WO2021260776A1 - Tool and tool production method - Google Patents

Tool and tool production method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021260776A1
WO2021260776A1 PCT/JP2020/024460 JP2020024460W WO2021260776A1 WO 2021260776 A1 WO2021260776 A1 WO 2021260776A1 JP 2020024460 W JP2020024460 W JP 2020024460W WO 2021260776 A1 WO2021260776 A1 WO 2021260776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
recess
tool
work
tool according
end mill
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/024460
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
泰助 東
高志 原田
暁 久木野
直樹 渡部
真有香 背川
Original Assignee
住友電工ハードメタル株式会社
住友電気工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社, 住友電気工業株式会社 filed Critical 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/024460 priority Critical patent/WO2021260776A1/en
Priority to JP2021555019A priority patent/JPWO2021260776A1/ja
Priority to TW110122545A priority patent/TW202206206A/en
Publication of WO2021260776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021260776A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/18—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing
    • B23B27/20—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing with diamond bits or cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • B23P15/34—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools milling cutters

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to tools and tools manufacturing methods.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-119333 describes a ball end mill.
  • the ball end mill of Patent Document 1 has a main body portion and a blade portion.
  • the blade portion is attached to the tip of the main body portion.
  • the blade portion is formed of a diamond sintered body containing diamond particles and a binder.
  • the blade portion has a hemispherical shape.
  • the surface of the blade portion includes a concave portion and a convex portion.
  • the tool of the present disclosure has a tip formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond.
  • the tip has a surface that comes into contact with the work. At least a portion of the surface includes a plurality of first recesses and protrusions formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses with each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of region II of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the tip portion 20 of the ball end mill 200.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 200.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of region II of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the partial
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 300.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion 20 of the cutting insert 300.
  • FIG. 12 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing the cutting insert 300.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of the radius end mill 400.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the stylus 500.
  • the present disclosure provides a tool having improved contact with a work (a machining tool or a cutting tool with improved machining accuracy of the workpiece, or a measuring tool with reduced contact resistance with the workpiece). ..
  • the tool according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a tip portion formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond.
  • the tip has a surface that comes into contact with the work. At least a portion of the surface includes a plurality of first recesses and protrusions formed by the ends of two adjacent first recesses coming into contact with each other. According to the tool according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the contact with the work can be improved.
  • the tool of (1) above may be a measuring tool for measuring the surface roughness or shape of the work. In this case, it is possible to reduce the contact resistance with the work when the tip portion is scanned along the surface of the work.
  • the tool of (1) above may be a machining tool for machining a work. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
  • the surface may include a partial spherical surface.
  • the surface may include a groove and a cutting edge formed on the groove and the ridgeline of the partial spherical surface.
  • the tool of (1) above may be a cutting tool for cutting a work.
  • the surface may include a rake face, a flank, and a rake face and a cutting edge formed on the ridge of the flank. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
  • the depth of the first recess may be 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the first recess may be 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be improved.
  • the skewness parameter at the surface portion where the first recess and the protrusion are formed may exceed 0. In this case, the processing accuracy when processing the work can be further improved.
  • At least a part of the surface may include a second recess different from the first recess.
  • the depth of the second recess may be 1 ⁇ m or more. In this case, the durability of the tool can be improved.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second concave portion in a plan view may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be further improved.
  • the area ratio of the second recess on the surface may be 3% or more and 80% or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be further improved.
  • a plurality of methods for manufacturing a tool include a step of preparing a tip portion formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond and a plurality of methods of irradiating a laser on at least a part of the surface of the tip portion.
  • the step of forming the first concave portion of the above is provided. By contacting the ends of two adjacent first concave portions, a protruding portion is formed on a part of the surface of the tip portion.
  • a step of forming a rake face and a flank surface connected to the rake face may be further provided on the surface of the tip portion by irradiating the laser.
  • the configuration of the tool according to the first embodiment will be described below.
  • the tool according to the first embodiment is a cutting tool for cutting a work. More specifically, the tool according to the first embodiment is a ball end mill 100. This work is made of, for example, cemented carbide.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of region II of FIG.
  • the ball end mill 100 has a rotation axis A.
  • the ball end mill 100 processes the work by being rotated around the rotation axis A.
  • the ball end mill 100 has a main body portion 10 and a tip portion 20.
  • the main body 10 is formed of, for example, a cemented carbide.
  • the main body portion 10 has a first end 10a and a second end 10b in a direction along the rotation axis A.
  • the second end 10b is the opposite end of the first end 10a.
  • the main body 10 has a shank 11 and a neck 12.
  • the shank 11 is on the first end 10a side and the neck 12 is on the second end 10b side.
  • the shank 11 extends along the axis of rotation A.
  • the shank 11 has a first end 11a and a second end 11b in a direction along the rotation axis A.
  • the first end 11a coincides with the first end 10a.
  • the second end 11b is the opposite end of the first end 11a.
  • the shank 11 has a circular shape in a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A.
  • the neck 12 extends from the second end 11b along the axis of rotation A.
  • the neck 12 has a first end 12a and a second end 12b in a direction along the rotation axis A.
  • the first end 12a is the end on the shank 11 side.
  • the second end 12b is the opposite end of the first end 12a and coincides with the second end 10b.
  • the neck 12 has a circular shape in a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A.
  • the cross-sectional area of the neck 12 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the shank 11 in the cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A.
  • the tip portion 20 is attached to the main body portion 10 by, for example, brazing. More specifically, the tip portion 20 is attached to the second end 10b via the connection layer 13.
  • the connection layer 13 is a brazing material.
  • the tip 20 is formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond.
  • Nanopolycrystalline diamond contains a plurality of diamond grains. The rest of the nanopolycrystalline diamond may contain graphite and unavoidable impurities, but no binder. That is, in the nanopolycrystalline diamond, each of the plurality of diamond crystal grains is directly bonded to each other.
  • the average grain size of diamond crystal grains is less than 1 ⁇ m. In nanopolycrystalline diamond, the average grain size of diamond crystal grains is preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less. In nanopolycrystalline diamond, the average grain size of diamond crystal grains may be 100 nm or more and 500 nm or less, or 100 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
  • the average grain size of diamond crystal grains in nanopolycrystalline diamond is an observation condition in which grain boundaries can be seen using an electron microscope such as JSM-7800F manufactured by JEOL Ltd. after precision polishing the surface of the tip portion 20. Can be measured by setting, acquiring a backscattered electron microscope image, and analyzing the image.
  • the tip portion 20 has a surface 21.
  • the tip portion 20 has a hemispherical shape. That is, the surface 21 includes a partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the diameter of the hemisphere constituting the tip portion 20 is defined as the diameter R.
  • the surface 21 includes a groove 21b.
  • the surface 21 is recessed in the groove 21b.
  • the groove 21b extends radially from the vicinity of the central portion of the surface 21.
  • the ridgeline between the groove 21b and the partial spherical surface 21a is a cutting edge 21c.
  • the partial spherical surface 21a is a flank.
  • the surface of the groove 21b connected to the cutting edge 21c is a rake surface.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.
  • a plurality of first recesses 22 are formed in the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the partial spherical surface 21a is recessed in the first recess 22.
  • the first concave portion 22 has a hexagonal shape in a plan view (viewed from a direction orthogonal to the partial spherical surface 21a), but the planar shape of the first concave portion 22 is limited to this. I can't.
  • the first recess 22 is formed, for example, over the entire surface of the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the first recess 22 may be formed only in a part of the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • a protrusion 23 is formed on the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the protrusion 23 is formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22. Since the protrusion 23 is formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22, the tip thereof is sharp (the tip does not include a flat surface).
  • the first recess 22 has a depth D1.
  • the depth D1 is the distance between the bottom of the first recess 22 and the tip of the protrusion 23.
  • the depth D1 is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 is measured according to the JIS standard (JIS B 0601: 2013).
  • the skewness (Ssk) of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed is preferably more than 0 (a positive value).
  • the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed is measured according to the JIS standard (JIS B 061-2: 2018).
  • FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100. As shown in FIG. 5, it has a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, and a first recess forming step S3.
  • the members constituting the main body portion 10 and the tip portion 20 are prepared.
  • the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are not formed on the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) of the tip portion 20 prepared in the preparation step S1.
  • the joining step S2 for example, the main body portion 10 and the tip portion 20 are joined by brazing.
  • the first recess 22 is formed.
  • the first recess 22 is formed by irradiating the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) with a laser. Since the protrusion 23 is formed by the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22 contacting each other, the protrusion 23 is also formed by forming the first recess 22 in the first recess forming step S3. ..
  • the coolant collects in the first recess 22 (the first recess 22 becomes an oil pool), so that the cutting resistance between the flank (partial spherical surface 21a) and the work.
  • the cooling effect of the coolant increases as the amount of coolant decreases. As a result, the durability of the ball end mill 100 is improved.
  • the cutting edge 21c not only cuts the work, but also the protruding portion 23 grinds the work, so that the machined surface (specifically, the work quality) is processed. Surface roughness of the work surface) is improved. As described above, according to the ball end mill 100, the processing accuracy for the work can be improved.
  • the protruding portion 23 becomes sharper, so that the processed quality of the surface to be machined is improved. Further, the larger the depth D1, the more easily the coolant accumulates in the first recess 22. On the other hand, the larger the depth D1, the easier it is for the protrusion 23 to break. Therefore, by setting the depth D1 to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, the processing accuracy for the work and the durability of the ball end mill 100 can be further improved.
  • samples 1 to 9 were used as the ball end mill 100. As shown in Table 1, the depth D1 was changed in Samples 1 to 9. Further, in Samples 1 to 9, the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed was changed. In Samples 1 to 9, the diameter R was set to 0.5 mm. In Samples 1 to 9, the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was set to 0.10 ⁇ m.
  • first cutting test spherical processing was performed on the work made of cemented carbide VF20 using Samples 1 to 9. The first cutting test was performed under the conditions of 40,000 rotations / minute, a feed rate of 300 mm / min, a depth of cut of 0.005 mm, and a depth of cut of 0.002 mm. In the first cutting test, mist-like coolant was supplied.
  • the processing accuracy (dimensional accuracy) of the above spherical surface processing was evaluated as particularly good when the dimensional tolerance was within ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m, and evaluated as good when the dimensional tolerance was within ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • Table 2 shows the results of the first cutting test. As shown in Table 2, the spherical surface processing using the samples 1 to 6 showed particularly good processing accuracy. On the other hand, the processing accuracy of the spherical surface processing using the sample 7 and the sample 8 was good.
  • the depth D1 was in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, while in Samples 7 and 8, the depth D1 was not in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the machining accuracy for the work can be further improved by setting the depth D1 to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • samples 10 to 14 were used as the ball end mill 100.
  • Samples 10 to 14 as shown in Table 3, the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was changed.
  • the diameter R is 0.5 mm
  • the depth D1 is 4 ⁇ m
  • the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed is a positive value.
  • the machining conditions of the second cutting test were the same as the machining conditions of the first cutting test.
  • the durability (tool life) of the samples 10 to 14 was evaluated by the time until the wear on the flank surface (that is, the partial spherical surface 21a) became 50 ⁇ m.
  • Table 4 shows the results of the second cutting test. As shown in Table 4, the tool life of the samples 10 to 13 exceeded the tool life of the sample 14.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 of the samples 10 to 13 was in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 of the sample 14 was not within the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the durability of the ball end mill 100 can be improved by setting the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 to 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less. ..
  • the configuration of the tool according to the second embodiment will be described below.
  • the tool according to the second embodiment is a machining tool for machining a work. More specifically, the tool according to the second embodiment is a ball end mill 200.
  • the points different from the configuration of the ball end mill 100 will be mainly described, and the overlapping description will not be repeated.
  • the ball end mill 200 has a main body portion 10 and a tip portion 20.
  • the main body 10 has a shank 11 and a neck 12.
  • the tip portion 20 has a surface 21.
  • the surface 21 includes a partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the configuration of the ball end mill 200 is common to the configuration of the ball end mill 100.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the tip portion 20 of the ball end mill 200.
  • the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c are not formed on the surface 21. That is, in the ball end mill 200, the surface 21 is composed of a partial spherical surface 21a.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 200.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG.
  • a second concave portion 24 is further formed on the partial spherical surface 21a.
  • the configuration of the ball end mill 200 is different from the configuration of the ball end mill 100.
  • the second recess 24 is a recess different from the first recess 22.
  • the partial spherical surface 21a is recessed.
  • the second recess 24 is formed in, for example, the first recess 22.
  • the depth of the second recess 24 is defined as the depth D2.
  • the depth D2 is 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the depth D2 is, for example, 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in the plan view is the square root of the value obtained by dividing the area of the second recess 24 in the plan view by ⁇ / 4.
  • the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 is preferably 3% or more and 80% or less.
  • the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 is a value obtained by dividing the area of the surface 21 on which the second recess 24 is formed by the area of the surface 21 on which the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed.
  • the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 will be described below. Here, the points different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100 will be mainly described, and duplicate explanations will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200.
  • the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 includes a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, and a first recess forming step S3.
  • the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 is different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100.
  • the method for manufacturing the ball end mill 200 further includes a second recess forming step S4.
  • the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 is different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100.
  • the second recess 24 is formed.
  • the metal powder is arranged on the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a).
  • a metal having a high affinity for diamond for example, iron, cobalt, nickel is selected.
  • the above metal powder is reacted with the diamond contained in the tip portion 20.
  • diamond is removed from the surface 21 of the portion to which the metal powder has adhered, and the second recess 24 is formed.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 can be changed by adjusting the particle size of the metal powder to be arranged, and the area ratio of the second recess 24 can be changed. Can be changed by adjusting the amount of the metal powder to be arranged.
  • the method of forming the second recess 24 is not limited to the above example.
  • the second recess 24 may be formed, for example, by irradiating the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) with a laser.
  • the ball end mill 200 does not have a cutting edge 21c.
  • the second recess 24 acts as a fine cutting edge.
  • the first recess 22 also acts as a cutting edge.
  • the depth (depth D2) of the second recess 24 is less than 1 ⁇ m, the second recess 24 is unlikely to act as a cutting edge.
  • the depth D2 is less than 1 ⁇ m, chips generated from the work are clogged in the second recess 24, which tends to be the starting point of welding. As a result, wear of the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) tends to proceed.
  • the work can be machined while ensuring the durability of the tool.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view is excessive, the second recess 24 is less likely to act as a cutting edge. Further, if the diameter corresponding to the circle of the second recess 24 in a plan view is too small, the second recess 24 is likely to be clogged with chips. Therefore, by setting the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view to 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, the work can be machined while further improving the durability of the tool.
  • the area ratio of the second recess 24 is too small, the number of the second recess 24 that functions as a cutting edge is small. Further, if the area ratio of the second recess 24 is excessive, the ratio of the second recess 24 that functions as a cutting edge decreases, and the load per cutting edge (second recess 24) increases, so that the surface 21 Wear of (partial spherical surface 21a) is likely to progress. Therefore, by setting the area ratio of the second recess 24 to 3% or more and 80% or less, it is possible to process the work while further improving the durability of the tool.
  • ⁇ Third cutting test> A third cutting test was performed to confirm the influence of the depth of the second recess 24 (depth D2), the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 and the area ratio of the second recess 24 in a plan view. The third cutting test will be described below.
  • samples 15 to 25 were used as the ball end mill 200.
  • the depth D2 the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in plan view, and the area ratio of the second recess 24 were changed.
  • the diameter R is 0.5 mm
  • the depth D1 is 4 ⁇ m
  • the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed is a positive value.
  • the arithmetic average roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was set to 0.10 ⁇ m.
  • the machining conditions of the third cutting test were the same as the machining conditions of the first cutting test.
  • the durability (tool life) of the samples 15 to 25 was evaluated by the time until the wear on the flank surface (that is, the partial spherical surface 21a) reached 50 ⁇ m.
  • the results of the third cutting test are shown in Table 6.
  • the tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of sample 21.
  • the depth D2 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the depth D2 of sample 21 was not within the range of 1 ⁇ m or more. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the depth D2 to 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of samples 22 and 23.
  • the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the equivalent circle diameters of the second recesses 24 of the sample 22 and the sample 23 were not within the range of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view to 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of samples 24 and 25.
  • the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 3% or more and 80% or less.
  • the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 of the sample 22 and the sample 23 was not within the range of 3% or more and 80% or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 to 3% or more and 80% or less.
  • the ball end mill 200 does not have the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c, but the ball end mill 200 may have the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c.
  • the configuration of the tool according to the third embodiment will be described below.
  • the tool according to the third embodiment is a cutting tool for cutting a work. More specifically, the tool according to the third embodiment is a cutting insert 300.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 300.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion 20 of the cutting insert 300. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the cutting insert 300 has a substrate 30 and a tip portion 20.
  • the substrate 30 has a first surface 30a, a second surface 30b, and a side surface 30c.
  • the second surface 30b is the opposite surface of the first surface 30a.
  • the side surface 30c is continuous with the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b.
  • the substrate 30 has a mounting portion 31.
  • the mounting portion 31 is located at a corner portion of the substrate 30 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first surface 30a.
  • the distance between the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b located on the mounting portion 31 is smaller than the distance between the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b located outside the mounting portion 31. That is, a step is formed in the mounting portion 31 on the first surface 30a side of the substrate 30.
  • the substrate 30 is formed of, for example, a cemented carbide.
  • the tip portion 20 is attached to the attachment portion 31 by brazing or the like.
  • the surface 21 of the tip portion 20 has a rake surface 21d, a flank surface 21e, and a cutting edge 21f.
  • the rake face 21d is connected to the flank surface 21e.
  • the rake face 21d is connected to the first surface 30a on the side opposite to the flank surface 21e.
  • the flank 21e is connected to the side surface 30c on the opposite side of the rake face 21d.
  • the cutting edge 21f is formed on the ridgeline between the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e.
  • the rake face 21d has a first portion 21da and a second portion 21db.
  • the first portion 21da is a portion of the rake face 21d connected to the flank surface 21e.
  • the second portion 21db is a portion sandwiching the first portion 21da with the cutting edge 21f.
  • the first portion 21da is inclined with respect to the second portion 21db so as to form a negative angle with respect to the second portion 21db.
  • the first portion 21da has a negative angle with respect to the second portion 21db
  • the first portion is when the second portion 21db faces upward and the flank 21e faces to the left.
  • 21da is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the second portion 21db. From another point of view, the first part 21da is a negative land.
  • the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e. More specifically, the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed on the first portion 21da and the flank 21e. A second recess 24 may be further formed on the rake face 21d (first portion 21da) and the flank 21e.
  • FIG. 12 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing the cutting insert 300.
  • the method for manufacturing the cutting insert 300 includes a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, a surface forming step S5, and a first recess forming step S3.
  • the method for manufacturing the cutting insert 300 may further include a second recess forming step S4.
  • the members constituting the substrate 30 and the tip portion 20 are prepared.
  • the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are not formed on the surface 21 of the tip portion 20 prepared in the preparation step S1.
  • the joining step S2 for example, the substrate 30 and the tip portion 20 are joined by brazing.
  • the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e are formed on the surface 21.
  • the formation of the rake face 21d and the formation of the flank surface 21e are performed, for example, by irradiating the surface 21 with a laser.
  • the cutting edge 21f is also formed. Since the first recess forming step S3 and the second recess forming step S4 are as described above, the description thereof will be omitted here.
  • the coolant collects in the first recess 22 (the first recess 22 becomes an oil pool), so that the cutting resistance between the surface 21 and the work decreases and the coolant The cooling effect is enhanced. As a result, the durability of the cutting insert 300 is improved.
  • the cutting edge 21f not only cuts the work, but also the protrusion 23 formed on the flank surface 21e grinds the work, so that the machined surface is machined. Quality (surface roughness of the surface to be machined) is improved. As described above, according to the cutting insert 300, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy for the work.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of the radius end mill 400.
  • the contents of the third embodiment described above can be applied to, for example, a radius end mill 400 as shown in FIG. More specifically, the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the flank surface and the rake surface formed on the tip portion 20 of the radius end mill 400.
  • the configuration of the tool according to the fourth embodiment will be described below.
  • the tool according to the fourth embodiment is a measuring tool for measuring the surface roughness or shape of the work. More specifically, the tool according to the fourth embodiment is a stylus 500.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the stylus 500.
  • the stylus 500 has a tip 20.
  • the stylus 500 is scanned on the work so that the surface 21 is in contact with the surface of the work. As a result, the surface roughness or shape of the work is measured.
  • a first recess 22 and a protrusion 23 are formed on the surface 21.
  • a second recess 24 may be further formed on the surface 21.
  • the stylus 500 Since the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed on the surface 21, the contact resistance between the surface of the work and the surface 21 when scanning the stylus 500 can be reduced.
  • 10 Main body, 10a 1st end, 10b 2nd end, 11 shank, 11a 1st end, 11b 2nd end, 12 neck, 12a 1st end, 12b 2nd end, 13 connection layer, 20 tip, 21 surface , 21a partial spherical surface, 21b groove, 21c cutting edge, 21d rake surface, 21da first part, 21db second part, 21e flank surface, 21f cutting edge, 22 first recess, 23 protrusion, 24 second recess, 30 substrate , 30a 1st surface, 30b 2nd surface, 30c side surface, 31 mounting part, 100 ball end mill, 200 ball end mill, 300 cutting insert, 400 radius end mill, 500 stylus, A rotation axis, D1, D2 depth, R diameter, S1 preparation step, S2 joining step, S3 first recess forming step, S4 second recess forming step, S5 surface forming step.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

This tool comprises a tip portion that is formed from nano-polycrystalline diamond. The tip portion has a surface which comes into contact with a workpiece. At least a portion of said surface contains a plurality of first recesses, and protrusions that are each formed by the contact between the edges of two adjacent first recesses.

Description

工具及び工具の製造方法Tools and tool manufacturing methods
　本開示は、工具及び工具の製造方法に関する。 This disclosure relates to tools and tools manufacturing methods.
　特許文献１（特開２０１７－１１９３３３号公報）には、ボールエンドミルが記載されている。特許文献１のボールエンドミルは、本体部と、刃部とを有している。刃部は、本体部の先端に取り付けられている。刃部は、ダイヤモンド粒子及び結合材を含むダイヤモンド焼結体により形成されている。刃部は、半球形状を有している。刃部の表面は、凹部と、凸部とを含んでいる。 Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-119333) describes a ball end mill. The ball end mill of Patent Document 1 has a main body portion and a blade portion. The blade portion is attached to the tip of the main body portion. The blade portion is formed of a diamond sintered body containing diamond particles and a binder. The blade portion has a hemispherical shape. The surface of the blade portion includes a concave portion and a convex portion.
特開２０１７－１１９３３３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-119333
　本開示の工具は、ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成された先端部を備えている。先端部は、ワークと接触する表面を有する。表面の少なくとも一部は、複数の第１凹部と、隣り合う２つの前記第１凹部の端が互いに接触することにより形成される突出部とを含む。 The tool of the present disclosure has a tip formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond. The tip has a surface that comes into contact with the work. At least a portion of the surface includes a plurality of first recesses and protrusions formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses with each other.
図１は、ボールエンドミル１００の側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of the ball end mill 100. 図２は、図１の領域ＩＩにおける拡大図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of region II of FIG. 図３は、ボールエンドミル１００における部分球面２１ａの模式的な平面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 100. 図４は、図３のＩＶ－ＩＶにおける断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 図５は、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100. 図６は、ボールエンドミル２００の先端部２０近傍の拡大側面図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the tip portion 20 of the ball end mill 200. 図７は、ボールエンドミル２００における部分球面２１ａの模式的な平面図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 200. 図８は、図７のＶＩＩＩ－ＶＩＩＩにおける断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 図９は、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200. 図１０は、切削インサート３００の斜視図である。FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 300. 図１１は、切削インサート３００の先端部２０における断面図である。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion 20 of the cutting insert 300. 図１２は、切削インサート３００の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 12 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing the cutting insert 300. 図１３は、ラジアスエンドミル４００の側面図である。FIG. 13 is a side view of the radius end mill 400. 図１４は、スタイラス５００の側面図である。FIG. 14 is a side view of the stylus 500.
　［本開示が解決しようとする課題］
　本発明者らが見出した知見によると、特許文献１に記載のボールエンドミルは、ワークとの接触性に関して、改善の余地がある。 [Problems to be solved by this disclosure]
According to the findings found by the present inventors, the ball end mill described in Patent Document 1 has room for improvement in terms of contact with a work.
　本開示は、上記のような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものである。より具体的には、本開示は、ワークとの接触性が改善された工具（ワークの加工精度が改善された加工工具ないし切削工具又はワークとの接触抵抗が低減された測定工具）を提供する。 This disclosure has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above. More specifically, the present disclosure provides a tool having improved contact with a work (a machining tool or a cutting tool with improved machining accuracy of the workpiece, or a measuring tool with reduced contact resistance with the workpiece). ..
　［本開示の効果］
　本開示の工具によると、ワークとの接触性を改善（加工工具ないし切削工具である場合にはワークの加工精度を改善、測定工具である場合にはワークとの接触抵抗の低減）することができる。 [Effect of this disclosure]
According to the tool of the present disclosure, it is possible to improve the contactability with the work (improve the machining accuracy of the work in the case of a machining tool or a cutting tool, and reduce the contact resistance with the work in the case of a measuring tool). can.
　［本開示の実施形態の説明］
　まず、本開示の実施形態を、列挙して説明する。 [Explanation of Embodiments of the present disclosure]
First, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be listed and described.
　（１）本開示の一態様に係る工具は、ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成された先端部を備える。先端部は、ワークと接触する表面を有する。表面の少なくとも一部は、複数の第１凹部と、隣り合う２つの第１凹部の端が互いに接触することにより形成される突出部とを含む。本開示の一態様に係る工具によると、ワークとの接触性を改善することができる。 (1) The tool according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a tip portion formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond. The tip has a surface that comes into contact with the work. At least a portion of the surface includes a plurality of first recesses and protrusions formed by the ends of two adjacent first recesses coming into contact with each other. According to the tool according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the contact with the work can be improved.
　（２）上記（１）の工具は、ワークの表面粗さ又は形状を測定するための測定工具であってもよい。この場合、先端部がワークの表面に沿って走査される際のワークとの接触抵抗を低減することができる。 (2) The tool of (1) above may be a measuring tool for measuring the surface roughness or shape of the work. In this case, it is possible to reduce the contact resistance with the work when the tip portion is scanned along the surface of the work.
　（３）上記（１）の工具は、ワークの加工を行うための加工工具であってもよい。この場合、ワークを加工する際の加工精度を改善することができる。 (3) The tool of (1) above may be a machining tool for machining a work. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
　（４）上記（３）の工具において、表面は、部分球面を含んでいてもよい。
　（５）上記（４）の工具において、表面は、溝と、溝及び部分球面の稜線に形成された切れ刃とを含んでいてもよい。 (4) In the tool of (3) above, the surface may include a partial spherical surface.
(5) In the tool of (4) above, the surface may include a groove and a cutting edge formed on the groove and the ridgeline of the partial spherical surface.
　（６）上記（１）の工具は、ワークの切削を行うための切削工具であってもよい。表面は、すくい面と、逃げ面と、すくい面及び逃げ面の稜線に形成された切れ刃とを含んでいてもよい。この場合、ワークを加工する際の加工精度を改善することができる。 (6) The tool of (1) above may be a cutting tool for cutting a work. The surface may include a rake face, a flank, and a rake face and a cutting edge formed on the ridge of the flank. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
　（７）上記（３）～（６）の工具において、第１凹部の深さは、０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下であってもよい。この場合、ワークを加工する際の加工精度を改善することができる。 (7) In the tools (3) to (6) above, the depth of the first recess may be 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less. In this case, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when processing the work.
　（８）上記（３）～（７）の工具において、第１凹部における表面の算術平均粗さは、０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下であってもよい。この場合、工具の耐久性を改善することができる。 (8) In the tools (3) to (7) above, the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the first recess may be 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be improved.
　（９）上記（３）～（８）の工具において、第１凹部及び突出部が形成されている表面の部分におけるスキューネスパラメータは、０を超えていてもよい。この場合、ワークを加工する際の加工精度をさらに改善することができる。 (9) In the tools (3) to (8) above, the skewness parameter at the surface portion where the first recess and the protrusion are formed may exceed 0. In this case, the processing accuracy when processing the work can be further improved.
　（１０）上記（３）～（９）の工具において、表面の少なくとも一部は、第１凹部とは別の第２凹部を含んでいてもよい。第２凹部の深さは、１μｍ以上であってもよい。この場合、工具の耐久性を改善することができる。 (10) In the tools (3) to (9) above, at least a part of the surface may include a second recess different from the first recess. The depth of the second recess may be 1 μm or more. In this case, the durability of the tool can be improved.
　（１１）上記（１０）の工具において、平面視における第２凹部の円相当径は、０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下であってもよい。この場合、工具の耐久性をさらに改善することができる。 (11) In the tool of (10) above, the equivalent circle diameter of the second concave portion in a plan view may be 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be further improved.
　（１２）上記（１０）又は（１１）の工具において、表面における第２凹部の面積割合は、３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下であってもよい。この場合、工具の耐久性をさらに改善することができる。 (12) In the tool of (10) or (11) above, the area ratio of the second recess on the surface may be 3% or more and 80% or less. In this case, the durability of the tool can be further improved.
　（１３）本開示の一態様に係る工具の製造方法は、ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成された先端部を準備する工程と、レーザを照射することにより、先端部の表面の少なくとも一部に、複数の第１凹部を形成する工程とを備える。隣り合う２つの第１凹部の端が接することにより、先端部の表面の一部に、突出部が形成される。 (13) A plurality of methods for manufacturing a tool according to one aspect of the present disclosure include a step of preparing a tip portion formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond and a plurality of methods of irradiating a laser on at least a part of the surface of the tip portion. The step of forming the first concave portion of the above is provided. By contacting the ends of two adjacent first concave portions, a protruding portion is formed on a part of the surface of the tip portion.
　（１４）上記（１３）の工具の製造方法において、レーザを照射することにより、先端部の表面に、すくい面及びすくい面に連なる逃げ面を形成する工程をさらに備えていてもよい。 (14) In the tool manufacturing method of (13) above, a step of forming a rake face and a flank surface connected to the rake face may be further provided on the surface of the tip portion by irradiating the laser.
　［本開示の実施形態の詳細］
　次に、本開示の実施形態の詳細を、図面を参照しながら説明する。以下の図面においては、同一又は相当する部分に同一の参照符号を付し、重複する説明は繰り返さない。 [Details of Embodiments of the present disclosure]
Next, the details of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are not repeated.
　（第１実施形態）
　以下に、第１実施形態に係る工具の構成を説明する。第１実施形態に係る工具は、ワークに対する切削加工を行うための切削工具である。より具体的には、第１実施形態に係る工具は、ボールエンドミル１００である。このワークは、例えば、超硬合金製である。 (First Embodiment)
The configuration of the tool according to the first embodiment will be described below. The tool according to the first embodiment is a cutting tool for cutting a work. More specifically, the tool according to the first embodiment is a ball end mill 100. This work is made of, for example, cemented carbide.
　図１は、ボールエンドミル１００の側面図である。図２は、図１の領域ＩＩにおける拡大図である。図１及び図２に示されるように、ボールエンドミル１００は、回転軸Ａを有している。ボールエンドミル１００は、回転軸Ａ回りに回転されることにより、ワークに対する加工を行う。ボールエンドミル１００は、本体部１０と、先端部２０とを有している。 FIG. 1 is a side view of the ball end mill 100. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of region II of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ball end mill 100 has a rotation axis A. The ball end mill 100 processes the work by being rotated around the rotation axis A. The ball end mill 100 has a main body portion 10 and a tip portion 20.
　本体部１０は、例えば、超硬合金により形成されている。本体部１０は、回転軸Ａに沿う方向において、第１端１０ａと、第２端１０ｂとを有している。第２端１０ｂは、第１端１０ａの反対側の端である。本体部１０は、シャンク１１と、ネック１２とを有している。シャンク１１は第１端１０ａ側にあり、ネック１２は第２端１０ｂ側にある。 The main body 10 is formed of, for example, a cemented carbide. The main body portion 10 has a first end 10a and a second end 10b in a direction along the rotation axis A. The second end 10b is the opposite end of the first end 10a. The main body 10 has a shank 11 and a neck 12. The shank 11 is on the first end 10a side and the neck 12 is on the second end 10b side.
　シャンク１１は、回転軸Ａに沿って延在している。シャンク１１は、回転軸Ａに沿う方向において、第１端１１ａと、第２端１１ｂとを有している。第１端１１ａは、第１端１０ａに一致している。第２端１１ｂは、第１端１１ａの反対側の端である。シャンク１１は、回転軸Ａに直交する断面視において、円形形状である。 The shank 11 extends along the axis of rotation A. The shank 11 has a first end 11a and a second end 11b in a direction along the rotation axis A. The first end 11a coincides with the first end 10a. The second end 11b is the opposite end of the first end 11a. The shank 11 has a circular shape in a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A.
　ネック１２は、回転軸Ａに沿って、第２端１１ｂから延在している。ネック１２は、回転軸Ａに沿う方向において、第１端１２ａと、第２端１２ｂとを有している。第１端１２ａは、シャンク１１側の端である。第２端１２ｂは、第１端１２ａの反対側の端であり、第２端１０ｂに一致している。ネック１２は、回転軸Ａに直交する断面視において、円形形状である。回転軸Ａに直交する断面視において、ネック１２の断面積は、シャンク１１の断面積よりも小さい。 The neck 12 extends from the second end 11b along the axis of rotation A. The neck 12 has a first end 12a and a second end 12b in a direction along the rotation axis A. The first end 12a is the end on the shank 11 side. The second end 12b is the opposite end of the first end 12a and coincides with the second end 10b. The neck 12 has a circular shape in a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A. The cross-sectional area of the neck 12 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the shank 11 in the cross-sectional view orthogonal to the rotation axis A.
　先端部２０は、例えばろう付けにより、本体部１０に取り付けられている。より具体的には、先端部２０は、接続層１３を介して、第２端１０ｂに取り付けられている。接続層１３は、ろう材である。 The tip portion 20 is attached to the main body portion 10 by, for example, brazing. More specifically, the tip portion 20 is attached to the second end 10b via the connection layer 13. The connection layer 13 is a brazing material.
　先端部２０は、ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成されている。ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドは、複数のダイヤモンド結晶粒を含んでいる。ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドの残部には、グラファイト及び不可避不純物が含まれていてもよいが、バインダは含まれていない。すなわち、ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンド中において、複数のダイヤモンド結晶粒の各々は、互いに直接結合されている。 The tip 20 is formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond. Nanopolycrystalline diamond contains a plurality of diamond grains. The rest of the nanopolycrystalline diamond may contain graphite and unavoidable impurities, but no binder. That is, in the nanopolycrystalline diamond, each of the plurality of diamond crystal grains is directly bonded to each other.
　ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンド中において、ダイヤモンド結晶粒の平均粒径は、１μｍ未満である。ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンド中において、ダイヤモンド結晶粒の平均粒径は、１０ｎｍ以上５００ｎｍ以下であることが好ましい。ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンド中において、ダイヤモンド結晶粒の平均粒径は、１００ｎｍ以上５００ｎｍ以下であってもよく、１００ｎｍ以上３００ｎｍ以下であってもよい。 In nanopolycrystalline diamond, the average grain size of diamond crystal grains is less than 1 μm. In nanopolycrystalline diamond, the average grain size of diamond crystal grains is preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less. In nanopolycrystalline diamond, the average grain size of diamond crystal grains may be 100 nm or more and 500 nm or less, or 100 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
　ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンド中におけるダイヤモンド結晶粒の平均粒径は、先端部２０の表面を精密研磨した上で、例えば、日本電子社製ＪＳＭ－７８００Ｆ等の電子顕微鏡を用いて、粒界が見える観察条件を設定し、反射電子顕微鏡像を取得し、画像解析することにより、測定することができる。 The average grain size of diamond crystal grains in nanopolycrystalline diamond is an observation condition in which grain boundaries can be seen using an electron microscope such as JSM-7800F manufactured by JEOL Ltd. after precision polishing the surface of the tip portion 20. Can be measured by setting, acquiring a backscattered electron microscope image, and analyzing the image.
　先端部２０は、表面２１を有している。先端部２０は、半球形状を有している。すなわち、表面２１には、部分球面２１ａが含まれている。先端部２０を構成している半球の直径を、直径Ｒとする。ボールエンドミル１００によりワークの加工が行われている際、表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）は、ワークに接触する。 The tip portion 20 has a surface 21. The tip portion 20 has a hemispherical shape. That is, the surface 21 includes a partial spherical surface 21a. The diameter of the hemisphere constituting the tip portion 20 is defined as the diameter R. When the work is being machined by the ball end mill 100, the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) comes into contact with the work.
　表面２１は、溝２１ｂを含んでいる。表面２１は、溝２１ｂにおいて窪んでいる。溝２１ｂは、表面２１の中央部付近から、放射状に延在している。溝２１ｂと部分球面２１ａとの稜線は、切れ刃２１ｃになっている。部分球面２１ａは、逃げ面になっている。切れ刃２１ｃに連なっている溝２１ｂの表面は、すくい面になっている。 The surface 21 includes a groove 21b. The surface 21 is recessed in the groove 21b. The groove 21b extends radially from the vicinity of the central portion of the surface 21. The ridgeline between the groove 21b and the partial spherical surface 21a is a cutting edge 21c. The partial spherical surface 21a is a flank. The surface of the groove 21b connected to the cutting edge 21c is a rake surface.
　図３は、ボールエンドミル１００における部分球面２１ａの模式的な平面図である。図４は、図３のＩＶ－ＩＶにおける断面図である。図３及び図４に示されるように、部分球面２１ａには、複数の第１凹部２２が形成されている。部分球面２１ａは、第１凹部２２において、窪んでいる。 FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 100. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of first recesses 22 are formed in the partial spherical surface 21a. The partial spherical surface 21a is recessed in the first recess 22.
　図３の例では、第１凹部２２は、平面視において（部分球面２１ａに直交する方向から見て）、六角形形状を有しているが、第１凹部２２の平面形状は、これに限られない。第１凹部２２は、例えば、部分球面２１ａの全面にわたって形成されている。第１凹部２２は、部分球面２１ａの一部のみに形成されていてもよい。 In the example of FIG. 3, the first concave portion 22 has a hexagonal shape in a plan view (viewed from a direction orthogonal to the partial spherical surface 21a), but the planar shape of the first concave portion 22 is limited to this. I can't. The first recess 22 is formed, for example, over the entire surface of the partial spherical surface 21a. The first recess 22 may be formed only in a part of the partial spherical surface 21a.
　部分球面２１ａには、突出部２３が形成されている。突出部２３は、隣り合う２つの第１凹部２２の端が接することにより、形成されている。突出部２３は、隣り合う２つの第１凹部２２の端が接することにより形成されているため、その先端は、鋭利になっている（その先端に平坦面を含んでいない）。 A protrusion 23 is formed on the partial spherical surface 21a. The protrusion 23 is formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22. Since the protrusion 23 is formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22, the tip thereof is sharp (the tip does not include a flat surface).
　第１凹部２２は、深さＤ１を有している。深さＤ１は、第１凹部２２の底と突出部２３の先端との間の距離である。深さＤ１は、好ましくは、０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下である。 The first recess 22 has a depth D1. The depth D1 is the distance between the bottom of the first recess 22 and the tip of the protrusion 23. The depth D1 is preferably 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less.
　第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さ（Ｒａ）は、好ましくは、０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下である。第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さは、ＪＩＳ規格（ＪＩＳ　Ｂ　０６０１：２０１３）にしたがって測定される。 The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 is preferably 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. The arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 is measured according to the JIS standard (JIS B 0601: 2013).
　第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネス（Ｓｓｋ）は、０を超えている（正の値である）ことが好ましい。第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネスは、ＪＩＳ規格（ＪＩＳ　Ｂ　０６８１－２：２０１８）にしたがって測定される。 The skewness (Ssk) of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed is preferably more than 0 (a positive value). The skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed is measured according to the JIS standard (JIS B 061-2: 2018).
　以下に、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法を説明する。図５は、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法を示す工程図である。図５に示されるように、準備工程Ｓ１と、接合工程Ｓ２と、第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３とを有している。 The manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100 will be described below. FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100. As shown in FIG. 5, it has a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, and a first recess forming step S3.
　準備工程Ｓ１においては、本体部１０及び先端部２０を構成する部材が準備される。なお、準備工程Ｓ１において準備される先端部２０の表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）には、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されていない。接合工程Ｓ２においては、例えば、ろう付けにより、本体部１０と先端部２０との接合が行われる。 In the preparation step S1, the members constituting the main body portion 10 and the tip portion 20 are prepared. The first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are not formed on the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) of the tip portion 20 prepared in the preparation step S1. In the joining step S2, for example, the main body portion 10 and the tip portion 20 are joined by brazing.
　第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３においては、第１凹部２２が形成される。第１凹部２２は、レーザを表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）に照射することにより形成される。突出部２３は、隣り合う２つの第１凹部２２の端が互いに接することにより形成されるため、第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３において第１凹部２２が形成されることにより、突出部２３も形成される。 In the first recess forming step S3, the first recess 22 is formed. The first recess 22 is formed by irradiating the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) with a laser. Since the protrusion 23 is formed by the ends of two adjacent first recesses 22 contacting each other, the protrusion 23 is also formed by forming the first recess 22 in the first recess forming step S3. ..
　以下に、ボールエンドミル１００の効果を説明する。
　ボールエンドミル１００によりワークの加工が行われている際、クーラントが第１凹部２２に溜まる（第１凹部２２が油溜まりになる）ため、逃げ面（部分球面２１ａ）とワークとの間の切削抵抗が減少するとともにクーラントによる冷却効果が高まる。その結果、ボールエンドミル１００の耐久性が改善されることになる。 The effect of the ball end mill 100 will be described below.
When the work is being machined by the ball end mill 100, the coolant collects in the first recess 22 (the first recess 22 becomes an oil pool), so that the cutting resistance between the flank (partial spherical surface 21a) and the work. The cooling effect of the coolant increases as the amount of coolant decreases. As a result, the durability of the ball end mill 100 is improved.
　また、ボールエンドミル１００によりワークの加工が行われている際、切れ刃２１ｃがワークを切削するのみならず、突出部２３がワークを研削するため、被加工面の加工品位（具体的には、被加工面の面粗度）が改善される。このように、ボールエンドミル１００によると、ワークに対する加工の精度を改善することができる。 Further, when the work is being machined by the ball end mill 100, the cutting edge 21c not only cuts the work, but also the protruding portion 23 grinds the work, so that the machined surface (specifically, the work quality) is processed. Surface roughness of the work surface) is improved. As described above, according to the ball end mill 100, the processing accuracy for the work can be improved.
　深さＤ１が大きくなるほど、突出部２３がさらに鋭利になるため、被加工面の加工品位が改善される。また、深さＤ１が大きくなるほど、クーラントが第１凹部２２に溜まりやすくなる。他方で、深さＤ１が大きくなるほど、突出部２３が折損しやすくなる。そのため、深さＤ１を０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下とすることにより、ワークに対する加工の精度及びボールエンドミル１００の耐久性をさらに改善することができる。 As the depth D1 becomes larger, the protruding portion 23 becomes sharper, so that the processed quality of the surface to be machined is improved. Further, the larger the depth D1, the more easily the coolant accumulates in the first recess 22. On the other hand, the larger the depth D1, the easier it is for the protrusion 23 to break. Therefore, by setting the depth D1 to 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less, the processing accuracy for the work and the durability of the ball end mill 100 can be further improved.
　第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが大きくなるほど、ワークと接触する突出部２３が多くなる。そのため、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが０を超えている場合、ワークに対する加工の精度をさらに改善することができる。 The larger the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed, the more the protruding portion 23 comes into contact with the work. Therefore, when the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed exceeds 0, the accuracy of machining the work can be further improved.
　第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さが小さくなるほど、第１凹部２２にワークが溶着しにくくなる。そのため、第１凹部２２における算術平均粗さを０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下とすることにより、ボールエンドミル１００の耐久性を改善することができる。 The smaller the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22, the more difficult it is for the work to be welded to the first recess 22. Therefore, the durability of the ball end mill 100 can be improved by setting the arithmetic mean roughness of the first recess 22 to 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less.
　＜第１切削試験＞
　深さＤ１及び第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネスの影響を確認するために、第１切削試験を行った。以下に、この第１切削試験について説明を行う。 <First cutting test>
A first cutting test was performed to confirm the influence of the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a on the portion where the depth D1 and the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed. The first cutting test will be described below.
　第１切削試験においては、ボールエンドミル１００として、サンプル１～サンプル９が用いられた。表１に示されるように、サンプル１～サンプル９において、深さＤ１が変化された。また、サンプル１～サンプル９において、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分における部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが変化された。サンプル１～サンプル９において、直径Ｒは、０．５ｍｍとされた。サンプル１～サンプル９において、第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さは、０．１０μｍとされた。 In the first cutting test, samples 1 to 9 were used as the ball end mill 100. As shown in Table 1, the depth D1 was changed in Samples 1 to 9. Further, in Samples 1 to 9, the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed was changed. In Samples 1 to 9, the diameter R was set to 0.5 mm. In Samples 1 to 9, the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was set to 0.10 μm.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　第１切削試験においては、サンプル１～サンプル９を用いて、超硬合金ＶＦ２０製のワークに対して、球面加工が行われた。第１切削試験は、４００００回転／分、送り速度３００ｍｍ／分、切り込み量０．００５ｍｍ、切り込み幅０．００２ｍｍとの条件により行われた。第１切削試験においては、ミスト状のクーラントが供給された。 In the first cutting test, spherical processing was performed on the work made of cemented carbide VF20 using Samples 1 to 9. The first cutting test was performed under the conditions of 40,000 rotations / minute, a feed rate of 300 mm / min, a depth of cut of 0.005 mm, and a depth of cut of 0.002 mm. In the first cutting test, mist-like coolant was supplied.
　上記の球面加工の加工精度（寸法精度）は、寸法公差が±０．５μｍ以内である場合に特に良好と評価され、寸法公差が±１μｍ以内である場合に良好と評価された。 The processing accuracy (dimensional accuracy) of the above spherical surface processing was evaluated as particularly good when the dimensional tolerance was within ± 0.5 μm, and evaluated as good when the dimensional tolerance was within ± 1 μm.
　表２には、第１切削試験の結果が示されている。表２に示されるように、サンプル１～サンプル６を用いた球面加工は、特に良好な加工精度を示した。他方で、サンプル７及びサンプル８を用いた球面加工の加工精度は、良好であった。 Table 2 shows the results of the first cutting test. As shown in Table 2, the spherical surface processing using the samples 1 to 6 showed particularly good processing accuracy. On the other hand, the processing accuracy of the spherical surface processing using the sample 7 and the sample 8 was good.
　サンプル１～サンプル６においては深さＤ１が０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下の範囲内にあった一方で、サンプル７及びサンプル８においては深さＤ１が０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下の範囲内になかった。この比較から、深さＤ１を０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下とすることによりワークに対する加工精度をさらに改善可能であることが実験的に明らかにされた。 In Samples 1 to 6, the depth D1 was in the range of 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less, while in Samples 7 and 8, the depth D1 was not in the range of 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the machining accuracy for the work can be further improved by setting the depth D1 to 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less.
　サンプル１～サンプル６を用いた球面加工は、サンプル９を用いた球面加工よりも良好な加工精度を示した。サンプル１～サンプル６においては、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分での部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが、０を超えていた。サンプル９においては、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分での部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが、０未満であった。 Spherical processing using Samples 1 to 6 showed better processing accuracy than spherical processing using Sample 9. In Samples 1 to 6, the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed exceeds 0. In sample 9, the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed was less than 0.
　この比較から、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分での部分球面２１ａのスキューネスを正の値とすることにより、ワークに対する加工精度をさらに改善可能であることが実験的に明らかにされた。 From this comparison, it is experimentally clear that the machining accuracy for the work can be further improved by setting the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed to a positive value. Was made.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　＜第２切削試験＞
　第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さの影響を確認するために、第２切削試験を行った。以下に、この第２切削試験について説明を行う。 <Second cutting test>
A second cutting test was conducted to confirm the influence of the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a on the first recess 22. The second cutting test will be described below.
　第２切削試験においては、ボールエンドミル１００として、サンプル１０～サンプル１４が用いられた。サンプル１０～サンプル１４において、表３に示されるように、第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さが変化された。サンプル１０～サンプル１４においては、直径Ｒが０．５ｍｍとされ、深さＤ１が４μｍとされ、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分での部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが正の値とされた。 In the second cutting test, samples 10 to 14 were used as the ball end mill 100. In Samples 10 to 14, as shown in Table 3, the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was changed. In the samples 10 to 14, the diameter R is 0.5 mm, the depth D1 is 4 μm, and the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed is a positive value. Was said.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
　第２切削試験の加工条件は、第１切削試験の加工条件と同一とされた。第２切削試験において、サンプル１０～サンプル１４の耐久性（工具寿命）は、逃げ面（すなわち、部分球面２１ａ）における摩耗が５０μｍとなるまでの時間により評価された。 The machining conditions of the second cutting test were the same as the machining conditions of the first cutting test. In the second cutting test, the durability (tool life) of the samples 10 to 14 was evaluated by the time until the wear on the flank surface (that is, the partial spherical surface 21a) became 50 μm.
　表４には、第２切削試験の結果が示されている。表４に示されるように、サンプル１０～サンプル１３の工具寿命は、サンプル１４の工具寿命を上回っていた。サンプル１０～サンプル１３の第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さは、０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下の範囲内にあった。他方で、サンプル１４の第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さは、０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下の範囲内になかった。 Table 4 shows the results of the second cutting test. As shown in Table 4, the tool life of the samples 10 to 13 exceeded the tool life of the sample 14. The arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 of the samples 10 to 13 was in the range of 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. On the other hand, the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 of the sample 14 was not within the range of 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less.
　この比較から、第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さを０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下とすることによりボールエンドミル１００の耐久性を改善可能であることが、実験的に示された。 From this comparison, it was experimentally shown that the durability of the ball end mill 100 can be improved by setting the arithmetic mean roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 to 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less. ..
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
　（第２実施形態）
　以下に、第２実施形態に係る工具の構成を説明する。第２実施形態に係る工具は、ワークに対する加工を行うための加工工具である。より具体的には、第２実施形態に係る工具は、ボールエンドミル２００である。ここでは、ボールエンドミル１００の構成と異なる点を主に説明し、重複する説明は繰り返さない。 (Second Embodiment)
The configuration of the tool according to the second embodiment will be described below. The tool according to the second embodiment is a machining tool for machining a work. More specifically, the tool according to the second embodiment is a ball end mill 200. Here, the points different from the configuration of the ball end mill 100 will be mainly described, and the overlapping description will not be repeated.
　ボールエンドミル２００は、本体部１０と、先端部２０を有している。本体部１０は、シャンク１１と、ネック１２とを有している。先端部２０は、表面２１を有している。表面２１は、部分球面２１ａを含んでいる。部分球面２１ａには、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている。これらの点に関して、ボールエンドミル２００の構成は、ボールエンドミル１００の構成と共通している。 The ball end mill 200 has a main body portion 10 and a tip portion 20. The main body 10 has a shank 11 and a neck 12. The tip portion 20 has a surface 21. The surface 21 includes a partial spherical surface 21a. The first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the partial spherical surface 21a. In these respects, the configuration of the ball end mill 200 is common to the configuration of the ball end mill 100.
　図６は、ボールエンドミル２００の先端部２０近傍の拡大側面図である。図６に示されるように、ボールエンドミル２００においては、表面２１に溝２１ｂ及び切れ刃２１ｃが形成されていない。すなわち、ボールエンドミル２００において、表面２１は、部分球面２１ａにより構成されている。図７は、ボールエンドミル２００における部分球面２１ａの模式的な平面図である。図８は、図７のＶＩＩＩ－ＶＩＩＩにおける断面図である。図７及び図８に示されるように、部分球面２１ａには、第２凹部２４がさらに形成されている。これらの点に関して、ボールエンドミル２００の構成は、ボールエンドミル１００の構成と異なっている。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the tip portion 20 of the ball end mill 200. As shown in FIG. 6, in the ball end mill 200, the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c are not formed on the surface 21. That is, in the ball end mill 200, the surface 21 is composed of a partial spherical surface 21a. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the partial spherical surface 21a in the ball end mill 200. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a second concave portion 24 is further formed on the partial spherical surface 21a. In these respects, the configuration of the ball end mill 200 is different from the configuration of the ball end mill 100.
　第２凹部２４は、第１凹部２２とは別の凹部である。第２凹部２４において、部分球面２１ａは、窪んでいる。第２凹部２４は、例えば、第１凹部２２内に形成されている。第２凹部２４の深さを、深さＤ２とする。深さＤ２は、１μｍ以上である。深さＤ２は、例えば、２０μｍ以下である。 The second recess 24 is a recess different from the first recess 22. In the second recess 24, the partial spherical surface 21a is recessed. The second recess 24 is formed in, for example, the first recess 22. The depth of the second recess 24 is defined as the depth D2. The depth D2 is 1 μm or more. The depth D2 is, for example, 20 μm or less.
　平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径は、０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下であることが好ましい。平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径は、平面視における第２凹部２４の面積をπ／４で除した値の平方根である。表面２１における第２凹部２４の面積比率は、３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下であることが好ましい。表面２１における第２凹部２４の面積比率は、第２凹部２４が形成されている表面２１の面積を第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている表面２１の面積で除した値である。 The equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view is preferably 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. The equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in the plan view is the square root of the value obtained by dividing the area of the second recess 24 in the plan view by π / 4. The area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 is preferably 3% or more and 80% or less. The area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 is a value obtained by dividing the area of the surface 21 on which the second recess 24 is formed by the area of the surface 21 on which the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed.
　以下に、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法を説明する。ここでは、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法と異なる点を主に説明し、重複する説明は繰り返さないものとする。 The manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 will be described below. Here, the points different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100 will be mainly described, and duplicate explanations will not be repeated.
　図９は、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法を示す工程図である。図９に示されるように、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法は、準備工程Ｓ１と、接合工程Ｓ２と、第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３とを有している。この点に関して、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法は、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法と異なっている。ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法は、第２凹部形成工程Ｓ４をさらに有している。この点に関して、ボールエンドミル２００の製造方法は、ボールエンドミル１００の製造方法と異なっている。 FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200. As shown in FIG. 9, the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 includes a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, and a first recess forming step S3. In this respect, the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 is different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100. The method for manufacturing the ball end mill 200 further includes a second recess forming step S4. In this respect, the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 200 is different from the manufacturing method of the ball end mill 100.
　第２凹部形成工程Ｓ４においては、第２凹部２４の形成が行われる。第２凹部２４の形成においては、第１に、金属粉末が、表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）に配置される。この金属粉末には、ダイヤモンドと親和性の高い金属（例えば、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル）が選択される。 In the second recess forming step S4, the second recess 24 is formed. In the formation of the second recess 24, first, the metal powder is arranged on the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a). For this metal powder, a metal having a high affinity for diamond (for example, iron, cobalt, nickel) is selected.
　第２に、表面２１を加熱することにより、上記の金属粉末と先端部２０中に含まれているダイヤモンドとを反応させる。その結果、上記の金属粉末が付着していた部分の表面２１からダイヤモンドが除去され、第２凹部２４が形成される。 Second, by heating the surface 21, the above metal powder is reacted with the diamond contained in the tip portion 20. As a result, diamond is removed from the surface 21 of the portion to which the metal powder has adhered, and the second recess 24 is formed.
　上記の第２凹部２４の形成方法から明らかなように、第２凹部２４の円相当径は上記の配置する金属粉末の粒径を調整することにより変更可能であり、第２凹部２４の面積比率は上記の配置する金属粉末の量を調整することにより変更可能である。なお、第２凹部２４の形成方法は、上記の例に限られない。第２凹部２４は、例えば表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）に対してレーザを照射することにより形成されてもよい。 As is clear from the method for forming the second recess 24, the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 can be changed by adjusting the particle size of the metal powder to be arranged, and the area ratio of the second recess 24 can be changed. Can be changed by adjusting the amount of the metal powder to be arranged. The method of forming the second recess 24 is not limited to the above example. The second recess 24 may be formed, for example, by irradiating the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) with a laser.
　以下に、ボールエンドミル２００の効果を説明する。ここでは、ボールエンドミル１００の効果と異なる点を主に説明し、重複する説明は繰り返さない。 The effect of the ball end mill 200 will be described below. Here, the points different from the effect of the ball end mill 100 will be mainly described, and the overlapping description will not be repeated.
　ボールエンドミル２００は、切れ刃２１ｃを有していない。しかしながら、第２凹部２４が微少な切れ刃として作用する。また、第１凹部２２も、切れ刃として作用する。他方で、第２凹部２４の深さ（深さＤ２）が１μｍ未満である場合、第２凹部２４が切れ刃として作用しにくい。また、深さＤ２が１μｍ未満である場合、ワークから発生する切屑が第２凹部２４に詰まってしまい、溶着の起点になりやすい。その結果、表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）の摩耗が進行しやすい。このように、深さＤ２が１μｍ以上の第２凹部２４を有するボールエンドミル２００によると、工具の耐久性を確保しながら、ワークの加工を行うことができる。 The ball end mill 200 does not have a cutting edge 21c. However, the second recess 24 acts as a fine cutting edge. The first recess 22 also acts as a cutting edge. On the other hand, when the depth (depth D2) of the second recess 24 is less than 1 μm, the second recess 24 is unlikely to act as a cutting edge. Further, when the depth D2 is less than 1 μm, chips generated from the work are clogged in the second recess 24, which tends to be the starting point of welding. As a result, wear of the surface 21 (partial spherical surface 21a) tends to proceed. As described above, according to the ball end mill 200 having the second recess 24 having a depth D2 of 1 μm or more, the work can be machined while ensuring the durability of the tool.
　平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径が過大であると、第２凹部２４が切れ刃として作用しにくくなる。また、平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径が過小であると、第２凹部２４に切屑が詰まりやすくなる。そのため、平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径を０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下とすることにより、工具の耐久性をさらに改善しつつ、ワークの加工を行うことができる。 If the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view is excessive, the second recess 24 is less likely to act as a cutting edge. Further, if the diameter corresponding to the circle of the second recess 24 in a plan view is too small, the second recess 24 is likely to be clogged with chips. Therefore, by setting the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view to 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less, the work can be machined while further improving the durability of the tool.
　第２凹部２４の面積割合が過小であると、切れ刃として機能する第２凹部２４の数が少ない。また、第２凹部２４の面積割合が過大であると、切れ刃として機能する第２凹部２４の割合が減少するとともに、切れ刃（第２凹部２４）１つあたりの負荷が高くなり、表面２１（部分球面２１ａ）の摩耗が進行しやすくなる。そのため、第２凹部２４の面積割合を３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下することにより、工具の耐久性をさらに改善しつつ、ワークの加工を行うことができる。 If the area ratio of the second recess 24 is too small, the number of the second recess 24 that functions as a cutting edge is small. Further, if the area ratio of the second recess 24 is excessive, the ratio of the second recess 24 that functions as a cutting edge decreases, and the load per cutting edge (second recess 24) increases, so that the surface 21 Wear of (partial spherical surface 21a) is likely to progress. Therefore, by setting the area ratio of the second recess 24 to 3% or more and 80% or less, it is possible to process the work while further improving the durability of the tool.
　＜第３切削試験＞
　第２凹部２４の深さ（深さＤ２）、平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径及び第２凹部２４の面積割合の影響を確認するために、第３切削試験を行った。以下に、この第３切削試験について説明を行う。 <Third cutting test>
A third cutting test was performed to confirm the influence of the depth of the second recess 24 (depth D2), the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 and the area ratio of the second recess 24 in a plan view. The third cutting test will be described below.
　第３切削試験においては、ボールエンドミル２００として、サンプル１５～サンプル２５が用いられた。サンプル１５～サンプル２５において、表５に示されるように、深さＤ２、平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径及び第２凹部２４の面積割合が変化された。サンプル１５～サンプル２５においては、直径Ｒが０．５ｍｍとされ、深さＤ１が４μｍとされ、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている部分での部分球面２１ａのスキューネスが正の値とされ、第１凹部２２における部分球面２１ａの算術平均粗さが０．１０μｍとされた。 In the third cutting test, samples 15 to 25 were used as the ball end mill 200. In Samples 15 to 25, as shown in Table 5, the depth D2, the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in plan view, and the area ratio of the second recess 24 were changed. In the samples 15 to 25, the diameter R is 0.5 mm, the depth D1 is 4 μm, and the skewness of the partial spherical surface 21a at the portion where the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed is a positive value. The arithmetic average roughness of the partial spherical surface 21a in the first recess 22 was set to 0.10 μm.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000005
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000005
　第３切削試験の加工条件は、第１切削試験の加工条件と同一とされた。第３切削試験において、サンプル１５～サンプル２５の耐久性（工具寿命）は、逃げ面（すなわち、部分球面２１ａ）における摩耗が５０μｍになるまでの時間により評価された。第３切削試験の結果は、表６に示されている。 The machining conditions of the third cutting test were the same as the machining conditions of the first cutting test. In the third cutting test, the durability (tool life) of the samples 15 to 25 was evaluated by the time until the wear on the flank surface (that is, the partial spherical surface 21a) reached 50 μm. The results of the third cutting test are shown in Table 6.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000006
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000006
　サンプル１５～サンプル２０の工具寿命は、サンプル２１の工具寿命を上回っていた。サンプル１５～サンプル２０の深さＤ２は、１μｍ以上の範囲内にあった。他方で、サンプル２１の深さＤ２は、１μｍ以上の範囲内になかった。この比較から、深さＤ２を１μｍ以上とすることによりボールエンドミル２００の工具寿命が改善されることが、実験的に明らかにされた。 The tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of sample 21. The depth D2 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 1 μm or more. On the other hand, the depth D2 of sample 21 was not within the range of 1 μm or more. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the depth D2 to 1 μm or more.
　サンプル１５～サンプル２０の工具寿命は、サンプル２２及びサンプル２３の工具寿命を上回っていた。サンプル１５～サンプル２０の第２凹部２４の円相当径は、０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下の範囲内にあった。他方で、サンプル２２及びサンプル２３の第２凹部２４の円相当径は、０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下の範囲内になかった。この比較から、平面視における第２凹部２４の円相当径を０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下とすることによりボールエンドミル２００の工具寿命が改善されることが、実験的に明らかにされた。 The tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of samples 22 and 23. The equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. On the other hand, the equivalent circle diameters of the second recesses 24 of the sample 22 and the sample 23 were not within the range of 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the equivalent circle diameter of the second recess 24 in a plan view to 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
　サンプル１５～サンプル２０の工具寿命は、サンプル２４及びサンプル２５の工具寿命を上回っていた。サンプル１５～サンプル２０の表面２１における第２凹部２４の面積割合は、３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下の範囲内にあった。他方で、サンプル２２及びサンプル２３の表面２１における第２凹部２４の面積割合は、３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下の範囲内になかった。この比較から、表面２１における第２凹部２４の面積割合を３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下とすることによりボールエンドミル２００の工具寿命が改善されることが、実験的に明らかにされた。 The tool life of samples 15 to 20 exceeded the tool life of samples 24 and 25. The area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 of the samples 15 to 20 was within the range of 3% or more and 80% or less. On the other hand, the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 of the sample 22 and the sample 23 was not within the range of 3% or more and 80% or less. From this comparison, it was experimentally clarified that the tool life of the ball end mill 200 is improved by setting the area ratio of the second recess 24 on the surface 21 to 3% or more and 80% or less.
　＜変形例＞
　上記の例においては、ボールエンドミル２００が溝２１ｂ及び切れ刃２１ｃを有しないとしたが、ボールエンドミル２００は、溝２１ｂ及び切れ刃２１ｃを有していてもよい。 <Modification example>
In the above example, the ball end mill 200 does not have the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c, but the ball end mill 200 may have the groove 21b and the cutting edge 21c.
　（第３実施形態）
　以下に、第３実施形態に係る工具の構成を説明する。第３実施形態に係る工具は、ワークに対する切削加工を行うための切削工具である。より具体的には、第３実施形態に係る工具は、切削インサート３００である。 (Third Embodiment)
The configuration of the tool according to the third embodiment will be described below. The tool according to the third embodiment is a cutting tool for cutting a work. More specifically, the tool according to the third embodiment is a cutting insert 300.
　図１０は、切削インサート３００の斜視図である。図１１は、切削インサート３００の先端部２０における断面図である。図１０及び図１１に示されるように、切削インサート３００は、基体３０と、先端部２０とを有している。 FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 300. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion 20 of the cutting insert 300. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the cutting insert 300 has a substrate 30 and a tip portion 20.
　基体３０は、第１面３０ａと、第２面３０ｂと、側面３０ｃとを有している。第２面３０ｂは、第１面３０ａの反対面である。側面３０ｃは、第１面３０ａ及び第２面３０ｂに連なっている。基体３０は、取り付け部３１を有している。取り付け部３１は、第１面３０ａに直交する方向から見て、基体３０の角部に位置している。 The substrate 30 has a first surface 30a, a second surface 30b, and a side surface 30c. The second surface 30b is the opposite surface of the first surface 30a. The side surface 30c is continuous with the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b. The substrate 30 has a mounting portion 31. The mounting portion 31 is located at a corner portion of the substrate 30 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first surface 30a.
　取り付け部３１に位置する第１面３０ａと第２面３０ｂとの間の距離は、取り付け部３１以外に位置する第１面３０ａと第２面３０ｂとの間の距離よりも小さくなっている。すなわち、基体３０の第１面３０ａ側には、取り付け部３１において、段差が形成されている。基体３０は、例えば、超硬合金により形成されている。 The distance between the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b located on the mounting portion 31 is smaller than the distance between the first surface 30a and the second surface 30b located outside the mounting portion 31. That is, a step is formed in the mounting portion 31 on the first surface 30a side of the substrate 30. The substrate 30 is formed of, for example, a cemented carbide.
　先端部２０は、取り付け部３１に、ろう付け等により取り付けられている。先端部２０の表面２１は、すくい面２１ｄと、逃げ面２１ｅと、切れ刃２１ｆとを有している。すくい面２１ｄは、逃げ面２１ｅに連なっている。すくい面２１ｄは、逃げ面２１ｅとは反対側において、第１面３０ａに連なっている。逃げ面２１ｅは、すくい面２１ｄとは反対側において、側面３０ｃに連なっている。切れ刃２１ｆは、すくい面２１ｄと逃げ面２１ｅとの稜線に形成されている。 The tip portion 20 is attached to the attachment portion 31 by brazing or the like. The surface 21 of the tip portion 20 has a rake surface 21d, a flank surface 21e, and a cutting edge 21f. The rake face 21d is connected to the flank surface 21e. The rake face 21d is connected to the first surface 30a on the side opposite to the flank surface 21e. The flank 21e is connected to the side surface 30c on the opposite side of the rake face 21d. The cutting edge 21f is formed on the ridgeline between the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e.
　すくい面２１ｄは、第１部分２１ｄａと、第２部分２１ｄｂとを有している。第１部分２１ｄａは、逃げ面２１ｅに連なっているすくい面２１ｄの部分である。第２部分２１ｄｂは、切れ刃２１ｆとの間で第１部分２１ｄａを挟み込んでいる部分である。 The rake face 21d has a first portion 21da and a second portion 21db. The first portion 21da is a portion of the rake face 21d connected to the flank surface 21e. The second portion 21db is a portion sandwiching the first portion 21da with the cutting edge 21f.
　第１部分２１ｄａは、第２部分２１ｄｂに対して負角をなすように、第２部分２１ｄｂに対して傾斜している。第１部分２１ｄａが第２部分２１ｄｂに対して負角をなしている場合とは、第２部分２１ｄｂが上方を向いており、かつ逃げ面２１ｅが左方を向いている際に、第１部分２１ｄａが第２部分２１ｄｂに対して反時計回りに回転している場合をいう。このことを別の観点から言えば、第１部分２１ｄａは、ネガランドになっている。 The first portion 21da is inclined with respect to the second portion 21db so as to form a negative angle with respect to the second portion 21db. When the first portion 21da has a negative angle with respect to the second portion 21db, the first portion is when the second portion 21db faces upward and the flank 21e faces to the left. The case where 21da is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the second portion 21db. From another point of view, the first part 21da is a negative land.
　第１凹部２２及び突出部２３は、すくい面２１ｄ及び逃げ面２１ｅに形成されている。より具体的には、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３は、第１部分２１ｄａ及び逃げ面２１ｅに形成されている。すくい面２１ｄ（第１部分２１ｄａ）及び逃げ面２１ｅには、第２凹部２４がさらに形成されていてもよい。 The first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e. More specifically, the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed on the first portion 21da and the flank 21e. A second recess 24 may be further formed on the rake face 21d (first portion 21da) and the flank 21e.
　以下に、切削インサート３００の製造方法を説明する。
　図１２は、切削インサート３００の製造方法を示す工程図である。図１２に示されるように、切削インサート３００の製造方法は、準備工程Ｓ１と、接合工程Ｓ２と、面形成工程Ｓ５と、第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３とを有している。切削インサート３００の製造方法は、第２凹部形成工程Ｓ４をさらに有していてもよい。 The manufacturing method of the cutting insert 300 will be described below.
FIG. 12 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing the cutting insert 300. As shown in FIG. 12, the method for manufacturing the cutting insert 300 includes a preparation step S1, a joining step S2, a surface forming step S5, and a first recess forming step S3. The method for manufacturing the cutting insert 300 may further include a second recess forming step S4.
　準備工程Ｓ１においては、基体３０及び先端部２０を構成する部材が準備される。準備工程Ｓ１において準備される先端部２０の表面２１には、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されていない。接合工程Ｓ２においては、例えば、ろう付けにより、基体３０と先端部２０との接合が行われる。 In the preparation step S1, the members constituting the substrate 30 and the tip portion 20 are prepared. The first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are not formed on the surface 21 of the tip portion 20 prepared in the preparation step S1. In the joining step S2, for example, the substrate 30 and the tip portion 20 are joined by brazing.
　面形成工程Ｓ５においては、表面２１に、すくい面２１ｄ及び逃げ面２１ｅが形成される。すくい面２１ｄの形成及び逃げ面２１ｅの形成は、例えば、表面２１にレーザを照射することにより行われる。面形成工程Ｓ５においては、すくい面２１ｄ及び逃げ面２１ｅが形成される結果、切れ刃２１ｆも形成される。第１凹部形成工程Ｓ３及び第２凹部形成工程Ｓ４は、上記のとおりであるため、ここでは説明を省略する。 In the surface forming step S5, the rake surface 21d and the flank surface 21e are formed on the surface 21. The formation of the rake face 21d and the formation of the flank surface 21e are performed, for example, by irradiating the surface 21 with a laser. In the surface forming step S5, as a result of forming the rake face 21d and the flank surface 21e, the cutting edge 21f is also formed. Since the first recess forming step S3 and the second recess forming step S4 are as described above, the description thereof will be omitted here.
　以下に、切削インサート３００の効果を説明する。
　切削インサート３００によりワークの加工が行われている際、クーラントが第１凹部２２に溜まる（第１凹部２２が油溜まりになる）ため、表面２１とワークとの間の切削抵抗が減少するとともにクーラントによる冷却効果が高まる。その結果、切削インサート３００の耐久性が改善されることになる。 The effect of the cutting insert 300 will be described below.
When the work is being machined by the cutting insert 300, the coolant collects in the first recess 22 (the first recess 22 becomes an oil pool), so that the cutting resistance between the surface 21 and the work decreases and the coolant The cooling effect is enhanced. As a result, the durability of the cutting insert 300 is improved.
　また、切削インサート３００によりワークの加工が行われている際、切れ刃２１ｆがワークを切削するのみならず、逃げ面２１ｅに形成された突出部２３がワークを研削するため、被加工面の加工品位（被加工面の面粗度）が改善される。このように、切削インサート３００によると、ワークに対する加工の精度を改善することができる。 Further, when the work is being machined by the cutting insert 300, the cutting edge 21f not only cuts the work, but also the protrusion 23 formed on the flank surface 21e grinds the work, so that the machined surface is machined. Quality (surface roughness of the surface to be machined) is improved. As described above, according to the cutting insert 300, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy for the work.
　＜変形例＞
　上記の第３実施形態の内容は、切削インサート３００以外の切削工具にも適用することができる。図１３は、ラジアスエンドミル４００の側面図である。上記の第３実施形態の内容は、例えば、図１３に示されるようなラジアスエンドミル４００に適用することができる。より具体的には、ラジアスエンドミル４００の先端部２０に形成された逃げ面及びすくい面に第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成される。 <Modification example>
The contents of the above third embodiment can be applied to cutting tools other than the cutting insert 300. FIG. 13 is a side view of the radius end mill 400. The contents of the third embodiment described above can be applied to, for example, a radius end mill 400 as shown in FIG. More specifically, the first concave portion 22 and the protruding portion 23 are formed on the flank surface and the rake surface formed on the tip portion 20 of the radius end mill 400.
　（第４実施形態）
　以下に、第４実施形態に係る工具の構成を説明する。第４実施形態に係る工具は、ワークの表面粗さ又は形状を測定するための測定工具である。より具体的には、第４実施形態に係る工具は、スタイラス５００である。 (Fourth Embodiment)
The configuration of the tool according to the fourth embodiment will be described below. The tool according to the fourth embodiment is a measuring tool for measuring the surface roughness or shape of the work. More specifically, the tool according to the fourth embodiment is a stylus 500.
　図１４は、スタイラス５００の側面図である。図１４に示されるように、スタイラス５００は、先端部２０を有している。スタイラス５００は、表面２１がワークの表面に接触するようにワーク上において走査される。これにより、ワークの表面粗さ又は形状が測定される。表面２１には、第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されている。表面２１には、第２凹部２４がさらに形成されてもよい。 FIG. 14 is a side view of the stylus 500. As shown in FIG. 14, the stylus 500 has a tip 20. The stylus 500 is scanned on the work so that the surface 21 is in contact with the surface of the work. As a result, the surface roughness or shape of the work is measured. A first recess 22 and a protrusion 23 are formed on the surface 21. A second recess 24 may be further formed on the surface 21.
　以下に、スタイラス５００の効果を説明する。
　表面２１には第１凹部２２及び突出部２３が形成されているため、スタイラス５００を走査する際のワークの表面と表面２１との間の接触抵抗を減少させることができる。 The effect of the stylus 500 will be described below.
Since the first recess 22 and the protrusion 23 are formed on the surface 21, the contact resistance between the surface of the work and the surface 21 when scanning the stylus 500 can be reduced.
　今回開示された実施の形態は全ての点で例示であって、制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記した実施の形態ではなく、請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内での全ての変更が含まれることが意図される。 It should be considered that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and are not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims, not the embodiment described above, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.
　１０　本体部、１０ａ　第１端、１０ｂ　第２端、１１　シャンク、１１ａ　第１端、１１ｂ　第２端、１２　ネック、１２ａ　第１端、１２ｂ　第２端、１３　接続層、２０　先端部、２１　表面、２１ａ　部分球面、２１ｂ　溝、２１ｃ　切れ刃、２１ｄ　すくい面、２１ｄａ　第１部分、２１ｄｂ　第２部分、２１ｅ　逃げ面、２１ｆ　切れ刃、２２　第１凹部、２３　突出部、２４　第２凹部、３０　基体、３０ａ　第１面、３０ｂ　第２面、３０ｃ　側面、３１　取り付け部、１００　ボールエンドミル、２００　ボールエンドミル、３００　切削インサート、４００　ラジアスエンドミル、５００　スタイラス、Ａ　回転軸、Ｄ１，Ｄ２　深さ、Ｒ　直径、Ｓ１　準備工程、Ｓ２　接合工程、Ｓ３　第１凹部形成工程、Ｓ４　第２凹部形成工程、Ｓ５　面形成工程。 10 Main body, 10a 1st end, 10b 2nd end, 11 shank, 11a 1st end, 11b 2nd end, 12 neck, 12a 1st end, 12b 2nd end, 13 connection layer, 20 tip, 21 surface , 21a partial spherical surface, 21b groove, 21c cutting edge, 21d rake surface, 21da first part, 21db second part, 21e flank surface, 21f cutting edge, 22 first recess, 23 protrusion, 24 second recess, 30 substrate , 30a 1st surface, 30b 2nd surface, 30c side surface, 31 mounting part, 100 ball end mill, 200 ball end mill, 300 cutting insert, 400 radius end mill, 500 stylus, A rotation axis, D1, D2 depth, R diameter, S1 preparation step, S2 joining step, S3 first recess forming step, S4 second recess forming step, S5 surface forming step.

Claims (14)

  1. 　ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成された先端部を備える工具であって、
    　前記先端部は、ワークと接触する表面を有し、
    　前記表面の少なくとも一部は、複数の第１凹部と、隣り合う２つの前記第１凹部の端が互いに接触することにより形成される突出部とを含む、工具。     A tool with a tip formed of nanopolycrystalline diamond,
    The tip has a surface that comes into contact with the work.
    A tool, wherein at least a portion of the surface comprises a plurality of first recesses and protrusions formed by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses with each other.
  2. 　前記工具は、前記ワークの表面粗さ又は形状を測定するための測定工具である、請求項１に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is a measuring tool for measuring the surface roughness or shape of the work.
  3. 　前記工具は、前記ワークを加工するための加工工具である、請求項１に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is a machining tool for machining the work.
  4. 　前記表面は、部分球面を含む、請求項３に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 3, wherein the surface includes a partial spherical surface.
  5. 　前記表面は、溝と、前記溝及び前記部分球面の稜線に形成された切れ刃とを含む、請求項４に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 4, wherein the surface includes a groove and a cutting edge formed on the groove and the ridgeline of the partial spherical surface.
  6. 　前記工具は、前記ワークの切削を行うための切削工具であり、
    　前記表面は、すくい面と、前記すくい面に連なる逃げ面と、前記すくい面及び前記逃げ面の稜線に形成された切れ刃とを含む、請求項１に記載の工具。     The tool is a cutting tool for cutting the work.
    The tool according to claim 1, wherein the surface includes a rake face, a flank connected to the rake face, and a cutting edge formed on the rake face and the ridgeline of the flank.
  7. 　前記第１凹部の深さは、０．０５μｍ以上２０μｍ以下である、請求項３から請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の工具。 The tool according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the depth of the first recess is 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less.
  8. 　前記第１凹部における前記表面の算術平均粗さは、０．０５μｍ以上１．５μｍ以下である、請求項３から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の工具。 The tool according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the arithmetic average roughness of the surface of the first recess is 0.05 μm or more and 1.5 μm or less.
  9. 　前記第１凹部及び前記突出部が形成されている前記表面の部分におけるスキューネスパラメータは、０を超えている、請求項３から請求項８のいずれか１項に記載の工具。 The tool according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the skewness parameter in the surface portion where the first recess and the protrusion are formed exceeds 0.
  10. 　前記表面の少なくとも一部は、前記第１凹部とは別の第２凹部を含み、
    　前記第２凹部の深さは、１μｍ以上である、請求項３から請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の工具。     At least a part of the surface includes a second recess different from the first recess.
    The tool according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the depth of the second recess is 1 μm or more.
  11. 　平面視における前記第２凹部の円相当径は、０．５μｍ以上５０μｍ以下である、請求項１０に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 10, wherein the diameter equivalent to a circle of the second concave portion in a plan view is 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
  12. 　前記表面における前記第２凹部の面積割合は、３パーセント以上８０パーセント以下である、請求項１０又は請求項１１に記載の工具。 The tool according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the area ratio of the second recess on the surface is 3% or more and 80% or less.
  13. 　ナノ多結晶ダイヤモンドにより形成された先端部を準備する工程と、
    　レーザを照射することにより、前記先端部の表面の少なくとも一部に、複数の第１凹部を形成する工程とを備え、
    　隣り合う２つの前記第１凹部の端が接することにより、前記先端部の表面の一部に、突出部が形成される、工具の製造方法。     The process of preparing the tip formed by nanopolycrystalline diamond,
    A step of forming a plurality of first recesses on at least a part of the surface of the tip portion by irradiating the laser is provided.
    A method for manufacturing a tool, in which a protrusion is formed on a part of the surface of the tip by contacting the ends of two adjacent first recesses.
  14. 　レーザを照射することにより、前記先端部の前記表面に、すくい面及び前記すくい面に連なる逃げ面を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項１３に記載の工具の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a tool according to claim 13, further comprising a step of forming a rake face and a flank surface connected to the rake face on the surface of the tip portion by irradiating the laser.
PCT/JP2020/024460 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Tool and tool production method WO2021260776A1 (en)

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