WO2021232942A1 - Method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material powder by means of short flow - Google Patents
Method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material powder by means of short flow Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021232942A1 WO2021232942A1 PCT/CN2021/083338 CN2021083338W WO2021232942A1 WO 2021232942 A1 WO2021232942 A1 WO 2021232942A1 CN 2021083338 W CN2021083338 W CN 2021083338W WO 2021232942 A1 WO2021232942 A1 WO 2021232942A1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, in particular to a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process.
- Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of a single carbon atom layer sp 2 hybrid. It has excellent mechanical properties. Its elastic modulus can reach 1TPa, its tensile strength can reach 125GPa, and its density is only 2.23g/ cm 3 , is a very ideal metal matrix strengthening phase.
- the graphene also exhibits excellent physical properties, including low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal conductivity (5000Wm -1 K -1), and high charge carrier mobility (15000cm 2 V -1 s - 1 ) Therefore, the composite of graphene material with structural and functional materials of pure aluminum and aluminum alloy can significantly improve its mechanical and physical properties, and will have light weight, high strength, high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and controllable thermal expansion coefficient, which is important for promoting The application of aluminum-based composite materials in structural parts in the aerospace field and functional parts in the power electronics field is extremely important.
- the preparation process of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites is mainly divided into liquid phase method and solid phase method.
- the liquid phase method includes pressure infiltration, stirring casting, etc., solid phase
- the method includes powder metallurgy process, that is, the preparation of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder is first realized by mechanical means, and then through traditional plastic processing processes, including: hot isostatic pressing, vacuum hot pressing, SPS sintering, extrusion, rolling And so on, the composite material powder is consolidated and formed.
- the solid phase method has significant advantages in improving the dispersion of graphene in the matrix material. Compared with the liquid phase method, the temperature is lower during the processing process, and the interface reaction between graphene and the matrix is controllable, making it a graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. A more common preparation process.
- the most critical technology is to realize the spreading of the two-dimensional structure of graphene and its uniform mixing with aluminum powder.
- Commonly used composite powder preparation processes include mechanical ball milling, mechanical stirring, and ultrasonic dispersion.
- some methods have prepared single-layer graphene dispersions by ultrasonic dispersion, and prepared graphene aluminum alloy powders by mechanical ball milling and vacuum drying processes. This type of process can achieve uniform mixing of graphene and aluminum powder using mechanical ball milling.
- some methods adopt ultrasonic dispersion to prepare graphene/alcohol or graphene water-based dispersion, and obtain graphene aluminum alloy powder through mechanical stirring and spray drying processes.
- this type of method uses mechanical stirring to achieve uniform mixing of graphene and aluminum powder in the dispersion medium (alcohol or water), but the main disadvantage of this type of method is that the ultrasonic dispersion process causes many processes and poor production continuity. , High energy consumption, low efficiency and high cost, not suitable for the industrial production of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials.
- the invention solves the problems of complicated preparation process, low production efficiency, high energy consumption and high cost of the existing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process.
- the invention has simple process flow, low equipment requirements, high production efficiency, low processing cost, and excellent industrial application prospects.
- a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the steps:
- the mixing ratio of the aluminum matrix and the reinforcement is: 99.9%-96%: 0.1%-4%, the mass fraction, preferably the reinforcement mass fraction is 0.15-1%, the balance It is an aluminum matrix.
- the reinforcing body powder is graphene or graphene oxide, with an average thickness of 1-30 nm and an average sheet diameter of 100 nm-100 ⁇ m.
- the aluminum matrix powder is pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder, and the average particle size is 1-100 ⁇ m.
- the added mass of the liquid compatibilizer is 1 to 5 times the total mass of the reinforcement powder and the aluminum matrix powder.
- the liquid compatibilizer includes at least one of water, absolute ethanol, and acetone.
- the atmosphere of the mechanical stirring is an inert gas.
- the liquid compatibilizer is absolute ethanol and/or acetone
- the atmospheric environment where the mechanical stirring is located is air.
- the rate of mechanical stirring is 200-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-20 h.
- step (2) the stirring rate is 100 rpm to 1000 rpm, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 10 to 85 kv.
- the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a short-flow and low-cost process to prepare graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder, and can realize agglomerated and wrinkled industrial-grade graphene through one-step mechanical stirring.
- the process flow is simple, the equipment requirements are low, and the production efficiency is high (the powder yield is up to 96% or more), low processing cost, and excellent industrial application prospects.
- Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a reinforcing body and an aluminum substrate in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of composite material powders obtained with different reinforcement contents in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a sintered batching blank prepared in a second embodiment of the present invention.
- reagents or raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased through conventional means. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or raw materials used in the present invention are used in a conventional manner in the field or used in accordance with product instructions. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to the content described can be applied to the method of the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described in the present invention are for demonstration purposes only.
- the existing preparation process of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite powder generally has the problems of cumbersomeness, low production efficiency, high energy consumption, and high cost. Therefore, the present invention discloses a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process. The present invention will now be further described based on the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.
- a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
- step (2) Prepare the four groups of powders weighed in step (1) into A suspension, B suspension, C suspension, and D suspension through mechanical stirring and liquid compatibilizer.
- the specific steps are as follows: Each group of powders was put into a mechanical mixer, and 500g of absolute ethanol was added to mechanically stir in an air environment, the stirring speed was 8000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time was 1.0h. After completion, a suspension was obtained.
- the main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
- the suspensions A to D obtained in step (2) are respectively prepared into dry composite powders by the electrostatic spray drying method, specifically as follows: the suspension is placed in the feeding tank of the spray dryer, and the feeding tank The internal stirring speed is 800rpm, and the suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 60kv. Finally, the uniformly mixed composite powder of the reinforcement and the matrix is obtained, which are A composite powder, B composite material powder, C composite material powder, D composite material powder. After testing: the yields of the above four powders were 96.5%, 97.8%, 97.2%, and 98.1%, respectively.
- Fig. 2(a)-(d) respectively correspond to the graphene content: 0.15% A composite material powder, 0.5% B composite material powder, 0.75% C composite material powder, 1.0% D composite material powder.
- Figure 2 the graphene has no obvious wrinkles and is distributed in the pure aluminum powder in the form of flakes. It has good light transmittance and conforms to the characteristics of few layers of graphene. It shows that the method of this embodiment has achieved agglomeration. Dispersion of graphene, spreading of wrinkled graphene.
- a preparation of a graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite blank is prepared into a blank through a cold forming process and a sintering process, which specifically includes the following steps: cold pressing The forming pressure was 1000 MPa and the pressure was maintained for 3 minutes, and then the obtained cold compact was sintered at a sintering temperature of 600° C. and a time of 2 h, that is, a blank with a graphene content of 0.5% and 1%, respectively.
- Figure 3(a) and (b) correspond to the graphene content of 0.5wt.% and 1wt.%, respectively.
- the white mark in the figure is graphene. It can be seen from the figure that the graphene is uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix. group
- a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
- step (2) Load the powder of step (1) into a mechanical mixer, and add 250 g of water to mechanically stir in an argon atmosphere, the stirring speed is 200 r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 20 h. After completion, a suspension is obtained.
- the main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
- step (3) Put the suspension obtained in step (2) into the feeding tank of the spray dryer.
- the stirring speed in the feeding tank is 100 rpm.
- the suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun 85kv, finally obtained the composite powder after the reinforcement and the matrix are uniformly mixed.
- the yield of the powder in this example is 96.1%, and the method of this example also achieves the dispersion of agglomerated graphene and corrugated graphite Spreading of ene.
- a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
- the reinforcement is a multilayer graphene with a thickness between 25 and 30 nm.
- the sheet diameter It is between 60 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m; the aluminum matrix is pure aluminum powder with a particle size of between 40 and 70 ⁇ m.
- step (2) Put the powder of step (1) into a mechanical mixer, and add 750g of acetone to mechanically stir in an air environment, the stirring speed is 10000r/min, the mechanical stirring time is 0.5h, and the suspension is obtained after completion.
- the main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
- step (3) Put the suspension obtained in step (2) into the feeding tank of the spray dryer.
- the stirring speed in the feeding tank is 1000 rpm.
- the suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun 10kv, and finally obtain the composite material powder after the reinforcement and the matrix are uniformly mixed.
- the yield of the powder in this example is 98.4%, and the method of this example also realizes the dispersion of agglomerated graphene and pleated graphite Spreading of ene.
Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials, specifically to a method for preparing a graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material powder by means of a short flow, the method comprising the steps of: (1) loading a reinforcement powder and an aluminum matrix powder into a container for mixing, and then adding a liquid compatibilizer for mechanical stirring to obtain a suspension; and (2) spraying the suspension from an electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure and hot air under a stirring condition to obtain a dry powder formed by uniformly mixing the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix. In the present invention, the graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material powder is prepared by means of a short-flow and low-cost process, and by means of one-step mechanical stirring, the dispersion of agglomerated industrial-grade graphene materials, the spreading of wrinkled industrial-grade graphene materials and the uniform dispersed distribution of the graphene materials in the aluminum matrix can be achieved, and no mechanical damage to the graphene material is caused during the preparation process. Moreover, the process flow is simple, the requirements for equipment are low, the production efficiency is high, the processing cost is low, and the graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material powder has excellent industrial application prospects.
Description
本发明涉及石墨烯增强铝基复合材料领域，具体涉及一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法。The invention relates to the field of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, in particular to a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process.
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。Disclosure of the background information is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and is not necessarily regarded as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
石墨烯是一种由单碳原子层sp
2杂化所构成的二维材料，具有优异的力学性能，其弹性模量可达到1TPa，拉伸强度可达到125GPa，而其密度仅为2.23g/cm
3，是非常理想的金属基体强化相。与此同时，石墨烯还表现出优异的物理性能，包括低的热膨胀系数，优异的导热率(5000Wm
-1K
-1)，以及高的电荷载流子迁移率(15000cm
2V
-1s
-1)，因此将石墨烯材料与结构功能型材料纯铝及铝合金复合，能够显著改善其力学及物理性能，将具有轻质高强、高热导率及电导率和可控的热膨胀系数，对于推动铝基复合材料在航空航天领域结构零部件及电力电子领域功能性零部件的应用具有极其重要的意义。
Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of a single carbon atom layer sp 2 hybrid. It has excellent mechanical properties. Its elastic modulus can reach 1TPa, its tensile strength can reach 125GPa, and its density is only 2.23g/ cm 3 , is a very ideal metal matrix strengthening phase. At the same time, the graphene also exhibits excellent physical properties, including low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal conductivity (5000Wm -1 K -1), and high charge carrier mobility (15000cm 2 V -1 s - 1 ) Therefore, the composite of graphene material with structural and functional materials of pure aluminum and aluminum alloy can significantly improve its mechanical and physical properties, and will have light weight, high strength, high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and controllable thermal expansion coefficient, which is important for promoting The application of aluminum-based composite materials in structural parts in the aerospace field and functional parts in the power electronics field is extremely important.
目前，根据石墨烯弥散化过程中铝基体状态的不同，石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的制备工艺主要分为液相法和固相法，液相法包括压力浸渗、搅拌铸造等，固相法包括粉末冶金工艺，即首先通过机械手段实现石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的制备，随后通过传统的塑性加工工艺，包括：热等静压、真 空热压、SPS烧结、挤压、轧制等，对复合材料粉末进行固结成形。固相法在改善石墨烯在基体材料分散性方面具有显著的优势，并且相对液相法其加工过程中温度较低，石墨烯与基体的界面反应可控，成为获得石墨烯增强铝基复合材料较为普遍的制备工艺。At present, according to the state of the aluminum matrix in the process of graphene dispersion, the preparation process of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites is mainly divided into liquid phase method and solid phase method. The liquid phase method includes pressure infiltration, stirring casting, etc., solid phase The method includes powder metallurgy process, that is, the preparation of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder is first realized by mechanical means, and then through traditional plastic processing processes, including: hot isostatic pressing, vacuum hot pressing, SPS sintering, extrusion, rolling And so on, the composite material powder is consolidated and formed. The solid phase method has significant advantages in improving the dispersion of graphene in the matrix material. Compared with the liquid phase method, the temperature is lower during the processing process, and the interface reaction between graphene and the matrix is controllable, making it a graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. A more common preparation process.
在固相法制备过程中，最为关键技术的是实现石墨烯二维结构的铺展及其与铝粉末的均匀混合，常用的复合粉末制备工艺包括机械球磨、机械搅拌、超声分散。例如，一些方法通过超声分散制备了单层石墨烯分散液，采用机械球磨、真空干燥工艺制备了石墨烯铝合金粉末。此类工艺方法利用机械球磨可以实现石墨烯与铝粉末的均匀混合，然而，本发明人研究发现这类方法主要问题是机械球磨过程中磨球的碰撞作用会引起石墨烯结构的破坏，造成复合材料力学及物理性能降低，所得复合材料性能难以满足工业需求，同时也存在着制备过程繁琐、能耗高、耗时长等缺点。In the solid-phase preparation process, the most critical technology is to realize the spreading of the two-dimensional structure of graphene and its uniform mixing with aluminum powder. Commonly used composite powder preparation processes include mechanical ball milling, mechanical stirring, and ultrasonic dispersion. For example, some methods have prepared single-layer graphene dispersions by ultrasonic dispersion, and prepared graphene aluminum alloy powders by mechanical ball milling and vacuum drying processes. This type of process can achieve uniform mixing of graphene and aluminum powder using mechanical ball milling. However, the inventors found that the main problem of this type of method is that the impact of the grinding balls during the mechanical ball milling process will cause the destruction of the graphene structure, resulting in composite The mechanical and physical properties of materials are reduced, and the properties of the obtained composite materials are difficult to meet the industrial needs. At the same time, there are disadvantages such as cumbersome preparation process, high energy consumption, and long time-consuming.
另外，一些方法采用超声分散制备石墨烯/酒精或者石墨烯水基分散液，通过机械搅拌、喷射干燥工艺等制得石墨烯铝合金粉末。然而，本发明人研究发现这类方法采用机械搅拌实现石墨烯与铝粉末在分散介质(酒精或水)中的均匀混合，但这类方法的主要缺点是超声分散工艺造成工序多、生产连续性差、能耗高、效率低及高成本，不适合工业化生产石墨烯增强铝基复合材料。In addition, some methods adopt ultrasonic dispersion to prepare graphene/alcohol or graphene water-based dispersion, and obtain graphene aluminum alloy powder through mechanical stirring and spray drying processes. However, the inventor found that this type of method uses mechanical stirring to achieve uniform mixing of graphene and aluminum powder in the dispersion medium (alcohol or water), but the main disadvantage of this type of method is that the ultrasonic dispersion process causes many processes and poor production continuity. , High energy consumption, low efficiency and high cost, not suitable for the industrial production of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials.
另外，一些方法通过超声处理实现石墨烯与铝粉在去离子水中的均匀混合，随后通过喷雾干燥机烘干得到石墨烯复合粉末。然而，本发明人研究发现这类工艺不仅对设备要求高、能耗高、效率低，而且铝粉超声振动过程中 发生相互碰撞，容易引起石墨烯的团聚，造成复合材料综合性能降低，不能满足工业化需求。In addition, some methods achieve uniform mixing of graphene and aluminum powder in deionized water by ultrasonic treatment, and then drying by spray dryer to obtain graphene composite powder. However, the inventor of the present invention found that this type of process not only requires high equipment requirements, high energy consumption, and low efficiency, but also collides with each other during ultrasonic vibration of aluminum powder, which easily causes agglomeration of graphene, which reduces the overall performance of the composite material and cannot meet the requirements. Industrial demand.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明解决的是现有石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的制备工艺繁琐、生产效率低、能耗高、成本高的问题。为此，本发明提供一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法。本发明工艺流程简单，对设备要求低，生产效率高，加工成本低，具有优良的工业化应用前景。The invention solves the problems of complicated preparation process, low production efficiency, high energy consumption and high cost of the existing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder. To this end, the present invention provides a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process. The invention has simple process flow, low equipment requirements, high production efficiency, low processing cost, and excellent industrial application prospects.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下所示。In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，包括步骤：A method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the steps:
(1)将增强体粉末和铝基体粉末装入混合用容器中；然后加入液体相容剂进行机械搅拌，得到悬浊液。(1) Put the reinforcing body powder and the aluminum matrix powder into the mixing container; then add the liquid compatibilizer for mechanical stirring to obtain a suspension.
(2)在搅拌条件下将所述悬浊液在高压热风的作用下从静电喷枪中喷出，获得增强体与铝基体均匀混合形成的干燥粉末，即得。(2) The suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air under stirring conditions to obtain a dry powder formed by uniformly mixing the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix, which is obtained.
进一步地，步骤(1)中，所述铝基体与增强体的混合比例为：99.9％～96％：0.1％～4％，质量分数，优选为增强体质量分数为0.15-1％，余量为铝基体。Further, in step (1), the mixing ratio of the aluminum matrix and the reinforcement is: 99.9%-96%: 0.1%-4%, the mass fraction, preferably the reinforcement mass fraction is 0.15-1%, the balance It is an aluminum matrix.
进一步地，步骤(1)中，所述增强体粉末为石墨烯或氧化石墨烯，其平均厚度1～30nm，平均片径100nm～100μm。Further, in step (1), the reinforcing body powder is graphene or graphene oxide, with an average thickness of 1-30 nm and an average sheet diameter of 100 nm-100 μm.
进一步地，步骤(1)中，所述铝基体粉末为纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末，平均粒径为1～100μm。Further, in step (1), the aluminum matrix powder is pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder, and the average particle size is 1-100 μm.
进一步地，步骤(1)中，所述液体相容剂的添加质量是增强体粉末 和铝基体粉末总质量的1～5倍。Further, in step (1), the added mass of the liquid compatibilizer is 1 to 5 times the total mass of the reinforcement powder and the aluminum matrix powder.
进一步地，步骤(1)中，所述液体相容剂包括水、无水乙醇、丙酮中至少一种。当液体相容剂为水时，机械搅拌所处的气氛环境为惰性气体。当液体相容剂为无水乙醇和/或丙酮时，机械搅拌所处的气氛环境为空气。可选地，机械搅拌的速率为200～10000r/min，搅拌时间为0.5～20h。Further, in step (1), the liquid compatibilizer includes at least one of water, absolute ethanol, and acetone. When the liquid compatibilizer is water, the atmosphere of the mechanical stirring is an inert gas. When the liquid compatibilizer is absolute ethanol and/or acetone, the atmospheric environment where the mechanical stirring is located is air. Optionally, the rate of mechanical stirring is 200-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-20 h.
进一步地，步骤(2)中，所述搅拌速率为100rpm～1000rpm，所述静电喷枪输出电压为10～85kv。Further, in step (2), the stirring rate is 100 rpm to 1000 rpm, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 10 to 85 kv.
相较于现有技术，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明采用短流程、低成本的工艺制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末，通过一步机械搅拌即能实现团聚、褶皱状的工业级石墨烯材料的分散与铺展，及其在铝基体中的均匀弥散分布，并且制备过程中不会造成石墨烯材料的机械损伤，同时该工艺流程简单，对设备要求低，生产效率高(粉末收率达96％以上)，加工成本低，具有优良的工业化应用前景。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a short-flow and low-cost process to prepare graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder, and can realize agglomerated and wrinkled industrial-grade graphene through one-step mechanical stirring. The dispersion and spreading of the material, and its uniform dispersion distribution in the aluminum matrix, and will not cause mechanical damage to the graphene material during the preparation process. At the same time, the process flow is simple, the equipment requirements are low, and the production efficiency is high (the powder yield is up to 96% or more), low processing cost, and excellent industrial application prospects.
构成本发明一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，不构成对本发明的不当限定。The drawings of the specification forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.
图1为本发明第一实施例中增强体和铝基体的扫描电镜(SEM)图。Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a reinforcing body and an aluminum substrate in the first embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明第一实施例中不同增强体含量得到的复合材料粉末的扫描电镜图。Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of composite material powders obtained with different reinforcement contents in the first embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明第二实施例制备的烧结态配料坯料的扫描电镜图。Fig. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a sintered batching blank prepared in a second embodiment of the present invention.
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods that do not indicate specific conditions in the following examples are usually in accordance with conventional conditions or in accordance with the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
除非另行定义，文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。本发明所使用的试剂或原料均可通过常规途径购买获得，如无特殊说明，本发明所使用的试剂或原料均按照本领域常规方式使用或者按照产品说明书使用。此外，任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。本发明中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used in the text have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. The reagents or raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased through conventional means. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or raw materials used in the present invention are used in a conventional manner in the field or used in accordance with product instructions. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to the content described can be applied to the method of the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described in the present invention are for demonstration purposes only.
正如前文所述，现有的石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的制备工艺普遍存在繁琐、生产效率低、能耗高、成本高的问题。因此，本发明公开了一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，现根据说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。As mentioned above, the existing preparation process of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite powder generally has the problems of cumbersomeness, low production efficiency, high energy consumption, and high cost. Therefore, the present invention discloses a method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process. The present invention will now be further described based on the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.
第一实施例The first embodiment
一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
(1)按质量分数(％)，称取四组配比的增强体和铝基体250g，具体如表1所示，其中，所述增强体为少层石墨烯，厚度介于3～10nm，片径介于5～10μm；所述铝基体为纯铝粉末，粒径介于1～2μm。(1) According to the mass fraction (%), weigh 250g of the reinforcement and aluminum matrix in four proportions, as shown in Table 1, where the reinforcement is a few layers of graphene with a thickness of 3-10nm, The sheet diameter is between 5 and 10 μm; the aluminum matrix is pure aluminum powder, and the particle size is between 1 and 2 μm.
表1Table 1
| 组别Group | A组Group A | B组Group B | C组Group C | D组Group D |
| 增强体含量/％Reinforcement content/% | 0.150.15 | 0.50.5 | 0.750.75 | 1.01.0 |
| 铝基体含量/％Aluminum matrix content/% | 99.8599.85 | 99.599.5 | 99.2599.25 | 99.099.0 |
(2)分别将步骤(1)称取的四组粉末通过机械搅拌和液体相容剂制备成A悬浊液、B悬浊液、C悬浊液、D悬浊液，具体步骤如下：将各组粉末装入机械搅拌机中，并加入500g的无水乙醇在空气环境中进行机械搅拌，搅拌转速为8000r/min，机械搅拌时间为1.0h，完成后得到悬浊液。本步骤的主要目的是实现团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展、及铺展态石墨烯在纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末中的均匀分布。(2) Prepare the four groups of powders weighed in step (1) into A suspension, B suspension, C suspension, and D suspension through mechanical stirring and liquid compatibilizer. The specific steps are as follows: Each group of powders was put into a mechanical mixer, and 500g of absolute ethanol was added to mechanically stir in an air environment, the stirring speed was 8000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time was 1.0h. After completion, a suspension was obtained. The main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
(3)将步骤(2)得到A～D悬浊液通过静电喷雾干燥法分别制备成干燥的复合材料粉末，具体如下：将所述悬浊液置于喷雾干燥机的加料罐中，加料罐内搅拌速度为800rpm，悬浊液在高压热风的作用下从静电喷枪中喷出，静电喷枪输出电压60kv，最终获得增强体与基体的均匀混合后的复合材料粉末，分别为A复合材料粉末、B复合材料粉末、C复合材料粉末、D复合材料粉末。经过测试：上述四种粉末的收率分别为96.5％，97.8％，97.2％，98.1％。(3) The suspensions A to D obtained in step (2) are respectively prepared into dry composite powders by the electrostatic spray drying method, specifically as follows: the suspension is placed in the feeding tank of the spray dryer, and the feeding tank The internal stirring speed is 800rpm, and the suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 60kv. Finally, the uniformly mixed composite powder of the reinforcement and the matrix is obtained, which are A composite powder, B composite material powder, C composite material powder, D composite material powder. After testing: the yields of the above four powders were 96.5%, 97.8%, 97.2%, and 98.1%, respectively.
进一步地，采用德国蔡司公司生产的型号为EVOMA10扫描电子电镜(SEM)对第一实施例步骤(1)采用的纯铝粉末和石墨烯(GNP)进行观察，结果分别如图1(a)、(b)所示。从图1(a)可以看出：纯铝粉末呈规则的球状，颗粒尺寸比较均匀，大小介于1～2μm。从图1(b)可以看出：GNP呈现明显的团聚态，褶皱现象较为严重。Further, the EVOMA10 scanning electron microscope (SEM) produced by Zeiss, Germany was used to observe the pure aluminum powder and graphene (GNP) used in step (1) of the first embodiment. The results are shown in Figure 1(a), (b) Shown. It can be seen from Figure 1(a) that the pure aluminum powder is in a regular spherical shape with a relatively uniform particle size ranging from 1 to 2 μm. It can be seen from Figure 1(b) that GNP presents an obvious agglomeration state, and the wrinkling phenomenon is more serious.
进一步地，采用上述的EVOMA10扫描电子电镜对第一实施例制备的A～D复合材料粉末进行观察，结果如图2所示，其中，图2(a)～(d)分别对应 石墨烯含量为0.15％的A复合材料粉末、0.5％的B复合材料粉末、0.75％C复合材料粉末、1.0％的D复合材料粉末。从图2中可以看出：石墨烯无明显的褶皱现象，呈片状分布于纯铝粉末中，透光性较好，符合少层石墨烯的特征，说明经过本实施例的方法实现了团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展。Further, the above-mentioned EVOMA10 scanning electron microscope was used to observe the A-D composite powders prepared in the first embodiment, and the results are shown in Fig. 2, where Fig. 2(a)-(d) respectively correspond to the graphene content: 0.15% A composite material powder, 0.5% B composite material powder, 0.75% C composite material powder, 1.0% D composite material powder. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the graphene has no obvious wrinkles and is distributed in the pure aluminum powder in the form of flakes. It has good light transmittance and conforms to the characteristics of few layers of graphene. It shows that the method of this embodiment has achieved agglomeration. Dispersion of graphene, spreading of wrinkled graphene.
第二实施例Second embodiment
一种石墨烯增强铝基复合坯料的制备，将第一实施例制备的石墨烯含量为0.5％和1％的复合粉末通过冷压成形工艺和烧结工艺制备成坯料，具体包括如下步骤：冷压成形压力为1000MPa，保压3min，然后对得到的冷压坯进行烧结，烧结温度为600℃，时间为2h，即石墨烯含量分别为0.5％和1％的坯料。A preparation of a graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite blank. The composite powder prepared in the first embodiment with a graphene content of 0.5% and 1% is prepared into a blank through a cold forming process and a sintering process, which specifically includes the following steps: cold pressing The forming pressure was 1000 MPa and the pressure was maintained for 3 minutes, and then the obtained cold compact was sintered at a sintering temperature of 600° C. and a time of 2 h, that is, a blank with a graphene content of 0.5% and 1%, respectively.
采用上述的EVOMA10扫描电子电镜对烧结坯料进行观察，结果如图3所示。其中，图3(a)、(b)分别对应石墨烯含量为0.5wt.％和1wt.％，图中白色标记为石墨烯，从图中可以看出石墨烯在铝基体中分散均匀，没有团The sintered blank was observed by the above-mentioned EVOMA10 scanning electron microscope, and the result is shown in Figure 3. Among them, Figure 3(a) and (b) correspond to the graphene content of 0.5wt.% and 1wt.%, respectively. The white mark in the figure is graphene. It can be seen from the figure that the graphene is uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix. group
第三实施例The third embodiment
一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
(1)以质量分数(％)计，按照0.1％：99.9％的比例称取铝基体和增强体共250g，所述增强体为少层石墨烯，厚度介于1～10nm之间，片径介于100nm～1μm之间；所述铝基体为纯铝粉末，粒径介于80～100μm。(1) In terms of mass fraction (%), weigh 250g of aluminum matrix and reinforcement according to the ratio of 0.1%:99.9%. The reinforcement is a few-layer graphene with a thickness of 1-10nm. The sheet diameter It is between 100 nm and 1 μm; the aluminum matrix is pure aluminum powder with a particle size between 80 and 100 μm.
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末装入机械搅拌机中，并加入250g的水在氩气环境中进行机械搅拌，搅拌转速为200r/min，机械搅拌时间为20h，完成后 得到悬浊液。本步骤的主要目的是实现团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展、及铺展态石墨烯在纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末中的均匀分布。(2) Load the powder of step (1) into a mechanical mixer, and add 250 g of water to mechanically stir in an argon atmosphere, the stirring speed is 200 r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 20 h. After completion, a suspension is obtained. The main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
(3)将步骤(2)得到悬浊液置于喷雾干燥机的加料罐中，加料罐内搅拌速度为100rpm，悬浊液在高压热风的作用下从静电喷枪中喷出，静电喷枪输出电压85kv，最终获得增强体与基体的均匀混合后的复合材料粉末，经过测试：本实施例粉末的收率为96.1％，而且经过本实施例的方法同样实现了团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展。(3) Put the suspension obtained in step (2) into the feeding tank of the spray dryer. The stirring speed in the feeding tank is 100 rpm. The suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun 85kv, finally obtained the composite powder after the reinforcement and the matrix are uniformly mixed. After testing: the yield of the powder in this example is 96.1%, and the method of this example also achieves the dispersion of agglomerated graphene and corrugated graphite Spreading of ene.
第四实施例Fourth embodiment
一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process includes the following steps:
(1)以质量分数(％)计，按照4.0％：96.0％的比例称取铝基体和增强体共250g，所述增强体为多层石墨烯，厚度介于25～30nm之间，片径介于60μm～100μm之间；所述铝基体为纯铝粉末，粒径介于40～70μm。(1) In terms of mass fraction (%), weigh a total of 250g of aluminum matrix and reinforcement at a ratio of 4.0%: 96.0%. The reinforcement is a multilayer graphene with a thickness between 25 and 30 nm. The sheet diameter It is between 60 μm and 100 μm; the aluminum matrix is pure aluminum powder with a particle size of between 40 and 70 μm.
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末装入机械搅拌机中，并加入750g的丙酮在空气环境中进行机械搅拌，搅拌转速为10000r/min，机械搅拌时间为0.5h，完成后得到悬浊液。本步骤的主要目的是实现团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展、及铺展态石墨烯在纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末中的均匀分布。(2) Put the powder of step (1) into a mechanical mixer, and add 750g of acetone to mechanically stir in an air environment, the stirring speed is 10000r/min, the mechanical stirring time is 0.5h, and the suspension is obtained after completion. The main purpose of this step is to realize the dispersion of the agglomerated graphene, the spreading of the corrugated graphene, and the uniform distribution of the spreading graphene in the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.
(3)将步骤(2)得到悬浊液置于喷雾干燥机的加料罐中，加料罐内搅拌速度为1000rpm，悬浊液在高压热风的作用下从静电喷枪中喷出，静电喷枪输出电压10kv，最终获得增强体与基体的均匀混合后的复合材料粉末，经过测试：本实施例粉末的收率为98.4％，而且经过本实施例的方法同样实现了团聚石墨烯的分散、褶皱状石墨烯的铺展。(3) Put the suspension obtained in step (2) into the feeding tank of the spray dryer. The stirring speed in the feeding tank is 1000 rpm. The suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air, and the output voltage of the electrostatic spray gun 10kv, and finally obtain the composite material powder after the reinforcement and the matrix are uniformly mixed. After testing: the yield of the powder in this example is 98.4%, and the method of this example also realizes the dispersion of agglomerated graphene and pleated graphite Spreading of ene.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still compare the foregoing embodiments. The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：A method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process is characterized in that it comprises the steps of:(1)将增强体粉末和铝基体粉末装入混合用容器中；然后加入液体相容剂进行机械搅拌，得到悬浊液；(1) Put the reinforcement powder and the aluminum matrix powder into the mixing container; then add the liquid compatibilizer for mechanical stirring to obtain a suspension;(2)在搅拌条件下将所述悬浊液在高压热风的作用下从静电喷枪中喷出，获得增强体与铝基体均匀混合形成的干燥粉末，即得。(2) The suspension is sprayed from the electrostatic spray gun under the action of high-pressure hot air under stirring conditions to obtain a dry powder formed by uniformly mixing the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix, which is obtained.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，按质量分数计，所述铝基体与增强体的混合比例为：99.9％～96％：0.1％～4％；优选地，所述增强体质量分数为0.15～1％，余量为铝基体。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the mixing ratio of the aluminum matrix and the reinforcement is 99.9% in terms of mass fraction. ~96%: 0.1% to 4%; preferably, the mass fraction of the reinforcement is 0.15 to 1%, and the balance is an aluminum matrix.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述增强体粉末为石墨烯或氧化石墨烯；优选地，所述石墨烯或氧化石墨烯的平均厚度1～30nm，平均片径100nm～100μm。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the reinforcement powder is graphene or graphene oxide; preferably, the graphite The average thickness of olefin or graphene oxide is 1-30nm, and the average sheet diameter is 100nm-100μm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述铝基体粉末为纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末，优选地，所述纯铝粉末或铝合金粉末平均粒径为1～100μm。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the aluminum matrix powder is pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder, preferably, the The average particle size of pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder is 1-100 μm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述液体相容剂的添加质量是增强体粉末和铝基体粉末总质量的1～5倍。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the added mass of the liquid compatibilizer is the total mass of the reinforcing powder and the aluminum matrix powder. 1 to 5 times of that.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末 的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述液体相容剂包括水、无水乙醇、丙酮中至少一种。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the liquid compatibilizer includes at least one of water, anhydrous ethanol, and acetone.
- 根据权利要求6所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，所述液体相容剂为水时，机械搅拌所处的气氛环境为惰性气体。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process according to claim 6, wherein when the liquid compatibilizer is water, the atmospheric environment in which the mechanical stirring is located is an inert gas.
- 根据权利要求1所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，所述液体相容剂为无水乙醇和/或丙酮时，机械搅拌所处的气氛环境为空气。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process according to claim 1, wherein when the liquid compatibilizer is anhydrous ethanol and/or acetone, the atmosphere of the mechanical stirring is air .
- 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，机械搅拌的速率为200～10000r/min，搅拌时间为0.5～20h。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder in a short process according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the mechanical stirring rate is 200-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-20 h.
- 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的短流程制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料粉末的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述搅拌速率为100rpm～1000rpm，所述静电喷枪输出电压为10～85kv。The method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder in a short process according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein in step (2), the stirring rate is 100 rpm to 1000 rpm, and the electrostatic spray gun outputs The voltage is 10-85kv.
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