WO2021218841A1 - 扬声器及电子设备 - Google Patents

扬声器及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021218841A1
WO2021218841A1 PCT/CN2021/089549 CN2021089549W WO2021218841A1 WO 2021218841 A1 WO2021218841 A1 WO 2021218841A1 CN 2021089549 W CN2021089549 W CN 2021089549W WO 2021218841 A1 WO2021218841 A1 WO 2021218841A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibrating plate
voltage
electro
dome
ion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089549
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈旭
罗斌
Original Assignee
维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority to KR1020227040493A priority Critical patent/KR20230002888A/ko
Priority to EP21797383.3A priority patent/EP4145857A4/en
Priority to JP2022564728A priority patent/JP2023523607A/ja
Publication of WO2021218841A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021218841A1/zh
Priority to US17/975,593 priority patent/US11871200B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R23/00—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1601—Constructional details related to the housing of computer displays, e.g. of CRT monitors, of flat displays
    • G06F1/1605—Multimedia displays, e.g. with integrated or attached speakers, cameras, microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/03—Transducers capable of generating both sound as well as tactile vibration, e.g. as used in cellular phones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/01—General technical reviews, overviews, tutorials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic devices, in particular to a speaker and electronic equipment.
  • the realization principle of mainstream speakers is: when a current-carrying conductor passes through a magnetic field, it will receive a force.
  • the force is perpendicular to the direction of the current and the magnetic field, and the force is proportional to the current, wire length, and magnetic flux density.
  • the speaker includes a magnetic steel, a voice coil and a diaphragm.
  • the voice coil receives an alternating driving force, which generates an alternating motion, which drives the diaphragm to vibrate and repeatedly pushes the air to make the speaker sound.
  • the speaker since the speaker includes a magnet and a coil, the magnetic field generated by the magnet and the coil will interfere with the devices around the speaker.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a speaker and electronic equipment to solve the problem that the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel and coil of the speaker will interfere with the devices around the speaker.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a loudspeaker including a weight body, and a lower shell, a middle shell, an electro-vibrating plate, and a dome that are arranged in sequence;
  • the lower shell, the middle shell, and the electro-vibrating plate cooperate to form an accommodating cavity, and the weight body is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected to the first surface of the electro-vibrating plate ;
  • the dome is arranged on the second surface of the electro-vibration plate away from the weight body;
  • the electro-vibrating piece drives the dome to move.
  • the electro-vibration piece is a ring-shaped structural member with a first through hole, and the dome covers the first through hole.
  • the weight body is an annular structural member with a second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole are relatively distributed.
  • the electro-induced vibrating plate is an ion-conducting vibrating plate
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move in the first direction;
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move in the second direction;
  • first voltage and the second voltage have opposite polarities, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move a first distance in a first direction;
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move a second distance in the first direction;
  • the first voltage and the third voltage have the same polarity, and the third voltage is greater than the first voltage, and the first distance is different from the second distance.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move in the first direction at a first rate
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome to move in the first direction at a second rate
  • the first voltage and the third voltage have the same polarity, and the third voltage is greater than the first voltage, and the first rate is different from the second rate.
  • the electro-vibration plate has a first area, a second area, and a third area;
  • the weight body is arranged in a first area of the electro-vibration plate, the electro-vibration plate is connected to the middle shell through the second area, and the third area is located between the first area and the Between the second area;
  • the third area of the electro-vibration plate is recessed in a direction toward the lower case, or the third area of the electro-vibration plate is recessed in a direction away from the lower case.
  • the middle shell is provided with a third through hole, and there is a gap between the weight body and the middle shell.
  • the third through hole is a countersunk hole, and the countersunk of the countersunk hole is located at an end of the middle shell away from the dome. In the direction of movement of the dome, the dome The projection of the counterweight body and the counterweight are both located within the projection of the countersunk hole.
  • the height of the counterweight body is greater than half of the height of the countersunk hole, and the height of the counterweight body is smaller than the height of the countersunk hole.
  • the above-mentioned speaker further includes a vibrating plate holder, the vibrating plate holder is arranged around the electro-vibrating plate, and the electro-vibrating plate is fixedly connected to the middle shell through the vibrating plate holder.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including the aforementioned speaker.
  • the speaker includes a counterweight, and a lower shell, a middle shell, an electro-vibrating plate and a dome arranged in sequence; the lower shell, the middle shell, and the electro-vibrating plate cooperate to form an accommodating cavity
  • the weight body is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is connected to the first surface of the electro-vibration plate; the spherical top is arranged on the second surface of the electro-vibration plate away from the weight body. Surface; when a voltage is applied to the electro-vibration plate, the electro-vibration plate drives the dome to move.
  • the structure of the above speaker eliminates the magnetic steel and coil structure, thereby avoiding magnetic field interference to the circuits and devices around the speaker, and purifying the working environment of the circuits and devices around the speaker; at the same time, the above speaker has a simple structure, a small footprint, and can be used. Meet the needs of thinner electronic equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a second structural diagram of a loudspeaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of cation distribution of the vibrating plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the second schematic diagram of the cation distribution of the vibrating plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a speaker, including a weight body 1, and a lower shell 2, a middle shell 3, an electro-vibrating plate 4, and a dome 5 arranged in sequence; the lower shell 2, the The middle shell 3 and the electro-vibration plate 4 cooperate to form an accommodating cavity, and the weight body 1 is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is connected to the first surface of the electro-vibration plate 4; The dome 5 is arranged on the second surface of the electro-vibration plate 4 facing away from the weight body 1; when a voltage is applied to the electro-vibration plate 4, the electro-vibration plate 4 drives the dome 5 move.
  • the lower shell 2, the middle shell 3, and the electro vibrating plate 4 cooperate to form an accommodating cavity.
  • the first surface is connected.
  • an adhesive can be used to bond the weight body 1 with the first surface, so that the weight body 1 is suspended in the containing cavity.
  • the electro-vibration plate 4 drives the dome 5 to move, it will also drive the weight body. 1 moves together, and the counterweight 1 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the speaker.
  • the electro-vibrating plate 4 drives the dome 5 to move, thereby driving the air around the dome 5 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the speaker includes a counterweight 1, and a lower shell 2, a middle shell 3, an electro-vibrating plate 4, and a dome 5 arranged in sequence; the lower shell 2, the middle shell 3, and the electro-vibration
  • the sheet 4 cooperates to form an accommodating cavity, and the weight body 1 is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected with the first surface of the electro-vibrating sheet 4; the spherical top 5 is arranged in the electro-vibrating sheet 4
  • the vibrating plate 4 is away from the second surface of the weight body 1; when a voltage is applied to the electro-vibrating plate 4, the electro-vibrating plate 4 drives the dome 5 to move.
  • the structure of the speaker in this embodiment eliminates the magnetic steel and coil structure, thereby avoiding magnetic field interference to the circuits and devices around the speaker, and purifying the working environment of the circuits and devices around the speaker; at the same time, the speaker in this embodiment
  • the structure is simple, and the space occupied is small, which can meet the needs of thinning electronic equipment.
  • the electro-induced vibrating plate 4 is an ion-conducting vibrating plate, and when the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate is a first voltage, the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move in a first direction When the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate is a second voltage, the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move in a second direction; wherein, the first voltage and the second voltage pole In contrast, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, that is, the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.
  • the The ion conduction vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move alternately in the first direction and the second direction, thereby driving the air around the dome 5 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate is a composite material actuating element, such as a soft polymer actuating element.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate includes a first electrode layer, an ion exchange resin layer, and a second electrode layer that are sequentially stacked, and the ion exchange resin layer contains a polymer electrolyte.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating piece can form the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer by electroless copper plating or gold plating on two opposite surfaces of the ion exchange resin, and increase the displacement performance by increasing the electrode surface area.
  • a voltage to the vibrating plate 4 the cations in the polymer electrolyte move to the cathode side, causing a difference in swelling between the front and back of the vibrating plate 4. This difference can cause the vibrating plate 4 to deform and alternately change the amount of swelling applied to the vibrating plate 4.
  • the direction of the voltage can make the direction of deformation of the vibrating plate 4 change alternately, thereby generating vibration.
  • the vibration amplitude can be 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the vibration amplitude can be controlled by setting the thickness of the vibrating plate 4 and adjusting the current through the vibrating plate 4.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of cations in the vibrating plate 4 when a positive current flows through the vibrating plate 4, where the cations move to the cathode side of the vibrating plate 4 (that is, the lower side of the vibrating plate 4 in Figure 4), and the vibrating plate 4 It moves upward, and drives the dome 5 to move upward.
  • a in FIG. 4 shows the moving direction of the vibrating plate 4.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of cations in the vibrating plate 4 when a negative direction current passes through the vibrating plate 4, where the cations move to the cathode side of the vibrating plate 4 (that is, the upper side of the vibrating plate 4 in Figure 5), and the vibrating plate 4 It moves downward, and drives the dome 5 to move downward.
  • B in FIG. 5 shows the moving direction of the vibrating plate 4.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating piece By applying a voltage to the ion-conducting vibrating piece, the cations in the polymer electrolyte of the ion-conducting vibrating piece move to the cathode side, causing a difference in swelling between the front and back sides, and causing the ion-conducting vibrating piece to deform.
  • an alternating current is applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate, the ion-conducting vibrating plate will drive the dome 5 to reciprocate, thereby driving the air around the dome 5 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor in the electronic device. After reaching the temperature point where the heat needs to be dissipated, the electronic device outputs a low-power electrical signal of about 0.05W to the vibrating plate 4.
  • the energized vibrating plate 4 can vibrate back and forth, thereby driving the surrounding vibration to produce sound, thereby reminding the user that the temperature of the electronic equipment is relatively high, and heat dissipation is required to avoid damage to the equipment.
  • the temperature is monitored by the temperature sensor in the electronic device. After reaching the temperature point that requires heat dissipation, the electronic device outputs a low-power electrical signal of about 0.05W to the vibrating plate 4, and the vibrating plate is powered on. 4 It can vibrate back and forth, thereby driving the surrounding vibration to produce sound, and driving the surrounding air to flow for heat dissipation.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move a first distance in a first direction;
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move a second distance in the first direction;
  • the first voltage and the third voltage have the same polarity, and the third voltage is greater than the first voltage, the first distance is different from the second distance, for example, the second distance may be Greater than the first distance.
  • the dome 5 can be driven to move a larger distance by applying a larger voltage to the ion conduction vibrating plate; when the dome 5 is required to move a smaller distance, the ion conduction vibrating plate can be moved by A larger voltage is applied to drive the dome 5 to move a smaller distance.
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate and the moving distance of the dome 5.
  • the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate can be determined according to the corresponding relationship. size.
  • the second distance may be smaller than the first distance.
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move in the first direction at a first rate
  • the ion-conducting vibrating plate drives the dome 5 to move in the first direction at a second rate;
  • the first voltage and the third voltage have the same polarity, and the third voltage is greater than the first voltage, and the first rate is different from the second rate.
  • the second rate may be less than the first rate.
  • the corresponding relationship there is a corresponding relationship between the magnitude of the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate and the moving speed of the dome 5. In the case of determining the speed at which the dome 5 needs to move, the corresponding relationship can be used to determine the The voltage of the vibrating plate.
  • the loudspeaker may include two working modes: a sounding mode and a vibration mode.
  • the voltage applied to the ion-conducting vibrating plate may be a fourth voltage with alternating polarity.
  • the fourth voltage has a larger voltage value.
  • the voltage applied to the ion conduction vibrating plate can be the fifth of the alternating polarity.
  • the voltage value of the fifth voltage is relatively small, which drives the dome 5 to move, realizes the low-frequency vibration of the dome 5, and is reused as a vibration motor.
  • the lower shell 2 and the middle shell 3 are fixedly connected. Specifically, the connection can be made by welding, and the lower shell 2 and the middle shell 3 play a supporting role.
  • the electro-vibration plate 4 is a ring-shaped structural member with a first through hole, and the dome 5 covers the first through hole.
  • the electro-vibration plate 4 and the dome 5 can be detachably connected.
  • the electro-vibration plate 4 and the dome 5 are bonded together with an adhesive. When the dome 5 fails, the dome 5 can be easily replaced.
  • the weight body 1 is a ring-shaped structural member with a second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole are relatively distributed.
  • the weight body 1 is used to adjust the resonance frequency of the loudspeaker.
  • the weight body 1 has a certain weight, and the weight can be set according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.
  • the weight 1 and the electro vibrating plate 4 can be bonded together.
  • the weight body 1 can be rectangular, elliptical, etc., so that the force of the weight body 1 received by the electro vibrating plate 4 can be uniform.
  • the electro-vibration plate 4 has a first area, a second area, and a third area;
  • the weight body 1 is disposed in the first area of the electro-vibrating plate 4, the electro-vibrating plate 4 is connected to the middle shell 3 through the second area, and the third area is located in the first area. Between the area and the second area;
  • the third area of the electro-vibration plate 4 is recessed in a direction toward the lower case 2, or the third area of the electro-vibration plate 4 is recessed in a direction away from the lower case 2.
  • the first area, the second area, and the third area are located on the first surface of the electro-vibrating plate 4, and the weight body 1 is connected to the first area of the electro-vibrating plate 4, which can be specifically bonded; the middle shell 3 is connected to the electro-vibrating plate 4.
  • the second area of the sheet 4 is connected, and the third area of the electro-vibration sheet 4 is recessed in the direction toward the lower case 2, or the third area of the electro-vibration sheet 4 is facing away from the lower case 2
  • the direction is recessed, so that the third area forms a curved arc, which is convenient for the electro-vibration plate 4 to drive the dome 5 to reciprocate under the condition of deformation.
  • the middle shell 3 is provided with a third through hole, and there is a gap between the weight body 1 and the middle shell 3, so that the weight body 1 is suspended in the containing cavity to avoid
  • the middle shell 3 hinders the movement of the electro-vibration plate 4.
  • the weight body 1 can generate a force on the electro-vibrating plate 4 through its own gravity, and adjust the resonance frequency of the dome 5.
  • the third through hole is a countersunk hole
  • the countersunk hole of the countersunk hole is located at an end of the middle shell 3 away from the dome 5, and in the direction of movement of the dome 5,
  • the projections of the spherical top 5 and the counterweight body 1 are both located within the projection of the countersunk hole, so that the counterweight 1 and the spherical top 5 can move back and forth in the countersunk hole.
  • the height of the counterweight body 1 is greater than half of the height of the countersunk hole, and the height of the counterweight body 1 is less than the height of the countersunk hole, so that the counterweight body 1 can be suspended in the countersunk hole, and can follow Move with the movement of the top 5 of the ball.
  • the speaker further includes a vibrating plate holder, the vibrating plate holder is ringed on the electro-vibrating plate 4, and the electro-vibrating plate 4 passes through the vibrating plate holder and the middle shell.
  • the vibrating plate bracket can be made of low-cost insulating materials to save the amount of electro-induced vibrating plate 4 and reduce the cost of the speaker.
  • an electronic device is also provided, and the electronic device includes the speaker in the foregoing embodiment. Since there are no magnets and coils in the structure of the speaker, it will not cause magnetic field interference to the circuits and devices around the speaker, which purifies the working environment of the circuits and devices around the speaker. At the same time, the speaker has a simple structure and a small footprint, which can be more Meet the needs of thinner electronic equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种扬声器及电子设备，其中，扬声器包括配重体，以及依次设置的下壳、中壳、电致振动片和球顶；所述下壳、所述中壳以及所述电致振动片配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片的第一表面相连接；所述球顶设置于所述电致振动片背离所述配重体的第二表面；当对所述电致振动片施加电压时，所述电致振动片驱动所述球顶移动。

Description

扬声器及电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年4月30日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010362949.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及电子器件领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，主流扬声器的实现原理为：当载流导体通过磁场时，会受到一个力，力与电流、磁场方向互相垂直，受力大小与电流、导线长度、磁通密度成正比。扬声器包括磁钢、音圈和振膜，当对音圈输入交变电流时，音圈受到一个交变推动力，从而产生交变运动，带动振膜振动，反复推动空气，使扬声器发声。
由于扬声器包括磁钢和线圈，磁钢和线圈产生的磁场会对扬声器周围的器件产生干扰。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种扬声器及电子设备，以解决目前扬声器的磁钢和线圈产生的磁场会对扬声器周围的器件产生干扰的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明实施例是这样实现的：
本发明实施例提供一种扬声器，包括配重体，以及依次设置的下壳、中壳、电致振动片和球顶；
所述下壳、所述中壳以及所述电致振动片配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片的第一表面相连接；
所述球顶设置于所述电致振动片背离所述配重体的第二表面；
当对所述电致振动片施加电压时，所述电致振动片驱动所述球顶移动。
进一步的，所述电致振动片为开设有第一通孔的环状结构件，所述球顶 覆盖于所述第一通孔。
进一步的，所述配重体为开设有第二通孔的环状结构件，且所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔相对分布。
进一步的，所述电致振动片为离子传导振动片；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第二电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第二方向移动；
其中，所述第一电压和所述第二电压极性相反，所述第一方向与所述第二方向反向。
进一步的，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动第一距离；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动第二距离；
其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一距离与所述第二距离不相同。
进一步的，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第一速率驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第二速率驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动；
其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一速率与所述第二速率不相同。
进一步的，所述电致振动片具有第一区域、第二区域和第三区域；
所述配重体设置于所述电致振动片的第一区域，所述电致振动片通过所述第二区域与所述中壳连接，所述第三区域位于所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间；
其中，所述电致振动片的第三区域沿朝向所述下壳的方向凹陷，或者，所述电致振动片的第三区域沿背离所述下壳的方向凹陷。
进一步的，所述中壳开设有第三通孔，所述配重体与所述中壳之间具有 间隙。
进一步的，所述第三通孔为沉台孔，且所述沉台孔的沉台位于所述中壳远离所述球顶的一端，在所述球顶的运动方向上，所述球顶和所述配重体的投影均位于所述沉台孔的投影之内。
进一步的，所述配重体的高度大于所述沉台孔的高度的一半，且所述配重体的高度小于所述沉台孔的高度。
进一步的，上述扬声器还包括振动片支架，所述振动片支架环设于所述电致振动片，所述电致振动片通过所述振动片支架与所述中壳固定连接。
本发明实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括上述所述的扬声器。
本发明实施例中，扬声器包括配重体，以及依次设置的下壳、中壳、电致振动片和球顶；所述下壳、所述中壳以及所述电致振动片配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片的第一表面相连接；所述球顶设置于所述电致振动片背离所述配重体的第二表面；当对所述电致振动片施加电压时，所述电致振动片驱动所述球顶移动。上述扬声器的结构中取消了磁钢和线圈结构，从而避免对扬声器周围的电路和器件产生磁场干扰，净化了扬声器周围的电路和器件的工作环境；同时，上述扬声器结构简单，占用空间小，可更加满足电子设备薄型化的需求。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的扬声器的结构示意图之一；
图2是本发明实施例提供的扬声器的结构示意图之二；
图3是本发明实施例提供的扬声器的部分结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的振动片的阳离子分布示意图之一；
图5是本发明实施例提供的振动片的阳离子分布示意图之二。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参见图1-图3，本实施例提供一种扬声器，包括配重体1，以及依次设置的下壳2、中壳3、电致振动片4和球顶5；所述下壳2、所述中壳3以及所述电致振动片4配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体1设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片4的第一表面相连接；所述球顶5设置于所述电致振动片4背离所述配重体1的第二表面；当对所述电致振动片4施加电压时，所述电致振动片4驱动所述球顶5移动。
在上述结构中，所述下壳2、所述中壳3以及所述电致振动片4配合形成容置腔体，配重体1设置于容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片4的第一表面相连接。例如，可采用粘结剂将配重体1与第一表面进行粘接，使得配重体1悬空在容置腔体内，这样，电致振动片4在带动球顶5移动时，也会带动配重体1一起移动，配重体1用于调整扬声器的谐振频率。当对所述电致振动片4施加电压时，电致振动片4驱动球顶5移动，从而可带动球顶5周边空气振动而发声。
本实施例中，扬声器包括配重体1，以及依次设置的下壳2、中壳3、电致振动片4和球顶5；所述下壳2、所述中壳3以及所述电致振动片4配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体1设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片4的第一表面相连接；所述球顶5设置于所述电致振动片4背离所述配重体1的第二表面；当对所述电致振动片4施加电压时，所述电致振动片4驱动所述球顶5移动。本实施例中的扬声器的结构中取消了磁钢和线圈结构，从而避免对扬声器周围的电路和器件产生磁场干扰，净化了扬声器周围的电路和器件的工作环境；同时，本实施例中的扬声器结构简单，占用空间小，可更加满足电子设备薄型化的需求。
进一步的，所述电致振动片4为离子传导振动片，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向移动；当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第二电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶5沿第二方向移动；其中，所述第一电压和所述第二电压极性相反，所述第一方向与所述第二方向反向，即所述第一方向与所述第二方向互为反方向，通过向离子传导振动片交替施加极性相反的电压，可 使得离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向和第二方向交替移动，从而带动球顶5周边空气振动而发声。
离子传导振动片为一种复合材料致动元件，例如软聚合物致动元件。可选的，离子传导振动片包括依次叠设的第一电极层、离子交换树脂层以及第二电极层，离子交换树脂层内具有聚合物电解质。
离子传导振动片可通过在离子交换树脂上相对的两个表面通过化学镀铜或者镀金等方式形成第一电极层和第二电极层，并且通过增大电极表面积来提高位移性能。通过对振动片4施加电压，聚合物电解质中的阳离子移动到阴极侧，引起振动片4正面和背面溶胀的差异，这种差异可使得振动片4发生形变，交替改变施加在振动片4上的电压方向，可使得振动片4的形变方向交替改变，从而产生振动。振动幅度可为0.1毫米到10毫米，振动幅度可以通过设置振动片4的厚度和调节通过振动片4的电流大小进行控制。
图4所示为振动片4中通过正方向电流时，振动片4中阳离子分布示意图，其中，阳离子移动到振动片4的阴极侧(即图4中振动片4的下侧)，振动片4向上移动，并带动球顶5向上移动，图4中A所示为振动片4的移动方向。
图5所示为振动片4中通过负方向电流时，振动片4中阳离子分布示意图，其中，阳离子移动到振动片4的阴极侧(即图5中振动片4的上侧)，振动片4向下移动，并带动球顶5向下移动，图5中B所示为振动片4的移动方向。
通过对离子传导振动片施加电压，离子传导振动片的聚合物电解质中的阳离子移动到阴极侧，引起正面和背面溶胀的差异，使得离子传导振动片产生形变。当对离子传导振动片施加交流电时，离子传导振动片会带动球顶5往复振动，从而带动球顶5周边空气振动而发声。
例如，在需要监控电子设备散热的场景下，通过电子设备内的温度传感器对温度进行监控，达到需散热的温度点后，电子设备向振动片4输出约为0.05W的低功耗电信号，通电的振动片4便可往复振动，从而带动周边振动而发声，从而提醒用户电子设备的温度较高，需要散热，以避免设备损坏。
在需要自动散热的场景下，通过电子设备内的温度传感器对温度进行监 控，达到需散热的温度点后，电子设备向振动片4输出约为0.05W的低功耗电信号，通电的振动片4便可往复振动，从而带动周边振动而发声，并带动周边空气流动进行散热。
进一步的，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向移动第一距离；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向移动第二距离；
其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一距离与所述第二距离不相同，例如，第二距离可大于第一距离。当需要球顶5移动较大距离时，可通过向离子传导振动片施加较大电压来驱动球顶5移动较大距离；当需要球顶5移动较小距离时，可通过向离子传导振动片施加较大电压来驱动球顶5移动较小距离。施加于离子传导振动片的电压大小与球顶5的移动距离之间具有对应关系，在确定球顶5需要移动的距离的情况下，可根据该对应关系来确定施加于离子传导振动片的电压大小。当然，在本发明的其他实施例中，第二距离可以小于第一距离。
进一步的，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第一速率驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向移动；
当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第二速率驱动所述球顶5沿第一方向移动；
其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一速率与所述第二速率不相同。例如，第二速率可小于第一速率。当需要球顶5移动速率较大时，可通过向离子传导振动片施加较大电压来驱动球顶5以较大速率进行移动；当需要球顶5移动速率较小时，可通过向离子传导振动片施加较小电压来驱动球顶5以较小速率进行移动。当然，在本发明其他的实施方式中，第二速率可以大于第一速率。本发明中，施加于离子传导振动片的电压大小与球顶5的移动速率之间具有对应关系，在确定球顶5需要移动的速率的情况下，可根据该对应关系来确定施加于离子传导振动片的电压大小。
扬声器可包括发声模式和振动模式这两个工作模式，在发声模式下，施 加于所述离子传导振动片的电压可为极***替变换的第四电压，第四电压的电压值较大，可驱动球顶5快速移动，实现球顶5高频振动，从而带动球顶5周围空气振动而发声；在振动模式下，施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压可为极***替变换的第五电压，第五电压的电压值较小，驱动球顶5移动，实现球顶5的低频振动，复用作振动马达。
如图1所示，下壳2和中壳3固定连接，具体可采用焊接的方式进行连接，下壳2和中壳3起到支撑作用。如图2所示，所述电致振动片4为开设有第一通孔的环状结构件，所述球顶5覆盖于所述第一通孔。电致振动片4与球顶5可为可拆卸连接，例如采用粘合剂将电致振动片4与球顶5粘合在一起，在球顶5发生故障时，便于更换球顶5。
进一步的，所述配重体1为开设有第二通孔的环状结构件，且所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔相对分布。配重体1用于调整扬声器谐振频率，配重体1具有一定的重量，重量大小可根据实际情况进行设置，在此不做限定。配重体1可与电致振动片4粘合在一起。配重体1可为矩形、椭圆形等等，这样可使得电致振动片4受到的配重体1的作用力是均匀的。
进一步的，所述电致振动片4具有第一区域、第二区域和第三区域；
所述配重体1设置于所述电致振动片4的第一区域，所述电致振动片4通过所述第二区域与所述中壳3连接，所述第三区域位于所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间；
其中，所述电致振动片4的第三区域沿朝向所述下壳2的方向凹陷，或者，所述电致振动片4的第三区域沿背离所述下壳2的方向凹陷。
第一区域、第二区域和第三区域位于电致振动片4的第一表面，配重体1与电致振动片4的第一区域连接，具体可为粘接；中壳3与电致振动片4的第二区域连接，所述电致振动片4的第三区域沿朝向所述下壳2的方向凹陷，或者，所述电致振动片4的第三区域沿背离所述下壳2的方向凹陷，使得第三区域形成一个弯曲的弧度，便于电致振动片4在形变情况下，带动球顶5往复移动。
如图2所示，所述中壳3开设有第三通孔，所述配重体1与所述中壳3之间具有间隙，使得配重体1悬置在所述容置腔体中，避免电致振动片4在 发生形变带动球顶5朝向下壳2移动时，中壳3对电致振动片4的移动产生阻碍。配重体1可通过自身的重力对电致振动片4产生作用力，调整球顶5的谐振频率。
进一步的，所述第三通孔为沉台孔，且所述沉台孔的沉台位于所述中壳3远离所述球顶5的一端，在所述球顶5的运动方向上，所述球顶5和所述配重体1的投影均位于所述沉台孔的投影之内，这样，配重体1和球顶5可在沉台孔的孔中往复移动。所述配重体1的高度大于所述沉台孔的高度的一半，且所述配重体1的高度小于所述沉台孔的高度，使得配重体1可悬置在沉台孔中，可随着球顶5的移动而移动。
如图2所述，所述扬声器还包括振动片支架，所述振动片支架环设于所述电致振动片4上，所述电致振动片4通过所述振动片支架与所述中壳3固定连接，振动片支架可采用价格低廉的绝缘材料制作，以节省电致振动片4的用量，降低扬声器的成本。
本申请实施例中，还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述实施例中的扬声器。由于上述扬声器的结构中没有磁钢和线圈，不会对扬声器周围的电路和器件产生磁场干扰，净化了扬声器周围的电路和器件的工作环境；同时，上述扬声器结构简单，占用空间小，可更加满足电子设备薄型化的需求。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种扬声器，包括配重体，以及依次设置的下壳、中壳、电致振动片和球顶；
    所述下壳、所述中壳以及所述电致振动片配合形成容置腔体，所述配重体设置于所述容置腔体内，且与所述电致振动片的第一表面相连接；
    所述球顶设置于所述电致振动片背离所述配重体的第二表面；
    当对所述电致振动片施加电压时，所述电致振动片驱动所述球顶移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其中，所述电致振动片为开设有第一通孔的环状结构件，所述球顶覆盖于所述第一通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器，其中，所述配重体为开设有第二通孔的环状结构件，且所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔相对分布。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其中，所述电致振动片为离子传导振动片；
    当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动；
    当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第二电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第二方向移动；
    其中，所述第一电压和所述第二电压极性相反，所述第一方向与所述第二方向反向。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器，其中，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动第一距离；
    当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动第二距离；
    其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一距离与所述第二距离不相同。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器，其中，当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第一电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第一速率驱动所述球顶沿第一 方向移动；
    当施加于所述离子传导振动片的电压为第三电压时，所述离子传导振动片以第二速率驱动所述球顶沿第一方向移动；
    其中，所述第一电压和所述第三电压极性相同，且所述第三电压大于所述第一电压，所述第一速率与所述第二速率不相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其中，所述电致振动片具有第一区域、第二区域和第三区域；
    所述配重体设置于所述电致振动片的第一区域，所述电致振动片通过所述第二区域与所述中壳连接，所述第三区域位于所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间；
    其中，所述电致振动片的第三区域沿朝向所述下壳的方向凹陷，或者，所述电致振动片的第三区域沿背离所述下壳的方向凹陷。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其中，所述中壳开设有第三通孔，所述配重体与所述中壳之间具有间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的扬声器，其中，所述第三通孔为沉台孔，且所述沉台孔的沉台位于所述中壳远离所述球顶的一端，在所述球顶的运动方向上，所述球顶和所述配重体的投影均位于所述沉台孔的投影之内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器，其中，所述配重体的高度大于所述沉台孔的高度的一半，且所述配重体的高度小于所述沉台孔的高度。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，还包括振动片支架，所述振动片支架环设于所述电致振动片，所述电致振动片通过所述振动片支架与所述中壳固定连接。
  12. 一种电子设备，包括权利要求1-11中任一项所述的扬声器。
PCT/CN2021/089549 2020-04-30 2021-04-25 扬声器及电子设备 WO2021218841A1 (zh)

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US11871200B2 (en) 2024-01-09
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