WO2022028116A1 - 一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源*** - Google Patents

一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022028116A1
WO2022028116A1 PCT/CN2021/100067 CN2021100067W WO2022028116A1 WO 2022028116 A1 WO2022028116 A1 WO 2022028116A1 CN 2021100067 W CN2021100067 W CN 2021100067W WO 2022028116 A1 WO2022028116 A1 WO 2022028116A1
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Prior art keywords
station
bus
converter
power supply
direct current
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PCT/CN2021/100067
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙志云
李小云
余子华
李辉
卢小龙
刘胜利
张延�
谢彬
易娜
陈微
钟怡
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中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司
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Publication of WO2022028116A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022028116A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of smart energy stations, in particular to a DC power supply system for a 220kV smart energy station.
  • the national "new infrastructure” includes the construction of 5G base stations, new energy vehicle charging piles, big data centers, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and other fields, indicating that the era of digitalization and intelligence for power enterprises is coming soon.
  • the large-scale construction of 5G base stations can bring about a huge increase in electricity consumption. Electric vehicle electricity consumption is an incremental electricity sales market that the State Grid Corporation of China is relatively easy to control. Big data centers are also large consumers of electricity that have long been “famous”.
  • the smart energy station adopts the 1+N mode, where 1 is centered on the substation, and N can include data center stations, charging and swapping stations, energy storage stations, 5G base stations, etc. as needed.
  • the conventional substation integrated power supply system integrates the station DC power supply system, AC uninterruptible power supply system, power inverter power supply system and communication power supply system into a whole, and uses lead-acid batteries as backup power supply. Switches, batteries, AC power, communication power, monitoring systems and other technical aspects have been very mature.
  • the substation adopts an integrated power supply system, and the communication DC system and the station DC system are combined. After nearly ten years of operation verification, it has accumulated rich operation experience, and is also familiar and accepted by the majority of operation and maintenance personnel; 220kV substation DC power supply system adopts The single busbar is wired in sections, equipped with 3 groups of charging modules, and 2 groups of lead-acid batteries are respectively hung on the two busbars. From the perspective of infrastructure and operation and maintenance of a single substation, there is little space and necessity for the optimization and integration of the integrated power system.
  • the lead-acid battery pack When the lead-acid battery of the conventional DC system is in normal operation, the lead-acid battery pack is normally in a floating state, which increases the difficulty of operation monitoring and maintenance, and many problems are difficult to find in time.
  • the inconsistency between batteries results in increased overcharge and undercharge of different batteries after multiple charging, resulting in a continuous decrease in the capacity of the entire battery pack.
  • the battery backup power supply time When the actual capacity of the battery drops below 90% of the rated capacity, the battery enters a recession period, and when the capacity drops to 80%, the battery enters a rapid recession period.
  • the battery backup power supply time will be greatly shortened, and the manufacturer's nominal life needs to be carried out under the specified operating temperature and standard charging and discharging methods (including the load size). In fact, these conditions can only be achieved in the laboratory.
  • lead-acid batteries In practical engineering applications, lead-acid batteries generally need to be replaced after 4 to 5 years of use. Restricted by its innate conditions, lead-acid batteries have problems such as poor cycle life, poor high and low temperature performance, sensitive charging and discharging process, difficulty in recovery of deep discharge performance and capacity, and environmental pollution.
  • the "multi-station integration" smart energy station includes elements such as substations, data centers, and centralized energy storage power stations.
  • the entire station has built an AC-DC hybrid microgrid. On this basis, the DC power system of the entire station urgently needs a more optimized solution. plan.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a DC power supply system for a 220kV smart energy station that can reuse a MW-level peak-shaving energy storage system.
  • the present invention provides a DC power supply system for a 220kV smart energy station, including an AC microgrid 380/220V bus and a DC microgrid 750V bus connected through an AC/DC converter I.
  • the 380/220V bus of the microgrid supplies power to the 220V DC bus I of the station through the AC/DC converter II
  • the 750V bus of the DC microgrid supplies power to the 220V DC bus II of the station through the DC/DC converter I.
  • the DC 220V bus I and the station DC 220V bus II are connected through a DC tie switch; the AC microgrid 380/220V bus is provided with an AC feeder cabinet and MW-level lithium iron phosphate energy storage, and the DC microgrid 750V busbar There is a super capacitor I on it.
  • the station-use DC 220V bus I is provided with a station-use DC feeder cabinet I, a super capacitor II and a DC/DC converter II.
  • the station-use DC 220V busbar II is provided with a station-use DC feeder cabinet II and a DC/DC converter III.
  • the DC/DC converter II and the DC/DC converter III are connected to a communication 48V DC bus.
  • one channel of the AC feeder cabinet is powered by the AC microgrid 380/220V bus, and the other is connected to the station DC 220V bus I.
  • the module configuration principle between the AC/DC converter II of the DC 220V busbar I for the station and the DC/DC converter I of the DC 220V busbar II for the station is the same as that of the existing DC system.
  • the principle of high-frequency switch configuration is consistent, and the N+1 redundant configuration uses six 40A power converter modules.
  • the parameter of the super capacitor I is 500kW/30s.
  • the parameter of the super capacitor II is 50kW/15s.
  • the invention integrates and optimizes the structure of the DC power supply system for the station, reuses the MW lithium iron phosphate peak-shaving energy storage system, cancels the lead-acid battery for the station, and cancels the conventional UPS.
  • the power supply is equipped with a small-capacity super capacitor to stabilize the DC bus voltage of the station, and integrates the whole station and communication DC power supply system, which not only improves the reliability and stability of the entire system, but also reduces the land occupation, investment, and operation and maintenance work. It is more environmentally friendly and gives full play to the advantages of multi-station integration.
  • FIG. 1 is a wireframe diagram of a DC power supply system for a 220kV smart energy station in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a wireframe diagram of an existing conventional substation integrated power supply system
  • the DC power supply system for a 220kV smart energy station in this embodiment includes an AC microgrid 380/220V bus 1 and a DC microgrid 750V bus 2 connected through an AC/DC converter I3.
  • the AC microgrid The 380/220V bus 1 supplies power to the station DC 220V bus I5 through the AC/DC converter II4, and the DC microgrid 750V bus 2 supplies power to the station DC 220V bus II7 through the DC/DC converter I6.
  • the DC 220V bus I5 and the station DC 220V bus II7 are connected through the DC tie switch 8.
  • the AC microgrid 380/220V bus 1 is provided with an AC feeder cabinet 9 and a MW-level lithium iron phosphate energy storage 10, and the DC microgrid 750V bus 2 is provided with a super capacitor I11.
  • the station-use DC 220V busbar I5 is provided with a station-use DC feeder cabinet I12, a super capacitor II13 and a DC/DC converter II14, and the station-use DC 220V busbar II7 is provided with a station-use DC feeder cabinet II15 and DC/DC converters II14.
  • the DC converter III16, the DC/DC converter II14 and the DC/DC converter III16 are connected to the communication 48V DC bus 17.
  • the 220V DC system in the station adopts 220V single busbar segmented wiring.
  • the DC tie switch 8 is turned on, and the DC 220V bus I5 and the station DC 220V bus II7 operate independently.
  • the AC micro-grid 380/220V bus 1 or the DC micro-grid 750V bus 2 loses power, the DC tie switch 8 Closed, the DC 220V bus I5 for the station and the DC 220V bus II7 for the station run in parallel.
  • the DC microgrid 750V bus 2 not only supplies the load on the DC 220V bus II7 for the station, but also supplies power for important loads such as data centers.
  • the power supply of the DC sub-microgrid includes two mutually backup AC incoming lines, two energy storage channels
  • the power supply and distributed photovoltaic power supply have extremely high reliability.
  • the DC microgrid 750V busbar 2 supplies power to the station DC 220V busbar II7 through the DC/DC converter I6. In view of the high reliability of the DC sub-microgrid, the reliability of the station DC 220V busbar II7 is much higher than The existing DC system can fully meet the requirements of equipment with high voltage requirements such as protection and control.
  • the AC microgrid 380/220V bus 1 supplies power to the station DC 220V bus I5 through the AC/DC converter II4.
  • the difference from the station DC 220V bus II7 is that there is no voltage stabilizing device on the station DC 220V bus I5, but a set of 50kW (15s) super capacitor II13 is configured on the station DC 220V bus I5 to stabilize the bus voltage. , which can well cope with the impact of the response time of power electronic equipment such as energy storage equipment, AC/DC converters and DC/DC converters on the bus voltage when switching to the backup power supply.
  • One channel of AC feeder cabinet 9 is powered by AC microgrid 380/220V bus bar 1, and the other channel is connected to station DC 220V bus bar I5.
  • the MW-level lithium iron phosphate energy storage 10 is set as the backup power supply of the AC/DC microgrid, which is connected to the 380/220V bus 1 of the AC microgrid.
  • the remaining capacity of peak shaving can be used as a backup power supply for AC/DC hybrid microgrids under any working conditions, and in extreme situations such as unplanned islands It can stabilize the AC and DC bus voltage and provide backup power guarantee.
  • MW-class lithium iron phosphate energy storage 10 adopts lithium iron phosphate battery, which is one of the core products for the future development of the battery industry. No memory effect, good consistency, long cycle life, high safety, small size, light weight, etc.
  • the MW energy storage system is directly reused (in addition to peak regulation, the energy storage also uses its operation rules, and the remaining capacity is used as a backup for DC power), eliminating the traditional lead-acid battery.
  • MW-level lithium iron phosphate energy storage station participates in the peak regulation of large power grids. The depth does not exceed 80%, and the remaining 20% of the battery capacity is used as a backup power source for the AC-DC hybrid microgrid under any working conditions. Consider using the remaining capacity of the peak-shaving battery of the MW energy storage power station to cancel the lead-acid battery of the DC system used in the conventional station.
  • Supercapacitors have a long cycle life, high power density, and the ability to rapidly charge and discharge and instantly release large currents.
  • the supercapacitor discharge process is a physical process, which is safer and more stable than chemical reactions.
  • supercapacitors have the advantage of high power density, which is about 10 times that of lead-acid batteries, and is suitable for energy durations of 1 to 100s.
  • the MW-level lithium iron phosphate energy storage 10 is managed by the load-storage coordination control system of the internal source network of the station, and its charge-discharge conversion process also has a certain response time.
  • 2 is equipped with a set of 500kW (30s) super capacitor I11 to ensure a stable voltage for the circuit at the moment of power switching.
  • a set of 50kW (15s) super capacitor II13 is configured on the station DC 220V bus I5.
  • the communication load is also directly powered by DC/DC.
  • the load provided by the station DC system includes regular load and impact load, and the communication DC system is provided by the regular load, and the system voltage is stable.
  • the DC busbar voltage can be stabilized during power switching and opening and closing conditions to avoid voltage drop.
  • the bus voltage is 105% of the nominal voltage, and the bus voltage should not exceed 110% of the nominal voltage during the online equalization charging voltage.
  • the bus voltage at the end of the accident discharge is 85% of the nominal voltage, that is, The bus voltage of the DC system with a nominal voltage of 220V is allowed to fluctuate between 187V and 242V.
  • the super capacitor has independent power supply capability, ensuring that the voltage level meets the requirements and can last for more than 60s. According to the experimental analysis data, it is technically feasible to use a small-capacity supercapacitor to stabilize the DC bus voltage to avoid voltage drop even if there is an opening and closing operation. The technical solution fully satisfies this requirement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，包括通过AC/DC变流器Ⅰ(3)联接的交流微网380/220V母线(1)和直流微网750V母线(2)，所述交流微网380/220V母线(1)通过AC/DC变流器Ⅱ(4)给站用直流220V母线Ⅰ(5)供电，所述直流微网750V母线(2)通过DC/DC变流器Ⅰ(6)给站用直流220V母线Ⅱ(7)供电，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ(5)和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ(7)通过直流联络开关(8)相联；所述交流微网380/220V母线(1)上设有交流馈线柜(9)和MW级磷酸铁锂储能(10)，所述直流微网750V母线(2)上设有超级电容Ⅰ(11)。可复用MW磷酸铁锂调峰储能***，取消站用铅酸蓄电池、取消常规UPS电源，配置小容量超级电容稳定站用直流母线电压，在提升整个***的可靠性和稳定性的同时，减少了占地，减少了运维工作量，对环境更友好，充分发挥了多站融合的优势。

Description

一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源*** 技术领域
本发明涉及智慧能源站技术领域，特别是涉及一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***。
背景技术
国家“新基建”包括5G基站建设、新能源汽车充电桩、大数据中心、人工智能、工业互联网等领域，表明电力企业数字化、智能化的时代马上就要到来。5G基站大规模建设能带来用电量大增，电动汽车用电是国家电网公司比较容易把控的增量售电市场，大数据中心也是早已“盛名在外”的耗电大户，这些均可以在一定程度上缓解发电供给过剩的情况，因此，需要建设可将电力企业、5G基站、大数据中心、充电桩和车联网、人工智能和工业互联网等紧紧联系在一起的“多站融合”智慧能源站，智慧能源站采用1+N模式，其中，1是以变电站为中心，N可以按需包括数据中心站、充换电站、储能站、5G基站等。
开展“多站融合”智慧能源站建设，可以充分挖掘和利用变电站的现有资源价值，对内对外提供增值业务服务，推动能源流、业务流和数据流的“三流合一”，实现“资源共享，风险共担，利益共赢，万物互联”，创建能源共享互济新业态。
常规变电站一体化电源***将站用直流电源***、交流不间断电源***、电力用逆变电源***以及通信用电源***各部分统一组装成为整体，并使用铅酸蓄电池来充当后备电源，在高频开关、蓄电池、交流电源、通信电源、监控***等技术方面已经非常成熟。变电站采用一体化电源***，通信直流***和站用直流***合并，已经过近十年的运行验证，积累了丰富的运行经验，也为广大运维人员所熟悉和接受；220kV变电站直流电源***采用单母线分段接线， 配置3组充电模块，2组铅酸蓄电池分别挂在两段母线上。单一变电站从基建和运维的角度出发，一体化电源***优化整合的空间和必要性不大。
技术问题
常规直流***的铅酸蓄电池在正常运行时，铅酸蓄电池组正常情况下处于浮充状态，加大了运行监视、维护的难度，很多问题难以及时发现。电池间的不一致性，造成多次充电后不同电池过充、欠充加剧，致使整个电池组容量不断下降。当电池的实际容量下降到额定容量90％以下时，电池进入衰退期，容量下降到80％时，电池进入急剧衰退期。蓄电池后备供电时间将大大缩短，厂家标称的寿命需要在规定的运行温度、标准的充放电方式(包括负载大小)下进行，实际上这些条件只有在实验室才能达到。多年的运行经验证实，铅酸蓄电池的实际寿命与标注寿命还是有很大差距的。在实际工程应用中，铅酸蓄电池一般使用4～5年就需要更换。铅酸蓄电池受其先天条件的制约，存在着循环寿命差、高低温性能差、充放电过程敏感、深度放电性能容量恢复困难、环境污染等问题。
随着“多站融合”智慧能源站的建设，变电站的性质及其内部的结构都发生了翻天覆地的变化，随之而来的就是传统的设备、***架构、运维模式的优化更新。
“多站融合”智慧能源站包含变电站、数据中心、集中式储能电站等元素，全站构建了交直流混联微网，在此基础上，全站直流电源***急需一种更加优化的解决方案。
技术解决方案
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是在于提供一种可复用MW级调峰储能***的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***。
为了实现上述技术目的，本发明提供了一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，包括通过AC/DC变流器Ⅰ联接的交流微网380/220V母线和直流微网750V母线，所述交流微网380/220V母线通过AC/DC变流器Ⅱ给站用直流220V母线Ⅰ供电，所述直流微网750V母线通过DC/DC变流器Ⅰ给站用直流220V母线Ⅱ供电，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ通过直流联络开关相联；所述交流微网380/220V母线上设有交流馈线柜和MW级磷酸铁锂储能，所述直流微网750V母线上设有超级电容Ⅰ。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅰ、超级电容Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅱ。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅱ上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述DC/DC变流器Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ联接通信48V直流母线。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述交流馈线柜一路通过交流微网380/220V母线供电，另一路接至站用直流220V母线Ⅰ。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ的AC/DC变流器Ⅱ和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ的DC/DC变流器Ⅰ之间的模块配置原则与现有直流***的高频开关配置原则保持一致，N+1冗余配置，均采用6个40A的电源变流模块。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述超级电容Ⅰ的参数为500kW/30s。
在部分可能的实施例中，所述超级电容Ⅱ的参数为50kW/15s。
有益效果
相对现有技术，本发明技术方案带来的有益技术效果如下：
本发明在智慧能源站构建全站交直流微网***前提下，对站用直流电源***构架进行整合优化，复用MW磷酸铁锂调峰储能***，取消站用铅酸蓄电池、取消常规UPS电源，配置小容量超级电容稳定站用直流母线电压，整合全站及通信直流电源***，在提升整个***的可靠性和稳定性的同时，减少了占地、节省了投资，减少了运维工作量，对环境更友好，充分发挥了多站融合的优势。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***的线框图；
图2为现有常规变电站站用一体化电源***的线框图；
图中：1-交流微网380/220V母线，2-直流微网750V母线，3-AC/DC变流器Ⅰ，4-AC/DC变流器Ⅱ，5-站用直流220V母线Ⅰ，6-DC/DC变流器Ⅰ，7-站用直流220V母线Ⅱ，8-直流联络开关，9-交流馈线柜，10-MW级磷酸铁锂储能，11-超级电容Ⅰ，12-站用直流馈线柜Ⅰ，13-超级电容Ⅱ，14-DC/DC变流器Ⅱ，15-站用直流馈线柜Ⅱ，16-DC/DC变流器Ⅲ，17-通信48V直流母线。
本发明的实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述，并给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例1
参见图1，本实施方式的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，包括通过 AC/DC变流器Ⅰ3联接的交流微网380/220V母线1和直流微网750V母线2，所述交流微网380/220V母线1通过AC/DC变流器Ⅱ4给站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5供电，所述直流微网750V母线2通过DC/DC变流器Ⅰ6给站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7供电，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7通过直流联络开关8相联。
所述交流微网380/220V母线1上设有交流馈线柜9和MW级磷酸铁锂储能10，所述直流微网750V母线2上设有超级电容Ⅰ11。
所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅰ12、超级电容Ⅱ13和DC/DC变流器Ⅱ14，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅱ15和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ16，所述DC/DC变流器Ⅱ14和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ16联接通信48V直流母线17。
站内220V直流***采用220V单母线分段接线。正常情况下，直流联络开关8打开，所述直流220V母线Ⅰ5和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7独立运行，当交流微网380/220V母线1或直流微网750V母线2失电时，直流联络开关8合上，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7并列运行。
所述直流微网750V母线2除了供站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7上的负荷外，还为数据中心等重要负荷供电，直流子微网的电源包括两路互备的交流进线、两路储能电源及分布式光伏的电源，具有极高的可靠性。所述直流微网750V母线2通过DC/DC变流器Ⅰ6给站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7供电，鉴于直流子微网的高可靠性，站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7段的可靠性要远远高于现有的直流***，完全可以满足保护、控制等对电压要求较高的设备需求。
所述交流微网380/220V母线1通过AC/DC变流器Ⅱ4给站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5供电，当发生故障时由两路储能电源供电，也具有高于常规站用直流*** 的可靠性。与站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7不同的是：站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5上未设置稳压设备，而是在站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5上配置一套50kW(15s)的超级电容Ⅱ13来稳定母线的电压，可以很好的应对当切换至备用电源供电时，储能设备、AC/DC变流器和DC/DC变流器等电力电子设备的响应时间对母线电压的冲击影响。
交流馈线柜9一路通过交流微网380/220V母线1供电，另一路接至站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5。
对比图1和图2，本发明与现有技术的区别主要在于：
(1)采用AC/DC变流器Ⅱ4模块、DC/DC变流器Ⅰ6模块取代现有的高频开关电源。为保证可靠性，站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5的AC/DC变流器Ⅱ4模块和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ7的DC/DC变流器Ⅰ6模块的配置原则与现有直流***高频开关的配置原则保持一致，N+1冗余配置，均采用6个40A的电源变流模块。每个电源变流模块内部具有监控功能，显示输出电压/电流值，能不依赖总监控单元独立工作。正常工作时，模块可与总监控单元通信，接受监控单元的指令。
(2)全站取消现有的铅酸蓄电池，设置MW级磷酸铁锂储能10为交直流微网的备用电源，其连接至交流微网380/220V母线1。结合调峰用磷酸铁锂储能***不深充深放的运行特性，利用其调峰剩余容量在任何工况下均作为交直流混联微网的备用电源，在非计划性孤岛等极端情况下，能稳定交直流母线电压，提供后备电源保障。
MW级磷酸铁锂储能10采用磷酸铁锂电池，是电池产业未来发展的核心产品之一，相比其他动力电池有无可比拟的优势，如电芯能量密度大，可大电流快速放电，无记忆效应，一致性好，循环寿命长，安全性高，体积小、重量轻等。在确保可靠性的前提下，从技术性和经济性考虑，直接复用MW储能*** (储能除了调峰用，还利用它运行的规律，剩余容量作为直流电源的备用)，取消传统铅酸蓄电池。
复用MW储能***的原理：MW级磷酸铁锂储能站参与大电网的调峰，为减小储能电池不一致对储能***的影响，储能电池调峰的充放电策略，其放电深度不超过80％，电池剩余的20％容量在任何工况下均作为交直流混联微网的备用电源。考虑利用MW储能电站调峰电池容量余量，取消常规站用直流***的铅酸蓄电池。
(3)配置超级电容Ⅰ11和超级电容Ⅱ13，进一步确保直流***的可靠性。超级电容循环寿命长、功率密度高，具有快速充放电，瞬间释放大电流的能力。超级电容放电过程属于物理过程，相对于化学反应，更为安全、稳定。超级电容器与蓄电池相比具有功率密度高的优点，约为铅酸蓄电池的10倍，适合用于能量持续时间1～100s的情况。
考虑到虽然电力电子响应速度很快，但是MW级磷酸铁锂储能10受站内源网荷储协调控制***管理，其充放电转换过程也有一定的响应时间，因此，考虑在直流微网750V母线2上配置1套500kW(30s)的超级电容Ⅰ11，保证在电源切换的瞬时为电路提供稳定的电压。
在站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5上配置1套50kW(15s)的超级电容Ⅱ13。变电站的常规一体化电源***方案，通信负荷亦是直接通过DC/DC供电。但站用负荷和通信负荷性质有所不同。站用直流***所供负荷有经常负荷和冲击负荷，通信直流***所供均为经常性负荷，***电压稳定。通过在站用直流220V母线Ⅰ5上配置1套50kW(15s)的超级电容Ⅱ13，保证在电源切换以及分合闸情况下稳定直流母线电压，避免电压跌落。
常规变电站直流***正常运行时母线电压为标称电压的105％，在线均衡充 电电压时母线电压不应超过标称电压的110％，事故放电末期的母线电压为其标称电压的85％，即标称电压为220V的直流***的母线电压允许在187～242V之间波动。通过仿真实验，超级电容具有独立供电能力，保证电压水平满足要求可持续超过60s。根据实验分析数据，即使有分合闸操作，在技术上用小容量的超级电容稳定直流母线电压，避免电压跌落是可行的，在事故情况下，其电压范围可稳定在187～242V。本技术方案完全满足能满足此要求。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：包括通过AC/DC变流器Ⅰ联接的交流微网380/220V母线和直流微网750V母线，所述交流微网380/220V母线通过AC/DC变流器Ⅱ给站用直流220V母线Ⅰ供电，所述直流微网750V母线通过DC/DC变流器Ⅰ给站用直流220V母线Ⅱ供电，所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ通过直流联络开关相联；所述交流微网380/220V母线上设有交流馈线柜和MW级磷酸铁锂储能，所述直流微网750V母线上设有超级电容Ⅰ。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅰ、超级电容Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅱ。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述站用直流220V母线Ⅱ上设有站用直流馈线柜Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述DC/DC变流器Ⅱ和DC/DC变流器Ⅲ联接通信48V直流母线。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述交流馈线柜一路通过交流微网380/220V母线供电，另一路接至站用直流220V母线Ⅰ。
  6. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述站用直流220V母线Ⅰ的AC/DC变流器Ⅱ和站用直流220V母线Ⅱ的DC/DC变流器Ⅰ之间的模块配置原则与现有直流***的高频开关配置原则保持一致，N+1冗余配置，均采用6个40A的电源变流模块。
  7. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述超级电容Ⅰ的参数为500kW/30s。
  8. 根据权利要求2～4中任意一项所述的220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源***，其特征在于：所述超级电容Ⅱ的参数为50kW/15s。
PCT/CN2021/100067 2020-08-03 2021-06-15 一种220kV智慧能源站站用直流电源*** WO2022028116A1 (zh)

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