WO2022017144A1 - 激光光源及激光投影设备 - Google Patents
激光光源及激光投影设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022017144A1 WO2022017144A1 PCT/CN2021/103537 CN2021103537W WO2022017144A1 WO 2022017144 A1 WO2022017144 A1 WO 2022017144A1 CN 2021103537 W CN2021103537 W CN 2021103537W WO 2022017144 A1 WO2022017144 A1 WO 2022017144A1
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- diffuser
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
- G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
- G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of projection technology, and in particular, to a laser light source and a laser projection device.
- the laser light source has the advantages of good monochromaticity, high brightness and long life, and is an ideal light source.
- lasers are gradually used as light sources for illumination.
- lasers have been used as projection light sources in projection equipment, gradually replacing mercury lamp illumination.
- LED light sources lasers also have the advantages of small etendue and high brightness.
- Lasers are divided into blue lasers, red lasers and green lasers according to the type of light emission, which emit blue lasers, red lasers and green lasers respectively.
- blue lasers were the first to be industrially applied, and red and green lasers were limited by the reason for their power increase (such as less than 1W luminous power, low brightness), and could not be applied for a long time before.
- Most of the laser projection light sources are mixed laser light sources of monochromatic laser (blue laser) and fluorescence, and fluorescence is excited by blue laser.
- a solid-state laser is essentially a PN junction semiconductor, as shown in Figure 1-1.
- the schematic diagram of the laser light-emitting chip Between the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor is the active layer, also known as the active region.
- the oscillation of the resonator in the active region will cause lasers of different wavelengths to be emitted from the front cavity surface.
- the laser beam is emitted in a radial beam from the light-emitting point.
- the axis diverges faster and the angle is larger, and the slow axis diverges relatively slowly and the angle is smaller, so that the shape of the laser beam is elliptical.
- blue laser and green laser can be generated by using gallium arsenide luminescent material
- red laser can be generated by using gallium nitride luminescent material. Due to the different light-emitting mechanisms of the luminescent materials, the red laser has a low luminous efficiency and a high thermal conversion rate in the process of generating various color lasers. The luminous efficiency of the blue laser and the green laser is relatively high, and the corresponding chip can meet the luminous demand by setting a luminous point. In order to meet the requirements of luminous power, as shown in Figure 1-3, the red laser chip usually sets multiple luminous points, such as X1, X2, to increase the luminous power, which also causes the size of the red laser beam to be relatively large. At the same time, due to the different luminescence mechanisms of the luminescent materials, the divergence speed of the fast and slow axes of the red laser is greater than that of the blue laser and the green laser.
- the package structure of the chip is usually the same in appearance. Therefore, even under the same package structure, due to the different degrees of divergence of the fast and slow axes, the red laser is more effective than the laser beam emitted by the blue and green lasers when applied.
- the divergence angle of the red laser is large, the degree of diffusion is large, and the spot size of the red laser will also be larger, which will affect the color coincidence of the red laser and other color lasers.
- An aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a laser light source, including a laser, at least emitting a blue laser and a red laser;
- the first lens, the first diffuser and the second lens are arranged in sequence along the light emitting direction of the light source, and the first lens is used for condensing the blue laser and the red laser to the first diffuser;
- the first diffusing part is used to expand the divergence angles of the blue laser and the red laser and then shoot toward the second lens;
- the second lens is used to converge the divergent blue laser and red laser
- the focal point of the second lens is located between the first lens and the second lens, the first diffuser is located at the focal plane of the second lens, and the size of the light spot emitted by the second lens is smaller than the size of the light spot incident on the incident side of the first lens. size.
- a laser projection device including:
- the laser light source is used to emit light to the light valve
- the light valve is used to modulate the incident light and then shoot it towards the lens
- the lens is used to project the incident light.
- Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of a related art laser light-emitting chip
- Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the related art laser light-emitting chip emitting light beam
- Figures 1-3 are schematic diagrams of the principle structure of a red laser light-emitting chip in the related art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- 3-1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
- 3-2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of another laser light source provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- 3-3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of another laser light source provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- 3-4 are schematic diagrams of optical paths of still another laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a diffuser component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser used in an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of another laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial optical path of a laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
- plural means two or more.
- Figure 2 shows an example of the structure of a laser projection device.
- the structure and working process of the laser projection device of this embodiment will be described.
- the laser projection device 00 includes a whole casing 011 and a base 012 .
- the whole casing 011 and the base 012 form an accommodating space, and in the accommodating space, it also includes a light source assembled on the base 012 10, the optical machine 20, and the lens 30, these three parts constitute the optical engine part, and are connected in sequence along the beam propagation direction.
- Each of the three major parts is packaged with a corresponding casing to support the optical components and make each optical part meet certain sealing or airtight requirements.
- a plurality of circuit boards 40 are also included in the accommodating space formed by the whole casing 011 and the base 012 .
- the plurality of circuit boards 40 are parallel to each other, and are vertically arranged on the base 012 on the inner side of the whole casing 011 .
- the optical machine 20 and the lens 30 are connected and arranged along the first direction of the whole machine.
- the first direction may be the width direction of the whole machine, or according to the usage mode, the first direction Opposite to the viewing direction of the user, the connection direction of the light source 10 and the optical engine 20 is perpendicular to the first direction, so that the optical engine part composed of the light source 10, the optical engine 20 and the lens 30 is connected in an "L" shape.
- the optomechanical is located at the corner of the "L" shape. As a result, the optical axis is turned 90 degrees, so that the length of the optical path in one direction is compressed.
- the laser projection apparatus 00 further includes a plurality of circuit boards 40 , and the plurality of circuit boards 40 are arranged vertically with respect to the bottom plate 102 and along the inner side of the whole casing 011 .
- the whole casing 011 is schematically represented. Specifically, a plurality of circuit boards 40 are arranged in parallel with each other, and are arranged close to the inner side of the whole machine casing 011.
- the whole machine casing 011 is a cover body including a top cover. part.
- the plurality of circuit boards 40 include a power supply board, also called a power board, which is used to provide power for multiple modules of the device; a display board, which is mainly used to control the imaging of the projection system, which is a DLP system in this embodiment, such as a DMD chip signal.
- the generation of the light source timing signal and the output of the PWM brightness dimming signal; the signal transmission board, also known as the TV board, is mainly used to decode the video signal to form an image signal and transmit it to the display board for further image processing.
- the above-mentioned light source 10 is a laser light source, and a laser can be used to emit at least red laser light and blue laser light.
- a laser can be used to emit at least red laser light and blue laser light.
- the following example takes the laser emitting red laser and blue laser as an example for description.
- the laser light source includes a laser 120, which emits at least blue laser and red laser, and the laser 120 can be two groups of lasers that emit different colors.
- the first lens 1041 , the first diffuser 105 and the second lens 1042 are sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light source.
- the first lens 1041 is specifically a convex lens, and is used for condensing the above-mentioned at least color laser light and red laser light to the first diffusion part 105 .
- the first diffusing part 105 is used to expand the divergence angles of at least the blue laser and the red laser, and then radiate toward the second lens 1042 .
- the degree of divergence of the transmitted red laser and blue laser is basically the same.
- the original divergence angle is changed or increased by 5 degrees, so that the range of the divergence angle of the red laser and the blue laser has been expanded.
- the original fast axis divergence angle of the red laser beam is 30 degrees, and the original fast axis divergence angle of the blue laser beam is 15 degrees, then after passing through the first diffuser 105, the red laser beam fast axis
- the divergence angle increases by 5 degrees to 35 degrees, and the fast axis divergence angle of the blue laser beam also increases by 5 degrees to 20 degrees.
- the divergence angle The degree of difference is changed from 100% ((30-15)/15) to 75% ((35-20)/20), and the difference is reduced, so that when the red laser beam and the blue laser beam are combined, the two If the degree of divergence is close, the degree of coincidence of the light spots will also increase.
- the second lens 1042 is used for converging the above-mentioned blue laser and red laser in a diverging state, compressing the divergence angle of the red laser and the blue laser, and reducing the size of the beam spot.
- the focal point of the second lens 1042 is located between the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042, and the first diffuser 105 is located at the focal plane of the second lens 1042.
- the first diffuser 105 is equivalent to being located in the second lens 1042.
- a partial area of the first diffuser 105 can be regarded as a point light source located at the focal position of the second lens 1042 .
- the size of the light spot of at least the blue laser and the red laser converged by the second lens 1042 is smaller than the size of the light spot after being converged by the first lens 1041 and before entering the first diffuser 105 .
- the laser beam spots with different degrees of divergence and different colors, such as red laser and blue laser have divergence angles at this time. It has been enlarged, and the difference in the degree of divergence has also been reduced, so that the degree of coincidence during light combining is improved, which is beneficial to reduce the color cast of the combined light spot, and the spot size of different color laser beams is reduced.
- Figures 3-2 illustrate another embodiment of a laser light source.
- the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 are both convex lenses, and their focal points overlap, and the overlapped focal point is located between the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 .
- the first diffuser 105 is located at the focal point.
- the optical axes of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 may be collinear.
- the first lens 1041 can condense the light incident from the laser 120 to its focal point, so the first lens 1041 can condense the light emitted by the laser 120 to the first diffuser 105.
- the first diffuser 105 In terms of structure, it can be a sheet-like structure such as a diffuser, but according to optical principles, it can be regarded as a point light source here.
- the first diffusing part 105 is used to expand the divergence angle of the incident light rays and then send them to the second lens 1042 .
- the second lens 1042 receives light beams with multiple divergence angles from the focal point and collimates them into parallel light beams.
- the first diffuser 105 Since the first diffuser 105 is located at the focal point of the first lens, the light beams incident on the first lens 1041 will converge here to form a point light source, and the focal point is also the focal point of the second lens 1042. According to the optical imaging In principle, the light beam emitted from here will be collimated into a parallel light beam by the second lens 1042 no matter what angle is incident on the second lens 1042 (assuming that the size of the second lens is not considered). In this way, the first diffusing part 105 can be set to have a large divergence angle, and even after the red laser and blue laser are diverged to a large extent, they can still be output as parallel beams, so the red laser can be output to a large extent. The laser and blue laser are diffused and homogenized to reduce the difference in the degree of divergence of different color beams.
- the light emitted by the light source to the first lens 1041 may be parallel to the optical axis of the first lens 1041 , or substantially parallel to the optical axis (that is, the included angle between the light and the optical axis is smaller than a certain angle threshold). Since the convex lens can focus light parallel to the optical axis at the focal point, and the convex lens can change the light incident from its focal point into light parallel to the optical axis.
- the light emitted by the light source can be concentrated at its focal point after passing through the first mirror 1041, and the light can be re-emitted to the second lens 1042, and become parallel light through the second lens 1042, so that the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 can form a beam reduction system to reduce beams incident on the first lens.
- the spot area on the first lens 1041 is larger than the spot area on the second lens 1042 . That is, the area of the spot formed by the light emitted from the light source on the first lens 1041 is larger than the area of the spot formed by the light emitted from the first diffuser 105 on the second lens 1042 .
- the spot area on the first lens 1041 is larger than the spot area on the second lens 1042 . That is to say, the lens group composed of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 can condense the input light beam to ensure that more light is emitted to the subsequent optical components for forming a projection image, and to ensure that the utilization rate of light is high.
- the first diffuser 105 can be a diffuser in a moving state, such as a moving diffuser, which can rotate or vibrate.
- the ratio of the spot area on the incident side of the first lens 1041 to the spot area on the exit side of the second lens 1042 ranges from 1.5 to 3.
- the focal length of the first lens 1041 is greater than the focal length of the second lens 1042 .
- the laser 120 also emits green laser light.
- the red laser, the blue laser, and the green laser can be sequentially emitted in sequence.
- FIG. 3-3 shows an optical schematic diagram of still another laser light source.
- the first diffusion part 105 is in a moving state and is driven by the first driving structure 107 .
- the example of the laser light source further includes a second diffusing part 109 , which is disposed in the path where the laser light emitted by the light source enters the first lens 1041 , that is, between the laser 120 and the first lens 1041 .
- the second diffusion part 109 may be a fixed diffusion sheet.
- FIG. 3-4 also shows another example of a laser light source.
- the laser light source also has a second diffusing part 106, and the second diffusing part 106 is driven by the second The structure 108 performs a driving motion.
- the second diffuser 106 is disposed behind the second lens 1042 and is located in the exit path of the parallel light beam.
- the second diffuser 106 may also be a fixed diffuser.
- the divergence angle of the second diffusing portion 106 or 109 is smaller than the divergence angle of the first diffusing portion 105 .
- the divergence angle of the first diffusion part 105 may range from 5 degrees to 16 degrees.
- the first diffusing part 105 may have multiple sub-regions, as shown in FIG. 4 , taking two sub-regions as an example.
- the first partition 1051 may be used to transmit through the red laser light
- the second partition 1052 may be used to transmit through the blue laser light or the green laser light.
- the diffusion angle of the first sub-area 1051 is smaller than the diffusion angle of the second sub-area 1052.
- the diffusion angle of the first sub-area 1051 to the light is 6 degrees
- the diffusion angle of the second sub-area 1052 to the light is 9 degrees.
- the divergence angle increases to 36 degrees, while the divergence angle of the blue laser or green laser with an original divergence angle of 15 degrees increases to 24 degrees, so the difference between the two is It is 50%.
- the light with a smaller original divergence angle can be diverged to a greater extent, which can further reduce the difference in divergence degrees of laser beams of different colors, thereby helping to improve the color of the combined light spot.
- the laser 120 may be an MCL type laser, such as the structure shown in FIG. 5 .
- MCL type laser such as the structure shown in FIG. 5 .
- Each group of lasers can have the structure shown in FIG.
- the laser 120 is a group of MCL-type lasers, including multiple light-emitting chips arranged in rows and columns, respectively emitting red laser, blue laser, and green laser.
- FIG. 5 there can be at least three groups of MCL lasers, emitting red lasers, blue lasers, and green lasers respectively.
- Each group of lasers can have the structure shown in FIG.
- the laser 120 is a group of MCL-type lasers, including multiple light-emitting chips arranged in rows and columns, respectively emitting red laser, blue laser, and green laser.
- the laser may include a first light emitting area 2001, a second light emitting area 2002, and a third light emitting area 2003 disposed on the same substrate, wherein the first light emitting area, the second light emitting area, and the third light emitting area The regions are arranged adjacently in sequence, and the area of the third light emitting region is larger than that of the first light emitting region and the second light emitting region.
- the first light-emitting region may emit blue laser light
- the second light-emitting region may emit green laser light
- the third light-emitting region may emit red laser light
- the above three light-emitting regions are located on the same laser package component, that is, the light-emitting chips of the three-color laser are arranged in an array and packaged in a module.
- the MCL laser used in this example is a 4 ⁇ 5 light-emitting device. array.
- the laser assembly includes a substrate 2010, a plurality of light-emitting chips are packaged on the substrate 2010, and a collimating lens group 2012 is further provided at the position of the light-emitting surface of the laser assembly.
- the light-emitting surface of the laser component has multiple light-emitting areas, and the light beams emitted from different light-emitting areas have different colors. One row glows green, one glows blue, and the remaining two glow red.
- the above-mentioned laser assembly encapsulates the three-color light-emitting chips together, and has a small volume, which is beneficial to reduce the volume of the light source device.
- the laser components in this example are not limited to the above-mentioned 4X5 array, and can also be other array arrangements, such as 3X5 array or 2X7 array, as long as it can emit three-color laser beams.
- FIG. 6 shows a specific structure of a laser 120 .
- a plurality of light-combining lenses 1201 , 1202 , 1203 are arranged corresponding to different light-emitting areas of the MCL laser, all of which are used to refract the light beams emitted from the corresponding light-emitting areas by 90 degrees and then radiate toward the light-emitting port of the light source.
- the multiple light-combining lenses are arranged in sequence toward the light exit of the laser light source, and at least one light-combining lens can transmit the light beams of the corresponding colors from other light-emitting areas, combine the reflected light beams, and emit in the direction of the light exit of the laser light source. .
- the first light combining lens 1201 is used to receive the light beam emitted by the first light emitting area
- the second light combining lens 1202 is used to receive the light beam emitted by the second light output area
- the third light combining lens 1203 is used to receive the third light output area. emitted beam.
- the included angle between them can be set to 45° ⁇ 2°, wherein the first light combining lens 1201 is a reflective mirror, the second light combining lens 1202 and the third light combining lens 12033 are all dichroic mirrors.
- the first light-combining lens 1201 , the second light-combining lens 1202 and the third light-combining lens 1203 are arranged parallel to each other.
- the first light-combining lens 1201 is a reflecting mirror for reflecting the laser beam of the first color.
- the second light combining lens 1202 is used to reflect the laser beam of the second color and transmit the laser beam of the first color, and is a dichroic mirror.
- the third light combining lens 1203 is used to reflect the laser beam of the third color and transmit the laser beam of the first color and the second color.
- the third light combining lens 1203 is a dichroic mirror.
- the spot size of the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam is smaller than the spot size of the third color laser beam, and the beam angle of the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam and the angle of the third color laser beam Specifically, the parallelism of the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam is smaller than that of the third color laser beam, that is, the divergence angle of the third color laser beam is greater than that of the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam. The divergence angle of the color laser beam.
- the third color laser is red laser, and the first color laser and the second color laser are blue laser and green laser.
- the size of the red laser beam is larger than that of the blue laser and the green laser.
- the light spot distribution measured on the light entrance surface of the light rod will show a relatively obvious color boundary phenomenon between the inner and outer circles, for example, the converged light spot is approximately a circle.
- the outermost circle is red, and the inner circle is purple, blue and other different concentric circles.
- the above phenomenon shows that the three-color laser beams have the phenomenon of spot boundary and uneven color distribution of combined light. And this phenomenon will lead to the degradation of the projected image quality.
- the first diffuser is located at the focal point of the second lens and between the first lens and the second lens, especially when the focal points of the first lens and the second lens are coincident, the first diffuser A wide range of divergence angles can be set in the part to spread the incident laser beam to a large extent, so that the homogenization effect of the laser beam is good.
- the second lens converges or is in a collimated state.
- the part of the light source incident on the first diffuser and located at the focal point of the second lens can be regarded as a point light source, and the part of the light beam exiting through the first diffuser can be
- the two lenses are collimated into parallel or nearly parallel beams, and the part of the beam that is not incident at the focal position forms a surface light source at the focal plane. This part of the light source can still be compressed by the second lens to converge the beam divergence angle.
- the original laser beams with different divergence angles and different colors can be diverged at a larger angle, but the improvement rates of the divergence angles are different, so that the laser beams of different colors pass through the first diffuser.
- the difference of the divergence angle of the beam can be reduced, the coincidence of the combined light spot can be improved, the phenomenon of color circle and color cast can be reduced or avoided, and the picture quality of the projected image can be improved.
- the following embodiments of the present application provide a laser projection device, and the display effect of the projection screen of the laser projection device can be better.
- the laser projection apparatus can also be easily miniaturized.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the laser projection device 00 includes: a laser 120, a light valve 103 and a lens 30.
- the laser 120 is used to emit light to the light valve 103, and the light valve 103 is used to modulate the incident light and then shoot it toward the lens 30,
- the lens 30 is used to project the incident light.
- the laser projection apparatus 00 further includes: a first lens 1041 , a first diffuser 105 , a second lens 1042 and a light homogenizing member 101 located in the optical path between the laser 120 and the light valve 103 .
- the first lens 1041 , the first diffuser 105 , the second lens 1042 and the light homogenizing member 101 may be sequentially arranged along the light exit direction of the laser 120 (the x direction in FIG. 7 ).
- the focal points of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 are coincident, and the coincident focal points are located between the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 .
- the first diffuser 105 is located at the focal point.
- the optical axes of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 may be collinear. And, both the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 are convex lenses.
- the first lens 1041 can condense the light incident from the laser 120 to its focal point, so the first lens 1041 can condense the light emitted by the laser 120 to the first diffusing part 105, which is used for diffusing the incident light After the angle is enlarged, it shoots toward the second lens 1042 .
- the second lens 1042 is used to send the incident light to the light homogenizing part 101 , and the light homogenizing part 101 is used to homogenize the incident light and then shoot it to the tube valve 103 .
- the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 can form a beam reduction system to reduce the beam incident on the first lens, so the spot area on the first lens 1041 is larger than that on the second lens 1042 . That is, the area of the light spot formed on the first lens 1041 by the light emitted from the light source is larger than the area of the light spot formed by the light emitted from the first diffuser 105 on the second lens 1042 .
- the light emitted by the light source to the first lens 1041 may be parallel to the optical axis of the first lens 1041, or substantially parallel to the optical axis (ie, the angle between the light and the optical axis is smaller than a certain angle threshold). Since the convex lens can focus light parallel to the optical axis at the focal point, and the convex lens can change the light incident from its focal point into light parallel to the optical axis. Therefore, after passing through the first lens 1041 , the light emitted by the light source can be converged at its focal point, and the light can be re-emitted to the second lens 1042 and become parallel light through the second lens 1042 .
- the laser 120 may not include a condensing lens, or replace the condensing lens with a collimating lens, so as to ensure that the light emitted by the light source to the optical machine is parallel light or approximately parallel light.
- the spot area on the first lens 1041 is larger than the spot area on the second lens 1042 . That is, the lens group composed of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 can condense the input light beam to ensure that more light is directed to the uniform light component for forming a projection image, and to ensure a high utilization rate of the light.
- the first diffusing part is located at the focal point of the first lens and the second lens, so even if the diffusing angle of the first diffusing part can be set to be larger, it can be ensured that the light emitted from the first diffusing part can be regarded as The point light source is emitted toward the second lens, and becomes approximately parallel light.
- the laser projection device can reduce the divergence degree of laser beams of different colors and originally have different divergence angles on the basis of not affecting the beam shrinking of light and ensuring the utilization rate of light.
- the homogenization of the laser beam can be improved, thereby reducing the speckle effect of the laser projection equipment and improving the display effect of the projection screen of the laser projection equipment.
- the loss of the light radiating to the homogenizing part is less, the light utilization rate of the homogenizing part can be guaranteed to be high.
- the first diffuser is located at the focal point of the first lens and the second lens. Even if the diffusion angle of the first diffuser is relatively large, it will not affect the constriction of the light by the first lens and the second lens. , so the diffusion angle of the first diffusion part can be larger, ensuring a better effect of eliminating the speckle effect.
- the first diffuser when the focal points of the first lens and the second lens do not coincide, and the first diffuser is located at the focal plane of the second lens, it can also have the effect of greatly changing the degree of divergence of the laser beam. , which is different from the case where the focal points of the first lens and the second lens overlap, when the focal points of the two overlap, the light entrance or exit of the first diffuser can be regarded as a point light source.
- the diffusion angle of the laser beam is diffused and the divergence angle of the laser beam is changed, it can still be collimated into a parallel beam by the second lens, and the incident side of the first lens is also a parallel beam.
- the incident light and the outgoing light are both parallel beams, and the outgoing spot size is reduced, which can simultaneously achieve the purpose of beam reduction.
- the above description is also applicable to the case of the aforementioned embodiments of the laser light source.
- the first diffuser is arranged between the first lens and the second lens, and the optical processing of beam divergence and beam reduction is performed at the same time, and there is no need to separately set the position for setting the first diffuser.
- the components in the device are compactly arranged, so the speckle effect can be reduced and the volume of the laser projection device can be kept small.
- the first lens, the first diffuser, the second lens and the light homogenizing component are sequentially arranged on the optical path between the light source and the light valve.
- the focal points of the first lens and the second lens overlap, and the spot area on the first lens is larger than that on the second lens.
- the first lens and the second lens can condense the light emitted by the light source to ensure that more light is emitted. It is directed to the uniform light component to form a projection screen to ensure a high utilization rate of light.
- the first diffuser is located at the coincident focal point, the light beam can be regarded as a point light source after the light beam converges here.
- the first diffuser can be set to a larger divergence angle to diffuse the incident laser beam to a greater extent, so that the laser beam is evenly distributed.
- the laser beam after being diffused by a large angle can still be condensed into a collimated state by the second lens after it is emitted to the second lens.
- the spot size of the laser beam collimated by the second lens is reduced, so that the beam reduction of the laser beam is realized, thereby facilitating the utilization of the rear optical lens.
- the laser projection equipment can reduce the divergence difference of laser beams of different colors and different divergence angles by expanding the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source without affecting the beam shrinkage and ensuring that the light utilization rate and the optical path length do not increase. , improve the coincidence of the combined light, reduce the color shift, and at the same time, it also homogenizes the light beam through a larger angle of diffusion, thereby reducing the speckle effect of the laser projection equipment and improving the display effect of the projection screen of the laser projection equipment.
- the orthographic projection area of the first lens 1041 on a plane perpendicular to its optical axis is greater than the orthographic projection area of the second lens 1042 on the plane, that is, the size of the first lens 1041 is larger than that of the second lens 1042 , the aperture of the first lens 1041 is larger than the aperture of the second lens 1042 .
- the light spot formed by the light on the second lens 1042 can be smaller than the light spot formed by the light on the first lens 1041, so the size of the first lens 1041 can be made larger than the size of the second lens 1042, avoiding setting a larger second lens 1042 This results in a waste of convex lenses.
- the light incident center of the first diffuser 105 may coincide with the focal points of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 .
- the first diffusing portion 105 may be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 (ie, the x direction in FIG. 7 ), that is, the first diffusing portion 105 is located between the first lens 1041 and the second lens 1042 .
- the diffusion angle of the first diffusion part 105 ranges from 5 degrees to 16 degrees.
- the laser 120 in this embodiment of the present application may emit laser light of at least two colors, or may also emit laser light of three colors.
- the light emitted by the light source is a laser
- the laser projection equipment will produce speckle effect, so it is necessary to set a diffuser to reduce the speckle effect.
- the at least two colors of laser light may include: laser light with a first divergence angle and laser light with a second divergence angle, where the first divergence angle is greater than the second divergence angle.
- the at least two color lasers may include: red laser, green laser and blue laser, wherein the divergence angle of the red laser is greater than the divergence angle of the blue laser and the green laser, so the red laser is the laser with the first divergence angle , the green laser and the blue laser are the lasers of the second divergence angle.
- the first diffusion part 105 may include a first diffusion region and a second diffusion region, and the diffusion angle of the first diffusion region is smaller than the diffusion angle of the second diffusion region.
- the laser light with the first divergence angle may be directed toward the first diffusion area, and the laser light with the second divergence angle may be directed toward the second diffusion area. Because the divergence angle of the laser light directed to the first diffusion region is greater than the divergence angle of the laser light directed to the second diffusion region, and the diffusion angle of the first diffusion region is smaller than that of the second diffusion region.
- the difference between the laser beams with different divergence angles emitted from the first diffusing part 105 can be reduced, the coincidence degree of the combined light spots of the multi-color laser beams can be improved, the boundary phenomenon of the combined light spots can be avoided, and it can also be used for
- the uniformity of the projected laser light reduces the speckle effect and further improves the display effect of the projected image.
- the homogenizing component 101 may include a fly-eye lens.
- the homogenization effect of the fly-eye lens on the light is better, and the homogenization effect of the fly-eye lens on the light is independent of its thickness, so the use of a thinner fly-eye lens can ensure a better homogenization effect on the light, which further ensures the laser projection equipment. miniaturization.
- the fly-eye lens has a better homogenization effect on parallel light, and the light radiating toward the fly-eye lens may be parallel light or approximately parallel light.
- the optical axes of the first lens 1041, the second lens 1042 and the fly-eye lens may be collinear.
- a beam reduction system is arranged between the light source and the fly-eye lens to reduce the light spot incident to the fly-eye lens, so that the size of the fly-eye lens can be smaller. Since the cost of the fly-eye lens is relatively high, the cost of the fly-eye lens can be saved, thereby saving the manufacturing cost of the laser projection equipment.
- the fly-eye lens may include a plurality of lens units Y. As shown in FIG.
- the plurality of lens units Y may be arranged in an array.
- the fly-eye lens can satisfy at least one of the following:
- the orthographic projection area of the fly-eye lens on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the fly-eye lens ranges from 144 square millimeters to 265 square millimeters;
- the orthographic projection of the fly-eye lens on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the fly-eye lens is a rectangle, and the aspect ratio of the rectangle ranges from 1.6 to 2;
- the maximum distance range of the two ends of the lens unit Y in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm;
- the light transmittance of the fly's eye lens ranges from 98% to 99%.
- FIG. 7 only shows six lens units Y in the fly-eye lens.
- the number of the lens units Y in the fly-eye lens can be set according to the shape and size of the lens unit Y and the size of the fly-eye lens.
- the number of lens units Y in the fly-eye lens may also be 10, 20, 50 or even more, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the orthographic projection of the fly-eye lens on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the fly-eye lens can be a quadrilateral. If the quadrilateral is a square, the side length of the square can be 12 mm. ⁇ 25 mm.
- the orthographic projection of the fly-eye lens on the plane may also be in other shapes, such as a rectangle, a circle, or an ellipse, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
- the orthographic projection of the lens unit Y on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the fly-eye lens may be a circle, an ellipse, a quadrangle, a hexagon, or other shapes. If the orthographic projection of the lens unit Y on the plane is a circle, the distance between the two ends of the lens unit Y in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is the diameter of the circle. If the orthographic projection of the lens unit Y on the plane is an ellipse, the maximum distance between the two ends of the lens unit Y in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is the long axis of the ellipse.
- the maximum distance between the two ends of the lens unit Y in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is the length of the rectangle. If the orthographic projection of the lens unit Y on the plane is a hexagon, the maximum distance between the two ends of the lens unit Y in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is the length of the longest diagonal of the rectangle.
- the aspect ratio of the light spot on the fly-eye lens is the same as that of the light spot at the light valve 103, so the fly-eye lens can be designed according to the light valve 103.
- the aspect ratio of the orthographic projection of the fly-eye lens on a plane perpendicular to its optical axis is the same as the aspect ratio of the light valve 103 , for example, the aspect ratio ranges from 1.6 to 2.
- a light pipe is used as a light homogenizing component, the loss of light in the process of transmission in the light pipe is relatively high, and the light transmittance of the light pipe is relatively low.
- the light guide is in the shape of a long strip, the size of the light entrance of the light guide is small, and the light incident angle of the light guide is small.
- the center of the light entrance of the light pipe can be located on the optical axis of the condensing lens, and the light can enter the light pipe only when the angle between the light emitted by the condensing lens and the optical axis of the condensing lens is within the range of the incident angle of the light pipe. .
- the incident light angle of the light pipe is less than 23 degrees, and the light emitted by the converging lens contains more light rays with an angle greater than 23 degrees from the optical axis. These light rays will be wasted, so more light emitted by the light source is wasted. The utilization of the emitted light is low.
- the light transmittance of the fly-eye lens can reach 98%-99%, and the light transmittance of the fly-eye lens is greater than that of the light pipe, so the loss of light in the uniform light process can be reduced.
- the size of the fly-eye lens can be larger than the size of the light entrance of the light guide, and the light emitted by the light source can be more directed to the fly-eye lens, and then uniformly emitted by the fly-eye lens, so the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source is high, and the light loss Less, the light efficiency of the optomechanical is higher.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the laser projection apparatus 00 may further include: a second diffusing part 106 , the second diffusing part 106 is located between the second lens 1042 and the light homogenizing member 101 .
- the diffusion angle of the second diffusion part 106 may be smaller than the diffusion angle of the first diffusion part 105 .
- the range of the diffusion angle of the second diffusion part 106 is 1 degree to 6 degrees.
- the second diffusion part 106 can be fixedly arranged.
- the second diffusing part 106 may also be located in the optical path before the light emitted by the laser 120 enters the first lens 1041, for example, the second diffusing part 106 may also be located between the laser 120 and the first lens 1041, which is implemented in this application. The example does not illustrate this approach.
- a second diffusing part 106 may be further disposed to further assist the first diffusing part 105 to diffuse and homogenize light, and further reduce the speckle effect of the laser projection device.
- the diffusing angle of the second diffusing portion 106 is made smaller, thereby avoiding passing through the second diffusing portion 106. Due to the large divergence angle, the light of 106 is projected to the outside of the homogenizing member 101, resulting in the waste of light.
- the light spot directed to the second diffuser 106 is small, and the area of the second diffuser 106 can also be small, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the optical machine.
- the laser projection apparatus 00 may further include: a first driving structure 107 and/or a second driving structure 108 .
- FIG. 8 illustrates by taking the laser projection apparatus including the first driving structure 107 and the second driving structure 108 as an example for illustration.
- the first driving structure 107 is used to drive the diffuser (eg, the first diffuser 105 and the second diffuser 106 ) between the light source and the homogenizing member 101 to move in a target direction, and the target direction intersects the light source and the homogenizing member 101
- the arrangement direction that is, the x-direction).
- the target direction is perpendicular to the x direction
- the target direction may be the y direction, or the target direction is perpendicular to both the x direction and the y direction (ie, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface).
- the second driving structure 108 is used for driving the diffuser to rotate about an axial direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the light source and the light homogenizing member 101 (ie, the x-direction).
- the diffusion sheet includes microstructures with different diffusion angles arranged according to a certain rule.
- the microstructures may be structures similar to micro-convex lenses.
- the light can be directed to different positions of the diffuser at different times, so that the divergence angles of the light at different times are different, and the speckles of different shapes and positions formed by the laser projection equipment according to the projection of the light can be scattered and superimposed, and then Users can not see obvious speckle, which plays a better role in eliminating speckle.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the movement of the first diffusion part 105 under the driving of the first driving structure 107 and the movement of the second diffusion part 106 under the driving of the second driving structure 108 as an example.
- the laser projection apparatus 00 may further include: an illumination mirror group 102 located between the light homogenizing component 101 and the light valve 103 .
- the illumination lens group 102 may include: a third convex lens T3, a reflection sheet F, a fourth convex lens T4 and a total internal reflection prism L.
- the light emitted by the homogenizing member 101 can be directed to the reflection sheet F through the third convex lens T3, the reflection sheet F can reflect the incident light to the fourth convex lens T4, and the fourth convex lens T4 can converge the incident light to the total internal reflection prism L.
- the total internal reflection prism L reflects the incident light to the light valve 103 .
- the illuminating mirror group 102 reference may be made to the related introduction to the illuminating mirror group 0023 in FIG. 1 .
- the light emitted by the light guide needs to pass through at least two lenses before being directed to the reflection sheet.
- the beam reduction system composed of the first lens and the second lens can emit parallel light, and the light emitted by the fly-eye lens has a high degree of collimation, so it can only pass through a light-receiving convex lens (that is, the first Tri-convex lens) narrows the divergence angle of the light, so that the light that meets the modulation requirements of the light valve can be obtained, and then the light is directed to the reflective sheet, the fourth convex lens and the light valve in sequence. Since the number of light-receiving lenses between the homogenizing component and the reflective sheet is reduced in the embodiments of the present application, the volume of the laser projection device can be further ensured to be small, and the miniaturization of the laser projection device is facilitated.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application, and only a partial structure and a light valve in the illumination mirror group are illustrated.
- the illumination mirror group 102 and the light valve 103 shown in FIG. 9 may be the left side view of the illumination mirror group 102 and the light valve 103 in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 , and the illumination mirror group 102 and the light valve 103 in FIG. 7 or FIG.
- the top view of the illumination mirror group 102 and the light valve 103 is shown rotated 90 degrees clockwise. As shown in FIG.
- the total internal reflection prism L in the illumination mirror group 102 may include two triangular prisms (respectively a first prism L1 and a second prism L2 ), and the second prism L2 may be located at the first prism L1 away from the light valve 103 side. There may be an air gap between the two surfaces of the first prism L1 and the second prism L2 that are close to each other, and then the two triangular prisms may form a total internal reflection prism to ensure that the light incident on the first prism L1 can be close to the second prism L1. Total reflection occurs on the side surface of the second prism L2 , and then the first prism L1 is emitted to the light valve 103 .
- the light valve 103 can reflect the light, so that the light passes through the first prism L1 and the second prism L2 in sequence and then goes toward the lens.
- the light path of the light in the illuminating mirror group 102 may also be referred to as an illuminating light path.
- the light valve in the embodiment of the present application may be adapted and modified according to the different projection architectures of the laser projection device.
- the light valve may be a liquid crystal on silicon (Liquid Crystal on Silicon, LCOS), a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) or a digital micromirror device (Digital Micromirror Device, DMD).
- LCOS liquid crystal on Silicon
- LCD liquid crystal display
- DMD digital micromirror device
- the embodiments of the present application illustrate that the laser projection device adopts a digital light processing (Digital Light Processing, DLP) architecture, and the light valve is a DMD as an example for explanation.
- DLP Digital Light Processing
- the DMD includes a plurality of tiny reflective sheets (not shown in the figure), each reflective sheet can be regarded as a pixel, and the light reflected by each reflective sheet can be used to display a pixel in the projection image.
- the reflective sheet can be in two states. In the first state, the reflective sheet can reflect the incident light to the lens, and in the second state, the reflective sheet can reflect the incident light to the outside of the lens, so as to realize the light and dark display of the pixels. For example, when the reflection sheet is rotated by plus 17 degrees or plus 12 degrees from the initial state, the reflection sheet can be in the first state, and when the reflection sheet is rotated by minus 17 degrees or minus 12 degrees from the initial state, the reflection sheet can be in the second state.
- the reflection sheet may be in the first state at this time, and the initial state of the reflection sheet may be that the reflection sheet is parallel to the side surface of the first prism L1 that is close to it. status.
- the angle rotated clockwise from the initial state is a positive angle
- the angle rotated counterclockwise from the initial state is a negative angle. In this way, the state of each reflection sheet in the DMD can be adjusted, so that the laser projection equipment can project corresponding projection images.
- the first lens, the first diffuser, the second lens and the light homogenizing component are sequentially arranged on the optical path between the light source and the light valve.
- the focal points of the first lens and the second lens coincide, and the spot area on the first lens is larger than the spot area on the second lens, and the first lens and the second lens can condense the light emitted by the light source to ensure that the light More light is directed to the uniform light component to form a projection screen, ensuring a high utilization rate of light.
- the first diffuser is located at the coincident focal point, on the one hand, according to the principle of beam convergence imaging, the light at the focal point (convergence imaging point) can in principle be regarded as a point light source exiting the lens at any beam angle, and can be regarded as a point light source.
- the lens is collimated into a parallel beam. Therefore, the first diffuser can be set with a larger divergence angle, which can diffuse the incident laser beam to a greater extent, reduce the difference in the degree of divergence of laser beams of different colors, and make the laser beam The homogenization effect is good, and the laser beam diffused by a large angle can still be condensed into a collimated state by the second lens after it is emitted to the second lens.
- the homogenization effect of the laser beam is improved, and it is also beneficial to improve the speckle effect.
- the spot size of the laser beam collimated by the second lens is reduced, so that the beam reduction of the laser beam is realized, thereby facilitating the utilization of the rear optical lens.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical engine of a laser projection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 10 may be an overall appearance diagram of an optical engine of a laser projection device, and the appearance diagram may be an overall appearance diagram of an optical engine of a laser projection device of any optional structure in the foregoing embodiments.
- the laser projection device includes: a light source 10 , an optical machine 20 and a lens 30 .
- the light source 10 is used to emit light to the optical machine 20, and the optical machine 20 is used to modulate the incident light and then send it to the lens 30, and the lens 30 is used to project the incident light.
- the light source 10 may include any embodiment of the laser light source which may be any of the above-mentioned Figs.
- the optical engine optical path may be the above-mentioned laser projection optical path system shown in FIG. 7 or 8 and its improved type, and has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned laser light source or laser projection optical path, which will not be repeated here.
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Abstract
一种激光光源(10)和激光投影设备(00)。其中,激光光源(10)包括激光器(120),至少发出蓝色激光和红色激光;以及,沿光源(10)的出光方向依次排布的第一透镜(1041)、第一扩散部(105)及第二透镜(1042),第一透镜(1041)用于将至少蓝色激光和红色激光会聚至第一扩散部(105);第一扩散部(105)用于将至少蓝色激光和红色激光的发散角度均扩大后射向第二透镜(1042);第二透镜(1042)用于将呈发散状态的至少蓝色激光和红色激光进行会聚,其中,第二透镜(1042)的焦点位于第一透镜(1041)和第二透镜(1042)之间,第一扩散部(105)位于第二透镜(1042)的焦点平面处,经第二透镜(1042)出射的光斑的尺寸小于入射第一透镜(1041)入射侧的光斑的尺寸。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年7月21日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010706291.1,发明名称为“激光光源及激光投影设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及投影技术领域,特别涉及一种激光光源及激光投影设备。
随着显示技术的发展,对于激光投影设备的投影画面的显示效果的要求越来越高。
激光光源具有单色性好,亮度高,寿命长等优点,是较为理想的光源。随着激光器器件功率的提升,满足工业化应用的要求,激光器也逐渐被作为光源照明使用。比如近年来,投影设备中使用激光器作为投影光源,逐渐取代了汞灯照明,并且相比于LED光源,激光器也具有光学扩展量小,亮度高的优点。
激光器按照发光种类,分为蓝色激光器,红色激光器和绿色激光器,分别发出蓝色激光,红色激光和绿色激光。其中,蓝色激光器是最早进行工业化应用的,红色和绿色激光器受限于其功率提升的原因(比如不足1W的发光功率,亮度较低),之前很长一段时间无法应用,因此,业内出现的激光投影光源多数是单色激光(蓝色激光)和荧光的混合激光光源,荧光是由蓝色激光激发得到。
固态激光器本质上一种PN结半导体,如图1-1所示的激光器发光芯片原理示意图。P型半导体和N型半导体之间为激活区(active layer),也称有源区,有源区内谐振腔的振荡会导致不同波长的激光从前腔面发出。具体地,激光光束如图1-2所示,是从发光点呈辐射状光束发出的,图示的α,β分别指代慢轴和快轴方向的发散角,图示可以看出,快轴发散的较快,角度较大,慢轴发散的相对较慢,角度较小,从而激光光束的形状呈现椭圆状。
其中,蓝色激光和绿色激光可利用砷化镓发光材料产生,红色激光是利用氮化镓发光材料产生的。由于发光材料的发光机理不同,在各色激光产生的过程中,红色激光的发光效率较低,并且热转化率较高。蓝色激光器和绿色激光器的发光效率相对较高,其对应的芯片上通过设置一个发光点就可以满足发光的需求。而为了满足发光功率的要求,如图1-3所示,红色激光器芯片上通常通过设置多个发光点,比如X1,X2,来提高发光功率,这也造成了红色激光光束的尺寸相对较大,同时由于发光材料发光机理的不同,红色激光的快慢轴的发散速度均大于蓝色激光和绿色激光的发散程度。
而芯片的封装结构从外观上观察通常是相同的,因此,即便是相同封装结构下,由于快、慢轴发散程度的不同,使得红色激光器在应用时,比蓝色和绿色激光器发出的激光光束的发散角度大,扩散的程度大,红色激光的光斑尺寸也会较大,这会影响到红色激光和其他颜色激光合光时颜色重合度不一致,产生偏色问题,造成投影画面质量的下降。
发明内容
本申请实施例一方面提供了一种激光光源,包括激光器,至少发出蓝色激光和红色激 光;
沿光源的出光方向依次排布的第一透镜、第一扩散部及第二透镜,第一透镜用于将蓝色激光和红色激光会聚至第一扩散部;
第一扩散部用于将蓝色激光和红色激光的发散角度均扩大后射向第二透镜;
第二透镜用于将呈发散状态的蓝色激光和红色激光进行会聚,
其中,第二透镜的焦点位于第一透镜和第二透镜之间,第一扩散部位于第二透镜的焦点平面处,经第二透镜出射的光斑的尺寸小于入射第一透镜入射侧的光斑的尺寸。
以及,本申请实施例另一方面还提供了一种激光投影设备,包括:
上述实施例的激光光源、光阀和镜头,激光光源用于向光阀发出光线,光阀用于将入射的光线调制后射向镜头,镜头用于将入射的光线进行投射。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1-1为相关技术激光器发光芯片的一种原理示意图;
图1-2为相关技术激光器发光芯片发出光束的原理示意图;
图1-3为相关技术一种红色激光器发光芯片的原理性结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种激光投影设备的结构示意图;
图3-1为本申请实施例提供的一种激光光源的光路示意图;
图3-2为本申请实施例提供的另一种激光光源的光路示意图;
图3-3为本申请实施例提供的又一种激光光源的光路示意图;
图3-4为本申请实施例提供的再一种激光光源的光路示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种扩散部件的平面结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例采用的一种激光器的结构示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种激光器光源的结构示意图;
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种激光投影设备的光路示意图;
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种激光投影设备的光路示意图;
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种激光投影设备的部分光路示意图;
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种激光投影设备的结构示意图。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
除非上下文另有要求,否则,在整个说明书和权利要求书中,术语“包括”被解释为开放、包含的意思,即为“包含,但不限于”。在说明书的描述中,术语“一个实施例、“一些实施例”、“示例性实施例”、“示例”、“特定示例”或“一些示例”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外,所述的特定特征、结构、材 料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
首先,本申请技术方案应用于激光投影设备中。图2给出了一种激光投影设备的结构示例。首先根据图2所示的激光投影设备示例,对本实施例的激光投影设备结构和工作过程进行说明。
如图2所示,激光投影设备00包括整机壳体011和底座012,整机壳体011和底座012形成有容置空间,在容置空间内,还包括装配于底座012之上的光源10,光机20,以及镜头30,这三大部分构成光学引擎部分,并沿着光束传播方向依次连接。三大部分各自具有对应的壳体进行包裹,以对光学部件进行支撑并使得各光学部分达到一定的密封或气密要求。
在整机壳体011和底座012形成的容置空间内还包括多个电路板40,多个电路板40相互平行,且位于整机外壳011的内侧竖直设置于底座012上。
在一种具体实施中,参见图2,其中,光机20和镜头30连接且沿着整机第一方向设置,比如第一方向可以为整机的宽度方向,或者按照使用方式,第一方向与用户观看的方向相对,光源10和光机20的连接方向则与第一方向垂直,从而光源10,光机20,镜头30组成的光学引擎部分呈“L”型连接。光机位于“L”型的拐角位置。从而光轴发生90度转折,使得光路一个方向上的长度得到了压缩。
参见图2,激光投影设备00还包括多个电路板40,多个电路板40相对于底板102竖直并沿着整机外壳011的内侧设置。在图示中,仅示意性的表征了整机外壳011的一部分。具体地,多个电路板40相互平行设置,贴近整机壳体011的内侧设置,通常整机壳体011为包括顶盖的罩体,本文中所示的外壳可以是指设备主体四周的外壳部分。
多个电路板40包括供电板卡,也称电源板,用于为设备的多个模块提供供电;显示板卡,主要用于控制投影***成像,本实施例中为DLP***,比如DMD芯片信号的生成,光源时序信号以及PWM亮度调光信号的输出等;信号传输板卡,也称TV板,主要是用于将视频信号解码后形成图像信号传输给显示板卡,进一步进行图像的处理。
上述的光源10为激光光源,采用激光器,能够至少发出红色激光和蓝色激光。为简便说明,下面示例中以激光器发出红色激光和蓝色激光为例进行说明。
在一种示例中,如3-1所示的本申请实施例的一种激光光源示意图。如图3-1所示,激光光源包括激光器120,至少发出蓝色激光和红色激光,激光器120可以为两组各发出不同颜色的激光器。沿光源的出光方向依次排布的第一透镜1041、第一扩散部105及第二透镜1042。其中第一透镜1041具体地为凸透镜,用于将上述的至少色激光和红色激光会聚至第一扩散部105。
第一扩散部105,具体的可以为扩散片,用于将上述的至少蓝色激光和红色激光的发散角度均扩大后射向第二透镜1042。其中,比如,当第一扩散部105为一片扩散角度均匀设置的扩散片时,则其对透射通过的红色激光和蓝色激光的发散程度也是基本一致的,比如,在红色激光和蓝色激光原来发散角度的基础上均再改变或增加5度,这样红色激光和蓝色激光发散角度的范围均得到了扩大。以对快轴发散角度的改变而言,红色激光光束原 快轴发散角度为30度,蓝色激光光束原快轴发散角度为15度,则经过第一扩散部105后,红色激光光束快轴发散角度增加5度,变为35度,而蓝色激光光束快快轴发散角度同理也增加5度,变为20度,虽然两者发散角度的差值仍基本维持不变,但是发散的差异度则由原来的100%((30-15)/15)变为75%((35-20)/20),差异性缩小,从而红色激光光束和蓝色激光光束在合光时,两者的发散程度接近,则光斑的重合程度也会提升。
第二透镜1042,具体的,为凸透镜,用于将呈发散状态的上述蓝色激光和红色激光进行会聚,压缩红色激光和蓝色激光的发散角度,减小光束光斑的尺寸。
其中,第二透镜1042的焦点位于第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042之间,第一扩散部105位于第二透镜1042的焦点平面处,这样,第一扩散部105相当于位于第二透镜1042焦平面处的一个面光源,第一扩散部105的部分区域可视为位于第二透镜1042焦点位置处的点光源。在不考虑第二透镜的尺寸时,这部分视为点光源的出射的光束照射到第二透镜1042上时,根据成像原理,该点光源发出的任何角度的光束都会被第二透镜1042会聚准直成平行光束出射。而除了该点光源区域之外的面光源部分的光束入射至第二透镜1042时也会被一定程度的会聚,此处的会聚是指相比原入射前,光束的发散角度减小。
从而,经第二透镜1042会聚的上述的至少蓝色激光和红色激光的光斑的尺寸,小于经第一透镜1041会聚后且入射第一扩散部105之前的光斑的尺寸,这样,激光器120发出的激光光束在依次经过第一透镜1041,第一扩散部105和第二透镜1042后,原发散程度不同的、不同颜色的激光光束光斑,比如红色激光和蓝色激光,此时的发散角度都得到了扩大,发散程度的差异性也得到了缩小,从而在合光时的重合度提升,利于减轻合光光斑的偏色现象,并且不同颜色激光光束的光斑尺寸减小。
以及,图3-2示出了另一种激光光源的实施例。在图3-2所示的激光光源中,第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042均为凸透镜,且两者的焦点重合,且重合的焦点位于第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042之间。
该第一扩散部105位于该焦点处。可选地,第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042的光轴可以共线。
这样,第一透镜1041可以将由激光器120入射的光线会聚至其焦点处,故第一透镜1041可以将激光器120发出的光线会聚至第一扩散部105,需要说明的是,第一扩散部105虽然在结构形态上可以为扩散片之类的片状结构,但根据光学原理,此处可视为一处点光源。第一扩散部105用于将入射的光线的发散角度扩大后射向第二透镜1042,第二透镜1042接收来自焦点处的多个发散角度的光束并将其准直成平行光束。由于第一扩散部105位于第一透镜的焦点处,因此,入射第一透镜1041的光束会会聚于此,形成一个点光源,而该焦点同时也为第二透镜1042的焦点,则根据光学成像原理,从此处发出的光束无论以多大的角度入射至第二透镜1042(假定不考虑第二透镜的尺寸)均会被第二透镜1042准直为平行光束。这样,第一扩散部105可以设置为具有较大的发散角,即使在对红色激光和蓝色激光均进行较大程度的发散后,仍可以以平行光束输出,因此可以较大程度的对红色激光和蓝色激光进行扩散匀化,减小不同颜色光束的发散程度的差异性。
光源射向第一透镜1041的光线可以平行于第一透镜1041的光轴,或者大致平行于该光轴(也即光线与该光轴的夹角小于某角度阈值)。由于凸透镜可以将平行于光轴的光会聚于焦点处,且凸透镜可以将由其焦点入射的光变为平行于光轴的光。故光源射出的光线在通过第一镜1041后可以会聚于其焦点,且该光线可以再射向第二透镜1042,并通过第 二透镜1042变为平行光,这样第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042可以构成缩束***,以对入射第一透镜的光线进行缩束。第一透镜1041上的光斑面积大于第二透镜1042上的光斑面积。也即是,光源射出的光线在第一透镜1041的形成的光斑的面积,大于从第一扩散部105射出的光线在第二透镜1042上的形成的光斑的面积。
本申请实施例中,由于光线在焦点处会聚后又继续传输至第二透镜1042,第一透镜1041上的光斑面积大于第二透镜1042上的光斑面积。也即是第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042组成的透镜组可以将输入的光束进行缩束,保证光线较多地射向后续光学部件以用于形成投影画面,保证光线的利用率较高。
在上述图3-1或图3-2所示激光光源的实施例中,第一扩散部105可以为运动状态的扩散部,比如为运动的扩散片,可以进行旋转运动或者振动。
以及,上述激光光源的实施例中,第一透镜1041入射侧的光斑面积与第二透镜1042出射侧的光斑面积的比值范围为1.5~3。
以及,上述激光光源的实施例中,第一透镜1041的焦距大于第二透镜1042的焦距。
以及,上述激光光源的实施例中,激光器120还发出绿色激光。其中,红色激光、蓝色激光、绿色激光可以时序性依次发出。
以及,作为上述多个激光光源示例的改进,图3-3示出了又一种激光光源的光学示意图。
如图3-3所示,第一扩散部105为运动状态,且通过第一驱动结构107进行驱动。以及,该激光光源示例还包括第二扩散部109,设置于光源发出的激光光线入射第一透镜1041的路径中,即位于激光器120和第一透镜1041之间。
第二扩散部109可以为固定设置的扩散片。
以及,图3-4还示出了另一种激光光源的示例,与上述图3-3所示例不同的是,激光光源还具有第二扩散部106,且第二扩散部106通过第二驱动结构108进行驱动运动。第二扩散部106设置于第二透镜1042之后,位于平行光束的出射路径中。
需要说明的是,在图3-4所示的激光光源中,第二扩散部106也可以为固定设置的扩散片。
以及,在上述多个示例的激光光源中,第二扩散部106或109的发散角小于第一扩散部105的发散角。
第一扩散部105的发散角范围可以为5度~16度。
以及,在上述多个示例的激光光源中,作为改进,第一扩散部105可以具有多个分区,如图4所示,以两个分区为例。第一分区1051可以用于透射通过红色激光,第二分区1052用于透射通过蓝色激光或绿色激光。并且,第一分区1051的扩散角度小于第二分区1052的扩散角度,比如第一分区1051对光线的发散角为6度,第二分区1052对光线的发散角为9度,这样,当原发散角为30度的红色激光经过第一分区1051后发散角度增加至36度,而原发散角为15度的蓝色激光或绿色激光的发散角增加至24度,这样两者的差异度为50%,通过设置不等的发散角度,对原发散角较小的光线进行较大程度的发散,可以进一步减小不同颜色激光光束的发散程度的差异,从而利于提高合光光斑的颜色重合度。
在一种实例中,激光器120可以为MCL型激光器,比如图5所示的结构形态。其中,MCL型激光器可以至少为三组,分别发出红色激光、蓝色激光、绿色激光,每组激光器都可以为图5所示的结构形态,且所有的发光区域发出同种颜色的光。或者,激光器120为 一组MCL型激光器,包括呈行列排列的多种发光芯片,分别发出红色激光、蓝色激光、绿色激光。具体地,再次参见图5,激光器可以包括设置于同一基板上的第一发光区域2001,第二发光区域2002,第三发光区域2003,其中,第一出光区域、第二出光区域、第三出光区域依次相邻设置,且第三出光区域的面积均大于第一出光区域和第二出光区域的面积。
在一具体实施中,第一发光区域可以发出蓝色激光,第二发光区域发出绿色激光,第三发光区域发出红色激光。
图5所示,上述的三个发光区域位于同一个激光器封装组件上,即三色激光的发光芯片按照阵列排布,封装在一个模块中,比如本示例中应用的MCL型激光器为4X5的发光阵列。激光器组件包括基板2010,基板2010上封装有多颗发光芯片,在激光器组件的出光面位置还设置有准直透镜组2012。激光器组件的出光面具有多个出光区域,不同出光区域射出的光束颜色不同。其中一行发出为绿光,一行发出蓝光,剩余两行发出红光。上述激光器组件将三色发光芯片封装在一起,体积较小,利于减小光源装置的体积。
需要说明的是,本示例中的激光器组件并不限于上述的4X5阵列方式,也可以是其他阵列排列方式,比如3X5阵列,或者2X7阵列,只要能够满足发出三色激光光束即可。
图6示出了一种激光器120的具体结构。如图6所示,对应MCL激光器不同的出光区域设置有多个合光镜片1201,1202,1203,均用于将对应的出光区域射出的光束进行90度转折后射向光源的出光口方向。多个合光镜片均朝向激光光源的出光口方向依次排列,且至少一个合光镜片可透过其它出光区域对应颜色的光束,并与其反射的光束进行合束,沿激光光源的出光口方向出射。具体地,第一合光镜片1201用于接收第一出光区域发出的光束,第二合光镜片1202用于接收第二出光区域发出的光束,第三合光镜片1203用于接收第三出光区域发出的光束。第一合光镜片1201、第二合光镜1202和第三合光镜1203的光接收面与激光器组件110发光区域出射的第一颜色激光光束、第二颜色激光光束及第三颜色激光光束之间的夹角均可设置为45°±2°,其中,第一合光镜片1201为反射镜,第二合光镜片1202,第三合光镜片12033均为二向色镜。第一合光镜片1201,第二合光镜片1202和第三合光镜片1203相互平行设置。
第一合光镜片1201为反射镜,用于反射第一颜色的激光光束。第二合光镜片1202用于反射第二颜色的激光光束并透射第一颜色的激光光束,为一二向色镜。第三合光镜片1203用于反射第三颜色的激光光束并透射第一颜色和第二颜色的激光光束。其中,第三合光镜片1203为一二向色镜。
其中,第一颜色激光光束和第二颜色激光光束的光斑尺寸均小于第三颜色激光光束的光斑尺寸,且第一颜色激光光束、第二颜色激光光束的光束角度与第三颜色激光光束的角度不同,具体地,第一颜色激光光束、第二颜色激光光束的平行度均小于第三颜色激光光束的平行度,也即第三颜色激光光束的发散角度均大于第一颜色激光光束和第二颜色激光光束的发散角度。
其中,第三颜色激光为红色激光,第一颜色激光和第二颜色激光为蓝色激光和绿色激光。
通过上述示例可知,激光器120出射的光束中,红色激光光束的尺寸大于蓝色激光和绿色激光的光束尺寸。
以及,上述的激光器120出射的光束被集光装置,比如光棒收集时,比如会在光棒入光面测得光斑分布会呈现较为明显的内外圈颜色分界现象,比如会聚的光斑近似呈现圆形, 最外圈呈现红色,依次向内为紫,蓝等不同同心圆的光圈。上述图示现象表面,三种颜色的激光光束存在光斑分界、合光颜色分布不均匀的现象。而这种现象会导致投影图像画面质量的下降。
通过上述示例的激光光源方案,利用第一扩散部位于第二透镜的焦点处,且位于第一透镜和第二透镜之间,尤其当第一透镜和第二透镜的焦点重合时,第一扩散部可以设置较大范围的发散角度,对入射的激光光束进行较大程度的扩散,使激光光束的匀化效果好,而经过大角度扩散后的激光光束射向第二透镜后,仍可以被第二透镜会聚或呈准直状态,具体地,入射至第一扩散部且位于第二透镜焦点处的部分的光源可视为点光源,经第一扩散部出射的该部分的光束可以被第二透镜准直成平行或近似平行光束,而未入射至该焦点位置处的光束部分形成焦平面处的面光源,这部分光源仍可以被第二透镜进行光束发散角度的压缩,进行会聚。
这样,通过上述激光光源的方案,原先具有不同发散角度的、不同颜色的激光光束都可以进行较大角度的发散,但发散角度的改善率不同,从而经过第一扩散部后不同颜色的激光光束的发散角度的差异性可以得到减小,合光光斑的重合度就会提高,减轻或避免色圈、偏色现象,提高投影图像的画面质量。
本申请以下实施例提供了一种激光投影设备,该激光投影设备的投影画面的显示效果可以较好。另外,该激光投影设备也可以较容易实现小型化。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种激光投影设备的结构示意图。如图7所示,该激光投影设备00包括:激光器120、光阀103和镜头30,激光器120用于向光阀103发出光线,光阀103用于将入射的光线调制后射向镜头30,镜头30用于将入射的光线进行投射。
激光投影设备00还包括:位于激光器120和光阀103之间的光路中的第一透镜1041、第一扩散部105、第二透镜1042和匀光部件101。示例地,该第一透镜1041、第一扩散部105、第二透镜1042和匀光部件101可以沿激光器120的出光方向(如图7中的x方向)依次排布。优选地,在本示例的激光投影设备光路中,第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042的焦点重合,且重合的焦点位于第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042之间。该第一扩散部105位于该焦点处。可选地,第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042的光轴可以共线。以及,第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042均为凸透镜。
第一透镜1041可以将由激光器120入射的光线会聚至其焦点处,故第一透镜1041可以将激光器120发出的光线会聚至第一扩散部105,第一扩散部105用于将入射的光线的发散角度扩大后射向第二透镜1042,第二透镜1042用于将入射的光线射向匀光部件101,匀光部件101用于将入射的光线匀化后射向管阀103。第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042可以构成缩束***,以对入射第一透镜的光线进行缩束,故第一透镜1041上的光斑面积大于第二透镜1042上的光斑面积。也即是,光源射出的光线在第一透镜1041上的形成的光斑的面积,大于从第一扩散部105射出的光线在第二透镜1042上的形成的光斑的面积。
可选地,光源射向第一透镜1041的光线可以平行于第一透镜1041的光轴,或者大致平行于该光轴(也即光线与该光轴的夹角小于某角度阈值)。由于凸透镜可以将平行于光轴的光会聚于焦点处,且凸透镜可以将由其焦点入射的光变为平行于光轴的光。故光源射出的光线在通过第一透镜1041后可以会聚于其焦点,且该光线可以再射向第二透镜1042,并通过第二透镜1042变为平行光。此时,激光器120可以不包括会聚透镜,或者将会聚 透镜置换为准直透镜,以保证光源射向光机的光线为平行光或近似为平行光。
本申请实施例中,由于光线在焦点处会聚后又继续传输至第二透镜1042,第一透镜1041上的光斑面积大于第二透镜1042上的光斑面积。也即是第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042组成的透镜组可以将输入的光束进行缩束,保证光线较多地射向匀光部件以用于形成投影画面,保证光线的利用率较高。
本申请实施例中第一扩散部位于第一透镜和第二透镜的焦点处,故即使第一扩散部的扩散角可以设置为较大,也可以保证从第一扩散部射出的光线可以视为点光源射向第二透镜,变为近似于平行光射出。如此,激光投影设备可以在不影响对光线缩束,保证光线利用率的基础上,一方面具有上述激光光源实施例所示出的可以减轻不同颜色、原具有不同发散角度的激光光束的发散程度的差异的作用,同时通过扩大光源发出的光线的发散角度还能提高激光光束的匀化性,进而减弱激光投影设备的散斑效应,提高激光投影设备的投影画面的显示效果。且由于射向匀光部件的光线的损失较少,故可以保证匀光部件的光利用率较高。
以及,本申请实施例中第一扩散部位于第一透镜与第二透镜的焦点处,即使第一扩散部的扩散角较大,也不会影响第一透镜与第二透镜对光线的缩束,故第一扩散部的扩散角可以较大,保证对散斑效应的消除效果较好。
需要说明的是,当第一透镜和第二透镜的焦点不重合,而第一扩散部位于第二透镜的焦点平面处时,也可以起到对激光光束较大程度的发散程度的改变的效果,与第一透镜、第二透镜的焦点重合的情形不同的时,当两者的焦点重合时,可以将第一扩散部的入光处或出光处视为一个点光源,这样,即便较大的扩散角对激光光束进行扩散,改变激光光束的发散角,也仍然可以被第二透镜准直为平行光束,而第一透镜的入光侧也为平行光束,这样,对于第一透镜和第二透镜组成的光学***而言,入射光和出射光均为平行光束,且出射光斑尺寸减小,可以同时起到缩束的目的。上述说明同样适用前述的激光光源的多个实施例的情形。
以及,本申请实施例中将第一扩散部设置在第一透镜与第二透镜之间,同时进行光束发散和缩束的光学处理,无需单独设置用于设置第一扩散部的位置,光学***中的部件布置紧凑,故可以在减弱散斑效应的同时保证激光投影设备的体积较小。
综上所述,本申请实施例提供的激光投影设备中,光源和光阀之间的光路上依次排布有第一透镜、第一扩散部、第二透镜和匀光部件。第一透镜与第二透镜的焦点重合,且第一透镜上的光斑面积大于第二透镜上的光斑面积,第一透镜和第二透镜可以对光源发出的光线进行缩束,保证光线较多地射向匀光部件以用于形成投影画面,保证光线的利用率较高。且由于第一扩散部位于该重合的焦点处,光束在此会聚后再发出可视为点光源,一方面,根据光束会聚成像原理,该焦点(会聚成像处)处的光线可以视为点光源以任意光束角度向透镜出射,都可以被该透镜准直成平行光束,因此,第一扩散部可以设置为较大发散角度,对入射的激光光束进行较大程度的扩散,使激光光束的匀化效果好,而经过大角度扩散后的激光光束射向第二透镜后,仍可以被第二透镜会聚成准直状态。
另一方面,经过第二透镜准直的激光光束的光斑尺寸减小,实现了激光光束的缩束,进而利于后面光学镜片的利用。在上述技术方案中,不需要额外为第一扩散部设置专门的光路位置,而是位于原有的两个透镜之间,就能够达到缩束、提高不同颜色光斑光斑重合度、消散斑的多重作用,同时不会增加光路的长度。
因此,激光投影设备可以在不影响对光线缩束,保证光线利用率和光路长度不增加的前提下,还能够通过扩大光源发出的光线的发散角度减轻不同颜色不同发散角度的激光光束的发散差异,提高合光的重合度,减轻色偏,同时还通过较大角度的扩散对光束起到匀化作用,进而减弱激光投影设备的散斑效应,提高激光投影设备的投影画面的显示效果。
可选地,第一透镜1041在垂直于其光轴的平面上的正投影面积,大于第二透镜1042在该平面上的正投影面积,也即是第一透镜1041的尺寸大于第二透镜1042的尺寸,第一透镜1041的孔径大于第二透镜1042的孔径。由光线在第二透镜1042上形成的光斑可以小于光线在第一透镜1041上形成的光斑,故可以使第一透镜1041的尺寸大于第二透镜1042的尺寸,避免设置较大的第二透镜1042导致对凸透镜的浪费。
可选地,第一扩散部105的光入射中心可以与第一透镜1041和第二透镜1042的焦点重合。该第一扩散部105可以垂直于第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042的排布方向(也即是图7中的x方向),也即第一扩散部105位于该第一透镜1041与第二透镜1042重合的焦平面处。可选地,第一扩散部105的扩散角的范围为5度~16度。
本申请实施例的激光器120可以发出至少两种颜色的激光,或者,也可以发出三色激光。光源发出的光线为激光时激光投影设备会产生散斑效应,故需要设置扩散片来降低散斑效应。可选地,该至少两种颜色的激光可以包括:第一发散角度的激光和第二发散角度的激光,该第一发散角度大于第二发散角度。示例地,该至少两种颜色的激光可以包括:红色激光、绿色激光和蓝色激光,其中红色激光的发散角度大于蓝色激光和绿色激光的发散角度,故红色激光为第一发散角度的激光,绿色激光和蓝色激光为第二发散角度的激光。
基于该激光器120,同图4所示,本申请实施例中第一扩散部105可以包括第一扩散区和第二扩散区,该第一扩散区的扩散角小于第二扩散区的扩散角。该第一发散角度的激光可以射向该第一扩散区,该第二发散角度的激光可以射向该第二扩散区。由于射向第一扩散区的激光的发散角度大于射向第二扩散区的激光的发散角度,且第一扩散区的扩散角小于第二扩散区的扩散角。如此可以保证从第一扩散部105射出的不同发散角度的激光光束的差异性缩小,提高多种颜色激光光束合光光斑的重合度,避免出现合光光斑的分界现象,并且还可以保证用于投射的激光的均匀性,减轻散斑效应,进一步提高投影画面的显示效果。
本申请实施例中,匀光部件101可以包括复眼透镜。复眼透镜对光线的匀化效果较好,且复眼透镜对光线的匀化效果与其厚度无关,故采用较薄的复眼透镜即可保证对光线较好的匀化效果,进一步保证了激光投影设备的小型化。
可选地,复眼透镜对平行光的匀化效果较好,射向复眼透镜的光线可以为平行光或者近似为平行光。可选地,第一透镜1041、第二透镜1042和复眼透镜的光轴可以共线。需要说明的是,本申请实施例在光源与复眼透镜之间设置缩束***以缩小射向复眼透镜的光斑,如此一来,复眼透镜的尺寸可以较小。由于复眼透镜的成本较高,故可以节省复眼透镜的成本,进而节省激光投影设备的制造成本。
请继续参考图7,复眼透镜可以包括多个透镜单元Y。如该多个透镜单元Y可以阵列排布。复眼透镜可以满足以下至少一种:
复眼透镜在垂直于复眼透镜的光轴的平面上的正投影面积范围为144平方毫米~265平方毫米;
复眼透镜在垂直于复眼透镜的光轴的平面上的正投影呈矩形,该矩形的长宽比范围为 1.6~2;
透镜单元Y中位于垂直于该光轴的方向上的两端的最大距离范围为0.5毫米~1.5毫米;
以及,复眼透镜的透光率范围为98%~99%。
需要说明的是,图7仅示出了该复眼透镜中的六个透镜单元Y。可选地,复眼透镜中该透镜单元Y的个数可以根据透镜单元Y的形状和尺寸,以及复眼透镜的尺寸进行设置。如该复眼透镜中的透镜单元Y的个数也可以为10个、20个、50个甚至更多,本申请实施例不做限定。
示例地,复眼透镜在垂直于复眼透镜的光轴的平面(也即垂直于x方向的平面)上的正投影可以呈四边形,如该四边形为正方形,则该正方形的边长范围可以为12毫米~25毫米。可选地,该复眼透镜在该平面上的正投影也可以呈其他形状,如矩形、圆形或者椭圆形等,本申请实施例不做限定。
又示例地,透镜单元Y在垂直于复眼透镜的光轴的平面上的正投影可以呈圆形、椭圆形、四边形、六边形或者其他形状。若透镜单元Y在该平面上行的正投影呈圆形,则该透镜单元Y中位于垂直于光轴的方向上的两端的距离均为该圆形的直径。若透镜单元Y在该平面上的正投影呈椭圆形,则该透镜单元Y中位于垂直于光轴的方向上的两端的最大距离为该椭圆形的长轴。若透镜单元Y在该平面上的正投影呈矩形,则该透镜单元Y中位于垂直于光轴的方向上的两端的最大距离为该矩形的长。若透镜单元Y在该平面上的正投影呈六边形,则该透镜单元Y中位于垂直于光轴的方向上的两端的最大距离为该矩形的最长对角线的长度。
由于复眼透镜上的光斑与光阀103上的光斑呈物像关系,复眼透镜上光斑的长宽比与光阀103处的光斑的长宽比相同,故可以根据光阀103对复眼透镜进行设计。如将复眼透镜设计为在垂直于其光轴的平面上的正投影的长宽比与光阀103的长宽比相同,如该长宽比范围为1.6~2。
相关技术中采用光导管作为匀光部件,光线在光导管中传输的过程中的损耗较高,光导管的透光率较低。且光导管呈长条状,光导管的入光口尺寸较小,光导管的入光角度较小。如光导管的入光口的中心可以位于会聚透镜的光轴上,会聚透镜射出的光线与会聚透镜的光轴的夹角处于光导管的入光角度范围内时,该光线才可以入射光导管。通常光导管的入光角度小于23度,而会聚透镜射出的光线中存在较多与光轴的夹角大于23度的光线,这些光线会被浪费,故光源发出的较多光线被浪费,光源发出的光线的利用率较低。
而本申请实施例中,复眼透镜的透光率能够达到98%~99%,复眼透镜的透光率大于光导管的透光率,故可以降低光线在匀光过程中的损耗。且复眼透镜的尺寸可以大于光导管的入光口的尺寸,光源射出的光线可以较多地射向复眼透镜,进而被复眼透镜均匀化后射出,故光源发出的光线的利用率高,光线损失较少,光机的光效较高。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种激光投影设备的结构示意图。如图8所示,激光投影设备00还可以包括:第二扩散部106,该第二扩散部106位于第二透镜1042与匀光部件101之间。可选地,该第二扩散部106的扩散角可以小于第一扩散部105的扩散角。如第二扩散部106的扩散角的范围为1度~6度。可选地,该第二扩散部106可以固定设置。可选地,该第二扩散部106也可以位于激光器120发出的光线入射第一透镜1041之前的光路中,如第二扩散部106也可以位于激光器120与第一透镜1041之间,本申请实施例未对此种方式进行示意。
本申请实施例中,在设置第一扩散部105的基础上,可以再设置第二扩散部106以进一步辅助第一扩散部105对光线进行扩散匀化,进一步降低激光投影设备的散斑效应。另外,由于第二扩散部106靠近匀光部件101,且通过第二扩散部106的光会按照其出射角度传输,故使第二扩散部106的扩散角较小,进而避免通过第二扩散部106的光由于发散角度较大而射向匀光部件101之外,导致光线浪费的情况发生。另外,由于透镜组104对光线的缩束,使得射向第二扩散部106的光斑较小,第二扩散部106的面积也可以较小,进而可以进一步降低光机的制备成本。
可选地,请继续参考图8,激光投影设备00还可以包括:第一驱动结构107,和/或,第二驱动结构108。图8以该激光投影设备同时包括第一驱动结构107和第二驱动结构108为例进行示意。该第一驱动结构107用于驱动光源与匀光部件101之间的扩散片(如第一扩散部105和第二扩散部106)沿目标方向运动,该目标方向相交于光源与匀光部件101的排布方向(也即x方向)。例如该目标方向垂直于x方向,如该目标方向可以为y方向,或者该目标方向同时垂直于x方向和y方向(也即是垂直纸面的方向)。该第二驱动结构108用于驱动扩散片绕平行于光源与匀光部件101的排布方向(也即x方向)的轴向转动。
扩散片中包括按照一定规律排布的扩散角不同的微结构,如该微结构可以为类似于微型凸透镜的结构。扩散片在运动时可以保证光线在不同时刻射向扩散片的不同位置,如此光线在不同时刻的发散角度不同,激光投影设备根据该光线进行投影形成的不同形状位置的散斑可以散乱叠加,进而用户可以无法看到明显的散斑,起到了更好的消除散斑的作用。
需要说明的是,第一扩散部105和第二扩散部106中可以仅一个扩散片能在上述至少一个驱动结构的驱动下运动,或者该两个扩散片也可以均在至少一个驱动结构的驱动下运动,该两个扩散片的运动方式可以相同也可以不同,本申请实施例不做限定。示例地,图8以第一扩散部105在第一驱动结构107的驱动下运动,第二扩散部106在第二驱动结构108的驱动下运动为例进行示意。
可选地,请继续参考图7和图8,激光投影设备00还可以包括:位于匀光部件101与光阀103之间的照明镜组102。该照明镜组102可以包括:第三凸透镜T3、反射片F、第四凸透镜T4和全内反射棱镜L。匀光部件101射出的光线可以通过第三凸透镜T3射向反射片F,反射片F可以将入射的光线反射至第四凸透镜T4,第四凸透镜T4可以将入射的光线会聚至全内反射棱镜L,全内反射棱镜L将入射的光线反射至光阀103。需要说明的是,对于该照明镜组102的介绍可以参考对图1中照明镜组0023的相关介绍。
需要说明的是,相关技术中光导管射出的光线需要通过至少两个透镜才射向反射片。而本申请实施例中第一透镜和第二透镜组成的缩束***可以将光线射出平行光,复眼透镜射出的光线准直度较高,故之后可以仅通过一个收光凸透镜(也即是第三凸透镜)缩小光线的发散角度,便可以得到符合光阀调制需求的光线,进而使该光线依次射向反射片、第四凸透镜和光阀。由于本申请实施例中减少了匀光部件与反射片之间收光透镜的个数,故可以进一步保证激光投影设备的体积较小,便于激光投影设备的小型化。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种激光投影设备的部分结构示意图,且其中仅对照明镜组中的部分结构和光阀进行示意。图9所示的照明镜组102和光阀103可以为图7或图8中的照明镜组102和光阀103的左视图,图7或图8中的照明镜组102和光阀103可以为图9所示的照明镜组102和光阀103的俯视图顺时针旋转90度后的视图。如图9所示,照明镜组102中的全内反射棱镜L可以包括两个三棱镜(分别为第一棱镜L1和第二棱镜 L2),该第二棱镜L2可以位于第一棱镜L1远离光阀103的一侧。该第一棱镜L1和第二棱镜L2中相互靠近的两个表面之间可以存在空气间隙,进而该两个三棱镜可以构成全内反射棱镜,保证入射该第一棱镜L1的光线可以在其靠近第二棱镜L2的侧面上发生全反射,进而射出第一棱镜L1且射向光阀103。该光阀103可以对该光线进行反射,使该光线依次穿过第一棱镜L1和第二棱镜L2进而射向镜头。可选地,光线在照明镜组102中的光路也可以称为照明光路。
可选地,本申请实施例中的光阀可以根据激光投影设备的投影架构的不同而进行适应的更改。示例地,光阀可以为硅基液晶(Liquid Crystal on Silicon,LCOS),液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)或者数字微镜器件(Digital Micromirror Device,DMD)。本申请实施例以激光投影设备采用数字光处理(Digital Light Processing,DLP)架构,光阀为DMD为例进行解释说明。示例地,DMD包括多个微小的反射片(图中未示出),每个反射片可以看做一个像素,每个反射片反射的光可以用于显示投影画面中的一个像素点。反射片可以处于两个状态,在第一状态下反射片可以将入射的光线反射至镜头,在第二状态下反射片可以将入射的光线反射至镜头外,以此来实现像素的明暗显示。例如,反射片从初始状态旋转正17度或正12度时,该反射片可以处于第一状态,反射片从初始状态旋转负17度或负12度时,该反射片可以处于第二状态。示例地,若图8所示的光阀表示一个反射片,则此时该反射片可以处于第一状态,该反射片的初始状态可以为该反射片平行于其靠近的第一棱镜L1的侧面的状态。如该反射片从初始状态顺时针旋转的角度为正的角度,从初始状态逆时针旋转的角度为负的角度。如此可以通过调整DMD中各个反射片的状态,以使激光投影设备能够投射相应地投影画面。
综上所述,本申请上述实施例提供的激光投影设备中,光源和光阀之间的光路上依次排布有第一透镜、第一扩散部、第二透镜和匀光部件。优选地,第一透镜与第二透镜的焦点重合,且第一透镜上的光斑面积大于第二透镜上的光斑面积,第一透镜和第二透镜可以对光源发出的光线进行缩束,保证光线较多地射向匀光部件以用于形成投影画面,保证光线的利用率较高。且由于第一扩散部位于该重合的焦点处,一方面,根据光束会聚成像原理,该焦点(会聚成像处)处的光线原理上可以视为点光源以任意光束角度向透镜出射,都可以被该透镜准直成平行光束,因此,第一扩散部可以设置较大的发散角度,对入射的激光光束进行较大程度的扩散,减轻不同颜色的激光光束发散程度的差异性,且使激光光束的匀化效果好,而经过大角度扩散后的激光光束射向第二透镜后,仍可以被第二透镜会聚成准直状态。
由于经过大角度的扩散,激光光束的匀化效果提高,还有利于改善散斑效应。
另一方面,经过第二透镜准直的激光光束的光斑尺寸减小,实现了激光光束的缩束,进而利于后面光学镜片的利用。在上述技术方案中,不需要额外为第一扩散部设置专门的光路位置,而是位于原有的两个透镜之间,就能够达到缩束、减轻不同颜色激光光束发散差异性、消散斑的多重作用,而不会增加光路的长度,利于光源架构的小型化。
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种激光投影设备光学引擎结构示意图。图10所示的可以为激光投影设备的光学引擎的整体外观图,该外观图可以为上述实施例中的任一可选结构的激光投影设备的光学引擎的整体外观图。如图10所示,该激光投影设备包括:光源10,光机20和镜头30。该光源10用于向光机20发出光线,该光机20用于将入射的光线调制后射向镜头30,镜头30用于将入射的光线进行投射。如该光源10可以包括可以 为上述图3-1~图3-4及其改进型的任一激光光源的实施例。或者,该光学引擎光路可以为上述图7或图8及其改进型的激光投影光路***,并具有上述激光光源或激光投影光路的有益效果,在此不再赘述。
本申请中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本申请中术语“A、B和C的至少一种”表示可以存在七种关系,可以表示:单独存在A,单独存在B,单独存在C,同时存在A和B,同时存在A和C,同时存在C和B,同时存在A、B和C这七种情况。在本申请实施例中,术语“第一”和“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。术语“多个”指两个或两个以上,除非另有明确的限定。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例,并不用以限制本申请,凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (16)
- 一种激光光源,其特征在于,包括:激光器,至少发出蓝色激光和红色激光;沿光源的出光方向依次排布的第一透镜、第一扩散部及第二透镜,所述第一透镜用于将所述蓝色激光和所述红色激光会聚至所述第一扩散部;所述第一扩散部用于将至少所述蓝色激光和红色激光的发散角度均扩大后射向所述第二透镜;所述第二透镜用于将呈发散状态的至少所述蓝色激光和红色激光进行会聚,其中,所述第二透镜的焦点位于所述第一透镜和所述第二透镜之间,所述第一扩散部位于所述第二透镜的焦点平面处,经所述第二透镜出射的光斑的尺寸小于入射所述第一透镜入射侧的光斑的尺寸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,第一扩散部的扩散角的范围为5度~16度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第一透镜和所述第二透镜均为凸透镜,两者的焦点重合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第一扩散部为运动的扩散片。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第一透镜和所述第二透镜的光轴重合,所述第一透镜入射侧的光斑面积与所述第二透镜出射侧的光斑面积的比值范围为1.5~3。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第一透镜的焦距大于所述第二透镜的焦距。
- 根据权利要求1所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述激光器还发出绿色激光。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述激光器和所述第一透镜之间还设置第二扩散部,或者,所述第二透镜后还设置第二扩散部。
- 根据权利要求8所述的激光光源,其特征在于:所述第二扩散部为固定设置的扩散片。
- 根据权利要求8所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第二扩散部的发散角小于所述第一扩散部的发散角。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述第一扩散部具有至少两个分区,其中,红色激光透射通过第一分区,蓝色激光透射通过第二分区,所述第一分区的扩散角度小于所述第二分区的扩散角度。
- 根据权利要求7所述的激光光源,其特征在于,所述激光器为MCL型激光器,所述MCL型激光器至少为三组,分别发出红色激光、蓝色激光、绿色激光;所述MCL型激光器为一组,包括呈行列排列的多种发光芯片,分别发出红色激光、蓝色激光、绿色激光。
- 一种激光投影设备,其特征在于,包括:激光光源、光阀和镜头,所述激光光源用于向所述光阀发出光线,所述光阀用于将入射的光线调制后射向所述镜头,所述镜头用于将入射的光线进行投射;所述激光光源为权利要求1-12任一所述的激光光源。
- 根据权利要求13所述的激光投影设备,其特征在于,所述激光投影设备还包括:匀光部件;所述激光光源发出的光线射向所述匀光部件,所述匀光部件用于将入射的光线匀化后经照明镜组射向所述光阀。
- 根据权利要求14所述的激光投影设备,其特征在于,所述匀光部件包括复眼透镜,所述复眼透镜满足以下至少一种:所述复眼透镜在垂直于所述复眼透镜的光轴的平面上的正投影面积范围为144平方毫米~265平方毫米;所述复眼透镜在垂直于所述复眼透镜的光轴的平面上的正投影呈矩形,所述矩形的长宽比范围为1.6~2;以及,所述透镜单元中位于垂直于所述光轴的方向上的两端的最大距离范围为0.5毫米~1.5毫米。
- 根据权利要求13所述的激光投影设备,其特征在于,所述照明镜组包括第三凸透镜、反射片、第四凸透镜和全内反射棱镜,所述匀光部件射出的光线通过所述第三凸透镜射向所述反射片,所述反射片用于将入射的光线反射至所述第四凸透镜,所述第四凸透镜用于将入射的光线会聚至所述全内反射棱镜,所述全内反射棱镜用于将入射的光线反射至所述光阀。
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