WO2021253876A1 - 光伏快速关断***的控制方法及其应用装置和*** - Google Patents
光伏快速关断***的控制方法及其应用装置和*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021253876A1 WO2021253876A1 PCT/CN2021/079463 CN2021079463W WO2021253876A1 WO 2021253876 A1 WO2021253876 A1 WO 2021253876A1 CN 2021079463 W CN2021079463 W CN 2021079463W WO 2021253876 A1 WO2021253876 A1 WO 2021253876A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation, and more specifically, relates to a control method of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system and an application device and system thereof.
- photovoltaic power generation technology As a renewable energy power generation technology, photovoltaic power generation technology has been widely used.
- the photovoltaic array in the photovoltaic system outputs direct current, which is converted into alternating current by an inverter and then transmitted to the grid.
- the voltage of the series photovoltaic array is very high.
- it is required to be shut down quickly when a safety fault occurs; when the safety fault disappears, it is required to resume power generation, that is, each photovoltaic system in the photovoltaic system
- the module switcher is turned on again, so that the photovoltaic module connected to it can realize electric energy output.
- the central controller in order to start the photovoltaic module switcher, the central controller needs to continuously send the heartbeat communication signal, or the switch-off control module located on the DC bus needs to send the periodic excitation pulse source; and in these two solutions, not only The corresponding sending module needs to be added to the photovoltaic inverter system, and an additional receiving module is also needed in the photovoltaic module switch-off, which increases the rapid shutdown cost of the photovoltaic system.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a control method of a photovoltaic fast shutdown system and an application device and system thereof, which are used to reduce the number of photovoltaic module shutdown devices on the basis of realizing the startup and fast shutdown of the photovoltaic system.
- the receiving module thereby reducing the hardware cost of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- the first aspect of the present invention discloses a control method of a photovoltaic quick shutdown system, including:
- the inverter system in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system determines whether the photovoltaic fast shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state; if the photovoltaic fast shutdown system does not need to enter a preset safe state, the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is Turn off the DC bus in the system to apply voltage and/or current fluctuations; otherwise, stop applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus;
- the photovoltaic module shut-off device in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system determines whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions; if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions; Or if the current meets the preset condition, control/maintain itself to turn on; otherwise, control/maintain itself to turn off.
- the time interval during which the inverter system applies voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus is less than the fast shutdown time of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system; and/or,
- the duration during which the inverter system stops applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus is greater than or equal to the fast turn-off time.
- the preset safety state is: each photovoltaic component switch-off device restricts the corresponding photovoltaic component to realize electric energy output, so that the voltage of the DC bus is less than the preset voltage value within the first preset time.
- the method before applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system, the method further includes:
- the inverter system judges whether the photovoltaic fast shutdown system has a fault; if there is no fault, executes the steps of applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system; otherwise, executes the stop The step of applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus.
- the fault includes: at least one of a grid voltage failure, a grid frequency failure, a ground impedance failure, a DC arcing failure, a manual pressing of a quick turn-off control switch, and a manual shutdown failure.
- the preset condition includes: a fluctuation greater than a corresponding threshold occurs within a second preset time; wherein the second preset time is less than the fast shutdown time of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- the photovoltaic module shut-off device in the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system is based on its own output
- the parameters to determine whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected meet the preset conditions include:
- the photovoltaic module shutdown device extracts the effective value of the AC ripple within the second preset time from the output parameter, and determines whether the effective value is greater than or equal to the set AC ripple value; if the effective value is Is greater than or equal to the preset AC ripple value, then it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself meets the preset conditions; otherwise, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself does not meet the said Pre-conditions.
- the photovoltaic module shut-off device in the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system is based on its own output
- the parameters to determine whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected meet the preset conditions include:
- the photovoltaic module switch-off device determines whether the difference between the average value of the output parameter of the two current stable periods before and after the moment when the output parameter fluctuation is detected within the second preset time is greater than the corresponding preset value; if the average value of the output parameter is different If the value is greater than the corresponding preset value, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself meets the preset condition; otherwise, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself does not meet the preset condition condition.
- the output parameters include the output voltage value
- the photovoltaic module switch-off in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system judges itself based on its own output parameters Whether the voltage and/or current of the connected DC bus meet the preset conditions include:
- the photovoltaic module shut-off device determines whether the voltage before and after the voltage fluctuation is greater than the preset voltage value at the time when the voltage fluctuation is detected within the second preset time; if the voltage before and after the voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage value, it determines itself The voltage of the connected DC bus satisfies the preset condition; otherwise, it is determined that the voltage of the DC bus to which it is connected does not meet the preset condition.
- the second aspect of the present invention discloses an inverter system, including: a DC voltage control circuit and an inverter;
- the output terminal of the DC voltage control circuit is connected to the positive pole and/or the negative pole of the DC bus;
- the DC side of the inverter is connected with the positive and negative poles of the DC bus in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system;
- the inverter combined with the DC voltage control circuit enables the inverter system to determine whether the photovoltaic fast shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state; if the photovoltaic fast shutdown system does not need to enter a preset safe state State, apply voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus; otherwise, stop applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus.
- the inverter is used for:
- the DC voltage control circuit is: a starting voltage module whose input terminal is connected to an energy storage system or a power grid;
- the start-up voltage module is used to, according to the control of the inverter, apply/stop applying DC voltages of different amplitudes to the corresponding DC bus multiple times.
- the starting voltage module includes: a transformer, a diode rectifier bridge, and a starting DC/DC circuit;
- the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the power grid
- the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the input end of the diode rectifier bridge;
- the positive and negative poles of the output ends of the diode rectifier bridge are respectively connected to one end of the start-up DC/DC circuit;
- the other end of the start-up DC/DC circuit is used as the output end of the start-up voltage module.
- the transformer is an isolation power frequency transformer or a high frequency isolation transformer
- the starting DC/DC circuit is a buck circuit, a boost circuit or a buck-boost circuit.
- the DC voltage control circuit is a DC voltage controller independently arranged on the DC bus, and the communication mode between the DC voltage controller and the inverter is: power line carrier, wireless communication or Wired communication.
- the DC voltage controller is also used to realize the maximum power point tracking of the DC bus.
- the third aspect of the present invention discloses a photovoltaic fast shutdown system, including: at least one shutdown system and at least one inverter system according to any one of the second aspect of the present invention, the shutdown system includes: a DC bus, At least N photovoltaic modules and N photovoltaic module switch-offs, N is a positive integer, where:
- each of the photovoltaic module shutdown devices are cascaded, and the input terminals of each photovoltaic module shutdown device are respectively connected to the output terminals of each corresponding photovoltaic module; each photovoltaic module is turned off
- the cascaded positive pole of the inverter is connected to the positive pole of the corresponding DC interface of the inverter system through the DC bus positive pole;
- the cascaded negative pole of each photovoltaic module switch is connected to the inverter system through the DC bus negative pole
- the corresponding DC interface is connected to the negative pole.
- the photovoltaic module shutdown device includes: a switch unit, a drive circuit, a processor, a parameter sampling unit, a bypass diode, and an output voltage stabilizing capacitor;
- the switch unit is arranged on the positive branch or the negative branch of the photovoltaic module switch, and is used to switch on or off the photovoltaic module switch according to the control of the processor;
- the parameter collection module is configured to collect output parameters of the photovoltaic module switch, and output the collected output parameters to the processor;
- the bypass diode is used to realize the bypass function of the photovoltaic module shut-off device when the photovoltaic module shut-off device is turned off;
- the output voltage stabilizing capacitor is used to stabilize the output voltage of the photovoltaic module shutdown device
- the output terminal of the processor is connected to the control terminal of the switch unit through the drive circuit; the processor is used to combine the parameter acquisition module, the drive circuit, the output voltage stabilizing capacitor, and the switch unit , Enabling the photovoltaic module switch-off device to determine whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected meets the preset conditions according to its own output parameters; if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected meets the preset conditions Preset conditions, then control/maintain self-opening; otherwise, control/maintain self-closing.
- the parameter collection module includes: an output voltage collection unit and an output current collection unit;
- the output current collection unit is used to collect the output current of the photovoltaic module switch
- the output voltage collecting unit is used to collect the output voltage of the photovoltaic module switch.
- the parameter collection module further includes: an input voltage collection unit for collecting the input voltage of the photovoltaic module switch.
- the current collection unit is arranged on the negative branch of the photovoltaic module shut-off device, between the anode of the bypass diode and the output terminal negative electrode of the photovoltaic module shut-off device; or,
- the current sampling unit is arranged on the negative branch of the photovoltaic module switcher, between the anode of the bypass diode and the negative input of the output voltage collecting unit; or,
- the current collection unit is arranged on the positive branch of the photovoltaic module switch, between the cathode of the bypass diode and the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch; or,
- the current collection unit is arranged on the positive branch of the photovoltaic module switch, between the cathode of the bypass diode and the positive input terminal of the output voltage collection unit.
- the switch unit includes at least one switch tube module
- the input terminal of the switch tube module serves as the input terminal of the switch unit, and the output terminal of the switch tube module serves as the output terminal of the switch unit;
- the switch The control terminal of the module serves as the control terminal of the switch unit;
- the input end of the series branch formed by each of the switch tube modules in series is used as the input end of the switch unit, and the output end of the series branch is used as the switch The output terminal of the unit; the control terminal of each switch module is used as the control terminal of the switch unit.
- the inverter system in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system determines whether the photovoltaic fast shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state; The system does not need to enter the preset safe state, then apply voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system; otherwise, stop applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus; the photovoltaic fast shutdown system of the photovoltaic components
- the switch judges whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions; if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions, it controls/maintains Turn on itself; otherwise, control/maintain its own turn off; therefore, the photovoltaic module switcher performs turn-on or turn-off based on the fluctuation of the DC bus voltage and/or current, that is, it only passes through its own original sampling device, The switch-on/off
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control method of a photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another control method of a photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another current disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the voltage of a DC bus and the output voltage of a photovoltaic module switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module shut-off device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an inverter system in a photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another inverter system in a photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another inverter system in a photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a starting voltage module in an inverter system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic quick shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the terms “include”, “include” or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes no Other elements clearly listed, or also include elements inherent to this process, method, article, or equipment. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence “including a" does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or equipment that includes the element.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a control method of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, which is used to solve the problem that an additional receiving module needs to be provided in the photovoltaic module shutdown device in the prior art, thereby increasing the hardware cost of the photovoltaic module shutdown device.
- the photovoltaic fast shutdown system includes: at least one shutdown system and at least one inverter system 204, the shutdown system includes: a DC bus 203, at least N photovoltaic modules 201, and N photovoltaic module shutoffs 202, N is a positive integer, where:
- each photovoltaic module switch 202 In the shutdown system, the output terminals of each photovoltaic module switch 202 are cascaded, and the input terminals of each photovoltaic module switch 202 are respectively connected to the output terminals of each corresponding photovoltaic module 201; each photovoltaic module switch 202 has a stage The connected positive pole is connected to the positive pole of the corresponding DC interface of the inverter system 204 through the positive pole of the DC bus 203; the cascaded negative pole of each photovoltaic module switch 202 is connected to the negative pole of the corresponding DC interface of the inverter system 204 through the negative pole of the DC bus 203.
- the control method of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system includes:
- the inverter system judges whether the photovoltaic quick shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state.
- the preset safety state is: each photovoltaic module switch-off device limits the corresponding photovoltaic module to achieve electrical energy output, so that the voltage of the DC bus is less than the preset voltage value within the first preset time, that is, the DC The bus voltage is maintained at a lower voltage value.
- the first preset time is not specifically limited here, it depends on the actual situation, and it is within the protection scope of this application.
- whether the photovoltaic quick shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state can be determined according to an instruction from an upper computer, or it can be determined by a voltage detection result, which is the same as the prior art and is not specifically limited here.
- step S102 is executed, and if the photovoltaic quick shutdown system needs to enter the preset safe state, step S103 is executed.
- the inverter system applies voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus.
- the purpose of applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus is to change the characteristics of the constant DC state of the voltage and/or current on the DC bus.
- the voltage and/or current fluctuations of the DC bus are transmitted to the photovoltaic module switcher.
- the output terminal of the photovoltaic module can know whether it is allowed to turn on.
- the inverter system controls its own starting power module to apply voltages of different amplitudes to the DC bus multiple times to achieve the purpose of starting each photovoltaic module switch on the DC bus.
- the amplitude of the applied voltage and its duration are jointly agreed by the photovoltaic module switcher and the inverter system, and are not specifically limited here, and they are all within the protection scope of the present application.
- the time interval for the inverter system to apply voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus is less than that of the photovoltaic module.
- the fast shutdown time of the fast shutdown system that is, the fast shutdown time specified in the relevant standards, such as the 30 seconds specified in the standard NEC2017; therefore, as long as the inverter system continues to apply voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus, and If the fluctuation interval is less than the fast turn-off time, the photovoltaic module shut-off device can maintain the turn-on state, and there will be no accidental turn-off.
- the specific value of the fast turn-off time is not specifically limited here, it depends on the actual situation, and it is within the protection scope of the present application.
- the inverter system stops applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus.
- the voltage and/or current of the DC bus will be in a constant DC state, and the voltage and/or current delivered by the DC bus to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch is also Constant DC state.
- the duration of the voltage and/or current fluctuations applied to the DC bus should be longer than or equal to The fast shutdown time of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system, that is, the fast shutdown time specified in the relevant standards; therefore, the inverter system stops applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus, and the duration is greater than or equal to the fast shutdown time, Then the photovoltaic module shut-off device does not detect the characteristic of fluctuation, and the duration is greater than or equal to the fast shut-off time, then it controls itself to shut down.
- the photovoltaic module switcher judges whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected meets a preset condition according to its own output parameters.
- the output parameters are proportional to the voltage and/or current of the DC bus to which it is connected; therefore, when the inverter system controls the DC bus voltage fluctuation, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module switcher also changes accordingly; in the inverter system control When the DC bus current fluctuates, the output current of the photovoltaic module switcher will also change accordingly.
- the preset conditions include: fluctuations greater than the corresponding threshold occur within the second preset time; wherein the second preset time is less than the fast shutdown time of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system; that is, if the Before the quick turn-off time is reached, the PV module switcher detects that the DC bus voltage and/or current fluctuates greater than the corresponding threshold value, and then determines that the preset condition is met; if the PV module switcher has not detected the DC bus voltage And/or the current fluctuates greater than the corresponding threshold and the duration is greater than the fast turn-off time, it is determined that the preset condition is not met.
- the specific process of this step S104 is: judging whether the DC bus connected to oneself has deliberately applied voltage fluctuations according to its own output voltage; or judging whether the DC bus connected to oneself has deliberately applied voltage fluctuations according to its own output current Current fluctuations.
- step S102 the way the inverter system applies fluctuations to the DC bus in step S102 is different, and the way to determine whether fluctuations occur in step S104 is also different, specifically:
- step S104 includes: the photovoltaic module switcher extracts the effective value of the AC ripple within the second preset time from its own output parameters, and determines whether the effective value is greater than or equal to the set AC ripple value; if valid If the value is greater than or equal to the preset AC ripple value, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to the oneself meets the preset condition; otherwise, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to the oneself does not meet the preset condition.
- the preset frequency here can be set as the second preset frequency in practical applications.
- the second preset frequency is less than or equal to the first preset frequency to illustrate that the voltage and/or current slowly fluctuate when applied at this time, that is, when the voltage and/or current disturbance schematic diagram shown in FIG.
- step S104 includes: the photovoltaic module switcher determines the current average of the two output parameter stable periods before and after the output parameter fluctuation is detected within the second preset time Whether the value difference is greater than the corresponding preset value, if the difference is greater than the preset current value, it is determined that the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself meet the preset conditions; otherwise, it is determined that the voltage and/or voltage of the DC bus connected to itself Or the current does not meet the preset conditions.
- the fluctuation time is at 5S, and judge whether the difference between the average current value of 0S-5S and the average current value of 5S-15S is greater than the preset current value; If the value is greater than the preset current value, it is determined that the current of the DC bus connected to the self meets the preset condition; otherwise, it is determined that the current of the DC bus connected to the self does not meet the preset condition.
- step S104 includes: the photovoltaic module switch-off determines that within the second preset time Whether the voltage difference before and after the voltage fluctuation is greater than the preset voltage value when the voltage fluctuation is detected; if the voltage before and after the difference is greater than the preset voltage value, it is determined that the voltage of the DC bus connected to itself meets the preset condition; otherwise, it is determined that the DC connected to itself The voltage of the bus does not meet the preset conditions.
- the inverter system can suddenly change its own AC output power within one or several grid cycles to apply rapid fluctuations in voltage and/or current to the DC bus; it can also slowly change its own DC input current, To apply voltage and/or current to the DC bus slowly fluctuate; it is also possible to apply multiple voltages of different amplitudes to the DC bus through its internal starting voltage module.
- the DC voltage controller can implement the above functions. For details, please refer to the inverter system below. Examples.
- step S105 if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself meets the preset condition, step S105 is executed; and if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to itself does not meet the preset condition, execute Step S106.
- the shutdown device of the photovoltaic module controls/maintains itself to be turned on.
- the current state of the photovoltaic module switcher is in the on state, it will maintain its own turn on; if the current state is in the off state, it will control itself to turn on so that it is in the on state.
- the shutdown device of the photovoltaic module controls/maintains itself to shut off.
- the current state of the photovoltaic module shut-off device is in the on state, it controls itself to be turned off; if the current state is in the off state, it keeps itself off to keep itself in the off state.
- the photovoltaic module switcher is turned on or off based on the fluctuation of voltage and/or current, that is, it can realize the photovoltaic module only through its original voltage/current sampling device.
- the turn-on/turn-off communication between the switch and the inverter system eliminates the need to set up additional corresponding receiving equipment, which reduces the hardware cost of the photovoltaic module switch-off and the hardware cost of the photovoltaic fast turn-off system; accordingly, In the inverter system, there is no need to set the turn-on signal sending module, only the module that controls the voltage and/or current fluctuations, thereby reducing the hardware cost of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- this application uses low-power voltage and current characteristics, which is more reliable and stable, avoids susceptible problems such as power line carrier communication and wireless communication, and improves the stability of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- the method further includes:
- the inverter system judges whether the photovoltaic quick shutdown system has a fault.
- the fault includes at least one of a power grid voltage fault, a power grid frequency fault, a ground impedance fault, a DC arcing fault, a manual quick turn-off control switch, and a manual shutdown fault.
- step S102 If there is no fault, such as after the fault disappears, step S102 is executed; and if there is a fault, step S103 is executed.
- the inverter system first judges whether there is a fault before applying voltage and/or current disturbances to control the opening of the photovoltaic module switch-off, so as to avoid the photovoltaic module switch-off when there is a fault in the photovoltaic fast shut-off system. Turning on and the corresponding photovoltaic components realize electric energy output, which leads to the problem of damage to the internal components of the inverter system, and improves the safety of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides an inverter system, see FIG. 7, including: a DC voltage control circuit (303 shown in FIGS. 7 and 15 or 214 shown in FIGS. 8 and 14) and an inverter 205.
- a DC voltage control circuit (303 shown in FIGS. 7 and 15 or 214 shown in FIGS. 8 and 14) and an inverter 205.
- the output terminal of the DC voltage control circuit is connected to the positive pole of the DC bus (as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15), or the output terminal of the DC voltage control circuit is connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC bus (as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 7). ), or, the output terminal of the DC voltage control circuit is connected to the negative pole of the DC bus (not shown); the DC side of the inverter 205 is connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC bus in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system.
- the auxiliary power supply of the inverter is supplied by the grid; when the inverter supports off-grid operation, the auxiliary power supply of the inverter is supplied by the grid or an energy storage system.
- the inverter 205 combined with the DC voltage control circuit enables the inverter system to implement the corresponding steps in the control method of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system described in the above embodiment, which specifically includes: judging whether the photovoltaic fast shutdown system needs to enter a preset safe state ; If the photovoltaic fast shutdown system does not need to enter the preset safe state, apply voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus; otherwise, stop applying voltage and/or current fluctuations to the DC bus.
- the DC voltage control circuit can be a DC voltage controller 214 (see FIG. 8 and FIG. 14) independently installed on the DC bus, or it may be a starting voltage module 303 (see FIG. 7 and FIG. 14) installed in the inverter 205. As shown in Figure 15); specifically, the two setting positions are described as follows:
- the DC voltage control circuit is the starting voltage module 303 provided in the inverter 205; the inverter 205 also includes: internal controller (not shown), DC/DC Circuit 302 and inverter circuit 301.
- the positive and negative ends of the DC/DC circuit 302 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the output terminal of the starting voltage module 303, and the two connection points are respectively used as the positive and negative electrodes of the DC side of the inverter 205; the DC/DC circuit 302 The other end of is connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit 301; the AC side of the inverter circuit 301 serves as the AC side of the inverter 205.
- the positive pole of one end of the DC/DC circuit 302 is connected to the negative pole of the output terminal of the starting voltage module 303.
- the positive pole of the output terminal of the starting voltage module 303 serves as the positive pole of the DC side of the inverter 205.
- One end of the negative pole of 302 serves as the negative pole of the DC side of the inverter 205; the other end of the DC/DC circuit 302 is connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit 301; and the AC side of the inverter circuit 301 serves as the AC side of the inverter 205.
- the DC/DC circuit 302 is a Boost circuit, such as a basic boost circuit (as shown in FIG. 7) or a three-level boost circuit (a flying capacitor type three-level boost circuit as shown in FIG. 9).
- Boost circuit such as a basic boost circuit (as shown in FIG. 7) or a three-level boost circuit (a flying capacitor type three-level boost circuit as shown in FIG. 9).
- the DC/DC circuit 302 is a basic boost circuit; specifically, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to one end of the input capacitor Cin, the connection point is connected to the positive output terminal of the starting voltage module 303, and the other end of the inductor L1 They are respectively connected to one end of the switching tube K1 and one end of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the positive pole of the DC side of the inverter circuit 301, the other end of the switching tube K1 is connected to the other end of the input capacitor Cin, and the connection points are respectively connected to the starting voltage The negative pole of the output terminal of the module 303 and the negative pole of the DC side of the inverter circuit 301 are connected.
- the DC/DC circuit 302 is a flying capacitor type three-level boost circuit; specifically, one end of the inductor L11 is connected to the input capacitor One end of C10 is connected, and the connection point is connected to the anode of the output terminal of the starting voltage module 303.
- the other end of the inductor L11 is connected to one end of the switch K2 and one end of the diode D11.
- the cathode of the diode D11 is connected to the anode and the flying jumper of the diode D12.
- One end of the capacitor C12 is connected, the cathode of the diode D12 is connected to the positive pole of the DC side of the inverter circuit 301, the other end of the switch K2 is connected to one end of the switch K3 and the other end of the flying capacitor C12, and the other end of the switch K3 It is connected to the other end of the input capacitor Cin, and the connection points are respectively connected to the negative pole of the output terminal of the starting voltage module 303 and the negative pole of the DC side of the inverter circuit 301.
- the starting voltage module 303 is used to apply multiple different amplitude DC voltages to the corresponding DC bus according to the control of the inverter 205; the starting voltage module 303 is provided by the energy storage system or the grid Input electric energy, that is, the input end of the start-up voltage module 303 is connected to the power grid or the energy storage battery in the energy storage system.
- the starting voltage module 303 when the starting voltage module 303 is provided by the grid to provide input power, the starting voltage module 303 includes: a transformer 501, a diode rectifier bridge (including D21, D22, D23, and D24 as shown in FIG. 13) and a starting DC/DC Circuit (including C5, R5, K5 and D5 as shown in Figure 13).
- the primary winding of the transformer 501 is connected to the power grid; the secondary winding of the transformer 501 is connected to the input end of the diode rectifier bridge, and the positive and negative electrodes of the output end of the diode rectifier bridge are respectively connected to one end of the starting DC/DC circuit; the starting DC/DC circuit The other end of is used as the output end of the starting voltage module 303.
- the transformer 501 is an isolation power frequency transformer or a high frequency isolation transformer; the startup DC/DC circuit is a buck circuit, a boost circuit or a buck-boost circuit.
- the transformer 501 is a small step-down transformer. For example, it can convert an AC 220V grid voltage into an AC 15V voltage source, and then convert it into a DC voltage after passing through a diode rectifier bridge. It can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the switch tube K5 in the Buck circuit. Different DC voltages are output, and the duty cycle of the switch tube K5 is not specifically limited here, and it may be within the protection scope of the present application depending on the actual situation.
- the inverter 205 can be used to quickly change its own AC output power within at least one grid cycle to impose current fluctuations with a fluctuation frequency greater than a preset frequency on the DC bus; or, it can also be used to change its own DC at a low speed. Input current to apply current fluctuations with a fluctuation frequency less than the preset frequency to the DC bus.
- the DC voltage control circuit is a DC voltage controller 214 independently arranged on the DC bus; specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the positive and negative poles of one side of the DC voltage controller 214
- the positive and negative poles of the DC bus 203 are respectively connected correspondingly, and the positive and negative poles of the other side of the DC voltage controller 214 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC side of the inverter 205.
- the inverter 205 includes: an internal controller and an inverter circuit; wherein the DC side of the inverter circuit is used as the DC side of the inverter 205; the AC side of the inverter circuit is used as the AC side of the inverter 205.
- the positive output terminal of the DC voltage controller 214 is connected to the positive pole of the DC bus 203
- the negative output terminal of the DC voltage controller 214 is connected to the positive pole of the DC side of the inverter 205
- the negative pole of the DC side of the inverter 205 is connected.
- the inverter 205 includes: an internal controller and an inverter circuit; wherein the DC side of the inverter circuit is used as the DC side of the inverter 205; the AC side of the inverter circuit is used as the AC side of the inverter 205.
- the communication mode between the DC voltage controller 214 and the inverter 205 is: power line carrier, wireless communication or wired communication. Of course, it can also be other communication methods, and there is no specific limitation here, as it depends on the actual situation, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.
- the DC voltage controller 214 is also used to realize the maximum power point tracking of the DC bus 203.
- the auxiliary power supply of the DC voltage controller 214 is supplied by the inverter 205, the power grid or the energy storage system.
- the auxiliary power supply of the DC voltage controller 214 is not specifically limited here, and all are within the protection scope of the present application.
- the turn-on or turn-off of the photovoltaic module switch can be controlled through the DC voltage control circuit, without the need to start the signal sending unit.
- the start signal sending unit when the start signal sending unit is set, that is, when the equipment is added to the DC bus, a larger volume DC combiner box or an additional DC combiner box are required to cooperate with the installation during the installation process, which increases the construction cost. .
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic fast shutdown system, referring to FIG. 10, including: at least one shutdown system and at least one inverter system 204, the shutdown system includes: a DC bus 203, at least N photovoltaic modules 201 and N A photovoltaic module switch-off 202, N is a positive integer, where:
- each photovoltaic module switch 202 In the shutdown system, the output terminals of each photovoltaic module switch 202 are cascaded, and the input terminals of each photovoltaic module switch 202 are respectively connected to the output terminals of each corresponding photovoltaic module 201; each photovoltaic module switch 202 has a stage The connected positive pole is connected to the positive pole of the corresponding DC interface of the inverter system 204 through the positive pole of the DC bus 203; the cascaded negative pole of each photovoltaic module switch 202 is connected to the negative pole of the corresponding DC interface of the inverter system 204 through the negative pole of the DC bus 203. It should be noted that + means positive and positive, and-means negative.
- each photovoltaic module switch-off 202 can be connected to only one photovoltaic module 201 (as shown in FIG. 11), and each photovoltaic module switch-off 202 can also be connected to multiple photovoltaic modules 201 (as shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 10). Two photovoltaic modules 201 are shown as an example).
- the number of shut-off systems can be one (as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 10), or multiple (as shown in Figure 12, Figure 12 shows two shut-off systems as an example).
- the number of photovoltaic modules 201 connected to each photovoltaic module shutoff 202 may be the same, or the number of photovoltaic modules 201 connected to each photovoltaic module shutoff 202 may be different, which is not specifically limited here. It depends on the actual situation, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.
- inverter system 204 For the specific structure and working principle of the inverter system 204, refer to the inverter system 204 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
- the joint control of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202 and the inverter system 204 realizes the startup of the photovoltaic fast switch-off system, which is highly applicable to industries that provide both a switch-off device and an inverter.
- the hardware cost of the photovoltaic module shutoff 202 and the inverter system 204 in the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is low, and correspondingly, the hardware cost of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is also low.
- the aforementioned photovoltaic module switch-off 202 includes: a switch unit (including Q1 and Q2 as shown in FIG. 6), a drive circuit 101, a processor 103, an output voltage stabilizing capacitor Co, a bypass diode Dp, and a parameter acquisition unit (As shown in Figure 6, it includes an input voltage acquisition unit 100, an output voltage acquisition unit 102 and a current acquisition unit 104); where:
- the switch unit is arranged on the negative branch of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202 (not shown), or the switch unit is arranged on the positive branch of the photovoltaic module switch 202 (as shown in Fig. 6).
- the switch module The input terminal of Q1 is used as the input terminal of the switch unit and is connected to the positive input terminal Uin+ of the photovoltaic module switch 202, the output terminal of the switch module Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the switch module Q2, and the output terminal of the switch module Q2 is used as the switch module's output terminal.
- the output terminal; the switch unit is used to realize the turn-on or turn-off of the photovoltaic module switch 202 according to the control of the processor 103.
- the switch unit includes at least one switch tube module ( Figure 6 shows two switch modules as an example); when the number of switch tube modules is 1, the input terminal of the switch tube module serves as the input terminal of the switch unit, The output terminal of the switch tube module is used as the output terminal of the switch unit; the control terminal of the switch module is used as the control terminal of the switch unit (not shown).
- the input end of the series branch of each switch tube module in series is used as the input end of the switch unit, and the output end of the series branch is used as the output end of the switch unit; the control of each switch module Both terminals are used as the control terminal of the switch unit; for example, when the number of switch tube modules is 2, as shown in Figure 6, the input terminal of the switch module Q1 is used as the input terminal of the switch unit, and the input terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202 is positive.
- the output terminal of the switch module Q1 is connected with the input terminal of the switch module Q2
- the output terminal of the switch module Q2 is used as the output terminal of the switch module
- the control terminals of the switch modules Q1 and Q2 are used as the control terminal of the switch unit.
- the switch module includes at least one switch tube (a switch tube is shown as an example in FIG. 6), and when the number of switch tubes is greater than one, each switch tube is connected in parallel and/or in series.
- the switch tube is a semiconductor switching device, which can be a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), as shown in Figure 6
- MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- the parameter collection module is used to collect the output parameters of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202 and output the collected output parameters to the processor 103.
- the parameter collection module includes: an input voltage collection unit 100, an output voltage collection unit 102, and a current collection unit 104.
- the input voltage collecting unit 100 is arranged between the positive and negative poles of the input terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202; specifically, the positive and negative terminals of the input voltage collecting unit 100 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the input terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202.
- the output terminal of the input voltage collecting unit 100 is connected to the processor 103; the input voltage collecting unit 100 is used to collect the input voltage of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202, and output the collected input voltage to the processor 103.
- the negative electrode of the input end of the photovoltaic module switch 202 is also used for grounding.
- the output voltage collection unit 102 is arranged between the positive and negative poles of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202; specifically, the positive and negative poles of the output terminal of the output voltage collection unit 102 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202, and output
- the output terminal of the voltage collecting unit 102 is connected to the processor 103; the output voltage collecting unit 102 is used to collect the output voltage of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202, and output the collected output voltage to the processor 103.
- the current collection unit 104 is used to collect the output current of the photovoltaic module switch 202. When the switch unit is turned on, the bypass diode Dp is turned off, and the current collected by the current collection unit 104 is the output current of the photovoltaic module; when the switch unit is turned off, the current collected by the current collection unit 104 is the current passing through the bypass diode Dp.
- the impedance of the current collecting unit 104 is very small, and the current collecting unit 104 has a variety of setting methods. The four setting methods are described below:
- the current collection unit 104 is arranged on the negative branch of the photovoltaic module switch 202, between the anode of the bypass diode Dp and the output terminal Uout- of the photovoltaic module switch 202. Specifically, one end of the current collecting unit 104 is connected to the output terminal cathode Uout- of the photovoltaic module shut-off device 202, and the other end of the current collecting unit 104 is respectively connected to the anode of the bypass diode Dp and the input terminal cathode of the photovoltaic module shut-off device 202. Uin-connected.
- the current collecting unit 104 is arranged on the negative branch of the photovoltaic module switch 202, between the anode of the bypass diode Dp and the anode of the input terminal of the output voltage collecting unit 102. Specifically, one end of the current collection unit 104 is connected to the anode of the bypass diode Dp and the negative input terminal Uin- of the photovoltaic module switch 202, and the other end of the current collection unit 104 outputs the positive input terminal of the voltage collection unit 102.
- the pole is connected to the negative electrode Uout- of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202 (not shown).
- the current collecting unit 104 is arranged on the anode branch of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202, between the cathode of the bypass diode Dp and the output terminal anode Uout+ of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202. Specifically, one end of the current collecting unit 104 is connected to the anode Uout+ of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202, and the other end of the current collecting unit 104 is connected to the cathode of the bypass diode Dp (not shown).
- the current collecting unit 104 is arranged on the anode branch of the photovoltaic module switch 202, between the cathode of the bypass diode Dp and the anode of the input terminal of the output voltage collecting unit 102. Specifically, one end of the current collection unit 104 is respectively connected to the anode Uout+ of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202 and the input terminal of the output voltage collection unit 102, and the other end of the current collection unit 104 is connected to the cathode of the bypass diode Dp ( Not shown).
- the anode of the bypass diode Dp is connected to the cathode Uout- of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202, and its cathode is connected to the anode Uout+ of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch 202; the bypass diode Dp is used in the photovoltaic module switch When 202 is switched off, the bypass function of the photovoltaic module switch 202 is realized.
- the two ends of the output voltage stabilizing capacitor Co are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module switch-off 202; as shown in FIG.
- the cathode of the circuit diode Dp, the anode of the input terminal of the output voltage acquisition unit 102 and the output terminal of the switch unit are connected, and the other end of the output voltage stabilizing capacitor Co is connected to the cathode of the input terminal of the output voltage acquisition unit 102, the anode of the bypass diode Dp and One end of the current collecting unit 104 is connected; the output voltage stabilizing capacitor Co is used to stabilize the output voltage of the photovoltaic module shut-off device 202.
- the output terminal of the processor 103 is connected to the control terminal of the switch unit through the drive circuit 101; the processor 103 is used to combine the parameter acquisition module, the drive circuit 101, and the switch unit, so that the photovoltaic module switch 202 can implement the photovoltaic module described in the above embodiment.
- the corresponding steps in the control method of the fast shutdown system specifically include: judging whether the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions according to its own output parameters; if the voltage and/or current of the DC bus connected to it meets the preset conditions; / Or the current meets the preset condition, then control/maintain itself to turn on; otherwise, control/maintain itself to turn off.
- the photovoltaic module switch-off 202 can realize its own turn-on and turn-off through the output parameters collected by its own parameter collection unit. There is no need to use communication signals and no need to set up additional signal receiving modules to receive the output of the inverter system. The switch on/off of the communication signal reduces the hardware cost of the photovoltaic module switch 202.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- 一种光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,包括:所述光伏快速关断***中的逆变***判断所述光伏快速关断***是否需要进入预设安全状态;若所述光伏快速关断***不需要进入预设安全状态,则对所述光伏快速关断***中的直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动;否则停止对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动;所述光伏快速关断***中的光伏组件关断器依据自身的输出参数,判断自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流是否满足预设条件;若自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流满足预设条件,则控制/维持自身开通;否则控制/维持自身关断。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述逆变***对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动的时间间隔小于所述光伏快速关断***的快速关断时间;和/或,所述逆变***停止对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动的持续时间,大于等于所述快速关断时间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述预设安全状态为:各个光伏组件关断器限制对应的光伏组件实现电能输出,以使直流总线的电压在第一预设时间内小于预设电压值。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,在对所述光伏快速关断***中的直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动之前,还包括:所述逆变***判断所述光伏快速关断***是否存在故障;若不存在故障,则执行对所述光伏快速关断***中的直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动的步骤;否则执行停止对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动的步骤。
- 根据权利要求4所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述故障包括:电网电压故障、电网频率故障、对地阻抗故障、直流拉弧故障、人为按下快速关断控制开关和人为控制停机故障中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征 在于,所述预设条件包括:在第二预设时间内出现大于相应阈值的波动;其中,所述第二预设时间小于所述光伏快速关断***的快速关断时间。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,若所述逆变***对直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动,且施加的波动频率大于预设频率,则所述光伏快速关断***中的光伏组件关断器依据自身的输出参数,判断自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流是否满足预设条件包括:所述光伏组件关断器从所述输出参数中提取在第二预设时间内交流纹波的有效值,并判断所述有效值是否大于等于设定的交流纹波值;若所述有效值大于等于所述预设的交流波纹值,则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流满足所述预设条件;否则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流不满足所述预设条件。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,若所述逆变***对直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动,且施加的波动频率小于预设频率,则所述光伏快速关断***中的光伏组件关断器依据自身的输出参数,判断自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流是否满足预设条件包括:所述光伏组件关断器判断在第二预设时间内检测到波动时刻的前后两个输出参数稳定时段的输出参数平均值差值是否大于相应预设值;若所述输出参数平均值差值大于所述相应预设值,则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流满足所述预设条件;否则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流不满足所述预设条件。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,若所述逆变***对直流总线施加电压波动,则所述输出参数包括输出电压值,且所述光伏快速关断***中的光伏组件关断器依据自身的输出参数,判断自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流是否满足预设条件包括:所述光伏组件关断器判断在第二预设时间内检测到电压波动时刻的电压前后差值是否大于预设电压值;若所述电压前后差值大于所述预设电压值,则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压满足所述预设条件;否则判定自身所连接的直流总线的电压不满足所述预设条件。
- 一种逆变***,其特征在于,包括:直流电压控制电路和逆变器;所述直流电压控制电路的输出端与直流总线的正极和/或负极相连;所述逆变器的直流侧,与光伏快速关断***中的直流总线的正负极相连;所述逆变器结合所述直流电压控制电路,使所述逆变***能够判断所述光伏快速关断***是否需要进入预设安全状态;若所述光伏快速关断***不需要进入预设安全状态,则对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动;否则停止对所述直流总线施加电压和/或电流波动。
- 根据权利要求10所述的逆变***,其特征在于,所述逆变器用于:在至少一个电网周期内快速改变自身的交流输出功率,以对直流总线施加波动频率大于预设频率的电流波动;或者,低速改变自身的直流输入电流,以对直流总线施加波动频率小于预设频率的电流波动。
- 根据权利要求11所述的逆变***,其特征在于,所述直流电压控制电路为:输入端连接储能***或者电网的启动电压模块;所述启动电压模块,用于根据所述逆变器的控制,对/停止对相应直流总线施加多次不同幅值的直流电压。
- 根据权利要求12所述的逆变***,其特征在于,若所述启动电压模块的输入端连接电网,则所述启动电压模块包括:变压器、二极管整流桥和启动DC/DC电路;所述变压器的原边绕组与电网相连;所述变压器的副边绕组与所述二极管整流桥的输入端相连;所述二极管整流桥的输出端正负极分别与所述启动DC/DC电路的一端相连;所述启动DC/DC电路的另一端作为所述启动电压模块的输出端。
- 根据权利要求13所述的逆变***,其特征在于,所述变压器为隔离工频变压器或高频隔离变压器;所述启动DC/DC电路为buck电路、boost电路或buck-boost电路。
- 根据权利要求14所述的逆变***,其特征在于,所述直流电压控制电路为独立设置于所述直流总线上的直流电压控制器,所述直流电压控制器与所述逆变器之间的通讯方式为:电力线载波、无线通讯或有线通讯。
- 根据权利要求15所述的逆变***,其特征在于,所述直流电压控制器,还用于实现直流总线的最大功率点跟踪。
- 一种光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,包括:至少一个关断***和至少一个如权利要求10-16任一所述的逆变***,所述关断***包括:直流总线、至少N个光伏组件和N个光伏组件关断器,N为正整数,其中:所述关断***中,各个所述光伏组件关断器的输出端级联,各个光伏组件关断器的输入端分别与各自对应的各个光伏组件的输出端相连;各个所述光伏组件关断器级联后的正极通过所述直流总线正极与所述逆变***的对应直流接口正极相连;各个所述光伏组件关断器级联后的负极通过所述直流总线负极与所述逆变***的对应直流接口负极相连。
- 根据权利要求17所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述光伏组件关断器包括:开关单元、驱动电路、处理器、参数采样单元、旁路二极管和输出稳压电容;所述开关单元,设置于所述光伏组件关断器的正极支路或者负极支路上,用于根据所述处理器的控制,实现所述光伏组件关断器的开通或关断;所述参数采集模块,用于采集光伏组件关断器的输出参数,并将采集到的所述输出参数输出至所述处理器;所述旁路二极管,用于在所述光伏组件关断器关断时实现所述光伏组件关断器的旁路功能;所述输出稳压电容,用于稳定所述光伏组件关断器关断的输出电压;所述处理器的输出端通过所述驱动电路与所述开关单元的控制端相连;所述处理器用于结合所述参数采集模块、所述驱动电路、所述输出稳压电容以及所述开关单元,使所述光伏组件关断器能够实现依据自身的输出参数,判断自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流是否满足预设条件;若自身所连接的直流总线的电压和/或电流满足预设条件,则控制/维持自身开通;否则控制/维持自身关断。
- 根据权利要求18所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述参数采集模块,包括:输出电压采集单元和输出电流采集单元;所述输出电流采集单元,用于采集所述光伏组件关断器的输出电流;所述输出电压采集单元,用于采集所述光伏组件关断器的输出电压。
- 根据权利要求19所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述参数采集模块还包括:用于采集所述光伏组件关断器的输入电压的输入电压采集单元。
- 根据权利要求20所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述电流采集单元设置于所述光伏组件关断器的负极支路上、所述旁路二极管的阳极与所述光伏组件关断器的输出端负极之间;或者,所述电流采样单元设置于所述光伏组件关断器的负极支路上、所述旁路二极管的阳极与所述输出电压采集单元的输入端负极之间;又或者,所述电流采集单元设置于所述光伏组件关断器的正极支路上、所述旁路二极管的阴极与所述光伏组件关断器的输出端正极之间;又或者,所述电流采集单元设置于所述光伏组件关断器的正极支路上、所述旁路二极管的阴极与所述输出电压采集单元的输入端正极之间。
- 根据权利要求18-21任一所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述开关单元包括至少一个开关管模块;在所述开关管模块的个数为1时,所述开关管模块的输入端作为所述开关单元的输入端,所述开关管模块的输出端作为所述开关单元的输出端;所述开关模块的控制端作为所述开关单元的控制端;在所述开关管模块的个数不为1时,各个所述开关管模块串联成的串联支路的输入端作为所述开关单元的输入端,所述串联支路的输出端作为所述开关单元的输出端;各个开关模块的控制端均作为所述开关单元的控制端。
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WO2022193458A1 (zh) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-22 | 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司 | 光伏***、光伏组件、本地管理器及光伏***运行方法 |
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WO2023065135A1 (zh) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-04-27 | 杭州禾迈电力电子股份有限公司 | 一种关断器、关断器的通信方法及快速关断光伏*** |
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