WO2021227660A1 - Optical switching device, redirection method, and reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and system - Google Patents
Optical switching device, redirection method, and reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021227660A1 WO2021227660A1 PCT/CN2021/081987 CN2021081987W WO2021227660A1 WO 2021227660 A1 WO2021227660 A1 WO 2021227660A1 CN 2021081987 W CN2021081987 W CN 2021081987W WO 2021227660 A1 WO2021227660 A1 WO 2021227660A1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
- G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
- G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
- G02B6/12011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides characterised by the arrayed waveguides, e.g. comprising a filled groove in the array section
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
- G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
- G02B6/12016—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides characterised by the input or output waveguides, e.g. tapered waveguide ends, coupled together pairs of output waveguides
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Definitions
- This application relates to the field of optical fiber communication, and in particular to an optical switching device, a redirection method, a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer and a system.
- ROADM Reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer
- WDM wavelength division multiplexing
- WSS wavelength selective switch
- the structure of the WSS provided in the prior art can be seen in FIG. 1.
- the WSS includes an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) component, and the AWG component includes a plurality of AWGs stacked in the Y direction.
- AWG101 in the AWG component is used to demultiplex the beam to emit a plurality of sub-wavelength beams 102, and the sub-wavelength beams 102 are transmitted to the redirecting component 104 via the lens 103.
- the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams 105 redirected by the redirecting component 104 is deflected by the lens 103 and transmitted to another AWG106 in the AWG component, and the multiple sub-wavelength beams 105 are multiplexed by the AWG106 to output .
- the present application provides an optical switching device, a redirection method, a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer and a system, which are used to reduce the difficulty of processing and reduce the difficulty of expanding the number of inverse multiplexer components.
- the first aspect of the present application provides an optical switching device, including N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are in the same plane Arranged, a plurality of waveguides included in the waveguide array are respectively coupled to the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the end of the multiple waveguides close to the redirecting component has an N-layer waveguide structure, wherein the same multiplexing and demultiplexing element is coupled at In the N-layer waveguide structure of the same layer of waveguides, different the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are coupled to different layers of waveguides located in the N-layer waveguide structure; A light beam is demultiplexed into multiple sub-wavelength light beams, and each of the sub-wavelength light beams is transmitted to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams are transmitted to the redirecting component through a pluralit
- the multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements used to multiplex and demultiplex the light beams are arranged in the same plane, there is no need to stack multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and because the optical switching device does not need to be equipped with spatial optical
- the volume grating element reduces the overall size of the optical switching device, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of assembling the optical switching device.
- One end of the waveguide array is coupled with multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing components, and the other end is an N-layer waveguide structure, so that the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing components for multiplexing.
- the optical switching device is required to support the multiplexing and demultiplexing of more light beams, it is only necessary to add more multiplexer and demultiplexer elements in the same plane, and set up the coupling with the newly added multiplexer and demultiplexer elements in the waveguide array.
- the waveguide can be realized, which reduces the difficulty of increasing the multiplexing and demultiplexing of supporting more light beams, and can adapt to more application scenarios.
- the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled to the waveguide array include M ports, where M is equal to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array.
- the number of ports included in the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled with the waveguide array is equal to the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array, it can effectively ensure demultiplexing via the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements.
- the subsequent sub-wavelength beams are successfully transmitted to the redirecting component through the waveguide array for redirection, and it can also ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component can be successfully transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing components for multiplexing.
- the ground ensures the deflection of the optical signal transmission direction by the optical switching device.
- the N-layer waveguide structure is arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the first plane is vertical In the second plane.
- the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements for multiplexing, which improves the transmission direction of the sub-beams.
- the accuracy of the transmission to the multiplexer and demultiplexer components after redirection effectively reduces the crosstalk.
- the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the lens assembly is used to change the plurality of sub-directions after the redirection.
- the transmission direction of the wavelength light beam is such that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the multiple second waveguides are close to The end of the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
- the end of the second waveguide close to the lens assembly is directly arranged in a structure parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly to realize the redirection of the output from the lens assembly.
- the purpose of aligning the transmission directions of the subsequent multiple sub-wavelength light beams with the end of the second waveguide near the lens assembly reduces the difficulty of fabricating the waveguide array.
- any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the plurality of first waveguides There is an angle between the waveguides, so that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the redirecting component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the first waveguides of the plurality of first waveguides There is a first included angle therebetween, and a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is equal to the second included angle.
- the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the end face of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the lens assembly is located at the The front focal plane of the lens assembly.
- the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
- any two adjacent waveguides when the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to the first preset value, any two adjacent waveguides will not cross or be too close, which effectively avoids the difference between different waveguides.
- crosstalk occurs between the two, the accuracy of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal is improved.
- the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the N-layer waveguide structure close to the Any layer of the middle layer.
- the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the plurality of first waveguides
- the multiple sub-wavelength light beams transmitted to the redirecting component are collimated light beams.
- the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the insertion loss in the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the light beam can be effectively reduced, and there is no need to intervene between the waveguide array and the redirecting component.
- a lens for collimating the light beam is arranged in the middle, thereby reducing the number of devices included in the optical switching device, reducing the cost, and reducing the difficulty of the assembly process.
- the redirection component includes multiple redirection areas for redirecting the multiple sub-wavelength beams, and the redirection area is used for the multiple sub-wavelength beams.
- the transmission direction of the light beam is deflected, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams redirected through the redirection area are transmitted to the corresponding multiple second waveguides.
- the second aspect of the present application provides a redirection method, which is applied to an optical switching device
- the optical switching device includes N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are arranged in the same plane.
- the waveguide array includes multiple The waveguides are respectively coupled to the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the ends of the multiple waveguides close to the redirection component are in an N-layer waveguide structure, wherein the same multiplexing and demultiplexing element is coupled to the same layer in the N-layer waveguide structure.
- a waveguide where the different multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are coupled to different layers of waveguides in the N-layer waveguide structure; at least one light beam is demultiplexed into a plurality of sub-wavelength light beams by the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element among the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements , And transmit each of the sub-wavelength light beams to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first combining and demultiplexing element; transmit the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirection component through a plurality of the first waveguides; The redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams are transmitted to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array through the redirecting component; the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after being redirected are transmitted to the N combined light beams through the second waveguide.
- the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled to the waveguide array include M ports, where M is equal to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array.
- the N-layer waveguide structure is arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the first plane is vertical In the second plane.
- the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the method further includes: changing the redirection through the lens assembly.
- the transmission direction of the subsequent multiple sub-wavelength light beams makes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly enter the multiple second waveguides.
- the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the multiple second waveguides are close to The end of the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
- any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the plurality of first waveguides There is an angle between the waveguides, so that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the redirecting component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the first waveguides of the plurality of first waveguides There is a first included angle therebetween, and a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is equal to the second included angle.
- the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the end face of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the lens assembly is located at the The front focal plane of the lens assembly.
- the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
- the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the N-layer waveguide structure close to the Any layer of the middle layer.
- the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the plurality of first waveguides
- the multiple sub-wavelength light beams transmitted to the redirecting component are collimated light beams.
- the redirection component includes multiple redirection regions for redirecting the multiple sub-wavelength beams, and the redirection component is used to redirect the
- the transmission of the plurality of sub-wavelength beams to the plurality of second waveguides included in the waveguide array includes: deflecting the transmission direction of the plurality of sub-wavelength beams through the redirection area, and the plurality of sub-wavelength beams redirected through the redirection area
- the light beam is transmitted to the corresponding plurality of second waveguides.
- a third aspect of the present application provides a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, which includes a plurality of optical switching devices, and different optical switching devices are connected by optical fibers.
- the optical switching device is as shown in the above-mentioned first aspect, I won’t go into details for details.
- the fourth aspect of the present application provides an optical communication network, which includes a plurality of reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers, and different reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers are connected by optical fibers.
- the insertion multiplexer is as shown in the third aspect above, and details are not described in detail.
- Fig. 1 is a structural example diagram of a wavelength selective switch provided by the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a structural example diagram of ROADM provided by this application.
- FIG. 3 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application.
- FIG. 4 is a top view structural example diagram of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure with the XY plane as the view plane;
- FIG. 6 is another side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure with the XY plane as the view plane;
- Figure 7 is a side view of the optical switching device with the YZ plane as the viewing plane;
- Figure 8 is an example diagram of the end face structure of the redirecting component when the XY plane is used as the view plane;
- FIG. 9 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of an optical switching device provided by this application.
- Figure 10 is another side view of the optical switching device with the YZ plane as the viewing plane;
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the steps of an embodiment of the redirection method provided by this application.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the steps of another embodiment of the redirection method provided by this application.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication network provided by this application.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example of the structure of the ROADM provided by this application.
- the ROADM may adopt a network structure such as a chain, ring, or mesh network.
- the network structure of the ROADM adopts a mesh network as an example. illustrate.
- the ROADM includes eight WSSs (that is, WSS1, WSS2 to WSS8) as an example, and the eight WSSs are located at different positions.
- WSS1, WSS2 to WSS8 the eight WSSs are located at different positions.
- the WSSs located at different positions are used to deflect the transmission direction of the optical signal, so as to realize the flexible scheduling of the optical signal.
- the different positions shown in this embodiment may refer to different directions in N dimensions, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
- WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any WSS included in the ROADM that is connected to WSS1 through optical fibers to realize the deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signals in different dimensions.
- WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8 are connected to the WSS1 through optical fibers, and the WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any one of WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8.
- the WSS1 is connected to WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8 through optical fibers as an example for illustrative description, and is not limited.
- the WSS1 can also be connected to any of WSS2, WSS3, WSS5, and WSS7 included in ROADM. WSS is connected by optical fiber.
- WSS1 and WSS4 as examples to describe the process of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal:
- the optical signal transmitted along the first direction 201 is input to WSS1 through the input port of WSS1, the optical signal is redirected through WSS1, and the optical signal is transmitted to WSS4 through the optical fiber through the output port of WSS1, and the light output from the output port of WSS4
- the signal is transmitted in the second direction 202 to achieve the purpose of switching the transmission direction of the optical signal from the first direction 201 to the second direction 202 to deflect.
- FIG. 3 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application
- FIG. 4 is the application An example diagram of a top view structure of an embodiment of the provided optical switching device.
- the optical switching device is taken as an example of a WSS.
- the optical switching device is specifically taken as an example of a WSS1.
- the WSS300 shown in this embodiment includes N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements (310, 320, 330), a waveguide array 302, and a redirection component 303.
- the multiplexer and demultiplexer components are AWG, and N multiplexer and demultiplexer components (310, 320, 330) are arranged on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) chip 301, and N on the PLC chip
- the two combining and demultiplexing components (310, 320, 330) are realized by PLC.
- the arrangement of N combining and demultiplexing elements in the same target plane is taken as an example for illustrative description, which is not limited.
- the combining and demultiplexing elements may also be echell gratings, and the N combining and demultiplexing elements may be echell gratings.
- the wave element is arranged on the silicon optical chip, so that the N multiplexer and demultiplexer elements are arranged in the same target plane.
- the PLC chip 301 is provided with N AWGs.
- the PLC chip 301 shown in this embodiment includes one or more first AWGs, and also includes one or more second AWGs.
- the first AWG is used to input optical signals to WSS300
- the port included in the end of the first AWG away from the redirection component 303 is an input port for inputting optical signals
- the first AWG faces the heavy
- the port included in the end of the directional component 303 is an output port used to transmit the optical signal to the redirection component 303.
- the second AWG is used to output from the WSS300 the optical signal whose transmission direction has been deflected by the WSS300, and the port included in the end of the second AWG facing the redirection component 303 is an input port, and the second AWG is away from the The end included in the end of the redirecting component 303 is an output port.
- the optical path on the AWG may be bidirectional.
- the input port of the first AWG may also be an output port
- the output port of the first AWG may also be an input port.
- the WSS300 includes 3 AWGs as an example. Taking Figure 4 as an example, the WSS300 includes 6 AWGs.
- the N AWGs shown in this embodiment are used to implement the WSS function of A*B, where A refers to the number of input ports included in all first AWGs used to input optical signals to the WSS, and B refers to The number of output ports included in all second AWGs used to output optical signals from WSS.
- a and B are positive integers greater than or equal to 1 respectively.
- the number of A is one, which can realize the purpose of inputting one beam to WSS300
- the number of B is two, which can realize the output of beams deflected in two transmission directions from WSS300. the goal of.
- the WSS300 shown in this embodiment is located in a three-dimensional coordinate system, which includes an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis that are perpendicular to each other.
- the three-dimensional coordinate system has three planes, namely the XY plane extending in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at the same time, the YZ plane extending in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction at the same time, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction extending at the same time.
- XZ plane namely the XY plane extending in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at the same time, the YZ plane extending in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction at the same time, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction extending at the same time.
- the PLC chip 301 shown in this embodiment is located in the target plane, so that the three AWGs included in the PLC chip 301 can be arranged in the same target plane.
- the arrangement of multiple AWGs in the target plane It is not limited, for example, multiple AWGs can be arranged in parallel along the same direction in the target plane.
- This embodiment does not limit the specific position of the target plane, as long as all AWGs included in the WSS300 are arranged in the target plane.
- the target plane is an XZ plane.
- the target plane is any plane parallel to the XZ plane.
- the target plane is a plane with a certain angle between the XZ plane. The specific size of the included angle is not limited.
- the included angle can be any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.
- the target plane is a YZ plane or any plane parallel to the YZ plane.
- the target plane is a plane with a certain angle between the YZ plane, and the included angle may also be greater than 0 degrees and Any angle less than 90 degrees.
- the target plane is an XZ plane or a plane parallel to the XZ plane as an example for illustration. It can be seen that in this embodiment, a plurality of AWGs are arranged side by side along the X axis in the target plane.
- the X-axis direction shown in this embodiment can also be referred to as the wavelength direction or the dispersion direction, and the Y-axis direction can also be referred to as the port direction or the switching direction.
- the details are made with reference to different devices included in the optical switching device. definition:
- the input port (not shown in the figure) of the first AWG310 is used to receive the light beam from the waveguide 312, and the first AWG310 is used to carry out the light beam.
- demultiplexing beams to form a plurality of sub-wavelength is formed as the sub-beam has a wavelength ⁇ 1, the sub-beam having a wavelength ⁇ 2, and so on, forming a sub-beam having a wavelength ⁇ 4 of the present example comprises four output first AWG310
- the port is taken as an example.
- the first AWG 310 demultiplexes the light beam from the waveguide 312 into four sub-wavelength light beams with different wavelengths, namely, ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 are different from each other.
- the 4 sub-wavelength light beams are respectively transmitted through 4 waveguides 313 coupled with the 4 output ports of the first AWG 310.
- the X-axis direction is the arrangement direction of the waveguide 313 coupled with the output port of the first AWG or the arrangement direction of the plurality of output ports included in the first AWG 310.
- the Z-axis direction is the transmission direction of the light beam transmitted by the waveguide 312, and the Y-axis direction is the direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively.
- this embodiment takes the first AWG310 to receive one beam as an example for illustrative description.
- the first AWG310 can also receive two or two through two or more input ports. Multiple beams above.
- the Z-axis direction is the transmission direction of the light beam transmitted by the waveguide 312, and the X-direction is the multiple sub-wavelength optical signals demultiplexed from the same AWG (such as the first AWG310).
- the Y-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively.
- the redirecting component 303 is a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) chip
- the redirecting component 303 is loaded with a phase grating to generate a diffracted light beam to transmit to the waveguide array 302 in the YZ plane.
- the redirecting component 303 is a liquid crystal (liquid crystal) array chip or a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), the generated deflected light beam is transmitted to the waveguide array 302 in the YZ plane.
- LCOS liquid crystal on silicon
- the following describes the process of how the multiple sub-wavelength beams demultiplexed by the first AWG 310 are transmitted to the redirection component 303:
- the waveguide array 302 shown in this embodiment is used to transmit multiple sub-wavelength light beams from the first AWG 310 to the redirecting component 303 to realize the deflection of the transmission direction of each sub-wavelength light beam.
- the following is based on the three-dimensional coordinate system shown above , The specific structure of the waveguide array 302 provided in this embodiment will be described:
- the multiple waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 are respectively coupled to the N AWGs.
- the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the waveguide array 302 is coupled to the first end of the AWG.
- the number of waveguides included may be equal to the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302.
- the first end includes M waveguides, and all the ends where the AWG included in the WSS are coupled to the waveguide array 302 also include M ports.
- the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 is equal to the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302 as an example.
- the waveguide array 302 The number of waveguides included can also be greater than the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302, so that when an AWG is subsequently added to the WSS, the changes to the waveguide array 302 are reduced.
- the multiple waveguides included in the first end portion of the waveguide array 302 shown in this embodiment are arranged in the target plane shown above. It can be seen from the above that multiple AWGs are also The arrangement in the target plane effectively ensures that the plurality of waveguides included in the first end portion can be coupled with N AWGs respectively, and effectively improves the stability of the coupling structure of the waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 and the AWG.
- the multiple waveguides included in the first end may also be located in any plane different from the target plane, as long as the The multiple waveguides included in the first end may be coupled with N AWGs respectively.
- the waveguide array 302 has an N-layer waveguide structure toward the second end of the redirecting component 303.
- the N-layer waveguide structure is different.
- the WSS300 includes a lens component
- the The second end has a first N-layer waveguide structure.
- the second end has a second N-layer waveguide structure as an example for description:
- the lens component 304 shown in this embodiment is located between the waveguide array 302 and the redirecting component 303. Specifically, the end faces of the waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 facing the redirecting component 303 are located The front focal plane of the lens assembly 304 is along the Z axis, and the distance between the redirection assembly 303 and the lens assembly 304 is equal to the focal length of the lens assembly 304.
- This embodiment does not limit the number of lenses included in the lens assembly 304, that is, the lens assembly 304 may include one or more lenses.
- the lens assembly 304 includes one lens as an example for illustration.
- the description of the positional relationship between the waveguide array 302 and the lens assembly 304 in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited, as long as the lens assembly 304 can transmit the sub-waves transmitted by the first waveguide of the waveguide array 302
- the wavelength beam can be transmitted to the redirecting component 303.
- the lens assembly 304 shown in this embodiment is a plano-convex lens, that is, the side of the lens assembly 304 facing the redirecting assembly 303 has a convex lens structure, and the side of the lens assembly 304 facing the waveguide array 302 has a flat lens structure. It should be clear that the description of the lens assembly 304 in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited.
- the number of waveguide layers included in the first N-layer waveguide structure is N, and the number of layers included in the first N-layer waveguide structure shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of AWGs included in the WSS300, and the first N-layer waveguide structure
- the N-layer waveguide structure realizes the transmission of optical signals between the N AWGs and the redirection component 303.
- the same AWG is coupled to the same layer of waveguides located in the first N-layer waveguide structure, and different AWGs are coupled to the different layer of waveguides located in the first N-layer waveguide structure.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure when the XY plane is used as the view plane.
- Fig. 7 is a side view of the WSS with the YZ plane as the view plane.
- the WSS300 includes three AWGs.
- the second end of the waveguide array 302 includes a three-layer waveguide structure, and each layer of the waveguide structure includes multiple waveguides.
- the second-layer waveguide structure 501 in the three-layer waveguide structure is coupled with the first AWG 310 shown in FIG. 3, that is, the multiple first waveguides included in the second-layer waveguide structure 501 are coupled with the output port of the first AWG 310.
- the waveguide coupled to the first AWG 310 is used as the first waveguide.
- the first AWG includes four output ports, and the four second ones coupled to the four ports When a waveguide takes the XY plane as the viewing plane, the cross-section of the four first waveguides close to the redirection component 303 is as shown in the second-layer waveguide structure 501 shown in FIG. 5.
- the N-layer waveguide structure included in the second end portion is arranged in N first planes.
- N is equal to 3 as an example.
- a plane is parallel to the XZ plane.
- the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in a second plane, which is an XY plane, that is, the first plane shown in this embodiment is perpendicular to the second plane.
- the multiple second waveguides included in the first-layer waveguide structure 502 shown in FIG. 5 are coupled with the second AWG320 shown in FIG. 3, and the multiple second waveguides included in the third-layer waveguide structure 503 are coupled with those shown in FIG.
- the second AWG330 is coupled.
- the specific layer of waveguide structure where each AWG is coupled to the second end of the waveguide array 302 is not limited, as long as different AWGs are coupled to different layers of waveguides.
- the second end includes different layers of waveguides for coupling different AWGs, in the XY plane as the view plane, arranged along the Y axis as an example, that is, for coupling different AWGs
- Different layers of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the Y axis
- the same layer of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the X axis.
- Figure 5 shows an optional description of the arrangement of the second end, which is not limited.
- the second end is used for coupling different
- the different layers of waveguides of the AWG are arranged along the X-axis direction, that is, the first layer of waveguide 601, the second layer of waveguide 602, and the third layer of waveguide 603 included in the second end are respectively used to couple the three layers shown in FIG.
- Different AWGs, as shown in Figure 6, are used to couple different layers of waveguides to different AWGs, corresponding to different coordinates on the X axis, and the same layer of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the Y axis.
- the Y-axis direction is called the wavelength direction or the dispersion direction
- the X-axis direction is called the port direction or exchange. direction.
- This embodiment does not limit the structure of the waveguide located between the first end and the second end in the waveguide array 302. As long as the waveguide located between the first end and the second end, the first Each waveguide included in the end portion may be coupled to each waveguide included in the second end portion.
- the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the specific size of the first preset value is different in this embodiment.
- the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to the first preset value, any two adjacent waveguides will not cross or be too close, effectively avoiding different waveguides When crosstalk occurs between the two, the accuracy of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal is improved.
- the material of the waveguide is silicon dioxide
- the first preset value is 15 microns (um)
- the material of the waveguide is polymer (polymer)
- the first preset value is 10 um.
- the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam transmitted to the redirecting component 303 through the first waveguide is aligned with the optical axis of the lens component 304, so that the lens component 304 does not change the output from the first waveguide.
- the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam is shown in FIG. 7 as an example.
- the sub-wavelength light beam 701 emitted from the first waveguide is transmitted to the redirecting component 303 through the lens component 304.
- the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam transmitted by the first waveguide to the redirection component 303 is aligned with the optical axis of the lens component 304 as an example for illustrative description, which is not limited.
- the transmission direction of the wavelength light beam only needs to be as long as the lens assembly 304 can transmit the sub-wavelength light beam transmitted by the first waveguide to the redirecting assembly 303.
- the redirection component 303 shown in this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 8, where FIG. 8 shows an example of the structure of the end face of the redirection component 303 facing the waveguide array 302 when the XY plane is used as the view plane.
- the redirection component is an LCoS as an example for illustrative description.
- the end surface of the redirecting component 303 facing the waveguide array 302 includes a plurality of redirecting regions, and the number of pixels included in each redirecting region is not limited in this embodiment.
- the number of redirection regions shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of sub-wavelength beams to be deflected in the transmission direction.
- the redirection component 303 includes four redirection areas (redirection areas 801, 802, 803, and 804 as shown in FIG. 8). In order to deflect the transmission direction of each sub-wavelength beam, voltage can be applied to the redirection area.
- the redirection area with different voltages corresponds to different phase delays, so you only need to change the weight.
- the voltage applied to the directional area can control the exit angle of the reorientation area after deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam.
- Sub-wavelength beams with different exit angles can be transmitted to different second AWGs. .
- the emergence angle shown in this embodiment refers to the emergence angle of the sub-wavelength beam from the redirection component 303 when the YZ plane is taken as the view plane.
- the redirected sub-wavelength beams whose transmission direction is deflected are transmitted to the second AWG320 after being redirected through the redirection area 801 and the redirection area 802 respectively.
- the redirected sub-wavelength beam whose transmission direction is deflected is transmitted to the second AWG330 after being redirected through the redirection area 803 and the redirection area 804, respectively.
- the description of the second AWG that receives the redirected sub-wavelength beams in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited.
- the redirecting component 303 may also redirect all the redirected sub-wavelength beams. All are transmitted to the second AWG320.
- the redirecting component 303 can also transmit all the redirected sub-wavelength beams to the second AWG330.
- the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide shown in this embodiment is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the first waveguide faces the
- the sub-wavelength beam transmitted by the redirecting component 303 is a collimated beam, thereby effectively increasing the size of the spot formed by the sub-wavelength beam irradiating the redirecting area of the redirecting component 303, thereby effectively reducing the insertion loss.
- the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to the second preset value, there is no need to provide a lens for collimating the light beam between the first waveguide and the redirecting component 303 in the WSS3000, thereby reducing The number of devices included in the WSS reduces the cost and the difficulty of the assembly process.
- This embodiment does not limit the size of the second preset value.
- the second preset value is 40.
- the length of the first waveguide along the Y-axis direction is greater than or equal to 2um, and the first waveguide If the length along the X direction is greater than or equal to 20 um, the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to 40 square micrometers ( ⁇ m 2 ).
- the multiple first waveguides coupled to the same first AWG310 are located on the same layer in the second end of the waveguide array 302.
- the first waveguide coupled to the first AWG310 shown in this embodiment is The plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer in the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides coupled with the first AWG 310 are located in any layer close to the middle layer in the N-layer waveguide structure.
- the multiple first waveguides coupled to the first AWG310 are located on the second layer in the 3-layer waveguide structure (ie, as shown in Figure 5). 501).
- the multiple first waveguides coupled with the first AWG 310 are in the third or fourth layer of the 6-layer waveguide structure.
- the incidence of sub-wavelength beams can be reduced.
- the lens assembly 304 can change the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams 306 after the redirection, so that the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 and the second waveguide Close to the end of the lens assembly 304 is aligned to effectively ensure that the multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 are incident on a plurality of second waveguides.
- the second waveguide is included in the waveguide array 302 and is used to communicate with the second waveguide AWG coupled waveguide.
- the transmission direction is changed by the lens assembly 304.
- the outgoing sub-wavelength beam 703 is aligned with a second waveguide included in the first-layer waveguide structure 502, so that the second waveguide can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 703 to the second AWG 320.
- the sub-wavelength beam 704 redirected by the redirection area 803 is used for transmission to the second AWG 330, and the sub-wavelength beam 705 emitted after changing the transmission direction through the lens assembly 304 and the third layer waveguide structure 503 include A second waveguide is aligned so that the second waveguide can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 705 to the second AWG330.
- the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 shown in this embodiment (as shown in FIG. 7
- the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam 703 and the sub-wavelength beam 705) is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly 304
- the end of the second waveguide included in the waveguide array 302 close to the lens assembly 304 is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and then This effectively ensures that when the XY plane is used as the view plane, the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 can be aligned with the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array 302, thereby effectively ensuring
- the second waveguide can successfully transmit the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 to the second AWG.
- multiple second waveguides coupled with the second AWG320 are used to transmit multiple sub-wavelength beams after redirection to the second AWG320, and the second AWG320 is used to The multiple sub-wavelength light beams are multiplexed into at least one light beam, and the multiplexed at least one light beam is output.
- the second AWG 320 can output the beam through the output waveguide 321 coupled to the output port.
- the output waveguide 321 is a part of the second AWG320.
- the output waveguide 321 may also be an independent waveguide for coupling with the output port of the second AWG320.
- optical switching device shown in this embodiment since multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements for multiplexing and demultiplexing light beams are arranged in the same target plane, there is no need to stack multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements.
- the optical switching device shown in this embodiment does not need to be provided with spatial optical volume grating elements, the overall size of the optical switching device is reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of assembling the optical switching device.
- One end of the waveguide array shown in this embodiment is coupled with multiple combining and splitting elements, and the other end is an N-layer waveguide structure, so that the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the combining and splitting elements.
- the multiplexing of the wave elements improves the accuracy of the sub-beam transmission to the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements after redirecting the transmission direction of the sub-beams, and effectively reduces the crosstalk.
- the optical switching device In the scenario where the optical switching device is required to support the multiplexing and demultiplexing of more light beams, it is only necessary to add more multiplexer and demultiplexer components in the same target plane, and set up couplings with the newly added multiplexer and demultiplexer components in the waveguide array
- the waveguide can be realized, which reduces the difficulty of increasing the multiplexing and demultiplexing of supporting more light beams, and can adapt to more application scenarios.
- FIG. 9 is an example diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the WSS provided by this application:
- the description of the structure of the first end of the waveguide array 901 shown in this embodiment can be referred to as shown in FIG. 3, and the details are not repeated.
- the structure of the second end of the waveguide array 901 shown in this embodiment in the second N-layer waveguide structure will be described below;
- the waveguide array 901 includes a first waveguide coupled with the first AWG 310 and a second waveguide coupled with the second AWG (320 or 330).
- first AWG and the second AWG please refer to the diagram shown in Figure 3
- specific embodiments are not described in detail.
- the description of the first waveguide please refer to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, and the details will not be repeated.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the WSS when the YZ plane is used as the view plane.
- the end of the first waveguide 1001 close to the redirecting component 303 is parallel to the normal of the redirecting component 303, so that the first waveguide 1001 can transmit the sub-wavelength light beam to the redirecting component 303.
- the redirection areas for a specific description of the redirection area, please refer to Figure 8 for details, and details are not repeated.
- the WSS900 takes how to transmit the sub-wavelength beam to the second AWG320 as an example.
- the WSS900 has no device to change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component 303, so that the second waveguide
- the sub-wavelength beam can be successfully transmitted to the second AWG320, and when the YZ plane is used as the view plane, the second waveguide 1002 shown in this embodiment is close to the end of the redirecting component 303 and the first waveguide 1001. There is an included angle ⁇ .
- This embodiment does not limit the specific size of ⁇ , as long as the transmission direction of the redirected sub-wavelength beam 1003 emitted from the redirecting component 303 is close to the redirecting direction of the second waveguide 1002.
- the ends of the component 303 can be aligned, and the second waveguide 1002 can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 1003 to the second AWG320.
- the second N-layer waveguide structure shown in this embodiment is arranged in the first plane of the stacked N. In this embodiment, there may be a certain amount between different first planes. ⁇ The included angle.
- the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in a second plane, which is an XY plane, and any acute or obtuse angle structure may exist between the first plane and the second plane shown in this embodiment, or, the first plane It is perpendicular to the second plane.
- This embodiment does not limit how the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam 1003 emitted from the redirecting component 303 is aligned with the end of the second waveguide 1002 close to the redirecting component 303, as long as the sub-wavelength beam 1003 can It can be successfully transmitted to the second waveguide 1002.
- the first included angle and the second included angle shown in this embodiment are equal to ⁇ , which effectively guarantees The sub-wavelength beam can be successfully transmitted to the second AWG320.
- the second AWG320 After the second AWG320 receives multiple sub-wavelength beams, it can multiplex the multiple sub-wavelength beams to output the beam.
- the specific multiplexing process and the process of outputting the beam please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment for details, and details are not repeated.
- optical switching device shown in this embodiment no lens assembly is required, which effectively reduces the number of devices included in the optical switching device, thereby effectively reducing the size of the optical switching device, reducing the assembly process, and reducing the cost.
- FIG. 11 Based on the above descriptions shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7, taking the description that the optical switching device includes the lens assembly, the following describes an execution process of the redirection method with reference to FIG. 11:
- Step 1101 The optical switching device demultiplexes at least one light beam into multiple sub-wavelength light beams through the first multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- Step 1102 The optical switching device transmits each sub-wavelength light beam to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element.
- Step 1103 The optical switching device transmits the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirection component through the multiple first waveguides.
- Steps 1101 to 1103 shown in this embodiment specifically how to transmit the sub-wavelength beam to the redirection component through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 7 for details. As shown, the details will not be repeated.
- Step 1104 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams after redirection through the lens assembly to transmit to the multiple second waveguides.
- Step 1105 The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element through multiple second waveguides.
- Step 1106 The optical switching device multiplexes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams into at least one light beam through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- Step 1107 The optical switching device outputs at least one light beam after multiplexing through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- Step 1201 The optical switching device demultiplexes at least one light beam into a plurality of sub-wavelength light beams through the first multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- Step 1202 The optical switching device transmits each sub-wavelength light beam to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element.
- Step 1203 The optical switching device transmits the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirecting component through the multiple first waveguides.
- step 1201 to step 1203 shown in this embodiment please refer to step 1101 to step 1103 shown in FIG. 11 for details, and details are not described in detail.
- Step 1204 The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array through the redirecting component.
- Step 1205 The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams to the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element through multiple second waveguides.
- Step 1206 The optical switching device multiplexes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams into at least one light beam through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- Step 1207 The optical switching device outputs at least one light beam after multiplexing through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
- step 1105 to step 1107 shown in FIG. 11 please refer to step 1105 to step 1107 shown in FIG. 11 for details, and will not be repeated.
- This application also provides an optical communication network.
- the structure of the optical communication network 1300 provided by this application will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 13:
- the optical communication network 1300 includes multiple ROADMs, such as ROADM1301, ROADM1302, ROADM1303, ROADM1304, and ROADM1305 as shown in FIG. 13. It should be clear that the description of the number of ROADMs included in the optical communication network 1300 in this embodiment is optional The example is not limited.
- the optical communication network 1300 also includes an optical fiber connected between two ROADMs. Taking ROADM1301 and ROADM1305 as an example, the optical communication network 1300 also includes an optical fiber 1306 connected between ROADM1301 and ROADM1305.
- the connection relationship between the included multiple ROADMs is not limited. For the specific description of each ROADM, please refer to the above-mentioned Figure 2 for details, which will not be repeated.
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Abstract
Disclosed are an optical switching device, a redirection method, and a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and system, which are applied to the field of optical fiber communication. The optical switching device comprises N wavelength combination and division elements (310, 320, 330), a waveguide array (302) and a redirection assembly (303), wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N wavelength combination and division elements (310, 320, 330) are arranged in the same plane; a plurality of waveguides included in the waveguide array (302) are respectively coupled with the N wavelength combination and division elements (310, 320, 330), and the ends of the plurality of waveguides close to the redirection assembly (303) form an N-layer waveguide structure; and the same wavelength combination and division element (310, 320, 330) is coupled with waveguides located in the same layer in the N-layer waveguide structure, and different wavelength combination and division elements (310, 320, 330) are coupled with waveguides located in different layers in the N-layer waveguide structure. The optical switching device reduces the processing difficulty and the difficulty of expanding the number of wavelength combination and division elements (310, 320, 330).
Description
本申请要求于2020年5月13日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202010401962.3、发明名称为“光交换装置、重定向方法、可重构光分插复用器及***”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application requires a Chinese patent application filed by the State Intellectual Property Office of China with the application number of 202010401962.3 and the invention title of "optical switching device, redirection method, reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer and system" on May 13, 2020 The priority of, the entire content of which is incorporated in this application by reference.
本申请涉及光纤通信领域,尤其涉及一种光交换装置、重定向方法、可重构光分插复用器及***。This application relates to the field of optical fiber communication, and in particular to an optical switching device, a redirection method, a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer and a system.
可重构光分插复用器(reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer,ROADM)是波分复用(wavelength devision multiplexing,WDM)传输***和光传送网中的关键节点。ROADM通常支持两个或两个以上方向的波长重构。其中,波长选择开关(wavelength selective switch,WSS)是构成ROADM的重要组件。Reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) is a key node in the wavelength division multiplexing (wavelength devision multiplexing, WDM) transmission system and optical transport network. ROADM usually supports wavelength reconstruction in two or more directions. Among them, a wavelength selective switch (wavelength selective switch, WSS) is an important component of ROADM.
现有技术所提供的WSS的结构可参见图1所示,该WSS包括阵列波导光栅(arrayed waveguide grating,AWG)组件,该AWG组件包括沿Y方向层叠设置的多个AWG。AWG组件中的一个AWG101用于将光束解复用以出射多个子波长光束102,该子波长光束102经由透镜103传输至重定向组件104。经由重定向组件104重定向后的多个子波长光束105的传输方向经由透镜103的偏转后,传输至AWG组件中的另一个AWG106,由该AWG106对该多个子波长光束105进行复用后以输出。The structure of the WSS provided in the prior art can be seen in FIG. 1. The WSS includes an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) component, and the AWG component includes a plurality of AWGs stacked in the Y direction. One AWG101 in the AWG component is used to demultiplex the beam to emit a plurality of sub-wavelength beams 102, and the sub-wavelength beams 102 are transmitted to the redirecting component 104 via the lens 103. The transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams 105 redirected by the redirecting component 104 is deflected by the lens 103 and transmitted to another AWG106 in the AWG component, and the multiple sub-wavelength beams 105 are multiplexed by the AWG106 to output .
采用多个AWG沿Y方向层叠的方式,需要避免层叠的多个AWG之间的相互影响,提高了沿Y方向对多个AWG进行层叠的加工工艺,而且AWG的层数越多,对加工工艺的要求越高,从而限制了WSS所包括的AWG的数量,提高了对AWG的数量进行扩充的难度。Using multiple AWGs stacked along the Y direction, it is necessary to avoid the mutual influence between multiple stacked AWGs, and improve the processing technology of stacking multiple AWGs along the Y direction. Moreover, the more AWG layers, the more the processing technology The higher the requirements of the WSS, which limits the number of AWGs included in the WSS, and increases the difficulty of expanding the number of AWGs.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请提供了一种光交换装置、重定向方法、可重构光分插复用器及***,其用于降低加工难度,以及降低对合分波元件的数量扩充的难度。The present application provides an optical switching device, a redirection method, a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer and a system, which are used to reduce the difficulty of processing and reduce the difficulty of expanding the number of inverse multiplexer components.
本申请第一方面提供了一种光交换装置,包括N个合分波元件、波导阵列以及重定向组件;该N为大于或等于2的整数,且该N个合分波元件在同一平面内排列,该波导阵列所包括的多个波导分别与该N个合分波元件耦合,该多个波导靠近该重定向组件的端部呈N层波导结构,其中,同一该合分波元件耦合位于该N层波导结构中的同一层波导,不同的该合分波元件耦合位于该N层波导结构中的不同层波导;该N个合分波元件中的第一合分波元件用于将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束,并将每个该子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导,该多个子波长光束通过多个该第一波导传输至该重定向组件;该重定向组件用于将重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导;该多个第二波导用于将该重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至该N个合分波元件所包括的第二合分波元件,该第二合分波元件用于对该重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束,并输出复用后的该至少一个光束。The first aspect of the present application provides an optical switching device, including N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are in the same plane Arranged, a plurality of waveguides included in the waveguide array are respectively coupled to the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the end of the multiple waveguides close to the redirecting component has an N-layer waveguide structure, wherein the same multiplexing and demultiplexing element is coupled at In the N-layer waveguide structure of the same layer of waveguides, different the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are coupled to different layers of waveguides located in the N-layer waveguide structure; A light beam is demultiplexed into multiple sub-wavelength light beams, and each of the sub-wavelength light beams is transmitted to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams are transmitted to the redirecting component through a plurality of the first waveguides The redirection component is used to transmit the multiple sub-wavelength beams after redirection to multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array; the multiple second waveguides are used to transmit the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection To the second multiplexer and demultiplexer element included in the N multiplexer and demultiplexer elements, the second multiplexer and demultiplexer element is used to multiplex the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams into at least one beam, and output the multiplexed The at least one light beam.
可见,因将用于对光束进行复用和解复用的多个合分波元件在同一平面内排列设置, 无需对多个合分波元件进行层叠操作,又因光交换装置无需设置空间光学的体光栅元件,从而降低了光交换装置的整体尺寸,进而降低了对光交换装置进行装配的难度和成本。该波导阵列一端与多个合分波元件耦合,另一端呈N层波导结构,从而使得波导阵列能够有效地保证将经由重定向组件重定向后的子波长光束传输至合分波元件进行复用,提高了对子光束的传输方向进行重定向后传输至合分波元件的准确性,有效地降低了串扰的情况。在需要光交换装置支持更多光束的复用和解复用的场景下,仅需要在同一平面内增加更多的合分波元件,并在波导阵列中设置与新增加的合分波元件耦合的波导即可实现,降低了增加支持更多光束的复用和解复用的难度,能够适配更多的应用场景。It can be seen that because the multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements used to multiplex and demultiplex the light beams are arranged in the same plane, there is no need to stack multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and because the optical switching device does not need to be equipped with spatial optical The volume grating element reduces the overall size of the optical switching device, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of assembling the optical switching device. One end of the waveguide array is coupled with multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing components, and the other end is an N-layer waveguide structure, so that the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing components for multiplexing. , Improve the transmission accuracy of the sub-beam to the multiplexer and demultiplexer after redirecting the transmission direction, and effectively reduce the crosstalk. In the scenario where the optical switching device is required to support the multiplexing and demultiplexing of more light beams, it is only necessary to add more multiplexer and demultiplexer elements in the same plane, and set up the coupling with the newly added multiplexer and demultiplexer elements in the waveguide array. The waveguide can be realized, which reduces the difficulty of increasing the multiplexing and demultiplexing of supporting more light beams, and can adapt to more application scenarios.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该N个合分波元件与该波导阵列耦合的端部包括M个端口,其中,M与该波导阵列中的波导的数量相等。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled to the waveguide array include M ports, where M is equal to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array.
可见,在该N个合分波元件与该波导阵列耦合的端部所包括的端口的数量,与波导阵列所包括的波导数量相等的情况下,能够有效地保证经由合分波元件解复用后的子波长光束经由波导阵列成功的传输至重定向组件进行重定向,还能够保证经由重定向组件重定向后的子波长光束能够成功的传输至用于进行复用的合分波元件,有效地保证了光交换装置对光信号的传输方向的偏转。It can be seen that when the number of ports included in the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled with the waveguide array is equal to the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array, it can effectively ensure demultiplexing via the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements. The subsequent sub-wavelength beams are successfully transmitted to the redirecting component through the waveguide array for redirection, and it can also ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component can be successfully transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing components for multiplexing. The ground ensures the deflection of the optical signal transmission direction by the optical switching device.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该N层波导结构在层叠的N个第一平面内排列,不同层的该波导结构在第二平面内排列,该第一平面垂直于该第二平面。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the N-layer waveguide structure is arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the first plane is vertical In the second plane.
可见,通过层叠的N层波导结构,有效地从而使得波导阵列能够有效地保证将经由重定向组件重定向后的子波长光束传输至合分波元件进行复用,提高了对子光束的传输方向进行重定向后传输至合分波元件的准确性,有效地降低了串扰的情况。It can be seen that through the stacked N-layer waveguide structure, the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements for multiplexing, which improves the transmission direction of the sub-beams. The accuracy of the transmission to the multiplexer and demultiplexer components after redirection effectively reduces the crosstalk.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该光交换装置还包括位于该波导阵列和该重定向组件之间的透镜组件,该透镜组件用于改变该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向,使得从该透镜组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至该多个第二波导。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the lens assembly is used to change the plurality of sub-directions after the redirection. The transmission direction of the wavelength light beam is such that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,从该透镜组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与该透镜组件的光轴平行,该多个第二波导靠近该透镜组件的端部与该透镜组件的光轴平行。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the multiple second waveguides are close to The end of the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
可见,在光交换装置设置透镜组件的情况下,直接将第二波导靠近该透镜组件的端部设置成与该透镜组件的光轴平行的结构,即可实现从该透镜组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与该第二波导靠近该透镜组件的端部对准的目的,降低了对波导阵列进行制成的难度。It can be seen that when the optical switching device is provided with a lens assembly, the end of the second waveguide close to the lens assembly is directly arranged in a structure parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly to realize the redirection of the output from the lens assembly. The purpose of aligning the transmission directions of the subsequent multiple sub-wavelength light beams with the end of the second waveguide near the lens assembly reduces the difficulty of fabricating the waveguide array.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近该重定向组件的端部与该多个第一波导中的任意一个第一波导之间存在夹角,使得从该重定向组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至该多个第二波导。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the plurality of first waveguides There is an angle between the waveguides, so that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the redirecting component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近该重定向组件的端部与该多个第一波导的任意一个第一波导之间存在第一夹角,从该重定向组件出射的该子波长光束与该重定向组件的法线之间存在第二夹角,该第一夹角与该第二夹角相等。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the first waveguides of the plurality of first waveguides There is a first included angle therebetween, and a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is equal to the second included angle.
可见,因无需设置透镜组件,有效地减少了光交换装置所包括的器件的数量,进而有效地减少光交换装置的尺寸,降低了装配工艺,降低了成本。It can be seen that because there is no need to provide a lens assembly, the number of devices included in the optical switching device is effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the size of the optical switching device, reducing the assembly process, and reducing the cost.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该光交换装置还包括位于该波导阵列和该重定向组件之间的透镜组件,该N层波导结构靠近该透镜组件的端面位于该透镜组件的前焦点平面。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the end face of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the lens assembly is located at the The front focal plane of the lens assembly.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该波导阵列所包括的任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
可见,在任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值的情况下,任意相邻的两个波导不会出现交叉或距离过近的情况,有效地避免不同波导之间出现串扰的情况,提高对光信号的传输方向进行偏转的精确性。It can be seen that when the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to the first preset value, any two adjacent waveguides will not cross or be too close, which effectively avoids the difference between different waveguides. When crosstalk occurs between the two, the accuracy of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal is improved.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第一波导位于该N层波导结构中的中间层,或,该多个第一波导位于该N层波导结构中靠近该中间层的任一层。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the N-layer waveguide structure close to the Any layer of the middle layer.
可见,能够降低子波长光束入射该重定向组件的入射角度和子波长光束从该重定向组件出射的出射角度之间的差值,从而有效地减少重定向组件的插损。It can be seen that the difference between the incident angle of the sub-wavelength beam entering the redirection component and the exit angle of the sub-wavelength beam exiting the redirection component can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the insertion loss of the redirection component.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第一波导中的每个该第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值,使得该多个第一波导向该重定向组件所传输的该多个子波长光束为准直光束。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the plurality of first waveguides The multiple sub-wavelength light beams transmitted to the redirecting component are collimated light beams.
可见,在该第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值的情况下,能够有效地减少对光束的传输方向进行偏转过程中的插损,且无需在波导阵列和重定向组件之间设置用于对光束进行准直的透镜,从而减少了光交换装置所包括的器件的数量,降低了成本,降低了装配工艺的难度。It can be seen that when the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the insertion loss in the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the light beam can be effectively reduced, and there is no need to intervene between the waveguide array and the redirecting component. A lens for collimating the light beam is arranged in the middle, thereby reducing the number of devices included in the optical switching device, reducing the cost, and reducing the difficulty of the assembly process.
结合本申请第一方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该重定向组件包括用于对该多个子波长光束进行重定向的多个重定向区域,该重定向区域用于对该多个子波长光束的传输方向进行偏转,经由该重定向区域重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至对应的该多个第二波导。With reference to the first aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the redirection component includes multiple redirection areas for redirecting the multiple sub-wavelength beams, and the redirection area is used for the multiple sub-wavelength beams. The transmission direction of the light beam is deflected, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams redirected through the redirection area are transmitted to the corresponding multiple second waveguides.
本申请第二方面提供了一种重定向方法,应用于光交换装置,The second aspect of the present application provides a redirection method, which is applied to an optical switching device,
该光交换装置包括N个合分波元件、波导阵列以及重定向组件;该N为大于或等于2的整数,且该N个合分波元件在同一平面内排列,该波导阵列所包括的多个波导分别与该N个合分波元件耦合,该多个波导靠近该重定向组件的端部呈N层波导结构,其中,同一该合分波元件耦合位于该N层波导结构中的同一层波导,不同的该合分波元件耦合位于该N层波导结构中的不同层波导;通过该N个合分波元件中的第一合分波元件将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束,并通过该第一合分波元件将每个该子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导;通过多个该第一波导将该多个子波长光束传输至该重定向组件;通过该重定向组件将重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导;通过该第二波导将该重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至该N个合分波元件所包括的第二合分波元件;通过该多个第二合分波元件对该重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束,并通过该第二合分波元件输出复用后的该至少一个光束。The optical switching device includes N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are arranged in the same plane. The waveguide array includes multiple The waveguides are respectively coupled to the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the ends of the multiple waveguides close to the redirection component are in an N-layer waveguide structure, wherein the same multiplexing and demultiplexing element is coupled to the same layer in the N-layer waveguide structure. A waveguide, where the different multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are coupled to different layers of waveguides in the N-layer waveguide structure; at least one light beam is demultiplexed into a plurality of sub-wavelength light beams by the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element among the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements , And transmit each of the sub-wavelength light beams to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first combining and demultiplexing element; transmit the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirection component through a plurality of the first waveguides; The redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams are transmitted to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array through the redirecting component; the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after being redirected are transmitted to the N combined light beams through the second waveguide. The second multiplexing and demultiplexing element included in the demultiplexing element; the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection are multiplexed into at least one light beam by the multiple second multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the beam is output through the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element The at least one light beam after multiplexing.
本方面所示的重定向方法的具体执行过程以及有益效果的说明,请详见第一方面所示, 不做赘述。Please refer to the description of the first aspect for the specific implementation process and the beneficial effects of the redirection method shown in this aspect, and will not be repeated.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该N个合分波元件与该波导阵列耦合的端部包括M个端口,其中,M与该波导阵列中的波导的数量相等。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the ends of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements coupled to the waveguide array include M ports, where M is equal to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该N层波导结构在层叠的N个第一平面内排列,不同层的该波导结构在第二平面内排列,该第一平面垂直于该第二平面。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the N-layer waveguide structure is arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the first plane is vertical In the second plane.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该光交换装置还包括位于该波导阵列和该重定向组件之间的透镜组件,该方法还包括:通过该透镜组件改变该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向,使得从该透镜组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至该多个第二波导。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the method further includes: changing the redirection through the lens assembly. The transmission direction of the subsequent multiple sub-wavelength light beams makes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly enter the multiple second waveguides.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,从该透镜组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与该透镜组件的光轴平行,该多个第二波导靠近该透镜组件的端部与该透镜组件的光轴平行。In combination with the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the multiple second waveguides are close to The end of the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近该重定向组件的端部与该多个第一波导中的任意一个第一波导之间存在夹角,使得从该重定向组件出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至该多个第二波导。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the plurality of first waveguides There is an angle between the waveguides, so that the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the redirecting component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近该重定向组件的端部与该多个第一波导的任意一个第一波导之间存在第一夹角,从该重定向组件出射的该子波长光束与该重定向组件的法线之间存在第二夹角,该第一夹角与该第二夹角相等。In combination with the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the first waveguides of the plurality of first waveguides There is a first included angle therebetween, and a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is equal to the second included angle.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该光交换装置还包括位于该波导阵列和该重定向组件之间的透镜组件,该N层波导结构靠近该透镜组件的端面位于该透镜组件的前焦点平面。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the optical switching device further includes a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the end face of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the lens assembly is located at the The front focal plane of the lens assembly.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该波导阵列所包括的任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第一波导位于该N层波导结构中的中间层,或,该多个第一波导位于该N层波导结构中靠近该中间层的任一层。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the N-layer waveguide structure close to the Any layer of the middle layer.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该多个第一波导中的每个该第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值,使得该多个第一波导向该重定向组件所传输的该多个子波长光束为准直光束。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the plurality of first waveguides The multiple sub-wavelength light beams transmitted to the redirecting component are collimated light beams.
结合本申请第二方面,一种可选地实现方式中,该重定向组件包括用于对该多个子波长光束进行重定向的多个重定向区域,该通过该重定向组件将重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导包括:通过该重定向区域对该多个子波长光束的传输方向进行偏转,经由该重定向区域重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至对应的该多个第二波导。With reference to the second aspect of the present application, in an optional implementation manner, the redirection component includes multiple redirection regions for redirecting the multiple sub-wavelength beams, and the redirection component is used to redirect the The transmission of the plurality of sub-wavelength beams to the plurality of second waveguides included in the waveguide array includes: deflecting the transmission direction of the plurality of sub-wavelength beams through the redirection area, and the plurality of sub-wavelength beams redirected through the redirection area The light beam is transmitted to the corresponding plurality of second waveguides.
本申请第三方面提供了一种可重构光分插复用器,包括多个光交换装置,不同的该光交换装置之间通过光纤连接,该光交换装置如上述第一方面所示,具体不做赘述。A third aspect of the present application provides a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, which includes a plurality of optical switching devices, and different optical switching devices are connected by optical fibers. The optical switching device is as shown in the above-mentioned first aspect, I won’t go into details for details.
本申请第四方面提供了一种光通信网络,包括多个可重构光分插复用器,不同的该可 重构光分插复用器之间通过光纤连接,该可重构光分插复用器如上述第三方面所示,具体不做赘述。The fourth aspect of the present application provides an optical communication network, which includes a plurality of reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers, and different reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers are connected by optical fibers. The insertion multiplexer is as shown in the third aspect above, and details are not described in detail.
图1为现有技术所提供的波长选择开关的结构示例图;Fig. 1 is a structural example diagram of a wavelength selective switch provided by the prior art;
图2为本申请所提供的ROADM的一种结构示例图;Figure 2 is a structural example diagram of ROADM provided by this application;
图3为本申请所提供的光交换装置的一种实施例整体结构示例图;FIG. 3 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application;
图4为本申请所提供的光交换装置的一种实施例俯视结构示例图;FIG. 4 is a top view structural example diagram of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application;
图5为在XY平面作为视图平面的情况下第一N层波导结构的一种侧视图;5 is a side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure with the XY plane as the view plane;
图6为在XY平面作为视图平面的情况下第一N层波导结构的另一种侧视图;6 is another side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure with the XY plane as the view plane;
图7为在YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下光交换装置的一种侧视图;Figure 7 is a side view of the optical switching device with the YZ plane as the viewing plane;
图8为在XY平面作为视图平面的情况下重定向组件的端面结构示例图;Figure 8 is an example diagram of the end face structure of the redirecting component when the XY plane is used as the view plane;
图9为本申请所提供的光交换装置的一种实施例整体结构示例图;FIG. 9 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of an optical switching device provided by this application;
图10为在YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下光交换装置的另一种侧视图;Figure 10 is another side view of the optical switching device with the YZ plane as the viewing plane;
图11为本申请所提供的重定向方法的一种实施例步骤流程图;FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the steps of an embodiment of the redirection method provided by this application;
图12为本申请所提供的重定向方法的另一种实施例步骤流程图;FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the steps of another embodiment of the redirection method provided by this application;
图13为本申请所提供的光通信网络的结构示意图。FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication network provided by this application.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
首先结合图2所示对本申请所提供的ROADM的结构进行说明,其中,图2为本申请所提供的ROADM的一种结构示例图。First, the structure of the ROADM provided by this application will be described with reference to FIG. 2, where FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example of the structure of the ROADM provided by this application.
本实施例对该ROADM的具体网络结构不做限定,例如,该ROADM可采用链形、环形或网状网等网络结构,图2所示以ROADM采用网状网的网络结构为例进行示例性说明。This embodiment does not limit the specific network structure of the ROADM. For example, the ROADM may adopt a network structure such as a chain, ring, or mesh network. As shown in FIG. 2, the network structure of the ROADM adopts a mesh network as an example. illustrate.
本实施例以该ROADM包括八个WSS(即WSS1、WSS2至WSS8)为例,该八个WSS位于不同的位置,本实施例对ROADM所包括的WSS的数量以及各WSS所位于的位置不做限定。位于不同位置处的WSS之间用于对光信号的传输方向进行偏转,以实现对光信号的灵活调度。本实施例所示的位于不同位置可指在N个维度的方向不同,该N为大于或等于1的正整数。In this embodiment, the ROADM includes eight WSSs (that is, WSS1, WSS2 to WSS8) as an example, and the eight WSSs are located at different positions. This embodiment does not make any distinction on the number of WSSs included in the ROADM and the location where each WSS is located. limited. The WSSs located at different positions are used to deflect the transmission direction of the optical signal, so as to realize the flexible scheduling of the optical signal. The different positions shown in this embodiment may refer to different directions in N dimensions, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
以WSS1为例,WSS1可将光信号传输至该ROADM所包括的任一与WSS1通过光纤连接的WSS,以实现光信号的传输方向在不同维度的方向上的偏转,例如,本实施例所示的ROADM中,与该WSS1通过光纤连接有WSS4、WSS6以及WSS8,则WSS1可将光信号传输至WSS4、WSS6以及WSS8中的任一个WSS。本实施例以该WSS1通过光纤与WSS4、WSS6以及WSS8连接为例进行示例性说明,不做限定,在其他示例中,该WSS1还可与ROADM所包括的WSS2、WSS3、WSS5以及WSS7中的任意WSS通过光纤连接。Taking WSS1 as an example, WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any WSS included in the ROADM that is connected to WSS1 through optical fibers to realize the deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signals in different dimensions. For example, as shown in this embodiment In the ROADM, WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8 are connected to the WSS1 through optical fibers, and the WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any one of WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8. In this embodiment, the WSS1 is connected to WSS4, WSS6, and WSS8 through optical fibers as an example for illustrative description, and is not limited. In other examples, the WSS1 can also be connected to any of WSS2, WSS3, WSS5, and WSS7 included in ROADM. WSS is connected by optical fiber.
以下继续以WSS1和WSS4为例,对光信号的传输方向进行偏转的过程进行说明:The following continues to take WSS1 and WSS4 as examples to describe the process of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal:
沿第一方向201传输的光信号,经由WSS1的输入端口输入至WSS1,经由WSS1对光信号的重定向,经由WSS1的输出端口将光信号经由光纤传输至WSS4,从WSS4的输出端口输出的光信号沿第二方向202进行传输,以实现对该光信号的传输方向由第一方向201交换至第二方向202偏转的目的。The optical signal transmitted along the first direction 201 is input to WSS1 through the input port of WSS1, the optical signal is redirected through WSS1, and the optical signal is transmitted to WSS4 through the optical fiber through the output port of WSS1, and the light output from the output port of WSS4 The signal is transmitted in the second direction 202 to achieve the purpose of switching the transmission direction of the optical signal from the first direction 201 to the second direction 202 to deflect.
以下结合图3和图4所示对本申请所提供的光交换装置的结构进行说明,其中,图3为本申请所提供的光交换装置的一种实施例整体结构示例图,图4为本申请所提供的光交换装置的一种实施例俯视结构示例图。The structure of the optical switching device provided by the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In which, FIG. 3 is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by this application, and FIG. 4 is the application An example diagram of a top view structure of an embodiment of the provided optical switching device.
本实施例所示以该光交换装置为一个WSS为例,结合图2所示,具体以该光交换装置为WSS1为例。本实施例所示的WSS300包括N个合分波元件(310、320、330)、波导阵列302以及重定向组件303。In this embodiment, the optical switching device is taken as an example of a WSS. With reference to FIG. 2, the optical switching device is specifically taken as an example of a WSS1. The WSS300 shown in this embodiment includes N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements (310, 320, 330), a waveguide array 302, and a redirection component 303.
本实施例中,以合分波元件为AWG,且N个合分波元件(310、320、330)在平面光波导(planar lightwave circuit,PLC)芯片301上设置,设置在PLC芯片上的N个合分波元件(310、320、330)通过PLC实现。且N个合分波元件在同一目标平面内排列为例进行示例性说明,不做限定,在其他示例中,合分波元件还可为埃塞尔光栅(echell grating),且N个合分波元件在硅光芯片上设置,也使得N个合分波元件在同一目标平面内排列。In this embodiment, the multiplexer and demultiplexer components are AWG, and N multiplexer and demultiplexer components (310, 320, 330) are arranged on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) chip 301, and N on the PLC chip The two combining and demultiplexing components (310, 320, 330) are realized by PLC. In addition, the arrangement of N combining and demultiplexing elements in the same target plane is taken as an example for illustrative description, which is not limited. In other examples, the combining and demultiplexing elements may also be echell gratings, and the N combining and demultiplexing elements may be echell gratings. The wave element is arranged on the silicon optical chip, so that the N multiplexer and demultiplexer elements are arranged in the same target plane.
首先对PLC芯片301的结构进行说明:First, the structure of the PLC chip 301 is explained:
该PLC芯片301上设置N个AWG。具体地,具体地,本实施例所示的PLC芯片301上包括一个或多个第一AWG,还包括一个或多个第二AWG。其中,该第一AWG用于将光信号输入至WSS300,则该第一AWG背离该重定向组件303的端部所包括的端口为用于输入光信号的输入端口,该第一AWG朝向该重定向组件303的端部所包括的端口为用于将光信号向重定向组件303传输的输出端口。该第二AWG用于将WSS300已完成传输方向偏转的光信号从WSS300中输出,则该第二AWG朝向该重定向组件303的端部所包括的端口为输入端口,而该第二AWG背离该重定向组件303的端部所包括的端部为输出端口。AWG上的光路可以是双向的,例如,第一AWG的输入端口也可以为输出端口,第一AWG的输出端口也可以为输入端口。The PLC chip 301 is provided with N AWGs. Specifically, the PLC chip 301 shown in this embodiment includes one or more first AWGs, and also includes one or more second AWGs. Wherein, the first AWG is used to input optical signals to WSS300, the port included in the end of the first AWG away from the redirection component 303 is an input port for inputting optical signals, and the first AWG faces the heavy The port included in the end of the directional component 303 is an output port used to transmit the optical signal to the redirection component 303. The second AWG is used to output from the WSS300 the optical signal whose transmission direction has been deflected by the WSS300, and the port included in the end of the second AWG facing the redirection component 303 is an input port, and the second AWG is away from the The end included in the end of the redirecting component 303 is an output port. The optical path on the AWG may be bidirectional. For example, the input port of the first AWG may also be an output port, and the output port of the first AWG may also be an input port.
本实施例对N的具体取值不做限定,只要N为大于或等于2的整数,且保证该PLC芯片301上设置至少一个第一AWG以及至少一个第二AWG即可。例如图3所示本实施例以该WSS300包括3个AWG为例。若以图4所示为例,则该WSS300包括6个AWG。This embodiment does not limit the specific value of N, as long as N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and it is ensured that at least one first AWG and at least one second AWG are provided on the PLC chip 301. For example, in this embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the WSS300 includes 3 AWGs as an example. Taking Figure 4 as an example, the WSS300 includes 6 AWGs.
本实施例所示的N个AWG用于实现A*B的WSS的功能,其中,A是指用于将光信号输入至WSS的所有第一AWG所包括的输入端口的数量,而B是指用于将光信号从WSS输出的所有第二AWG所包括的输出端口的数量。本实施例对A以及B的具体数量不做限定,只要A以及B分别为大于或等于1的正整数即可。若以图3所示为例,则A的数量为1个,能够实现将一个光束输入至WSS300的目的,B的数量为2个,能够实现将两个传输方向偏转后的光束从WSS300中输出的目的。The N AWGs shown in this embodiment are used to implement the WSS function of A*B, where A refers to the number of input ports included in all first AWGs used to input optical signals to the WSS, and B refers to The number of output ports included in all second AWGs used to output optical signals from WSS. This embodiment does not limit the specific numbers of A and B, as long as A and B are positive integers greater than or equal to 1 respectively. Taking Figure 3 as an example, the number of A is one, which can realize the purpose of inputting one beam to WSS300, and the number of B is two, which can realize the output of beams deflected in two transmission directions from WSS300. the goal of.
其次,对N个AWG的设置方式进行说明:Secondly, the setting method of N AWGs will be explained:
本实施例所示的WSS300位于三维坐标系内,该三维坐标系包括相互垂直的X轴、Y轴 以及Z轴。该三维坐标系具有三个平面,即同时沿X轴方向和Y轴方向延伸的XY平面、同时沿Y轴方向和Z轴方向延伸的YZ平面,以及同时沿X轴方向和Z轴方向延伸的XZ平面。The WSS300 shown in this embodiment is located in a three-dimensional coordinate system, which includes an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis that are perpendicular to each other. The three-dimensional coordinate system has three planes, namely the XY plane extending in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at the same time, the YZ plane extending in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction at the same time, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction extending at the same time. XZ plane.
本实施例所示的PLC芯片301位于目标平面内,从而使得该PLC芯片301所包括的3个AWG能够在同一该目标平面内排列,本实施例对多个AWG在该目标平面内的排列方式不做限定,例如,多个AWG可在目标平面内沿同一方向并行排列。本实施例对该目标平面的具***置不做限定,只要WSS300所包括的所有AWG在该目标平面内排列即可。例如,该目标平面为XZ平面,又如,该目标平面为与该XZ平面平行的任一平面,又如,该目标平面为与该XZ平面之间存在一定夹角的平面,本实施例对该夹角的具体大小不做限定,例如,该夹角可为大于0度且小于90度的任一角度。又如,该目标平面为YZ平面或与该YZ平面平行的任一平面,又如,该目标平面为与该YZ平面之间存在一定夹角的平面,该夹角也可为大于0度且小于90度的任一角度。The PLC chip 301 shown in this embodiment is located in the target plane, so that the three AWGs included in the PLC chip 301 can be arranged in the same target plane. In this embodiment, the arrangement of multiple AWGs in the target plane It is not limited, for example, multiple AWGs can be arranged in parallel along the same direction in the target plane. This embodiment does not limit the specific position of the target plane, as long as all AWGs included in the WSS300 are arranged in the target plane. For example, the target plane is an XZ plane. Another example is that the target plane is any plane parallel to the XZ plane. For another example, the target plane is a plane with a certain angle between the XZ plane. The specific size of the included angle is not limited. For example, the included angle can be any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees. For another example, the target plane is a YZ plane or any plane parallel to the YZ plane. For another example, the target plane is a plane with a certain angle between the YZ plane, and the included angle may also be greater than 0 degrees and Any angle less than 90 degrees.
本实施例以该目标平面为XZ平面或与XZ平面平行的平面为例进行示例性说明。可见,在本实施例中,多个AWG在目标平面中,沿X轴方向并列排列。In this embodiment, the target plane is an XZ plane or a plane parallel to the XZ plane as an example for illustration. It can be seen that in this embodiment, a plurality of AWGs are arranged side by side along the X axis in the target plane.
为更好的理解,以下对X轴方向、Y轴方向以及Z轴方向进行说明:For a better understanding, the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction and Z-axis direction are described below:
本实施例所示的该X轴方向也可称之为波长方向或色散方向,Y轴方向也可称之为端口方向或交换方向,以该光交换装置所包括的不同的器件为参照进行具体定义:The X-axis direction shown in this embodiment can also be referred to as the wavelength direction or the dispersion direction, and the Y-axis direction can also be referred to as the port direction or the switching direction. The details are made with reference to different devices included in the optical switching device. definition:
定义1 Definition 1
以用于将光信号输入至WSS300内的第一AWG310为基准,该第一AWG310的输入端口(图中未示出)用于接收来自波导312的光束,该第一AWG310用于将该光束进行解复用以形成多个子波长光束,如形成具有波长λ
1的子光束,具有波长λ
2的子光束,依次类推,形成具有波长λ
4的子光束,本示例对第一AWG310包括四个输出端口为例进行示例,即该第一AWG310将来自波导312的光束解复用成四个具有不同波长的子波长光束,即λ
1、λ
2、λ
3以及λ
4互不相同。该4个子波长光束分别通过与该第一AWG310的4个输出端口耦合的4个波导313进行传输。该X轴方向为与第一AWG的输出端口耦合的波导313的排列方向或该第一AWG310所包括的多个输出端口的排列方向。该Z轴方向为波导312所传输的光束的传输方向,Y轴方向为分别与X轴方向和Z轴方向垂直的方向。
Taking the first AWG310 used to input the optical signal into the WSS300 as a reference, the input port (not shown in the figure) of the first AWG310 is used to receive the light beam from the waveguide 312, and the first AWG310 is used to carry out the light beam. demultiplexing beams to form a plurality of sub-wavelength, is formed as the sub-beam has a wavelength λ 1, the sub-beam having a wavelength λ 2, and so on, forming a sub-beam having a wavelength λ 4 of the present example comprises four output first AWG310 The port is taken as an example. That is, the first AWG 310 demultiplexes the light beam from the waveguide 312 into four sub-wavelength light beams with different wavelengths, namely, λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 and λ 4 are different from each other. The 4 sub-wavelength light beams are respectively transmitted through 4 waveguides 313 coupled with the 4 output ports of the first AWG 310. The X-axis direction is the arrangement direction of the waveguide 313 coupled with the output port of the first AWG or the arrangement direction of the plurality of output ports included in the first AWG 310. The Z-axis direction is the transmission direction of the light beam transmitted by the waveguide 312, and the Y-axis direction is the direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively.
需明确的是,本实施例以该第一AWG310接收一个光束为例进行示例性说明,在其他示例中,该第一AWG310也可通过两个或两个以上的输入端口接收两个或两个以上的多个光束。It should be clear that this embodiment takes the first AWG310 to receive one beam as an example for illustrative description. In other examples, the first AWG310 can also receive two or two through two or more input ports. Multiple beams above.
定义2Definition 2
以重定向组件303为基准,该Z轴方向为波导312所传输的光束的传输方向,X方向为从同一AWG(如第一AWG310)解复用而成的多个子波长光信号在该重定向组件303上所形成的光斑的排列方向,Y轴方向为分别与X轴方向和Z轴方向垂直的方向。若该重定向组件303为硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon,LCOS)芯片,则该重定向组件303加 载相位光栅产生衍射光光束在YZ平面内向波导阵列302传输。若该重定向组件303为液晶(liquid crystal)阵列芯片或者微机电***(micro electro mechanical system,MEMS),则所产生的偏转光束在YZ平面内向波导阵列302传输。Taking the redirection component 303 as a reference, the Z-axis direction is the transmission direction of the light beam transmitted by the waveguide 312, and the X-direction is the multiple sub-wavelength optical signals demultiplexed from the same AWG (such as the first AWG310). In the arrangement direction of the light spots formed on the component 303, the Y-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively. If the redirecting component 303 is a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) chip, the redirecting component 303 is loaded with a phase grating to generate a diffracted light beam to transmit to the waveguide array 302 in the YZ plane. If the redirecting component 303 is a liquid crystal (liquid crystal) array chip or a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), the generated deflected light beam is transmitted to the waveguide array 302 in the YZ plane.
以下对第一AWG310解复用而成的多个子波长光束如何向重定向组件303进行传输的过程进行说明:The following describes the process of how the multiple sub-wavelength beams demultiplexed by the first AWG 310 are transmitted to the redirection component 303:
本实施例所示的波导阵列302用于将来自第一AWG310的多个子波长光束传输至重定向组件303,以实现对各子波长光束的传输方向的偏转,以下基于上述所示的三维坐标系,对本实施例所提供的波导阵列302的具体结构进行说明:The waveguide array 302 shown in this embodiment is used to transmit multiple sub-wavelength light beams from the first AWG 310 to the redirecting component 303 to realize the deflection of the transmission direction of each sub-wavelength light beam. The following is based on the three-dimensional coordinate system shown above , The specific structure of the waveguide array 302 provided in this embodiment will be described:
该波导阵列302所包括的多个波导分别与该N个AWG耦合,具体地,本实施例对波导阵列302所包括的波导的数量不做限定,只要波导阵列302与AWG耦合的第一端部所包括的波导的数量,与WSS所包括的所有AWG与波导阵列302耦合的端部所包括的端口数相等即可。如本实施例所示的该第一端部包括M个波导,则WSS所包括的所有AWG与波导阵列302耦合的端部也包括M个端口。The multiple waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 are respectively coupled to the N AWGs. Specifically, the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the waveguide array 302 is coupled to the first end of the AWG. The number of waveguides included may be equal to the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302. As shown in this embodiment, the first end includes M waveguides, and all the ends where the AWG included in the WSS are coupled to the waveguide array 302 also include M ports.
本实施例以波导阵列302所包括的波导的数量与WSS所包括的所有AWG与波导阵列302耦合的端部所包括的端口数相等为例进行示例性说明,在其他示例中,该波导阵列302所包括的波导的数量也可大于WSS所包括的所有AWG与波导阵列302耦合的端部所包括的端口数,以便于后续在WSS中增加AWG时,减少对波导阵列302的改动。In this embodiment, the number of waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 is equal to the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302 as an example. In other examples, the waveguide array 302 The number of waveguides included can also be greater than the number of ports included in the ends of all AWGs included in the WSS that are coupled to the waveguide array 302, so that when an AWG is subsequently added to the WSS, the changes to the waveguide array 302 are reduced.
可选地,如图3所示,本实施例所示的波导阵列302的第一端部所包括的多个波导在上述所示的目标平面内排列,由上述所示可知,多个AWG也在该目标平面内排列,从而有效地保证第一端部所包括的多个波导能够分别与N个AWG耦合,有效地提高了波导阵列302所包括的波导与AWG耦合的结构的稳固。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the multiple waveguides included in the first end portion of the waveguide array 302 shown in this embodiment are arranged in the target plane shown above. It can be seen from the above that multiple AWGs are also The arrangement in the target plane effectively ensures that the plurality of waveguides included in the first end portion can be coupled with N AWGs respectively, and effectively improves the stability of the coupling structure of the waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 and the AWG.
需明确的是,本实施例对第一端部的具体结构不做限定,在其他示例中,该第一端部所包括的多个波导还可位于与目标平面不同的任意平面内,只要该第一端部所包括的多个波导分别与N个AWG耦合即可。It should be clear that this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the first end. In other examples, the multiple waveguides included in the first end may also be located in any plane different from the target plane, as long as the The multiple waveguides included in the first end may be coupled with N AWGs respectively.
该波导阵列302朝向重定向组件303的第二端部呈N层波导结构。本实施例中,在WSS300包括透镜组件的情况下与该WSS300未包括透镜组件的情况下,该N层波导结构有所区别,为更好的区分,如下在WSS300包括透镜组件的情况下,该第二端部呈第一N层波导结构,在WSS300不包括透镜组件的情况下,该第二端部呈第二N层波导结构为例进行说明:The waveguide array 302 has an N-layer waveguide structure toward the second end of the redirecting component 303. In this embodiment, when the WSS300 includes a lens component and the WSS300 does not include a lens component, the N-layer waveguide structure is different. For a better distinction, as follows when the WSS300 includes a lens component, the The second end has a first N-layer waveguide structure. In the case that the WSS300 does not include a lens assembly, the second end has a second N-layer waveguide structure as an example for description:
以下以该WSS300包括该透镜组件为例进行示例性说明:The following takes the WSS300 including the lens assembly as an example for illustration:
首先对透镜组件的位置进行说明:First, explain the position of the lens assembly:
如图3所示,本实施例所示的透镜组件304位于该波导阵列302和该重定向组件303之间,具体地,该波导阵列302所包括的各个波导朝向该重定向组件303的端面位于该透镜组件304的前焦点平面,沿Z轴方向,该重定向组件303与该透镜组件304之间的距离等于该透镜组件304的焦距。本实施例对该透镜组件304所包括的透镜的数量不做限定,即该透镜组件304可包括一个或多个透镜,本实施例以该透镜组件304包括一个透镜为例进行示例性说明。As shown in FIG. 3, the lens component 304 shown in this embodiment is located between the waveguide array 302 and the redirecting component 303. Specifically, the end faces of the waveguides included in the waveguide array 302 facing the redirecting component 303 are located The front focal plane of the lens assembly 304 is along the Z axis, and the distance between the redirection assembly 303 and the lens assembly 304 is equal to the focal length of the lens assembly 304. This embodiment does not limit the number of lenses included in the lens assembly 304, that is, the lens assembly 304 may include one or more lenses. In this embodiment, the lens assembly 304 includes one lens as an example for illustration.
需明确的是,本实施例对波导阵列302和透镜组件304之间的位置关系的说明为可选地示例,不做限定,只要透镜组件304能够将波导阵列302的第一波导所传输的子波长光束传输至重定向组件303即可。It should be clear that the description of the positional relationship between the waveguide array 302 and the lens assembly 304 in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited, as long as the lens assembly 304 can transmit the sub-waves transmitted by the first waveguide of the waveguide array 302 The wavelength beam can be transmitted to the redirecting component 303.
具体地,本实施例所示的该透镜组件304为平凸透镜,即该透镜组件304朝向该重定向组件303的侧面呈凸透镜结构,而该透镜组件304朝向波导阵列302的侧面呈平面透镜结构。需明确的是,本实施例对透镜组件304的说明为可选地示例,不做限定。Specifically, the lens assembly 304 shown in this embodiment is a plano-convex lens, that is, the side of the lens assembly 304 facing the redirecting assembly 303 has a convex lens structure, and the side of the lens assembly 304 facing the waveguide array 302 has a flat lens structure. It should be clear that the description of the lens assembly 304 in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited.
其次,对第一N层波导结构进行说明:Next, the first N-layer waveguide structure will be described:
该第一N层波导结构所包括的波导的层数为N,且本实施例所示的第一N层波导结构所包括的层数和WSS300所包括的AWG的数量相等,进而通过该第一N层波导结构实现N个AWG与重定向组件303之间的光信号的传输。具体地,同一AWG耦合位于该第一N层波导结构中的同一层波导,不同的AWG耦合位于该第一N层波导结构中的不同层波导。The number of waveguide layers included in the first N-layer waveguide structure is N, and the number of layers included in the first N-layer waveguide structure shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of AWGs included in the WSS300, and the first N-layer waveguide structure The N-layer waveguide structure realizes the transmission of optical signals between the N AWGs and the redirection component 303. Specifically, the same AWG is coupled to the same layer of waveguides located in the first N-layer waveguide structure, and different AWGs are coupled to the different layer of waveguides located in the first N-layer waveguide structure.
例如结合图3、图5和图7所示为例,其中,图5为在XY平面作为视图平面的情况下该第一N层波导结构的侧视图。图7为在YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下该WSS的侧视图。由图3所示可知,该WSS300包括三个AWG,则如图7所示,该波导阵列302的第二端部包括三层波导结构,每一层波导结构包括多个波导。For example, an example is shown in conjunction with FIG. 3, FIG. 5, and FIG. 7, where FIG. 5 is a side view of the first N-layer waveguide structure when the XY plane is used as the view plane. Fig. 7 is a side view of the WSS with the YZ plane as the view plane. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the WSS300 includes three AWGs. As shown in FIG. 7, the second end of the waveguide array 302 includes a three-layer waveguide structure, and each layer of the waveguide structure includes multiple waveguides.
例如,该三层波导结构中的第二层波导结构501与图3所示的第一AWG310耦合,即第二层波导结构501所包括的多个第一波导与第一AWG310的输出端口耦合。本实施例以波导阵列所包括的多个波导中,与该第一AWG310耦合的波导作为第一波导,具体例如,该第一AWG包括四个输出端口,与该四个端口耦合的四个第一波导在以XY平面为视图平面的情况下,该四个第一波导靠近重定向组件303的横截面如图5所示的第二层波导结构501所示。For example, the second-layer waveguide structure 501 in the three-layer waveguide structure is coupled with the first AWG 310 shown in FIG. 3, that is, the multiple first waveguides included in the second-layer waveguide structure 501 are coupled with the output port of the first AWG 310. In this embodiment, among the multiple waveguides included in the waveguide array, the waveguide coupled to the first AWG 310 is used as the first waveguide. Specifically, for example, the first AWG includes four output ports, and the four second ones coupled to the four ports When a waveguide takes the XY plane as the viewing plane, the cross-section of the four first waveguides close to the redirection component 303 is as shown in the second-layer waveguide structure 501 shown in FIG. 5.
如图7所示,以YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下,该第二端部所包括的N层波导结构在N个第一平面内排列,本示例以N等于3为例,其中,该第一平面与XZ平面平行。而不同层的波导结构在第二平面内排列,该第二平面为XY平面,即本实施例所示的第一平面与该第二平面垂直。As shown in FIG. 7, when the YZ plane is used as the view plane, the N-layer waveguide structure included in the second end portion is arranged in N first planes. In this example, N is equal to 3 as an example. A plane is parallel to the XZ plane. The waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in a second plane, which is an XY plane, that is, the first plane shown in this embodiment is perpendicular to the second plane.
以下继续对第二端部的耦合关系进行说明:The following continues to describe the coupling relationship of the second end:
图5所示的第一层波导结构502所包括的多个第二波导与图3所示的第二AWG320耦合,第三层波导结构503所包括的多个第二波导与图3所示的第二AWG330耦合。本实施例对各AWG耦合至波导阵列302的第二端部的具体哪层波导结构不做限定,只要不同的AWG耦合不同层的波导即可。The multiple second waveguides included in the first-layer waveguide structure 502 shown in FIG. 5 are coupled with the second AWG320 shown in FIG. 3, and the multiple second waveguides included in the third-layer waveguide structure 503 are coupled with those shown in FIG. The second AWG330 is coupled. In this embodiment, the specific layer of waveguide structure where each AWG is coupled to the second end of the waveguide array 302 is not limited, as long as different AWGs are coupled to different layers of waveguides.
结合图3和图5所示,以第二端部所包括用于耦合不同AWG的不同层波导,在以XY平面为视图平面内,沿Y轴方向排列为例,即用于耦合不同AWG的不同层波导,对应Y轴不同的坐标,同一层波导对应X轴不同的坐标。需明确的是,图5所示为对第二端部的排列的可选说明,不做限定,还例如图6所示,在以XY平面为视图平面内,第二端部内用于耦合不同AWG的不同层波导沿X轴方向排列为例,即该第二端部所包括的第一层波导601、第二层波导602以及第三层波导603分别用于耦合图3所示的三个不同的AWG,且图6所示中,用于耦合不同AWG的不同层波导,对应X轴不同的坐标,同一层波导对应Y轴不同的坐标。需明确的是,在第二端部内用于耦合不同AWG的不同层波导沿X轴方向排列的情 况下,Y轴方向称之为波长方向或色散方向,X轴方向称之为端口方向或交换方向。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, the second end includes different layers of waveguides for coupling different AWGs, in the XY plane as the view plane, arranged along the Y axis as an example, that is, for coupling different AWGs Different layers of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the Y axis, and the same layer of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the X axis. It should be clear that Figure 5 shows an optional description of the arrangement of the second end, which is not limited. For example, as shown in Figure 6, in the XY plane as the view plane, the second end is used for coupling different As an example, the different layers of waveguides of the AWG are arranged along the X-axis direction, that is, the first layer of waveguide 601, the second layer of waveguide 602, and the third layer of waveguide 603 included in the second end are respectively used to couple the three layers shown in FIG. Different AWGs, as shown in Figure 6, are used to couple different layers of waveguides to different AWGs, corresponding to different coordinates on the X axis, and the same layer of waveguides correspond to different coordinates on the Y axis. It should be clarified that when the waveguides of different layers used to couple different AWGs in the second end are arranged along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction is called the wavelength direction or the dispersion direction, and the X-axis direction is called the port direction or exchange. direction.
本实施例对该波导阵列302中,位于第一端部和第二端部之间的波导的结构不做限定,只要位于第一端部和第二端部之间的波导,能够将第一端部所包括的各个波导分别耦合至第二端部所包括的各个波导即可。This embodiment does not limit the structure of the waveguide located between the first end and the second end in the waveguide array 302. As long as the waveguide located between the first end and the second end, the first Each waveguide included in the end portion may be coupled to each waveguide included in the second end portion.
可选地,该波导阵列302所包括的M个波导中,任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值,本实施例对该第一预设值的具体大小不做限定,只要任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值的情况下,任意相邻的两个波导不会出现交叉或距离过近的情况,有效地避免不同波导之间出现串扰的情况,提高对光信号的传输方向进行偏转的精确性。例如,若波导的材质为二氧化硅,则该第一预设值为15微米(um),若波导的材质为聚合物(polymer),则该第一预设值为10um。Optionally, among the M waveguides included in the waveguide array 302, the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the specific size of the first preset value is different in this embodiment. As a limitation, as long as the distance between any two adjacent waveguides is greater than or equal to the first preset value, any two adjacent waveguides will not cross or be too close, effectively avoiding different waveguides When crosstalk occurs between the two, the accuracy of deflection of the transmission direction of the optical signal is improved. For example, if the material of the waveguide is silicon dioxide, the first preset value is 15 microns (um), and if the material of the waveguide is polymer (polymer), the first preset value is 10 um.
本实施例中,通过该第一波导向重定向组件303传输的子波长光束的传输方向与该透镜组件304的光轴对准,从而使得该透镜组件304不会改变从该第一波导所出射的子波长光束的传输方向,以图7所示的为例,从第一波导所出射的子波长光束701经由透镜组件304传输至重定向组件303。In this embodiment, the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam transmitted to the redirecting component 303 through the first waveguide is aligned with the optical axis of the lens component 304, so that the lens component 304 does not change the output from the first waveguide. The transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam is shown in FIG. 7 as an example. The sub-wavelength light beam 701 emitted from the first waveguide is transmitted to the redirecting component 303 through the lens component 304.
可选地,本实施例以该第一波导向重定向组件303传输的子波长光束的传输方向与该透镜组件304的光轴对准为例进行示例性说明,不做限定,在其他示例中,该第一波导向重定向组件303传输的子波长光束的传输方向与该透镜组件304的光轴之间也可存在夹角,从而使得该透镜组件304改变从该第一波导所出射的子波长光束的传输方向,只要该透镜组件304能够将第一波导所传输的子波长光束传输至重定向组件303上即可。Optionally, in this embodiment, the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam transmitted by the first waveguide to the redirection component 303 is aligned with the optical axis of the lens component 304 as an example for illustrative description, which is not limited. In other examples, There may also be an angle between the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam transmitted from the first waveguide to the redirecting component 303 and the optical axis of the lens component 304, so that the lens component 304 changes the sub-wavelength emitted from the first waveguide. The transmission direction of the wavelength light beam only needs to be as long as the lens assembly 304 can transmit the sub-wavelength light beam transmitted by the first waveguide to the redirecting assembly 303.
以下结合图8所示对本实施例所示的重定向组件303进行说明,其中,图8所示为以XY平面作为视图平面的情况下,该重定向组件303朝向波导阵列302的端面结构示例图。本实施例以重定向组件为LCoS为例进行示例性说明。The redirection component 303 shown in this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 8, where FIG. 8 shows an example of the structure of the end face of the redirection component 303 facing the waveguide array 302 when the XY plane is used as the view plane. . In this embodiment, the redirection component is an LCoS as an example for illustrative description.
该重定向组件303朝向波导阵列302的端面包括多个重定向区域,本实施例对各重定向区域所包括的像素点(pixel)的数量不做限定。本实施例所示的重定向区域的数量与待进行传输方向偏转的子波长光束的数量相等,结合图3所示的示例,在第一AWG310向重定向组件303传输四个子波长光束的情况下,该重定向组件303包括有四个重定向区域(如图8所示的重定向区域801、802、803以及804)。为对各子波长光束的传输方向进行偏转,则可对重定向区域加载电压,由于重定向组件303的双折射效应,具有不同电压的重定向区域对应不同的相位延迟量,所以只需改变重定向区域所加载的电压,即可控制该重定向区域对子波长光束偏转传输方向后,从该重定向区域进行出射的出射角度,具有不同出射角度的子波长光束能够传输至不同的第二AWG。本实施例所示的出射角度是指,在以YZ平面为视图平面的情况下,子波长光束从重定向组件303出射的出射角度。The end surface of the redirecting component 303 facing the waveguide array 302 includes a plurality of redirecting regions, and the number of pixels included in each redirecting region is not limited in this embodiment. The number of redirection regions shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of sub-wavelength beams to be deflected in the transmission direction. With reference to the example shown in FIG. 3, in the case where the first AWG 310 transmits four sub-wavelength beams to the redirection component 303 The redirection component 303 includes four redirection areas ( redirection areas 801, 802, 803, and 804 as shown in FIG. 8). In order to deflect the transmission direction of each sub-wavelength beam, voltage can be applied to the redirection area. Due to the birefringence effect of the redirection component 303, the redirection area with different voltages corresponds to different phase delays, so you only need to change the weight. The voltage applied to the directional area can control the exit angle of the reorientation area after deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam. Sub-wavelength beams with different exit angles can be transmitted to different second AWGs. . The emergence angle shown in this embodiment refers to the emergence angle of the sub-wavelength beam from the redirection component 303 when the YZ plane is taken as the view plane.
例如,通过对重定向区域801和重定向区域802加载电压,使得分别经由重定向区域801和重定向区域802重定向后,传输方向发生偏转的重定向后的子波长光束向第二AWG320传输。又如,通过对重定向区域803和重定向区域804加载电压,使得分别经由重定向区域803和重定向区域804重定向后,传输方向发生偏转的重定向后的子波长光束向第二AWG330传输。需明确的是,本实施例对接收重定向后的子波长光束的第二AWG的说明为可 选地示例,不做限定,例如,重定向组件303还可将所有重定向后的子波长光束均向第二AWG320传输,又如,重定向组件303还可将所有重定向后的子波长光束均向第二AWG330传输等。For example, by applying voltage to the redirection area 801 and the redirection area 802, the redirected sub-wavelength beams whose transmission direction is deflected are transmitted to the second AWG320 after being redirected through the redirection area 801 and the redirection area 802 respectively. For another example, by applying a voltage to the redirection area 803 and the redirection area 804, the redirected sub-wavelength beam whose transmission direction is deflected is transmitted to the second AWG330 after being redirected through the redirection area 803 and the redirection area 804, respectively. . It should be clarified that the description of the second AWG that receives the redirected sub-wavelength beams in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited. For example, the redirecting component 303 may also redirect all the redirected sub-wavelength beams. All are transmitted to the second AWG320. For another example, the redirecting component 303 can also transmit all the redirected sub-wavelength beams to the second AWG330.
可选地,为减少对光束的传输方向进行偏转过程中的插损,则本实施例所示的该第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值,使得该第一波导向该重定向组件303所传输的子波长光束为准直光束,进而有效地提高了子波长光束照射在重定向组件303的重定向区域内所形成的光斑的大小,进而有效地减少了插损。而且在第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值的情况下,该WSS3000内无需在第一波导和重定向组件303之间设置用于对光束进行准直的透镜,从而减少了WSS所包括的器件的数量,降低了成本,降低了装配工艺的难度。本实施例对该第二预设值的大小不做限定,例如,该第第二预设值为40,具体地,该第一波导沿Y轴方向的长度大于或等于2um,该第一波导沿X方向的长度大于或等于20um,则该第一波导的横截面积大于或等于40平方微米(μm
2)。
Optionally, in order to reduce the insertion loss in the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the light beam, the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide shown in this embodiment is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the first waveguide faces the The sub-wavelength beam transmitted by the redirecting component 303 is a collimated beam, thereby effectively increasing the size of the spot formed by the sub-wavelength beam irradiating the redirecting area of the redirecting component 303, thereby effectively reducing the insertion loss. Moreover, when the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to the second preset value, there is no need to provide a lens for collimating the light beam between the first waveguide and the redirecting component 303 in the WSS3000, thereby reducing The number of devices included in the WSS reduces the cost and the difficulty of the assembly process. This embodiment does not limit the size of the second preset value. For example, the second preset value is 40. Specifically, the length of the first waveguide along the Y-axis direction is greater than or equal to 2um, and the first waveguide If the length along the X direction is greater than or equal to 20 um, the cross-sectional area of the first waveguide is greater than or equal to 40 square micrometers (μm 2 ).
由上述所示可知,与同一第一AWG310耦合的多个第一波导,在波导阵列302的第二端部中位于同一层,可选地,本实施例所示的与第一AWG310耦合的该多个第一波导在N层波导结构中位于中间层,或与第一AWG310耦合的该多个第一波导在N层波导结构中位于靠近该中间层的任一层。It can be seen from the above that the multiple first waveguides coupled to the same first AWG310 are located on the same layer in the second end of the waveguide array 302. Optionally, the first waveguide coupled to the first AWG310 shown in this embodiment is The plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer in the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides coupled with the first AWG 310 are located in any layer close to the middle layer in the N-layer waveguide structure.
以图3和图5所示的示例中,在WSS300包括3个AWG的情况下,与该第一AWG310耦合的多个第一波导在3层波导结构中位于第二层(即图5所示的501)。以图4所示的示例中,在WSS包括6个AWG的情况下,与该第一AWG310耦合的多个第一波导在6层波导结构中的第3层或第4层。In the example shown in Figures 3 and 5, when the WSS300 includes 3 AWGs, the multiple first waveguides coupled to the first AWG310 are located on the second layer in the 3-layer waveguide structure (ie, as shown in Figure 5). 501). In the example shown in FIG. 4, when the WSS includes 6 AWGs, the multiple first waveguides coupled with the first AWG 310 are in the third or fourth layer of the 6-layer waveguide structure.
以YZ平面为视图平面,在与同一第一AWG耦合的多个第一波导,位于N层波导结构中的中间层或靠近该中间层的任一层的情况下,能够降低子波长光束入射该重定向组件303的入射角度和子波长光束从该重定向组件304出射的出射角度之间的差值,从而有效地减少重定向组件的插损。Taking the YZ plane as the view plane, when multiple first waveguides coupled to the same first AWG are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure or any layer close to the middle layer, the incidence of sub-wavelength beams can be reduced. The difference between the incident angle of the redirecting component 303 and the exit angle of the sub-wavelength beam from the redirecting component 304, thereby effectively reducing the insertion loss of the redirecting component.
以下对子波长光束经由重定向组件303对传输方向进行偏转后,传输至第二AWG的过程进行说明:The process of transmitting the sub-wavelength light beam to the second AWG after deflecting the transmission direction by the redirecting component 303 is described below:
结合图3所示,经由该重定向组件303重定向后的子波长光束306(即图3所示的虚线箭头所示)传输至透镜组件304,该透镜组件304朝向该重定向组件303的端部呈凸透镜结构,则该透镜组件304能够改变该重定向后的多个子波长光束306的传输方向,使得从该透镜组件304出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与第二波导靠近该透镜组件304的端部对准,有效地保证从该透镜组件304出射的多个子波长光束入射至多个第二波导,其中,第二波导为波导阵列302所包括的,用于与第二AWG耦合的波导。As shown in FIG. 3, the sub-wavelength beam 306 redirected by the redirecting component 303 (that is, shown by the dashed arrow shown in FIG. 3) is transmitted to the lens component 304, and the lens component 304 faces the end of the redirecting component 303 Part is a convex lens structure, the lens assembly 304 can change the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams 306 after the redirection, so that the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 and the second waveguide Close to the end of the lens assembly 304 is aligned to effectively ensure that the multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 are incident on a plurality of second waveguides. The second waveguide is included in the waveguide array 302 and is used to communicate with the second waveguide AWG coupled waveguide.
为更好的理解,继续结合图7和图8所示的示例,在经由重定向区域801重定向后的子波长光束702用于向第二AWG320传输,则经过透镜组件304改变传输方向后所出射的子波长光束703与第一层波导结构502所包括的一个第二波导对准,进而使得该第二波导能够将子波长光束703传输至第二AWG320。又如,经由重定向区域803重定向后的子波长光束704用于向第二AWG330传输,则经过透镜组件304改变传输方向后所出射的子波长光束 705与第三层波导结构503所包括的一个第二波导对准,进而使得该第二波导能够将子波长光束705传输至第二AWG330。For a better understanding, continue to combine the examples shown in Figures 7 and 8, after the sub-wavelength beam 702 redirected by the redirection area 801 is used for transmission to the second AWG320, the transmission direction is changed by the lens assembly 304. The outgoing sub-wavelength beam 703 is aligned with a second waveguide included in the first-layer waveguide structure 502, so that the second waveguide can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 703 to the second AWG 320. For another example, the sub-wavelength beam 704 redirected by the redirection area 803 is used for transmission to the second AWG 330, and the sub-wavelength beam 705 emitted after changing the transmission direction through the lens assembly 304 and the third layer waveguide structure 503 include A second waveguide is aligned so that the second waveguide can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 705 to the second AWG330.
为实现从透镜组件304出射的子波长光束能够成功的传输至第二波导,则本实施例所示的从该透镜组件304出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束(如图7所示的子波长光束703、子波长光束705)的传输方向与该透镜组件304的光轴平行,波导阵列302所包括的第二波导靠近该透镜组件304的端部与该透镜组件的光轴平行,进而有效的保证在XY平面作为视图平面的情况下,从该透镜组件304出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束能够与波导阵列302所包括的多个第二波导分别对准,进而有效地保证第二波导能够成功的向第二AWG传输从该透镜组件304出射的该重定向后的多个子波长光束。In order to realize that the sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 can be successfully transmitted to the second waveguide, the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 shown in this embodiment (as shown in FIG. 7 The transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam 703 and the sub-wavelength beam 705) is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly 304, and the end of the second waveguide included in the waveguide array 302 close to the lens assembly 304 is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and then This effectively ensures that when the XY plane is used as the view plane, the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 can be aligned with the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array 302, thereby effectively ensuring The second waveguide can successfully transmit the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the lens assembly 304 to the second AWG.
继续参见图3和图4所示,与第二AWG320耦合的多个第二波导,用于将重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至该第二AWG320,该第二AWG320用于对所接收到的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束,并输出复用后的该至少一个光束。本实施例以第二AWG320将多个子波长光束复用为一个光束为例,则第二AWG320即可通过与输出端口耦合的输出波导321输出该光束。可选地,该输出波导321为该第二AWG320的一部分,还可选地,该输出波导321也可为独立的波导,用于与第二AWG320的输出端口耦合。对WSS所包括的其他第二AWG输出光束的说明,可参见该第二AWG320所示,具体不做赘述。Continuing to refer to Figures 3 and 4, multiple second waveguides coupled with the second AWG320 are used to transmit multiple sub-wavelength beams after redirection to the second AWG320, and the second AWG320 is used to The multiple sub-wavelength light beams are multiplexed into at least one light beam, and the multiplexed at least one light beam is output. In this embodiment, taking the second AWG 320 multiplexing multiple sub-wavelength beams into one beam as an example, the second AWG 320 can output the beam through the output waveguide 321 coupled to the output port. Optionally, the output waveguide 321 is a part of the second AWG320. Alternatively, the output waveguide 321 may also be an independent waveguide for coupling with the output port of the second AWG320. For the description of the output beams of other second AWGs included in the WSS, please refer to the description of the second AWG320, which will not be repeated in detail.
采用本实施例所示的光交换装置,因将用于对光束进行复用和解复用的多个合分波元件在同一目标平面内排列设置,无需对多个合分波元件进行层叠操作,又因本实施例所示的光交换装置无需设置空间光学的体光栅元件,从而降低了光交换装置的整体尺寸,进而降低了对光交换装置进行装配的难度和成本。With the optical switching device shown in this embodiment, since multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements for multiplexing and demultiplexing light beams are arranged in the same target plane, there is no need to stack multiple multiplexing and demultiplexing elements. In addition, because the optical switching device shown in this embodiment does not need to be provided with spatial optical volume grating elements, the overall size of the optical switching device is reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of assembling the optical switching device.
本实施例所示的波导阵列一端与多个合分波元件耦合,另一端呈N层波导结构,从而使得波导阵列能够有效地保证将经由重定向组件重定向后的子波长光束传输至合分波元件进行复用,提高了对子光束的传输方向进行重定向后传输至合分波元件的准确性,有效地降低了串扰的情况。One end of the waveguide array shown in this embodiment is coupled with multiple combining and splitting elements, and the other end is an N-layer waveguide structure, so that the waveguide array can effectively ensure that the sub-wavelength beams redirected by the redirecting component are transmitted to the combining and splitting elements. The multiplexing of the wave elements improves the accuracy of the sub-beam transmission to the multiplexing and demultiplexing elements after redirecting the transmission direction of the sub-beams, and effectively reduces the crosstalk.
在需要光交换装置支持更多光束的复用和解复用的场景下,仅需要在同一目标平面内增加更多的合分波元件,并在波导阵列中设置与新增加的合分波元件耦合的波导即可实现,降低了增加支持更多光束的复用和解复用的难度,能够适配更多的应用场景。In the scenario where the optical switching device is required to support the multiplexing and demultiplexing of more light beams, it is only necessary to add more multiplexer and demultiplexer components in the same target plane, and set up couplings with the newly added multiplexer and demultiplexer components in the waveguide array The waveguide can be realized, which reduces the difficulty of increasing the multiplexing and demultiplexing of supporting more light beams, and can adapt to more application scenarios.
以下结合图9所示对本实施例所提供的不包括透镜组件的WSS900进行说明,其中,图9为本申请所提供的WSS的另一种实施例整体机构示例图:The following describes the WSS900 provided by this embodiment without the lens assembly in conjunction with FIG. 9, where FIG. 9 is an example diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the WSS provided by this application:
本实施例所示的PLC芯片301、重定向组件303的具体说明,请详见上述实施例所示,具体不做赘述。本实施例所示的波导阵列901的第一端部的结构的说明,可参加图3所示,具体不做赘述。以下对本实施例所示的波导阵列901的呈第二N层波导结构的第二端部的结构进行说明;For the specific description of the PLC chip 301 and the redirection component 303 shown in this embodiment, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment for details, and the details will not be repeated. The description of the structure of the first end of the waveguide array 901 shown in this embodiment can be referred to as shown in FIG. 3, and the details are not repeated. The structure of the second end of the waveguide array 901 shown in this embodiment in the second N-layer waveguide structure will be described below;
该波导阵列901包括与第一AWG310耦合的第一波导和与第二AWG(320或330)耦合的第二波导,对第一AWG和第二AWG的具体说明,请详见图3所示的实施例,具体不做赘述。对第一波导的说明请详见图3所示的实施例,具体不做赘述。The waveguide array 901 includes a first waveguide coupled with the first AWG 310 and a second waveguide coupled with the second AWG (320 or 330). For a detailed description of the first AWG and the second AWG, please refer to the diagram shown in Figure 3 The specific embodiments are not described in detail. For the description of the first waveguide, please refer to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, and the details will not be repeated.
本实施例所示的用于与第二AWG耦合的各第二波导靠近该重定向组件303的端部与该 第一波导之间存在夹角,为更好的理解,以下结合图10所示进行说明,其中,图10为在YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下该WSS的侧视图。There is an angle between the end of each second waveguide for coupling with the second AWG shown in this embodiment that is close to the redirection component 303 and the first waveguide. For a better understanding, the following is shown in conjunction with FIG. 10 To illustrate, FIG. 10 is a side view of the WSS when the YZ plane is used as the view plane.
由图10所示可知,本实施例以第一波导1001靠近重定向组件303的端部与重定向组件303的法线平行,以使第一波导1001能够将子波长光束传输至重定向组件303所包括的重定向区域中,对该重定向区域的具体说明,请详见图8所示,具体不做赘述。As shown in FIG. 10, in this embodiment, the end of the first waveguide 1001 close to the redirecting component 303 is parallel to the normal of the redirecting component 303, so that the first waveguide 1001 can transmit the sub-wavelength light beam to the redirecting component 303. Among the included redirection areas, for a specific description of the redirection area, please refer to Figure 8 for details, and details are not repeated.
以如何将子波长光束传输至第二AWG320为例进行说明,在WSS900未设置透镜组件的情况下,则使得WSS900没有器件改变从重定向组件303出射的子波长光束的传输方向,为使得第二波导能够成功的将子波长光束传输至第二AWG320,则在以YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下,本实施例所示的第二波导1002靠近该重定向组件303的端部与该第一波导1001之间存在夹角θ,本实施例对θ的具体大小不做限定,只要使得从该重定向组件303出射的重定向后的子波长光束1003的传输方向与该第二波导1002靠近该重定向组件303的端部对准即可,该第二波导1002即可将子波长光束1003传输至第二AWG320。Take how to transmit the sub-wavelength beam to the second AWG320 as an example. In the case that the WSS900 is not equipped with a lens assembly, the WSS900 has no device to change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component 303, so that the second waveguide The sub-wavelength beam can be successfully transmitted to the second AWG320, and when the YZ plane is used as the view plane, the second waveguide 1002 shown in this embodiment is close to the end of the redirecting component 303 and the first waveguide 1001. There is an included angle θ. This embodiment does not limit the specific size of θ, as long as the transmission direction of the redirected sub-wavelength beam 1003 emitted from the redirecting component 303 is close to the redirecting direction of the second waveguide 1002. The ends of the component 303 can be aligned, and the second waveguide 1002 can transmit the sub-wavelength beam 1003 to the second AWG320.
在以YZ平面作为视图平面的情况下,可见,本实施例所示第二N层波导结构在层叠的N的第一平面内排列,本实施例中,不同的第一平面之间可存在一定的夹角。不同层的波导结构在第二平面内排列,该第二平面为XY平面,而本实施例所示的第一平面与第二平面之间可存在任意锐角或钝角结构,或者,该第一平面与该第二平面垂直。When the YZ plane is used as the view plane, it can be seen that the second N-layer waveguide structure shown in this embodiment is arranged in the first plane of the stacked N. In this embodiment, there may be a certain amount between different first planes.的角。 The included angle. The waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in a second plane, which is an XY plane, and any acute or obtuse angle structure may exist between the first plane and the second plane shown in this embodiment, or, the first plane It is perpendicular to the second plane.
本实施例对如何实现从该重定向组件303出射的子波长光束1003的传输方向与该第二波导1002靠近该重定向组件303的端部对准的不做限定,只要该子波长光束1003能够成功的传输至该第二波导1002中即可。例如,为实现对准,则本实施例所示的该第二波导1002靠近该重定向组件303的端部与该第一波导1001之间存在第一夹角,从该重定向组件303出射的该子波长光束1003与该重定向组件303的法线之间存在第二夹角,本实施例所示的该第一夹角与该第二夹角相等,均为θ,进而有效地保证了子波长光束能够成功地传输至第二AWG320。This embodiment does not limit how the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam 1003 emitted from the redirecting component 303 is aligned with the end of the second waveguide 1002 close to the redirecting component 303, as long as the sub-wavelength beam 1003 can It can be successfully transmitted to the second waveguide 1002. For example, in order to achieve alignment, there is a first angle between the end of the second waveguide 1002 close to the redirection component 303 and the first waveguide 1001 shown in this embodiment, and the output from the redirection component 303 There is a second included angle between the sub-wavelength beam 1003 and the normal of the redirecting component 303. The first included angle and the second included angle shown in this embodiment are equal to θ, which effectively guarantees The sub-wavelength beam can be successfully transmitted to the second AWG320.
第二AWG320接收到多个子波长光束后,即可对多个子波长光束进行复用以输出光束,具体复用过程以及输出光束的过程,请详见上述实施例所示,具体不做赘述。After the second AWG320 receives multiple sub-wavelength beams, it can multiplex the multiple sub-wavelength beams to output the beam. For the specific multiplexing process and the process of outputting the beam, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment for details, and details are not repeated.
采用本实施例所示的光交换装置,因无需设置透镜组件,有效地减少了光交换装置所包括的器件的数量,进而有效地减少光交换装置的尺寸,降低了装配工艺,降低了成本。With the optical switching device shown in this embodiment, no lens assembly is required, which effectively reduces the number of devices included in the optical switching device, thereby effectively reducing the size of the optical switching device, reducing the assembly process, and reducing the cost.
基于上述图3、图4、图7所示,以光交换装置包括透镜组件的说明,以下结合图11所示对重定向方法的一种执行过程进行说明:Based on the above descriptions shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7, taking the description that the optical switching device includes the lens assembly, the following describes an execution process of the redirection method with reference to FIG. 11:
步骤1101、光交换装置通过第一合分波元件将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束。Step 1101: The optical switching device demultiplexes at least one light beam into multiple sub-wavelength light beams through the first multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
步骤1102、光交换装置通过第一合分波元件将每个子波长光束传输至波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导。Step 1102: The optical switching device transmits each sub-wavelength light beam to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element.
步骤1103、光交换装置通过多个第一波导将多个子波长光束传输至重定向组件。Step 1103: The optical switching device transmits the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirection component through the multiple first waveguides.
本实施例所示的步骤1101至步骤1103,具体如何通过第一合分波元件将子波长光束传输至重定向组件的过程,请详见上述图3、图4、图7所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。 Steps 1101 to 1103 shown in this embodiment, specifically how to transmit the sub-wavelength beam to the redirection component through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 7 for details. As shown, the details will not be repeated.
步骤1104、光交换装置通过透镜组件改变重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向以传输至多个第二波导。Step 1104: The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength beams after redirection through the lens assembly to transmit to the multiple second waveguides.
对透镜组件改变子波长光束的传输方向的具体说明,请详见上述图3、图4、图7所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。For the specific description of changing the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam by the lens assembly, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 for details, and details are not repeated here.
步骤1105、光交换装置通过多个第二波导将重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至第二合分波元件。Step 1105: The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element through multiple second waveguides.
步骤1106、光交换装置通过第二合分波元件对重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束。Step 1106: The optical switching device multiplexes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams into at least one light beam through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
步骤1107、光交换装置通过第二合分波元件输出复用后的至少一个光束。Step 1107: The optical switching device outputs at least one light beam after multiplexing through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
对重定向后的子波长光束如何传输至第二合分波元件的过程,请详见上述图3、图4、图7所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。For the process of how the redirected sub-wavelength beam is transmitted to the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element, please refer to the embodiments shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 for details, and details are not described in detail.
本实施例所示的有益效果的说明,请详见上述图3、图4、图7所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。For the description of the beneficial effects shown in this embodiment, please refer to the embodiments shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 for details, and details are not repeated here.
基于上述图9和图10所示,以光交换装置包不括透镜组件的说明,以下结合图12所示对重定向方法的另一种执行过程进行说明:Based on the description shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 above, assuming that the optical switching device does not include the lens assembly, the following describes another execution process of the redirection method with reference to FIG. 12:
步骤1201、光交换装置通过第一合分波元件将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束。Step 1201: The optical switching device demultiplexes at least one light beam into a plurality of sub-wavelength light beams through the first multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
步骤1202、光交换装置通过第一合分波元件将每个子波长光束传输至波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导。Step 1202: The optical switching device transmits each sub-wavelength light beam to a first waveguide included in the waveguide array through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element.
步骤1203、光交换装置通过多个第一波导将多个子波长光束传输至重定向组件。Step 1203: The optical switching device transmits the multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the redirecting component through the multiple first waveguides.
本实施例所示的步骤1201至步骤1203的过程,请详见图11所示的步骤1101至步骤1103所示,具体不做赘述。For the process from step 1201 to step 1203 shown in this embodiment, please refer to step 1101 to step 1103 shown in FIG. 11 for details, and details are not described in detail.
步骤1204、光交换装置通过该重定向组件将重定向后的该多个子波长光束传输至该波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导。Step 1204: The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array through the redirecting component.
对透镜组件改变子波长光束的传输方向的具体说明,请详见上述图9和图10所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。For the specific description of changing the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam by the lens assembly, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 for details, and the details are not repeated here.
步骤1205、光交换装置通过多个第二波导将重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至第二合分波元件。Step 1205: The optical switching device transmits the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams to the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element through multiple second waveguides.
步骤1206、光交换装置通过第二合分波元件对重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束。Step 1206: The optical switching device multiplexes the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams into at least one light beam through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
步骤1207、光交换装置通过第二合分波元件输出复用后的至少一个光束。Step 1207: The optical switching device outputs at least one light beam after multiplexing through the second multiplexing/demultiplexing element.
本实施例所示的步骤1205至步骤1207的过程,请详见图11所示的步骤1105至步骤1107所示,不做赘述。For the process from step 1205 to step 1207 shown in this embodiment, please refer to step 1105 to step 1107 shown in FIG. 11 for details, and will not be repeated.
本实施例所示的有益效果的说明,请详见上述图9和图10所示的实施例所示,具体不做赘述。For the description of the beneficial effects shown in this embodiment, please refer to the embodiments shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 for details, and details are not repeated here.
本申请还提供了一种如图2所示的ROADM,具体说明请详见上述图2所示,不做赘述。This application also provides a ROADM as shown in Figure 2. For specific description, please refer to Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated.
本申请还提供了一种光通信网络,以下结合图13所示对本申请所提供的光通信网络1300的结构进行说明:This application also provides an optical communication network. The structure of the optical communication network 1300 provided by this application will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 13:
该光通信网络1300包括多个ROADM,如图13所示的ROADM1301、ROADM1302、ROADM1303、ROADM1304以及ROADM1305,需明确的是,本实施例对光通信网络1300所包括的ROADM的 数量的说明为可选地示例,不做限定。The optical communication network 1300 includes multiple ROADMs, such as ROADM1301, ROADM1302, ROADM1303, ROADM1304, and ROADM1305 as shown in FIG. 13. It should be clear that the description of the number of ROADMs included in the optical communication network 1300 in this embodiment is optional The example is not limited.
该光通信网络1300还包括连接在两个ROADM之间的光纤,以ROADM1301和ROADM1305为例,该光通信网络1300还包括连接在ROADM1301和ROADM1305之间的光纤1306,本实施例对光通信网络1300所包括的多个ROADM之间的连接关系不做限定。对各ROADM的具体说明,请详见上述图2所示,具体不做赘述。The optical communication network 1300 also includes an optical fiber connected between two ROADMs. Taking ROADM1301 and ROADM1305 as an example, the optical communication network 1300 also includes an optical fiber 1306 connected between ROADM1301 and ROADM1305. The connection relationship between the included multiple ROADMs is not limited. For the specific description of each ROADM, please refer to the above-mentioned Figure 2 for details, which will not be repeated.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或模块,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than the content illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations of them are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those clearly listed. Those steps or modules may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or equipment.
以上所述,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions recorded in the embodiments are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced; these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (26)
- 一种光交换装置,其特征在于,包括N个合分波元件、波导阵列以及重定向组件;所述N为大于或等于2的整数,且所述N个合分波元件在同一平面内排列,所述波导阵列所包括的多个波导分别与所述N个合分波元件耦合,所述多个波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部呈N层波导结构,其中,同一所述合分波元件耦合位于所述N层波导结构中的同一层波导,不同的所述合分波元件耦合位于所述N层波导结构中的不同层波导;An optical switching device, characterized in that it comprises N multiplexer and demultiplexer elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; said N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N multiplexer and demultiplexer elements are arranged in the same plane A plurality of waveguides included in the waveguide array are respectively coupled with the N combining and demultiplexing elements, and the ends of the plurality of waveguides close to the redirection component have an N-layer waveguide structure, wherein the same combining and demultiplexing elements The wave elements are coupled to the same layer of waveguides in the N-layer waveguide structure, and the different combining and demultiplexing elements are coupled to different layers of waveguides in the N-layer waveguide structure;所述N个合分波元件中的第一合分波元件用于将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束,并将每个所述子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导,所述多个子波长光束通过多个所述第一波导传输至所述重定向组件;The first multiplexing and demultiplexing element of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements is used to demultiplex at least one light beam into a plurality of sub-wavelength light beams, and transmit each of the sub-wavelength light beams to one of the waveguide arrays. A first waveguide, the plurality of sub-wavelength light beams are transmitted to the redirection component through the plurality of first waveguides;所述重定向组件用于将重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导;The redirection component is used to transmit the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after redirection to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array;所述多个第二波导用于将所述重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至所述N个合分波元件所包括的第二合分波元件,所述第二合分波元件用于对所述重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束,并输出复用后的所述至少一个光束。The multiple second waveguides are used for transmitting the redirected multiple sub-wavelength beams to the second multiplexing and demultiplexing elements included in the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the second multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are used for Multiplexing the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams into at least one light beam, and outputting the multiplexed at least one light beam.
- 根据权利要求1所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述N个合分波元件与所述波导阵列耦合的端部包括M个端口,其中,M与所述波导阵列中的波导的数量相等。The optical switching device according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the N combining and demultiplexing elements coupled with the waveguide array include M ports, wherein M is related to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array. equal.
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述N层波导结构在层叠的N个第一平面内排列,不同层的所述波导结构在第二平面内排列,所述第一平面垂直于所述第二平面。The optical switching device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the N-layer waveguide structures are arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the The first plane is perpendicular to the second plane.
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述光交换装置还包括位于所述波导阵列和所述重定向组件之间的透镜组件,所述透镜组件用于改变所述重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向,使得从所述透镜组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至所述多个第二波导。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical switching device further comprises a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the lens assembly is used for Changing the transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after redirection, so that the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- 根据权利要求4所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,从所述透镜组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与所述透镜组件的光轴平行,所述多个第二波导靠近所述透镜组件的端部与所述透镜组件的光轴平行。The optical switching device according to claim 4, wherein the transmission direction of the plurality of sub-wavelength beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the plurality of first The ends of the two waveguides close to the lens assembly are parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部与所述多个第一波导中的任意一个第一波导之间存在夹角,使得从所述重定向组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至所述多个第二波导。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and the plurality of first waveguides. There is an angle between any one of the first waveguides in the waveguides, so that the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection emitted from the redirection component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- 根据权利要求6所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部与所述多个第一波导的任意一个第一波导之间存在第一夹角,从所述重定向组件出射的所述子波长光束与所述重定向组件的法线之间存在第二夹角,所述第一夹角与所述第二夹角相等。The optical switching device according to claim 6, wherein any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the first waveguides of the plurality of first waveguides A first included angle exists between a waveguide, a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is relative to the second included angle. The two included angles are equal.
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述光交换装置还包括位于所述波导阵列和所述重定向组件之间的透镜组件,所述N层波导结构靠近所述透镜组件的端面位于所述透镜组件的前焦点平面。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical switching device further comprises a lens component located between the waveguide array and the redirecting component, and the N-layer waveguide structure The end face close to the lens assembly is located at the front focal plane of the lens assembly.
- 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述波导阵列所包括的任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
- 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述多个第一波导位于所述N层波导结构中的中间层,或,所述多个第一波导位于所述N层波导结构中靠近所述中间层的任一层。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure. Any layer of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the intermediate layer.
- 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述多个第一波导中的每个所述第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值,使得所述多个第一波导向所述重定向组件所传输的所述多个子波长光束为准直光束。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, such that The plurality of sub-wavelength light beams transmitted by the plurality of first waveguides to the redirection component are collimated light beams.
- 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的光交换装置,其特征在于,所述重定向组件包括用于对所述多个子波长光束进行重定向的多个重定向区域,所述重定向区域用于对所述多个子波长光束的传输方向进行偏转,经由所述重定向区域重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至对应的所述多个第二波导。The optical switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the redirection component comprises a plurality of redirection areas for redirecting the plurality of sub-wavelength light beams, and the redirection area It is used to deflect the transmission directions of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams redirected through the redirection area are transmitted to the corresponding multiple second waveguides.
- 一种光交换方法,其特征在于,应用于光交换装置,所述光交换装置包括N个合分波元件、波导阵列以及重定向组件;所述N为大于或等于2的整数,且所述N个合分波元件在同一平面内排列,所述波导阵列所包括的多个波导分别与所述N个合分波元件耦合,所述多个波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部呈N层波导结构,其中,同一所述合分波元件耦合位于所述N层波导结构中的同一层波导,不同的所述合分波元件耦合位于所述N层波导结构中的不同层波导;An optical switching method, characterized in that it is applied to an optical switching device, the optical switching device includes N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, a waveguide array, and a redirection component; the N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the The N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements are arranged in the same plane, the multiple waveguides included in the waveguide array are respectively coupled with the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and the ends of the multiple waveguides close to the redirecting component are N A layer waveguide structure, wherein the same multiplexer/demultiplex element is coupled to the same layer of waveguides located in the N-layer waveguide structure, and different multiplexer/demultiplex elements are coupled to different layer waveguides located in the N-layer waveguide structure;通过所述N个合分波元件中的第一合分波元件将至少一个光束解复用为多个子波长光束,并通过所述第一合分波元件将每个所述子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的一个第一波导;At least one light beam is demultiplexed into a plurality of sub-wavelength beams through the first multiplexing and demultiplexing element of the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements, and each of the sub-wavelength beams is transmitted to A first waveguide included in the waveguide array;通过多个所述第一波导将所述多个子波长光束传输至所述重定向组件;Transmitting the plurality of sub-wavelength light beams to the redirection component through a plurality of the first waveguides;通过所述重定向组件将重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导;Transmitting the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array through the redirecting component;通过所述多个第二波导将所述重定向后的多个子波长光束传输至所述N个合分波元件所包括的第二合分波元件;Transmitting the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element included in the N multiplexing and demultiplexing elements through the multiple second waveguides;通过所述第二合分波元件对所述重定向后的多个子波长光束复用为至少一个光束,并通过所述第二合分波元件输出复用后的所述至少一个光束。The multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection are multiplexed into at least one light beam by the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element, and the at least one light beam after multiplexing is output through the second multiplexing and demultiplexing element.
- 根据权利要求13所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述N个合分波元件与所述波导阵列耦合的端部包括M个端口,其中,M与所述波导阵列中的波导的数量相等。The optical switching method according to claim 13, wherein the ends of the N combining and demultiplexing elements coupled with the waveguide array include M ports, where M is related to the number of waveguides in the waveguide array. equal.
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述N层波导结构在层叠的N个第一平面内排列,不同层的所述波导结构在第二平面内排列,所述第一平面垂直于所述第二平面。The optical switching method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the N-layer waveguide structures are arranged in the stacked N first planes, the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane, and the waveguide structures of different layers are arranged in the second plane. The first plane is perpendicular to the second plane.
- 根据权利要求13至15任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述光交换装置还包括位于所述波导阵列和所述重定向组件之间的透镜组件,所述通过所述重定向组件将重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导包括:The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the optical switching device further comprises a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the re The directional component transmitting the redirected multiple sub-wavelength light beams to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array includes:通过所述透镜组件改变所述重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向,使得从所述透镜 组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至所述多个第二波导。The transmission direction of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection is changed by the lens assembly, so that the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- 根据权利要求16所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,从所述透镜组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束的传输方向与所述透镜组件的光轴平行,所述多个第二波导靠近所述透镜组件的端部与所述透镜组件的光轴平行。The optical switching method according to claim 16, wherein the transmission direction of the plurality of sub-wavelength light beams after the redirection emitted from the lens assembly is parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly, and the plurality of first The ends of the two waveguides close to the lens assembly are parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly.
- 根据权利要求13至15任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部与所述多个第一波导中的任意一个第一波导之间存在夹角,使得从所述重定向组件出射的所述重定向后的多个子波长光束入射至所述多个第二波导。The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein any one of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and the plurality of first waveguides. There is an angle between any one of the first waveguides in the waveguides, so that the multiple sub-wavelength beams after the redirection emitted from the redirection component are incident on the multiple second waveguides.
- 根据权利要求18所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述多个第二波导中的任意一个第二波导靠近所述重定向组件的端部与所述多个第一波导的任意一个第一波导之间存在第一夹角,从所述重定向组件出射的所述子波长光束与所述重定向组件的法线之间存在第二夹角,所述第一夹角与所述第二夹角相等。The optical switching method according to claim 18, wherein any one of the second waveguides of the plurality of second waveguides is close to the end of the redirection component and any one of the plurality of first waveguides A first included angle exists between a waveguide, a second included angle exists between the sub-wavelength beam emitted from the redirecting component and the normal of the redirecting component, and the first included angle is relative to the second included angle. The two included angles are equal.
- 根据权利要求13至15任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述光交换装置还包括位于所述波导阵列和所述重定向组件之间的透镜组件,所述N层波导结构靠近所述透镜组件的端面位于所述透镜组件的前焦点平面。The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the optical switching device further comprises a lens assembly located between the waveguide array and the redirection assembly, and the N-layer waveguide structure The end face close to the lens assembly is located at the front focal plane of the lens assembly.
- 根据权利要求13至20任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述波导阵列所包括的任意相邻的两个波导之间的距离大于或等于第一预设值。The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 20, wherein the distance between any two adjacent waveguides included in the waveguide array is greater than or equal to a first preset value.
- 根据权利要求13至21任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述多个第一波导位于所述N层波导结构中的中间层,或,所述多个第一波导位于所述N层波导结构中靠近所述中间层的任一层。The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 21, wherein the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure, or the plurality of first waveguides are located in the middle layer of the N-layer waveguide structure. Any layer of the N-layer waveguide structure close to the intermediate layer.
- 根据权利要求13至22任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述多个第一波导中的每个所述第一波导的横截面积大于或等于第二预设值,使得所述多个第一波导向所述重定向组件所传输的所述多个子波长光束为准直光束。The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 22, wherein the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first waveguides is greater than or equal to a second preset value, such that The plurality of sub-wavelength light beams transmitted by the plurality of first waveguides to the redirection component are collimated light beams.
- 根据权利要求13至23任一项所述的光交换方法,其特征在于,所述重定向组件包括用于对所述多个子波长光束进行重定向的多个重定向区域,所述通过所述重定向组件将重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至所述波导阵列所包括的多个第二波导包括:The optical switching method according to any one of claims 13 to 23, wherein the redirection component comprises a plurality of redirection areas for redirecting the plurality of sub-wavelength light beams, and the The redirection component that transmits the multiple sub-wavelength light beams after redirection to the multiple second waveguides included in the waveguide array includes:通过所述重定向区域对所述多个子波长光束的传输方向进行偏转,经由所述重定向区域重定向后的所述多个子波长光束传输至对应的所述多个第二波导。The transmission directions of the multiple sub-wavelength light beams are deflected through the redirection area, and the multiple sub-wavelength light beams redirected through the redirection area are transmitted to the corresponding multiple second waveguides.
- 一种可重构光分插复用器,其特征在于,包括多个光交换装置,不同的所述光交换装置之间通过光纤连接,所述光交换装置如权利要求1至12任一项所示。A reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of optical switching devices, and the different optical switching devices are connected by optical fibers, and the optical switching devices are as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 Shown.
- 一种光通信网络,其特征在于,包括多个可重构光分插复用器,不同的所述可重构光分插复用器之间通过光纤连接,所述可重构光分插复用器如权利要求25所示。An optical communication network, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers, and different reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers are connected by optical fibers, and the reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers are connected by optical fibers. The multiplexer is as shown in claim 25.
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