WO2022024506A1 - 自動分析装置 - Google Patents
自動分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022024506A1 WO2022024506A1 PCT/JP2021/018795 JP2021018795W WO2022024506A1 WO 2022024506 A1 WO2022024506 A1 WO 2022024506A1 JP 2021018795 W JP2021018795 W JP 2021018795W WO 2022024506 A1 WO2022024506 A1 WO 2022024506A1
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- sample
- sample container
- container
- tray
- returned
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/2204—Specimen supports therefor; Sample conveying means therefore
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/0099—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor comprising robots or similar manipulators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
- G01N2035/0401—Sample carriers, cuvettes or reaction vessels
- G01N2035/0406—Individual bottles or tubes
- G01N2035/041—Individual bottles or tubes lifting items out of a rack for access
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
- G01N2035/046—General conveyor features
- G01N2035/0462—Buffers [FIFO] or stacks [LIFO] for holding carriers between operations
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to an automated analyzer.
- An automated analyzer that analyzes a sample by measuring the sample is known.
- One of the automatic analyzers is a fluorescent X-ray analyzer.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer analyzes the constituent elements of the sample by irradiating the sample with X-rays and measuring the fluorescent X-rays emitted from the sample.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a fluorescent X-ray analyzer capable of transporting a sample between a sample support portion (standby position) on which a plurality of samples are placed and a measurement position.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer described in Patent Document 1 moves the sample from the standby position to the measurement position, measures the sample, and then returns the sample to the standby position again.
- a sample tray set in a rack may be provided as the standby position.
- a plurality of sample containers are placed on the sample tray.
- the user pulls out the sample tray from the rack, places the sample container on the sample tray, and then sets the sample tray on the rack.
- one sample container hereinafter, also referred to as “target container”
- target container is selected from a plurality of sample containers placed on the sample tray and transported to the measuring device. After measuring the sample in the target container, the target container is returned to the original sample tray, and the next sample container to be measured is transported to the measurement chamber.
- a situation may occur in which the sample tray is not set in the rack at the timing when the measurement is completed and the sample container is returned to the original sample tray.
- a situation occurs in which another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container is returned (hereinafter, also referred to as "original position"). sell. If the sample container is returned when the sample tray is not set in the rack, the sample container will fall and be damaged. Further, when the sample container is placed in the original position and the sample container is returned, the sample container is damaged due to contact with the other sample container.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the actual circumstances, and one purpose is to provide an automatic analyzer that can eliminate the harmful effects of a device that measures a plurality of samples in order.
- the automatic analyzer for analyzing a sample of the present disclosure includes a measuring device for measuring a sample, one or more sample trays provided outside the measuring device and on which a plurality of sample containers are placed, and a sample tray.
- One sample container is selected from a plurality of sample containers placed on the sample container and transported to the measuring device, and after the measurement by the measuring device, the sample container is returned to the original sample tray, and the operation of the transport device is controlled. It is provided with a control device and a retracting unit provided at a position different from that of the measuring device and the sample tray and on which the sample container is temporarily placed. When the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray, the control device retracts the sample container to the retracting unit.
- the sample container if the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray, the sample container after measurement is retracted to the retracting part. As a result, it is possible to prevent the sample container from being damaged due to dropping or contact, and thus it is possible to eliminate the harmful effects of the device for sequentially measuring a plurality of samples.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the inside of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the control composition of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the transport process of the sample container according to Embodiment 1.
- It is a flowchart which shows the transport process of the sample container according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the inside of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 irradiates the sample with X-rays and measures the fluorescent X-rays emitted from the sample to analyze the constituent elements of the sample.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 includes a measuring device 20, a sample tray 30, a rack 31, a rack sensor 32, a transport device 50, a retracting unit 60, an input device 70, a display device 75, and a control device 80. And prepare.
- the measuring device 20 is an energy dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDX) fluorescent X-ray analyzer that measures the concentration of elements contained in the sample.
- the measuring device 20 irradiates the sample with X-rays according to the instruction from the control device 80, and measures the concentration of the element contained in the sample.
- the measuring device 20 includes a sample chamber 106 and a measuring chamber 114.
- the measuring device 20 is covered with a housing and an opening / closing lid, and forms a closed space inside.
- the sample tray 30 is a tray that can be inserted and removed by the user, and is provided outside the measuring device 20.
- the sample tray 30 can be inserted and removed even during sample measurement.
- One or more sample trays 30 are provided in the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10. In this example, four sample trays 30 are provided in the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10.
- a plurality of sample containers 40 are placed on each of the sample trays 30. In this example, up to 12 sample containers can be placed on each sample tray 30.
- the sample container 40 is a container for accommodating a sample, for example, a milky white container provided with a transparent film on the analysis surface irradiated with X-rays.
- the upper part of the sample container 40 is open, and the inside of the sample container 40 is a non-sealed space.
- samples can be stored in the sample container 40, and in addition to solid samples, powder samples and liquid samples can be stored.
- the sample tray 30 is set in a rack 31 provided outside the measuring device 20.
- the user pulls out the sample tray 30 from the rack 31, places the sample container 40 on the sample tray 30, and then inserts the sample tray 30 into the rack 31.
- the rack 31 is provided with a rack sensor 32 (corresponding to the “first sensor”).
- the rack sensor 32 detects that the sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31.
- the rack sensor 32 is provided at each position where the sample tray 30 is set so that it can detect which position of the rack 31 the sample tray 30 is set.
- the rack sensor 32 transmits the detection result to the control device 80. Specifically, when the sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31, the rack sensor 32 has the sample tray 30 set in the rack 31 and the sample tray 30 set in the rack 31.
- the identifier is transmitted to the control device 80.
- the rack sensor 32 transmits to the control device 80 that the sample tray 30 is not set in the rack 31. Thereby, the control device 80 can identify the sample tray 30 set in the rack 31.
- the rack sensor 32 transmits only whether or not the sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 to the control device 80. Further, the rack sensor 32 does not detect whether or not the sample tray 30 is set at each position where the sample tray 30 is set, but determines whether or not the sample tray 30 is set in all the racks 31. It may be detected.
- the transfer device 50 selects one sample container 40 (hereinafter, also referred to as “target container”) from the plurality of sample containers 40 placed on the sample tray 30 according to the instruction from the control device 80, and the measuring device 20.
- the transport device 50 includes an arm 51, four claws 52 (corresponding to a “grip portion”), and a drive source (motor or the like) of the arm 51.
- the arm 51 is driven in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction by a drive source.
- the X-axis direction is an arbitrary one direction in the horizontal direction
- the Y-axis direction is a direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction.
- the Z-axis direction is a direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and is a vertical direction.
- the claw 52 is provided at the tip end portion 53 of the arm 51 and grips the sample container 40. The claw 52 is pushed outward by contact with the sample container 40. The claw 52 grips the sample container 40 when it is pushed outward.
- the transport device 50 grips one target container with the claw 52 and transports the target container from the sample tray 30 to the measuring device 20. When the measurement of the sample in the target container is completed, the transport device 50 transports the target container from the measuring device 20 to the original sample tray 30 or the retracting unit 60.
- the transfer device 50 when the target container can be returned to the original position of the original sample tray 30, the transfer device 50 returns the target container to the original position of the original sample tray 30. On the other hand, if the target container cannot be returned to the original position of the sample tray 30, the transport device 50 transports the target container to the evacuation unit 60.
- four claws 52 are provided, but the number of claws 52 is not limited to four as long as it can hold the sample container 40.
- the sample container 40 is temporarily placed on the evacuation section 60.
- the retracting portion 60 is provided at a position different from that of the measuring device 20 and the sample tray 30.
- the retracting portion 60 is not configured to be covered with the housing and the opening / closing lid like the measuring device 20, and does not form a closed space.
- the retracting unit 60 is used as a temporary storage place for the sample container 40.
- One is the case where the original sample tray 30 on which the target container was originally placed is not set in the rack 31.
- the other is the case where the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31, but another sample container is placed in the original position where the target container was originally placed. Whether or not the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 is determined based on the detection result by the rack sensor 32. Whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position is determined by causing the transport device 50 to perform an operation of gripping the sample container 40 in the original position, and the state of the claw 52 caused by the operation (for example,). It is determined based on the degree of opening of the claw 52). In this example, only one sample container 40 can be placed in the evacuation section 60, but a plurality of sample containers 40 may be placed.
- the input device 70 receives an input including an instruction from the user to the control device 80.
- the input device 70 is a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel integrally configured with the display screen of the display device 75 described later, and the like.
- the input device 70 transmits the received input to the control device 80. For example, when the input of the analysis parameter is accepted, the input device 70 transmits the analysis parameter to the control device 80. Further, when the input from the user that the correspondence is completed is received, the input device 70 notifies the control device 80 that the correspondence is completed.
- the display device 75 displays various screens.
- the display device 75 displays, for example, an input screen for measurement conditions (analysis parameters), a screen for notifying that the sample container 40 has been evacuated to the evacuation unit, a screen for instructing the user to take action, and the like.
- the control device 80 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 81, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 82, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 83, a communication interface 84, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 85, and an I / O (I / O). Input / Output) including interface 86.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- HDD Hard Disk Drive
- I / O I / O
- I / O I / O
- Input / Output including interface 86.
- the CPU 81 comprehensively controls the entire fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10.
- the CPU 81 expands the program stored in the ROM 82 into the RAM 83 and executes it.
- the ROM 82 stores a program in which the processing procedure of the control device 80 is described.
- the RAM 83 is a work area when the CPU 81 executes a program, and temporarily stores the program, data when the program is executed, and the like.
- the communication interface 84 is an interface for communicating with an external device.
- the HDD 85 is a non-volatile storage device and stores the measurement result by the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10.
- the I / O interface 86 is an interface for input to the control device 80 or output from the control device 80.
- the I / O interface 86 is connected to a measuring device 20, a rack sensor 32, a transport device 50, an input device 70, and a display device 75.
- the control device 80 When transporting the sample container 40, the control device 80 performs the following control. First, the control device 80 moves the arm 51 so that the tip portion 53 of the arm 51 is located above the sample container 40 to be transported. When the tip portion 53 of the arm 51 reaches above the sample container 40 to be transported, the control device 80 lowers the arm 51 and causes the claw 52 to grip the sample container 40. Next, the control device 80 raises the arm 51 to a predetermined position. When the arm 51 rises to a predetermined position, the control device 80 moves the arm 51 so that the tip portion 53 of the arm 51 is located above the transport destination of the sample container 40. When the tip end portion 53 of the arm 51 reaches above the transport destination of the sample container 40, the control device 80 lowers the arm 51. When the bottom surface of the sample container 40 reaches the transport destination, the control device 80 causes the claw 52 to release the sample container 40.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the measuring device 20 according to the first embodiment.
- the measuring device 20 includes housings 102 and 112 and a sample table 104.
- the housing 102 is installed on the upper surface of the sample table 104, and the sample chamber 106 is formed by the housing 102 and the sample table 104.
- the housing 112 is installed on the lower surface of the sample table 104, and the measurement chamber 114 is formed by the housing 112 and the sample table 104.
- the space consisting of the sample chamber 106 and the measurement chamber 114 is airtightly surrounded by the housings 102 and 112, and the sample chamber 106 and the measurement chamber 114 are communicated with each other by a communication passage 110 provided in the sample table 104. ..
- An opening 108 is formed in the sample table 104, and the sample container 40 is placed on the sample table 104 so as to cover the opening 108.
- the sample container 40 is placed on the sample table 104 so that the measurement position of the sample in the sample container 40 is exposed to the measurement chamber 114 at the opening 108.
- the opening 22 is formed in the housing 102, and the opening / closing lid 24 is provided in the opening 22.
- the opening / closing lid 24 is in the open state when the sample container 40 is carried into the sample chamber 106 and is carried out from the sample chamber 106, and the opening / closing lid 24 is in the closed state at the time of measurement.
- the opening / closing lid 24 is configured to maintain airtightness in the sample chamber 106 and the measuring chamber 114 in the closed state.
- the measurement chamber 114 includes an X-ray tube 116 and a detector 126 in the housing 112.
- the X-ray tube 116 irradiates the lower surface (analytical surface) of the sample container 40 with primary X-rays.
- the X-ray tube 116 is configured to include a filament and a target, and generates X-rays from the target by accelerating thermions generated from the filament at a high voltage and colliding with the target.
- the primary X-ray emitted from the X-ray tube 116 is irradiated to the measurement position of the sample in the sample container 40 through the opening 108.
- the detector 126 is composed of, for example, a semiconductor detector including a Si (Li) element.
- the measurement chamber 114 is provided with a shutter 118, a primary X-ray filter 120, and a collimator 122.
- the shutter 118, the primary X-ray filter 120, and the collimator 122 are configured to be slidable in a direction perpendicular to the optical path of the primary X-ray by the drive mechanism 124.
- the shutter 118 is made of an X-ray absorber such as lead, and can be inserted into the optical path of the primary X-ray when necessary to shield the primary X-ray.
- the primary X-ray filter 120 is formed of a metal leaf selected according to the purpose, attenuates the background component of the primary X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube 116, and suppresses the background component of the required characteristic X-rays. Improve the / N ratio.
- a plurality of primary X-ray filters 120 made of different types of metals are used, and the primary X-ray filter 120 selected according to the purpose is the primary X-ray by the drive mechanism 124. It is inserted into the optical path of.
- the collimator 122 is an aperture having a circular opening in the center, and determines the size of the beam of primary X-rays applied to the sample.
- the collimator 122 is formed of an X-ray absorber and is, for example, lead or brass.
- a plurality of collimators 122 having different aperture diameters are arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the optical path of the primary X-ray, and the collimator 122 selected according to the purpose is the primary X-ray by the drive mechanism 124. It is inserted on the optical path.
- the exhaust device 130 is a device for exhausting the atmosphere in the sample chamber 106 and the measurement chamber 114, and includes, for example, an exhaust pump, an on-off valve, a pressure control valve, a pressure gauge, and the like.
- the exhaust device 130 is controlled by the control device 80 according to the analysis parameters, and the room can be made into a vacuum atmosphere (for example, 30 Pa or less) by exhausting the air in the room through the vent 128 and the switching valve 134.
- the air supply device 132 is a device for supplying air or helium gas into the sample chamber 106 and the measurement chamber 114, and includes, for example, an air supply pump, an on-off valve, a pressure gauge, and the like.
- the air supply device 132 is controlled by the control device 80 according to the analysis parameters. If the room has a vacuum atmosphere when the air atmosphere is set, the air supply device 132 supplies the air to the room through the switching valve 134 and the vent 128. When the helium atmosphere is set, the air supply device 132 supplies the helium atmosphere to the room through the switching valve 134 and the vent 128.
- the switching valve 134 is controlled by the control device 80. When exhausting by the exhaust device 130, the switching valve 134 connects the exhaust device 130 to the vent 128 and shuts off the inflow of gas from the air supply device 132. Further, when the air is supplied by the air supply device 132, the switching valve 134 connects the air supply device 132 to the vent 128 and shuts off the gas discharge to the exhaust device 130.
- vent 128 is provided around the detector 126, but the configuration of the vent 128 is not limited to this.
- the control device 80 When measuring a sample, the control device 80 performs the following control. First, the control device 80 controls the atmosphere in the measurement room of the measuring device 20 according to the analysis parameters of the target container. The analysis parameters are set by the user using the input device 70 for each sample container 40 placed on the sample tray 30 (see FIG. 1). Specifically, the control device 80 controls the state of the atmosphere in the measuring chamber 114 to one of an atmospheric atmosphere, a vacuum atmosphere, and a helium atmosphere according to the analysis parameters.
- the control device 80 starts the measurement by the measuring device 20 according to the analysis parameters of the target container. Specifically, the control device 80 controls the tube voltage, tube current, and irradiation time of the X-ray tube 116 according to the analysis parameters, and drives the shutter 118, the primary X-ray filter 120, and the collimator 122.
- control device 80 analyzes various elements contained in the sample in the target container (qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis) based on the spectrum of the secondary X-ray (fluorescent X-ray) detected by the detector 126. , The analysis result is stored in the HDD 85.
- FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5 are flowcharts showing a transport process of the sample container 40 according to the first embodiment.
- the processes shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are processes performed by the control device 80, and are realized by the CPU 81 executing a program stored in the ROM 82.
- the control device 80 conveys the sample container 40 (target container) for measurement to the measuring device 20 (step S405). Specifically, the control device 80 selects one sample container 40 (target container) to be measured from a plurality of sample containers 40 placed on the sample tray 30, and controls the transfer device 50 to control the target container. To the measuring device 20.
- the control device 80 determines whether or not the measurement by the measuring device 20 is completed (step S410).
- the control device 80 shifts the process to step S415.
- the end of the measurement by the measuring device 20 includes not only the case where all the measurements by the measuring device 20 are completed but also the case where a part of the measurement by the measuring device 20 is completed.
- the case where a part of the measurement by the measuring device 20 is completed is a case where the ongoing measurement is interrupted when it becomes necessary to measure another sample in a hurry during the measurement of one sample.
- step S415 the control device 80 determines whether or not the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31.
- the original sample tray 30 is the sample tray 30 on which the sample container 40 under measurement was originally placed.
- the control device 80 determines whether or not the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 based on the information transmitted from the rack sensor 32. If the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 (YES in step S415), the control device 80 shifts the process to step S420. On the other hand, if the original sample tray 30 is not set in the rack 31 (NO in step S415), the control device 80 determines that the target container cannot be returned from the measuring device 20 to the original sample tray 30. The process proceeds to step S430.
- step S415 the control device 80 determines whether or not the sample trays 30 are set in all the racks 31. In such a case, if even one sample tray 30 is not set in the rack 31, the control device 80 determines that the target container cannot be returned from the measuring device 20 to the original sample tray 30, and processes the sample tray 30. To step S430.
- step S420 the control device 80 determines whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position.
- the original position is a position on the sample tray 30 on which the target container was originally placed, and is a position where the sample container 40 after measurement is returned.
- the control device 80 causes the transport device 50 to perform an operation of gripping the sample container 40 in the original position, and another sample container is placed in the original position based on the expansion of the claw 52 caused by the operation. Determine if it is. If another sample container is present in the original position, the claw 52 is pushed outward by contact with the other sample container.
- the control device 80 determines that another sample container is placed in the original position, and when the claw 52 is not expanded, the control device 80 determines that the other sample container is placed in the original position. Is determined not to be placed.
- the control device 80 determines that the target container cannot be returned from the measuring device 20 to the original sample tray 30, and processes it. To step S430.
- the control device 80 shifts the process to step S425.
- step S425 the control device 80 returns the target container from the measuring device 20 to the original position of the original sample tray 30, and ends the series of processes shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- step S430 the control device 80 retracts the target container to the retracting unit 60.
- the control device 80 notifies the user that the target container has been evacuated to the evacuation unit 60, and instructs the user to take action (step S435).
- the control device 80 displays on the display device 75 a screen notifying that the target container has been evacuated to the evacuation unit.
- the control device 80 instructs the user to adjust the state of the original sample tray 30 so that the target container can be returned to the original sample tray 30. More specifically, when the original sample tray 30 is not set in the rack 31, the control device 80 displays a screen instructing the original sample tray 30 to be set in the rack 31 on the display device 75.
- the control device 80 determines whether or not there is an input from the user that the correspondence has been completed (step S440).
- the input to the effect that the correspondence is completed is made by the user using the input device 70.
- the control device 80 displays a "correspondence completed" button on the display device 75, and determines that there is an input indicating that the correspondence is completed when the button is operated.
- the control device 80 may shift the process to step S445 and return the target container from the evacuation unit 60 to the original sample tray 30. Determine if it can be done.
- step S445 the control device 80 determines whether or not the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31.
- the method of determining whether or not the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 is the same as in step S415. If the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31 (YES in step S445), the control device 80 shifts the process to step S450. On the other hand, if the original sample tray 30 is not set in the rack 31 (NO in step S445), the control device 80 determines that the target container cannot be returned from the retracting unit 60 to the original sample tray 30. The process proceeds to step S460.
- step S450 the control device 80 determines whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position.
- the method of determining whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position is the same as in step S420.
- the control device 80 determines that the target container cannot be returned from the retracting unit 60 to the original sample tray 30, and processes the process.
- step S460 On the other hand, if no other sample container is placed in the original position (NO in step S450), the control device 80 shifts the process to step S455.
- step S455 the control device 80 returns the target container from the evacuation unit 60 to the original position of the original sample tray 30, and ends the series of processes shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- step S460 the control device 80 notifies the user that the target container is being evacuated to the evacuation unit 60, and instructs the user to take action.
- the method of notification and instruction is the same as in step S435.
- step S465 determines whether or not there is an input from the user that the correspondence has been completed.
- the method of determining whether or not there is an input indicating that the correspondence has been completed is the same as in step S440.
- the control device 80 returns the process to step S445.
- the control device 80 moves the target container from the retracting unit 60 to the original sample tray. Return to the original position of 30 (step S455).
- step S450 when the target container cannot be returned from the evacuation unit 60 to the original sample tray 30 (NO in step S445 or YES in step S450), the control device 80 retracts the target container to the evacuation unit 60. This is notified to the user, and the user is instructed to take action (step S460).
- the control device 80 may notify an error and interrupt the process instead of the process of step S460 and step S465. Further, when the error is notified, a message prompting the serviceman to be contacted may also be notified.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 can return the sample container 40 to the original sample tray 30 when the sample container 40 after the measurement is returned to the original sample tray 30? Judge whether or not.
- the other is the case where the original sample tray 30 is set in the rack 31, but another sample container is placed in the original position where the target container was originally placed. In such a case, if the sample container 40 is returned to the original sample tray 30, the sample container 40 will be damaged due to dropping or contact with another sample container.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 cannot return the sample container 40 to the original sample tray 30, the sample container 40 is not returned to the original position but is retracted to the retracting unit 60. Let me. As a result, it is possible to prevent the sample container 40 from being damaged, and thus the harmful effects of the device for sequentially measuring a plurality of samples are eliminated.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 when the sample container 40 is retracted to the evacuation section 60, the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment notifies the user that the sample container 40 has been retracted to the evacuation section 60, and responds. Instruct the user. As a result, the user can know that the sample container 40 has been evacuated to the evacuation section and the action to be taken.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 can return the sample container 40 from the evacuation unit 60 to the original sample tray 30 when the user inputs that the correspondence is completed? Judge whether or not. As a result of the determination, if the sample container 40 can be returned to the original sample tray 30, the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 returns the sample container 40 from the retracting unit 60 to the original position of the original sample tray 30. On the other hand, when the user's response is insufficient and the sample container 40 cannot be returned to the original sample tray 30, the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 retracts the sample container 40 to the evacuation unit 60. And instruct the user to respond. This makes it possible to prevent the sample container 40 from being damaged due to insufficient response by the user.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 can determine whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position by using the transport device 50. Since it is not necessary to separately provide a sensor or an apparatus for determining whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position, the manufacturing cost of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 can be suppressed.
- the sample container 40 in order to prevent damage to the sample container 40, if the sample container 40 cannot be returned to the original sample tray 30, until the sample container 40 can be returned to the original sample tray 30.
- a method of keeping the sample container 40 in the measuring device 20 is also conceivable. According to such a method, the sample container 40 can be prevented from being damaged.
- the sample container 40 contains an acidic liquid sample
- the measuring device 20 is a closed and narrow space. The inside will corrode.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment does not keep the sample container 40 inside the measuring device 20, but retracts the sample container 40 to the unsealed evacuation unit 60.
- the inside of the measuring device 20 is prevented from corroding, so that the harmful effects of the device that sequentially measures a plurality of samples are eliminated. Further, since the retractable portion 60 is not sealed and is provided in a wide space inside the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10, even if the sample container 40 is retained in the retractable portion 60, the inside of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 is provided. Does not corrode.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 has another sample in the original position based on the spread of the claw 52 generated by the operation of gripping the sample container 40 by the transport device 50 in step S420 and step S450. It was determined whether or not the container was placed, but it is not limited to this. As another example, the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 puts another sample in its original position based on whether or not the claw 52 comes into contact with the sample container 40 as the transfer device 50 grips the sample container 40. It may be determined whether or not the container is placed.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 is provided with a sensor at the tip of the claw 52 for detecting the contact between the claw 52 and the sample container 40, and the claw 52 and the sample container 40 are provided by the sensor. Detects contact with.
- the sensor is connected to the control device 80, and the detection result by the sensor is transmitted to the control device 80.
- the control device 80 causes the transport device 50 to perform an operation of gripping the sample container 40 in the original position, and when contact between the claw 52 and the sample container 40 is detected, the original It is determined that another sample container is placed in the position, and if the contact between the claw 52 and the sample container 40 is not detected, it is determined that the other sample container is not placed in the original position. do.
- the method of determining step S420 and step S450 is different from the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment is another sample container placed in the original position based on the state of the claw 52 generated by the operation of gripping the sample container 40 by the transport device 50? It was judged whether or not.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer according to the second embodiment requires an operation of gripping the sample container 40 by the transport device 50 when determining whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position. do not do.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer according to the second embodiment detects with a sensor whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position.
- the differences from the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10A according to the second embodiment.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10A includes a contact sensor 35 (corresponding to the “second sensor”) in addition to the configuration (see FIGS. 1 and 2) included in the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the contact sensor 35 detects contact between the sample tray 30 (see FIG. 1) and the sample container 40 (see FIG. 1).
- the contact sensor 35 is an example of a sensor that detects the presence / absence of the sample container 40 placed on the sample tray 30.
- the contact sensor 35 is provided at each position on the sample tray 30 where the sample container 40 is placed.
- the contact sensor 35 transmits the detection result to the control device 80.
- the control device 80 determines whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position based on the detection result sent from the contact sensor 35. When the contact between the sample tray 30 and the sample container 40 is detected in the original position, the control device 80 determines that another sample container is placed in the original position, and in the original position. If the contact between the sample tray 30 and the sample container 40 is not detected, it is determined that no other sample container is placed in the original position.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10A includes the contact sensor 35, and thus, in order to determine whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position, the transport device 50. There is no need to drive. As a result, the drive frequency of the transport device 50 is suppressed, so that deterioration of the transport device 50 can be suppressed. Further, the time required for determining whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position can be shortened by the time required for the transfer device 50 to grip the sample container 40.
- the fluorescent X-ray analyzer 10A is a sensor that determines whether or not another sample container is placed in the original position without the operation of gripping the sample container 40 by the transport device 50. Anything that can be detected by Therefore, instead of the contact sensor 35, a sensor that irradiates light to detect the presence or absence of the sample container 40, a sensor that detects a change in the weight of each position on which the sample container 40 is placed on the sample tray 30, and the like. May be used.
- the automatic analyzer is a fluorescent X-ray analyzer, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the automatic analyzer according to the above embodiment includes a place where a plurality of sample containers are placed (for example, a sample tray) and a place where measurement, analysis, or preparation is performed on a sample (for example, a measuring device, an analyzer). , Preparation device) and one sample container from the multiple sample containers placed, transport to the place where measurement, analysis, or preparation is performed, and after measurement, analysis, or preparation, the sample container is concerned.
- Any device may be used as long as it is equipped with a transport device for returning the sample to the original place, and for example, an automatic analyzer having an auto sampler (automatic sample preparation) function, a blood coagulation analyzer, or the like may be used.
- the automatic analyzer for analyzing a sample is a measuring device for measuring a sample and one or more samples provided outside the measuring device and on which a plurality of sample containers are placed.
- a tray and a transport device that selects one sample container from a plurality of sample containers placed on the sample tray and transports it to the measuring device, and returns the sample container to the original sample tray after measurement by the measuring device.
- It includes a control device that controls the operation of the device, and a retracting unit that is provided at a position different from that of the measuring device and the sample tray and on which the sample container is temporarily placed. When the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray, the control device retracts the sample container to the retracting unit.
- the sample container if the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray, the sample container after measurement is retracted to the retracting part. As a result, it is possible to prevent the sample container from being damaged due to dropping or contact, and thus it is possible to eliminate the harmful effects of the device for sequentially measuring a plurality of samples.
- the automated analyzer according to paragraph 1 further includes a rack in which the sample tray is set, and a first sensor for detecting that the sample tray is set in the rack. If the first sensor cannot detect that the sample tray is set in the rack, the control device determines that the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray.
- the sample tray is not set in the rack, the sample container after measurement is retracted to the evacuation section. As a result, it is possible to prevent the sample container from being damaged due to dropping, and thus it is possible to eliminate the harmful effects of the device for sequentially measuring a plurality of samples.
- the transport device has a grip portion for gripping the sample container, and the sample container is gripped by the grip portion to transport the sample container.
- the control device causes the transport device to perform an operation of gripping the sample container at the position where the sample container after measurement is returned, and the operation is performed. Based on the state of the grip portion that accompanies this, it is determined whether or not another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container after measurement is returned, and the other sample container is placed at the position where the sample container after measurement is returned. If it is placed, it is determined that the sample container cannot be returned from the measuring device to the original sample tray.
- the sample tray is set in the rack but another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container after measurement is returned, the sample container after measurement is placed.
- the sample container is retracted to the evacuation section.
- whether or not another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container is returned after measurement can be determined by the operation of gripping the sample container. This reduces the manufacturing cost of the automated analyzer because it is not necessary to separately install a sensor or device to determine whether or not another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container is returned after measurement. be able to.
- the automated analyzer according to paragraph 2 further includes a second sensor that detects the presence or absence of a sample container placed on the sample tray.
- a second sensor that detects the presence or absence of a sample container placed on the sample tray.
- the sample tray is set in the rack but another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container after measurement is returned, the sample container after measurement is placed.
- the sample container is retracted to the evacuation section.
- the drive frequency of the transport device can be suppressed, so that deterioration of the transport device can be suppressed.
- the time required for determining whether or not another sample container is placed at the position where the sample container is returned after the measurement can be shortened by the time required for the transfer device to grip the sample container.
- the automated analyzer according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 4 notifies that the sample container has been evacuated to the evacuation section when the sample container has been evacuated to the evacuation section. Further equipped with a notification unit. After the notification by the notification unit, the control device determines whether or not the sample container can be returned to the original sample tray when the sample container is returned from the retracting unit to the original sample tray, and the sample container is returned to the original. If it can be returned to the sample tray, return the sample container to the original sample tray.
- the user is notified that the sample container has been evacuated to the evacuation section.
- the user can know that the sample container has been evacuated to the evacuation section.
- it is determined whether or not the sample container can be returned to the original sample tray, and the sample container can be returned to the original sample tray.
- the sample container is returned to the original sample tray. This makes it possible to prevent the sample container from being damaged due to insufficient response by the user.
- the measuring device is covered with a housing and an opening / closing lid to form a sealed space inside.
- the sample container if the sample container cannot be returned to the original sample tray, the sample container is not kept inside the measuring device but is placed in an unsealed retractor. Retract the sample container. This makes it possible to prevent the inside of the measuring device 20 from corroding even when the sample container contains an acidic liquid sample.
- the automatic analyzer described in Section 7 in the fluorescent X-ray analyzer, it is possible to prevent the sample container from being damaged due to dropping or contact, so that there is an adverse effect of the apparatus for measuring a plurality of samples in order. It can be resolved.
- 10,10A fluorescent X-ray analyzer 20 measuring device, 22,108 opening, 24 opening / closing lid, 30 sample tray, 31 rack, 32 rack sensor, 35 contact sensor, 40 sample container, 50 transfer device, 51 arm, 52 Claw, 53 tip, 60 retractor, 70 input device, 75 display device, 80 control device, 81 CPU, 82 ROM, 83 RAM, 84 communication interface, 85 HDD, 86 I / O interface, 102, 112 housing, 104 sample table, 106 sample room, 110 communication passage, 114 measuring room, 116 X-ray tube, 118 shutter, 120 primary X-ray filter, 122 collimeter, 124 drive mechanism, 126 detector, 128 vent, 130 exhaust device, 132 Air supply device, 134 switching valve.
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Abstract
Description
<蛍光X線分析装置の全体構成>
図1および図2を参照して、実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置の全体構成について説明する。図1は、実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置10の内部を示す図である。図2は、実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置10の制御構成を示す図である。蛍光X線分析装置10は、試料に対してX線を照射し、試料から発せられる蛍光X線を測定することで試料の構成元素を分析する。蛍光X線分析装置10は、測定装置20と、試料トレイ30と、ラック31と、ラックセンサ32と、搬送装置50と、退避部60と、入力装置70と、表示装置75と、制御装置80とを備える。
図2および図3を参照して、測定装置20の詳細な構成と、測定装置20による試料の測定について説明する。図3は、実施の形態1に従う測定装置20の構成例を示す図である。測定装置20は、筐体102,112と、試料台104とを含む。筐体102は、試料台104の上面に設置され、筐体102と試料台104とによって試料室106が形成される。筐体112は、試料台104の下面に設置され、筐体112と試料台104とによって測定室114が形成される。試料室106及び測定室114から成る空間は、筐体102,112によって気密に囲われており、試料室106と測定室114とは、試料台104に設けられた連絡通路110によって連通している。
図1、図2、図4、および図5を参照して、試料容器40の搬送について説明する。図4および図5は、実施の形態1に従う試料容器40の搬送処理を示すフローチャートである。図4および図5に示す処理は、制御装置80が行う処理であり、CPU81がROM82に格納されているプログラムを実行することにより実現される。
実施の形態2に従う蛍光X線分析装置では、ステップS420およびステップS450の判定の仕方が実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置10と異なっている。実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置10は、搬送装置50による試料容器40を把持する動作に伴って生じる爪52の状態を基に、元の位置に他の試料容器が載置されているか否かを判定した。これに対し、実施の形態2に従う蛍光X線分析装置は、元の位置に他の試料容器が載置されているか否かの判定に際し、搬送装置50による試料容器40を把持する動作を必要としない。実施の形態2に従う蛍光X線分析装置は、元の位置に他の試料容器が載置されているか否かをセンサで検知する。以下、実施の形態1に従う蛍光X線分析装置10と異なる点について説明する。なお、実施の形態1と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して、その説明は繰り返さない。
上記実施の形態では、自動分析装置は蛍光X線分析装置であったが、これに限られない。上記実施の形態に係る自動分析装置は、複数の試料容器が載置される場所(たとえば、試料トレイ)と、試料に対し測定、分析、または調製が行われる場所(たとえば、測定装置、分析装置、調製装置)と、載置されている複数の試料容器から1つの試料容器を選択して、測定、分析、または調製が行われる場所に搬送し、測定、分析、または調製の後に当該試料容器を元の場所へ戻す搬送装置とを備える装置であればよく、たとえば、オートサンプラ(試料自動調製)機能を備えた自動分析装置や血液凝固分析装置等でもよい。
上述した例示的な実施の形態は、以下の態様の具体例であることが当業者により理解される。
Claims (7)
- 試料を分析する自動分析装置であって、
前記試料の測定を行う測定装置と、
前記測定装置の外部に設けられ、複数の試料容器が載置される、1つ以上の試料トレイと、
前記試料トレイ上に載置された複数の前記試料容器から1つの前記試料容器を選択して前記測定装置へ搬送し、前記測定装置による測定後に当該試料容器を元の前記試料トレイに戻す搬送装置と、
前記搬送装置の動作を制御する制御装置と、
前記測定装置と前記試料トレイとは異なる位置に設けられ、前記試料容器が一時的に載置される退避部と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記試料容器を前記測定装置から元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができない場合に、当該試料容器を前記退避部へ退避させる、自動分析装置。 - 前記試料トレイがセットされるラックと、
前記試料トレイが前記ラックにセットされていることを検知する第1センサと、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1センサで前記試料トレイが前記ラックにセットされていることを検知できない場合に、前記試料容器を前記測定装置から元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができないと判定する、請求項1に記載の自動分析装置。 - 前記搬送装置は、
前記試料容器を把持する把持部を有し、
前記試料容器を前記把持部で把持して当該試料容器を搬送し、
前記制御装置は、
前記第1センサで前記試料トレイが前記ラックにセットされていることを検知できた場合に、測定後の前記試料容器を戻す位置において前記試料容器を把持する動作を前記搬送装置に行わせ、当該動作に伴って生じる前記把持部の状態に基づいて、測定後の前記試料容器を戻す位置に他の試料容器が載置されているか否かを判定し、
測定後の前記試料容器を戻す位置に前記他の試料容器が載置されている場合に、前記試料容器を前記測定装置から元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができないと判定する、請求項2に記載の自動分析装置。 - 前記試料トレイ上に載置されている前記試料容器の有無を検知する第2センサをさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記第1センサで前記試料トレイが前記ラックにセットされていることを検知できた場合に、前記第2センサの検出結果に基づいて、測定後の前記試料容器を戻す位置に他の試料容器が載置されているか否かを判定し、
測定後の前記試料容器を戻す位置に前記他の試料容器が載置されている場合に、前記試料容器を前記測定装置から元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができないと判定する、請求項2に記載の自動分析装置。 - 前記試料容器を前記退避部へ退避させた場合に、前記試料容器を前記退避部へ退避させたことを報知する報知部をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記報知部による報知の後、前記試料容器を前記退避部から元の前記試料トレイに戻す際に当該試料容器を元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができるか否かを判定し、
当該試料容器を元の前記試料トレイに戻すことができる場合に、当該試料容器を元の前記試料トレイへ戻す、請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の自動分析装置。 - 前記測定装置は筐体と開閉蓋とで覆われ、内部に密閉された空間を形成する、請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の自動分析装置。
- 前記自動分析装置は、試料の表面にX線を照射し、前記表面から発生する蛍光X線を検出することによって前記試料を分析する蛍光X線分析装置である、請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の自動分析装置。
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JP2018063196A (ja) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X線分析装置 |
WO2020044399A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X線分析装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202180066220.2A patent/CN116249896A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-18 US US18/018,293 patent/US20240027375A1/en active Pending
- 2021-05-18 JP JP2022540029A patent/JP7485048B2/ja active Active
- 2021-05-18 WO PCT/JP2021/018795 patent/WO2022024506A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4582990A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1986-04-15 | Randam Electronics, Inc. | Analytical instrument with two moving trains of sample holder-carrying trays under microprocessor control |
JP2002098659A (ja) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-04-05 | Rigaku Industrial Co | 分析装置 |
JP2005207908A (ja) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-08-04 | Rigaku Industrial Co | 蛍光x線分析装置 |
JP2009198405A (ja) * | 2008-02-23 | 2009-09-03 | Horiba Ltd | 加熱型試料分析装置 |
JP2018063196A (ja) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X線分析装置 |
WO2020044399A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | X線分析装置 |
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JP7485048B2 (ja) | 2024-05-16 |
US20240027375A1 (en) | 2024-01-25 |
CN116249896A (zh) | 2023-06-09 |
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