WO2021227229A1 - 一种电感 - Google Patents

一种电感 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227229A1
WO2021227229A1 PCT/CN2020/101134 CN2020101134W WO2021227229A1 WO 2021227229 A1 WO2021227229 A1 WO 2021227229A1 CN 2020101134 W CN2020101134 W CN 2020101134W WO 2021227229 A1 WO2021227229 A1 WO 2021227229A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic core
magnetic
core
inductor
winding
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PCT/CN2020/101134
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘钧
冯颖盈
姚顺
徐金柱
***
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深圳威迈斯新能源股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021227229A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227229A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/26—Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H01F27/266—Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic elements, in particular to an inductor.
  • the inductance used in the resonant network of the electric energy transmission system of the on-board charger is a resonant inductor, and the core material of the resonant inductor is mostly ferrite.
  • an air gap is usually left on the magnetic core. Therefore, the magnetic loss of the resonant inductor is concentrated in the air gap, which causes the local temperature of the resonant inductor to be too high, which is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the entire resonant inductor, and the magnetic lines of force generated by the air gap will cut the water channel and generate heat.
  • the resonant inductor is usually filled with heat dissipation glue in the cavity for heat conduction, which will not only increase the volume of the resonant inductor and reduce the power density, which is not conducive to integration and miniaturization, and its thermal conductivity is not good, which is further detrimental to the heat dissipation of the entire resonant inductor. .
  • the present invention provides an inductor with good heat dissipation effect.
  • An inductor includes a magnetic core and a winding.
  • the magnetic core includes a middle magnetic core and side magnetic cores connected to both sides of the middle magnetic core.
  • the winding is wound on the middle magnetic core.
  • the core is a ferrite core, and the side magnetic core is an iron powder core.
  • the middle magnetic core is in the shape of an I-shape, and includes a middle column for winding the windings, and upper and lower columns connected to both ends of the middle column; the side magnetic cores are in a straight shape, The side magnetic cores are respectively connected to two ends of the upper side pillar and the lower side pillar.
  • the middle magnetic core is I-shaped, and the side magnetic cores are C-shaped.
  • the lengths of the middle magnetic core and the side magnetic cores are the same, and the heights of the middle magnetic core, the side magnetic cores, and the windings are the same.
  • it further includes a substrate, which is attached and mounted on the bottom of the magnetic core.
  • the length of the substrate is greater than the length of the bottom of the magnetic core, and the width of the substrate is greater than the width of the bottom of the magnetic core.
  • the substrate is a ceramic substrate.
  • the ceramic substrate is pasted on the bottom of the magnetic core through a thermally conductive glue.
  • an epoxy board is further included, which is attached and installed on the top of the magnetic core.
  • the inductor is a resonant inductor.
  • the present invention has at least the following advantages:
  • the core as the middle core and the side core, the middle core as the ferrite core, and the side core as the iron powder core, to ensure that the middle core has good magnetic permeability
  • the side magnetic core is not provided with an air gap opened to prevent magnetic saturation, thereby solving the problem of excessive local temperature caused by the concentration of magnetic loss in the air gap and the cutting of the metal water channel by the magnetic line of force.
  • the magnetic core and windings dissipate heat through the ceramic substrate, which further improves the heat dissipation effect of the magnetic core and windings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an inductor in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a semi-assembled schematic diagram of the ceramic substrate of the inductor in Fig. 1 bonded to the magnetic core;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the complete assembly structure of the inductor in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an inductor in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a semi-assembled schematic diagram of the ceramic substrate of the inductor in FIG. 4 and the magnetic core;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the simulated magnetic field line distribution of the inductor magnetic force in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the equipotential magnetic field lines of a ferrite core with an air gap in the prior art
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the equipotential magnetic field lines with two air gaps in the ferrite core in the prior art
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the equipotential magnetic lines of force with three air gaps in the ferrite core in the prior art
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of equipotential magnetic field lines in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Reference Signs 10, winding; 20, side magnetic core; 201, left side magnetic core; 202, right side magnetic core; 30, middle magnetic core; 301, upper side column; 302, center column 303, lower side column; 40, substrate; 50, epoxy board.
  • the present invention provides an inductor, which may be a resonant inductor, and is applied to a resonant network of a power transmission system of a vehicle-mounted charger.
  • the inductor includes a magnetic core, a winding 10, a substrate 40 and an epoxy board 50.
  • the magnetic core includes a middle magnetic core 30 and a side magnetic core 20, the middle magnetic core 30 is a ferrite core, and the side magnetic core 20 is an iron powder core.
  • the side magnetic cores 20 are located on both sides of the middle magnetic core 30, and the winding 10 is wound on the middle magnetic core 30.
  • the magnetic cores in the traditional technology are mostly ferrite cores. In order to prevent magnetic saturation, an air gap is left on the magnetic core.
  • the magnetic loss of the inductor will be concentrated around the air gap, which will cause eddy currents in the windings around the air gap, which in turn causes the temperature rise of the magnetic core around the air gap to increase, and the local temperature is too high, which is not conducive to the entire inductor. Heat dissipation.
  • the magnetic field lines generated by the air gap will cut the metal water channel used for heat dissipation, and will also cause the winding to generate heat.
  • the middle magnetic core 30 is set as a ferrite core
  • the side magnetic core 20 is set as two different parts of an iron powder core.
  • the middle ferrite core ensures good magnetic permeability, and the side iron core
  • the powder core avoids the problem of excessive local temperature caused by the concentration of the magnetic circuit due to the opening of the air gap on the magnetic core, which is beneficial to the faster heat dissipation of the inductor. Detailed descriptions are given below.
  • the middle magnetic core 30 has an I-shaped shape, and includes a center pillar 302, an upper side pillar 301, and a lower side pillar 303.
  • the upper side pillar 301 and the lower side pillar 303 have the same shape and size.
  • One end of the center pillar 302 is connected to the middle of the upper side pillar 301, the other end of the center pillar 302 is connected to the middle of the lower side pillar 303, and the upper side pillar 301 and the lower side pillar 303 are located at both ends of the center pillar 302 symmetrically.
  • the height of the center pillar 302 is smaller than the height of the upper side pillar 301 and the lower side pillar 303.
  • the winding 10 is wound on the center pillar 302, and the height of the winding 10 is flush with the height of the upper side pillar 301 and the lower side pillar 303.
  • the side magnetic core 20 is in a straight shape, that is, a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the two side magnetic cores 20 are completely symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the middle magnetic core 30.
  • the side magnetic cores 20 are symmetrically connected to the middle magnetic core 30, which is beneficial to uniform heat dissipation of the inductor.
  • the side magnetic core 201 on the left side is connected to the left side of the upper side column 301 and the left side of the lower side column 303 by adhesive
  • the side magnetic core 202 on the right side is connected to the upper side column 301 and the lower side column 303 by adhesive. To the right.
  • the length of the side magnetic core 20 is equal to the length of the middle magnetic core 30, and the height of the side magnetic core 20 is equal to the height of the upper leg 301, the lower leg 303, and the winding 10, so that the side magnetic core 20 is the same as the upper leg 301, The joints of the lower side pillars 303 are completely connected to form a complete magnetic circuit to avoid magnetic leakage.
  • the side magnetic core 20 adopts an iron powder core, which has the characteristic of evenly distributing air gaps. Therefore, it is different from the traditional technology where a concentrated air gap for preventing magnetic saturation needs to be specially opened on the ferrite core.
  • the air gaps evenly distributed on the iron powder core are very fine and spread over the entire iron powder core, so that the magnetic lines of force generated by the winding 10 can be evenly distributed on the side magnetic cores 20, so that the heat generated by the winding 10 It is evenly distributed on the side magnetic cores 20, thereby avoiding excessive local temperature on the inductor, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.
  • the middle magnetic core 30 is I-shaped, and the side magnetic cores 20 are C-shaped or [-shaped.
  • the substrate 40 is a thermally conductive plate with good thermal conductivity.
  • the substrate 40 is pasted on the bottom of the magnetic core through a thermally conductive glue.
  • the thermally conductive glue serves to stick and fix the substrate 40.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive glue is lower than that of the ceramic substrate. 40. Therefore, the thickness of the thermal conductive adhesive should not exceed 2mm.
  • the substrate 40 is attached to the bottom surface of the upper side pillar 301, the lower side pillar 303, the side magnetic core 20 and the winding 10.
  • the length of the substrate 40 is greater than the length of the bottom of the magnetic core, and the width of the substrate 40 is greater than the width of the bottom of the magnetic core. Setting the area of the substrate 40 slightly larger than the area of the magnetic core is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the magnetic core.
  • the substrate 40 is a ceramic substrate 40.
  • the ceramic substrate 40 has good thermal conductivity and is easy to dissipate heat.
  • the electromagnetic wire can be isolated, so that when the inductor is applied to the use environment of the metal water channel with heat dissipation or when the inductor is applied to the use environment of the motor, the ceramic substrate 40 can isolate the electromagnetic wire generated by the inductance and cut the heat dissipation metal water channel or electricity. The case, to avoid generating more heat.
  • the ceramic substrate 40 is an alumina (AL2O3) ceramic substrate 40.
  • the epoxy board 50 is attached to the top of the magnetic core. Specifically, the epoxy board 50 is located on the side magnetic core 20, the upper side pillar 301, the lower side pillar 303 and the winding 10.
  • the epoxy board 50 is used to install and weld the inductor in the external environment, and is used to isolate electromagnetic, voltage, and current, and play the role of insulation safety.
  • Two wire holes are provided on the epoxy board 50 for drawing out the winding wires at both ends of the winding.
  • the side magnetic core 20 is provided with two air gaps on one side and 4 air gaps on both sides. Assuming that the magnetic loss of the inductor is A, the magnetic loss of each air gap is close to A/4. Assume that the area of one side of the side core 20 is S, the area of the two sides is 2S, the area at the air gap is s, and S/s>10. The heat loss per unit area at the air gap is A/4s.
  • the side magnetic core 20 adopts an iron powder core. Under the same condition that the magnetic loss is A, and the heat is dissipated through the entire side magnetic core 20, the heat loss per unit area is A/2S. That is, local heat loss can be reduced by at least 5 times.
  • Fig. 7-9 is a schematic diagram of the equipotential simulation effect of the magnetic field lines with 1-3 air gaps on one side of the ferrite core 20 in the traditional technology, and the total air gap width remains unchanged. That is, the width of one air gap on one side is 1.5mm. There are 2 air gaps on one side, and the width of each air gap is 0.75mm. There are 3 air gaps on one side, and the width of each air gap is 0.5mm.
  • the simulation result is its magnetic field line diagram, the darker the color indicates the stronger the magnetic field line. From the simulation results, the diffused magnetic flux around the air gap is obviously high, resulting in high local temperature around the air gap.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of equipotential magnetic field lines using iron powder cores in an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the simulation result that the magnetic lines of force are evenly distributed on the entire side magnetic core 20. That is, under the same magnetic loss conditions, the local magnetic field lines of the iron powder core are much smaller than that of the open air gap ferrite core. Reflected in the temperature rise, the local temperature rise of the iron powder core is significantly lower than that of the ferrite core.
  • the bottom of the inductor is provided with a ceramic substrate 40.
  • the ceramic substrate 40 is very flat and can fit well on the heat dissipation metal water channel.
  • the ceramic substrate 40 is directly attached to the heat-dissipating metal water channel so that the thermal resistance is very small, and the heat of the inductor can be effectively dissipated.
  • the ceramic substrate 40 is aluminum oxide (AL2O3) ceramic, and its thermal conductivity is generally 25-30 W/m.K.
  • Traditional technology uses thermally conductive adhesives for heat transfer. Generally, the thermal conductivity of thermally conductive adhesives with better thermal conductivity is 1 to 2W/m.K. Therefore, in comparison, the ceramic substrate 40 can better dissipate the heat of the inductor.
  • R The thermal resistance of the heat conductor, the unit is: °C/W;
  • d The thickness of the heat conductor, in mm
  • the thermal resistance of the ceramic substrate 40 and the thermal conductive adhesive can be calculated as follows:
  • R 2 The thermal resistance of the thermally conductive adhesive.
  • the core loss of the resonant inductor is 40W, and the heat dissipation temperature difference between the ceramic substrate 40 and the thermal conductive adhesive is calculated according to the following formula:
  • T 1 The heat dissipation temperature difference of the ceramic substrate 40
  • T 2 The heat dissipation temperature difference of the thermal conductive adhesive.
  • the present invention has at least the following advantages:
  • the middle magnetic core 30 As the middle magnetic core 30 and the side magnetic cores 20, the middle magnetic core 30 as the ferrite core, and the side magnetic cores 20 as the iron powder core, it is ensured that the middle magnetic core 30 has In the case of good magnetic permeability, the side magnetic core 20 is not provided with an air gap to prevent magnetic saturation, thereby solving the problem of excessive local temperature caused by the magnetic loss concentrated in the air gap and the magnetic line of force cutting the metal water channel. problem.
  • the magnetic core and the winding 10 dissipate heat through the ceramic substrate 40, which further improves the heat dissipation effect of the magnetic core and the winding 10.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电感，包括磁芯、绕组，所述磁芯包括中间磁芯及连接于所述中间磁芯两侧的侧边磁芯，所述绕组缠绕于所述中间磁芯上，所述中间磁芯为铁氧体芯，所述侧边磁芯为铁粉芯。本发明在保证磁芯有良好的导磁性能的情况下，解决了传统技术中因磁损集中于磁芯的气隙和磁力线切割散热金属水道而导致的局部温度过高的问题。

Description

一种电感 技术领域
本发明涉及磁性元件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电感。
背景技术
车载充电机的电能传输***的谐振网络中用到的电感为谐振电感，谐振电感的磁芯材质大多为铁氧体。为了防止磁饱和，通常会在磁芯上留有气隙。因此导致谐振电感的磁损集中于气隙部位，从而导致谐振电感的局部温度过高，不利于整个谐振电感的散热，并且气隙产生的磁力线也会切割水道，产生热量。另外，谐振电感通常在腔体灌注散热胶进行导热，不但会增大谐振电感的体积，导致功率密度降低，不利于集成小型化，而且其导热效果不佳，进一步的不利于整个谐振电感的散热。
因此，设计一种能够解决上述相关技术中散热问题的电感，是业界亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中电感不易散热的问题，本发明提出一种散热效果良好的电感。
一种电感，包括磁芯、绕组，所述磁芯包括中间磁芯及连接于所述中间磁芯两侧的侧边磁芯，所述绕组缠绕于所述中间磁芯上，所述中间磁芯为铁氧体芯，所述侧边磁芯为铁粉芯。
在一实施例中，所述中间磁芯呈工字形，包括用于缠绕所述绕组的中柱及连接于所述中柱两端的上边柱及下边柱；所述侧边磁芯呈一字形，所述侧边磁芯分别连接于所述上边柱及所述下边柱的两端。
在一实施例中，所述中间磁芯呈I字形，所述侧边磁芯呈C字形。
在一实施例中，所述中间磁芯及所述侧边磁芯的长度相同，所述中间磁芯、所述侧边磁芯及所述绕组的高度相同。
在一实施例中，还包括基板，其贴合安装于所述磁芯的底部。
在一实施例中，所述基板的长度大于所述磁芯底部的长度，所述基板的宽度大于所述磁芯底部的宽度。
在一实施例中，所述基板为陶瓷基板。
在一实施例中，所述陶瓷基板通过导热胶粘贴于所述磁芯的底部。
在一实施例中，还包括环氧板，其贴合安装于所述磁芯的顶部。
在一实施例中，所述电感为谐振电感。
本发明相比于现有技术，至少具有如下优点：
首先，通过将磁芯设为中间磁芯及侧边磁芯，并将中间磁芯设为铁氧体芯，侧边磁芯设为铁粉芯，在保证中间磁芯有良好的导磁性能的情况下，侧边磁芯不设有因防止磁饱和而开设的气隙，从而解决了因磁损集中于气隙和磁力线切割金属水道而导致的局部温度过高的问题。
其次，通过在磁芯及绕组的底部设有陶瓷基板，磁芯及绕组通过陶瓷基板散热，进一步地提升了磁芯及绕组的散热效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例中电感的***结构示意图；
图2为图1中电感的陶瓷基板贴合磁芯的半组装示意图；
图3为图1中电感的组装完整结构示意图；
图4为本发明另一实施例中的电感的***结构示意图；
图5为图4中电感的陶瓷基片贴合磁芯的半组装示意图；
图6为本发明一实施例中电感磁力的仿真磁力线分布示意图；
图7为现有技术中铁氧体磁芯开设一个气隙的磁力线等势示意图；
图8为现有技术中铁氧体磁芯开设两个气隙的磁力线等势示意图；
图9为现有技术中铁氧体磁芯开设三个气隙的磁力线等势示意图；
图10为本发明一实施例中的磁力线等势示意图。
附图标记说明：10、绕组；20、侧边磁芯；201、左侧的侧边磁芯；202、右边的侧边磁芯；30、中间磁芯；301、上边柱；302、中柱；303、下边柱；40、基板；50、环氧板。
具体实施方式
为了进一步说明本发明的原理和结构，现结合附图对本发明的优选实施 方式进行详细说明。
需要说明的是，尽管本发明可以容易地表现为不同形式的实施方式，但在附图中示出并且在本说明书中将详细说明的仅仅是其中一些具体实施方式，同时可以理解的是本说明书应视为是本发明原理的示范性说明，而并非旨在将本发明限制到在此所说明的那样。
由此，本说明书中所指出的一个特征将用于说明本发明的一个实施方式的其中一个特征，而不是暗示本发明的每个实施方式必须具有所说明的特征。此外，应当注意的是本说明书描述了许多特征。尽管某些特征可以组合在一起以示出可能的***设计，但是这些特征也可用于其他的未明确说明的组合。由此，除非另有说明，所说明的组合并非旨在限制。
请参阅图1-3，本发明提供一种电感，该电感可以为谐振电感，应用于车载充电机的电能传输***的谐振网络中。该电感包括磁芯、绕组10、基板40及环氧板50。磁芯包括中间磁芯30及侧边磁芯20，中间磁芯30为铁氧芯体，侧边磁芯20为铁粉芯。侧边磁芯20位于中间磁芯30的两侧，绕组10缠绕于中间磁芯30上。传统技术中的磁芯多为铁氧体芯，为了防止磁饱和，会在磁芯上留有气隙。因此在通电过程中，电感的磁损会集中于气隙周边，从而导致气隙周边的绕组产生涡流，进而导致气隙周边的磁芯温升变大，局部温度过高，不利于整个电感的散热。并且气隙产生的磁力线会切割用于散热的金属水道，亦会导致绕组产生热量。本发明将中间磁芯30设为铁氧体芯、将侧边磁芯20设为铁粉芯两个不同部分，通过中间的铁氧体芯保证有良好的导磁性能，通过侧边的铁粉芯避免了在磁芯上开设气隙而导致磁路集中产生的局部温度过高的问题，从而有益于电感更快速的散热。下面分别进行详细说明。
请参阅图1，中间磁芯30呈工字形，包括中柱302及上边柱301、下边柱303。上边柱301与下边柱303形状大小一致。中柱302的一端连接于上边柱301的中间，中柱302的另一端连接于下边柱303的中间，上边柱301及下边柱303对称的位于中柱302的两端。中柱302的高度小于上边柱301、下边柱303的高度。
请参阅图2，绕组10缠绕于中柱302上，绕组10的高度齐平于上边柱301、下边柱303的高度。
请参阅图1-2，侧边磁芯20呈一字形，即长方体形。侧边磁芯20有两个，两个侧边磁芯20的形状大小一致。两个侧边磁芯20完全对称的连接中间磁芯30的左右侧。侧边磁芯20对称的连接于中间磁芯30，有益于电感的均匀散热。具体地，左侧的侧边磁芯201通过粘接剂连接于上边柱301的及下边柱303的左侧，右侧的侧边磁芯202通过粘接剂连接于上边柱301及下边柱303的右侧。侧边磁芯20的长度与中间磁芯30的长度相等，侧边磁芯20的高度与上边柱301、下边柱303及绕组10的高度相等，以使得侧边磁芯20与上边柱301、下边柱303的连接处完全切合，形成完整磁路，避免漏磁。侧边磁芯20采用铁粉芯，铁粉芯具有均匀分布气隙的特性，因此不同于传统技术中需要在铁氧芯上特意的开设用于防止磁饱和的集中的气隙。
请参阅图6，铁粉芯上均匀分布的气隙非常细微且遍布于整个铁粉芯，因此可以使得绕组10产生的磁力线均匀的分布于侧边磁芯20上，从而使得绕组10产生的热量均匀分布于侧边磁芯20上，从而避免了电感上局部温度过高，有益于散热。
请参阅图4-5，在另一实施例中，中间磁芯30呈I字形，侧边磁芯20呈C字形或[形。
请参阅图1-4，基板40为导热性能良好的导热板，基板40通过导热胶粘贴于磁芯的底部，导热胶起粘贴固定基板40的作用，由于导热胶的导热性能低于陶瓷基板40，因此导热胶的厚度不宜超过2mm。具体地，基板40贴合于上边柱301、下边柱303、侧边磁芯20及绕组10的底面。基板40的长度大于磁芯底部的长度，基板40的宽度大于磁芯底部的宽度。将基板40的面积设置的略大于磁芯的面积，有益于磁芯的散热。
在优选的实施例中，基板40采用陶瓷基板40。陶瓷基板40不仅导热性能好，易于散热。而且能够隔离电磁线，从而在将电感应用于设有散热金属水道的使用环境中或在将电感应用于电机的使用环境中时，陶瓷基板40能够隔离电感产生的电磁线切割散热金属水道或电机壳，避免产生更多的热量。在更优的实施例中，陶瓷基板40为氧化铝(AL2O3)陶瓷基板40。
请参阅图1、3-4，环氧板50贴合安装于磁芯的顶部。具体地，环氧板50位于侧边磁芯20、上边柱301、下边柱303及绕组10的上面。环氧板50用于将电感安装焊接于外界环境中，并用于隔离电磁、电压、电流，起绝缘 安规的作用。环氧板50上设有两个线孔，用于引出绕组两端的绕线。
下面对侧边磁芯采用铁粉芯的有益效果进行举例说明。
传统技术中的电感全部采用铁氧体作为磁芯，需要在铁氧体上留气隙，假设侧边磁芯20上单面设有2个气隙，双面设有4个气隙。假设电感磁损为A，则每个气隙的磁损接近A/4。假设侧边磁芯20单面的面积为S，双面为2S，气隙处的面积为s，S/s＞10。则气隙处的单位面积热损为A/4s。本发明实施例中的侧边磁芯20采用铁粉芯，在相同磁损为A的条件下，热量通过整个侧边磁芯20散热，则单位面积热损为A/2S。即，局部热损可以减小最少5倍。
请参阅图7-9，图7-9为传统技术中铁氧体磁芯20单面分别开设有1-3个气隙，总的气隙宽度保持不变的磁力线等势仿真效果示意图。即单面开设有1个气隙的宽度为1.5mm。单面开设有2个气隙，每个气隙的宽度为0.75mm。单面开设有3个气隙，每个气隙的宽度为0.5mm。仿真结果为其磁力线图，颜色越深表示磁力线越强。从仿真的结果来看，气隙周边的扩散磁通明显很高，导致气隙周边局部温度很高。
请参阅图10，图10为本发明实施例中采用铁粉芯的磁力线等势示意图。从仿真结果可以看出，磁力线均匀分布于整个侧边磁芯20上。即在相同的磁损条件下，铁粉芯的局部磁力线相比与开气隙的铁氧体芯小很多。反映在温升上，铁粉芯的局部温升明显低于铁氧体芯。
下面对在磁芯底部贴合陶瓷基板40的有益效果进行举例说明。
请参阅图2-3、5，电感底部设有陶瓷基板40，陶瓷基板40十分平整，可以很好的贴合在散热金属水道上。陶瓷基板40直接贴合散热金属水道使其热阻十分的小，可以有效的散去电感的热量。陶瓷基板40为氧化铝(AL2O3)陶瓷，其导热系数一般在25～30W/m.K。传统技术采用导热胶进行传热，一般导热性能比较好的导热胶的导热系数为1～2W/m.K。因此相比而言，采用陶瓷基板40能更好的对电感进行散热。
导热系数和热阻的关系见下式：
Figure PCTCN2020101134-appb-000001
上式中：R—导热体的热阻，单位为：℃/W；
d—导热体的厚度，单位为：mm；
S—导热体的导热面积，单位为：㎡；
K—导热体的导热系数，单位为：W/m.K。
在一对比实施例中，陶瓷基板40的长*宽为：50mm*30mm，面积S＝0.0015㎡，导热胶的面积与陶瓷基板40的面积相同。陶瓷基板40的厚度d＝1mm，散热胶的厚度为d＝2mm，陶瓷基板40的导热系数K＝30W/m.K，导热胶的导热系数取2W/m.K。依据上式可以计算得到陶瓷基板40和导热胶的热阻如下：
Figure PCTCN2020101134-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020101134-appb-000003
R 1—陶瓷基板40的热阻；
R 2—导热胶的热阻。
谐振电感的磁芯损耗为40W，则依据下式计算得到陶瓷基板40和导热胶的散热温差：
T 1＝P×R＝40×0.022＝0.88℃
T 2＝P×R＝40×0.67＝26.8℃
T 1—陶瓷基板40的散热温差；
T 2—导热胶的散热温差。
由此可见，在该实施例中，采用陶瓷基板40散热相比于传统采用导热胶散热，其磁芯上的温升能降低26.8-0.88＝25.92℃。
本发明相比于现有技术，至少具有如下优点：
首先，通过将磁芯设为中间磁芯30及侧边磁芯20，并将中间磁芯30设为铁氧体芯，侧边磁芯20设为铁粉芯，在保证中间磁芯30有良好的导磁性能的情况下，侧边磁芯20不设有因防止磁饱和而开设的气隙，从而解决了因磁损集中于气隙和磁力线切割金属水道而导致的局部温度过高的问题。
其次，通过在磁芯及绕组10的底部设有陶瓷基板40，磁芯及绕组10通过陶瓷基板40散热，进一步地提升了磁芯及绕组10的散热效果。
以上仅为本发明的较佳可行实施方式，并非限制本发明的保护范围，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施方式不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电感，包括磁芯、绕组，所述磁芯包括中间磁芯及连接切合于所述中间磁芯两侧的侧边磁芯，所述绕组缠绕于所述中间磁芯上，其特征是，所述中间磁芯为铁氧体芯，所述侧边磁芯为铁粉芯。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电感，其特征是，所述中间磁芯呈工字形，包括用于缠绕所述绕组的中柱及连接于所述中柱两端的上边柱及下边柱；所述侧边磁芯呈一字形，所述侧边磁芯分别连接于所述上边柱及所述下边柱的两端。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电感，其特征是，所述中间磁芯呈I字形，所述侧边磁芯呈C字形。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的电感，其特征是，所述中间磁芯及所述侧边磁芯的长度相同，所述中间磁芯、所述侧边磁芯及所述绕组的高度相同。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电感，其特征是，还包括基板，其贴合安装于所述磁芯的底部。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电感，其特征是，所述基板的长度大于所述磁芯底部的长度，所述基板的宽度大于所述磁芯底部的宽度。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电感，其特征是，所述基板为陶瓷基板。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电感，其特征是，所述陶瓷基板通过导热胶粘贴于所述磁芯的底部。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的电感，其特征是，还包括环氧板，其贴合安装于所述磁芯的顶部。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电感，其特征是，所述电感为谐振电感。
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