WO2022028205A1 - 一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法 - Google Patents

一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022028205A1
WO2022028205A1 PCT/CN2021/105510 CN2021105510W WO2022028205A1 WO 2022028205 A1 WO2022028205 A1 WO 2022028205A1 CN 2021105510 W CN2021105510 W CN 2021105510W WO 2022028205 A1 WO2022028205 A1 WO 2022028205A1
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chip
circuit
control circuit
detonation
power supply
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PCT/CN2021/105510
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张立明
于进勇
姚升武
肖武红
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苏州一路连科科技有限公司
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Priority to AU2021323150A priority Critical patent/AU2021323150B2/en
Publication of WO2022028205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022028205A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/121—Initiators with incorporated integrated circuit
    • F42B3/122—Programmable electronic delay initiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fire-extinguishing bombs, in particular to a detonation control system and a detonating method for fire-extinguishing bombs.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing system has strong mobility and is not affected by the fire extinguishing height and the surrounding environment, which can solve the world problem that high-rise buildings cannot quickly and effectively extinguish fire.
  • the detonation of the fire extinguishing bomb is usually realized by using an electronic detonator.
  • the electronic detonator includes a foot wire, a control circuit board with a delay chip, an ignition charge and a detonator.
  • the bus for outputting the detonation signal is connected to the foot line, and then the detonation serial signal is output, the delay chip performs a preset time delay, and then the control circuit board passes the detonation signal through the bridge.
  • the wire is passed to the ignition head to achieve detonation control.
  • the charging and discharging control circuit is unstable in charging and discharging, and the safety performance of the electronic detonator is low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detonation control system and detonation method for fire-extinguishing bombs.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a detonation control system for fire-extinguishing bombs comprising a MCU control circuit, a power supply detection power supply circuit, and a boost detonation control circuit, wherein the power supply detection power supply circuit and the boost detonation control circuit are all connected with the MCU control circuit by electrical signals,
  • the power supply detection and power supply circuit is used for continuous power supply and power supply detection to the MCU control circuit, and the boost detonation control circuit is used to realize the charge and discharge control of the capacitor to detonate the explosive.
  • the physical address identification circuit is electrically connected to the MCU control circuit, and the physical address identification circuit is used to set the physical address of each fire extinguishing bomb, and the RS485
  • the communication circuit is electrically connected with the MCU control circuit, and the MCU control circuit realizes information transmission with the UAV mainboard through the RS485 communication circuit.
  • the MCU control circuit includes a chip U1, and the PB0 port, the PA1 port, and the PA7 port of the chip U1 are connected to the boost detonation control circuit for realizing instruction transmission between the chip U1 and the boost detonation control circuit.
  • the PB3 to PB5 ports of the chip U1 are connected with the physical address identification circuit, and are used to realize that the chip U1 receives the address information of the physical address identification circuit.
  • the PB6 port and the PA0-WKUP port of the chip U1 are connected to the power supply detection circuit. The connection is used to realize the signal transmission between the chip U1 and the power supply detection and power supply circuit.
  • the PA8 to PA10 ports of the chip U1 are connected to the RS485 communication circuit to realize the information transmission between the chip U1 and the RS485 communication circuit.
  • the physical address identification circuit includes an interface P2, and pins 2 to 5 of the interface P2 are correspondingly connected to pins 30 to 33 of the chip U1 through an RC filter circuit, and the RC filter circuit is used to eliminate the dial switch process. interference signals generated in the .
  • the power detection and power supply circuit includes an interface P1 and a battery BT1, and the No. 6 pin of the interface P1 is connected to a chip U2 through a zener diode D4, and the chip U2 is used to connect the 12V external power supply Converted to 3.3V, the 3.3V power supply is connected to the VDD power supply through the capacitor C5, the electrolytic capacitor C6, and the Zener diode D3.
  • the VDD power supply is used to supply power to the microcontroller, and the battery BT1 is connected to the MOS through the Zener diode D1.
  • Tube Q1, the Zener diode D1 is connected to a transistor Q2 through a resistor R4, and the transistor Q2 is connected to the 34 pin of the chip U1 through a resistor R3 and a resistor R1.
  • the boost detonation control circuit includes a battery BT2, a chip U3 and an interface P3, the battery BT2 is connected to the No. 5 pin of the chip U3, and the No. 4 pin of the chip U3
  • the resistor R11 is connected to the No. 8 pin of the chip U1
  • the No. 1 pin of the chip U3 is connected to the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 through the capacitor C8 and the zener diode D7, and the zener diode D7 is connected to the ground in parallel.
  • the two electrolytic capacitors C9 are grounded, and the capacitor C10 is grounded.
  • the capacitor C10 is connected to the No. 2 pin of the interface P3.
  • the No. 1 pin of the interface P3 is connected to a MOS tube Q3 through a resistor R16.
  • the MOS tube Q3 It is connected to pin 15 of the chip U1 through the resistor R14.
  • the RS485 communication circuit includes a chip U4, the pins 6 and 7 of the chip U4 are paired with the pins 3 and 4 of the interface P1, and the pins 1, 3, and 4 of the chip U4 are connected with each other.
  • the pins 22, 20 and 21 of the chip U1 are connected correspondingly, and the pin 2 of the chip U4 is grounded through the resistor R35.
  • the No. 1 and No. 2 pins of the interface P1 are correspondingly connected with a connecting switch KEY-A and a connecting switch KEY-B, and the connecting switch KEY-A is connected to the No. 13 pin of the chip U1 through the resistor R31 The pins are connected, and the connection switch KEY-B is connected to the VDD power supply.
  • a passive crystal oscillator Y1 is connected to the No. 2 pin of the chip U1, and the passive crystal oscillator Y1 is used to provide a stable clock signal to the chip U1.
  • a detonation method for fire-extinguishing bombs characterized in that,
  • the first step the system is powered on, the physical address of the MCU control circuit is set by the physical address identification circuit, and the electrolytic capacitor C9 in the boost detonation control circuit begins to charge;
  • the MCU control circuit sends a delay instruction, the fire extinguishing bomb starts to be bound and enters the countdown preparation stage, and the state of the fire extinguishing bomb is detected by the power supply detection power supply circuit and transmitted to the MCU control circuit;
  • step 6 after the binding is completed, the detection data obtained by the MCU control circuit is normal, and then an explosion instruction is issued. At this time, the fire extinguishing bomb has the detonation function. If there is an abnormality, go to step 6;
  • the fourth step after the fire extinguishing bomb is detached, the MCU control circuit detects that the 12V external power supply, the connection switch KEY-A, and the connection switch KEY-B are disconnected together, and the fire extinguishing bomb starts to count down;
  • the MCU control circuit controls the electrolytic capacitor C9 in the boost detonation control circuit to start discharging, converts the electrical energy into heat energy, and makes the heating bridge wire detonate the explosive to realize the detonation of the fire extinguishing bomb.
  • the MCU control circuit In the sixth step, if the detonation is completed or the detection data of the MCU control circuit is abnormal, the MCU control circuit resets the single-chip microcomputer, and each circuit returns to the initial state.
  • the present invention detects whether the power supply of the MCU control circuit is normal by setting a power supply detection power supply circuit, and adopts two switching methods of external power supply and battery BT1 to continuously supply power to the MCU control circuit to ensure the stability of the MCU control circuit operation. .
  • the detonation of the electronic detonator is realized by setting a boost detonation control circuit, and the electrolytic capacitor C9 is continuously charged and stored by two switching methods of external power supply and battery BT2, so that the energy storage process is stable and controllable.
  • the discharge control of the electrolytic capacitor is realized through the cooperation of the MOS tube Q3 and the MCU control circuit, so that the circuit responds quickly, and the reliability and safety of the detonation process of the fire extinguishing bomb are improved.
  • the circuit control method of the whole system is simple, and the fire extinguishing bomb has high safety performance.
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure block diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the overall circuit diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of MCU control circuit and physical address identification circuit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the power supply detection power supply circuit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the boost detonation control circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the RS485 communication circuit of the present invention.
  • a component when referred to as being "fixed to” another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be a centered component.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a co-existence of an intervening component.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a co-existing centered component.
  • the terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “left,” “right,” and similar expressions are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a detonation control system and detonation method for fire-extinguishing bombs, including an MCU control circuit, a power supply detection circuit, and a boost detonation control circuit.
  • the detection power supply circuit and the boost detonation control circuit are all connected with the electrical signal of the MCU control circuit.
  • the power supply detection power supply circuit is used for continuous power supply and power detection to the MCU control circuit
  • the boost detonation control circuit is used to realize the capacitance charge and discharge control to detonate explosives.
  • the present invention detects whether the power supply of the MCU control circuit is normal by setting a power supply detection power supply circuit, and adopts two switching modes of external power supply and battery BT1 to continuously supply power to the MCU control circuit, so as to ensure the stability of the MCU control circuit operation.
  • the detonation of the electronic detonator is realized by setting a boost detonation control circuit, and the electrolytic capacitor C9 is continuously charged and stored by two switching methods of external power supply and battery BT2, so that the energy storage process is stable and controllable.
  • the discharge control of the electrolytic capacitor is realized through the cooperation of the MOS tube Q3 and the MCU control circuit, which makes the circuit respond quickly and improves the reliability and safety of the detonation process of the fire extinguishing bomb.
  • a physical address identification circuit and an RS485 communication circuit are also included, the physical address identification circuit is electrically connected to the MCU control circuit, and the physical address identification circuit is used to set the physical characteristics of each section of the fire extinguishing bomb. address, the RS485 communication circuit is electrically connected to the MCU control circuit, and the RS485 communication circuit is used to realize the information transmission between the UAV motherboard and the MCU control circuit.
  • the physical address identification circuit uses a DIP switch to set the physical address of the MCU control circuit, and the internal program of the MCU control circuit identifies whether each pin is grounded to detect whether the state of each fire extinguishing bomb is normal.
  • the RS458 communication circuit Through the RS458 communication circuit, the communication between the UAV main control board and the MCU control circuit is realized, and the CRC check data is added to the internal program in the MCU control circuit to ensure the stability of the data transmission between the RS485 communication circuit and the MCU control circuit.
  • the MCU control circuit includes a chip U1, the model of the chip U1 is STM32F103T8U6, and the PB0 port, PA1 port, and PA7 port of the chip U1 are connected to the boost detonation control circuit,
  • the PB3 to PB5 ports of the chip U1 are connected to the physical address identification circuit, so as to realize that the chip U1 receives the address information of the physical address identification circuit, so
  • the PB6 port and the PA0-WKUP port of the chip U1 are connected to the power supply detection power supply circuit for realizing signal transmission between the chip U1 and the power supply detection power supply circuit, and the PA8 to PA10 ports of the chip U1 are connected to the RS485 communication circuit. It is used to realize the information transmission between the chip U1 and the RS485 communication circuit.
  • an indicator LED1 is connected to the PB2 port of the chip U1, and the indicator LED1 is used for running indication of the chip U1.
  • the No. 2 pin of the chip U1 is connected with a passive crystal oscillator Y1, and the passive crystal oscillator Y1 is used to provide a stable clock signal to the chip U1 to realize accurate timing.
  • the No. 4 pin of the chip U1 is connected to the VDD power supply through the resistor R27, and the No. 4 pin of the chip U1 is the reset pin.
  • the chip U1 detects a fault or after the detonation work is completed, the chip U1 controls the VDD power supply to disconnect, so that each The microcontroller restores its initial state.
  • Pins 25 and 28 of the chip U1 are connected with an interface P5, and the interface P5 is used to connect to the data transmission interface of the computer, and is used to download programs to satisfy the software control of the entire control system.
  • the physical address identification circuit includes an interface P2, the interface P2 is used to connect the DIP switch, the No. 1 pin of the interface P2 is connected to the VDD power supply, and the No. 2 pin of the interface P2 passes through the resistor R22, the capacitor C16 and the 30 pin of the chip U1.
  • Connection, No. 3 of interface P2 is connected to No. 31 pin of chip U1 through resistor R21 and capacitor C15
  • No. 4 of interface P2 is connected to No. 32 pin of chip U1 through resistor R20 and capacitor C14
  • No. 5 of interface P2 passes through Resistor R19 and capacitor C13 are connected to pin 33 of chip U1.
  • Resistor R22, capacitor C16, resistor R21, capacitor C15, resistor R20, capacitor C14, resistor R19, and capacitor C13 form an RC filter circuit.
  • the RC filter circuit is used for Eliminate the interference signal generated in the process of dialing the switch.
  • the power detection and power supply circuit includes an interface P1 and a battery BT1, the interface P1 is used to connect external equipment, and pins 1 and 2 of the interface P1 are correspondingly connected with a connection switch KEY-A and a connection switch KEY -B, the connection switch KEY-A is connected to pin 13 of the chip U1 through the resistor R31, the connection switch KEY-B is connected to the VDD power supply, the connection switch KEY-A and the connection switch KEY-B are used for Provide a timing signal, and the No. 3 and No. 4 pins of the interface P1 are connected to the RS485 communication circuit.
  • the 6 pin of the interface P1 is connected to the chip U2 through the zener diode D4.
  • the chip U2 is used to convert the 12V external power supply to 3.3V.
  • the 3.3V power supply passes through the capacitor C5, the electrolytic capacitor C6, and the voltage regulator.
  • the diode D3 is connected to the VDD power supply, which is used to supply power to the microcontroller, the battery BT1 is connected to the MOS transistor Q1 through the zener diode D1, the zener diode D1 is connected to the transistor Q2 through the resistor R4, and the transistor Q2 is connected to pin 34 of the chip U1 through resistor R3 and resistor R1.
  • the voltage is stabilized by the chip U2 to form a 3.3V DC voltage, which supplies power to the chip U1, and the 12V voltage is divided by the resistors R6 and R7 to obtain a POWER-12V voltage signal and transmit it to the chip Pin 7 of U1 to detect 12V power supply.
  • the C_BAT signal of pin 34 of the chip U1 outputs a high level of 3.3V.
  • the transistor Q2 works in the saturation region, the MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, and the battery BT1 outputs a 3V voltage.
  • the voltage output by the battery BT1 The voltage output by the chip U2 is less than 3.3V, and the power supply of the chip U1 is provided by the chip U2. After the fire extinguishing bomb is detached, the 12V external power supply is disconnected, the connection switches KEY-A and KEY-B are disconnected, and the power supply of the chip U1 is provided by the battery BT1, which ensures the stability of the operation of the chip U1.
  • the boost detonation control circuit includes a battery BT2, a chip U3 and an interface P3, the battery BT2 is connected to the pin 5 of the chip U3, and the The No. 4 pin is connected to the No. 8 pin of the chip U1 through the resistor R11.
  • the chip U3 is a booster chip with a model of SDB628.
  • the No. 1 pin of the chip U3 is connected to a resistor through a capacitor C8 and a Zener diode D7. R12 and resistor R13 are grounded, and the Zener diode D7 is connected in parallel with two electrolytic capacitors C9 to ground and capacitor C10 to ground.
  • the capacitor C10 is connected to the No.
  • the No. 1 pin of the interface P3 is connected to the MOS tube Q3 through the resistor R16, and the MOS tube Q3 is connected to the No. 15 pin of the chip U1 through the resistor R14.
  • the 12V power supply is connected to the electrolytic capacitor C9 through the Zener diode D5. Specifically, when the 12V power supply starts, the 12V power supply starts to charge the C9 electrolytic capacitor. After the chip U1 starts to work, the 16V_EN signal output by the No. 8 pin of U1 is a high level, and the voltage of the battery BT2 is boosted by the chip U3. After boosting, the output voltage is about 12V.
  • the electrolytic capacitor C9 When the 12V power supply is cut off, the electrolytic capacitor C9 is continuously powered by the battery BT2. When the delay is over, the U1-PIN34 signal output by pin 15 of the chip U1 is at a high level, which makes the MOS tube Q3 conduct, the electrolytic capacitor C9 discharges, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy, so that the heating bridge wire reaches the detonation point and detonates. explosive.
  • the RS485 communication circuit includes a chip U4, the pins 6 and 7 of the chip U4 are connected to the pins 3 and 4 of the interface P1 correspondingly, and the pins 3 and 4 of the P1 are used for
  • the pins 1, 3, and 4 of the chip U4 are connected to the pins 22, 20, and 21 of the chip U1.
  • the No. 2 pin of the chip U4 is grounded through the resistor R35.
  • the detonation method for the fire extinguishing bomb is as follows:
  • the first step is to connect the 12V external power supply when the system is powered on, the electrolytic capacitor C9 in the boost detonation control circuit begins to charge, and the DIP switch identification circuit in the physical address identification circuit is used to obtain the physical address of each fire extinguishing bomb and transmit the data.
  • the internal program of the MCU control circuit identifies whether each pin is grounded to determine whether the internal circuit of the fire bomb is properly wired.
  • the MCU control circuit After detecting that the internal circuit of the fire extinguishing bomb is properly wired, the MCU control circuit sends a delay command, and the fire extinguishing bomb starts to be bound, that is, it enters the countdown preparation stage, and the state of the fire extinguishing bomb is detected by the power detection power supply circuit and transmitted to the MCU. Control circuit, the MCU control circuit judges whether the fire extinguishing bomb is normal according to the state information of the fire extinguishing bomb compared with the preset value, if it is normal, go to the third step, if it is abnormal, then go to the sixth step;
  • the third step after the binding is completed, the detection data obtained by the MCU control circuit is normal, then the explosion command is issued, the fire extinguishing bomb is disengaged, the 12V external power supply, the connection switch KEY-A, and the connection switch KEY-B are disconnected together, and the MCU control circuit After detecting the disconnection signal, start the countdown to detonation;
  • the fourth step after the detonation countdown ends, the MCU control circuit controls the electrolytic capacitor C9 in the boost detonation control circuit to start discharging, converts the electrical energy into heat energy, and makes the heating bridge wire detonate the explosive to realize the detonation of the fire extinguishing bomb;
  • the MCU control circuit controls the microcontroller to reset, so that the VDD power supply is disconnected, each circuit returns to the initial state, and the detonation is stopped.

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Abstract

一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法，包括MCU控制电路、电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路，所述电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路均与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述电源检测供电电路用于对MCU控制电路持续供电和电源检测，所述升压引爆控制电路用于实现对电容的充电放电控制以引爆***物。整个***电路控制方式简单，灭火弹起爆安全性能高。

Description

一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法 技术领域
本发明涉及灭火弹技术领域，具体涉及一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法。
背景技术
如果火灾发生在高层建筑内，由于楼层高度太高，云梯、举高车等灭火设备受到高度的限制，很难达到发生火灾楼层的高度。无人机载型灭火***机动性强，而且不受灭火高度和周围环境的影响，能够解决高层建筑无法快速有效灭火的世界难题。对于无人机载灭火弹***，灭火弹的起爆工作通常是利用电子***实现的，电子***包括脚线、带延时芯片的控制电路板、点火药头与起爆药。使用的时候，将用于输出起爆信号的母线与所述脚线连接，然后输出起爆串行信号，所述延时芯片进行预设时间的延时，然后所述控制电路板将起爆信号通过桥丝传递给点火药头，实现起爆控制。而现有的起爆控制***中，存在充放电控制电路充放电不稳定，电子***的使用的安全性能低等缺点。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，包括MCU控制电路、电源检 测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路，所述电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路均与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述电源检测供电电路用于对MCU控制电路持续供电和电源检测，所述升压引爆控制电路用于实现对电容的充电放电控制以引爆***物。
进一步的，还包括物理地址识别电路和RS485通讯电路，所述物理地址识别电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述物理地址识别电路用于设置每段灭火弹的物理地址，所述RS485通讯电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述MCU控制电路通过所述RS485通讯电路实现与无人机主板与的信息传输。
所述MCU控制电路包括芯片U1，所述芯片U1的PB0端口、PA1端口、PA7端口与所述升压引爆控制电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与所述升压引爆控制电路的指令传输，所述芯片U1的PB3至PB5端口与所述物理地址识别电路连接，用于实现芯片U1接收物理地址识别电路的地址信息，所述芯片U1的PB6端口、PA0-WKUP端口与所述电源检测供电电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与电源检测供电电路信号传输，所述芯片U1的PA8至PA10端口与所述RS485通讯电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与RS485通讯电路的信息传输。
所述物理地址识别电路包括接口P2，所述接口P2的2至5号引脚经过RC滤波电路与所述芯片U1的30至33引脚对应连接，所述RC滤波电路用于消除拨开关过程中产生的干扰信号。
在本发明中，优选的，所述电源检测供电电路包括接口P1和电池BT1，所述接口P1的6号引脚经过稳压二极管D4连接有芯片U2， 所述芯片U2用于将12V外部电源转为3.3V，所述3.3V电源经过电容C5、电解电容C6、稳压二极管D3连接有VDD电源，所述VDD电源用于给单片机供电，所述电池BT1的经过稳压二极管D1连接有MOS管Q1，所述稳压二极管D1经过电阻R4连接有三极管Q2，所述三极管Q2经过电阻R3、电阻R1与所述芯片U1的34引脚连接。
在本发明中，优选的，所述升压引爆控制电路包括电池BT2、芯片U3以及接口P3，所述电池BT2与所述芯片U3的5号引脚连接，所述芯片U3的4号引脚经过电阻R11与所述芯片U1的8号引脚连接，所述芯片U3的1号引脚经过电容C8、稳压二极管D7连接有电阻R12和电阻R13接地，所述稳压二极管D7依次并联有两个电解电容C9接地、电容C10接地，所述电容C10与所述接口P3的2号引脚连接，所述接口P3的1号引脚经过电阻R16连接有MOS管Q3，所述MOS管Q3经过电阻R14与所述芯片U1的15号引脚连接。
所述RS485通讯电路包括芯片U4，所述芯片U4的6、7号引脚与所述接口P1的3、4号引脚对用连接，所述芯片U4的1、3、4号引脚与所述芯片U1的22、20、21引脚对应连接，所述芯片U4的2号引脚经过电阻R35接地。
在本发明中，优选的，所述接口P1的1、2号引脚对应连接有连接开关KEY-A和连接开关KEY-B，所述连接开关KEY-A经过电阻R31与芯片U1的13号引脚连接，所述连接开关KEY-B与所述VDD电源连接。
所述芯片U1的2号引脚连接有无源晶振Y1，所述无源晶振Y1 用于给芯片U1提供稳定的时钟信号。
一种用于灭火弹的起爆方法，其特征在于，
第一步，***上电，利用所述物理地址识别电路设置所述MCU控制电路的物理地址，并且所述升压引爆控制电路中的电解电容C9开始充电；
第二步，所述MCU控制电路发送延时指令，灭火弹开始装订即进入开始倒计时准备阶段，并且通过所述电源检测供电电路检灭火弹的状态并传输给MCU控制电路；
第三步，装订完成后，所述MCU控制电路得到的检测数据均正常，则下发起爆指令，此时灭火弹具备了起爆功能，若有异常，则进行步骤六；
第四步，灭火弹脱离后，所述MCU控制电路检测到所述12V外部电源、连接开关KEY-A、连接开关KEY-B一起断开后，灭火弹开始倒计时；
第五步，灭火弹开始延时结束后，所述MCU控制电路控制升压引爆控制电路中的电解电容C9开始进行放电，将电能转换为热能，使发热桥丝引爆***物以实现灭火弹起爆；
第六步，若起爆完成后或所述MCU控制电路的检测数据出现异常时，所述MCU控制电路使单片机复位，各个电路回恢复初始状态。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明的通过设置电源检测供电电路来检测MCU控制电路的供电电源是否正常，并采用外部电源和电池BT1两种切换方式 给MCU控制电路持续性供电，保证MCU控制电路工作的稳定性。同时，通过设置升压引爆控制电路来实现电子***的引爆，并采用外部电源和电池BT2两种切换方式给电解电容C9进行持续充电储能，使储能过程稳定可控。通过MOS管Q3与MCU控制电路的配合实现对电解电容的放电控制，使电路响应快，提高了灭火弹起爆过程的可靠性与安全性。整个***电路控制方式简单，灭火弹起爆安全性能高。
(2)通过设置RS485通讯电路，实现无人机主板与MCU控制电路的通讯，并在MCU控制电路中增加CRC校验数据，以使RS485通讯电路与MCU控制电路数据传输的稳定性。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1是本发明的整体结构框图；
图2是本发明的整体电路图；
图3是本发明的MCU控制电路和物理地址识别电路的电路图；
图4是本发明的电源检测供电电路的电路图；
图5是本发明的升压引爆控制电路的电路图；
图6是本发明的RS485通讯电路的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方 案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“固定于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请同时参见图1至图6，本发明一较佳实施方式提供一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***及起爆方法，包括MCU控制电路、电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路，所述电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路均与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述电源检测供电电路用于对MCU控制电路持续供电和电源检测，所述升压引爆控制电路用于实现对电容的充电放电控制以引爆***物。
具体的，本发明的通过设置电源检测供电电路来检测MCU控制电路的供电电源是否正常，并采用外部电源和电池BT1两种切换方式给MCU控制电路持续性供电，保证MCU控制电路工作的稳定性。同时，通过设置升压引爆控制电路来实现电子***的引爆，并采用外部电源和电池BT2两种切换方式给电解电容C9进行持续充电储能，使储能过程稳定可控。通过MOS管Q3与MCU控制电路的配合实现对电解电容的放电控制，使电路响应快，提高了灭火弹起爆过程的可靠性与安全性。
进一步的，在本实施例中还包括物理地址识别电路和RS485通讯电路，所述物理地址识别电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述物理地址识别电路用于设置每段灭火弹的物理地址，所述RS485通讯电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述RS485通讯电路用于实现无人机主板与MCU控制电路的信息传输。
具体的，在本发明中，物理地址识别电路是通过拨码开关来设置MCU控制电路的物理地址，MCU控制电路的内部程序识别每个管脚是否接地从而来检测每段灭火弹的状态是否正常。通过RS458通讯电路，实现无人机主控板与MCU控制电路的通讯，并在MCU控制电路中的内部程序中增加CRC校验数据，以使RS485通讯电路与MCU控制电路数据传输的稳定性。
在本实施中，如图3所示，所述MCU控制电路包括芯片U1，芯片U1的型号为STM32F103T8U6，所述芯片U1的PB0端口、PA1端口、PA7端口与所述升压引爆控制电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与 所述升压引爆控制电路的指令传输，所述芯片U1的PB3至PB5端口与所述物理地址识别电路连接，用于实现芯片U1接收物理地址识别电路的地址信息，所述芯片U1的PB6端口、PA0-WKUP端口与所述电源检测供电电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与电源检测供电电路信号传输，所述芯片U1的PA8至PA10端口与所述RS485通讯电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与RS485通讯电路的信息传输。
进一步的，所述芯片U1的PB2端口连接有指示灯LED1，所述指示灯LED1用于芯片U1的运行指示。所述芯片U1的2号引脚连接有无源晶振Y1，所述无源晶振Y1用于给芯片U1提供稳定的时钟信号，以实现准确计时。芯片U1的4号引脚经过电阻R27连接VDD电源，芯片U1的4号引脚为复位引脚，当芯片U1检测到故障时或起爆工作完成后，芯片U1控制VDD电源断开，以使各个单片机恢复初始状态。芯片U1的25、28号引脚连接有接口P5，接口P5用于连接计算机的数据传输接口，用于下载程序以满足整个控制***的软件控制。
所述物理地址识别电路包括接口P2，接口P2用于连接拨码开关，所述接口P2的1号引脚连接VDD电源，接口P2的2号经过电阻R22、电容C16与芯片U1的30引脚连接，接口P2的3号经过电阻R21、电容C15与芯片U1的31号引脚连接，接口P2的4号经过电阻R20、电容C14与芯片U1的32号引脚连接，接口P2的5号经过电阻R19、电容C13与芯片U1的33号引脚连接，电阻R22、电容C16、电阻R21、电容C15、电阻R20、电容C14、电阻R19、电容 C13构成RC滤波电路，所述RC滤波电路用于消除拨开关过程中产生的干扰信号。
如图4所示，所述电源检测供电电路包括接口P1和电池BT1，所述接口P1用于连接外部设备，接口P1的1、2号引脚对应连接有连接开关KEY-A和连接开关KEY-B，所述连接开关KEY-A经过电阻R31与芯片U1的13号引脚连接，所述连接开关KEY-B与所述VDD电源连接，连接开关KEY-A和连接开关KEY-B用于提供计时信号，所述接口P1的3、4号引脚与所述RS485通讯电路连接。所述接口P1的6号引脚经过稳压二极管D4连接有芯片U2，所述芯片U2用于将12V的外部电源转为3.3V，所述3.3V电源经过电容C5、电解电容C6、稳压二极管D3连接有VDD电源，所述VDD电源用于给单片机供电，所述电池BT1的经过稳压二极管D1连接有MOS管Q1，所述稳压二极管D1经过电阻R4连接有三极管Q2，所述三极管Q2经过电阻R3、电阻R1与所述芯片U1的34引脚连接。具体的，当外部提供的12V电源供电后，电压经过芯片U2稳压后形成3.3V直流电压，给芯片U1供电，12V电压经过电阻R6、R7分压后得到POWER-12V的电压信号传输给芯片U1的7号引脚以检测12V电源。芯片U1启动后，芯片U1的34号引脚的C_BAT信号输出3.3V高电平，此时三极管Q2工作在饱和区，MOS管Q1导通，电池BT1输出3V电压，此时电池BT1输出的电压小于芯片U2输出的电压3.3V，芯片U1的电源由芯片U2提供。灭火弹脱离后，12V外部电源断开，连接开关KEY-A、KEY-B均断开，芯片U1的电源由电池BT1提 供，保证芯片U1工作的稳定性。
在本实施例中，如图5所示，所述升压引爆控制电路包括电池BT2、芯片U3以及接口P3，所述电池BT2与所述芯片U3的5号引脚连接，所述芯片U3的4号引脚经过电阻R11与所述芯片U1的8号引脚连接，芯片U3为型号为SDB628的升压芯片，所述芯片U3的1号引脚经过电容C8、稳压二极管D7连接有电阻R12和电阻R13接地，所述稳压二极管D7依次并联有两个电解电容C9接地、电容C10接地，所述电容C10与所述接口P3的2号引脚连接，接口P3用于连接发热桥丝以实现***物的引爆，所述接口P3的一号引脚经过电阻R16连接有MOS管Q3，所述MOS管Q3经过电阻R14与所述芯片U1的15号引脚连接。12V的电源经过稳压二极管D5与电解电容C9连接。具体的，当12V开始供电时，12V电源开始给C9电解电容充电，芯片U1开始工作后，U1的8号引脚输出的16V_EN信号为高电平，后电池BT2的电压经过芯片U3升压芯片升压后输出12V左右的电压。当12V电源断电后，电解电容C9由电池BT2持续供电。当延时结束后，芯片U1的15号引脚输出的U1-PIN34信号为高电平，使MOS管Q3导通，电解电容C9放电，电能转换为热能，使发热桥丝达到引爆点从而引爆***物。
如图6所示，所述RS485通讯电路包括芯片U4，所述芯片U4的6、7号引脚与所述接口P1的3、4号引脚对应连接，P1的3、4号引脚用于连接无人机的主板，以实现RS485通讯电路与无人机的主控板的通讯，所述芯片U4的1、3、4号引脚与所述芯片U1的22、 20、21引脚对应连接，以实现RS485通讯电路与芯片U1的通讯，所述芯片U4的2号引脚经过电阻R35接地。
在本实施方式中，用于灭火弹的起爆方法如下：
第一步，***上电即接入12V外部电源，升压引爆控制电路中电解电容C9开始充电，利用物理地址识别电路中拨码开关识别电路获取每段灭火弹的物理地址，并将数据传输给所述MCU控制电路，MCU控制电路的内部程序识别每个管脚是否接地从而来判断灭火弹内部电路是否接线正常。
第二步，检测灭火弹内部电路接线正常后，MCU控制电路发送延时指令，灭火弹开始装订，即进入开始倒计时准备阶段，并且通过所述电源检测供电电路检测灭火弹的状态并传输给MCU控制电路，MCU控制电路根据灭火弹的状态信息与预设值对比判断灭火弹是否正常，若正常，则进行第三步，若异常，则进行第六步；
第三步，装订完成后，MCU控制电路得到的检测数据均正常，则下发起爆指令，灭火弹脱离，12V外部电源、连接开关KEY-A、连接开关KEY-B一起断开，MCU控制电路检测到断开信号后，开始起爆倒计时；
第四步，起爆倒计结束后，所述MCU控制电路控制升压引爆控制电路中的电解电容C9开始进行放电，将电能转换为热能，使发热桥丝引爆***物以实现灭火弹起爆；
第五步，若起爆完成后或所述MCU控制电路的检测数据出现异常时，MCU控制电路控制单片机复位，使VDD电源断开，各个电 路恢复初始状态，停止起爆。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明，但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围，凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更，均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，包括MCU控制电路、电源检测供电电路和升压引爆控制电路，所述电源检测供电电路、升压引爆控制电路均与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述电源检测供电电路用于对MCU控制电路持续供电和电源检测，所述升压引爆控制电路用于实现对电容的充电放电控制以引爆***物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，还包括物理地址识别电路和RS485通讯电路，所述物理地址识别电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述物理地址识别电路用于设置每段灭火弹的物理地址，所述RS485通讯电路与所述MCU控制电路电信号连接，所述MCU控制电路通过所述RS485通讯电路实现与无人机主板与的信息传输。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述MCU控制电路包括芯片U1，所述芯片U1的PB0端口、PA1端口、PA7端口与所述升压引爆控制电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与所述升压引爆控制电路的指令传输，所述芯片U1的PB3至PB5端口与所述物理地址识别电路连接，用于实现芯片U1接收物理地址识别电路的地址信息，所述芯片U1的PB6端口、PA0-WKUP端口与所述电源检测供电电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与电源检测供电电路信号传输，所述芯片U1的PA8至PA10端口与所述RS485通讯电路连接，用于实现芯片U1与RS485通讯电路的信息传输。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特 征在于，所述物理地址识别电路包括接口P2，所述接口P2的2至5号引脚经过RC滤波电路与所述芯片U1的30至33引脚对应连接，所述RC滤波电路用于消除拨开关过程中产生的干扰信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述电源检测供电电路包括接口P1和电池BT1，所述接口P1的6号引脚经过稳压二极管D4连接有芯片U2，所述芯片U2用于将12V外部电源转为3.3V，所述3.3V电源经过电容C5、电解电容C6、稳压二极管D3连接有VDD电源，所述VDD电源用于给单片机供电，所述电池BT1的经过稳压二极管D1连接有MOS管Q1，所述稳压二极管D1经过电阻R4连接有三极管Q2，所述三极管Q2经过电阻R3、电阻R1与所述芯片U1的34引脚连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述升压引爆控制电路包括电池BT2、芯片U3以及接口P3，所述电池BT2与所述芯片U3的5号引脚连接，所述芯片U3的4号引脚经过电阻R11与所述芯片U1的8号引脚连接，所述芯片U3的1号引脚经过电容C8、稳压二极管D7连接有电阻R12和电阻R13接地，所述稳压二极管D7依次并联有两个电解电容C9接地、电容C10接地，所述电容C10与所述接口P3的2号引脚连接，所述接口P3的1号引脚经过电阻R16连接有MOS管Q3，所述MOS管Q3经过电阻R14与所述芯片U1的15号引脚连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述RS485通讯电路包括芯片U4，所述芯片U4的6、7号 引脚与所述接口P1的3、4号引脚对应连接，所述芯片U4的1、3、4号引脚与所述芯片U1的22、20、21引脚对应连接，所述芯片U4的2号引脚经过电阻R35接地。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述接口P1的1、2号引脚对应连接有开关KEY-A和连接开关KEY-B，所述连接开关KEY-A经过电阻R31与芯片U1的13号引脚连接，所述连接开关KEY-B与所述VDD电源连接。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于灭火弹的起爆控制***，其特征在于，所述芯片U1的2号引脚连接有无源晶振Y1，所述无源晶振Y1用于给芯片U1提供稳定的时钟信号。
  10. 一种用于灭火弹的起爆方法，包括如权利要求2至9任意一项所述的起爆控制***，其特征在于，
    第一步，接通12V外部电源，利用所述物理地址识别电路获取每段灭火弹的物理地址，并将数据传输给所述MCU控制电路，所述MCU控制电路读取该数据信息并判断灭火弹内部电路是否接线正常，在上电的同时，所述升压引爆控制电路中的电解电容C9开始充电；
    第二步，检测灭火弹内部电路接线正常后，所述MCU控制电路发送延时指令即进入开始倒计时准备阶段，并且通过所述电源检测供电电路检测灭火弹的状态并传输给MCU控制电路，MCU控制电路根据灭火弹的状态信息与预设值对比判断灭火弹是否正常，若正常，则进行第三步，若异常，则进行第六步；
    第三步，灭火弹脱离后，所述12V外部电源、连接开关KEY-A、 连接开关KEY-B一起断开，所述MCU控制电路检测到断开信号后，开始起爆倒计时；
    第四步，起爆倒计结束后，所述MCU控制电路控制升压引爆控制电路中的电解电容C9开始进行放电，将电能转换为热能，使发热桥丝引爆***物以实现灭火弹起爆；
    第五步，若起爆完成后或所述MCU控制电路的检测数据出现异常时，所述MCU控制电路使单片机复位，各个电路恢复初始状态。
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