WO2021223421A1 - Piston head cooling structure - Google Patents
Piston head cooling structure Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021223421A1 WO2021223421A1 PCT/CN2020/131923 CN2020131923W WO2021223421A1 WO 2021223421 A1 WO2021223421 A1 WO 2021223421A1 CN 2020131923 W CN2020131923 W CN 2020131923W WO 2021223421 A1 WO2021223421 A1 WO 2021223421A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- connecting rod
- oil
- piston pin
- small end
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a cooling structure for the head of a piston.
- the working environment of the piston is a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the temperature of the piston head is high.
- the engine load is high, there is a hidden trouble of hot cracks in the combustion chamber of the piston head, so the cooling of the piston head is important.
- the current common cooling method of the piston head is shown in Figure 9.
- the nozzle 1 is installed on the body, and the piston 2 is provided with an oil inlet channel at the position corresponding to the nozzle.
- the oil inlet channel is connected with the annular inner cooling oil cavity of the piston head ,
- the nozzle sprays engine oil into the cold oil cavity in the piston to cool the piston.
- the cooling scheme adopts the cooling nozzle spray method, the oil jet sprayed by the nozzle starts to diverge after a distance from the nozzle, so the amount of oil sprayed into the cold oil cavity in the piston is limited, and the cooling effect is not good.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling structure for the piston head, which has a high utilization rate of cooling oil, can greatly reduce the amount of oil required by the lubrication system, and improve fuel economy.
- the present invention provides a cooling structure for a piston head, which includes a connecting rod, a small connecting rod bushing, a piston pin and a piston.
- the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod body oil passage, and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod small end oil groove corresponding to the connecting rod body oil passage.
- the connecting rod small end bushing is installed on the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod.
- the piston pin is assembled on the small connecting rod bushing.
- the piston pin is provided with a piston pin cavity oil passage inside. The two ends of the piston pin and corresponding to the piston pin cavity oil passage are equipped with two sets of piston pin seats, two sets of pistons.
- a piston pin oil outlet hole is opened at the center of the pin seat and located inside the oil passage of the piston pin cavity, and a piston pin oil inlet hole is opened at the center of the piston pin.
- the piston is assembled on the piston pin, the piston is provided with a piston cold oil cavity, the piston is provided with a piston cooling oil outlet corresponding to the piston cold oil cavity, and the piston is installed opposite to the plug cooling oil outlet There are piston cooling upper oil passages.
- the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting point with the piston pin and the piston are provided with connecting rod small end bushing oil holes.
- the coupling mode of the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is an interference fit.
- three piston pin oil inlet holes are arranged around the outer wall of the piston pin at equal angles, and the circulation area of the three piston pin oil inlet holes is larger than the distance between the small end bushing of the connecting rod and the piston pin.
- both ends of the oil passage in the piston pin cavity are respectively equipped with screw plug seals, and the piston pin seat is provided with an oil groove and is in a communication structure with the oil passage in the piston pin cavity.
- two sets of piston cooling oil outlet holes and piston cooling upper oil passages are respectively opened and alternately arranged in sequence, and piston cooling oil outlet holes and piston cooling upper oil passages are respectively connected with the piston inner cooling oil cavity.
- the connecting rod body oil passage and the connecting rod small end oil groove, the piston pin oil inlet hole and the piston pin inner cavity oil passage are all connected structures.
- the cooling structure of the piston head of the present invention through the arrangement of the connecting rod, the connecting rod small end bushing, the piston pin and the piston, the utilization rate of the cooling oil is high, and the requirement of the lubrication system can be greatly reduced.
- the oil volume reduces the power of the oil pump, thereby improving fuel economy.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cooling structure of a piston head according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Figure 1;
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of B-B in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of C-C in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 2;
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 4.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional nozzle-type piston cooling structure
- Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a conventional rod small-end jet piston.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cooling structure of a piston head according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of AA in Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of BB in Fig. 1
- Fig. 4 is Fig. 1
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 1
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 2
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 3
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 4 .
- a cooling structure for a piston head includes a connecting rod 1, a connecting rod small end bushing 2, a piston pin 3 and a piston 4.
- the connecting rod small end bushing 2 is installed on the small end of the connecting rod 1.
- the piston pin 3 is assembled on the connecting rod small end bushing 2, and the piston 4 is assembled on the piston pin 3.
- the connecting rod 1 is provided with a connecting rod body oil passage 101, and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod 1 is provided with a connecting rod small end oil groove 102 corresponding to the connecting rod body oil passage 101.
- the connecting rod small end bushing 2 and the connection between the piston pin 3 and the piston 4 are provided with a connecting rod small end bushing oil hole 201.
- the piston pin 3 is provided with a piston pin cavity oil passage 301 inside.
- the two ends of the piston pin 3 and corresponding to the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 are equipped with two sets of piston pin seats 302.
- the center of the two groups of piston pin seats 302 and located in the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 are provided with piston pin outlets. ⁇ 303 ⁇ Oil hole 303.
- the piston pin 3 is provided with a piston pin oil inlet 304 at the center position, and the piston 4 is provided with a piston internal cold oil cavity 401.
- a piston cooling oil outlet 402 is opened inside the piston 4 and corresponding to the piston inner cooling oil cavity 401.
- a piston cooling upper oil passage 403 is provided inside the piston 4 and opposite to the plug cooling oil outlet 402.
- the coupling mode of the small end bushing 2 of the connecting rod and the small end of the connecting rod 1 is an interference fit.
- Three piston pin oil inlet holes 304 are arranged around the outer wall of the piston pin 3 at equal angles, and the circulation area of the piston pin oil inlet holes 304 is larger than the distance between the small connecting rod bushing 2 and the piston pin 3.
- the two ends of the oil passage 301 of the piston pin inner cavity are respectively equipped with screw plug seals, and the piston pin seat 302 is provided with an oil groove and is in a communication structure with the oil passage 301 of the piston pin inner cavity.
- Two sets of piston cooling oil outlet holes 402 and piston cooling upper oil passages 403 are respectively opened and arranged alternately in sequence.
- the piston cooling oil outlet 402 and the piston cooling upper oil passage 403 are connected to the piston inner cooling oil cavity 401 respectively, and the connecting rod body oil passage 101 and the connecting rod small end oil groove 102 are connected.
- the connecting structure between the piston pin oil inlet 304 and the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 is the function of the connecting structure, and the oil is delivered to the connecting rod body oil passage 101 on the connecting rod body through the oil hole at the crankshaft connecting rod neck.
- the oil passage transports the oil to the connecting rod small end oil groove 102.
- the small end of the connecting rod bushing 2 and the small end of the connecting rod 1 adopt an interference fit, so the oil cannot leak between the small end of the connecting rod bushing 2 and the small end of the connecting rod 1, but only through the small end of the connecting rod.
- the bushing oil hole 201 fills the gap between the small end bushing 2 and the piston pin 3 of the connecting rod. Because the gap is much smaller than the three evenly distributed piston pin oil inlet holes 304 on the piston pin 3: piston pin oil inlet hole 304, the flow area of the piston pin oil inlet hole, most of the oil passes through the piston pin oil inlet hole 304: piston
- the pin 3 enters the oil passage 301 of the piston pin cavity. The two ends of the oil passage 301 of the piston pin cavity are sealed with screw plugs.
- the oil passes through the piston pin oil outlet 303, the oil groove on the piston pin seat 302, and the piston cooling upper oil passage in turn. 403 enters the cold oil cavity 401 in the piston. After the oil oscillates and flows in the cold oil cavity 401 in the piston, it flows out of the piston from the piston cooling oil outlet 402 to complete the cooling process of the oil on the piston.
- the distribution of the piston cooling upper oil passage 403 and the piston cooling oil outlet 402 is shown in Fig. 4.
- the piston cooling upper oil passage 403 and the plug cooling oil outlet 402 have a reasonable distribution of oil outlets.
- the cooling structure of the piston head of the present invention through the configuration of the connecting rod, connecting rod small end bushing, piston pin and piston, has a high utilization rate of cooling oil, and can greatly reduce the amount of oil required by the lubrication system.
- the power of the oil pump improves fuel economy.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A piston head cooling structure, comprising: a connecting rod (1), a connecting rod small end bushing (2), a piston pin (3), and a piston (4). A connecting rod body oil channel (101) is provided on the connecting rod (1), and a connecting rod small end oil groove (102) is provided on a connecting rod small end of the connecting rod (1) and in correspondence with the connecting rod body oil channel (101). The connecting rod small end bushing (2) is mounted on the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod. The piston pin (3) is assembled on the connecting rod small end bushing (2), a piston pin inner cavity oil channel (301) is arranged at an inner part of the piston pin (3), two piston pin seats (302) are assembled at two ends of the piston pin (3) and in correspondence with the piston pin inner cavity oil channel (301), piston pin oil outlet holes (303) are provided at central portions of the two piston pin seats (302) and are located at inner parts of the piston pin inner cavity oil channel (301), and a piston pin oil inlet hole (304) is provided at a central location of the piston pin (3). The piston (4) is assembled on the piston pin (3), and a piston internal cooling oil cavity (401) is provided at an inner part of the piston (4). As such, a high utilization ratio of cooling structure cooling motor oil of the piston head is achieved, the quantity of motor oil necessary for a lubrication system can be greatly reduced, and fuel economy is improved.
Description
本发明是关于发动机技术领域，特别是关于一种活塞头部的冷却结构。The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a cooling structure for the head of a piston.
活塞的工作环境为高温高压环境，活塞头部的温度较高，当发动机负荷较高时，活塞头部的燃烧室侯口部位有热裂纹的故障隐患，所以活塞头部的冷却由为重要。The working environment of the piston is a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the temperature of the piston head is high. When the engine load is high, there is a hidden trouble of hot cracks in the combustion chamber of the piston head, so the cooling of the piston head is important.
目前常见的活塞头部的冷却方式如图9所示，在机体上安装喷嘴1，活塞2上对应喷嘴的部位开设有进油通道，该进油通道与活塞头部环形的内冷油腔相连，喷嘴将机油喷射到活塞内冷油腔对活塞进行冷却。采用冷却喷嘴喷射方式冷却方案，喷嘴喷出的油束在距离喷嘴一段距离后开始发散，所以喷射到活塞内冷油腔的油量有限，冷却效果不好。The current common cooling method of the piston head is shown in Figure 9. The nozzle 1 is installed on the body, and the piston 2 is provided with an oil inlet channel at the position corresponding to the nozzle. The oil inlet channel is connected with the annular inner cooling oil cavity of the piston head , The nozzle sprays engine oil into the cold oil cavity in the piston to cool the piston. The cooling scheme adopts the cooling nozzle spray method, the oil jet sprayed by the nozzle starts to diverge after a distance from the nozzle, so the amount of oil sprayed into the cold oil cavity in the piston is limited, and the cooling effect is not good.
目前存在的另一种活塞头部的冷却方式，如图10所示，机油从连杆颈上的油道进入到连杆杆身上的油道，杆身上的油道通过连杆小头向活塞底部喷射机油，该冷却方式机油距燃烧室的距离较远，换热效果不理想，部分机型同时采用上述两种方式冷却活塞，所需润滑***的机油流量大，附件消耗功较大，燃油经济性差。There is another way of cooling the piston head. As shown in Figure 10, the oil enters the oil passage on the connecting rod body from the oil passage on the connecting rod neck. Engine oil is sprayed at the bottom. This cooling method is far away from the combustion chamber, and the heat exchange effect is not ideal. Some models use the above two methods to cool the piston at the same time. The economy is poor.
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种活塞头部的冷却结构，其冷却机油利用率高， 能够大大减小润滑***所需机油量，提高了燃油经济性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling structure for the piston head, which has a high utilization rate of cooling oil, can greatly reduce the amount of oil required by the lubrication system, and improve fuel economy.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种活塞头部的冷却结构，包括：连杆、连杆小头衬套、活塞销以及活塞。连杆上开设有连杆体油道，连杆的连杆小头上并且与连杆体油道对应开有连杆小头油槽。连杆小头衬套安装于连杆的连杆小头上。活塞销装配于连杆小头衬套上，活塞销的内部设置有活塞销内腔油道，活塞销的两端并且与活塞销内腔油道对应装配有两组活塞销座，两组活塞销座的中心处并且位于活塞销内腔油道的内部开设有活塞销出油孔，且活塞销的中心位置开设有活塞销进油孔。活塞装配于活塞销上，活塞的内部设置有活塞内冷油腔，活塞的内部并且与活塞内冷油腔对应开设有活塞冷却出油孔，活塞的内部并且与塞冷却出油孔相对立设置有活塞冷却上油道。其中，连杆小头衬套上并且与活塞销及活塞的连接处开设有连杆小头衬套油孔。In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a cooling structure for a piston head, which includes a connecting rod, a small connecting rod bushing, a piston pin and a piston. The connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod body oil passage, and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod small end oil groove corresponding to the connecting rod body oil passage. The connecting rod small end bushing is installed on the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod. The piston pin is assembled on the small connecting rod bushing. The piston pin is provided with a piston pin cavity oil passage inside. The two ends of the piston pin and corresponding to the piston pin cavity oil passage are equipped with two sets of piston pin seats, two sets of pistons. A piston pin oil outlet hole is opened at the center of the pin seat and located inside the oil passage of the piston pin cavity, and a piston pin oil inlet hole is opened at the center of the piston pin. The piston is assembled on the piston pin, the piston is provided with a piston cold oil cavity, the piston is provided with a piston cooling oil outlet corresponding to the piston cold oil cavity, and the piston is installed opposite to the plug cooling oil outlet There are piston cooling upper oil passages. Wherein, the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting point with the piston pin and the piston are provided with connecting rod small end bushing oil holes.
在本发明的一实施方式中，连杆小头衬套与连杆的连杆小头的配合方式为过盈配套。In an embodiment of the present invention, the coupling mode of the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is an interference fit.
在本发明的一实施方式中，活塞销进油孔等角度环绕活塞销的外壁设置三个，三个活塞销进油孔的流通面积大于连杆小头衬套与活塞销之间的间距。In an embodiment of the present invention, three piston pin oil inlet holes are arranged around the outer wall of the piston pin at equal angles, and the circulation area of the three piston pin oil inlet holes is larger than the distance between the small end bushing of the connecting rod and the piston pin.
在本发明的一实施方式中，活塞销内腔油道内部的两端分别装配有螺塞密封，活塞销座上开设有油槽并且与活塞销内腔油道为连通结构。In an embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the oil passage in the piston pin cavity are respectively equipped with screw plug seals, and the piston pin seat is provided with an oil groove and is in a communication structure with the oil passage in the piston pin cavity.
在本发明的一实施方式中，活塞冷却出油孔与活塞冷却上油道分别开设两组并且依次交替设置，活塞冷却出油孔与活塞冷却上油道分别与活塞内冷油腔为连通结构。In an embodiment of the present invention, two sets of piston cooling oil outlet holes and piston cooling upper oil passages are respectively opened and alternately arranged in sequence, and piston cooling oil outlet holes and piston cooling upper oil passages are respectively connected with the piston inner cooling oil cavity. .
在本发明的一实施方式中，连杆体油道与连杆小头油槽，活塞销进油孔与活塞销内腔油道均为连通结构。In an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rod body oil passage and the connecting rod small end oil groove, the piston pin oil inlet hole and the piston pin inner cavity oil passage are all connected structures.
与现有技术相比，根据本发明的活塞头部的冷却结构，通过连杆、连杆小头衬套、活塞销和活塞的配置，冷却机油利用率高，能够大大减小润滑***所需机油量，减小了机油泵的功率，从而提高了燃油经济性。Compared with the prior art, according to the cooling structure of the piston head of the present invention, through the arrangement of the connecting rod, the connecting rod small end bushing, the piston pin and the piston, the utilization rate of the cooling oil is high, and the requirement of the lubrication system can be greatly reduced. The oil volume reduces the power of the oil pump, thereby improving fuel economy.
图1是根据本发明一实施方式的活塞头部的冷却结构的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cooling structure of a piston head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是图1中A-A剖视结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic view of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Figure 1;
图3是图1中B-B剖视结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of B-B in Fig. 1;
图4是图1中C-C剖视结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of C-C in Fig. 1;
图5是图1中机油流向结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 1;
图6是图2中机油流向结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 2;
图7是图3中机油流向结构示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 3;
图8是图4中机油流向结构示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow direction structure in Fig. 4;
图9是现有喷嘴式活塞冷却的结构示意图；Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional nozzle-type piston cooling structure;
图10是现有杆小头喷射式活塞的结构示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a conventional rod small-end jet piston.
主要附图标记说明：Description of main reference signs:
1-连杆，2-连杆小头衬套，3-活塞销，4-活塞，101-连杆体油道，102-连杆小头油槽，201-连杆小头衬套油孔，301-活塞销内腔油道，302-活塞销座，303-活塞销出油孔，304-活塞销进油孔，401-活塞内冷油腔，402-塞冷却出油孔，403-活塞冷却上油道。1- connecting rod, 2- connecting rod small end bushing, 3- piston pin, 4- piston, 101- connecting rod body oil passage, 102- connecting rod small end oil groove, 201- connecting rod small end bushing oil hole, 301-piston pin inner cavity oil passage, 302-piston pin seat, 303-piston pin oil outlet, 304-piston pin oil inlet, 401-piston cold oil cavity, 402-plug cooling oil outlet, 403-piston Cool the upper oil passage.
下面结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.
除非另有其它明确表示，否则在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括”或其变换如“包含”或“包括有”等等将被理解为包括所陈述的元件或组成部分，而并未排除其它元件或其它组成部分。Unless otherwise expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its transformations such as "including" or "including" will be understood to include the stated elements or components, and not Other elements or other components are not excluded.
图1是根据本发明一实施方式的活塞头部的冷却结构的整体结构示意图；图2是图1中A-A剖视结构示意图；图3是图1中B-B剖视结构示意图；图4是图1中C-C剖视结构示意图；图5是图1中机油流向结构示意图；图6是图2中机油流向结构示意图；图7是图3中机油流向结构示意图；图8是图4中机油流向结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cooling structure of a piston head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of AA in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of BB in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the oil flow structure in Fig. 4 .
如图1至图8所示，根据本发明优选实施方式的一种活塞头部的冷却结构，包括连杆1、连杆小头衬套2、活塞销3和活塞4。连杆小头衬套2安装在连杆1的小头上。活塞销3装配在连杆小头衬套2，活塞4装配在活塞销3上。连杆1上开设有连杆体油道101，连杆1的连杆小头上并且与连杆体油道101对应开有连杆小头油槽102。连杆小头衬套2上并且与活塞销3与活塞4的连接处开设有连杆小头衬套油孔201。活塞销3的内部设置有活塞销内腔油道301。活塞销3的两端并且与活塞销内腔油道301对应装配有两组活塞销座302，两组活塞销座302的中心处并且位于活塞销内腔油道301的内部开设有活塞销出油孔303。活塞销3的中心位置开设有活塞销进油孔304，活塞4的内部设置有活塞内冷油腔401。活塞4的内部并且与活塞内冷油腔401对应开设有活塞冷却出油孔402。活塞4的内部并且与塞冷却出油孔402相对立设置有活塞冷却上油道403。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, a cooling structure for a piston head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a connecting rod 1, a connecting rod small end bushing 2, a piston pin 3 and a piston 4. The connecting rod small end bushing 2 is installed on the small end of the connecting rod 1. The piston pin 3 is assembled on the connecting rod small end bushing 2, and the piston 4 is assembled on the piston pin 3. The connecting rod 1 is provided with a connecting rod body oil passage 101, and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod 1 is provided with a connecting rod small end oil groove 102 corresponding to the connecting rod body oil passage 101. The connecting rod small end bushing 2 and the connection between the piston pin 3 and the piston 4 are provided with a connecting rod small end bushing oil hole 201. The piston pin 3 is provided with a piston pin cavity oil passage 301 inside. The two ends of the piston pin 3 and corresponding to the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 are equipped with two sets of piston pin seats 302. The center of the two groups of piston pin seats 302 and located in the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 are provided with piston pin outlets.油孔303。 Oil hole 303. The piston pin 3 is provided with a piston pin oil inlet 304 at the center position, and the piston 4 is provided with a piston internal cold oil cavity 401. A piston cooling oil outlet 402 is opened inside the piston 4 and corresponding to the piston inner cooling oil cavity 401. A piston cooling upper oil passage 403 is provided inside the piston 4 and opposite to the plug cooling oil outlet 402.
在实际应用中，本发明的活塞头部的冷却结构在使用时，在连杆小头衬套2与连杆1的小头的配合方式为过盈配套。活塞销进油孔304等角度环绕活塞销3的外壁设置三个，三个并且活塞销进油孔304的流通面积大于连杆小头衬套2与活塞销3之间的间距。活塞销内腔油道301内部的两端分别装配有螺塞密封，活塞销座302上开设有油槽并且与活塞销内腔油道301为连通结构。活塞冷却出油孔402与活塞冷却上油道403分别开设两组并且依次交替设置。活塞冷却出油孔402与活塞冷却上油道403分别与活塞内冷油腔401为连通结构以及连杆体油道101与连杆小头油槽102。活塞销进油孔304与活塞销内腔油道301的连通结构均为连通结构的作用下，机油通过曲轴连杆颈处的油孔将机油输送至连杆杆身上的连杆体油道101，该油道将机油输送 至连杆小头油槽102。连杆小头衬套2和连杆1的小头之间采用过盈配套，所以机油不能通过连杆小头衬套2和连杆1的小头之间泄漏，只能通过连杆小头衬套油孔201充满连杆小头衬套2与活塞销3之间的隙内。因该间隙远远小于活塞销3上三个均布的活塞销进油孔304：活塞销进油孔304活塞销进油孔的流通面积，绝大部分机油通过活塞销进油孔304：活塞销3进入到活塞销内腔油道301，活塞销内腔油道301两端有螺塞密封，随后机油依次通过活塞销出油孔303、活塞销座302上的油槽、活塞冷却上油道403进入到活塞内冷油腔401。机油在活塞内冷油腔401震荡、流动之后，从活塞冷却出油孔402流出活塞，完成机油对活塞的冷却过程。活塞冷却上油道403及活塞冷却出油孔402的分布如图4所示，活塞冷却上油道403和塞冷却出油孔402出油口分布合理，冷却机油进入活塞内冷油腔401后不会直接从塞冷却出油孔402流出，冷却机油在活塞内冷油腔401内能充分流动，换热更充分。机油的流动轨迹简图如图5-图8箭头所示：从主视图到B-B剖视图，再到C-C剖视图，最后从A-A视图中的出油口流出。In practical applications, when the cooling structure of the piston head of the present invention is in use, the coupling mode of the small end bushing 2 of the connecting rod and the small end of the connecting rod 1 is an interference fit. Three piston pin oil inlet holes 304 are arranged around the outer wall of the piston pin 3 at equal angles, and the circulation area of the piston pin oil inlet holes 304 is larger than the distance between the small connecting rod bushing 2 and the piston pin 3. The two ends of the oil passage 301 of the piston pin inner cavity are respectively equipped with screw plug seals, and the piston pin seat 302 is provided with an oil groove and is in a communication structure with the oil passage 301 of the piston pin inner cavity. Two sets of piston cooling oil outlet holes 402 and piston cooling upper oil passages 403 are respectively opened and arranged alternately in sequence. The piston cooling oil outlet 402 and the piston cooling upper oil passage 403 are connected to the piston inner cooling oil cavity 401 respectively, and the connecting rod body oil passage 101 and the connecting rod small end oil groove 102 are connected. The connecting structure between the piston pin oil inlet 304 and the piston pin cavity oil passage 301 is the function of the connecting structure, and the oil is delivered to the connecting rod body oil passage 101 on the connecting rod body through the oil hole at the crankshaft connecting rod neck. , The oil passage transports the oil to the connecting rod small end oil groove 102. The small end of the connecting rod bushing 2 and the small end of the connecting rod 1 adopt an interference fit, so the oil cannot leak between the small end of the connecting rod bushing 2 and the small end of the connecting rod 1, but only through the small end of the connecting rod. The bushing oil hole 201 fills the gap between the small end bushing 2 and the piston pin 3 of the connecting rod. Because the gap is much smaller than the three evenly distributed piston pin oil inlet holes 304 on the piston pin 3: piston pin oil inlet hole 304, the flow area of the piston pin oil inlet hole, most of the oil passes through the piston pin oil inlet hole 304: piston The pin 3 enters the oil passage 301 of the piston pin cavity. The two ends of the oil passage 301 of the piston pin cavity are sealed with screw plugs. Then the oil passes through the piston pin oil outlet 303, the oil groove on the piston pin seat 302, and the piston cooling upper oil passage in turn. 403 enters the cold oil cavity 401 in the piston. After the oil oscillates and flows in the cold oil cavity 401 in the piston, it flows out of the piston from the piston cooling oil outlet 402 to complete the cooling process of the oil on the piston. The distribution of the piston cooling upper oil passage 403 and the piston cooling oil outlet 402 is shown in Fig. 4. The piston cooling upper oil passage 403 and the plug cooling oil outlet 402 have a reasonable distribution of oil outlets. After the cooling oil enters the piston inner cooling oil cavity 401 It will not flow directly from the plug cooling oil outlet 402, and the cooling oil can flow fully in the cold oil cavity 401 in the piston, and the heat exchange is more sufficient. The schematic diagram of the oil flow trajectory is shown by the arrows in Figure 5-8: from the front view to the B-B cross-sectional view, then to the C-C cross-sectional view, and finally out of the oil outlet in the A-A view.
总之，本发明的活塞头部的冷却结构，通过连杆、连杆小头衬套、活塞销和活塞的配置，冷却机油利用率高，能够大大减小润滑***所需机油量，减小了机油泵的功率，从而提高了燃油经济性。In short, the cooling structure of the piston head of the present invention, through the configuration of the connecting rod, connecting rod small end bushing, piston pin and piston, has a high utilization rate of cooling oil, and can greatly reduce the amount of oil required by the lubrication system. The power of the oil pump improves fuel economy.
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and changes can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can implement and use various exemplary embodiments and various different embodiments of the present invention. Choice and change. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
- 一种活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，包括：A cooling structure for the head of a piston, which is characterized in that it comprises:连杆，所述连杆上开设有连杆体油道，所述连杆的连杆小头上并且与所述连杆体油道对应开有连杆小头油槽；A connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod body oil passage, and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod small end oil groove corresponding to the connecting rod body oil passage;连杆小头衬套，安装于所述连杆的所述连杆小头上；Connecting rod small end bushing, installed on the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod;活塞销，装配于所述连杆小头衬套上，所述活塞销的内部设置有活塞销内腔油道，所述活塞销的两端并且与所述活塞销内腔油道对应装配有两组活塞销座，所述两组活塞销座的中心处并且位于所述活塞销内腔油道的内部开设有活塞销出油孔，且所述活塞销的中心位置开设有活塞销进油孔；以及A piston pin is assembled on the small end bushing of the connecting rod, the piston pin is provided with a piston pin cavity oil passage inside, and both ends of the piston pin and corresponding to the piston pin cavity oil passage are equipped There are two sets of piston pin seats. Piston pin oil outlet holes are opened at the center of the two sets of piston pin seats and inside the oil passage of the piston pin cavity, and the piston pin oil inlet is opened at the center of the piston pin. Hole; and活塞，装配于所述活塞销上，所述活塞的内部设置有活塞内冷油腔，所述活塞的内部并且与所述活塞内冷油腔对应开设有活塞冷却出油孔，所述活塞的内部并且与所述塞冷却出油孔相对立设置有活塞冷却上油道；The piston is assembled on the piston pin, the piston is provided with a piston cold oil cavity, and the piston is provided with a piston cooling oil outlet corresponding to the piston cold oil cavity. A piston cooling upper oil passage is provided inside and opposite to the plug cooling oil outlet;其中，所述连杆小头衬套上并且与所述活塞销及所述活塞的连接处开设有连杆小头衬套油孔。Wherein, the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting point with the piston pin and the piston are provided with connecting rod small end bushing oil holes.
- 如权利要求1所述的活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述连杆小头衬套与所述连杆的所述连杆小头的配合方式为过盈配套。The cooling structure of the piston head according to claim 1, wherein the coupling mode of the connecting rod small end bushing and the connecting rod small end of the connecting rod is an interference fit.
- 如权利要求1所述的活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述活塞销进油孔等角度环绕所述活塞销的外壁设置三个，三个所述活塞销进油孔的流通面积大于所述连杆小头衬套与所述活塞销之间的间距。The cooling structure of the piston head according to claim 1, wherein the piston pin oil inlet holes are provided with three equal angles around the outer wall of the piston pin, and the circulation area of the three piston pin oil inlet holes It is larger than the distance between the small end bushing of the connecting rod and the piston pin.
- 如权利要求1所述的活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述活塞销内腔油道内部的两端分别装配有螺塞密封，所述活塞销座上开设有油槽并且与所述活塞销内腔油道为连通结构。The cooling structure for the piston head according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the oil passage inside the piston pin cavity are respectively equipped with screw plug seals, and the piston pin seat is provided with an oil groove and is connected to the piston pin seat. The oil passage in the inner cavity of the piston pin is a communicating structure.
- 如权利要求1所述的活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述活塞冷却出油孔与所述活塞冷却上油道分别开设两组并且依次交替设置，所述活塞 冷却出油孔与所述活塞冷却上油道分别与所述活塞内冷油腔为连通结构。The cooling structure of the piston head according to claim 1, wherein the piston cooling oil outlet hole and the piston cooling upper oil passage are respectively opened in two groups and arranged alternately in sequence, and the piston cooling oil outlet hole and the piston cooling upper oil passage are arranged alternately. The piston cooling upper oil passage and the piston inner cooling oil cavity are respectively connected structures.
- 如权利要求1所述的活塞头部的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述连杆体油道与所述连杆小头油槽，所述活塞销进油孔与所述活塞销内腔油道均为连通结构。The cooling structure of the piston head according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod body oil passage and the connecting rod small end oil groove, the piston pin oil inlet hole and the piston pin inner cavity oil passage All are connected structures.
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- 2020-05-08 CN CN202010380405.8A patent/CN111350601A/en active Pending
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