解释参见公开号为CN111338175A的透射式几何全息显示***。For the explanation of the related concept of viewpoint, please refer to the transmission type geometric holographic display system with publication number CN111338175A.
上述透射式几何全息屏5的有效投影面积SP m
2的优选范围0.005~1.5m
2,具体为透射式几何全息屏5的最大水平投影面积,也可以直接放置在平面上,按照被覆盖平面的面积来计算。实际设计时对于规则的形状,可以直接利用几何关系进行计算,比如矩形屏幕可以直接通过长和宽进行计算等,对于异形屏幕和曲面屏幕等,难以直接进行面积计算,可以放置在平面上按照覆盖面积进行计算。
The preferred range of the effective projection area SP m 2 of the above-mentioned transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 0.005-1.5 m 2 , specifically the maximum horizontal projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5, which can also be directly placed on a plane. area to calculate. In actual design, the regular shape can be directly calculated by geometric relationship. For example, the rectangular screen can be directly calculated by the length and width, etc. For special-shaped screens and curved screens, it is difficult to directly calculate the area. It can be placed on a plane according to the coverage area is calculated.
单视点面积SL m
2优选范围0.000004~0.5m
2,单视点面积应与投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积对应,以一个投影器1提供一个视点或者多个视点为例进行说明:
The single viewpoint area SL m 2 preferably ranges from 0.000004 to 0.5 m 2 , and the single viewpoint area should correspond to the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1. Take one projector 1 providing one viewpoint or multiple viewpoints as an example to illustrate:
如图6,当投影器1提供一个视点,单视点面积SL等于投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积。As shown in FIG. 6 , when the projector 1 provides a viewpoint, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 .
当投影器1提供两个视点,单视点面积SL等于投影器1的镜头最外侧镜片透光部分面积的一半。When the projector 1 provides two viewpoints, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to half of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 .
同理,提供N个视点时,单视点面积SL等于投影器1的镜头最外侧镜片透光部分面积的1/N,N优选1~6。Similarly, when N viewpoints are provided, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to 1/N of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 , and N is preferably 1-6.
上述投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分面积的计算方法同透射式几何全息屏5的有效投影面积计算方法。The calculation method for the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 is the same as the calculation method for the effective projection area of the transmission-type geometric holographic screen 5 .
上述单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与透射式几何全息屏5的中心之间的光程距离L的优选范围0.1~10米,且工作状态下单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与透射式几何全息屏5的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值L
MAX与最小值L
MIN的比值应满足:
此时才能够使得跟踪范围与用户运动范围 更加匹配;进一步地,为了配合办公等室内场景下用户的活动范围,进一步优选
The preferred range of the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 0.1 to 10 meters, and in the working state, the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the transmissive geometric hologram The ratio of the maximum value L MAX to the minimum value L MIN of the optical path distance L between the centers of the screen 5 should satisfy: At this time, the tracking range can be more matched with the user's motion range; further, in order to match the user's range of activities in indoor scenes such as office, the
设计时可以通过软尺测量最外侧镜面中心和透射式几何全息屏5中心之间的距离,对于含有第一光路折叠镜组6的显示***,可以在第一光路折叠镜组6表面覆盖一层光吸收膜(如黑色的纸张),膜上设置一个小孔,这样只有小孔的位置可以对光线进行反射,其他位置无法反射光线。通过移动光吸收膜来改变小孔的位置可以找到投影器1最外侧镜片中心发出的、最终照射在透射式几何全息屏5中心的光线在第一光路折叠镜组6每一个镜片上的作用点,这样就可以测量出过程中的光程距离,当然,也可以根据几何关系直接计算光程距离L,基于以上的测试方法,对于含有第一光路折叠镜组6的显示***,L为如图7所示的L1与L2之和。When designing, the distance between the center of the outermost mirror surface and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 can be measured by a soft ruler. For the display system containing the first optical path folding mirror group 6, a layer of the first optical path folding mirror group 6 can be covered. Light-absorbing film (such as black paper), a small hole is set on the film, so that only the position of the small hole can reflect light, and other positions cannot reflect light. By moving the light absorbing film to change the position of the small hole, the action point of the light emitted from the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and finally irradiated on the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 on each lens of the first optical path folding mirror group 6 can be found , in this way, the optical path distance in the process can be measured. Of course, the optical path distance L can also be directly calculated according to the geometric relationship. Based on the above test method, for the display system containing the first optical path folding mirror group 6, L is as shown in the figure The sum of L1 and L2 shown in 7.
需要说明的是,由于本显示***工作时(向用户投射显示3D画面时)需要根据用户眼睛位置不断调整视窗位置,所以L并不是一个定值,而是一个范围,所以设计时需要保证这个范围内任意L值都满足以上公式;需要说明的是L为过工作过程中的几何关系尺寸,即***正常为用户提供显示内容的状态下的特征,当处于非工作状态,或者收纳状态时L的值并不需要满足公式的限制。It should be noted that, since the display system needs to continuously adjust the window position according to the user's eye position when working (when projecting a 3D image to the user), L is not a fixed value, but a range, so it is necessary to ensure this range during design. Any value of L in the interior satisfies the above formula; it should be noted that L is the geometrical relationship size during the working process, that is, the system normally provides the user with the characteristics of the display content state, when it is in the non-working state or in the storage state, the value of L is The value does not need to satisfy the constraints of the formula.
当然对于穿戴类/固定式应用L可以设置为一个定值。Of course, L can be set to a fixed value for wearable/fixed applications.
以下对有效观赏立体角设计规则的原理进行简单阐述:全息显示***是通过光场重建手段来实现画面显示的,能够再现具有深度信息的立体图像。但是仅仅表现出深度信息是不足以提供足够的视觉冲击的,很多应用场景下还需要有一定的有效观赏立体角才能够使用户得到较好的使用体验。为了追求极致的3D视觉体验,使虚拟显示内容能够达到真实世界一样的光学效果,需要提供大约5.2球面度的立体角。通常生活场景中应用一般需要大于0.7球面度就可以表现出舒适的3D图像,对于一些特殊场景,比如行车导航场景下或者XR场景下虚拟跟真实物体融合显示场景下等,用户注视区域比较集中时,有效观赏立体角大于0.0076即可满足使用需求。综上,单个视点的显示立体角需要设置在0.0076~5.2之间。The principle of the effective viewing solid angle design rule is briefly explained below: the holographic display system realizes the screen display by means of light field reconstruction, and can reproduce the stereoscopic image with depth information. However, only showing depth information is not enough to provide enough visual impact. In many application scenarios, a certain effective viewing solid angle is required to enable users to get a better experience. In order to pursue the ultimate 3D visual experience and make the virtual display content achieve the same optical effect as the real world, it is necessary to provide a solid angle of about 5.2 steradian. Usually, the application in the life scene generally needs more than 0.7 steradian to show a comfortable 3D image. For some special scenes, such as the driving navigation scene or the virtual and real object fusion display scene in the XR scene, etc., when the user's gaze area is relatively concentrated , the effective viewing solid angle is greater than 0.0076 to meet the needs of use. To sum up, the display solid angle of a single viewpoint needs to be set between 0.0076 and 5.2.
对于本发明显示***,投影镜头中心与透射式几何全息屏5中心之间的连线(主光线)与透射几何全息屏的夹角理想配置角度为45°,但是由于全息显示***工作时会随着用户的运动进行跟随运动,所以并不能始终保持在理想配置角度,某些工作条件下夹角会小一些,所以在设计时需要兼顾考虑这些情况下的沉浸感。当主光线与透射式几何全息屏5之间的夹角为35°时,如果能够保证一定的沉浸感,***的整体使用体验感就非常不错,这个结论也通过实验和用户体验反馈得到证实。此配置下,透射式几何全息屏的有效光 场控制面积可以近似用SP·sin(35°),考虑到视窗本身有一定大小,需要扣除视窗本身占用的面积SL进行修正,然后除以视窗(也是投影器最外侧镜面中心)到透射式几何全息屏5中心之间的距离即可计算出实际显示***的显示有效观赏立体角的一个非常准确的近似值。For the display system of the present invention, the ideal configuration angle between the line between the center of the projection lens and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 (principal ray) and the transmissive geometric holographic screen is 45°. It follows the movement of the user, so it cannot always maintain the ideal configuration angle, and the included angle will be smaller under certain working conditions, so it is necessary to take into account the immersion in these situations when designing. When the angle between the main ray and the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 is 35°, if a certain sense of immersion can be guaranteed, the overall user experience of the system will be very good. This conclusion has also been confirmed by experiments and user experience feedback. Under this configuration, the effective light field control area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen can be approximated by SP · sin (35°). Considering that the window itself has a certain size, it is necessary to deduct the area SL occupied by the window itself for correction, and then divide by the window ( A very accurate approximation of the display effective viewing solid angle of the actual display system can be calculated from the distance between the center of the outermost mirror surface of the projector and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen 5 .
以下结合实施例进行说明,具体见表1:Describe below in conjunction with embodiment, specifically see Table 1:
表1Table 1
以上实施例给出了一些比较理想的配置模式。虽然以上实施例中所有尺寸都是采用米(m)作为单位,但是并不是限定为只能使用这些尺寸值,实际应用中考虑几何相似性,所有尺寸进行整体缩放,或者其他任意尺寸组合形成和实施例相似立体角,其显示效果也会是一致的不会发生明显的变化。事实上,实际测试中对部分实施例中的数值整体缩放范围0.001~1000倍以及其他不同尺寸组合也进行过实际测试,只要有效观赏立体角相似,用户使用体验上没有感觉到不同尺寸之间的差异,进一步说明实施尺寸不是影响效果的关键因素,而有效观赏立体角才是。The above embodiments provide some ideal configuration modes. Although all dimensions in the above embodiments are in meters (m), it is not limited to use only these dimension values. In practical applications, geometric similarity is considered, and all dimensions are scaled as a whole, or any other dimensions are combined to form a sum of The embodiment is similar to the solid angle, and the display effect thereof will also be consistent without obvious change. In fact, the actual test has also been carried out on the overall scaling range of 0.001 to 1000 times and other different size combinations in some embodiments. As long as the effective viewing solid angles are similar, the user experience does not feel the difference between different sizes. The difference further shows that the implementation size is not the key factor affecting the effect, but the effective viewing solid angle is.
实际应用可以根据应用场景进一步进行优选设计:Practical applications can be further optimized according to the application scenario:
(1)对于桌面类应用场景:(1) For desktop application scenarios:
办公场景下,对于有效观赏立体角度要求较低,优选0.2~0.6,此时能够表现出不错的立体效果,同时有一定的沉浸感,可以满足大多数条件下的办公需求。In the office scene, the requirements for the effective viewing three-dimensional angle are low, preferably 0.2 to 0.6. At this time, it can show a good three-dimensional effect, and at the same time have a certain sense of immersion, which can meet the office needs under most conditions.
游戏娱乐场景下,有效观赏立体角优选0.6~0.8,此时能够表现出不错的立体效果,同时沉浸感进一步提升。In the game entertainment scene, the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.6 to 0.8, which can show a good three-dimensional effect and further enhance the immersion.
设计、研发、仿真等应用场景下,有效观赏立体角优选0.8~1.2,此时立体效果和沉浸感进一步提升,具备跟物理世界相衔接的效果。In application scenarios such as design, research and development, and simulation, the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.8 to 1.2. At this time, the stereo effect and immersion are further improved, and it has the effect of connecting with the physical world.
(2)对于穿戴类应用场景:(2) For wearable application scenarios:
对于眼镜类型辅助显示场景,每一个视点的有效显示有效观赏立体角进一步优选1.2~2.2,提供足够的沉浸感。For the glasses-type auxiliary display scene, the effective viewing solid angle of the effective display of each viewpoint is further preferably 1.2-2.2, so as to provide a sufficient sense of immersion.
对于头戴/穿戴式影音类应用场景每一个视点的有效观赏立体角进一步优选2.2~3.4,此时显示立体角较大,沉浸感较强。For the head-mounted/wearable audio-visual application scenario, the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 2.2 to 3.4. At this time, the display solid angle is larger and the immersion is stronger.
对于头戴/穿戴式游戏类应用场景每一个视点的有效观赏立体角进一步优选2.5~3.8,此时沉浸感较强可以进一步增强。For head-mounted/wearable game application scenarios, the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 2.5-3.8, and the sense of immersion can be further enhanced at this time.
(3)对于远程操作类应用场景:(3) For remote operation application scenarios:
远程操控机器人进行手术类场景,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角进一步优选3~4,此时现场光学环境表现较为真实。For remote control of the robot for surgical scenes, the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 3 to 4. At this time, the performance of the on-site optical environment is more realistic.
远程操控机器人进行野外搜救作业场景,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角进一步优选4~5.2,可以极大程度上模拟真实环境,营造出身临其境的感觉。For remote control of robots for field search and rescue operations, the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint is further preferably 4 to 5.2, which can simulate the real environment to a great extent and create an immersive feeling.
对于一个投影器只提供一个视点的情况下,SL优选0.000004m
2~0.0025m
2之间(4平方毫米~25平方厘米),此范围内能够保证在提供完整的视窗的情况下使得投影器尽可能小巧。
For a projector that only provides one viewpoint, the SL is preferably between 0.000004m 2 and 0.0025m 2 (4 square millimeters to 25 square centimeters). This range can ensure that the projector can be fully Possibly small.
对于一个投影器提供两个视点的情况下,最外侧镜片透光面积优选49平方厘米~100平方厘米之间,此范围内能够保证投影器不是特别的笨重。In the case where one projector provides two viewpoints, the light-transmitting area of the outermost lens is preferably between 49 square centimeters and 100 square centimeters, which can ensure that the projector is not particularly bulky.
此外,对于桌面应用场景:Also, for desktop application scenarios:
SP优选0.04平方米~1.2平方米之间,L优选0.2~1米之间,此时可以达到最优的桌面空间占用和有效观赏立体角之间的平衡。The SP is preferably between 0.04 square meters and 1.2 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.2 and 1 meter. At this time, the balance between the optimal desktop space occupation and the effective viewing solid angle can be achieved.
对于移动终端式应用场景:For mobile terminal application scenarios:
SP优选0.02平方米~0.16平方米,L优选0.1~0.6米之间,此时可以较好的兼顾便携性平衡,进一步,全息屏可以做成折叠式或者卷轴式的。The SP is preferably 0.02 square meters to 0.16 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 meters. At this time, the portability balance can be better taken into account. Further, the holographic screen can be made into a foldable or scroll type.
对于穿戴式应用场景:For wearable application scenarios:
SP优选4平方厘米~50平方厘米,L优选5~12毫米之间,此时可以较好的满足穿戴需求。进一步地,可以设置成两个眼镜共用同一个透射式几何全息屏幕或者分别为每个眼镜单独设置一个透射式几何全息屏幕,对于每个眼镜单独设置一个透射式几何全息屏幕的情况,SP优选设置为4cm
2~12.8cm
2之间比较合适,对于两个眼镜共用同一个透射式几何全息屏幕的SP优选28cm
2~50cm
2之间比较合适。
The SP is preferably 4 square centimeters to 50 square centimeters, and the L is preferably between 5 and 12 mm, which can better meet the wearing needs. Further, it can be set that two glasses share the same transmission type geometric holographic screen or a transmission type geometric holographic screen is separately set for each glasses, for the case where each glasses are provided with a transmission type geometric holographic screen separately, SP is preferably set. It is more suitable to be between 4cm 2 and 12.8cm 2 , and it is more suitable for the SP of two glasses to share the same transmissive geometric holographic screen, preferably between 28cm 2 and 50cm 2 .
如图8至图16,本实用新型提供一种优化显示配置的反射式几何全息显 示***,包括至少一个投影器1、几何全息屏2、支持结构3和控制器4;8 to 16, the present utility model provides a reflective geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration, comprising at least one projector 1, a geometric holographic screen 2, a support structure 3 and a controller 4;
投影器1是用于在空间投影出画面信息,本实用新型可以直接采用全息投影仪作为投影器1,实现3D显示。The projector 1 is used to project picture information in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
投影器1也可以采用能够投影二维画面的普通投影设备,实现在空间内的某个焦平面上投影出二维画面,然后通过控制器4来调节二维画面的景深和画面内容。The projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional image, so as to project a two-dimensional image on a certain focal plane in space, and then adjust the depth of field and image content of the two-dimensional image through the controller 4 .
投影器1是用于在空间投影出画面信息(具有深度的画面信息),本实用新型可以直接采用全息投影仪作为投影器1,实现3D显示。The projector 1 is used to project picture information (picture information with depth) in space, and the present invention can directly use the holographic projector as the projector 1 to realize 3D display.
投影器1也可以采用能够投影二维画面的普通投影设备,实现在空间内的某个焦平面上投影出二维画面,然后通过控制器4来调节二维画面的景深和画面内容(呈现出画面内容的同时还可以表现出画面与用户之间的真实的距离感,这与普通投影显示***明显的区别是普通投影显示***只能在一个固定的平面显示画面,因此画面无深度信息表达效果),实际工作过程中焦深调节的过程可以是实时的也可以是根据画面显示内容每隔一段时间做一次焦深调整(通常影视或者其他视频一段时间内画面整体景深维持在一个水平,只有在场景出现切换时才会出现画面景深较大的跳动)。The projector 1 can also use a common projection device capable of projecting a two-dimensional picture, so as to project a two-dimensional picture on a certain focal plane in the space, and then adjust the depth of field and the picture content of the two-dimensional picture through the controller 4 (presenting a 2D picture). The content of the picture can also show the real sense of distance between the picture and the user, which is obviously different from the ordinary projection display system. The ordinary projection display system can only display the picture on a fixed plane, so the picture has no depth information expression effect. ), the process of adjusting the depth of focus in the actual work process can be real-time or it can be adjusted at intervals according to the content of the screen (usually, the overall depth of field of the film or other video is maintained at the same level for a period of time. When the scene is switched, there will be a large jump in the depth of field of the screen).
投影器1还可以使用在空间不同景深处的二维画面组的全息投影设备来实现3D显示,例如,可以进一步对普通投影设备进行光学设计,使之能够在采用单个投影器的基础上实现3D显示,可以参考申请号为202010029144.5的一种全固态全息投影仪,通过在投影器内部通过增加一些光学元件进行光学设计实现三维画面显示的技术方案,这里不做具体限定。The projector 1 can also use the holographic projection equipment of two-dimensional picture groups in different depths of field to realize 3D display. For example, the optical design of ordinary projection equipment can be further carried out, so that 3D can be realized on the basis of using a single projector. For display, you can refer to an all-solid-state holographic projector with application number 202010029144.5, which is a technical solution for realizing three-dimensional screen display by adding some optical elements inside the projector for optical design, which is not specifically limited here.
几何全息屏2可以包括辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8,辅助成像屏7用于分光,优选半透半反膜,投影器1的投射光线照射到辅助成像屏7之后,部分光线被反射到反射式几何全息屏8上,通过反射式几何全息屏8对光线的调制,使任意照射在反射式几何全息屏8上的光线逆反射后原方向返回,逆反射的光线部分透过辅助成像屏7后在空中形成离屏的投影画面。The geometric holographic screen 2 may include an auxiliary imaging screen 7 and a reflective geometric holographic screen 8. The auxiliary imaging screen 7 is used for light splitting, preferably a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. Reflected on the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, through the modulation of the light by the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, any light irradiated on the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is retroreflected and returned to the original direction, and the retroreflected light is partially transmitted through the auxiliary The imaging screen 7 then forms an off-screen projection image in the air.
反射式几何全息屏8用于对照射到其上的、与截面不平行的其他角度的入射光线进行逆反射,可以这些光线偏移距离d㎜之后逆反射回去,d为出射光线与反射式几何全息膜入射面的交点到入射光线的距离,d≤1㎜,优选柔性的全息屏,反射式几何全息屏8的数量为一个或者两个。The reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is used to retro-reflect the incident light rays from other angles that are not parallel to the cross section. These rays can be retro-reflected after being offset by a distance of d mm, where d is the outgoing light and the reflective geometry. The distance from the intersection of the incident surface of the holographic film to the incident light, d≤1 mm, is preferably a flexible holographic screen, and the number of reflective geometric holographic screens 8 is one or two.
反射式几何全息屏8数量为一个时,将其设置于辅助成像屏7的任意一侧。When there is one reflective geometric holographic screen 8 , it is arranged on any side of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 .
反射式几何全息屏8数量为两个时,则分别设置于辅助成像屏7的两侧,当显示***包含2个反射式几何全息屏8时,***的光能利用率和成像质量均较高。When the number of reflective geometric holographic screens 8 is two, they are respectively arranged on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7. When the display system includes two reflective geometric holographic screens 8, the light energy utilization rate and imaging quality of the system are high. .
优选的是,反射式几何全息屏8的内部设有一系列横截面为直角三角形或者矩形和直角三角形组合的五边形的柱状基元棱镜,具体结构以及逆反射原理参见公开号为CN111338177A的反射式几何全息显示***,这里不作赘述。Preferably, the interior of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is provided with a series of pentagonal columnar primitive prisms whose cross-sections are right-angled triangles or a combination of rectangles and right-angled triangles. For specific structures and retroreflection principles, please refer to the reflective type with publication number CN111338177A The geometric holographic display system will not be repeated here.
支持结构3分别与投影器1、辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8相匹配,为三者提供物理结构支撑,具体可以是将支持结构3可以做成结构固定的支撑架,此时,本实用新型的显示***整体是固定不动的,用户需要在一个固定的方位才可以观察到画面。The support structure 3 is respectively matched with the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 to provide physical structural support for the three. Specifically, the support structure 3 can be made into a support frame with a fixed structure. At this time, The overall display system of the utility model is fixed, and the user needs to be in a fixed orientation to observe the screen.
控制器4与投影器1电连接,投影器1可以根据控制器4的控制信号来调节投影画面的景深和画面内容。The controller 4 is electrically connected to the projector 1 , and the projector 1 can adjust the depth of field and the content of the projected image according to the control signal of the controller 4 .
为了增加显示***的灵活性,将支持结构3设置为可以运动和/或变形的结构,将支持结构3和控制器4电连接,支持结构3根据控制器4的控制信息做出相应响应动作,从而实现投影器1、辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8三者之间相对运动和/或整体运动,使得***的可视视窗始终覆盖用户的眼睛,使得用户在不同的方位都可以正常观看画面,需要说明的是支持结构3为一般现有技术,本领域的技术人员可以根据实际应用的空间条件自行设计,比如:使用一些铰链结构和类似于伞轴和/或伞骨的结构可以非常容易的设计出可以变形的结构,这里不做具体限定。In order to increase the flexibility of the display system, the support structure 3 is set as a structure that can move and/or deform, and the support structure 3 is electrically connected to the controller 4, and the support structure 3 makes corresponding actions according to the control information of the controller 4, Thereby, the relative movement and/or the overall movement between the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 is realized, so that the visual window of the system always covers the user's eyes, so that the user can be normal in different directions. Looking at the picture, it should be noted that the support structure 3 is a general prior art, and those skilled in the art can design it by themselves according to the space conditions of the actual application, such as: using some hinge structures and structures similar to the umbrella shaft and/or the umbrella rib can It is very easy to design a deformable structure, which is not specifically limited here.
如图11,作为优选方案,本实用新型所述的全息显示***还包括与控制器4电连接的交互动作捕捉单元10,交互动作捕捉单元10用于识别用户的交互动作并将用户交互动作信息发送给控制器4,控制器4根据接收到的交互动作捕捉单元10获取的用户交互动作信息调整显示画面内容,实现用户与画面的交互动作,具体可以是采用摄像头结合机器视觉技术来识别用户的手势动作来获取用户的交互信息,从而控制支持结构3变形和/或运动,从而调整***各部件的空间位置和姿态,控制器4还可以根据接收的交互动作捕捉单元10获取的用户交互动作信息来实时调整显示画面内容,实现用户与画面的交互动作,比如根据平移手势信号,控制画面进行平移,或者根据对应的其他交互动作控制画面的放大、拉近、推远、触碰等操作。As shown in FIG. 11 , as a preferred solution, the holographic display system of the present invention further includes an interactive motion capture unit 10 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 , and the interactive motion capture unit 10 is used to identify the user's interactive action and capture the user's interactive action information. It is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 adjusts the content of the displayed screen according to the user interactive action information obtained by the received interactive action capture unit 10, so as to realize the interactive action between the user and the screen. Specifically, the camera can be combined with machine vision technology to identify the user's Gesture actions are used to obtain user interaction information, thereby controlling the deformation and/or movement of the support structure 3, thereby adjusting the spatial position and posture of each component of the system. The controller 4 can also capture the user interaction action information obtained by the unit 10 according to the received interaction action It can adjust the content of the displayed screen in real time and realize the interaction between the user and the screen, such as controlling the screen to pan according to the pan gesture signal, or controlling the zooming in, zooming in, pushing away, touching and other operations of the screen according to other corresponding interactive actions.
交互动作捕捉单元10的设置对于类似于穿戴式应用这种用户相对显示***的空间位置固定不变的应用情景具有积极的意义。The setting of the interactive motion capture unit 10 has positive significance for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system is fixed, similar to the wearable application.
另外,对于用户相对显示***的空间位置实时变动的应用情景,需要设置一个与控制器4电连接的人眼跟踪单元11,人眼跟踪单元11用于跟踪人眼的位置并将人眼的定位信息发送给控制器4,控制器4根据接收到的人眼跟踪单元11获取的人眼定位信息,来控制支持结构3做出相应的动作响应,来调整投影器1、辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8三者之间的相对位置和/ 或整体空间位置,使用户眼睛始终处于***的可视空间内,这样用户即使在运动状态下眼睛也可以始终接收到投影信息,正常观看画面。In addition, for the application scenario in which the spatial position of the user relative to the display system changes in real time, an eye tracking unit 11 that is electrically connected to the controller 4 needs to be set up. The eye tracking unit 11 is used to track the position of the human eye and locate the human eye. The information is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the support structure 3 to make corresponding action responses according to the received eye positioning information obtained by the eye tracking unit 11 to adjust the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflection The relative position and/or the overall spatial position of the three geometric holographic screen 8, so that the user's eyes are always in the visual space of the system, so that the user's eyes can always receive projection information even when moving, and watch the picture normally. .
实际应用中,人眼跟踪单元11和交互动作捕捉单元10可以集成在同一个设备内完成,比如使用一个机器视觉摄像设备等。In practical applications, the human eye tracking unit 11 and the interactive motion capture unit 10 can be integrated in the same device, for example, a machine vision camera device is used.
如图12和图13,为了进一步提升***的灵活性,还可以在辅助成像屏7的一侧或者两侧设置第二光路折叠镜组9,第二光路折叠镜组9也与支持结构3连接,其至少包含一面反射镜,这样就可以对成像光路进行调整,使其能够适应各种应用空间场景。对于包含第二光路折叠镜组9的显示***,通过支持结构3同时控制投影器1、辅助成像屏7、反射式几何全息屏8和第二光路折叠镜组9四者之间的相对运动或者整体运动从而实时调整,保证用户可以正常观看。As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , in order to further improve the flexibility of the system, a second optical path folding mirror group 9 can also be provided on one side or both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 , and the second optical path folding mirror group 9 is also connected to the support structure 3 . , which contains at least one mirror, so that the imaging optical path can be adjusted so that it can adapt to various application space scenarios. For the display system including the second optical path folding mirror group 9, the relative motion among the projector 1, the auxiliary imaging screen 7, the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 and the second optical path folding mirror group 9 can be controlled simultaneously through the support structure 3 or The overall movement is adjusted in real time to ensure that users can watch it normally.
本实用新型的显示***包括有若干视点,单视点面积为SL m
2,辅助成像屏7的有效投影面积为SP m
2,单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与辅助成像屏7的中心之间的光程距离为L米,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角均满足:
The display system of the present invention includes several viewpoints, the area of a single viewpoint is SL m 2 , the effective projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is SP m 2 , and the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is SL m 2 . The optical path distance is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
其中,视点的相关概念解释参见公开号为CN111338177A的反射式几何全息显示***。For the explanation of the related concept of viewpoint, please refer to the reflective geometric holographic display system with publication number CN111338177A.
上述辅助成像屏7的有效投影面积SP m
2的优选范围0.005~1.5m
2,具体为辅助成像屏7的最大水平投影面积,也可以直接放置在平面上,按照被覆盖的平面的面积来计算。实际设计时对于规则的形状,可以直接利用几何关系进行计算,比如矩形屏幕可以直接通过长和宽进行计算等,对于异形屏幕和曲面屏幕等,难以直接进行面积计算,可以放置在平面上按照覆盖面积进行计算。
The preferred range of the above-mentioned effective projection area SP m 2 of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 0.005-1.5 m 2 , specifically the maximum horizontal projection area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7, which can also be directly placed on a plane and calculated according to the area of the covered plane . In actual design, the regular shape can be directly calculated by geometric relationship. For example, the rectangular screen can be directly calculated by the length and width, etc. For special-shaped screens and curved screens, it is difficult to directly calculate the area. It can be placed on a plane according to the coverage area is calculated.
单视点面积SL m
2优选范围0.000004~0.5m
2,单视点面积应与投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积对应,以一个投影器1提供一个视点或者多个视点为例进行说明:
The single viewpoint area SL m 2 preferably ranges from 0.000004 to 0.5 m 2 , and the single viewpoint area should correspond to the area of the light-transmitting part of the outermost lens of the projector 1. Take one projector 1 providing one viewpoint or multiple viewpoints as an example to illustrate:
如图15,当投影器1提供一个视点,单视点面积SL等于投影器1最外侧镜片透光部分的面积。As shown in FIG. 15 , when the projector 1 provides a viewpoint, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the projector 1 .
当投影器1提供两个视点,单视点面积SL等于投影器1的镜头最外侧镜片透光部分面积的一半。When the projector 1 provides two viewpoints, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to half of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 .
同理,提供N个视点时,单视点面积SL等于投影器1的镜头最外侧镜片透光部分面积的1/N,N优选1~6。Similarly, when N viewpoints are provided, the single viewpoint area SL is equal to 1/N of the area of the light-transmitting portion of the outermost lens of the lens of the projector 1 , and N is preferably 1-6.
单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与辅助成像屏7的中心之间的光程距离为L米,优选范围0.1~10米,且工作状态下单个投影器1最外侧镜片中心与辅 助成像屏7的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值L
MAX与最小值L
MIN的比值应满足:
此时才能够使得跟踪范围与用户运动范围更加匹配;进一步地,为了配合办公等室内场景下用户的活动范围,进一步优选
The optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is L meters, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 meters, and the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector 1 and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 in the working state is L meters. The ratio of the maximum value L MAX to the minimum value L MIN of the optical path distance L between the centers should satisfy: At this time, the tracking range can be more matched with the user's motion range; further, in order to match the user's range of activities in indoor scenes such as office, the
L为光线从投影器1最外侧镜片中心到辅助成像屏7的中心之间的光路行程距离,设计时可以通过软尺测量投影器1最外侧镜片中心和辅助成像屏7的中心之间的距离,对于含有第二光路折叠镜组9的显示***,可以在第二光路折叠镜组9表面覆盖一层光吸收膜(如黑色的纸张),膜上设置一个小孔,这样只有小孔的位置可以对光线进行反射,其他位置无法反射光线。通过移动光吸收膜来改变小孔的位置可以找到投影器1最外侧镜片中心发出的、最终照射在辅助成像屏7中心的光线在第二光路折叠镜组9每一个镜片上的作用点,这样就可以测量出过程中的光程距离L,当然,也可以根据几何关系直接计算光程距离,基于以上的测试方法,对于含有第二光路折叠镜组9的显示***,L为如图16所示的L1与L2之和。L is the light path travel distance from the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 to the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7. In the design, the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be measured by a soft ruler , for the display system containing the second optical path folding mirror group 9, a layer of light absorbing film (such as black paper) can be covered on the surface of the second optical path folding mirror group 9, and a small hole is set on the film, so that only the position of the small hole The light can be reflected, and the light cannot be reflected in other places. By changing the position of the small hole by moving the light absorbing film, the action point of the light emitted from the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and finally irradiated on the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 on each lens of the second optical path folding mirror group 9 can be found, so that The optical path distance L in the process can be measured. Of course, the optical path distance can also be directly calculated according to the geometric relationship. Based on the above test method, for the display system containing the second optical path folding mirror group 9, L is as shown in Figure 16. The sum of L1 and L2 shown.
需要说明的是,由于本显示***工作时(向用户投射显示3D画面时)需要根据用户眼睛位置不断调整视窗位置,所以L并不是一个定值,而是一个范围,所以设计时需要保证这个范围内任意L值都满足以上公式;需要说明的是L为过工作过程中的几何关系尺寸,即***正常为用户提供显示内容的状态下的特征,当处于非工作状态,或者收纳状态时L的值并不需要满足公式的限制。It should be noted that since the display system needs to continuously adjust the window position according to the user's eye position when it is working (when projecting a 3D image to the user), L is not a fixed value, but a range, so it is necessary to ensure this range during design. Any value of L in the interior satisfies the above formula; it should be noted that L is the geometrical relationship size during the working process, that is, the characteristics of the state in which the system normally provides the user with the displayed content. When it is in the non-working state or the storage state, L The value does not need to satisfy the constraints of the formula.
当然对于穿戴类/固定式应用L可以设置为一个定值。Of course, L can be set to a fixed value for wearable/fixed applications.
以下对有效观赏立体角设计规则的原理进行简单阐述:全息显示***是通过光场重建手段来实现画面显示的,能够再现具有深度信息的立体图像。但是仅仅表现出深度信息是不足以提供足够的视觉冲击的,很多应用场景下还需要有一定的有效观赏立体角才能够使用户得到较好的使用体验。为了追求极致的3D视觉体验,使虚拟显示内容能够达到真实世界一样的光学效果,需要提供大约5.2球面度的立体角。通常生活场景中应用一般需要大于0.7球面度就可以表现出舒适的3D图像,对于一些特殊场景,比如行车导航场景下或者XR场景下虚拟跟真实物体融合显示场景下等,用户注视区域比较集中时,有效观赏立体角大于0.0076即可满足使用需求。综上,单个视点的显示立体角需要设置在0.0076~5.2之间。The principle of the effective viewing solid angle design rule is briefly explained below: the holographic display system realizes the screen display by means of light field reconstruction, and can reproduce the stereoscopic image with depth information. However, only showing depth information is not enough to provide enough visual impact. In many application scenarios, a certain effective viewing solid angle is required to enable users to get a better experience. In order to pursue the ultimate 3D visual experience and make the virtual display content achieve the same optical effect as the real world, it is necessary to provide a solid angle of about 5.2 steradian. Usually, the application in the life scene generally needs more than 0.7 steradian to show a comfortable 3D image. For some special scenes, such as the driving navigation scene or the virtual and real object fusion display scene in the XR scene, etc., when the user's gaze area is relatively concentrated , the effective viewing solid angle is greater than 0.0076 to meet the needs of use. To sum up, the display solid angle of a single viewpoint needs to be set between 0.0076 and 5.2.
对于本实用新型显示***,投影镜头中心与辅助成像屏7中心之间的连线(主光线)与辅助成像屏7的夹角理想配置角度为45°,但是由于全息显示 ***工作时会随着用户的运动进行跟随运动,所以并不能始终保持在理想配置角度,某些工作条件下夹角会小一些,所以在设计时需要兼顾考虑这些情况下的沉浸感。当主光线与辅助成像屏7之间的夹角为35°时,如果能够保证一定的沉浸感,***的整体使用体验感就非常不错,这个结论也通过实验和用户体验反馈得到证实。此配置下,辅助成像屏7的有效光场控制面积可以近似用SP·sin(35°),考虑到视窗本身有一定大小,需要扣除视窗本身占用的面积SL进行修正,然后除以视窗(也是投影器1最外侧镜片中心)到辅助成像屏7中心之间的距离即可计算出实际显示***的显示有效观赏立体角的一个非常准确的近似值。For the display system of the present invention, the ideal configuration angle between the connection line (main ray) between the center of the projection lens and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 45°. The user's movement follows the movement, so it cannot always maintain the ideal configuration angle, and the included angle will be smaller under certain working conditions, so the immersion in these situations needs to be considered in the design. When the angle between the main light beam and the auxiliary imaging screen 7 is 35°, if a certain sense of immersion can be guaranteed, the overall user experience of the system will be very good. This conclusion has also been confirmed by experiments and user experience feedback. Under this configuration, the effective light field control area of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be approximated by SP·sin (35°). Considering that the window itself has a certain size, the area SL occupied by the window itself needs to be deducted for correction, and then divided by the window (also A very accurate approximation of the display effective viewing solid angle of the actual display system can be calculated from the distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector 1 and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 .
以下结合实施例进行说明,具体见上述表1。以上实施例给出了一些比较理想的配置模式。虽然以上实施例中所有尺寸都是采用米(m)作为单位,但是并不是限定为只能使用这些尺寸值,实际应用中考虑几何相似性,所有尺寸进行整体缩放,或者其他任意尺寸组合形成和实施例相似立体角,其显示效果也会是一致的不会发生明显的变化。事实上,实际测试中对部分实施例中的数值整体缩放范围0.001倍~1000倍以及其他不同尺寸组合也进行过实际测试,只要有效观赏立体角相似,用户使用体验上没有感觉到不同尺寸之间的差异,进一步说明实施尺寸不是影响效果的关键因素,而有效观赏立体角才是。Described below in conjunction with embodiments, see above-mentioned Table 1 for details. The above embodiments provide some ideal configuration modes. Although all dimensions in the above embodiments are in meters (m), it is not limited to use only these dimensions. In practical applications, geometric similarity is considered, and all dimensions are scaled as a whole, or any other dimensions are combined to form an The embodiment is similar to the solid angle, and the display effect thereof will also be consistent without obvious change. In fact, the actual test has also been conducted on the overall scaling range of 0.001 times to 1000 times and other different size combinations in some embodiments. As long as the effective viewing solid angles are similar, the user experience does not feel the difference between different sizes. The difference further shows that the implementation size is not the key factor affecting the effect, but the effective viewing solid angle is.
实际应用可以根据应用场景进一步进行优选设计:Practical applications can be further optimized according to the application scenario:
(1)对于桌面类应用场景:(1) For desktop application scenarios:
办公场景下,对于视点的有效观赏立体角度要求较低,优选0.2~0.6,此时能够表现出不错的立体效果,同时有一定的沉浸感,可以满足大多数条件下的办公需求。In the office scene, the requirements for the effective viewing stereo angle of the viewpoint are relatively low, preferably 0.2 to 0.6. At this time, it can show a good stereo effect, and at the same time, it has a certain sense of immersion, which can meet the office needs under most conditions.
游戏娱乐场景下,任意视点的有效观赏立体角优选0.6~0.8,此时能够表现出不错的立体效果,同时沉浸感进一步提升。In the game entertainment scene, the effective viewing solid angle of any viewpoint is preferably 0.6 to 0.8. At this time, a good three-dimensional effect can be exhibited, and the immersion is further improved.
设计、研发、仿真等应用场景下,有效观赏立体角优选0.8~1.2,此时立体效果和沉浸感进一步提升,具备跟物理世界相衔接的效果。In application scenarios such as design, research and development, and simulation, the effective viewing solid angle is preferably 0.8 to 1.2. At this time, the stereo effect and immersion are further improved, and it has the effect of connecting with the physical world.
(2)对于穿戴类应用场景:(2) For wearable application scenarios:
对于眼镜类型辅助显示场景,任意视点的有效显示有效观赏立体角进一步优选1.2~2.2,提供足够的沉浸感。For the glasses-type auxiliary display scene, the effective viewing solid angle of the effective display at any viewpoint is further preferably 1.2-2.2, which provides a sufficient sense of immersion.
对于头戴/穿戴式影音类应用场景的任意有效观赏立体角进一步优选2.2~3.4,此时显示立体角较大,沉浸感较强。For any effective viewing solid angle of head-mounted/wearable audio-visual application scenarios, 2.2 to 3.4 is further preferred. At this time, the display solid angle is larger and the sense of immersion is stronger.
对于头戴/穿戴式游戏类应用场景的任意有效观赏立体角进一步优选2.5~3.8,此时沉浸感较强可以进一步增强。For any effective viewing solid angle of head-mounted/wearable game application scenarios, 2.5 to 3.8 is further preferred, and the sense of immersion can be further enhanced at this time.
(3)对于远程操作类应用场景:(3) For remote operation application scenarios:
远程操控机器人进行手术类场景,任意有效观赏立体角进一步优选3~4,此时现场光学环境表现较为真实。For remote control of the robot for surgical scenes, the solid angle for any effective viewing is further preferably 3 to 4. At this time, the performance of the on-site optical environment is more realistic.
远程操控机器人进行野外搜救作业场景,任意有效观赏立体角进一步优选4~5.2,可以极大程度上模拟真实环境,营造出身临其境的感觉。For remote control of robots for field search and rescue operations, the solid angle for any effective viewing is further preferably 4 to 5.2, which can simulate the real environment to a great extent and create an immersive feeling.
对于一个投影器1只提供一个视点的情况下,SL优选0.000004m
2~0.0025m
2之间(4平方毫米~25平方厘米),此范围内能够保证在提供完整的视窗的情况下使得投影器尽可能小巧。
In the case where one projector 1 only provides one viewpoint, the SL is preferably between 0.000004m 2 and 0.0025m 2 (4 square millimeters to 25 square centimeters). This range can ensure that the projector can provide a complete window under the condition of making the projector. Be as small as possible.
对于一个投影器1提供两个视点的情况下,最外侧镜片透光面积优选49平方厘米~100平方厘米之间,此范围内能够保证投影器不是特别的笨重。In the case where one projector 1 provides two viewpoints, the light-transmitting area of the outermost lens is preferably between 49 square centimeters and 100 square centimeters, which can ensure that the projector is not particularly bulky.
此外,对于桌面应用场景:Also, for desktop application scenarios:
SP优选0.04平方米~1.2平方米之间,L优选0.2~1米之间,此时可以达到最优的桌面空间占用和有效观赏立体角之间的平衡。The SP is preferably between 0.04 square meters and 1.2 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.2 and 1 meter. At this time, the balance between the optimal desktop space occupation and the effective viewing solid angle can be achieved.
对于移动终端式应用场景:For mobile terminal application scenarios:
SP优选0.02平方米~0.16平方米,L优选0.1~0.6米之间,此时可以较好的兼顾便携性平衡,进一步,辅助成像屏7可以做成折叠式或者卷轴式的。The SP is preferably between 0.02 square meters and 0.16 square meters, and the L is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 meters. In this case, the portability balance can be better taken into account. Further, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 can be made into a foldable or scroll type.
对于穿戴式应用场景:For wearable application scenarios:
SP优选4平方厘米~50平方厘米,L优选5~12毫米之间,此时可以较好的满足穿戴需求。进一步地,可以设置成两个眼镜共用同一个辅助成像屏7或者分别为每个眼镜单独设置一个辅助成像屏7,对于每个眼镜单独设置一个辅助成像屏7的情况,SP优选设置为4cm
2~12.8cm
2之间比较合适,对于两只眼镜共用同一个辅助成像屏7的SP优选设置为28cm
2~50cm
2之间比较合适。
The SP is preferably 4 square centimeters to 50 square centimeters, and the L is preferably between 5 and 12 mm, which can better meet the wearing needs. Further, it can be set that two glasses share the same auxiliary imaging screen 7 or separately set an auxiliary imaging screen 7 for each glasses. For the case where each glasses are provided with an auxiliary imaging screen 7 alone, the SP is preferably set to 4cm 2 . It is suitable to be between ˜12.8 cm 2 , and it is more suitable to set the SP between 28 cm 2 and 50 cm 2 for two glasses sharing the same auxiliary imaging screen 7 .
本实用新型的显示***还有一个非常特殊的地方是同时含有两种功能的屏幕,即辅助成像屏7和反射式几何全息屏8,两者需要相互配合才能够实现显示功能。通常反射式几何全息屏8需要包含非常精细的微结构,制造成本远高于辅助成像屏7,所以为了节约成本需要尽可能减少反射式几何全息屏8的面积,但是为了使***获得综合最优的有效显示立体角,反射式几何全息屏8的面积又不能太小,所以需要对其进行权衡设计以达到最优效果。当反射式几何全息屏8的面积SG与辅助成像屏7的面积SP满足
时,可以实现成本和显示效果之间的最优权衡。
Another very special feature of the display system of the present invention is that the screen contains two functions at the same time, that is, the auxiliary imaging screen 7 and the reflective geometric holographic screen 8, and the two need to cooperate with each other to realize the display function. Usually, the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 needs to contain very fine microstructures, and the manufacturing cost is much higher than that of the auxiliary imaging screen 7. Therefore, in order to save costs, it is necessary to reduce the area of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 as much as possible. The effective display solid angle of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 should not be too small, so it needs to be balanced and designed to achieve the optimal effect. When the area SG of the reflective geometric holographic screen 8 and the area SP of the auxiliary imaging screen 7 satisfy , an optimal trade-off between cost and display effect can be achieved.
此外,还可以增加偏振膜和1/4玻片、增透膜、吸光膜等光学元件进一步提高光的利用率和显示效果。In addition, polarizing film, 1/4 glass slide, anti-reflection film, light absorption film and other optical elements can be added to further improve the utilization rate of light and display effect.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本实用新型所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
- 优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***包括至少一个用于在空间投影出画面信息的投影器(1),几何全息屏(2),其位置与所述投影器(1)相对应,为所述投影器(1)和所述几何全息屏(2)提供物理结构支撑的支持结构(3),以及与所述投影器(1)电连接的控制器(4),所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括:A geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration, wherein the geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration includes at least one projector (1) for projecting picture information in space, a geometric holographic screen (2), the position of which is the same as that of all Corresponding to the projector (1), a support structure (3) providing physical structural support for the projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen (2), and a control unit electrically connected to the projector (1) device (4), the geometric holographic display system of the optimized display configuration further includes:预设数量的视点,单视点面积为SL m 2,所述几何全息屏(2)的有效投影面积为SP m 2,单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述几何全息屏(2)的中心之间的光程距离为L米,每一个视点的有效观赏立体角均满足: A preset number of viewpoints, the area of a single viewpoint is SL m 2 , the effective projection area of the geometric holographic screen (2) is SP m 2 , and the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the geometric holographic screen ( 2) The optical path distance between the centers is L meters, and the effective viewing solid angle of each viewpoint satisfies:
- 根据权利要求1所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述几何全息屏(2)包括透射式几何全息屏(5)时,所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的位置与所述投影器(1)相对应,用于将一侧的画面光学转化到另一侧形成光学共轭图像;所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的有效投影面积为SPm 2,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离为L米。 The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 1, wherein, when the geometric holographic screen (2) comprises a transmissive geometric holographic screen (5), the position of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is different from the position of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5). The projector (1) corresponds to, and is used for optically transforming the picture on one side to the other side to form an optical conjugate image; the effective projection area of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is SPm 2 , and the single The optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) is L meters.
- 根据权利要求2所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值LMAX与最小值LMIN的比值满足: The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 2, wherein the optical path between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) The ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN of the distance L satisfies:
- 根据权利要求2所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的有效投影面积SP m 2范围为0.005~1.5m 2。 The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 2, wherein the effective projection area SP m 2 of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
- 根据权利要求2所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的中心之间的光程距离L米范围为0.1~10米。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 2, wherein the optical path between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5) The range of L meters is 0.1 to 10 meters.
- 根据权利要求2所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括至少一个、设置于所述透射式几何全息屏(5)的一侧或者两侧的第一光路折叠镜组(6),所述第一光路折叠镜组(6)至少包含一面具有反射功能的平面镜,其用于改变所述投影器(1)投射光线的传播路径。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 2, wherein the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises at least one geometric holographic display system disposed on one side or two of the transmissive geometric holographic screen (5). A first optical path folding mirror group (6) on the side, the first optical path folding mirror group (6) includes at least one plane mirror with a reflective function, which is used to change the propagation path of the light projected by the projector (1).
- 根据权利要求2所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述第一光路折叠镜组(6)与所述支持结构(3)连接。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 2, wherein the first optical path folding mirror group (6) is connected with the support structure (3).
- 根据权利要求1所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述几何全息屏(2)包括辅助成像屏(7)和反射式几何全息屏(8)时,所述辅助成像屏(7)用于分光,所述反射式几何全息屏(8)位于所述辅助成像 屏(6)一侧或者分别位于所述辅助成像屏(7)两侧;所述辅助成像屏(7)的有效投影面积为SP m 2,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离为L米。 The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 1, wherein when the geometric holographic screen (2) comprises an auxiliary imaging screen (7) and a reflective geometric holographic screen (8), the auxiliary imaging screen ( 7) For light splitting, the reflective geometric holographic screen (8) is located on one side of the auxiliary imaging screen (6) or on both sides of the auxiliary imaging screen (7); The effective projection area is SP m 2 , and the optical path distance between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) is L meters.
- 根据权利要求8所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离L的最大值LMAX与最小值LMIN的比值满足: The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 8, wherein the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) The ratio of the maximum value LMAX to the minimum value LMIN satisfies:
- 根据权利要求8所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述辅助成像屏(7)的有效投影面积SP m 2范围为0.005~1.5m 2。 The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 8, wherein the effective projection area SP m 2 of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) ranges from 0.005 to 1.5 m 2 .
- 根据权利要求8所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述单个所述投影器(1)最外侧镜片中心与所述辅助成像屏(7)的中心之间的光程距离L米范围为0.1~10米。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 8, wherein the optical path distance L between the center of the outermost lens of the single projector (1) and the center of the auxiliary imaging screen (7) The meter range is 0.1 to 10 meters.
- 根据权利要求8所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括至少一个设置于所述辅助成像屏(7)的一侧或者两侧的、用于调整光路的第二光路折叠镜组(9)。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 8, wherein the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises at least one, A second optical path folding mirror group (9) for adjusting the optical path.
- 根据权利要求8所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述第二光路折叠镜组(9)与所述支持结构(3)连接。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to claim 8, wherein the second optical path folding mirror group (9) is connected with the support structure (3).
- 根据权利要求1-13任意一项所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述单视点面积SL m 2的范围为0.000004~0.5m2。 The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the range of the single viewpoint area SL m 2 is 0.000004-0.5 m 2 .
- 根据权利要求1-13任意一项所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述支持结构(3)为可变形和/或者可运动的结构,并且与所述控制器(4)电连接。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the support structure (3) is a deformable and/or movable structure, and is connected with the controller (4) electrical connection.
- 根据权利要求1-13任意一项所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括与所述控制器(4)电连接的交互动作捕捉单元(10),所述交互动作捕捉单元(10)用于识别用户的交互动作并将用户交互动作信息发送给所述控制器(4),所述控制器(4)根据接收到的所述交互动作捕捉单元(10)获取的用户交互动作信息调整显示画面内容。The geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the geometric holographic display system with optimized display configuration further comprises an interactive motion capture unit electrically connected to the controller (4). (10), the interactive action capturing unit (10) is configured to identify the interactive action of the user and send the user interactive action information to the controller (4), the controller (4) according to the received interaction The user interaction action information acquired by the motion capture unit (10) adjusts the content of the display screen.
- 根据权利要求1-13任意一项所述的优化显示配置的几何全息显示***,其中,所述优化显示配置的几何全息显示***还包括与所述控制器(4)电连接的人眼跟踪单元(11),所述人眼跟踪单元(11)用于跟踪人眼的位置并将人眼的定位信息发送给所述控制器(4),所述控制器(4)根据接收到的所述人眼跟踪单元(11)获取的人眼定位信息,来控制所述支持结构(3)做出相应的动作响应,来调整所述显示***各部分的空间位置,使用户眼睛始终处于***的可视空间内。The geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the geometric holographic display system with an optimized display configuration further comprises an eye tracking unit electrically connected to the controller (4). (11), the human eye tracking unit (11) is configured to track the position of the human eye and send the positioning information of the human eye to the controller (4), and the controller (4) can The human eye positioning information obtained by the human eye tracking unit (11) is used to control the support structure (3) to make a corresponding action response to adjust the spatial position of each part of the display system, so that the user's eyes are always in the available position of the system. within the viewing space.
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