WO2021220370A1 - Système de communication, dispositif de transmission, et procédé de communication - Google Patents

Système de communication, dispositif de transmission, et procédé de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021220370A1
WO2021220370A1 PCT/JP2020/018027 JP2020018027W WO2021220370A1 WO 2021220370 A1 WO2021220370 A1 WO 2021220370A1 JP 2020018027 W JP2020018027 W JP 2020018027W WO 2021220370 A1 WO2021220370 A1 WO 2021220370A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow rate
water pipe
water
meter reading
pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/018027
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
稔久 藤原
一貴 原
亮太 椎名
央也 小野
幸嗣 辻
Original Assignee
日本電信電話株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本電信電話株式会社 filed Critical 日本電信電話株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/018027 priority Critical patent/WO2021220370A1/fr
Priority to JP2022518464A priority patent/JP7485019B2/ja
Publication of WO2021220370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021220370A1/fr
Priority to JP2024036180A priority patent/JP2024056083A/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a communication system, a transmitter, and a communication method for transmitting a physical quantity of a fluid in a distant pipe by using the pipe or the fluid.
  • a flow meter is installed in the water pipe to the home or business that is the service user, and by measuring the flow rate, the charge is made according to the usage amount.
  • the work of acquiring the measured value of the flow rate is called meter reading here.
  • meter reading has traditionally been performed by visual reading by a meter reader.
  • meter reading by a meter reader has problems such as difficulty in reading depending on the installation location, a difference in acquisition date and time, an increase in cost due to manual operation, and securing of a meter reader. ..
  • Non-Patent Document 1 a communication line has been used for non-manual meter reading (referred to as automatic meter reading here) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
  • analog telephone lines and ISDN lines were often used, but in recent years, mobile lines, ADSL and optical lines have also been used (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
  • Figure 1 shows the system model of automatic meter reading.
  • the center terminal 10 having the flow meter 11 reports the flow rate to the center device 20 connected by wire / wirelessly, so that the center device manually holds the flow meters installed in a plurality of homes, business establishments, and the like.
  • the meter can be read regardless.
  • automation using wireless for IoT such as LPWA (Low Power Wide Area), avoiding wired communication lines and mobiles, has also been proposed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3).
  • water flow meters are often installed in places where wiring is difficult or where radio waves are difficult to reach, such as in the ground, rather than on the ground / outdoor exposed parts. Therefore, there is a problem that automatic meter reading by wired or mobile line / IoT wireless or the like is difficult.
  • the communication system has decided to transmit measurement data by a water flow meter by a water pipe or a sound wave signal using water in the water pipe as a medium.
  • the communication system is A transmitter that transmits sound waves to the laid pipe or the fluid in the pipe, A receiver that receives the sound wave propagating in the pipe or the fluid, and To be equipped.
  • the transmitter according to the present invention is A measuring instrument that measures the physical quantity of fluid in the laid pipe, A transmitter that modulates the physical quantity measured by the measuring instrument by an arbitrary modulation method to generate a sound wave, and transmits the sound wave to the pipe or the fluid. To be equipped.
  • the communication method according to the present invention is To transmit sound waves to the laid pipe or the fluid in the pipe, and to receive the sound waves propagating in the pipe or the fluid. I do.
  • the present invention can provide a communication system, a transmitter, and a communication method capable of automatic meter reading regardless of wired and mobile lines / IoT radio and the like.
  • the communication system further includes a measuring device for measuring a physical quantity related to the fluid, and the transmitter modulates the physical quantity measured by the measuring device by an arbitrary modulation method to generate the sound wave. It is a feature.
  • the communication system according to the present invention is further provided with a management device that communicates with the receiver by a medium other than the sound wave and collects information on the sound wave from the receiver.
  • the communication system according to the present invention is further provided with a generator that generates electric power with a physical quantity of the fluid and supplies electric power to at least one of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the present invention can provide a communication system, a transmitter, and a communication method capable of automatic meter reading regardless of wired and mobile lines / IoT wireless and the like.
  • a communication system including a transmitter that transmits sound waves to a laid pipe or a fluid in the pipe and a receiver that receives the sound waves propagating through the pipe or the fluid will be described. ..
  • the communication system further includes a measuring instrument for measuring a physical quantity related to the fluid.
  • the transmitter modulates the physical quantity measured by the measuring instrument by an arbitrary modulation method to generate the sound wave.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which the communication system of the present embodiment is applied to the meter reading system 301 of the water supply.
  • the meter reading system 301 A flow meter 11 that measures the flow rate of tap water flowing through the water pipe 50, and A flow rate transmitting device 30 having a transmission function (speaker) for transmitting sound waves to the water pipe 50 in which the flow meter 11 measures the flow rate.
  • a flow rate collecting device 40 which is arranged at a place away from the flow meter 11 and has a receiving function (microphone) for receiving the sound wave from the water pipe 50 of the same system as the water pipe in which the flow meter 11 is arranged.
  • the flow rate receiving device 40 can acquire the flow rate from the flow rate transmitting device 30 by sound waves using the water in the water pipe 50 or the water pipe 50 as a communication medium.
  • the transmitter corresponds to the flow rate transmitting device 30, the receiver corresponds to the flow collecting device 40, and the measuring device corresponds to the flow meter 11.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40 do not depend on the direction of the water flow.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a meter reading system 302.
  • the meter reading system 302 communicates with the receiver (flow rate receiving device 40) by a medium other than sound waves to the meter reading system 301 described with reference to FIG. 2, and collects sound wave information (flow rate) from the receiver (flow rate receiving device 40).
  • a management device center device 20 is further provided.
  • the meter reading system 302 includes a center terminal 10 arranged in a water pipe 50, and a center device 20 installed in a different place from the center terminal 10 by a wired / wireless line 60 or the like.
  • the center terminal 10 has a flow meter 11, a flow transmitting device 30, and a flow receiving device 40 described in the meter reading system 301.
  • the meter reading system 302 notifies the flow rate receiving device 40 from the flow rate transmitting device 30 via the water pipe 50 of the flow rate measured by the flow meter 11, and further reports the flow rate information from the flow rate receiving device 40 to the center device 20 via the line 60. can do.
  • Line 60 is an existing line that is separately provided in the home / business office and communicates with the outside.
  • the flow rate measured by the flow meter 11 arranged in the water pipe 50 in the home / business can be transmitted to the line 60 via the flow rate transmitting device 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40, and notified to the center device 20. If the flow rate receiving device 40 is arranged in a place where it is easy to connect to the line 60, the meter reading system 302 has an effect that it is not necessary to move the position of the flow meter 10 or install new wiring.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a meter reading system 303.
  • the meter reading system 303 is a center type system, and the flow rate receiving device 40 as the center device 20 can collect information from the flow rate transmitting devices 30 of a plurality of center terminals 10 having different users. At this time, in order for the flow rate receiving device 40 to identify different flow rate transmitting devices 30, it is preferable that the flow rate transmitting device 30 assigns a unique identifier to the transmitted information.
  • the meter reading system 303 can connect the flow meter 11 and the center device 20 of a plurality of homes / business establishments (center terminals 10) by using the flow rate transmitting device 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40. By using the water pipe 50, the meter reading system 303 can perform automatic meter reading of a plurality of homes / business establishments without using a new line.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a center-type meter reading system 304 of the present embodiment.
  • the meter reading system 304 has a configuration in which one center device 20 is connected to a plurality of center terminals 10 by a line 60. Further, as described with reference to FIG. 4, each center terminal 10 has a configuration in which one flow rate receiving device 40 receives flow rates from a plurality of flow rate transmitting devices 30.
  • the flow rate receiving device 40 in the center type system does not necessarily have to be arranged in the water delivery facility. Considering the reach of sound waves, it is preferable to arrange the flow rate receiving device 40 in a unit in which the flow rate transmitting device 30 for each water pipe 50 is grouped by the branches of the water pipe 50 as shown in FIG. Then, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the center device 20 may manage a plurality of flow rate receiving devices 40 using the line 60. That is, the plurality of flow rate transmitting devices 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40 can be regarded as an integrated center terminal 10 and connected to the center device 20.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a meter reading system 305.
  • the meter reading system 305 is a combination of the meter reading system 303 of FIG. 4 and the meter reading system 304 of FIG.
  • the flow rate transmitting device (30-1, 30-2) and the flow rate receiving device 40-1 are the configurations of the meter reading system 303 of FIG.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30-3, the flow rate receiving device 40-2, and the center device 20 have the configuration of the meter reading system 304 of FIG.
  • the measuring instrument is a flow meter 11 for measuring the flow rate of tap water.
  • the measuring instrument may measure the state and quality of water pipes and tap water such as turbidity, color, and residual chlorine concentration as physical quantities, not limited to the flow rate.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 transmits the physical quantity to the flow rate receiving device 40 by sound waves.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the flow rate transmitting device 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 includes a flow meter 11, a transmitting unit 13 such as a speaker, and a reading / controlling unit 12.
  • the reading / controlling unit 12 acquires the value of the flow meter 11, controls the timing of transmitting the value, and modulates it by an appropriate sound wave modulation method.
  • the transmitting unit 13 converts the modulated flow value into sound waves and transmits the modulated flow value to the water pipe 50 or the water in the water pipe 50.
  • the flow rate receiving communication device 40 has a receiving unit 24 such as a microphone and a control unit / output unit 22.
  • the receiving unit 24 acquires sound waves transmitted by the flow rate transmitting device 30 from the water pipe 50 or the water in the water pipe 50.
  • the control unit / output unit 22 converts the sound wave signal acquired by the reception unit 24 into a flow rate value, and outputs a signal that can be read by an external device.
  • the timing at which the reading / controlling unit 12 acquires the flow rate and transmits a sound wave may be based on a timer or time. Further, the timing may be in response to a request from the flow rate receiving device 40. In this case, it is necessary to perform bidirectional communication between the flow rate transmitting device 30 and the flow rate receiving device 40.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 further has a receiving unit 14 such as a microphone
  • the flow rate receiving device 40 further has a transmitting unit 23 such as a speaker.
  • the control unit / output unit 22 of the flow rate receiving device 40 outputs the sound wave of the instruction signal from the transmitting unit 23 to the water pipe 50 or the water in the water pipe 50 at a desired timing.
  • the control unit / output unit 22 of the flow rate receiving device 40 outputs the sound wave of the instruction signal from the transmitting unit 23 to the water pipe 50 or the water in the water pipe 50 at a desired timing.
  • the receiving unit 14 of the flow rate transmitting device 30 receives the sound wave of the instruction signal transmitted from the flow rate receiving device 40 via the water pipe 50 or the water in the water pipe 50.
  • the reading / control unit 12 acquires the flow rate from the flow meter 11 based on the instruction signal. In this way, the operation of the flow rate transmitting device 30 can be controlled from the flow rate receiving device 40.
  • the transmitting unit 13 and the transmitting unit 23 can use either or both of ultrasonic waves and audible sound waves as the sound waves to be transmitted.
  • the receiving unit (14, 24) not only acquires the sound wave of the transmitting unit (23, 13) of the opposite device, but may also acquire the sound wave of the transmitting unit (13, 23) of the own device. Echo cancellation at the time of transmission can be performed to prevent deterioration of communication quality due to end-to-end crosstalk.
  • the transmission unit (13, 23) divides each transmission timing into time division.
  • the time division can be based on the timing signal from the flow receiving device 40.
  • a guard time can be set assuming the propagation time of the water pipe.
  • the transmitting unit (13, 23) may divide each frequency. Time division and frequency division can also be combined.
  • the signals from the plurality of flow rate transmitting devices 30 do not interfere with each other by shifting the transmission time of each flow rate transmitting device 30 or shifting the frequency, or a combination of both. To do so.
  • the signal can also be coded for error detection.
  • the signal can also be encrypted to prevent tampering and eavesdropping.
  • the transmitting unit (13, 23) retransmits the time again. For example, the use of water at home is often instantaneous, and the water flow is stopped at many times, and it is preferable that the transmitting unit (13, 23) retransmits at this time.
  • the waveform distortion of the sound wave occurs due to the difference between the transmission time by the water pipe medium and the propagation time by the water medium.
  • waveform distortion occurs due to multiple reflections of sound waves in an aqueous medium.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 can transmit the own device state such as an error of the own device / remaining battery level to the flow rate receiving device 40 in addition to the flow rate.
  • the center device 20 can remotely acquire information for the necessity of maintenance in addition to meter reading.
  • the administrator can perform maintenance only on the necessary equipment, instead of uniform maintenance such as the elapsed time from the installation of the flow meter 11. Similarly, the administrator can perform maintenance before each device is stopped or fails.
  • the meter reading system described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 may further include a generator that generates electric power with a physical quantity of the fluid and supplies electric power to at least one of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • a generator such as a thermoelectric conversion device or a power generation device using a water flow (hereinafter referred to as a hydroelectric power generation device).
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 or the flow rate receiving device 40 also has a storage battery, and the generator can charge the storage battery.
  • the flow rate transmitting device 30 or the flow rate receiving device 40 can convert the vibration of the water pipe due to the water flow or the vibration of the crust at the place where it is installed into electric power.
  • the generator can extend the life of the primary battery for the operation of the flow rate transmitting device 30 or the flow rate receiving device 40, or can eliminate the need for the primary battery.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermoelectric conversion device 70 that utilizes a temperature difference between a water pipe and the underground or outside air.
  • the thermoelectric conversion device 70 includes a first heat exchange unit 71, a second heat exchange unit 72, a heat transfer unit 73, and an installation box lid 74.
  • the first heat exchange unit 71 exchanges heat with the water pipe 50 and the water in the water pipe 50.
  • the first heat exchange unit 71 can be integrated with the flow rate transmitting device 30.
  • the heat exchange unit 73 is a substance having a high heat transfer coefficient, and can efficiently exchange heat by attaching it to the back surface of the lid 74 or by integrating it with the metal lid 74.
  • the heat of the first heat exchange unit 71 is transferred to the thermoelectric element provided in the second heat exchange unit 72 by the heat transfer unit 73, or the heat of the second heat exchange unit 72 is transferred to the first heat exchange unit by the heat transfer unit 73. It is transmitted to the thermoelectric element provided in 71.
  • This enables thermoelectric conversion using the temperature difference between the temperature near the surface of the earth and the water temperature. The water temperature is almost stable, while the outside air temperature changes greatly due to environmental changes such as weather, seasons, and day and night, and a temperature difference from the water temperature is likely to occur. Electric power is generated by utilizing this temperature difference and is supplied to the flow rate transmitting device 30 or the flow rate receiving device 40.
  • a hydroelectric power generator may be used as the generator.
  • a turbine generator that converts a water flow into electric power in the water of a water pipe can be used.
  • the impeller type When an impeller type is used as the flow meter, the impeller type may be shared and the rotation of the rotating shaft may be transmitted to the power generation motor by a gear or the like.
  • the hydroelectric power generation device applies a load to the water flow, and reduces the load on the water delivery pump or the faucet water pressure. Therefore, when the power generation efficiency is lowered such as the water pressure is lowered, the power generation can be stopped. Further, when the storage battery is sufficiently charged, the power generation can be stopped.
  • This meter reading system uses water pipes and water from water pipes as a communication medium for sound wave signals, so that automatic meter reading can be performed in places where wireless / wired lines are physically difficult to use. For example, this meter reading system can transmit information such as a flow rate to a place where a wired / wireless line is easily available. Further, when it is difficult to supply electric power, the meter reading system can be continuously operated by providing a generator and a storage battery.
  • the communication system according to the present invention can be applied to meter reading of water flow meters installed in homes and business establishments and quality measurement of water pipes and tap water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Details Of Flowmeters (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un système de communication, un dispositif de transmission, et un procédé de communication qui permettent une lecture de compteur automatisée sans s'appuyer sur des lignes filaires et mobiles, l'IdO sans fil, etc. Un système de lecture de compteur (301) selon la présente invention comprend : un débitmètre (11) qui mesure un débit d'eau du robinet s'écoulant à l'intérieur d'une conduite d'eau (50) ; un dispositif de transmission de débit (30) qui a une fonction de transmission (haut-parleur) apte à délivrer une onde acoustique à la conduite d'eau (50) où une mesure de débit est effectuée par le débitmètre (11) ; et un dispositif de collecte de débit (40) qui est disposé à un emplacement éloigné du débitmètre (11) et qui a une fonction de réception (microphone) apte à recevoir l'onde acoustique provenant de la conduite d'eau (50) du même système de distribution d'eau que la conduite d'eau au niveau de laquelle le débitmètre (11) est disposé. C'est-à-dire, dans ce système de lecture de compteur (301), le dispositif de réception de débit (40) est apte à acquérir un débit sous la forme d'une onde acoustique en provenance du dispositif de transmission de débit (30) à l'aide soit de l'eau à l'intérieur de la conduite d'eau (50) soit de la conduite d'eau (50) elle-même comme support de communication.
PCT/JP2020/018027 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 Système de communication, dispositif de transmission, et procédé de communication WO2021220370A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2020/018027 WO2021220370A1 (fr) 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 Système de communication, dispositif de transmission, et procédé de communication
JP2022518464A JP7485019B2 (ja) 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 通信システム、発信装置、及び通信方法
JP2024036180A JP2024056083A (ja) 2020-04-27 2024-03-08 通信システム、発信装置、及び通信方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2020/018027 WO2021220370A1 (fr) 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 Système de communication, dispositif de transmission, et procédé de communication

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WO2021220370A1 true WO2021220370A1 (fr) 2021-11-04

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56105199U (fr) * 1979-12-31 1981-08-17
JPH05252578A (ja) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-28 Toyo Keiki Kk 通信システム
CN103944648A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-23 北京纳衡仪器仪表有限公司 一种基于管道声波通信的***装置和方法
KR101721099B1 (ko) * 2015-11-10 2017-03-30 주식회사 아이콘트롤스 자가 발전을 이용한 동파방지 및 무선 유량검침기
CN210129284U (zh) * 2019-06-03 2020-03-06 山东农业工程学院 一种自发电远程抄表***

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56105199U (fr) * 1979-12-31 1981-08-17
JPH05252578A (ja) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-28 Toyo Keiki Kk 通信システム
CN103944648A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-23 北京纳衡仪器仪表有限公司 一种基于管道声波通信的***装置和方法
KR101721099B1 (ko) * 2015-11-10 2017-03-30 주식회사 아이콘트롤스 자가 발전을 이용한 동파방지 및 무선 유량검침기
CN210129284U (zh) * 2019-06-03 2020-03-06 山东农业工程学院 一种自发电远程抄表***

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JP2024056083A (ja) 2024-04-19
JP7485019B2 (ja) 2024-05-16
JPWO2021220370A1 (fr) 2021-11-04

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