WO2021237871A1 - 静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法 - Google Patents

静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法 Download PDF

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WO2021237871A1
WO2021237871A1 PCT/CN2020/099613 CN2020099613W WO2021237871A1 WO 2021237871 A1 WO2021237871 A1 WO 2021237871A1 CN 2020099613 W CN2020099613 W CN 2020099613W WO 2021237871 A1 WO2021237871 A1 WO 2021237871A1
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Prior art keywords
electrostatic
ionization
electrode
voltage
output terminal
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PCT/CN2020/099613
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈为国
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太仓市金港植保器械科技有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202020948136.6U external-priority patent/CN212309903U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010473435.3A external-priority patent/CN113731660A/zh
Application filed by 太仓市金港植保器械科技有限公司 filed Critical 太仓市金港植保器械科技有限公司
Priority to JP2022549148A priority Critical patent/JP2023513916A/ja
Priority to US17/617,786 priority patent/US20220111407A1/en
Publication of WO2021237871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237871A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/087—Arrangements of electrodes, e.g. of charging, shielding, collecting electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/035—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by gasless spraying, e.g. electrostatically assisted airless spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B05B5/0535—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes at least two electrodes having different potentials being held on the discharge apparatus, one of them being a charging electrode of the corona type located in the spray or close to it, and another being of the non-corona type located outside of the path for the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0537—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power comprising a charge return path between the target and the spraying apparatus which is not the "true" earth, i.e. using a direct charge return path like a wire or the like, e.g. "floating earth"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrostatic spraying, in particular to an electrostatic spraying device and an electrostatic spraying method.
  • the electrostatic sprayer refers to a sprayer that can make the sprayed mist droplets produce a significant electrostatic enveloping and adsorption effect on the target object.
  • Electrostatic spray has a series of advantages such as water saving, medicine saving, high efficiency and environmental protection, and it is known as the ultimate technology of agricultural spraying. To ensure that the sprayed droplets can produce a significant enveloping adsorption effect on the target, it is necessary to make the liquid carry an electrostatic charge of one polarity, and measures must be taken to make the target carry another polarity.
  • the electrostatic charge that is, it is necessary to set up a grounding electrode to conduct the high-voltage electrostatic charge of another polarity output by the high-voltage generator to the target through the grounding electrode, so that the target is charged with another polarity of electrostatic charge , Forming an active electrostatic field with a closed loop of current centered on the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the sprayed charged mist droplets with electrostatic charge of one polarity drift to the target object with electrostatic charge of another polarity under the multiple effects of gravity, earth's gravitational force and electric field force, they will be at the opposite charge.
  • the dynamic charged droplets Under the action of mutual attraction, the dynamic charged droplets will quickly rush to the static target and firmly adhere to the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the target, so as to achieve the electrostatic enveloping and adsorption effect of the droplets on the target.
  • a metal electrode of one polarity of the generator's high-voltage output is used to directly contact the skin of the human hand through a wire, so that the human body is charged, and the human body is connected to the ground through the feet of the human body.
  • the static charge is conducted to the target on the ground, so that the target is charged with a polar static charge.
  • the static charge of another polarity of the generator's high-voltage output is directly connected to the metal frame through a wire, and the metal frame and the metal wheels on the frame are connected to the ground.
  • the static charge is conducted to the target through the ground, so that the target on the ground is charged with another polarity of static charge.
  • the direct conductive grounding of the human body is likely to cause the discomfort of static electricity to stimulate the human body. It is easy to cause the static charge conducted to the target to weaken or even disappear due to poor contact between the human watch skin and the electrode or the shoe sole material being worn is too insulated, resulting in static encirclement The adsorption effect is unstable.
  • grounding technology using direct contact has the above-mentioned defects and problems in practical applications
  • a new grounding technology can be developed and designed to solve the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings, which can ensure that the electrostatic spray is surrounded by adsorption. It is very necessary and important to realize the stability of the effect and better guarantee the safety and comfort of the operator.
  • the present invention discloses an electrostatic spray device and an electrostatic spray method, which ionize the surrounding air through the discharge of a high-voltage ionization electrode to achieve ionization grounding, which can replace the traditional direct contact grounding method.
  • an electrostatic spray device which includes: a high-voltage electrostatic generator for generating high-voltage static electricity, and includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; a charging electrode, and the high-voltage electrostatic generator The positive output terminal or the negative output terminal of the generator is connected.
  • the charging electrode is used to directly contact the liquid to be atomized to apply electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized; the ionizing emitter electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the output terminal or the positive output terminal is connected, and the ionizing emitter electrode realizes ionization grounding by ionizing the surrounding air.
  • the electrostatic spray device further includes an ionization emitting head, the ionization emitting head includes an insulating shell and an emitting electrode connection socket for connecting the ionization induction emitting electrode, so that the ionization emitting electrode is emitted through the ionization
  • the head is connected with the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the electrostatic spray device includes a liquid storage barrel for storing the liquid to be atomized and a base arranged under the liquid storage barrel, and the ionization emitting head is installed to the base.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode adopts a metal single-needle structure or a carbon fiber multi-needle structure.
  • an electrode shield is further provided around the ionization emitter, and the electrode shield is made of insulating material.
  • the electrostatic spray further includes an energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor is arranged between the high-voltage electrostatic generator and the ionization emitting head for performing high-voltage static electricity output from the high-voltage electrostatic generator. After the energy is stored, it is conducted to the ionization emitter.
  • a hermetically sealed connector is further provided, the hermetically insulated connector It is wrapped in rubber and plastic and has a metal plug head inside.
  • the ionization emitter electrode adopts Teflon carbon fiber silica gel wire, and the ionization emitter electrode is connected to the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the electrostatic spray device includes a spray head that atomizes and sprays droplets with electrostatic charges, and the effective ground clearance of the ionizing emitter electrode is arbitrarily set between 0-3 m.
  • the radial distance between the sensing transmitter electrodes is greater than 30 cm.
  • the technical solution of the present invention also provides an electrostatic spray method, which includes: applying an electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized in direct contact through a charging electrode connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator;
  • the ionization induction transmitter electrode connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator ionizes the surrounding air to achieve ionization grounding.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ionizing emitter of an electrostatic spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the structure of the ionizing emitter electrode of the electrostatic spray device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a demonstration diagram of a test effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention provides an electrostatic spray device, which includes: a high-voltage electrostatic generator for generating high-voltage static electricity, and includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; a charging electrode, and the positive output of the high-voltage electrostatic generator
  • the charging electrode is used to contact the liquid to be atomized to apply electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized;
  • the ionizing emitter electrode is connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator Connected, the ionizing emitter electrode realizes ionization conduction grounding by ionizing the surrounding air.
  • the electrostatic spray device further includes an ionization emitting head, the ionization emitting head includes an insulating shell and an emitting electrode connection socket for connecting the ionization induction emitting electrode, so that the ionization emitting electrode is emitted through the ionization
  • the head is connected with the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the electrostatic spray device includes a liquid storage barrel for storing the liquid to be atomized and a base arranged below the liquid storage barrel, and the ionization induction transmitter head is installed to the base.
  • the ionization emitter electrode adopts a metal single-needle or carbon fiber multi-needle structure.
  • an electrode shield is further provided around the ionization emitter, and the electrode shield is made of insulating material.
  • the electrostatic spray further includes an energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor is arranged between the high-voltage electrostatic generator and the ionization emitting head for performing high-voltage static electricity output from the high-voltage electrostatic generator. After the energy is stored, it is conducted to the ionization emitter.
  • a hermetically sealed and insulated connector is further provided, the hermetically insulated connector It is wrapped in rubber and plastic and has a metal plug head inside.
  • the ionization emitter electrode adopts Teflon carbon fiber silica gel wire, and the ionization emitter electrode is connected to the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
  • the electrostatic spray device includes a spray head that atomizes and sprays droplets with electrostatic charges, and the ground clearance of the ionizing emitter electrode can be arbitrarily set between 0 and 3 m.
  • the radial distance between the emitter electrodes is greater than 30 cm.
  • the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is 25,000 volts to 35,000 volts.
  • the ionization emitting head is arranged at a middle position of the electrode shield, and the electrode shield is about 1.5 cm higher than the ionization emitting electrode.
  • the technical solution of the present invention also provides an electrostatic spray method, which includes: applying electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized through a charging electrode connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; The ionizing emitter electrode connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the generator ionizes the surrounding air, and then conducts the charged air to the ground or the target to achieve ionization grounding.
  • the electrostatic spray device of the present invention includes: a high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 for generating high-voltage static electricity and including a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; a charging electrode 3, and the positive output terminal or the negative output of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2
  • the charging electrode 3 is used to contact the liquid to be atomized to apply electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized;
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 is connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2, and the ionizing emitter electrode 7 Realize ionization grounding by ionizing the surrounding air.
  • the charging electrode 3 is installed in the liquid storage tank 1, the installation position of the charging electrode 3 is not specifically limited, as long as it can be in contact with the liquid to be atomized. For example, it can also be installed in the infusion liquid. In the pipeline.
  • the high-voltage static electricity of one polarity output by the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 is connected to the charging electrode 3 made of copper and stainless steel through the high-voltage-resistant wire 4 to charge the liquid, thereby having a
  • the liquid with a polar electrostatic charge enters the water pump 10 through the infusion pipeline, and after being pressurized by the water pump 10, it passes through the spray rod 11 and the spray head 12, and atomizes from the hole of the nozzle 13 to spray small mist droplets with a kind of static charge.
  • the high-voltage static electricity of another polarity output by the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 is conducted to the ionizing emitter electrode 7 through the high-voltage resistant wire 4, and discharged through the tip of the ionizing emitter electrode 7, so that the surrounding humid air is ionized and charged.
  • the moist air is conducted to the ground and the target, so as to realize the structure of the electrostatic spray to close the current circuit.
  • an energy storage enhancement capacitor 5 can be further provided in the transmission line. Strong electrode output.
  • a sealed insulated connector can be installed in the transmission line.
  • the exterior of the connector is wrapped with rubber and plastic, and there is a metal plug connector inside, which can be convenient for high voltage without leakage.
  • a sealed insulating connector 14 may be provided on the line between the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 and the energy storage capacitor 5, or a sealed insulated connector may be provided on the transmission line between the energy storage capacitor 5 and the emitter electrode 7.
  • the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 is greater than 10,000 volts. Considering the ionization effect and safety, the output voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 is preferably 2.5 Between ten thousand volts and 35,000 volts.
  • the ground clearance of the ionizing emitter electrode 7 is preferably between 0-3 m, and the radial distance between the emitter electrode 7 and the shower head 12 is preferably greater than 30 cm.
  • an ionizing emitter head 6 may be further provided. Refer to FIG. 2, which shows the specific structure of the ionizing emitter 6.
  • the ionizing emitter 6 includes an insulating housing 601 and a connection jack 602 provided in the housing 601 for connecting the emitter electrode 7.
  • the transmitting electrode connection jack 602 is connected to the high-voltage resistant wire 4, so that the ionizing transmitting electrode 7 is connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 through the ionizing transmitting head 6.
  • the installation and fixation of the ionizing emitter electrode 7 is achieved by installing or fixing the ionizing emitter head 6.
  • the ionization induction emitting head 6 may be installed on the side or bottom of the liquid storage tank 1.
  • the ionizing launching head 6 can be installed on the sprayer barrel base. Specifically, a hole can be punched in the base to insert the launching head, and the launching head 6 can be screwed and fixed by the thread 603 on the launching head 6.
  • an installation limit 604 may be further provided on the transmitting head 6.
  • an energy storage coil 605 may be further provided at the front end of the connecting jack 602.
  • an electrode shield 8 can also be provided around the emitter head 6, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Show.
  • the electrode shield 8 is made of insulating material, the bottom is open, and the transmitter 6 is in the middle position.
  • the height of the electrode shield 8 is about 1.5 cm higher than the top position of the transmitter electrode 7, so as not to affect the transmitter electrode 7.
  • the tip emits electric discharge, which can prevent the operator from accidentally touching the emitting electrode 7 and being stimulated during operation.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 it can either adopt a metal single-needle structure as shown in FIG. 3A, or a carbon fiber multi-needle structure as shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 may include a plug 701, a mounting limit 702, an insulating housing 703, and a metal single needle 704 or a carbon fiber multi-needle 705.
  • the plug 701 can be used to be inserted into the electrode connection jack 602 of the transmitting head 6 as described above.
  • the installation limit 702 sets the installation depth to facilitate installation in place.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 is connected to the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 2 to be able to release a large amount of negative ions during work, thereby benefiting the human health of the operator.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 preferably adopts a carbon fiber multi-needle structure.
  • the ionizing emitter electrode 7 can adopt a Teflon carbon fiber silicone wire, which is composed of thousands of fine carbon fiber wires. The composition is equivalent to thousands of tip discharges at the top of the emitter electrode, which effectively improves the efficiency of ionization discharge.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention also provides an electrostatic spray method, which includes: applying an electrostatic charge to the liquid to be atomized through a charging electrode connected to the positive output terminal or the negative output terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; The ionizing emitter electrode connected to the negative output terminal or the positive output terminal of the electrostatic generator ionizes the surrounding air to achieve ionization grounding.
  • the applicant conducted repeated tests. Tests have proved that the encircling adsorption effect of the spray according to the technical scheme of the present invention is very ideal. Among them, in the test, the height of the nozzle 12 from the target is 0.5 meters, 1 meter and 2 meters; the height of the ionizing emitter 7 from the ground is 0.5 meter, 1 meter and 2.5 meters; the distance between the ionizing emitter 7 and the target They are 0.5 meters, 5 meters and 10 meters. Refer to (A)-(C) of FIG. 4, which respectively show the encircling adsorption effect of the spray on the target under the above-mentioned conditions.

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Abstract

一种静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法。静电喷雾装置包括：高压静电发生器（2），用于产生高压静电，并包括正极输出端和负极输出端；充电电极（3），与高压静电发生器（2）的正极输出端或负极输出端连接，充电电极（3）用于与待雾化的液体直接接触，以对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；电离发射电极（7），与高压静电发生器（2）的负极输出端或正极输出端连接，电离发射电极（7）通过对周围空气进行电离来实现电离接地。利用该静电喷雾装置，通过与高压静电发生器（2）的负极输出端或正极输出端连接的电离发射电极对周围空气进行电离，以实现接地。该装置和喷雾方法既能确保静电喷雾环抱吸附效果实现的稳定性，又能更好的保障操控者的安全和舒适。

Description

静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法 技术领域
本发明涉及静电喷雾领域，尤其涉及一种静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法。
背景技术
静电喷雾器是指能使喷出的雾滴在靶标物上产生显著的静电环抱吸附效果的喷雾器。静电喷雾具有节水、省药、高效、环保等一系列优点，被誉为农业喷施的终极技术。如要确保喷出的雾滴能在靶标物上产生显著的环抱吸附效果，就必须在让液体带上一种极性的静电荷的同时，要采取措施让靶标物带上另外一种极性的静电荷，也就是需要设置一种接地电极，将高压发生器输出的另外一种极性的高压静电荷通过接地电极传导到靶标物上，使靶标物带上另外一种极性的静电荷，形成以高压静电发生器为中心的电流闭合回路的有源静电场。这样，当喷出的带有一种极性静电荷的带电雾滴在重力、地球引力和电场力的多重作用下，飘至带有另外一种极性静电荷的靶标物附近时，在异性电荷相互吸引的作用下，动态的带电雾滴就会快速奔向静态的靶标物而牢牢地吸附在靶标物的上下左右，从而实现雾滴在靶标物上的静电环抱吸附效果。
实践证明，如没有接地电极，也就是没有形成电流闭合回路的有源静电场时，尽管在喷出的雾滴中也带有一种极性的静电荷，但其喷出的雾滴在靶标物上是难以实现雾滴的静电环抱吸附效果的。而设置了接地电极，在形成了良好的电流闭合回路的有源静电场时，就能轻 松地实现雾滴在靶标物上形成显著的静电环抱吸附效果。
为了实现静电喷雾的良好环抱吸附效果，现有技术采用了不同的直接连接的接地技术方式：
针对背负式静电喷雾器，采用将发生器高压输出的一种极性的静电荷通过导线连接的金属电极直接与人手的表皮相接触，使人体带上电荷，并通过人体的双足与大地连接导通，将静电荷传导到处在大地上的靶标物上，从而使靶标物带上一种极性的静电荷。
针对设有金属机架一类的静电喷雾器，采用将发生器高压输出的另外一种极性的静电荷通过导线直接与金属机架相连接，通过金属机架及机架上的金属轮子与大地接触导通，通过大地将静电荷传导到靶标物上，从而使处在大地上的靶标物带上另外一种极性的静电荷。
通过上述的接地方法，确实能有效地构成静电喷雾的电流闭合回路，良好地实现了静电喷雾的环抱吸附效果。但是，在实际使用中也陆续发现了其中存在着多方面的不足和弊端：
通过人体直接导电接地容易产生静电刺激人体的不适感，容易产生因人手表皮与电极接触不良或所穿的鞋底材料太绝缘而使得传导到靶标物上的静电荷强度减弱甚至消失，从而导致静电环抱吸附效果不稳定。
通过直接与金属机架导通接地，因整个金属机架都会带上高压静电荷，容易对装置在机架上的其它电器部件和带有另外一种极性静电荷的水路管道及水泵等相互产生干扰影响，从而增加了相关部件安装的绝缘隔离的处置难度，极易导致正负两种极性静电荷的相互抵消，进而容易影响其喷雾的静电环抱吸附效果的良好实现。同时也对需在机架上进行操控的工作人员带来静电刺激的风险。
由于采用直接接触方式的接地技术在现实的实际应用中存在着上述的缺陷和问题，因此，能研制和设计一种新的接地技术来解决上述存在的问题和不足，既能确保静电喷雾环抱吸附效果实现的稳定性，又能更好的保障操控者的安全和舒适，就显得十分必要和重要。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法，其通过高压电离电极的放电来对周围空气进行电离，以实现电离接地，从而可以取代传统的直接接触接地的方式。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案提供了一种静电喷雾装置，其包括：高压静电发生器，用于产生高压静电，并包括正极输出端和负极输出端；充电电极，与所述高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接，所述充电电极用于与待雾化的液体直接接触，以对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；电离发射电极，与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接，所述电离发射电极通过对周围空气进行电离来实现电离接地。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置还包括电离发射头，所述电离发射头包括绝缘外壳和用于连接所述电离感应发射电极的发射电极连接插孔，从而所述电离发射电极通过所述电离发射头与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置包括用于储存待雾化的液体的储液桶和设置在所述储液桶下方的底座，所述电离发射头安装到所述底座。
进一步地，所述电离发射电极采用金属单针式或碳纤多针式结 构。
进一步地，在所述电离发射头周围进一步设置有电极防护罩，所述电极防护罩采用绝缘材料制成。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾进一步包括蓄能电容器，所述蓄能电容器设置在所述高压静电发生器与所述电离发射头之间，以用于对所述高压静电发生器输出的高压静电进行蓄能后再传导到所述电离发射头。
进一步地，在所述高压静电发生器与所述蓄能电容器之间以及所述所述蓄能电容器与所述电离发射头之间进一步设置有密闭绝缘型接插件，所述密闭绝缘型接插件采用橡塑包裹、内部设有金属插拔头。
进一步地，所述电离发射电极采用铁氟龙碳纤维硅胶电线，并且所述电离发射电极与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端连接。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置包括雾化喷出带有静电电荷的液滴的喷头，所述电离发射电极的有效离地高度在0-3m之间任意设定，所述喷头与所述电离感应发射电极之间的径向距离大于30cm。
本发明的技术方案还提供了一种静电喷雾方法，其包括：通过与高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接的充电电极采用直接接触的方式对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；通过与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接的电离感应发射电极对周围空气进行电离，以实现电离接地。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的实施方式的静电喷雾装置的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明的实施方式的静电喷雾装置的电离发射头的结 构示意图；
图3A和图3B是根据本发明的实施方式的静电喷雾装置的电离发射电极的结构示意图；
图4是根据本发明的实施方式的试验效果演示图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
本发明的技术方案提供了一种静电喷雾装置，其包括：高压静电发生器，用于产生高压静电，并包括正极输出端和负极输出端；充电电极，与所述高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接，所述充电电极用于与待雾化的液体接触，以对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；电离发射电极，与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接，所述电离发射电极通过对周围空气进行电离来实现电离传导接地。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置还包括电离发射头，所述电离发射头包括绝缘外壳和用于连接所述电离感应发射电极的发射电极连接插孔，从而所述电离发射电极通过所述电离发射头与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置包括用于储存待雾化的液体的储液桶和设置在所述储液桶下方的底座，所述电离感应发射头安装到所述底座。
进一步地，所述电离发射电极采用金属单针式或碳纤多针式结构。
进一步地，在所述电离发射头周围进一步设置有电极防护罩，所述电极防护罩采用绝缘材料制成。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾进一步包括蓄能电容器，所述蓄能电容器设置在所述高压静电发生器与所述电离发射头之间，以用于对所述高压静电发生器输出的高压静电进行蓄能后再传导到所述电离发射头。
进一步地，在所述高压静电发生器与所述蓄能电容器之间以及所述所述蓄能电容器与所述电离发射头之间进一步设置有密闭绝缘型接插件，所述密闭绝缘型接插件采用橡塑包裹、内部设有金属插拔头。
进一步地，所述电离发射电极采用铁氟龙碳纤维硅胶电线，并且所述电离发射电极与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端连接。
进一步地，所述静电喷雾装置包括雾化喷出带有静电电荷的液滴的喷头，所述电离发射电极的离地高度可以在0-3m之间任意设定，所述喷头与所述电离发射电极之间的径向距离大于30cm。
进一步地，所述高压静电发生器的电压为2.5万伏至3.5万伏。
进一步地，所述电离发射头设置在所述电极防护罩中间位置，并且所述电极防护罩相对于所述电离发射电极高出大约1.5cm。
本发明的技术方案还提供了一种静电喷雾方法，其包括：通过与高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接的充电电极对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；通过与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接的电离发射电极对周围空气进行电离，进而通过带电的空气传导到大地或靶标物来实现电离接地。
参见图1，本发明的静电喷雾装置包括：高压静电发生器2，用于产生高压静电并包括正极输出端和负极输出端；充电电极3，与高 压静电发生器2的正极输出端或负极输出端连接，充电电极3用于与待雾化的液体接触，以对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；电离发射电极7，与高压静电发生器2的负极输出端或正极输出端连接，电离发射电极7通过对周围空气进行电离来实现电离接地。
在图1中，虽然充电电极3安装在了储液桶1内，但充电电极3的安装位置并不受具体限制，只要能够与待雾化液体接触即可，例如其也可以例如安装在输液管道内。
根据本发明的上述技术方案，高压静电发生器2输出的一种极性的高压静电通过耐高压导线4连接到例如由铜与不锈钢材料制成的充电电极3对液体进行充电，从而带有一种极性静电荷的液体通过输液管道进入水泵10，经水泵10增压后经过喷杆11、喷头12，从喷嘴13孔处雾化喷出带有一种静电荷的细小雾滴。高压静电发生器2输出的另外一种极性的高压静电通过耐高压导线4传导到电离发射电极7，通过电离发射电极7的尖端放电，使周围湿润的空气电离带上电荷，进而通过带电的湿润空气传导到大地及靶标物上，以此来而实现静电喷雾闭合电流回路的构成。
在具体实施例中，为了增强电离发射电极7的发射力度，可以在传输线路中进一步设置蓄能强化电容器5，该电容器5选用耐高压的大容量电容器，以能够积蓄较大的静电电流供发射电极强劲发射输出。
另外，为了方便***的安装连接，可以在传输线路中设置密闭绝缘型接插件，该接插件外部采用橡塑包裹，内设金属插拔头，这样可在确保高压***漏的情况下，方便高压线路的快速连接。例如，可以在高压静电发生器2与蓄能电容器5之间的线路上设置密闭绝缘型接 插件14，也可以在蓄能电容器5与发射电极7之间的传输线路上设置密闭绝缘型接插件。
为了保证空气的电离效果以实现电离发射电极7的电离接地，高压静电发生器2的输出电压大于1万伏，考虑到电离效果以及安全性等，高压静电发生器2的输出电压优选地在2.5万伏至3.5万伏之间。另外，经过申请人的反复试验，电离发射电极7的离地高度优选地在0-3m之间，而且发射电极7与喷头12之间的径向距离优选地大于30cm。
关于电离发射电极7，其安装方式和安装位置并没有具体限制。在具体实施例中，为了方便安装和固定电离发射电极7，可以进一步设置电离发射头6。参见图2，其示出了电离发射头6的具体结构。电离发射头6包括绝缘外壳601以及设置在外壳601中的用于连接发射电极7的连接插孔602。发射电极连接插孔602与耐高压导线4连接，从而电离发射电极7通过电离发射头6连接到高压静电发生器2的负极输出端或者正极输出端。
在具体实施例中，通过对电离发射头6进行安装或固定，来实现电离发射电极7的安装和固定。例如，电离感应发射头6可以安装在储液桶1的侧部或底部。优选地，可以将电离发射头6安装到喷雾器桶底座上，具体地，可以在底座上打个孔以把发射头塞进去，并通过发射头6上的螺纹603进行拧紧固定。
另外，发射头6上可以进一步设置安装限位604。为了能够进一步增强电离发射电极7的发射力度，还可以在连接插孔602前端进一步设置储能线圈605。
在进一步的实施方式中，为了进一步确保在实际应用中操控的安 全性并且对电离发射电极7的电离效应进行导向，还可以在发射头6周围设置电极防护罩8，如图1和图2所示。电极防护罩8采用绝缘材料制成，下面开口，发射头6处在中间位置，优选地，电极防护罩8的高度比发射电极7的顶端位置高出1.5cm左右，这样既不影响发射电极7的尖端发射放电，又能防止操控者在操作时肢体误碰到发射电极7而受到刺激。
关于电离发射电极7，其既可以采用如图3A的金属单针式结构，也可以采用如图3B所示的碳纤多针式结构。
参见图3A和图3B，电离发射电极7可以包括插头701、安装限位702、绝缘外壳703以及金属单针704或者碳纤多针705。插头701可以用于***到如上所述的发射头6的电极连接插孔602。安装限位702是设定了安装的深度，便于安装到位。
在优选的实施例中，电离发射电极7与高压静电发生器2的负极输出端连接以能够在工作时释放大量负离子，从而有益于操作者的人体健康。并且为了获得更好的负离子释放效果，电离发射电极7优选地采用碳纤多针式结构，具体地，电离发射电极7可以采用铁氟龙碳纤维硅胶电线，该电线由数千根细细的碳纤维丝组成，相当于发射电极的顶端有数千个尖端在放电，从而有效地提升了电离放电的效率。
本发明进一步的实施方式还提供了一种静电喷雾方法，其包括：通过与高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接的充电电极对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；通过与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接的电离发射电极对周围空气进行电离，以实现电离接地。
为了对根据本发明的静电喷雾装置和静电喷雾方法的电离接地 效果和喷雾环抱效果进行验证，申请人进行了反复试验。经试验证明，根据本发明的技术方案的喷雾的环抱吸附效果都是十分理想的。其中，在试验中，喷头12高度离靶标物分别为0.5米、1米和2米；电离发射电极7离地高度分别为0.5米、1米和2.5米；电离发射电极7与靶标物的距离分别为0.5米，5米和10米。参见图4的(A)-(C)，其分别示出了上述条件下的喷雾对靶标物的环抱吸附效果。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾装置包括：
    高压静电发生器，用于产生高压静电，并包括正极输出端和负极输出端；
    充电电极，与所述高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接，所述充电电极用于与待雾化的液体直接接触，以对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；
    电离发射电极，与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接，所述电离发射电极通过对周围空气进行电离来实现电离接地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾装置还包括电离发射头，所述电离发射头包括绝缘外壳和用于连接所述电离发射电极的发射电极连接插孔，从而所述电离发射电极通过所述电离发射头与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾装置包括用于储存待雾化的液体的储液桶和设置在所述储液桶下方的底座，所述电离发射头安装到所述底座。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述电离发射电极采用金属单针式或碳纤多针式结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，在所述电离发射头周围进一步设置有电极防护罩，所述电极防护罩采用绝缘材料制成。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾进一步包括蓄能电容器，所述蓄能电容器设置在所 述高压静电发生器与所述电离发射头之间，以用于对所述高压静电发生器输出的高压静电进行蓄能后再传导到所述电离感应发射头。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，在所述高压静电发生器与所述蓄能电容器之间以及所述蓄能电容器与所述电离发射头之间进一步设置有密闭绝缘型接插件，所述密闭绝缘型接插件采用橡塑包裹、内部设有金属插拔头。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述电离发射电极采用铁氟龙碳纤维硅胶电线，并且所述电离发射电极与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1至5、7和8中任一项所述的静电喷雾装置，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾装置包括雾化喷出带有静电电荷的液滴的喷头，所述电离感应发射电极的有效离地高度在0-3m之间任意设定，所述喷头与所述电离发射电极之间的径向距离大于30cm。
  10. 一种静电喷雾方法，其特征在于，所述静电喷雾方法包括：
    通过与高压静电发生器的正极输出端或负极输出端连接的充电电极采用直接接触的方式对待雾化的液体施加静电电荷；
    通过与所述高压静电发生器的负极输出端或正极输出端连接的电离发射电极对周围空气进行电离，以实现电离接地。
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