WO2021232276A1 - 通气调节方法以及高频通气*** - Google Patents
通气调节方法以及高频通气*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021232276A1 WO2021232276A1 PCT/CN2020/091226 CN2020091226W WO2021232276A1 WO 2021232276 A1 WO2021232276 A1 WO 2021232276A1 CN 2020091226 W CN2020091226 W CN 2020091226W WO 2021232276 A1 WO2021232276 A1 WO 2021232276A1
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Definitions
- This application relates to the field of assisted breathing, in particular to a ventilation adjustment method and a high-frequency ventilation system.
- the high-frequency ventilation system can be divided into two types according to the realization principle, one is the diaphragm or piston type, and the other is the valve control type. Both implementations can produce high-frequency pressure oscillations, but the control pressure of the valve-controlled high-frequency ventilation system can be selected to reach different ranges according to the range of the proportional valve. The system has a stronger oscillation ability and a wider range of applications.
- Valve-controlled high-frequency ventilation requires rapid opening and closing of valves to generate pulsed airflow to achieve the desired high-frequency oscillation pressure; in addition, the oxygen concentration of the high-frequency ventilation system is also controlled by the flow rate of the proportional valve.
- the proportional valve has a dead zone near a small flow rate.
- the common ventilation frequency of high-frequency ventilation is as high as 300-1200 times/min.
- the flow rate of the proportional valve needs to be quickly controlled. If the conventional control method is used in the high-frequency ventilation process, the proportional valve cannot be continuous near the dead zone.
- the oxygen concentration is set below 40% or above 80%, the oxygen concentration will fluctuate.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a ventilation adjustment method and a high-frequency ventilation system, which are used to generate a stable small flow rate during the high-frequency oscillation process, and ensure stable and accurate oxygen concentration control within the oxygen concentration setting range.
- the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a ventilation adjustment method, which is applied to a high-frequency ventilation system.
- the high-frequency ventilation system includes: an air source interface, an inhalation branch, a ventilation control device, and a high-frequency pressure drop module.
- the inhalation branch includes a first gas branch, a second gas branch, and a mixing branch.
- a first gas flow rate controller capable of generating high-frequency pulsed flow rates is provided in the first gas branch and a second gas flow controller is provided in the second gas branch.
- the second gas flow rate controller capable of generating high-frequency pulsed flow rate of the gas branch is characterized in that it comprises:
- the first dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the first gas flow rate controller
- the second dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the second gas flow rate controller
- the method further includes:
- first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range, control the second gas flow rate controller to generate high frequency oscillation ;
- the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range, control the first gas flow rate controller to generate high-frequency oscillations .
- the method further includes:
- the high-frequency pressure drop module is controlled to generate high-frequency oscillation.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module includes a high-frequency valve and a turbine.
- controlling the high-frequency voltage drop module to generate high-frequency oscillation includes:
- the high-frequency valve and the turbine are controlled to cause the gas to generate high-frequency oscillations.
- the method further includes:
- first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range
- second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range
- the inhalation branch is further provided with an oxygen concentration detector that detects the oxygen concentration of the output gas of the inhalation branch;
- the oxygen concentration of the output gas detected by the oxygen concentration detector does not reach the target oxygen concentration, adjust the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration Flow rate controller.
- the adjusting the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration includes:
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration.
- the method further includes:
- the second dead zone range is determined according to the flow rate-current curve of the second gas flow rate controller.
- the method further includes:
- a second aspect of the present application provides a high-frequency ventilation system.
- the high-frequency ventilation system includes an air source interface, an inhalation branch, a ventilation control device, and a high-frequency pressure drop module.
- the inhalation branch includes a first The gas branch, the second gas branch, and the mixing branch are respectively a first gas flow rate controller that can generate high-frequency pulse flow rates and a second gas branch that can generate high-frequency pulses.
- a second gas flow rate controller with a pulsed flow rate, and the ventilation control device is used for:
- the first dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the first gas flow rate controller
- the second dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the second gas flow rate controller
- the ventilation control device is also used for:
- first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range, control the second gas flow rate controller to generate high frequency oscillation ;
- the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range, control the first gas flow rate controller to generate high-frequency oscillations .
- the ventilation control device is also used for:
- the high-frequency pressure drop module is controlled to generate high-frequency oscillation.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module includes a high-frequency valve and a turbine.
- the ventilation control device controlling the high-frequency pressure drop module to generate high-frequency oscillation includes:
- the high-frequency valve and the turbine are controlled to cause the gas to generate high-frequency oscillations.
- the ventilation control device is also used for:
- first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range
- second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range
- the inhalation branch is further provided with an oxygen concentration detector for detecting the oxygen concentration of the output gas of the inhalation branch, and the ventilation control device is also used for;
- the oxygen concentration of the output gas detected by the oxygen concentration detector does not reach the target oxygen concentration, adjust the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration Flow rate controller.
- the ventilation control device adjusting the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration includes:
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration.
- the ventilation control device is also used for:
- the second dead zone range is determined according to the flow rate-current curve of the second gas flow rate controller.
- the ventilation control device is also used for:
- the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the ventilation adjustment method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect.
- the first gas flow rate control value and the second gas flow rate control value are determined according to the target output flow rate and the oxygen concentration setting value, and the first gas flow rate control value is determined separately Whether it belongs to the first dead zone range and judging whether the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range; if the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, the first gas flow rate controller is maintained during the expiration phase Open, if the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range, the second gas flow rate controller is kept open during the expiration phase, so that when the flow rate of the proportional valve is within its corresponding dead zone range, the proportional valve can be passed The flow rate is adjusted to produce a stable small flow rate during the high-frequency oscillation process, ensuring stable and accurate oxygen concentration control within the oxygen concentration setting range.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of the application
- FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control effect of a conventional mixed oxygen control algorithm provided by an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control effect of the ventilation adjustment method provided by an embodiment of the application.
- 5 is a schematic diagram of proportional valve dead zone flow rate control and non-dead zone flow rate control provided by an embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a ventilation adjustment method provided by an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a virtual structure of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of this application
- FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of this application.
- the high-frequency ventilation system mainly includes: an air source interface 1, an inhalation branch 2, a ventilation control device 3 (not shown in the figure), and a high-frequency pressure drop module 4;
- the inspiratory branch 2 is respectively connected to the air source interface 1 and the patient pipeline connected to the user's respiratory system;
- the ventilation control device 3 is connected to the inhalation branch 2 and the high-frequency pressure drop module 4.
- the gas in the inhalation branch 2 is controlled to generate high-frequency oscillations, and the generated high-frequency oscillation gas is passed through the inhalation branch 2 and the patient pipeline output; in the exhalation phase, the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 actively extracts the gas exhaled by the user through the patient pipeline.
- the inhalation branch 2 of the high-frequency ventilation system is used to provide a gas delivery path during the inhalation phase.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 may include a high-frequency valve 41 and a turbine 42 to generate high-frequency oscillations of the patient's exhaled air.
- the specific high-frequency valve 41 may be any one of a proportional solenoid valve, a blocking valve, and a servo valve, which is not specifically limited.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 can also generate high-frequency oscillations by the first gas flow rate controller 212 and the second gas flow rate controller 222 during the inhalation phase, which can be specifically adjusted according to actual conditions.
- the ventilation control device 3 controls the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 to actively extract the user's exhaled air according to the preset high-frequency oscillation frequency to realize active exhalation.
- the medical staff can determine the preset high-frequency oscillation frequency according to the actual ventilation needs of the user.
- the specific preset high-frequency oscillation frequency can be 3-50 Hz, and of course it can also be Set according to the actual situation of the user, and the specific is not limited.
- a third pressure sensor 6 may also be provided on the pipeline connected to the target object, and the third pressure sensor 6 is connected to the output end of the inhalation branch 2 and the input end of the expiration branch 5.
- the high-frequency ventilation system further includes an expiratory branch 5, and the expiratory branch 5 is used to provide an expiratory path during the expiration phase.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 includes a high-frequency valve 41 and/or an electric gas extraction device 42, wherein the high-frequency valve 41 may be a proportional solenoid valve or a blocking valve.
- the electric gas extraction device 42 can be a turbine or other device.
- the ventilation control device 3 can control the turbine to rotate based on a preset high-frequency oscillation frequency. By controlling the rotation speed of the turbine, you can Control the negative force and produce active exhalation. The user exhales the air actively extracted by the turbine, which generates active exhalation.
- the specific high-frequency valve 41 and the electric gas extraction device 42 can be selected according to actual conditions, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 may be arranged on the expiratory branch 5 of the high-frequency ventilation system. As shown in Fig. 2, the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 can also be arranged on the inhalation branch 2 of the high-frequency ventilation system. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 not only includes a high-frequency valve 41 and an electric gas extraction device 42, but also includes an exhalation filter 43.
- the ventilation control device 3 can control the high-frequency valve 41 to open, and control the electric gas extraction device 42, such as the rotation speed of a turbine, by adjusting the current or voltage, so as to extract the user's exhaled air through the exhalation filter 43.
- the ventilation control device 3 can also control the exhalation valve of the exhalation branch 5 to open and perform exhaust at the same time, thereby assisting the electric gas extraction device 42 to exhaust together.
- the high-frequency valve 41 can be used to realize active exhalation, or only the electric gas extraction device 42 can be used to realize active exhalation, or at the same time.
- the high-frequency valve 41 and the electric gas extraction device 42 are used to realize active exhalation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the following description will be made by taking the electric gas extraction device 42 as a turbine as an example.
- the expiratory branch 5 may include an expiratory flow sensor 51, an expiratory valve 52 and an expiratory one-way valve 53.
- the expiratory flow sensor 51 is connected to the patient pipeline, and is used to monitor the flow rate and tidal volume of the user's exhaled air.
- the exhalation valve 52 is connected to the exhalation flow sensor 51, and is used to control the end-tidal pressure of the user's exhaled air and prevent the collapse of the alveoli after the user exhales.
- the exhalation check valve 53 is connected to the exhalation valve 52 and is used to prevent gas from entering the exhalation branch.
- the ventilation control device 3 controls the high-frequency valve 41 to close, and the user's exhaled air passes through the exhaled flow sensor 51 of the exhalation branch 5. It is discharged through the exhalation valve 52.
- the ventilation control device 3 may also control the active exhalation device 5 during the exhalation phase. It is closed, so that the user's exhaled air from the patient pipeline can be discharged through the expiratory branch 5.
- the gas source interface 1 includes a first gas source interface 11 and a second gas source interface 12
- the inhalation branch 2 includes: a first gas branch 21, The second gas branch 22 and the mixing branch 23,
- the gas outlet end of the first gas branch 21 and the gas outlet end of the second gas branch 22 are respectively connected to the inlet end of the mixing branch 23;
- the air outlet end of the mixing branch 23 is connected to the patient pipeline;
- the inlet end of the first gas branch 21 is connected to the first gas source interface 11;
- the inlet end of the second gas branch 22 is connected to the second gas source interface 12.
- the first gas source interface 11 is used to connect to an oxygen gas source
- the second gas source interface 12 is used to connect to an air source.
- the first gas source interface 11 can also be used to connect to an air source
- the second gas source interface 12 is used to connect to an oxygen source, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the first gas branch 21 includes a first inhalation check valve 211 and a first gas flow rate controller 212 that are connected in sequence
- the branch 22 includes a second inhalation check valve 221 and a second gas flow rate controller 222 that are connected in sequence
- the mixing branch 23 includes a third inhalation that is sequentially connected to the first gas branch 21 and the second gas branch 22 One-way valve 231;
- the first air suction check valve 211 is connected to the first air source interface 11, and the second air suction check valve 221 is connected to the second air source interface 12;
- the first gas flow rate controller 212 and the second gas flow rate controller 222 are respectively connected to the ventilation control device 3.
- the first gas branch 21 may include not only the first inhalation check valve 211 and the first gas flow rate controller 212 It may also include a first filter 213, a first pressure sensor 214, a first pressure regulating valve 215, a second filter 216, and a first flow sensor 217.
- a second filter 213, a first pressure sensor 214, a first pressure regulating valve 215, a second filter 216, and a first flow sensor 217 may also be included in the second gas branch.
- a third filter 223, a second pressure sensor 224, and a second pressure regulating valve may also be included.
- 225, a fourth filter 226, and a second flow sensor 227 may also be included.
- the first filter 213 is connected to the first gas source interface 11 to prevent impurities from flowing into the downstream of the gas passage. , Protect downstream devices.
- the first pressure sensor 214 is connected to the first filter 213, and is used to monitor the pressure of the oxygen input from the first gas source interface 11, so as to realize an alarm when the pressure exceeds the maximum threshold or is lower than the minimum threshold.
- the first suction check valve 211 is connected with the first pressure sensor 214 to prevent air from entering the branch, and when only the second gas branch 22 is opened, the air entering the second gas branch 22 can be prevented from appearing Reverse leakage.
- the first pressure regulating valve 215 is connected to the first suction check valve 211, which can stabilize the pressure input from the air source and ensure accurate control of downstream flow and pressure.
- the first gas flow rate controller 212 is connected to the first pressure regulating valve 215 for adjusting and controlling the flow rate of oxygen.
- the second filter 216 is connected to the first gas flow rate controller 212 and the first flow sensor 217. The second filter is used to further purify the input oxygen and protect the downstream first flow sensor 217 to accurately measure the flow of oxygen. The effect of stabilizing the flow rate.
- the third filter 223 is connected to the second gas source interface 12 to prevent impurities from flowing into the downstream of the gas passage. , Protect downstream devices.
- the second pressure sensor 224 is connected to the third filter 223, and is used to monitor the pressure of the input air from the second air source interface 12, so as to realize an alarm when the pressure exceeds the maximum threshold or falls below the minimum threshold.
- the second inhalation check valve 221 is connected to the second pressure sensor 224 to prevent oxygen from entering the branch, and when only the first gas branch 21 is opened, the oxygen entering the first gas branch 21 can be prevented from appearing Reverse leakage.
- the second pressure regulating valve 225 is connected to the second suction check valve 221, which can stabilize the pressure input from the air source and ensure accurate control of downstream flow and pressure.
- the second gas flow rate controller 222 is connected to the second pressure regulating valve 225 for adjusting and controlling the flow of air.
- the fourth filter 226 is connected to the second gas flow rate controller 222 and the second flow sensor 227. The fourth filter 226 is used to further purify the input air and protect the downstream second flow sensor 227 from accurately measuring the oxygen flow rate. Play a role in stabilizing the flow rate.
- the first gas flow rate controller 212 and the second gas flow rate controller 222 respectively control the flow rates of oxygen and air, so that oxygen and air are mixed in the mixing branch 23 to obtain When mixing gas, control the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas to meet the ventilation needs of different users.
- the mixing branch 23 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 not only includes the third suction check valve 231, but may also include a safety valve 232 and a humidifier 233.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control effect of the conventional mixed oxygen control algorithm provided by the embodiment of the application.
- the target oxygen concentration is set to 30% during the high-frequency ventilation process, due to the dead zone characteristic of the air proportional valve , The flow rate control cannot be stabilized, causing the actual oxygen concentration of the patient to fluctuate by about 13%, which exceeds the accuracy requirements of the clinically required oxygen concentration (the common clinical accuracy range is 3%).
- 302 is the schematic diagram of oxygen flow rate corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration
- 303 is the schematic diagram of the fluctuation of actual oxygen concentration corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration, whether it is the air flow rate corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration or 30%
- the oxygen flow rate corresponding to the oxygen concentration or the actual oxygen concentration corresponding to the 30% oxygen concentration fluctuates to different degrees.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control effect provided by an embodiment of the application using the ventilation adjustment method provided by the application.
- the small flow rate and mixed oxygen fluctuation caused by the dead zone of the proportional valve are used in this application.
- a proportional valve is in its corresponding dead zone range, keep the proportional valve open to ensure that a stable small flow rate is generated during the high-frequency oscillation process, which is guaranteed to be between 21%-40% and 80%-100%.
- Stable and accurate oxygen concentration control is achieved within the oxygen concentration setting range, and the accuracy of oxygen concentration control is guaranteed to be within 3%.
- 401 in Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the air flow rate corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration, and 402 is 30% oxygen.
- the oxygen flow rate diagram corresponding to the concentration and 403 is the actual oxygen concentration fluctuation diagram corresponding to the 30% oxygen concentration. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the proportional valve is adjusted by the ventilation adjustment method of this application, regardless of the 30% oxygen concentration
- the air flow rate, the oxygen flow rate corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration, or the actual oxygen concentration corresponding to 30% oxygen concentration can all be used to provide a relatively stable oxygen flow rate, air flow rate, and actual oxygen concentration.
- the air proportional valve (the second gas flow rate controller in Figure 1 and Figure 2) or the oxygen proportional valve (the first gas flow controller in Figure 1 and Figure 2)
- the gas flow rate controller cannot open a stable small target flow rate, and periodically suddenly opens and closes, and the unstable control of the flow rate eventually leads to fluctuations in the oxygen concentration.
- the periodic opening and closing of the proportional valve is caused by the dead zone of the proportional valve. In the dead zone, the response of the proportional valve is non-linear, and the phenomenon of fluctuating high and low occurs.
- the oxygen concentration is set near 21% or 100%, there is bound to be a proportional valve to open a smaller control flow rate.
- the present application provides a ventilation adjustment method.
- During high-frequency ventilation when the air proportional valve or oxygen proportional valve is adjusted within the dead zone range during the inhalation phase, the valve is no longer closed during the exhalation phase. Maintain the current control flow rate to avoid the influence of the dead zone of the proportional valve on the small flow rate control, and ensure a relatively stable oxygen flow rate, air flow rate and a relatively stable oxygen concentration.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a ventilation adjustment method provided by an embodiment of the application.
- the ventilation adjustment method is applied to a high-frequency ventilation system.
- the high-frequency ventilation system includes: an air source interface, an inhalation branch, and a ventilation control Equipment and high-frequency pressure drop module, the inhalation branch includes a first gas branch, a second gas branch, and a mixing branch.
- the first gas flow rate that can generate a high-frequency pulsed flow rate is respectively arranged in the first gas branch.
- the controller and the second gas flow rate controller of the second gas branch that can generate a high-frequency pulsed flow rate, and the ventilation adjustment method includes:
- the ventilation control device can determine the first gas flow rate control value and the second gas flow rate control value according to the target output flow rate and the oxygen concentration setting value. That is to say, the first gas flow rate control value and the second gas flow rate control value can be set according to the target output flow rate set by the user and the desired oxygen concentration setting value.
- Figure 1 and Figure 2 Take Figure 1 and Figure 2 as examples, that is, set the first The gas flow rate control value of the gas flow meter 212 and the gas flow rate control value of the second gas flow rate controller 222, wherein the target output flow rate is obtained indirectly according to the pressure set by the user.
- the ventilation control device can respectively determine whether the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and whether the second gas flow rate control value It belongs to the second dead zone range, wherein the first dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the first gas flow rate controller, and the second dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the second gas flow rate control, that is, the first dead zone range
- the dead zone range is the dead zone range of the first gas flow rate controller
- the second dead zone range is the dead zone range of the second gas flow rate controller.
- the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range
- the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range
- the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range;
- step 603 When the first gas flow rate control belongs to the first dead zone range, go to step 603, when the second gas flow rate control belongs to the second dead zone range, go to step 604, when the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range , And when the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range, step 605 is executed.
- the ventilation control device may obtain the flow rate-current curve of the first gas flow rate controller and the flow rate-current curve of the second gas flow rate controller, and then determine the first gas flow rate-current curve according to the flow rate-current curve of the first gas flow rate controller.
- Dead zone range The second dead zone range is determined according to the flow rate-current curve of the second gas flow rate controller.
- the flow rate-current curve of the first gas flow rate controller can be obtained by performing flow calibration on the first gas flow rate controller, or can be obtained by searching the performance manual corresponding to the first gas flow rate controller provided by the manufacturer.
- the first dead zone range can be set to the dead zone of the first gas flow rate controller and the inflection point flow rate of the linear part.
- the device can also be implemented according to the actual situation.
- the second dead zone range corresponding to the second gas flow rate controller can be obtained. The same is true of the way.
- the first gas control flow meter when the first gas flow rate control value falls within the first dead zone range, the first gas control flow meter is kept open.
- it may include keeping the first gas control flow rate device on during both the inhalation phase and/or the exhalation phase.
- the first situation is that the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range.
- the flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range;
- the second case is that the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control belongs to the second dead zone range; the following two situations are separately illustrate:
- the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range;
- the second gas flow rate controller is controlled to generate high frequency oscillation.
- the first gas flow rate control belongs to the first dead zone range
- the second gas flow rate control value also belongs to the second dead zone range.
- the high frequency pressure drop module is controlled to generate high frequency oscillation.
- the second gas control flow rate device can also be kept on during the inhalation phase and/or the expiration phase.
- the ventilation control device 3 can control the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 to adjust according to the preset high-frequency oscillation frequency so that the inhalation branch or the expiration branch is in the The high-frequency oscillation of the gas generated by the high-frequency valve 41 and the turbine 42 is adjusted to cause the high-frequency oscillation of the gas in the inhalation branch or the exhalation path.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module includes a high-frequency valve and a turbine.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 4 includes a high-frequency valve 41 and a turbine 42.
- the high-frequency valve 41 may be any one of a proportional solenoid valve, a blocking valve, and a servo valve.
- the second gas flow rate control when the second gas flow rate control value falls within the second dead zone range, the second gas flow rate control is kept on. Same as above, it may include keeping the second gas control flow rate device open during both the inhalation phase and/or the expiration phase.
- the comparison result of the first gas flow rate control value and the first dead zone range includes two cases: 1.
- the first gas flow rate control value belongs to The first dead zone range, 2.
- the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range, the following are respectively described:
- the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range
- the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range
- step 603 the execution situation when the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range and the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range has been described, and the details are not repeated here.
- the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range, and the first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range.
- the first gas flow rate controller is controlled to generate high frequency oscillation. That is to say, in the process of comparing the first gas flow rate control value with the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value with the second dead zone range, when one of the gas flow rate control values belongs to its corresponding dead zone range.
- the gas flow rate controller corresponding to the gas flow rate control value that does not belong to the dead zone range is controlled to produce high-frequency oscillation, that is, when the first gas flow rate controller 212 Or when the target flow rate of the second gas flow rate controller 222 is adjusted to the corresponding dead zone range, the valve is no longer closed during the inhalation phase and/or the expiration phase, and the controlled flow rate is maintained.
- first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range
- second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are controlled Generate high-frequency pulsed flow rate. That is to say, when the two gas flow rate control values do not belong to their corresponding dead zone range, the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are controlled to turn on and off in a high-frequency pulse type (that is, control The first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are continuously turned on and off) to form a high-frequency pulse flow rate to enhance the high-frequency oscillation of the inhalation branch 2.
- a high-frequency pulse type that is, control The first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are continuously turned on and off
- high-frequency oscillation can also be generated by the high-frequency pressure drop module, which is not specifically limited.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module is adjusted according to the control requirements of negative pressure, and the high-frequency oscillation is completed by the pulse airflow formed during the expiration phase and the inhalation phase.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module can be used for the entire inhalation
- the exhalation phase and the exhalation phase are used to assist in reducing blood pressure, especially in the process of generating negative pressure, regardless of the exhalation phase or the inhalation phase, high-frequency oscillations can be generated by controlling the high-frequency pressure drop module.
- the inhalation branch is further provided with an oxygen concentration detector for detecting the oxygen concentration of the gas output from the inhalation branch;
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted according to the output gas oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration.
- the oxygen concentration detector can be arranged between the humidifier in the mixing branch 23 of the inspiratory branch 2 and the third pressure sensor 7, thereby detecting the entire inspiratory branch.
- adjust the first gas flow rate according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration The flow rate of the controller and the flow rate of the second gas flow rate controller, for example, increase or decrease the flow rate of the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration.
- the mapping relationship is adjusted, and the mapping relationship is the mapping relationship between the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration and the flow rate of the first gas flow rate controller and the flow rate of the second gas flow rate control.
- first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller when adjusting the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration, it can be based on a preset adjustment rule, according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration. Adjust the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller.
- the adjustment step, adjustment frequency or adjustment period can be set in advance to adjust the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration, such as each exhalation phase and inhalation phase.
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted, and the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller can also be adjusted every two exhalation phases and every two inhalation phases.
- Adjustment (Of course, other adjustment rules can also be adopted for adjustment, such as adjustment in a cycle of 2 seconds, and adjustment every 2 seconds. Of course, adjustments can also be made according to the actual situation. The specifics are not limited, as long as the first adjustment can be achieved.
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate control can be adjusted), which can form a closed loop adjustment.
- the flow rate of the first gas flow rate controller and the flow rate of the second gas flow rate controller after adjustment are used to determine whether they are in their respective Corresponding to the dead zone range, and perform subsequent operations.
- the oxygen concentration of the output gas of the inhalation branch 2 stabilizes to the target oxygen concentration, stop the adjustment, otherwise, continue to adjust until the output gas of the inhalation branch 2 is reduced.
- the stable oxygen concentration is the target oxygen concentration.
- the first gas flow rate control value and the second gas flow rate control value are determined according to the target output flow rate and the oxygen concentration setting value, and the first gas flow rate control value is determined separately Whether it belongs to the first dead zone range and whether the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range; if the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, it can be maintained during the inhalation phase and/or the expiration phase The first gas flow rate controller is turned on.
- the second gas flow rate controller can be kept open during the inhalation phase and/or the expiration phase, so that the proportional valve When the flow rate is within its corresponding dead zone range, by adjusting the flow rate of the proportional valve, a stable small flow rate can be generated during the high-frequency oscillation process, ensuring stable and accurate oxygen concentration control within the oxygen concentration setting range.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a virtual structure of a high-frequency ventilation system provided by an embodiment of the application.
- the high-frequency ventilation system 700 includes: an air source interface 701, an inspiratory branch (not shown in FIG. 7), The high-frequency pressure drop module 702 and the ventilation control device 703.
- the inhalation branch includes a first gas branch, a second gas branch, and a mixing branch.
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller of the second gas branch that can generate high-frequency pulsed flow rates, the ventilation control device 703 is used for:
- the first dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the first gas flow rate controller
- the second dead zone range corresponds to the dead zone range of the second gas flow rate controller
- the ventilation control device 703 is also used for:
- first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, and the second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range, control the second gas flow rate controller to generate high frequency oscillation;
- the first gas flow rate controller is controlled to generate high frequency oscillation.
- the ventilation control device 703 is also used for:
- the high-frequency pressure drop module is controlled to generate high-frequency oscillation.
- the high-frequency pressure drop module 702 includes a high-frequency valve and a turbine.
- the ventilation control device 703 controlling the high-frequency voltage drop module to generate high-frequency oscillation includes:
- the high-frequency valve and the turbine are controlled to make the gas produce high-frequency oscillation.
- the ventilation control device 703 is also used for:
- first gas flow rate control value does not belong to the first dead zone range
- second gas flow rate control value does not belong to the second dead zone range
- the inhalation branch is further provided with an oxygen concentration detector for detecting the oxygen concentration of the output gas of the inhalation branch, and the ventilation control device 703 is also used;
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration.
- the ventilation control device 703 adjusts the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration, including:
- the first gas flow rate controller and the second gas flow rate controller are adjusted according to the oxygen concentration of the output gas and the target oxygen concentration.
- the ventilation control device 703 is also used for:
- the second dead zone range is determined according to the flow rate-current curve of the second gas flow rate controller.
- the ventilation control device 703 is also used for:
- the first gas flow rate control value and the second gas flow rate control value are determined according to the target output flow rate and the oxygen concentration setting value, and the first gas flow rate control value is determined separately Whether it belongs to the first dead zone range and judging whether the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range; if the first gas flow rate control value belongs to the first dead zone range, the first gas flow rate controller is maintained during the expiration phase Open, if the second gas flow rate control value belongs to the second dead zone range, the second gas flow rate controller is kept open during the expiration phase, so that when the flow rate of the proportional valve is within its corresponding dead zone range, the proportional valve can be passed The flow rate is adjusted to produce a stable small flow rate during the high-frequency oscillation process, ensuring stable and accurate oxygen concentration control within the oxygen concentration setting range.
- the disclosed system, device, and method can be implemented in other ways.
- the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
- the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
- the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
- the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
- the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
- the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .
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Abstract
一种通气调节方法以及高频通气***,用于在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制。其中,通气调节方法包括:根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;判断该第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断该第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若该第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则呼气阶段保持第一气体流速控制器(212)开启;若该第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则呼气阶段保持第二气体流速控制器(222)开启。
Description
本申请涉及辅助呼吸领域,尤其涉及一种通气调节方法以及高频通气***。
机械通气作为一种重要的呼吸支持技术,已广泛的应用到临床治疗中。机械通气按照通气频率分为常频通气(conventional mechanical ventilation,CMV)和高频通气(High frequency oscillatory ventilation,HFV),目前临床上的通气治疗方式仍是以常频通气为主,其在纠正严重低血氧症、高碳酸血症,缓解高频通气***疲劳等方面发挥着重要作用。近年来,随着对高频通气治疗技术的更新和完善,高频通气已经成为常频通气的重要补充,高频通气也发挥着越来越重要的作用。
高频通气***按实现原理可分为两种,一种是振膜或者活塞式,一种是阀控式。两种实现方式都可以产生高频率的压力振荡,但是阀控式高频通气***的控制压力可根据比例阀量程选择达到不同的范围,***振荡能力更强,可应用范围也更加广。
阀控式高频通气,需要通过快速的开、关阀产生脉冲式的气流,从而实现期望的高频振荡压力;另外,高频通气***的氧浓度也是通过比例阀的流速进行控制的。
然而,由于比例阀的粘滞特性,导致比例阀在小流速附近存在死区。高频通气的常用通气频率则高达300-1200次/min,压力振荡过程中需要快速的进行比例阀流速控制,如果高频通气过程中采用常规的控制方式会导致比例阀在死区附近不能连续的开出稳定的流速,结果当氧浓度设置在40%以下或者80%以上时,氧浓度会出现波动。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种通气调节方法以及高频通气***,用于在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供一种通气调节方法,应用于高频通气***,所述高频通气***包括:气源接口、吸气支路、通气控制设备和高频压降模块, 所述吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和设于第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,其特征在于,包括:
根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;
判断所述第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断所述第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,则保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启;
若所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则保持所述第二气体流速控制器开启;
所述第一死区范围对应所述第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,所述第二死区范围对应所述第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
可选地,所述方法还包括:
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频振荡;
若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述方法还包括:
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述高频压降模块包括高频阀以及涡轮。
可选地,所述控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡包括:
根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制所述高频阀以及所述涡轮使气体产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述方法还包括:
若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。
可选地,所述吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器;
若所述氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,所述根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器包括:
基于预设的调节规则,根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,所述方法还包括:
根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第一死区范围;
根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第二死区范围。
可选地,所述方法还包括:
获取所述第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及所述第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线。
本申请第二方面提供了一种高频通气***,所述高频通气***包括:气源接口、吸气支路、通气控制设备和高频压降模块,所述吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和设于第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,所述通气控制设备用于:
根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;
判断所述第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断所述第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,则保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启;
若所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则保持所述第二气体流速控制器开启;
所述第一死区范围对应所述第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,所述第二死 区范围对应所述第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
可选地,所述通气控制设备还用于:
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频振荡;
若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述通气控制设备还用于:
若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述高频压降模块包括高频阀以及涡轮。
可选地,所述通气控制设备控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡包括:
根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制所述高频阀以及所述涡轮使气体产生高频振荡。
可选地,所述通气控制设备还用于:
若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。
可选地,所述吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器,所述通气控制设备还用于;
若所述氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,所述通气控制设备根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器包括:
基于预设的调节规则,根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,所述通气控制设备还用于:
根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第一死区范围;
根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第二死区范围。
可选地,所述通气控制设备还用于:
获取所述第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及所述第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线。
本申请实施例的第三方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令,当其在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行上述第一方面提供的通气调节方法。
综上所述,可以看出,本申请提供的实施例中,根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值,并分别判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则呼气阶段保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启,若第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则呼气阶段保持第二气体流速控制器开启,这样可以在比例阀的流速处于其对应的死区范围内时,通过对比例阀的流速进行调节,可在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种高频通气***的一个结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种高频通气***的另一结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的采用常规的混氧控制算法的控制效果示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的通气调节方法的控制效果示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的比例阀死区流速控制以及非死区流速控制示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的通气调节方法的流程示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的高频通气***的虚拟结构示意图。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包 含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种高频通气***的一个结构示意图,图2为本申请实施例提供的一种高频通气***的另一结构示意图。如图1以及图2所示,高频通气***主要包括:气源接口1、吸气支路2、通气控制设备3(图中未示出)以及高频压降模块4;
吸气支路2分别连接气源接口1和与用户呼吸***连接的病人管路;
通气控制设备3与吸气支路2和高频压降模块4连接,在吸气阶段,控制吸气支路2的气体产生高频振荡,并将产生的高频振荡气体经吸气支路2以及病人管路输出;在呼气阶段,高频压降模块4主动抽取用户通过病人管路呼出的气体。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,高频通气***的吸气支路2,用于在吸气阶段中,提供气体的输送路径。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,如图1以及图2所示,高频压降模块4可以为包括高频阀41以及涡轮42,以将病人呼出气体产生高频振荡。具体的高频阀41可以为比例电磁阀、阻断阀以及伺服阀任意一种,具体不作限定。高频压降模块4还可以在吸气阶段,由第一气体流速控制器212和第二气体流速控制器222来产生高频振荡,具体的可以根据实际情况进行调节。在呼气阶段,通气控制设备3控制高频压降模块4按照预设的高频振荡频率主动进行用户呼出气体的抽取,实现主动呼气。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,医护人员可以根据用户的实际通气需求确定预设的高频振荡频率,具体的预设的高频振荡频率可以为3-50Hz,当然也还可以根据用户的实际情况进行设置,具体不作限定。
另外,可以理解的是,在于目标对象连接的管路上还可以设置有第三压力传感器6,第三压力传感器6与吸气支路2的输出端以及呼气支路5的输入端相连接。
可以理解的是,在本申请的实施例中,高频通气***还包括呼气支路5,呼气支路5用于在呼气阶段中,提供呼气路径。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,高频压降模块4包括的高频阀41和/或电动气体抽取设备42,其中,该高频阀41可以为比例电磁阀、阻断阀以及伺服阀任意一种,该电动气体抽取设备42可以为涡轮等设备,在呼气阶段,通气控制设备3可以基于预设的高频振荡频率控制涡轮进行旋转,通过控制涡轮的转速,即可控制负向力,产生主动呼气。涡轮主动抽取出的用户呼出气体,产生主动呼气。具体的高频阀41和电动气体抽取设备42可以根据实际情况选取,本申请实施例不作限定。
在本申请实施例中,如图1所示,高频压降模块4可以设置在高频通气***的呼气支路5上。如图2所示,高频压降模块4也可以设置在高频通气***的吸气支路2上。此外,如图1和图2所示,高频压降模块4不仅包括高频阀41和电动气体抽取设备42,还包括呼出过滤器43。在呼气阶段,通气控制设备3可以控制高频阀41开启,并通过调节电流或电压控制电动气体抽取设备42,如涡轮的转速,从而经由呼出过滤器43抽取用户呼出气体。此外,在呼气阶段,通气控制设备3还可以控制呼气支路5的呼气阀开启,同时进行排气,从而协助电动气体抽取设备42一起进行排气。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,针对不同的实际情况,可以仅利用高频阀41开启以实现主动呼气,也可以仅利用电动气体抽取设备42实现主动呼气,还可以同时利用高频阀41和电动气体抽取设备42实现主动呼气,本申请实施例不作限定。为了便于理解,下面以电动气体抽取设备42为涡轮为例进行说明。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,呼气支路5可以包括呼气流量传感器51、呼气阀52和呼气单向阀53。其中,呼气流量传感器51与病人管路连接,用于监测用户呼出气体的流量大小和潮气量。呼气阀52与呼气流量传感器51连接,用于控制用户呼出气体的呼末压力大小,防止用户呼气后肺泡的塌陷。呼气单向阀53与呼气阀52连接,用于防止从呼气支路进入气体。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,在呼气阶段,采用常频通气时,通气控制设备3控制高频阀41关闭,用户呼出气体经过呼气支路5的呼出流量传感器51,通过呼气阀52排出。
可以理解的是,在本申请的实施例中,用户的实际状态也可能并不需要在呼气阶段实现主动呼气,因此,通气控制设备3还可以在呼气阶段,控制主动呼气设备5关闭,从而将用户从病人管路呼出的气体通过呼气支路5排出即可。
在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,气源接口1包括第一气源接口11和第二气源接口12,吸气支路2包括:第一气体支路21、第二气体支路22和混合支路23,
第一气体支路21的出气端和第二气体支路22的出气端分别与混合支路23的进气端连接;
混合支路23的出气端与病人管路连接;
第一气体支路21的进气端与第一气源接口11连接;
第二气体支路22的进气端与第二气源接口12连接。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,第一气源接口11用于接入氧气气源,第二气源接口12用于接入空气气源。当然,也可以采用第一气源接口11接入空气气源,相应的,采用第二气源接口12接入氧气气源,本申请实施例不作限定。
具体地,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,第一气体支路21包括顺序连接的第一吸气单向阀211和第一气体流速控制器212,第二气体支路22包括顺序连接的第二吸气单向阀221和第二气体流速控制器222,混合支路23包括与第一气体支路21以及第二气体支路22顺序连接的第三吸气单向阀231;
第一吸气单向阀211与第一气源接口11连接,第二吸气单向阀221与第二气源接口12连接;
第一气体流速控制器212和第二气体流速控制器222分别与通气控制设备3连接。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,在第一气体支路21中,不仅可以包括第一吸气单向阀211和第一气体流速控制器212,还可以包括第一过滤器213、第一压力传感器214、第一调压阀215、第二过滤器216和第一流量传感器217。此外,在第二气体支路中,不仅可以包括第二吸气单向阀221和第二气体流速控制器222,还可以包括第三过滤器223、第 二压力传感器224、第二调压阀225、第四过滤器226和第二流量传感器227。
具体地,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,在第一气体支路21中,第一过滤器213与第一气源接口11连接,以防止杂质流入气体通路下游,保护下游的器件。第一压力传感器214与第一过滤器213连接,用于监测第一气源接口11输入氧气的压力,从而在压力超过最大阈值或者低于最小阈值时,实现报警提示。第一吸气单向阀211与第一压力传感器214连接,以防止空气进入支路,并且,在只开启第二气体支路22的情况下,可以避免第二气体支路22进入的空气出现反向泄漏。第一调压阀215与第一吸气单向阀211连接,可以稳定气源输入的压力,保证下游流量和压力的准确控制。第一气体流速控制器212与第一调压阀215连接,用于调节和控制氧气的流量。第二过滤器216与第一气体流速控制器212和第一流量传感器217连接,第二过滤器用于进一步净化输入的氧气,保护下游第一流量传感器217对于氧气流畅的准确测量,也能起到稳定流速的作用。
具体地,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示,在第二气体支路22中,第三过滤器223与第二气源接口12连接,以防止杂质流入气体通路下游,保护下游的器件。第二压力传感器224与第三过滤器223连接,用于监测第二气源接口12输入空气的压力,从而在压力超过最大阈值或者低于最小阈值时,实现报警提示。第二吸气单向阀221与第二压力传感器224连接,以防止氧气进入支路,并且,在只开启第一气体支路21的情况下,可以避免第一气体支路21进入的氧气出现反向泄漏。第二调压阀225与第二吸气单向阀221连接,可以稳定气源输入的压力,保证下游流量和压力的准确控制。第二气体流速控制器222与第二调压阀225连接,用于调节和控制空气的流量。第四过滤器226与第二气体流速控制器222和第二流量传感器227连接,第四过滤器226用于进一步净化输入的空气,保护下游第二流量传感器227对于氧气流量的准确测量,也能起到稳定流速的作用。
可以理解的是,在本申请的实施例中,第一气体流速控制器212和第二气体流速控制器222分别控制氧气和空气的流量大小,从而在混合支路23进行氧气和空气混合,得到混合气体时,实现混合气体中氧气浓度的控制,以满足不同用户的通气需求。
需要说明的是,在本申请的实施例中,如图1和图2所示混合支路23不仅包括第三吸气单向阀231,还可以包括安全阀232和湿化器233。
请参阅图3,图3为本申请实施例提供的采用常规的混氧控制算法的控制效果示意图,其中,高频通气过程中将目标氧浓度设置成30%时,由于空气比例阀死区特性,导致流速控制无法稳定,致使病人端实际氧浓度出现了13%左右的波动,超出临床要求的氧浓度精度要求(临床常用精度范围为3%),参阅图3中的301至301,301为30%氧浓度对应的空气流速示意图、302为30%氧浓度对应的氧气流速示意图以及303为30%氧浓度对应的实际氧浓度的波动示意图,不论是30%氧浓度对应的空气流速、30%氧浓度对应的氧气流速还是30%氧浓度对应的实际氧浓度均出现不同程度的波动。
请参阅图4,图4为本申请实施例提供的采用本申请提供的通气调节方法的控制效果示意图,针对高频通气模式下,由于比例阀的死区导致的小流速混氧波动,本申请中的通气调节方法在一个比例阀处于其对应的死区范围时,保持该比例阀开启,保证了在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在21%-40%和80%-100%氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制,保证氧浓度控制精度在3%以内,参阅图4,图4中的401为30%氧浓度对应的空气流速示意图、402为30%氧浓度对应的氧气流速示意图以及403为30%氧浓度对应的实际氧浓度的波动示意图,由图4中可以看出,通过本申请的通气调节方法对比例阀进行调节,不论30%氧浓度对应的空气流速、30%氧浓度对应的氧气流速还是30%氧浓度对应的实际氧浓度,均可以开出比较稳定的氧气流速、空气流速以及实际氧浓度。
如图5所示,当氧浓度设置在21%和100%附近,空气比例阀(图1以及图2中的第二气体流速控制器)或氧气比例阀(图1以及图2中的第一气体流速控制器)不能开出稳定小目标流速,出现周期性的突然打开和关闭的现象,而流速的不稳定控制最终导致氧浓度出现波动。实际上,比例阀周期性的打开和关闭是由于比例阀的死区导致的,在死区范围内比例阀的响应是非线性的,出现忽高忽低的现象。高频通气过程中,当氧浓度设置在21%或100%附近时,必然会有一个比例阀要开出一个较小的控制流速。而小流速在根据氧浓度反馈调节过程中,当流速调节到死区附近时或死区内时,由于阀死区的非线性影响导 致突然关闭;理论上,当阀突闭后,在氧浓度反馈调节作用下,比例阀又会逐渐打开。由于死区的影响,比例阀的开阀流速也是不连续的,出现流速突然打开。正是阀在小流速控制时的突然打开和关闭,导致了氧浓度波动。实际上,粘滞、死区是比例阀的固有特性,控制上无法从根本进行消除,只能进行一定的补偿,以减弱死区对比例阀控制的影响。但对于高频通气来说,控制频率高达300-1200次/min,较短的控制周期很难对比例阀的死区进行补偿,而导致阀的死区特性更加明显。
有鉴于此,本申请提供了一种通气调节方法,在高频通气过程中,当吸气阶段空气比例阀或氧气比例阀调节到死区范围以内时,呼气阶段不再进行关阀操作而维持当前控制流速,来避开比例阀的死区对小流速控制影响,保证开出比较稳定的氧气流速、空气流速以及比较稳定的氧浓度。
下面结合图6对本申请实施例提供的通气调节方法进行说明。
请参阅图6,图6为本申请实施例提供的通气调节方法的流程示意图,该通气调节方法应用于高频通气***,该高频通气***包括:气源接口、吸气支路、通气控制设备和高频压降模块,吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,该通气调节方法包括:
601、根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值。
本实施例中,通气控制设备可以根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值。也就是说可以根据用户设置的目标输出流速和想要得到的氧浓度设置值来设置第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值,以图1以及图2为例,也即设置第一气体流速器212的气体流速控制值以及第二气体流速控制器222的气体流速控制值,其中,该目标输出流速是根据用户设置的压力间接得到的。
602、判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围。
本实施例中,通气控制设备在得到第一气体流速控制值以及第二气体流速 控制值之后,可以分别判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围,判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围,其中,该第一死区范围对应第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,第二死区范围对应第二气体流速控制的死区范围,也就是说,该第一死区范围为第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,第二死区范围为第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
需要说明的是,在判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围以及判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围时,判断结果分为三种情况:
一、第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围;
二、第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围;
三、第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围;
当第一气体流速控制属于第一死区范围时,执行步骤603,当第二气体流速控制属于第二死区范围时,执行步骤604,当第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围时,执行步骤605。
需要说明的是,在判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围之前,需要先分别确定第一气体流速控制器212对应的第一死区范围以及第二气体流速控制器222对应的第二死区范围,下面进行具体说明:
一个实施例中,通气控制设备可以获取第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线,之后根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定第一死区范围;根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定第二死区范围。
本实施例中,第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线可以通过对第一气体流速控制器进行流量校准获取,也可以查找厂家提供的与第一气体流速控制器相对应的性能手册获取,该第一死区范围可设定为第一气体流速控制器死区与线性部分拐点流速,当然也还可以根据实际情况进行设备,该第二气体流速控制器对应的第二死区范围的获取方式也是如此。
603、若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则保持第一气体流速控制器开启。
本实施例中,当第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围时,保持第一气体控制流速器开启。这里,可以包括将第一气体控制流速器在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段都保持开启。
可以理解的是,在第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围时,也包括了两种情况,第一种情况是,第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围;第二种情况是,第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制属于第二死区范围;下面分别对两种情况进行说明:
1、第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围;
若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围时,则控制第二气体流速控制器产生高频震荡。
2、第一气体流速控制属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值也属于第二死区范围。
若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则控制高频压降模块产生高频震荡。这时,也可以将第二气体控制流速器在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段都保持开启。结合图1以及图2进行说明,参阅图1以及图2,通气控制设备3可以根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制高频压降模块4进行调节使得吸气支路或呼气支路中的气体产生高频振荡,也即通过对高频阀41以及涡轮42进行调节,使得吸气支路或呼气之路的气体产生高频振荡。
需要说明的是,该高频压降模块包括高频阀以及涡轮,参阅图1以及图2可以看出,该高频压降模块4包括高频阀41以及涡轮42。具体的,该高频阀41可以为比例电磁阀、阻断阀以及伺服阀中的任意一种。
604、若第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则保持第二气体流速控制器开启。
本实施例中,当第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围时,则保持第二气体流速控制开启。同上,可以包括将第二气体控制流速器在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段都保持开启。
需要说明的是,该第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围时,该第一气体流速控制值与第一死区范围的对比结果包括两种情况:1、第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,2、第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,下面分别进行说明:
1、该第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,且第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围。
上述步骤603中已经对第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,且第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围时的执行情况进行说明,具体此处不在赘述。
2、第一气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,且第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围。
当第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围时,控制第一气体流速控制器产生高频震荡。也就是说,在第一气体流速控制值与第一死区范围,第二气体流速控制值与第二死区范围进行对比的过程中,当其中一个气体流速控制值属于其对应的死区范围,另一个气体流速控制值不属于其对应的死区范围时,则控制不属于死区范围的气体流速控制值对应的气体流速控制器产生高频震荡,也即当第一气体流速控制器212或第二气体流速控制器222的目标流速调节到其对应的死区范围内时,在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段都不再进行关阀而维持控制流速。
605、若第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围,则执行其他操作。
本实施例中,若第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围,则控制第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。也就是说,当两个气体流速控制值都不属于其对应的死区范围时,则分别控制第一气体流速控制器以及第二气体流速控制器以高频脉冲式开启和关闭(也即控制第一气体流速控制器以及第二气体流速控制器不断的开和关),形成高频脉冲式流速,增强吸气支路2的高频振荡,另外,当第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围以及第二气体流速控制器不属于第二死区范围时,还可以通过高频压降模块产生高频振荡,具体不做限定。
需要说明的是,高频压降模块是根据负压的控制需求调节的,高频振荡是 由呼气阶段和吸气阶段形成的脉冲气流共同完成的,该高频压降模块在可以整个吸气阶段和呼气阶段是用于辅助降压的,特别是在产生负压的过程,无论呼气阶段还是吸气阶段,都是可以通过控制高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
一个实施例中,该吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器;
若氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体的氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据输出气体氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器。
结合图1以及图2进行说明,该氧浓度检测器可以设置于吸气支路2中的混合支路23中的湿化器与第三压力传感器7之间,由此可以检测整个吸气支路2输出气体的氧浓度是否达到目标氧浓度,当该吸气支路2的输出气体的氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度时,则根据输出气体的氧浓度以及目标氧浓度调节调节第一气体流速控制器的流速和第二气体流速控制器的流速,例如根据输出气体的氧浓度以及目标氧浓度调高或者降低第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器的流速,具体的可以维护一个映射关系来进行调节,该映射关系为输出气体的氧浓度以及目标氧浓度与第一气体流速控制器的流速和第二气体流速控制的流速之间的映射关系。
可以理解的是,在根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器时,可以基于预设的调节规则,根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器。
也就是说,可以提前设置调节步长、调节频率或调节周期来根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器,例如每次呼气阶段和吸气阶段均对第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器进行调节,也可以每两次呼气阶段和每两次吸气阶段对第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器进行调节(当然也还可以采取别的调节规则进行调节,例如以2秒一个周期进行调节,每隔2秒调节一次,当然也还可以根据实际情况进行调节,具体不做限定,只要能实现对第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制的调节即可),由此可以形成闭环调节,通过调节后的第一气体流速控制器的流速和第二气体流速控制器的流速进行判断是否处于各自对应的死区范围,并执行后续操作。
需要说明的是,在进行闭环调节的过程中,如果吸气支路2的输出气体的氧浓度稳定至目标氧浓度,则停止调节,否则,继续进行调节直至吸气支路2的输出气体的氧浓度稳定值目标氧浓度。
综上所述,可以看出,本申请提供的实施例中,根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值,并分别判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则可以在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启,若第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则可以在吸气阶段和/或呼气阶段保持第二气体流速控制器开启,这样可以在比例阀的流速处于其对应的死区范围内时,通过对比例阀的流速进行调节,可在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制。
请参阅图7,图7为本申请实施例提供的一种高频通气***的虚拟结构示意图,高频通气***700包括:气源接口701、吸气支路(图7中未示出)、高频压降模块702以及通气控制设备703,吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,通气控制设备703用于:
根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;
判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;
若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则保持第一气体流速控制器开启;
若第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则保持第二气体流速控制器开启;
第一死区范围对应第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,第二死区范围对应第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
可选地,通气控制设备703还用于:
若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围,则控制第二气体流速控制器产生高频振荡;
若第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则控制第一气体流速控制器产生高频振荡。
可选地,通气控制设备703还用于:
若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则控制高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
可选地,高频压降模块702包括高频阀以及涡轮。
可选地,通气控制设备703控制高频压降模块产生高频振荡包括:
根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制高频阀以及涡轮使气体产生高频振荡。
可选地,通气控制设备703还用于:
若第一气体流速控制值不属于第一死区范围,且第二气体流速控制值不属于第二死区范围,则控制第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。
可选地,吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器,通气控制设备703还用于;
若氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,通气控制设备703根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器包括:
基于预设的调节规则,根据输出气体的氧浓度和目标氧浓度调节第一气体流速控制器和第二气体流速控制器。
可选地,通气控制设备703还用于:
根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定第一死区范围;
根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定第二死区范围。
可选地,通气控制设备703还用于:
获取第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线。
当然,该高频通气***种中气源接口701、高频压降模块702、吸气支路、 呼气支路、第一气体流速控制器、第二气体流速控制器等的设置、控制等可参照图1、2及上面的描述,此处不再赘述。
综上所述,可以看出,本申请提供的实施例中,根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值,并分别判断第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若第一气体流速控制值属于第一死区范围,则呼气阶段保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启,若第二气体流速控制值属于第二死区范围,则呼气阶段保持第二气体流速控制器开启,这样可以在比例阀的流速处于其对应的死区范围内时,通过对比例阀的流速进行调节,可在高频震荡过程中产生稳定小流速,保证在氧浓度设置范围内实现稳定的、准确的氧浓度控制。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的***,装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储 介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (20)
- 一种通气调节方法,应用于高频通气***,所述高频通气***包括:气源接口、吸气支路、通气控制设备和高频压降模块,所述吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于所述第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和设于所述第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,其特征在于,包括:根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;判断所述第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断所述第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,则保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启;若所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则保持所述第二气体流速控制器开启;所述第一死区范围对应所述第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,所述第二死区范围对应所述第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频振荡;若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述高频压降模块包括高频阀以及涡轮。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡包括:根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制所述高频阀以及所述涡轮使气体产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。
- 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器;若所述氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
- 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器包括:基于预设的调节规则,根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第一死区范围;根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第二死区范围。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:获取所述第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及所述第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线。
- 一种高频通气***,所述高频通气***包括:气源接口、吸气支路、通气控制设备和高频压降模块,所述吸气支路包括第一气体支路、第二气体支路和混合支路,分别设于所述第一气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第一气体流速控制器和设于所述第二气体支路的可产生高频脉冲式流速的第二气体流速控制器,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备用于:根据目标输出流速和氧浓度设置值确定第一气体流速控制值和第二气体流速控制值;判断所述第一气体流速控制值是否属于第一死区范围和判断所述第二气体流速控制值是否属于第二死区范围;若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,则保持所述第一气体流速控制器开启;若所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则保持所述第二气体流速控制器开启;所述第一死区范围对应所述第一气体流速控制器的死区范围,所述第二死区范围对应所述第二气体流速控制器的死区范围。
- 根据权利要求11所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备还用于:若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频振荡;若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,所述第二气体流速控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求11所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备还用于:若所述第一气体流速控制值属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速 控制值属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述高频压降模块包括高频阀以及涡轮。
- 根据权利要求14所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备控制所述高频压降模块产生高频振荡包括:根据预设的高频振荡频率,控制所述高频阀以及所述涡使气体产生高频振荡。
- 根据权利要求11所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备还用于:若所述第一气体流速控制值不属于所述第一死区范围,且所述第二气体流速控制值不属于所述第二死区范围,则控制所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器产生高频脉冲式流速。
- 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述吸气支路还设有检测吸气支路输出气体的氧浓度的氧浓度检测器,所述通气控制设备还用于;若所述氧浓度检测器检测到的输出气体氧浓度未达到目标氧浓度,则根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
- 根据权利要求17所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器包括:基于预设的调节规则,根据所述输出气体的氧浓度和所述目标氧浓度调节所述第一气体流速控制器和所述第二气体流速控制器。
- 根据权利要求11至18中任一项所述的高频通气***,其特征在于, 所述通气控制设备还用于:根据第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第一死区范围;根据第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线确定所述第二死区范围。
- 根据权利要求19所述的高频通气***,其特征在于,所述通气控制设备还用于:获取所述第一气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线以及所述第二气体流速控制器的流速-电流曲线。
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US5303698A (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1994-04-19 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Medical ventilator |
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CN104421477A (zh) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 北京谊安医疗***股份有限公司 | 用于麻醉机的比例阀控制装置 |
WO2017187390A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-02 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Methods and apparatus for oxygenation and/or co2 removal |
CN109011090A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-18 | 南京乐基医疗器械有限公司 | 空氧混合气路设计及具有该气路的呼吸机 |
CN110464947A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-19 | 宁波戴维医疗器械股份有限公司 | 一种高频呼吸机的***及通气控制方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 WO PCT/CN2020/091226 patent/WO2021232276A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2020-05-20 CN CN202080100922.3A patent/CN115666695A/zh active Pending
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- 2022-11-21 US US17/991,804 patent/US20230087973A1/en active Pending
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US4393869A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-07-19 | Canadian Patents & Development Limited | Electronically controlled respirator |
US5303698A (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1994-04-19 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Medical ventilator |
US6279574B1 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2001-08-28 | Bunnell, Incorporated | Variable flow and pressure ventilation system |
CN104421477A (zh) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 北京谊安医疗***股份有限公司 | 用于麻醉机的比例阀控制装置 |
WO2017187390A1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-02 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Methods and apparatus for oxygenation and/or co2 removal |
CN109011090A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-18 | 南京乐基医疗器械有限公司 | 空氧混合气路设计及具有该气路的呼吸机 |
CN110464947A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-19 | 宁波戴维医疗器械股份有限公司 | 一种高频呼吸机的***及通气控制方法 |
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