WO2021232391A1

WO2021232391A1 - Product recovery method and device used in preparation and use processes of wastewater treatment agent

Info

Publication number: WO2021232391A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/091714
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姚鹤; 丁宏铃; 李建仓; 曾能; 唐丽梅; 雍红团华; 侯晓刚; 杨耀华; 张福晏; 朱竑卫
Original assignee: 兰州兰石中科纳米科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-22
Publication date: 2021-11-25
Also published as: CN115443185A

Abstract

The present application relates to a product recovery method and device used in the preparation and use processes of a wastewater treatment agent. The method comprises: obtaining a wastewater treatment agent by means of a first reaction process; introducing the wastewater treatment agent into wastewater produced by preparing a heavy metal, and obtaining a second reaction product by means of a second reaction process; carrying out a treatment on the second reaction product by means of a third reaction process to obtain a third reaction product, wherein the third reaction product comprises at least a first part and a second part; carrying out a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent; and carrying out a second recovery treatment on the second part to obtain a reactant for preparing the heavy metal.

Description

一种用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收方法和装置Product recovery method and device used in preparation and use process of wastewater treatment agent

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及废水处理领域，特别涉及一种用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收方法和装置。This application relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a product recovery method and device used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents.

背景技术Background technique

随着社会发展，环境保护变得越来越重要，相应地，对工业废水、废气等的处理显得尤为重要。例如，对于含重金属离子的废水，若处理不当，不仅会给生态环境带来很大威胁，而且还会浪费重金属资源。因此，需要提供一种用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收方法。With the development of society, environmental protection has become more and more important. Correspondingly, the treatment of industrial waste water and waste gas is particularly important. For example, if the wastewater containing heavy metal ions is improperly treated, it will not only pose a great threat to the ecological environment, but also waste heavy metal resources. Therefore, there is a need to provide a product recovery method used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本申请实施例之一提供一种方法，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收。所述方法包括：通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂；将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物，其中，所述第二反应产物至少包括所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物；通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物，其中，所述第三反应产物至少包括第一部分和第二部分；对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物；以及对所述第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备所述重金属的反应物。One of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for product recovery during the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents. The method includes: obtaining a wastewater treatment agent through a first reaction process; passing the wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater produced by preparing heavy metals, and obtaining a second reaction product through a second reaction process, wherein the second reaction product The reaction product at least includes the product after the wastewater treatment agent undergoes adsorption; through the third reaction process, the second reaction product is processed to obtain a third reaction product, wherein the third reaction product includes at least the first part And a second part; performing a first recovery process on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent; and performing a second recovery process on the second part to obtain a heavy metal Reactant.

在一些实施例中，所述通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂包括：以预设流速将镁盐溶液、沉淀剂和包覆剂分别通入反应装置；在第一反应条件下进行反应；以及经第一分离过程，得到产物盐溶液和所述废水处理剂。In some embodiments, the obtaining the wastewater treatment agent through the first reaction process includes: passing the magnesium salt solution, the precipitation agent, and the coating agent into the reaction device at a preset flow rate; and performing the reaction under the first reaction condition; And after the first separation process, the product salt solution and the wastewater treatment agent are obtained.

在一些实施例中，所述镁盐溶液包括硫酸镁溶液或氯化镁溶液。In some embodiments, the magnesium salt solution includes a magnesium sulfate solution or a magnesium chloride solution.

在一些实施例中，所述沉淀剂包括氢氧化钠溶液、氨水、氢氧化钙溶液。In some embodiments, the precipitating agent includes sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, and calcium hydroxide solution.

在一些实施例中，所述包覆剂包括油酸铵、油酸钠、硬脂酸铵、硬脂酸钠、氢化二聚酸铵、氢化二聚酸钠、二聚酸铵、二聚酸钠或十八烷基磷酸酯钾。In some embodiments, the coating agent includes ammonium oleate, sodium oleate, ammonium stearate, sodium stearate, ammonium hydrogenated dimerate, sodium hydrogenated dimerate, ammonium dimerate, dimer acid Sodium or potassium stearyl phosphate.

在一些实施例中，所述预设流速为200mL/min～20L/min。In some embodiments, the preset flow rate is 200 mL/min to 20 L/min.

在一些实施例中，所述第一反应条件包括第一反应温度20℃～50℃。In some embodiments, the first reaction conditions include a first reaction temperature of 20°C to 50°C.

在一些实施例中，所述产物盐溶液包括硫酸钠溶液；以及，所述方法还包括：对所述硫酸钠溶液进行结晶处理，生成芒硝。In some embodiments, the product salt solution includes a sodium sulfate solution; and, the method further includes: crystallizing the sodium sulfate solution to generate Glauber's salt.

在一些实施例中，所述将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物包括：所述废水处理剂在第二反应条件下吸附所述废水中的重金属；以及对经过吸附作用后的所述废水进行第二分离过程，得到所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。In some embodiments, said passing the waste water treatment agent into the waste water produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtaining the second reaction product through the second reaction process includes: the waste water treatment agent adsorbs all the waste water under the second reaction conditions. The heavy metals in the waste water; and the second separation process is performed on the waste water after adsorption to obtain the product of the waste water treatment agent after adsorption.

在一些实施例中，所述第二反应条件包括第二反应温度20℃～50℃。In some embodiments, the second reaction conditions include a second reaction temperature of 20°C to 50°C.

在一些实施例中，所述第二反应条件包括PH值为5～11。In some embodiments, the second reaction conditions include a pH value of 5-11.

在一些实施例中，所述制备重金属所产生的废水中包括镍、铜、钴、砷、镉、铅中的至少一种。In some embodiments, the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals includes at least one of nickel, copper, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, and lead.

在一些实施例中，所述通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物包括：向所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物中通入二氧化碳气体，在第三反应条件下进行脱附反应，得到第三反应产物；以及对所述第三反应产物进行第三分离过程，得到所述第一部分和所述第二部分。In some embodiments, the processing of the second reaction product through the third reaction process to obtain the third reaction product includes: passing carbon dioxide gas into the product after adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent, and Performing a desorption reaction under the third reaction condition to obtain a third reaction product; and performing a third separation process on the third reaction product to obtain the first part and the second part.

在一些实施例中，所述第三反应条件包括脱附反应的压力0.3MPa～0.5MPa。In some embodiments, the third reaction condition includes the pressure of the desorption reaction from 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

在一些实施例中，所述第一部分包括碳酸氢镁溶液；以及所述第二部分包括重金属碳酸盐沉淀。In some embodiments, the first part includes magnesium bicarbonate solution; and the second part includes heavy metal carbonate precipitation.

在一些实施例中，所述对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理包括：对所述碳酸氢镁溶液进行加热处理，得到碳酸镁沉淀；对所述碳酸镁沉淀进行煅烧处理，得到产物二氧化碳气体和氧化镁固体，所述产物二氧化碳气体循环用于所述第三反应过程的反应物；以及对所述氧化镁固体进行烟气脱硫反应，得到硫酸镁溶液，所述硫酸镁溶液用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物。In some embodiments, the performing the first recovery treatment on the first part includes: heating the magnesium bicarbonate solution to obtain a magnesium carbonate precipitate; and calcining the magnesium carbonate precipitate to obtain a product carbon dioxide gas And magnesium oxide solid, the product carbon dioxide gas is recycled for the reactant of the third reaction process; and the magnesium oxide solid is subjected to a flue gas desulfurization reaction to obtain a magnesium sulfate solution, and the magnesium sulfate solution is used to prepare the The reactant of the wastewater treatment agent.

本申请实施例之一提供一种装置，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收。所述装置包括：第一装置，用于通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂；第二装置，用于将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物，其中，所述第二反应产物至少包括所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物；第三装置，用于通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物，其中，所述第三反应产物至少包括第一部分和第二部分；第一回收装置，用于对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物；以及第二回收装置，用于对所述第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备所述重金属的反应物。One of the embodiments of the present application provides a device for product recovery during the preparation and use of a wastewater treatment agent. The device includes: a first device for obtaining a wastewater treatment agent through a first reaction process; a second device for passing the wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals through a second reaction process, Obtain a second reaction product, where the second reaction product at least includes the product after the wastewater treatment agent undergoes adsorption; a third device is used to process the second reaction product through a third reaction process, A third reaction product is obtained, wherein the third reaction product includes at least a first part and a second part; a first recovery device for performing a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain the waste water treatment agent And a second recovery device for performing a second recovery process on the second part to obtain a reactant for preparing the heavy metal.

附图说明Description of the drawings

本申请将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：This application will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, and these exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive. In these embodiments, the same number represents the same structure, in which:

图1是根据本申请一些实施例所示的用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的示例性产物回收方法的流程图；Figure 1 is a flowchart of an exemplary product recovery method used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents according to some embodiments of the present application;

图2是根据本申请一些实施例所示的用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的示例性产物回收装置的示意图；以及Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary product recovery device used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents according to some embodiments of the present application; and

图3是根据本申请一些实施例所示的用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的示例性产物回收方法的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary product recovery method used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents according to some embodiments of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative work, the application can be applied to the application according to these drawings. Other similar scenarios. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise stated, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

应当理解，本文使用的“***”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模块”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。It should be understood that the “system”, “device”, “unit” and/or “module” used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts, or assemblies of different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the words can be replaced by other expressions.

如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。As shown in the present application and claims, unless the context clearly suggests exceptional circumstances, the words "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "include" only suggest that the clearly identified steps and elements are included, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also include other steps or elements.

本申请中使用了流程图用来说明根据本申请的实施例的***所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。In this application, a flowchart is used to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of the application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed exactly in order. Instead, the steps can be processed in reverse order or at the same time. At the same time, other operations can be added to these processes, or a certain step or several operations can be removed from these processes.

本申请一方面涉及一种方法和装置，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收。废水处理剂可以吸附制备重金属所产生的废水中的重金属离子，得到废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物和经过吸附作用后的废水。经过吸附作用后的废水中的重金属离子含量减少，可以达到排放标准，因此可以直接排放，不会对生态环境产生危害。废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物可以经过处理和分离，并进一步进行回收处理，得到用于制备废水处理剂的反应物和用于制备重金属的反应物，使其得到循环利用，不仅保护环境，而且节约资源。One aspect of this application relates to a method and device for product recovery during the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents. The waste water treatment agent can adsorb heavy metal ions in the waste water produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtain the product of the waste water treatment agent after the adsorption and the waste water after the adsorption. After the adsorption, the content of heavy metal ions in the wastewater is reduced and can meet the discharge standard, so it can be directly discharged without harm to the ecological environment. The product after the adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent can be processed and separated, and further processed for recycling, to obtain the reactant for the preparation of the wastewater treatment agent and the reactant for the preparation of heavy metals, which can be recycled, which not only protects the environment, but also And save resources.

图1是根据本申请一些实施例所示的用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收方法的示例性流程图。在一些实施例中，过程100可以由控制***自动执行。例如，过程100可以通过控制指令实现，控制***基于控制指令，控制各个装置完成过程100的各个操作。在一些实施例中，过程100可以半自动执行。例如，过程100的一个或多个操作可以由操作者手动执行。在一些实施例中，在完成过程100时，可以添加一个或以上未描述的附加操作，和/或删减一个或以上此处所讨论的操作。另外，图1中所示的操作的顺序并非限制性的。Fig. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a product recovery method used in the preparation and use of a wastewater treatment agent according to some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the process 100 may be automatically performed by the control system. For example, the process 100 may be implemented through control instructions, and the control system controls various devices to complete the operations of the process 100 based on the control instructions. In some embodiments, the process 100 may be performed semi-automatically. For example, one or more operations of process 100 may be performed manually by an operator. In some embodiments, upon completion of process 100, one or more additional operations not described may be added, and/or one or more operations discussed herein may be deleted. In addition, the order of operations shown in FIG. 1 is not restrictive.

步骤110，通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂。在一些实施例中，第一反应过程可以通过第一装置实现。In step 110, a wastewater treatment agent is obtained through the first reaction process. In some embodiments, the first reaction process can be realized by the first device.

在一些实施例中，废水处理剂可以是纳米水处理剂。例如，废水处理剂可以是纳米氢氧化镁。在一些实施例中，制备废水处理剂的反应物可以包括镁盐溶液、沉淀剂和包覆剂。在一些实施例中，可以以预设流速将镁盐溶液、沉淀剂和包覆剂分别通入第一反应装置，在第一反应条件下进行反应，再经第一分离过程，得到产物盐溶液和废水处理剂。在一些实施例中，第一反应装置可以是气泡液膜反应器，气泡液膜反应器至少包括反应筒和搅拌装置。关于气泡液膜反应器的更多描述可以见2006年2月28日提交的中国申请CN200610033823.X以及见2020年4月30日提交的国际申请PCT/CN2020/088001，其全部内容通过引用方式并入本文。In some embodiments, the wastewater treatment agent may be a nano water treatment agent. For example, the wastewater treatment agent may be nano-magnesium hydroxide. In some embodiments, the reactants for preparing the wastewater treatment agent may include a magnesium salt solution, a precipitation agent, and a coating agent. In some embodiments, the magnesium salt solution, the precipitating agent, and the coating agent may be respectively introduced into the first reaction device at a preset flow rate, and the reaction is carried out under the first reaction conditions, and then the product salt solution is obtained through the first separation process. And wastewater treatment agent. In some embodiments, the first reaction device may be a bubble liquid film reactor, which includes at least a reaction cylinder and a stirring device. For more description of the bubble liquid film reactor, please refer to the Chinese application CN200610033823.X filed on February 28, 2006 and the international application PCT/CN2020/088001 filed on April 30, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference. Into this article.

在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液可以包括硫酸镁溶液、氯化镁溶液、硝酸镁溶液等。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是0.5mol/L～3mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是0.7mol/L～2.8mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是0.9mol/L～2.6mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是1.3mol/L～2.2mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是1.5mol/L～2.0mol/L。在一些实施例中，镁盐溶液的浓度可以是1.7mol/L～1.8mol/L。In some embodiments, the magnesium salt solution may include magnesium sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution, magnesium nitrate solution, and the like. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 0.5 mol/L to 3 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 0.7 mol/L to 2.8 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 0.9 mol/L to 2.6 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 1.1 mol/L to 2.4 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 1.3 mol/L to 2.2 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 1.5 mol/L to 2.0 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the magnesium salt solution may be 1.7 mol/L to 1.8 mol/L.

在一些实施例中，沉淀剂可以用于沉淀镁盐溶液。在一些实施例中，沉淀剂可以包括氢氧化钠溶液、氨水、氢氧化钙溶液等。在一些实施例中，沉淀剂还可以包括氨气等。在一些实施例中，沉淀剂的浓度可以根据镁盐溶液的浓度以及镁盐溶液和沉淀剂通入第一反应装置的流速确定，以使参与反应的镁盐和沉淀剂的化学反应计量比为1∶2。例如，若镁盐溶液和沉淀剂通入第一反应装置的流速相同，硫酸镁溶液的浓度可以是1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L，相应的沉淀剂氢氧化钠溶液的浓度可以是2.2mol/L～4.8mol/L，或者，氯化镁溶液的浓度可以是1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L，相应的沉淀剂氢氧化钠溶液的浓度可以是2.2mol/L～4.8mol/L。又例如，若镁盐溶液和沉淀剂通入第一反应装置的流速为1∶2，氯化镁溶液的浓度可以是1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L，相应的沉淀剂氢氧化钠溶液的浓度可以是1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L。In some embodiments, the precipitating agent may be used to precipitate the magnesium salt solution. In some embodiments, the precipitating agent may include sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, calcium hydroxide solution, and the like. In some embodiments, the precipitation agent may also include ammonia gas and the like. In some embodiments, the concentration of the precipitating agent can be determined according to the concentration of the magnesium salt solution and the flow rate of the magnesium salt solution and the precipitating agent passing into the first reaction device, so that the stoichiometric ratio of the magnesium salt and the precipitating agent participating in the reaction is 1:2. For example, if the flow rate of the magnesium salt solution and the precipitation agent into the first reaction device is the same, the concentration of the magnesium sulfate solution can be 1.1 mol/L ~ 2.4 mol/L, and the concentration of the corresponding precipitation agent sodium hydroxide solution can be 2.2 mol /L～4.8mol/L, or the concentration of the magnesium chloride solution can be 1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L, and the concentration of the corresponding precipitation agent sodium hydroxide solution can be 2.2mol/L～4.8mol/L. For another example, if the flow rate of the magnesium salt solution and the precipitation agent into the first reaction device is 1:2, the concentration of the magnesium chloride solution can be 1.1 mol/L to 2.4 mol/L, and the concentration of the corresponding precipitation agent sodium hydroxide solution can be It is 1.1mol/L～2.4mol/L.

在一些实施例中，制备废水处理剂过程中还可以使用气体，用于使反应物混合均匀，增强相间传质传热。气体可以将反应物分隔成气泡液膜，气泡为分散相，液膜为连续相，形成纳米反应环境。镁盐溶液和沉淀剂可以在液膜内反应，生成纳米粒子。在一些实施例中，气体可以是惰性气体，例如，氮气、氦气等。In some embodiments, gas can also be used in the process of preparing the wastewater treatment agent, which is used to mix the reactants uniformly and enhance the mass and heat transfer between phases. The gas can separate the reactant into a bubble liquid film, the bubble is the dispersed phase, and the liquid film is the continuous phase, forming a nano-reaction environment. The magnesium salt solution and the precipitating agent can react in the liquid film to generate nanoparticles. In some embodiments, the gas may be an inert gas, such as nitrogen, helium, and the like.

在一些实施例中，包覆剂可以包括脂肪酸、聚不饱和脂肪酸、在S、P、Ti或Si中心原子上至少带有一个羟基的磺酸酯、硫酸酯、磷酸酯、钛酸酯、硅酸酯等。在一些实施例中，包覆剂可以包括油酸铵、油酸钠、硬脂酸铵、硬脂酸钠、氢化二聚酸铵、氢化二聚酸钠、二聚酸铵、二聚酸钠、十八烷基磷酸酯钾等。包覆剂的非极性部分可以伸向气泡内部，极性部分可以伸向液膜。包覆剂可以在气泡与液膜的界面处与新生成的纳米粒子的表面结合，形成包覆层，生成纳米胶囊粒子(即纳米废水处理剂)。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.005mol/L～0.02mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.006mol/L～0.019mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.007mol/L～0.018mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.008mol/L～0.017mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.009mol/L～0.016mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.01mol/L～0.015mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.011mol/L～0.014mol/L。在一些实施例中，包覆剂的浓度可以是0.012mol/L～0.013mol/L。In some embodiments, the coating agent may include fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, titanate, silicon Acid esters and so on. In some embodiments, the coating agent may include ammonium oleate, sodium oleate, ammonium stearate, sodium stearate, ammonium hydrogenated dimerate, sodium hydrogenated dimerate, ammonium dimerate, sodium dimerate , Potassium octadecyl phosphate, etc. The non-polar part of the coating can extend to the inside of the bubble, and the polar part can extend to the liquid film. The coating agent can be combined with the surface of the newly generated nanoparticles at the interface between the bubbles and the liquid film to form a coating layer to generate nanocapsule particles (ie, nano wastewater treatment agent). In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.005 mol/L to 0.02 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.006 mol/L to 0.019 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.007 mol/L to 0.018 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.008 mol/L to 0.017 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.009 mol/L to 0.016 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.01 mol/L to 0.015 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.011 mol/L to 0.014 mol/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the coating agent may be 0.012 mol/L to 0.013 mol/L.

在一些实施例中，将镁盐溶液、沉淀剂和包覆剂分别通入第一反应装置的预设流速可以是200mL/min～20000mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是210mL/min～15000mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是220mL/min～10000mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是230mL/min～6000mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是240mL/min～2000mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是250mL/min～800mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是260mL/min～600mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是270mL/min～400mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是280mL/min～360mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是290mL/min～320mL/min。在一些实施例中，预设流速可以是300mL/min。In some embodiments, the predetermined flow rate at which the magnesium salt solution, the precipitation agent, and the coating agent are respectively introduced into the first reaction device may be 200 mL/min to 20000 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 210 mL/min to 15000 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 220 mL/min to 10000 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 230 mL/min to 6000 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 240 mL/min to 2000 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 250 mL/min to 800 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 260 mL/min to 600 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 270 mL/min to 400 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 280 mL/min to 360 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 290 mL/min to 320 mL/min. In some embodiments, the preset flow rate may be 300 mL/min.

在一些实施例中，第一反应条件可以包括第一反应温度。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是20℃～50℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是21℃～45℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是22℃～40℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是23℃～35℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是24℃～30℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是25℃～28℃。在一些实施例中，第一反应温度可以是26℃～27℃。In some embodiments, the first reaction conditions may include a first reaction temperature. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 20°C-50°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 21°C to 45°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 22°C-40°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 23°C to 35°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 24°C to 30°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 25°C-28°C. In some embodiments, the first reaction temperature may be 26°C-27°C.

在一些实施例中，第一反应条件可以包括气泡液膜反应器的搅拌速度。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是1000r/min～6000r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是1500r/min～5500r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是2000r/min～5000r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是2500r/min～4500r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是3000r/min～4000r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是3200r/min～3800r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是3400r/min～3600r/m。在一些实施例中，搅拌速度可以是3500r/m。In some embodiments, the first reaction condition may include the stirring speed of the bubble liquid film reactor. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 1000 r/min to 6000 r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 1500r/min to 5500r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 2000 r/min to 5000 r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 2500r/min to 4500r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 3000 r/min to 4000 r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 3200 r/min to 3800 r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 3400r/min to 3600r/m. In some embodiments, the stirring speed may be 3500 r/m.

在一些实施例中，在第一反应条件下进行反应后的反应产物可以是泡沫状反应产物。第一分离过程可以包括对反应产物(例如，泡沫状反应产物)进行过滤、洗涤、干燥等。在一些实施例中，第一分离过程可以通过第一分离装置实现。在一些实施例中，反应产物经第一分离过程后，可以得到产物盐溶液和废水处理剂。In some embodiments, the reaction product after performing the reaction under the first reaction conditions may be a foamy reaction product. The first separation process may include filtering, washing, drying, etc., the reaction product (for example, a foamy reaction product). In some embodiments, the first separation process can be implemented by a first separation device. In some embodiments, after the reaction product undergoes the first separation process, the product salt solution and the wastewater treatment agent can be obtained.

在一些实施例中，产物盐溶液可以包括硫酸钠溶液、氯化钠溶液、硝酸钠溶液、硫酸铵溶液、氯化铵溶液、硝酸铵溶液、硫酸钙溶液、氯化钙溶液、硝酸钙溶液等。在一些实施例中，若产物盐溶液为硫酸钠溶液，还可以对硫酸钠溶液进行结晶处理，生成芒硝(十水合硫酸钠)。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-4℃～-10℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-4.2℃～-9.5℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-4.4℃～-9℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-4.6℃～-8.5℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-4.8℃～-8℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-5℃～-7.5℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-5.2℃～-7℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-5.4℃～-6.8℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-5.6℃～-6.6℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-5.8℃～-6.4℃。在一些实施例中，结晶处理的结晶温度可以是-6℃～-6.2℃。In some embodiments, the product salt solution may include sodium sulfate solution, sodium chloride solution, sodium nitrate solution, ammonium sulfate solution, ammonium chloride solution, ammonium nitrate solution, calcium sulfate solution, calcium chloride solution, calcium nitrate solution, etc. . In some embodiments, if the product salt solution is a sodium sulfate solution, the sodium sulfate solution can also be crystallized to generate Glauber's salt (sodium sulfate decahydrate). In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -4°C to -10°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -4.2°C to -9.5°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -4.4°C to -9°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -4.6°C to -8.5°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -4.8°C to -8°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -5°C to -7.5°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -5.2°C to -7°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -5.4°C to -6.8°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -5.6°C to -6.6°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -5.8°C to -6.4°C. In some embodiments, the crystallization temperature of the crystallization treatment may be -6°C to -6.2°C.

步骤120，将废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物。在一些实施例中，第二反应过程可以通过第二装置实现。In step 120, the wastewater treatment agent is passed into the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and a second reaction product is obtained through a second reaction process. In some embodiments, the second reaction process can be realized by a second device.

在一些实施例中，制备重金属所产生的废水可以是由重金属冶炼装置(或重金属冶炼生产线)所产生。在一些实施例中，制备重金属所产生的废水中可以包括镍、铜、钴、砷、镉、铅中的至少一种。在一些实施例中，镍的含量可以是20mg/L～40mg/L。在一些实施例中，铜的含量可以是3mg/L～6mg/L。在一些实施例中，钴的含量可以是0.2mg/L～1.0mg/L。在一些实施例中，砷的含量可以是2mg/L～6mg/L。在一些实施例中，镉的含量可以是0.02mg/L～0.06mg/L。在一些实施例中，铅的含量可以是1mg/L～3mg/L。In some embodiments, the waste water produced by the preparation of heavy metals may be produced by a heavy metal smelting device (or a heavy metal smelting production line). In some embodiments, the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals may include at least one of nickel, copper, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, and lead. In some embodiments, the content of nickel may be 20 mg/L to 40 mg/L. In some embodiments, the content of copper may be 3 mg/L to 6 mg/L. In some embodiments, the content of cobalt may be 0.2 mg/L to 1.0 mg/L. In some embodiments, the content of arsenic may be 2 mg/L to 6 mg/L. In some embodiments, the content of cadmium may be 0.02 mg/L to 0.06 mg/L. In some embodiments, the content of lead may be 1 mg/L to 3 mg/L.

在一些实施例中，废水处理剂可以在第二反应条件下吸附废水中的重金属；然后可以对经过吸附作用后的废水进行第二分离过程，得到废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。在一些实施例中，吸附过程可以通过第二反应装置实现。在一些实施例中，第二反应装置可以是吸附反应器。在一些实施例中，可以根据废水处理剂对各类重金属离子的饱和吸附量，将废水处理剂和废水计量通入第二反应装置。例如，纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂对废水中重金属离子的饱和吸附量为：74.07mg/g，即，1g纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂可以吸附74.07mg重金属离子。In some embodiments, the wastewater treatment agent can adsorb heavy metals in the wastewater under the second reaction conditions; then, the wastewater after the adsorption can be subjected to a second separation process to obtain the product of the wastewater treatment agent after the adsorption. In some embodiments, the adsorption process can be realized by a second reaction device. In some embodiments, the second reaction device may be an adsorption reactor. In some embodiments, the wastewater treatment agent and wastewater can be metered into the second reaction device according to the saturated adsorption capacity of various heavy metal ions by the wastewater treatment agent. For example, the saturated adsorption capacity of the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent for heavy metal ions in the wastewater is 74.07 mg/g, that is, 1 g of the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent can adsorb 74.07 mg of heavy metal ions.

在一些实施例中，第二反应条件可以包括第二反应温度。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是20℃～50℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是21℃～45℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是22℃～40℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是23℃～35℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是24℃～30℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是25℃～28℃。在一些实施例中，第二反应温度可以是26℃～27℃。In some embodiments, the second reaction conditions may include a second reaction temperature. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 20°C-50°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 21°C to 45°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 22°C-40°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 23°C to 35°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 24°C to 30°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 25°C-28°C. In some embodiments, the second reaction temperature may be 26°C-27°C.

在一些实施例中，第二反应条件可以包括pH值。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是5～11。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是5.5～10.5。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是6～10。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是6.5～9.5。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是7～9。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是7.5～8.5。在一些实施例中，该pH值可以是8。In some embodiments, the second reaction conditions may include pH. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 5-11. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 5.5-10.5. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 6-10. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 6.5 to 9.5. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 7-9. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 7.5 to 8.5. In some embodiments, the pH value may be 8.

在一些实施例中，第二反应条件还可以包括搅拌时间。搅拌时间会影响废水处理剂对废水中的重金属离子的吸附速度。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是10min～60min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是15min～55min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是20min～50min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是25min～45min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是30min～40min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是32min～38min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是34min～36min。在一些实施例中，搅拌时间可以是35min。In some embodiments, the second reaction conditions may also include stirring time. The mixing time will affect the adsorption speed of the wastewater treatment agent to the heavy metal ions in the wastewater. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 10 minutes to 60 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 15 minutes to 55 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 20 minutes to 50 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 25 minutes to 45 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 30 minutes to 40 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 32 minutes to 38 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 34 minutes to 36 minutes. In some embodiments, the stirring time may be 35 minutes.

在一些实施例中，第二分离过程可以包括将经过吸附作用后的废水(其中包括废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物，即吸附了重金属离子的固体物质)进行过滤。过滤后可以得到第二反应产物。第二反应产物至少包括废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。在一些实施例中，第二分离过程可以通过第二分离装置实现。在一些实施例中，过滤掉第二反应产物后，经过吸附作用后的废水中的重金属离子的含量分别为：总镍1.0mg/L、总钴1.0 mg/L、总铜0.5mg/L、总镉0.1mg/L、总砷0.5mg/L。因而，废水处理剂对制备重金属所产生的废水进行吸附后，得到的经过吸附作用后的废水可以达到排放标准，因此可以直接排放。In some embodiments, the second separation process may include filtering the wastewater after adsorption (including the product of the wastewater treatment agent after adsorption, that is, the solid matter that adsorbs heavy metal ions). After filtration, the second reaction product can be obtained. The second reaction product at least includes the product after the wastewater treatment agent undergoes adsorption. In some embodiments, the second separation process can be implemented by a second separation device. In some embodiments, after filtering the second reaction product, the content of heavy metal ions in the wastewater after adsorption is: total nickel 1.0 mg/L, total cobalt 1.0 mg/L, total copper 0.5 mg/L, Total cadmium is 0.1mg/L, total arsenic is 0.5mg/L. Therefore, after the wastewater treatment agent adsorbs the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals, the obtained wastewater after adsorption can meet the discharge standard, and therefore can be directly discharged.

步骤130，通过第三反应过程，对第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物。在一些实施例中，第三反应过程可以通过第三装置实现。In step 130, the second reaction product is processed through the third reaction process to obtain the third reaction product. In some embodiments, the third reaction process can be realized by a third device.

在一些实施例中，可以向第二反应产物中通入二氧化碳气体，在第三反应条件下进行脱附反应，得到第三反应产物。第三反应产物至少可以包括第一部分和第二部分。进一步地，可以对第三反应产物进行第三分离过程，得到第一部分和第二部分。在一些实施例中，脱附反应可以通过第三反应装置实现。在一些实施例中，第三反应装置可以是脱附反应器。具体地，可以将第二反应产物(即，废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物)与软水混合，并搅拌使第二反应产物(废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物)分散。进一步地，通过泥浆泵将分散后的第二反应产物通入脱附反应器进行脱附反应。In some embodiments, carbon dioxide gas may be passed into the second reaction product, and the desorption reaction is performed under the third reaction conditions to obtain the third reaction product. The third reaction product may include at least a first part and a second part. Further, the third reaction product can be subjected to a third separation process to obtain the first part and the second part. In some embodiments, the desorption reaction can be realized by a third reaction device. In some embodiments, the third reaction device may be a desorption reactor. Specifically, the second reaction product (that is, the product after the wastewater treatment agent has undergone adsorption) can be mixed with soft water, and stirred to disperse the second reaction product (the product after the wastewater treatment agent has undergone adsorption). Further, the dispersed second reaction product is passed into the desorption reactor through a mud pump for desorption reaction.

在一些实施例中，第三反应条件可以包括脱附反应的压力，即为第三反应产物所处第三反应装置内气体的压力。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.3MPa～0.5MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.31MPa～0.49MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.32MPa～0.48MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.33MPa～0.47MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.34MPa～0.46MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.35MPa～0.45MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.36MPa～0.44MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.37MPa～0.43MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.38MPa～0.42MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.39MPa～0.41MPa。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的压力可以包括0.4 MPa。In some embodiments, the third reaction condition may include the pressure of the desorption reaction, that is, the pressure of the gas in the third reaction device where the third reaction product is located. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.31 MPa to 0.49 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.32 MPa to 0.48 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.33 MPa to 0.47 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.34 MPa to 0.46 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.35 MPa to 0.45 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.36 MPa to 0.44 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.37 MPa to 0.43 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.38 MPa to 0.42 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.39 MPa to 0.41 MPa. In some embodiments, the pressure of the desorption reaction may include 0.4 MPa.

在一些实施例中，第三反应条件可以包括脱附反应的压力维持时间。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括1h～6h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括1.5h～5.5h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括2h～5h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括2.5h～4.5h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括2.7h～4.3h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括2.9h～4.1h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括3.1h～3.9h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括3.3h～3.7h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括3.4h～3.6h。在一些实施例中，压力维持时间可以包括3.5h。In some embodiments, the third reaction condition may include the pressure maintenance time of the desorption reaction. In some embodiments, the pressure maintenance time may include 1 h to 6 h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 1.5h to 5.5h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 2h to 5h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 2.5h to 4.5h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintenance time may include 2.7h to 4.3h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 2.9h to 4.1h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 3.1h to 3.9h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 3.3h to 3.7h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintaining time may include 3.4h to 3.6h. In some embodiments, the pressure maintenance time may include 3.5 hours.

在一些实施例中，第三反应条件可以包括脱附反应的温度。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括20℃～50℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括22℃～48℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括24℃～46℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括26℃～44℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括28℃～42℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括30℃～40℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括31℃～39℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括32℃～38℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括33℃～37℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括34℃～36℃。在一些实施例中，脱附反应的温度可以包括35℃。In some embodiments, the third reaction condition may include the temperature of the desorption reaction. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 20°C to 50°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 22°C to 48°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 24°C to 46°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 26°C to 44°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 28°C to 42°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 30°C to 40°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 31°C to 39°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 32°C to 38°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 33°C to 37°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 34°C to 36°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the desorption reaction may include 35°C.

在一些实施例中，第三反应产物中的第一部分可以包括碳酸氢镁溶液，第二部分可以包括重金属碳酸盐沉淀。In some embodiments, the first part of the third reaction product may include magnesium bicarbonate solution, and the second part may include heavy metal carbonate precipitation.

在一些实施例中，第三分离过程可以包括过滤。对第三反应产物进行过滤操作，从而得到上述第一部分和第二部分。在一些实施例中，第三分离过程可以通过第三分离装置实现。In some embodiments, the third separation process may include filtration. The third reaction product is filtered to obtain the above-mentioned first part and second part. In some embodiments, the third separation process can be implemented by a third separation device.

步骤140，对第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备废水处理剂的反应物。在一些实施例中，第一回收处理可以通过第一回收装置实现。Step 140: Perform a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing a wastewater treatment agent. In some embodiments, the first recovery process can be implemented by a first recovery device.

在一些实施例中，如步骤130所述，第一部分可以包括碳酸氢镁溶液。相应地，可以对碳酸氢镁溶液进行加热处理，得到碱式碳酸镁沉淀。在一些实施例中，加热温度可以是50℃～80℃。然后，可以对碳酸镁沉淀进行煅烧处理，得到产物二氧化碳气体和氧化镁固体，其中产物二氧化碳气体循环用于上述第三反应过程的反应物。在一些实施例中，煅烧处理的温度可以是600℃～700℃。进一步地，可以对氧化镁固体进行烟气脱硫反应，可以得到硫酸镁溶液。具体地，可以将氧化镁固体与水混合形成氧化镁浆液，然后将烟气(例如，可以包括二氧化硫、三氧化硫中的至少一种)与氧化镁浆液逆向流动接触，使其充分反应，生成亚硫酸镁溶液。在一些实施例中，烟气可以与氧化镁浆液进行多次(例如，两次、三次)逆向流动接触，使烟气中的二氧化硫和/或三氧化硫气体被充分吸收，以使处理后的烟气达到排放标准，可以直接排放。例如，若处理后的烟气中颗粒物的含量为19mg/m ³、二氧化硫的含量为48mg/m ³、氮氧化物的含量为190mg/m ³、烟气黑度为1mg/m ³，则该烟气可以直接排放。再进一步地，亚硫酸镁溶液可以进行氧化反应(例如，与氧气或空气反应)生成硫酸镁溶液。硫酸镁溶液可以作为制备废水处理剂的反应物(即，镁盐溶液)。在一些实施例中，为了保证硫酸镁溶液的纯净度，可以对经过氧化反应后的硫酸镁溶液进行固液分离，过滤后得到的清液用于制备废水处理剂的反应物。 In some embodiments, as described in step 130, the first part may include a magnesium bicarbonate solution. Correspondingly, the magnesium bicarbonate solution can be heated to obtain a basic magnesium carbonate precipitate. In some embodiments, the heating temperature may be 50°C to 80°C. Then, the magnesium carbonate precipitate can be calcined to obtain product carbon dioxide gas and magnesium oxide solid, wherein the product carbon dioxide gas is circulated for the reactant in the above-mentioned third reaction process. In some embodiments, the temperature of the calcination treatment may be 600°C to 700°C. Furthermore, the magnesium oxide solid can be subjected to a flue gas desulfurization reaction to obtain a magnesium sulfate solution. Specifically, magnesium oxide solids can be mixed with water to form a magnesium oxide slurry, and then the flue gas (for example, it can include at least one of sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide) and the magnesium oxide slurry are contacted in counter-current flow to make it fully react to produce Magnesium sulfite solution. In some embodiments, the flue gas may be contacted with the magnesium oxide slurry for multiple times (for example, two or three times) in counter-current flow, so that the sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide gas in the flue gas is fully absorbed, so that the treated The flue gas reaches the emission standard and can be discharged directly. For example, if the content of particulate matter in the treated flue gas is 19 mg/m ³ , the content of sulfur dioxide is 48 mg/m ³ , the content of nitrogen oxides is 190 mg/m ³ , and the smoke blackness is 1 mg/m ³ , the The flue gas can be discharged directly. Still further, the magnesium sulfite solution can undergo an oxidation reaction (for example, react with oxygen or air) to generate a magnesium sulfate solution. Magnesium sulfate solution can be used as a reactant (ie, magnesium salt solution) for preparing the wastewater treatment agent. In some embodiments, in order to ensure the purity of the magnesium sulfate solution, the magnesium sulfate solution after the oxidation reaction may be subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the clear liquid obtained after filtration is used to prepare the reactant of the wastewater treatment agent.

步骤150，对第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备重金属的反应物。在一些实施例中，第二回收处理可以通过第二回收装置实现。Step 150: Perform a second recovery process on the second part to obtain a reactant for preparing heavy metals. In some embodiments, the second recovery process can be implemented by a second recovery device.

在一些实施例中，如步骤130所述，第二部分可以包括重金属碳酸盐沉淀。相应地，可以对重金属碳酸盐沉淀进行回收冶炼，完成重金属的回收利用。In some embodiments, as described in step 130, the second part may include heavy metal carbonate precipitation. Correspondingly, heavy metal carbonate precipitation can be recovered and smelted to complete the recovery and utilization of heavy metals.

应当注意的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制技术方案，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，那些对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limiting the technical solutions. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that those who modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the technical solutions. The purpose and scope of should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

图2是根据本申请一些实施例所示的用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的示例性产物回收装置的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary product recovery device used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents according to some embodiments of the present application.

如图2所示，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收装置可以包括第一装置、第二装置、第三装置、第一回收装置和第二回收装置。As shown in FIG. 2, the product recovery device used in the preparation and use of the wastewater treatment agent may include a first device, a second device, a third device, a first recovery device, and a second recovery device.

第一装置可以用于通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂。在一些实施例中，第一装置可以至少包括第一反应装置(例如，气泡液膜反应器)和第一分离装置(例如，过滤器)。在一些实施例中，可以以预设流速将镁盐溶液、沉淀剂、包覆剂分别通入(例如，通过计量泵加入)第一反应装置，在第一反应条件下进行反应，再经第一分离过程，得到产物盐溶液和废水处理剂。具体地，在通入反应物的同时向第一反应装置中通入惰性气体，气体被分散成多边形多面体的气泡流，反应物被气泡分隔成液膜，气泡为分散相，液膜为连续相，构成纳米反应环境，反应物在液膜内进行反应，生成纳米胶囊粒子(即纳米废水处理剂)。然后再通过第一分离装置，得到产物盐溶液和废水处理剂。关于第一反应过程的更多描述可见本申请其他位置，例如图1及其描述。The first device can be used to obtain a wastewater treatment agent through the first reaction process. In some embodiments, the first device may include at least a first reaction device (for example, a bubble liquid film reactor) and a first separation device (for example, a filter). In some embodiments, the magnesium salt solution, the precipitant, and the coating agent can be separately introduced (for example, added by a metering pump) into the first reaction device at a preset flow rate, and the reaction is carried out under the first reaction conditions, and then the first reaction device is reacted under the first reaction condition. In a separation process, the product salt solution and waste water treatment agent are obtained. Specifically, the inert gas is introduced into the first reaction device while the reactant is passed in. The gas is dispersed into a stream of polygonal polyhedral bubbles. The reactant is separated into a liquid film by the bubbles. The bubbles are the dispersed phase and the liquid film is the continuous phase. , To form a nano-reaction environment, the reactants react in the liquid film to generate nano-capsule particles (ie, nano-wastewater treatment agent). Then it passes through the first separation device to obtain the product salt solution and the wastewater treatment agent. More descriptions of the first reaction process can be found elsewhere in this application, such as Figure 1 and its description.

第二装置可以用于将废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物，其中，第二反应产物至少包括废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。在一些实施例中，第二装置可以至少包括第二反应装置(例如，吸附反应器)和第二分离装置(例如，过滤器)。在一些实施例中，可以将废水处理剂(例如，纳米氢氧化镁)通入重金属冶炼所产生的废水中，废水处理剂吸附废水中的镍、铜、钴、砷、镉、铅等重金属离子，然后再通过第二分离装置，对经过吸附作用后的废水(其中包括废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物)进行第二分离过程，得到废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。关于第二反应过程的更多描述可见本申请其他位置，例如图1及其描述。The second device can be used to pass the wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtain a second reaction product through the second reaction process, wherein the second reaction product at least includes the product after the wastewater treatment agent undergoes adsorption. In some embodiments, the second device may include at least a second reaction device (for example, an adsorption reactor) and a second separation device (for example, a filter). In some embodiments, the wastewater treatment agent (for example, nano-magnesium hydroxide) can be passed into the wastewater generated by heavy metal smelting, and the wastewater treatment agent adsorbs heavy metal ions such as nickel, copper, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, and lead in the wastewater. , And then through the second separation device, the wastewater after adsorption (including the product after the adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent) is subjected to a second separation process to obtain the product after the adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent. More descriptions about the second reaction process can be found elsewhere in this application, such as Figure 1 and its description.

第三装置可以用于通过第三反应过程，对第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物，其中，第三反应产物至少包括第一部分和第二部分。在一些实施例中，第三装置可以至少包括第三反应装置(例如，脱附反应器)和第三分离装置(例如，过滤器)。具体地，可以向废水处理剂(例如，纳米氢氧化镁)经过吸附作用后的产物中通入二氧化碳气体，在第三反应条件下进行脱附反应，得到第三反应产物(其中包括第一部分和第二部分，例如，碳酸氢镁溶液和重金属碳酸盐沉淀)。进一步地，通过第三分离装置对第三反应产物进行第三分离过程，得到第一部分和第二部分。关于第三反应过程的更多描述可见本申请其他位置，例如图1及其描述。The third device can be used to process the second reaction product through a third reaction process to obtain a third reaction product, wherein the third reaction product at least includes a first part and a second part. In some embodiments, the third device may include at least a third reaction device (for example, a desorption reactor) and a third separation device (for example, a filter). Specifically, carbon dioxide gas can be introduced into the product of the wastewater treatment agent (for example, nano-magnesium hydroxide) after adsorption, and the desorption reaction can be carried out under the third reaction condition to obtain the third reaction product (including the first part and The second part, for example, magnesium bicarbonate solution and heavy metal carbonate precipitation). Further, the third reaction product is subjected to a third separation process through the third separation device to obtain the first part and the second part. More descriptions about the third reaction process can be found elsewhere in this application, such as Figure 1 and its description.

第一回收装置可以用于对第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物。在一些实施例中，第一部分可以包括碳酸氢镁溶液。相应地，第一回收装置可以至少包括第一加热装置(例如，加热炉)、煅烧装置(例如，煅烧炉)和烟气脱硫装置。具体地，可以通过第一加热装置对碳酸氢镁溶液进行加热处理，得到碱式碳酸镁沉淀。再通过煅烧装置对碱式碳酸镁沉淀进行煅烧处理，得到产物二氧化碳气体和氧化镁固体，其中产物二氧化碳气体可以循环用于第三反应过程的反应物。进一步地，还可以通过烟气脱硫装置对氧化镁固体进行烟气脱硫反应，得到硫酸镁溶液，硫酸镁溶液用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物。The first recovery device may be used to perform a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent. In some embodiments, the first part may include a magnesium bicarbonate solution. Correspondingly, the first recovery device may include at least a first heating device (for example, a heating furnace), a calcining device (for example, a calcining furnace), and a flue gas desulfurization device. Specifically, the magnesium bicarbonate solution can be heated by the first heating device to obtain basic magnesium carbonate precipitation. The basic magnesium carbonate precipitate is calcined by a calcining device to obtain product carbon dioxide gas and magnesium oxide solid, wherein the product carbon dioxide gas can be recycled for the reactant of the third reaction process. Further, it is also possible to perform a flue gas desulfurization reaction on the magnesium oxide solid by a flue gas desulfurization device to obtain a magnesium sulfate solution, which is used to prepare the reactant of the wastewater treatment agent.

第二回收装置可以用于对第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备重金属的反应物。在一些实施例中，第二部分可以包括重金属碳酸盐沉淀。相应地，第二回收装置可以包括冶炼回收装置，用于对重金属碳酸盐沉淀进行回收冶炼，完成重金属的回收利用。The second recovery device can be used to perform a second recovery process on the second part to obtain a reactant for preparing heavy metals. In some embodiments, the second part may include heavy metal carbonate precipitation. Correspondingly, the second recovery device may include a smelting recovery device for recovering and smelting heavy metal carbonate precipitation to complete the recovery and utilization of heavy metals.

图3是根据本申请一些实施例所示的一种用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的示例性产物回收方法的示意图。为了方便，以下以硫酸镁盐溶液、氢氧化钠溶液和油酸钠水溶液制备的纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂为例进行描述，并不旨在限制本申请的保护范围。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary product recovery method used in the preparation and use of wastewater treatment agents according to some embodiments of the present application. For convenience, the following description takes the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent prepared from magnesium sulfate salt solution, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium oleate aqueous solution as an example, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

步骤1：将浓度为1mol/L的硫酸镁盐溶液、浓度为2mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液和浓度为0.01mol/L的油酸钠水溶液，在温度20～50℃下，分别用计量泵以300mL/min的流速加入到气泡液膜反应器R301中，并通入惰性气体。气体将各反应物分隔成气泡液膜，硫酸镁盐溶液和氢氧化钠溶液在气泡液膜内连续反应生成纳米氢氧化镁。然后经第一过滤装置F301过滤后，每分钟得到17.4g(即，17.4g/min)纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂和900mL(即，900mL/min)硫酸钠溶液(其中，硫酸钠的产量为42.6g/min)。硫酸钠溶液还可以通入结晶装置R304中进行低温结晶得到芒硝。Step 1: Take the magnesium sulfate salt solution with a concentration of 1mol/L, the sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 2mol/L and the sodium oleate solution with a concentration of 0.01mol/L at a temperature of 20～50℃, respectively with a metering pump Add to bubble liquid film reactor R301 at a flow rate of 300 mL/min, and pass inert gas. The gas separates each reactant into a bubble liquid film, and the magnesium sulfate salt solution and the sodium hydroxide solution continuously react in the bubble liquid film to generate nanometer magnesium hydroxide. Then, after filtering by the first filter device F301, 17.4g (ie, 17.4g/min) of nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent and 900mL (ie, 900mL/min) of sodium sulfate solution (wherein, the output of sodium sulfate is 42.6g/min). The sodium sulfate solution can also be passed into the crystallization device R304 for low-temperature crystallization to obtain Glauber's salt.

步骤2：向吸附反应器R302中通入的2L重金属废水，重金属废水中重金属的含量分别是：Ni为100mg/L、Co为0mg/L、Cu为50mg/L。将5.4g纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂加入吸附反应器R302中，在温度20℃～50℃下，控制吸附反应器R302中液体的PH值为5～11，并搅拌10min～60min后完成对重金属废水中重金属离子的吸附。然后经第二过滤装置F302过滤后，得到5.8g吸附重金属后的纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂(即，废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物)和2L经过吸附作用后的废水。经过吸附作用后的废水经检测重金属的含量分别是：Ni为0.01mg/L、Co为0.01mg/L、Cu为0.01mg/L，达到了直接排放的标准，可以直接排放。Step 2: Pass 2L of heavy metal wastewater into the adsorption reactor R302. The content of heavy metal in the heavy metal wastewater is respectively: Ni is 100mg/L, Co is 0mg/L, and Cu is 50mg/L. Add 5.4g of nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent into the adsorption reactor R302, control the pH of the liquid in the adsorption reactor R302 to 5-11 at a temperature of 20℃～50℃, and stir for 10min～60min to complete the treatment of heavy metals Adsorption of heavy metal ions in wastewater. Then, after filtering by the second filter device F302, 5.8 g of the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent (that is, the product of the wastewater treatment agent after the adsorption action) and 2L of the wastewater after the adsorption action are obtained. The content of heavy metals in the wastewater after adsorption is as follows: Ni is 0.01 mg/L, Co is 0.01 mg/L, and Cu is 0.01 mg/L, which meets the standard for direct discharge and can be discharged directly.

步骤3：将5.8g吸附重金属后的纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂与0.2L软水进行混合，搅拌10min～60min使固体完全分散后，用泥浆泵通入脱附反应器R303。通入CO ₂气体，保持脱附反应器R303内压力为0.3MPa～0.5MPa，保持1h～6h，在温度为20℃～50℃下，进行加压脱附反应。然后经第三过滤装置F303过滤后，得到碳酸氢镁溶液0.2L(其中，含碳酸氢镁为13.59g)和0.798g重金属碳酸盐沉淀。 Step 3: Mix 5.8g of the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent after heavy metal adsorption with 0.2L of soft water, stir for 10min-60min to completely disperse the solids, and then pass the slurry pump into the desorption reactor R303. Introduce CO ₂ gas, maintain the internal pressure of the desorption reactor R303 at 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa, hold for 1 h to 6 h, and carry out the pressure desorption reaction at a temperature of 20° C. to 50° C. Then, after filtering through the third filtering device F303, 0.2L of magnesium bicarbonate solution (wherein, containing 13.59g of magnesium bicarbonate) and 0.798g of heavy metal carbonate precipitate were obtained.

步骤4：通过冶炼回收装置R305对0.798g重金属碳酸盐沉淀进行冶炼回收。Step 4: Smelting and recovering 0.798 g of heavy metal carbonate precipitation through the smelting recovery device R305.

步骤5：对碳酸氢镁溶液进行加热处理，得到6～10g碱式碳酸镁沉淀。在温度600～700℃下，通过煅烧炉T301对6～10g碱式碳酸镁沉淀在进行煅烧，得到产物二氧化碳气体和3.75g氧化镁固体。该产物二氧化碳气体可以储存在收集罐F304中，并可以用作脱附反应器R303中的脱附气体。Step 5: Heat the magnesium bicarbonate solution to obtain 6-10 g of basic magnesium carbonate precipitate. At a temperature of 600-700° C., 6-10 g of basic magnesium carbonate precipitates are calcined in a calciner T301 to obtain product carbon dioxide gas and 3.75 g of magnesium oxide solid. The product carbon dioxide gas can be stored in the collection tank F304 and can be used as the desorption gas in the desorption reactor R303.

步骤6：将3.75g氧化镁固体软水混合形成氧化镁浆液，将氧化镁浆液和烟气通入烟气脱硫装置T302中，并使烟气与氧化镁浆液进行多次逆向流动接触，使烟气中的二氧化硫和/或三氧化硫气体被充分吸收，生成亚硫酸镁溶液。处理后的烟气中二氧化硫、三氧化硫的含量达到排放标准，可以直接排放。亚硫酸镁溶液与氧气或空气反应硫酸镁溶液，硫酸镁溶液可以作为制备纳米氢氧化镁废水处理剂的反应物硫酸镁盐溶液。Step 6: Mix 3.75g of magnesium oxide solid soft water to form a magnesium oxide slurry, pass the magnesium oxide slurry and flue gas into the flue gas desulfurization device T302, and make the flue gas and the magnesium oxide slurry perform multiple counter-flow contact to make the flue gas The sulphur dioxide and/or sulphur trioxide gas in the gas is fully absorbed to produce magnesium sulfite solution. The content of sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in the treated flue gas reaches the emission standard and can be directly discharged. The magnesium sulfite solution reacts with oxygen or air, and the magnesium sulfate solution can be used as the reactant magnesium sulfate salt solution for preparing the nano-magnesium hydroxide wastewater treatment agent.

本申请实施例可能带来的有益效果包括但不限于：(1)可以制备废水处理剂，用于吸附制备重金属所产生的废水中的重金属离子，使其达到排放标准，保护环境；(2)可以对废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物进行回收处理，得到用于制备废水处理剂的反应物，使废水处理剂的部分产物可以实现循环利用，节约资源；(3)可以对废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物进行回收处理，得到用于制备重金属的反应物，使废水中的重金属离子能够回收利用，保护环境，节约资源。The possible beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include but are not limited to: (1) Wastewater treatment agent can be prepared to adsorb heavy metal ions in the waste water produced by the preparation of heavy metals, so that it can meet the emission standards and protect the environment; (2) The product after the adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent can be recycled and treated to obtain the reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent, so that part of the product of the wastewater treatment agent can be recycled and save resources; (3) The wastewater treatment agent can be recycled The product after adsorption is recovered and processed to obtain a reactant for preparing heavy metals, so that the heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be recycled, protect the environment, and save resources.

需要说明的是，不同实施例可能产生的有益效果不同，在不同的实施例里，可能产生的有益效果可以是以上任意一种或几种的组合，也可以是其他任何可能获得的有益效果。It should be noted that different embodiments may have different beneficial effects. In different embodiments, the possible beneficial effects may be any one or a combination of the above, or any other beneficial effects that may be obtained.

上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请示范实施例的精神和范围。The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example, and does not constitute a limitation to the application. Although it is not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, so such modifications, improvements, and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

同时，本申请使用了特定词语来描述本申请的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本申请至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本申请的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。At the same time, this application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and/or "some embodiments" mean a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that “one embodiment” or “one embodiment” or “an alternative embodiment” mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. . In addition, some features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本申请所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本申请流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本申请实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的***组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的***。In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names in this application are not used to limit the order of the procedures and methods of this application. Although the foregoing disclosure uses various examples to discuss some embodiments of the invention that are currently considered useful, it should be understood that such details are only for illustrative purposes, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the rights are The requirements are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that conform to the essence and scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented only by software solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。For the same reason, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the expressions disclosed in this application and help the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment. In the drawings or its description. However, this method of disclosure does not mean that the subject of the application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiment are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值参数均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值参数应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本申请一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和参数为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of ingredients and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments use the modifiers "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Retouch. Unless otherwise stated, "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the number is allowed to vary by ±20%. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, and the approximate values can be changed according to the required characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameter should consider the prescribed effective digits and adopt the method of general digit retention. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm the breadth of the range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

针对本申请引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本申请作为参考。与本申请内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本申请权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本申请中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本申请附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本申请所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本申请的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。For each patent, patent application, patent application publication and other materials cited in this application, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated into this application by reference. The application history documents that are inconsistent or conflicting with the content of this application are excluded, and documents that restrict the broadest scope of the claims of this application (currently or later attached to this application) are also excluded. It should be noted that if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the description, definition, and/or term usage in the attached materials of this application and the content described in this application, the description, definition and/or term usage of this application shall prevail .

最后，应当理解的是，本申请中所述实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本申请的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本申请实施例的替代配置可视为与本申请的教导一致。相应地，本申请的实施例不仅限于本申请明确介绍和描述的实施例。Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this application are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this application. Therefore, as an example and not a limitation, the alternative configuration of the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as consistent with the teaching of the present application. Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in the present application.

Claims

一种方法，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收，所述方法包括：A method for product recovery during the preparation and use of a wastewater treatment agent, the method comprising:

通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂；Through the first reaction process, a wastewater treatment agent is obtained;

将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物，其中，所述第二反应产物至少包括所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物；Pass the wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtain a second reaction product through a second reaction process, wherein the second reaction product at least includes the product after the wastewater treatment agent undergoes adsorption;

通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物，其中，所述第三反应产物至少包括第一部分和第二部分；Through the third reaction process, the second reaction product is processed to obtain a third reaction product, wherein the third reaction product includes at least a first part and a second part;

对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物；以及Performing a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent; and

对所述第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备所述重金属的反应物。The second part is subjected to a second recovery treatment to obtain a reactant for preparing the heavy metal.
如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂包括：8. The method according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining the wastewater treatment agent through the first reaction process comprises:

以预设流速将镁盐溶液、沉淀剂和包覆剂分别通入反应装置；Feed the magnesium salt solution, the precipitant and the coating agent into the reaction device respectively at a preset flow rate;

在第一反应条件下进行反应；以及Perform the reaction under the first reaction conditions; and

经第一分离过程，得到产物盐溶液和所述废水处理剂。After the first separation process, the product salt solution and the wastewater treatment agent are obtained.
如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述镁盐溶液包括硫酸镁溶液或氯化镁溶液。The method of claim 2, wherein the magnesium salt solution comprises a magnesium sulfate solution or a magnesium chloride solution.
如权利要求2或3所述的方法，其中，所述沉淀剂包括氢氧化钠溶液、氨水、氢氧化钙溶液。The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the precipitating agent comprises sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, and calcium hydroxide solution.
如权利要求2～4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述包覆剂包括油酸铵、油酸钠、硬脂酸铵、硬脂酸钠、氢化二聚酸铵、氢化二聚酸钠、二聚酸铵、二聚酸钠或十八烷基磷酸酯钾。The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the coating agent comprises ammonium oleate, sodium oleate, ammonium stearate, sodium stearate, hydrogenated ammonium dimerate, hydrogenated dimer Sodium, ammonium dimerate, sodium dimerate or potassium stearyl phosphate.
如权利要求2～5中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述预设流速为200mL/min～20L/min。The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the preset flow rate is 200 mL/min to 20 L/min.
如权利要求2～6中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一反应条件包括第一反应温度20℃～50℃。The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the first reaction conditions include a first reaction temperature of 20°C to 50°C.
如权利要求2～7中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述产物盐溶液包括硫酸钠溶液；以及，所述方法还包括：8. The method of any one of claims 2-7, wherein the product salt solution comprises a sodium sulfate solution; and, the method further comprises:

对所述硫酸钠溶液进行结晶处理，生成芒硝。The sodium sulfate solution is crystallized to generate Glauber's salt.
如权利要求1～8中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物包括：8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the passing the wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtaining the second reaction product through the second reaction process comprises:

所述废水处理剂在第二反应条件下吸附所述废水中的重金属；以及The wastewater treatment agent adsorbs heavy metals in the wastewater under the second reaction conditions; and

对经过吸附作用后的所述废水进行第二分离过程，得到所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物。A second separation process is performed on the wastewater after adsorption to obtain the product of the wastewater treatment agent after adsorption.
如权利要求1～9中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第二反应条件包括第二反应温度20℃-50℃。The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the second reaction conditions include a second reaction temperature of 20°C-50°C.
如权利要求1～10中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第二反应条件包括PH值为5-11。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second reaction conditions include a pH value of 5-11.
如权利要求1～11中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述制备重金属所产生的废水中包括镍、铜、钴、砷、镉、铅中的至少一种。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the waste water generated from the preparation of heavy metals includes at least one of nickel, copper, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, and lead.
如权利要求1～12中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物包括：The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the processing the second reaction product through the third reaction process to obtain the third reaction product comprises:

向所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物中通入二氧化碳气体，在第三反应条件下进行脱附反应，得到第三反应产物；以及Passing carbon dioxide gas into the product after adsorption of the wastewater treatment agent, and performing a desorption reaction under the third reaction condition to obtain a third reaction product; and

对所述第三反应产物进行第三分离过程，得到所述第一部分和所述第二部分。A third separation process is performed on the third reaction product to obtain the first part and the second part.
如权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述第三反应条件包括所述脱附反应的压力0.3MPa～0.5MPa。The method according to claim 13, wherein the third reaction condition includes the pressure of the desorption reaction from 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa.
如权利要求1～14中任一项所述的方法，其中，The method of any one of claims 1-14, wherein:

所述第一部分包括碳酸氢镁溶液；以及The first part includes a magnesium bicarbonate solution; and

所述第二部分包括重金属碳酸盐沉淀。The second part includes heavy metal carbonate precipitation.
如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理包括：The method of claim 15, wherein the performing the first recycling process on the first part comprises:

对所述碳酸氢镁溶液进行加热处理，得到碳酸镁沉淀；Heating the magnesium bicarbonate solution to obtain magnesium carbonate precipitation;

对所述碳酸镁沉淀进行煅烧处理，得到产物二氧化碳气体和氧化镁固体，所述产物二氧化碳气体循环用于所述第三反应过程的反应物；以及Calcining the magnesium carbonate precipitate to obtain product carbon dioxide gas and magnesium oxide solid, and the product carbon dioxide gas is recycled for the reactants of the third reaction process; and

对所述氧化镁固体进行烟气脱硫反应，得到硫酸镁溶液，所述硫酸镁溶液用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物。The magnesium oxide solid is subjected to a flue gas desulfurization reaction to obtain a magnesium sulfate solution, and the magnesium sulfate solution is used to prepare a reactant of the wastewater treatment agent.
一种装置，用于废水处理剂制备和使用过程中的产物回收，所述装置包括：A device for product recovery during the preparation and use of a wastewater treatment agent, the device comprising:

第一装置，用于通过第一反应过程，得到废水处理剂；The first device is used to obtain the wastewater treatment agent through the first reaction process;

第二装置，用于将所述废水处理剂通入制备重金属所产生的废水中，通过第二反应过程，得到第二反应产物，其中，所述第二反应产物至少包括所述废水处理剂经过吸附作用后的产物；The second device is used to pass the waste water treatment agent into the waste water produced by the preparation of heavy metals, and obtain a second reaction product through the second reaction process, wherein the second reaction product at least includes the waste water treatment agent passing through Products after adsorption;

第三装置，用于通过第三反应过程，对所述第二反应产物进行处理，得到第三反应产物，其中，所述第三反应产物至少包括第一部分和第二部分；The third device is used to process the second reaction product through a third reaction process to obtain a third reaction product, wherein the third reaction product at least includes a first part and a second part;

第一回收装置，用于对所述第一部分进行第一回收处理，得到用于制备所述废水处理剂的反应物；以及A first recovery device for performing a first recovery treatment on the first part to obtain a reactant for preparing the wastewater treatment agent; and

第二回收装置，用于对所述第二部分进行第二回收处理，得到用于制备所述重金属的反应物。The second recovery device is used to perform a second recovery process on the second part to obtain a reactant for preparing the heavy metal.