WO2021212951A1 - Geological radar-based riverbed sediment distribution detection device, system and method - Google Patents

Geological radar-based riverbed sediment distribution detection device, system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021212951A1
WO2021212951A1 PCT/CN2021/074115 CN2021074115W WO2021212951A1 WO 2021212951 A1 WO2021212951 A1 WO 2021212951A1 CN 2021074115 W CN2021074115 W CN 2021074115W WO 2021212951 A1 WO2021212951 A1 WO 2021212951A1
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Prior art keywords
control valve
geological radar
intake
detection device
river
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PCT/CN2021/074115
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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赵贵章
孙万里
乔翠平
闫永帅
索奎
胡梦蛟
郭一博
郭鹏哲
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华北水利水电大学
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Publication of WO2021212951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021212951A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
    • G01C7/02—Tracing profiles of land surfaces
    • G01C7/04—Tracing profiles of land surfaces involving a vehicle which moves along the profile to be traced
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of riverbed sediment detection, and particularly relates to a geological radar-based detection device, system and method for the distribution of riverbed sediments.
  • drilling holes are used to expose the lithological structure of the river bed, but it is easy to disturb the silt layer during the sampling process, destroy the silt layer structure, and make it impossible to accurately evaluate the permeability characteristics of the silt layer.
  • the unevenness of the riverbed sedimentation can not be described by only drilling holes.
  • the present invention proposes a geological radar-based detection device, system and method for the distribution of riverbed sediments, which can realize accurate and reliable detection of riverbed shape, river water temperature and riverbed sediment distribution. , To provide powerful data support for calculating the exchange volume between rivers and groundwater.
  • the invention provides a detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar, including:
  • the lifting mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body, and the airtight cabin is raised and lowered in the river through water intake and drainage;
  • the temperature and pressure collection mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin to measure the depth of river water and the temperature of different river water depths;
  • the geological radar detection mechanism is installed inside the sealed cabin to detect the siltation layer and sedimentary layer of the river bed;
  • the data acquisition and control lower-level computer is installed inside the sealed cabin and connected with the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism respectively.
  • the sealed cabin includes a floor and an outer shell, the outer shell and the floor are connected by a flange, the floor adopts an acrylic plate, the outer shell is welded by a stainless steel plate, and a plurality of hooks are provided on the top of the outer shell.
  • the two counterweight walls divide the internal space of the sealed cabin into three parts, namely a left inlet and drainage cavity, a middle storage cavity, and a right inlet and drainage cavity.
  • the lifting mechanism includes an intake/drainage control valve one, an intake/drainage control valve two, an intake/exhaust control valve one, an intake/exhaust control valve two, and an internal intake/exhaust pipe.
  • the first control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing.
  • the first intake/exhaust control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are respectively installed on two counterweight walls.
  • the first control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are communicated with each other through an internal intake/exhaust pipe.
  • an external intake/exhaust pipe which passes through the top of the housing through a gas pipe sealing ring and communicates with the internal intake/exhaust pipe.
  • the temperature and pressure collection mechanism includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing.
  • the geological radar detection mechanism is located in the lower part of the intermediate storage cavity, and includes a geological radar antenna, a geological radar antenna fixing frame and a geological radar antenna damping block, and the geological radar antenna is fixed on the geological radar antenna fixing frame.
  • the geological radar antenna fixing frame is fixed on the floor through the geological radar antenna damping block; a geological radar connection line sealing interface is provided on the top of the shell.
  • the data acquisition and control lower computer is located in the upper part of the middle storage cavity, and is fixed on the baffle through the controller damping block; the data acquisition and control main line derived from the data acquisition and control lower computer passes through the data acquisition
  • the sealing ring with the control main line passes through the top of the housing; the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, inlet/outlet control valve one, inlet/outlet control valve two, inlet/exhaust control valve one, and inlet/exhaust control valve two pass through
  • the cables are all connected with the data acquisition and control lower computer.
  • the present invention also provides a detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar, which includes the above-mentioned detection device, a ship, a lifting device, a geological radar host, and a data acquisition and control host computer; the lifting device, the geological radar host, and The data acquisition and control upper computer are all set on the ship, the lifting device is connected with the detection device, the geological radar host is connected to the geological radar antenna through the geological radar connection line, and the data acquisition and control host computer is through the data acquisition and control main line Connect with the data acquisition and control lower computer.
  • the present invention also provides a method for detecting the distribution of riverbed sediments based on geological radar, which includes the following steps:
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the geological radar-based riverbed sediment distribution detection device of the present invention uses a pressure sensor to measure the depth of the river to determine the riverbed form, uses a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the river at different depths, and then uses the geological radar antenna to cooperate with the geological radar host to detect the riverbed sediment Distribution characteristics: Compared with drilling technology, the device can detect riverbed sediments more accurately and reliably, and is more in line with the actual distribution of riverbed sediments, providing powerful data support for calculating the exchange volume between rivers and groundwater.
  • inlet/outlet control valve 1 Through inlet/outlet control valve 1, inlet/outlet control valve 2, inlet/exhaust control valve 1, inlet/exhaust control valve 2 and internal inlet/exhaust pipes, the airtight cabin can be lifted and lowered in the river.
  • the mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low cost, convenient use, and easy disassembly and assembly.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for riverbed sediment distribution based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system for riverbed sediment distribution based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for detecting the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a result diagram of the distribution characteristics of riverbed sediments at the Hancun section of Guohe in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Inlet/drain control valve one 202. Inlet/drain control valve two, 203. Inlet/exhaust control valve one, 204. Inlet/exhaust control valve two, 205. Internal intake/exhaust pipe, 206. External Inlet/exhaust pipe, 207. Air pipe sealing ring;
  • Geological radar antenna 402. Geological radar antenna fixing frame, 403. Geological radar antenna damping block, 404. Geological radar connection line sealing interface, 405. Geological radar connection line;
  • the geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments in this embodiment includes a sealed cabin, a lifting mechanism, a temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism, a geological radar detection mechanism, and a data acquisition and control lower-level computer 501.
  • the lifting mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body, and the airtight cabin is raised and lowered in the river through water intake and drainage; the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body to measure the river water depth and the temperature of different river water depths; geological radar detection The mechanism is installed inside the sealed cabin to detect the riverbed siltation layer 703 and the riverbed sedimentary layer 704; the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is installed inside the sealed cabin, and is connected to the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism respectively.
  • the airtight cabin includes a floor and a shell 102, which are designed by combining metal and non-metal materials.
  • the floor is made of 15mm acrylic plate 101, and the shell 102 is welded by stainless steel plates.
  • the metal shell 102 and the acrylic plate 101 are made of Lan connection, with sealing washer and sealant in the middle; mounting holes are reserved in the corresponding position of the metal shell 102, the reserved mounting holes include inlet/drain control valve mounting holes, temperature sensor mounting holes, pressure sensor mounting holes, and data acquisition Sealing hole with control main line, geological radar connecting line sealing hole and tracheal sealing hole.
  • a plurality of hooks 103 are provided on the top of the housing 102 to facilitate the lifting of the entire sealed cabin.
  • the detection device 8 also includes two counterweight walls.
  • Each counterweight wall is composed of multiple counterweight blocks 104.
  • the number and weight of the counterweight blocks 104 can mainly make the sealed cabin suspended on the water surface. Assemble and debug to determine the number of counterweight 104.
  • the two counterweight walls divide the internal space of the sealed cabin into three parts, namely the left inlet and drainage cavity 105, the middle storage cavity 106 and the right inlet and drainage cavity 107, the left inlet and drainage cavity 105 and the right inlet and drainage cavity.
  • the body 107 can store water or drain out, and the intermediate storage cavity 106 is used to store the geological radar detection mechanism and the data acquisition and control lower computer 501.
  • the lifting mechanism includes intake/drainage control valve one 201, intake/drainage control valve two 202, intake/exhaust control valve one 203, intake/exhaust control valve two 204, and internal intake/exhaust pipe 205.
  • the first control valve 201 and the second intake/discharge control valve 202 are installed on the inlet/discharge control valve installation holes on the left and right sides of the housing 102, respectively.
  • the first intake/exhaust control valve 203 and the second intake/exhaust control valve 204 are installed separately On the two counterweight walls, the first intake/exhaust control valve 203 and the second intake/exhaust control valve 204 are connected through an internal intake/exhaust pipe 205.
  • the lifting and lowering of the airtight cabin in the river is mainly realized by water intake and drainage.
  • the airtight cabin needs to sink into the water, open the water inlet control valve 1, the water inlet control valve 2, the exhaust control valve 1 and the exhaust control valve 2, and the river water Enter the left inlet and drain cavity 105 and the right inlet and drain cavity 107, the sealed cabin slowly sinks to the bottom, on the contrary, open the drainage control valve 1, drainage control valve 2, intake control valve 1 and intake control valve 2, and the river water passes through the direct current
  • the submersible pump is discharged from the left inlet and drain cavity 105 and the right inlet and drain cavity 107, and the airtight chamber rises slowly.
  • the DC submersible pump for drainage uses a 12V battery for power supply.
  • the control part mainly uses a relay to switch on and off to improve control. Reliability. It also includes an external intake/exhaust pipe 206.
  • a gas pipe sealing ring 207 is installed on the sealing hole of the gas pipe.
  • the temperature and pressure collection mechanism includes a temperature sensor 301 and a pressure sensor 302, which are respectively installed on the temperature sensor mounting holes and pressure sensor mounting holes on the left and right sides of the housing 102.
  • the temperature sensor 301 is used to measure the temperature of the river at different depths
  • the pressure sensor 302 is used to measure the depth of the river.
  • the temperature sensor 301 uses a fast-response thermistor to measure the river water temperature
  • the pressure sensor 302 uses a relative pressure sensor, which compares with the atmospheric pressure and calculates the river water depth through the pressure value.
  • the temperature and pressure data collection is mainly through 4 ⁇
  • the 20mA current change is realized, and the sampling interval of temperature and pressure can be set at the same time.
  • the geological radar detection mechanism is located in the lower part of the intermediate storage cavity 106, and includes a geological radar antenna 401, a geological radar antenna fixing frame 402 and a geological radar antenna damping block 403.
  • the geological radar antenna 401 is fixed on the geological radar antenna fixing frame 402.
  • the radar antenna fixing frame 402 is fixed on the floor by the ground penetrating radar antenna damping block 403; the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing interface 404 is installed on the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing hole, and the ground penetrating radar connecting line 405 passes through the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing interface 404 out.
  • the geological radar antenna 401 can detect the riverbed sedimentation layer 703 and the riverbed sedimentation layer 704. In order to reduce electromagnetic interference, a 400MHz shielded antenna is preferred.
  • the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is located in the upper part of the middle storage cavity 106, and is fixed on the partition 503 by the controller damping block 502, and the data acquisition and control main line sealing ring 505 is installed on the sealing hole of the data acquisition and control main line ,
  • the data acquisition and control main line 504 drawn from the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 passes through the data acquisition and control main line sealing ring 505.
  • the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is provided with a temperature sensor connection connector 601, a pressure sensor connection connector 602, a water inlet control connection connector 603, a drainage control connection connector 604, an air intake control connection connector 605, and an air outlet control connection connector 606.
  • the sensor 301 is connected to the temperature sensor connection connector 601 through the temperature sensor connection line, and the pressure sensor 302 is connected to the pressure sensor connection connector 602 through the pressure sensor connection line.
  • Water control connection connector 603, drainage control valve one and drainage control valve two are connected to the drainage control connection connector 604 through the drainage control line, and the intake control valve one and the intake control valve two are connected to the intake control connection connector through the intake control line 605, the first gas outlet control valve and the second gas outlet control valve are connected to the gas outlet control connection joint 606 through the gas outlet control line.
  • this embodiment also provides a geological radar-based detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments, including the above-mentioned detection device 8, a ship, a lifting device, a geological radar host 10, and a data acquisition and control host computer 11
  • the lifting device, the geological radar host 10 and the data acquisition and control host computer 11 are all set on the ship, the lifting device is connected to the detection device 8, and the geological radar host 10 is connected to the geological radar antenna 401 through the geological radar connection line 405,
  • the data acquisition and control upper computer 11 on the ship is connected to the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 in the detection device 8 through the data acquisition and control main line 504.
  • the lifting device includes a bearing column 901, a lifting ratchet 902, a horizontal cantilever 903, a pulley 904 and a wire rope 905; a bearing column 901 is installed vertically on the ship, a lifting ratchet 902 is installed on the bearing column 901, and a horizontal cantilever 903 is installed on the top of the bearing column 901. A pulley 904 is installed at both ends of the horizontal cantilever 903.
  • the wire rope 905 drawn from the lifting ratchet 902 passes through the pulley 904 of the horizontal cantilever 903 to the hook 103 on the top of the detection device 8.
  • the detection device 8 is raised, and the wire rope 905 at both ends of the detection device 8 is adjusted.
  • the detection device 8 is leveled. Place the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 on the edge of the ship to prevent people from stepping on it and affect the intake and exhaust effect.
  • this embodiment also provides a geological radar-based detection method for the distribution of riverbed sediments, including the following steps:
  • step S31 a typical river section 701 is selected, and the river hydrology and river bed changes of the section are collected. In particular, it is necessary to investigate whether the section has been artificially modified.
  • Step S32 assembling and debugging a detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on the ground penetrating radar;
  • the inlet/outlet control valve one 201, the inlet/outlet control valve two 202, the inlet/exhaust control valve one 203, the inlet/exhaust control valve two 204, the air pipe sealing ring 207, and the geological radar connection line seal on the installation hole.
  • the temperature sensor 301 is connected to the temperature sensor connection connector 601 through the temperature sensor connection line, and the pressure sensor 302 is connected through the pressure sensor connection line Connect to the pressure sensor connection connector 602, the inlet control valve one and the inlet control valve two are connected to the inlet control connection connector 603 through the inlet control line, and the drainage control valve one and the drainage control valve two are connected to the drainage control through the drainage control line Connect the joint 604, the intake control valve one and the intake control valve two are connected to the intake control connection joint 605 through the intake control line, and the outlet control valve one and the outlet control valve two are connected to the outlet control connection joint 606 through the outlet control line;
  • the internal intake/exhaust pipe 205 connecting the intake/exhaust control valve one 203 and the intake/exhaust control valve two 204 is connected to the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 through the air pipe sealing ring 207; the data is connected
  • the ground penetrating radar antenna 401 is fixed on the acrylic board 101 through the ground penetrating radar antenna damping block 403 and the ground penetrating radar antenna fixing frame 402, and then the acrylic board 101 is mounted on the detection device 8.
  • the ground ground radar antenna 401 grounds the ground quality radar host 10 through the ground ground radar connection line 405.
  • step S32 the assembled and debugged detection device 8 is transported to the test site, and the detection work is carried out.
  • the specific implementation process of the detection work is as follows:
  • the wire rope 905 drawn from the lifting ratchet 902 is connected to the hook 103 of the detection device 8 through the pulley 904 of the horizontal cantilever 903, which can be lifted Set up the detection device 8, adjust the wire ropes 905 at both ends of the detection device 8 to make the detection device 8 level;
  • the geological radar host 10 is connected to the geological radar antenna 401 through the geological radar connection line 405, and the data acquisition and control on board the upper computer 11 through the data acquisition and
  • the control main line 504 is connected with the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 in the detection device 8;
  • the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 is placed on the edge of the ship to prevent people from stepping on it.
  • the first drain control valve, the second drain control valve, the first intake control valve, and the second intake control valve are opened, and the detection device 8 slowly rises to the river surface 702.
  • the fishing boat 12 is driven to reach the next preset detection position to start detection, and data such as the coordinates of the detection position, the river bottom temperature and the river bottom pressure are recorded until all the preset detection positions are detected.

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Abstract

A geological radar-based riverbed sediment distribution detection device (8), system and method. The detection device (8) comprises a sealed compartment; a lifting mechanism mounted on a sealed compartment body, enabling the sealed compartment to be lifted up and down in a river by means of water intake and water discharge; a temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism mounted on the sealed compartment body and used for measuring river water depths and temperatures at different river water depths; a geological radar detection mechanism mounted inside the sealed compartment and used for detecting a riverbed silting layer (703) and deposit layer (704); and a data acquisition and control lower computer (501) mounted inside the sealed compartment and respectively connected to the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism. The present invention can achieve accurate and reliable detection of riverbed forms, river water temperature and distribution of riverbed sediments, and provides strong data support for calculating the exchange capacity of river flow and underground water.

Description

基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置、***及方法Detection device, system and method of riverbed sediment distribution based on geological radar 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于河床沉积物探测技术领域，特别涉及一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置、***及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of riverbed sediment detection, and particularly relates to a geological radar-based detection device, system and method for the distribution of riverbed sediments.
背景技术Background technique
研究河流与地下水相互转化过程中定量评价其之间的转换量，成为地下水资源评价的重点和难点。尤其针对平原区河流水力坡降小，水流速缓慢，细颗粒大量沉积，导致河床的淤积层增厚。由于淤积层的渗透系数小于0.1m/d，使得河流与地下水之间既是存在水力坡度，其交换量微乎其微。因此，查明河床沉积物分布规律，对计算河流与地下水的交换量至关重要。Studying the quantitative evaluation of the conversion between rivers and groundwater in the process of mutual conversion has become the focus and difficulty of groundwater resources evaluation. Especially for rivers in plain areas, the hydraulic slope is small, the water velocity is slow, and a large number of fine particles are deposited, which leads to thickening of the silt layer of the river bed. Since the permeability coefficient of the silt layer is less than 0.1m/d, there is a hydraulic gradient between the river and the groundwater, and the exchange volume is very small. Therefore, finding out the distribution law of riverbed sediments is very important for calculating the exchange volume between rivers and groundwater.
传统的主要利用钻孔揭露河床岩性结构，但在取样过程中很容易扰动淤积层，破坏淤积层结构，致使不能准确评价淤积层的渗透特性。同时，由于河流动力学特性，使得河床沉积的不均匀性，仅利用钻孔是无法描述其在空间上的分布特征。Traditionally, drilling holes are used to expose the lithological structure of the river bed, but it is easy to disturb the silt layer during the sampling process, destroy the silt layer structure, and make it impossible to accurately evaluate the permeability characteristics of the silt layer. At the same time, due to the dynamic characteristics of the river, the unevenness of the riverbed sedimentation can not be described by only drilling holes.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提出了一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置、***及方法，可以实现河床形态、河水温度和河床沉积物分布的准确、可靠的探测，为计算河流与地下水的交换量提供有力的数据支撑。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a geological radar-based detection device, system and method for the distribution of riverbed sediments, which can realize accurate and reliable detection of riverbed shape, river water temperature and riverbed sediment distribution. , To provide powerful data support for calculating the exchange volume between rivers and groundwater.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，包括：The invention provides a detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar, including:
密封舱；Sealed cabin
升降机构，安装在密封舱舱体上，通过进水和排水使密封舱在河流中升降；The lifting mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body, and the airtight cabin is raised and lowered in the river through water intake and drainage;
温度压力采集机构，安装在密封舱舱体上，用于测量河水深度以及不同河水深度的温度；The temperature and pressure collection mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin to measure the depth of river water and the temperature of different river water depths;
地质雷达探测机构，安装在密封舱的内部，用于探测河床淤积层和沉积层；The geological radar detection mechanism is installed inside the sealed cabin to detect the siltation layer and sedimentary layer of the river bed;
以及数据采集与控制下位机，安装在密封舱的内部，分别与升降机构和温度压力采集机构连接。And the data acquisition and control lower-level computer is installed inside the sealed cabin and connected with the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism respectively.
进一步地，所述密封舱包括地板和外壳，所述外壳与地板通过法兰连接，所述地板采用亚克力板，所述外壳采用不锈钢板焊接而成，所述外壳的顶部设置有多个挂钩。Further, the sealed cabin includes a floor and an outer shell, the outer shell and the floor are connected by a flange, the floor adopts an acrylic plate, the outer shell is welded by a stainless steel plate, and a plurality of hooks are provided on the top of the outer shell.
进一步地，还包括两面配重墙，两面配重墙将密封舱的内部空间划分为三部分，分别是左进排水腔体、中间储物腔体和右进排水腔体。Further, it also includes two counterweight walls. The two counterweight walls divide the internal space of the sealed cabin into three parts, namely a left inlet and drainage cavity, a middle storage cavity, and a right inlet and drainage cavity.
进一步地，所述升降机构包括进/排水控制阀一、进/排水控制阀二、进/排气控制阀一、进/排气控制阀二和内部进/排气管，所述进/排水控制阀一和进/排水控制阀二分别安装在外壳的左右侧，所述进/排气控制阀一和进/排气控制阀二分别安装在两面配重墙上，所述进/排气控制阀一与进/排气控制阀二通过内部进/排气管相连通。Further, the lifting mechanism includes an intake/drainage control valve one, an intake/drainage control valve two, an intake/exhaust control valve one, an intake/exhaust control valve two, and an internal intake/exhaust pipe. The first control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing. The first intake/exhaust control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are respectively installed on two counterweight walls. The first control valve and the second intake/exhaust control valve are communicated with each other through an internal intake/exhaust pipe.
进一步地，还包括外部进/排气管，所述外部进/排气管通过气管密封环从外壳的顶部穿出，并与内部进/排气管相连通。Further, it also includes an external intake/exhaust pipe, which passes through the top of the housing through a gas pipe sealing ring and communicates with the internal intake/exhaust pipe.
进一步地，所述温度压力采集机构包括温度传感器和压力传感器，分别安装在外壳的左右侧。Further, the temperature and pressure collection mechanism includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing.
进一步地，所述地质雷达探测机构位于中间储物腔体的下部，包括地质雷达天线、地质雷达天线固定架和地质雷达天线减震块，所述地质雷达天线固定在地质雷达天线固定架上，所述地质雷达天线固定架通过地质雷达天线减震块固定在地板上；在所述外壳的顶部设置有地质雷达连接线密封接口。Further, the geological radar detection mechanism is located in the lower part of the intermediate storage cavity, and includes a geological radar antenna, a geological radar antenna fixing frame and a geological radar antenna damping block, and the geological radar antenna is fixed on the geological radar antenna fixing frame. The geological radar antenna fixing frame is fixed on the floor through the geological radar antenna damping block; a geological radar connection line sealing interface is provided on the top of the shell.
进一步地，所述数据采集与控制下位机位于中间储物腔体的上部，并通过控制器减震块固定在隔板上；从数据采集与控制下位机引出的数据采集与控制主线通过数据采集与控制主线密封环从外壳的顶部穿出；所述温度传感器、压力传感器、进/排水控制阀一、进/排水控制阀二、进/排气控制阀一、进/排气控制阀二通过线缆均与数据采集与控制下位机连接。Further, the data acquisition and control lower computer is located in the upper part of the middle storage cavity, and is fixed on the baffle through the controller damping block; the data acquisition and control main line derived from the data acquisition and control lower computer passes through the data acquisition The sealing ring with the control main line passes through the top of the housing; the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, inlet/outlet control valve one, inlet/outlet control valve two, inlet/exhaust control valve one, and inlet/exhaust control valve two pass through The cables are all connected with the data acquisition and control lower computer.
本发明还提供了一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测***，包括上述的探测装置、船、升降装置、地质雷达主机和数据采集与控制上位机；所述升降装置、地质雷达主机和数据采集与控制上位机均设置在船上，所述升降装置与探测装置连接，所述地质雷达主机通过地质雷达连接线与地质雷达天线连接，所述数据采集与控制上位机通过数据采集与控制主线与数据采集与控制下位机连接。The present invention also provides a detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar, which includes the above-mentioned detection device, a ship, a lifting device, a geological radar host, and a data acquisition and control host computer; the lifting device, the geological radar host, and The data acquisition and control upper computer are all set on the ship, the lifting device is connected with the detection device, the geological radar host is connected to the geological radar antenna through the geological radar connection line, and the data acquisition and control host computer is through the data acquisition and control main line Connect with the data acquisition and control lower computer.
本发明还提供了一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测方法，包含以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for detecting the distribution of riverbed sediments based on geological radar, which includes the following steps:
选择典型河流断面，收集河流水文、河床变迁的材料；Select typical river sections and collect materials on river hydrology and river bed changes;
组装与调试基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置；Assemble and debug the detection device of riverbed sediment distribution based on geological radar;
开始探测工作，将船开到预先设定探测位置，利用升降装置将探测装置放到河水面，打开进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二、排气控制阀一和排气控制阀二，探测装置缓慢沉入水底，打开地质雷达主机开始探测，同时记录河水温度和河底水压力；Start the detection work, drive the boat to the preset detection position, use the lifting device to put the detection device on the river surface, open the water inlet control valve 1, the water inlet control valve 2, the exhaust control valve 1 and the exhaust control valve 2. The detection device slowly sinks to the bottom, turn on the geological radar host to start detection, and record the river water temperature and river bottom water pressure at the same time;
探测完成后，打开排水控制阀一、排水控制阀二、进气控制阀一和进气控制阀二，探测装置缓慢上浮至河水面；After the detection is completed, open the drainage control valve 1, drainage control valve 2, intake control valve one and intake control valve two, and the detection device slowly rises to the surface of the river;
开动船达到下一个预设探测位置开始探测，直至探测完所有预设探测位置。Drive the ship to the next preset detection position and start detection until all preset detection positions have been detected.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，利用压力传感器测量河水深度，以确定河床形态，利用温度传感器测量河流不同深度的温度，再利用地质雷达天线配合地质雷达主机探测河床沉积物分布特征，该装置对河床沉积物的探测相较于钻孔技术，测量更加准确、可靠，更符合河床沉积物分布的实际情况，为计算河流与地下水的交换量提供有力的数据支撑。The geological radar-based riverbed sediment distribution detection device of the present invention uses a pressure sensor to measure the depth of the river to determine the riverbed form, uses a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the river at different depths, and then uses the geological radar antenna to cooperate with the geological radar host to detect the riverbed sediment Distribution characteristics: Compared with drilling technology, the device can detect riverbed sediments more accurately and reliably, and is more in line with the actual distribution of riverbed sediments, providing powerful data support for calculating the exchange volume between rivers and groundwater.
通过进/排水控制阀一、进/排水控制阀二、进/排气控制阀一、进/排气控制阀二和内部进/排气管可以实现密封舱在河流里面的升降，这种升降机构具有结构简单、设计合理、成本较低、使用方便、便于拆装等优点。Through inlet/outlet control valve 1, inlet/outlet control valve 2, inlet/exhaust control valve 1, inlet/exhaust control valve 2 and internal inlet/exhaust pipes, the airtight cabin can be lifted and lowered in the river. The mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low cost, convenient use, and easy disassembly and assembly.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明实施例的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for riverbed sediment distribution based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测***的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system for riverbed sediment distribution based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测方法的流程图；3 is a flowchart of a method for detecting the distribution of riverbed sediments based on a geological radar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例的涡河韩村断面的河床沉积物分布特征的成果图。Fig. 4 is a result diagram of the distribution characteristics of riverbed sediments at the Hancun section of Guohe in an embodiment of the present invention.
图中序号所代表的含义为：The meaning of the serial number in the figure is:
101.亚克力板，102.外壳，103.挂钩，104.配重块，105.左进排水腔体，106.中间储物腔体，107.右进排水腔体；101. Acrylic board, 102. Shell, 103. Hook, 104. Counterweight, 105. Left into the drainage cavity, 106. Middle storage cavity, 107. Right into the drainage cavity;
201.进/排水控制阀一，202.进/排水控制阀二，203.进/排气控制阀一，204.进/排气控制阀二，205.内部进/排气管，206.外部进/排气管，207.气管密封环；201. Inlet/drain control valve one, 202. Inlet/drain control valve two, 203. Inlet/exhaust control valve one, 204. Inlet/exhaust control valve two, 205. Internal intake/exhaust pipe, 206. External Inlet/exhaust pipe, 207. Air pipe sealing ring;
301.温度传感器，302.压力传感器；301. Temperature sensor, 302. Pressure sensor;
401.地质雷达天线，402.地质雷达天线固定架，403.地质雷达天线减震块，404.地质雷达连接线密封接口，405.地质雷达连接线；401. Geological radar antenna, 402. Geological radar antenna fixing frame, 403. Geological radar antenna damping block, 404. Geological radar connection line sealing interface, 405. Geological radar connection line;
501.数据采集与控制下位机，502.控制器减震块，503.隔板，504.数据采集与控制主线；505.数据采集与控制主线密封环；501. Data acquisition and control lower computer, 502. Controller shock-absorbing block, 503. Separator, 504. Data acquisition and control main line; 505. Data acquisition and control main line sealing ring;
601.温度传感器连接接头，602.压力传感器连接接头，603.进水控制连接接头，604.排水控 制连接接头，605.进气控制连接接头，606.出气控制连接接头；601. Temperature sensor connection joint, 602. Pressure sensor connection joint, 603. Water inlet control connection joint, 604. Drainage control connection joint, 605. Intake control connection joint, 606. Outflow control connection joint;
701.河流断面，702.河水面，703.河床淤积层，704.河床沉积层，705.河床沉积物；701. River section, 702. River water surface, 703. Riverbed siltation layer, 704. Riverbed sedimentary layer, 705. Riverbed sediment;
8.探测装置；8. Detection device;
901.承重柱，902.升降棘轮，903.水平悬臂，904.滑轮，905.钢丝绳；901. Bearing column, 902. Lifting ratchet, 903. Horizontal cantilever, 904. Pulley, 905. Wire rope;
10.地质雷达主机，11.数据采集与控制上位机，12.渔船。10. Geological radar host, 11. Data acquisition and control host computer, 12. Fishing boat.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，本实施例的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，包括密封舱、升降机构、温度压力采集机构、地质雷达探测机构和数据采集与控制下位机501。升降机构安装在密封舱舱体上，通过进水和排水使密封舱在河流中升降；温度压力采集机构安装在密封舱舱体上，用于测量河水深度以及不同河水深度的温度；地质雷达探测机构安装在密封舱的内部，用于探测河床淤积层703和河床沉积层704；数据采集与控制下位机501安装在密封舱的内部，分别与升降机构和温度压力采集机构连接。As shown in FIG. 1, the geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments in this embodiment includes a sealed cabin, a lifting mechanism, a temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism, a geological radar detection mechanism, and a data acquisition and control lower-level computer 501. The lifting mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body, and the airtight cabin is raised and lowered in the river through water intake and drainage; the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body to measure the river water depth and the temperature of different river water depths; geological radar detection The mechanism is installed inside the sealed cabin to detect the riverbed siltation layer 703 and the riverbed sedimentary layer 704; the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is installed inside the sealed cabin, and is connected to the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism respectively.
密封舱包括地板和外壳102，采用金属材料与非金属材料相结合的方式进行设计，地板采用15mm的亚克力板101，外壳102采用不锈钢板焊接而成，金属外壳102与亚克力板101之间采用法兰连接，中间加装密封垫圈和密封胶；在金属外壳102的相应位置预留安装孔，预留的安装孔包括进/排水控制阀安装孔、温度传感器安装孔、压力传感器安装孔、数据采集与控制主线密封孔、地质雷达连接线密封孔和气管密封孔。在外壳102的顶部设置有多个挂钩103，便于整个密封舱的起吊。The airtight cabin includes a floor and a shell 102, which are designed by combining metal and non-metal materials. The floor is made of 15mm acrylic plate 101, and the shell 102 is welded by stainless steel plates. The metal shell 102 and the acrylic plate 101 are made of Lan connection, with sealing washer and sealant in the middle; mounting holes are reserved in the corresponding position of the metal shell 102, the reserved mounting holes include inlet/drain control valve mounting holes, temperature sensor mounting holes, pressure sensor mounting holes, and data acquisition Sealing hole with control main line, geological radar connecting line sealing hole and tracheal sealing hole. A plurality of hooks 103 are provided on the top of the housing 102 to facilitate the lifting of the entire sealed cabin.
该探测装置8还包括两面配重墙，每面配重墙由多块配重块104组成，配重块104的数量和重量主要能使密封舱悬浮在水面上，因此在加工完成后需要预装配，调试确定配重块104的数量。这两面配重墙将密封舱的内部空间划分为三部分，分别是左进排水腔体105、中间储物腔体106和右进排水腔体107，左进排水腔体105和右进排水腔体107可以存水或者往外排水，中间储物腔体106用于存放地质雷达探测机构和数据采集与控制下位机501。The detection device 8 also includes two counterweight walls. Each counterweight wall is composed of multiple counterweight blocks 104. The number and weight of the counterweight blocks 104 can mainly make the sealed cabin suspended on the water surface. Assemble and debug to determine the number of counterweight 104. The two counterweight walls divide the internal space of the sealed cabin into three parts, namely the left inlet and drainage cavity 105, the middle storage cavity 106 and the right inlet and drainage cavity 107, the left inlet and drainage cavity 105 and the right inlet and drainage cavity. The body 107 can store water or drain out, and the intermediate storage cavity 106 is used to store the geological radar detection mechanism and the data acquisition and control lower computer 501.
升降机构包括进/排水控制阀一201、进/排水控制阀二202、进/排气控制阀一203、进/排气控制阀二204和内部进/排气管205，所述进/排水控制阀一201和进/排水控制阀二 202分别安装在外壳102左右侧的进/排水控制阀安装孔上，所述进/排气控制阀一203和进/排气控制阀二204分别安装在两面配重墙上，所述进/排气控制阀一203与进/排气控制阀二204通过内部进/排气管205相连通。密封舱在河流里面的升降主要通过进水和排水实现，当密封舱需要沉入水中时，打开进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二、排气控制阀一和排气控制阀二，河水进入左进排水腔体105和右进排水腔体107，密封舱缓慢沉入水底，反之，打开排水控制阀一、排水控制阀二、进气控制阀一和进气控制阀二，河水经由直流潜水泵从左进排水腔体105和右进排水腔体107向外排出，密封舱缓慢上升，排水用的直流潜水泵供电采用12V蓄电池，控制部分主要采用继电器接通和断开，以提高控制的可靠性。还包括外部进/排气管206，在气管密封孔上安装气管密封环207，外部进/排气管206从气管密封环207中穿出，并与内部进/排气管205相连通。The lifting mechanism includes intake/drainage control valve one 201, intake/drainage control valve two 202, intake/exhaust control valve one 203, intake/exhaust control valve two 204, and internal intake/exhaust pipe 205. The first control valve 201 and the second intake/discharge control valve 202 are installed on the inlet/discharge control valve installation holes on the left and right sides of the housing 102, respectively. The first intake/exhaust control valve 203 and the second intake/exhaust control valve 204 are installed separately On the two counterweight walls, the first intake/exhaust control valve 203 and the second intake/exhaust control valve 204 are connected through an internal intake/exhaust pipe 205. The lifting and lowering of the airtight cabin in the river is mainly realized by water intake and drainage. When the airtight cabin needs to sink into the water, open the water inlet control valve 1, the water inlet control valve 2, the exhaust control valve 1 and the exhaust control valve 2, and the river water Enter the left inlet and drain cavity 105 and the right inlet and drain cavity 107, the sealed cabin slowly sinks to the bottom, on the contrary, open the drainage control valve 1, drainage control valve 2, intake control valve 1 and intake control valve 2, and the river water passes through the direct current The submersible pump is discharged from the left inlet and drain cavity 105 and the right inlet and drain cavity 107, and the airtight chamber rises slowly. The DC submersible pump for drainage uses a 12V battery for power supply. The control part mainly uses a relay to switch on and off to improve control. Reliability. It also includes an external intake/exhaust pipe 206. A gas pipe sealing ring 207 is installed on the sealing hole of the gas pipe.
温度压力采集机构包括温度传感器301和压力传感器302，分别安装在外壳102左右侧温度传感器安装孔和压力传感器安装孔上，利用温度传感器301测量河流不同深度的温度，利用压力传感器302测量河水深度，以确定河床形态；温度传感器301采用快速响应的热敏电阻实现河水温度的测量，压力传感器302采用相对压力传感器，与大气压力对比，通过压力值计算河水深度，温度和压力数据采集主要通过4～20mA电流变化实现，同时可以设置温度和压力的采样间隔。The temperature and pressure collection mechanism includes a temperature sensor 301 and a pressure sensor 302, which are respectively installed on the temperature sensor mounting holes and pressure sensor mounting holes on the left and right sides of the housing 102. The temperature sensor 301 is used to measure the temperature of the river at different depths, and the pressure sensor 302 is used to measure the depth of the river. To determine the shape of the river bed; the temperature sensor 301 uses a fast-response thermistor to measure the river water temperature, and the pressure sensor 302 uses a relative pressure sensor, which compares with the atmospheric pressure and calculates the river water depth through the pressure value. The temperature and pressure data collection is mainly through 4~ The 20mA current change is realized, and the sampling interval of temperature and pressure can be set at the same time.
地质雷达探测机构位于中间储物腔体106的下部，包括地质雷达天线401、地质雷达天线固定架402和地质雷达天线减震块403，地质雷达天线401固定在地质雷达天线固定架402上，地质雷达天线固定架402通过地质雷达天线减震块403固定在地板上；在地质雷达连接线密封孔上安装地质雷达连接线密封接口404，地质雷达连接线405从地质雷达连接线密封接口404中穿出。地质雷达天线401可以实现河床淤积层703和河床沉积层704的探测，为了降低电磁干扰优选400MHz屏蔽天线。The geological radar detection mechanism is located in the lower part of the intermediate storage cavity 106, and includes a geological radar antenna 401, a geological radar antenna fixing frame 402 and a geological radar antenna damping block 403. The geological radar antenna 401 is fixed on the geological radar antenna fixing frame 402. The radar antenna fixing frame 402 is fixed on the floor by the ground penetrating radar antenna damping block 403; the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing interface 404 is installed on the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing hole, and the ground penetrating radar connecting line 405 passes through the ground penetrating radar connecting line sealing interface 404 out. The geological radar antenna 401 can detect the riverbed sedimentation layer 703 and the riverbed sedimentation layer 704. In order to reduce electromagnetic interference, a 400MHz shielded antenna is preferred.
数据采集与控制下位机501位于中间储物腔体106的上部，并通过控制器减震块502固定在隔板503上，在数据采集与控制主线密封孔上安装数据采集与控制主线密封环505，从数据采集与控制下位机501引出的数据采集与控制主线504从数据采集与控制主线密封环505中穿出。在数据采集与控制下位机501上设置有温度传感器连接接头601、压力传感器连接接头602、进水控制连接接头603、排水控制连接接头604、进气控制连接接头605和出气控制连接接头606，温度传感器301通过温度传感器连接线接至温度传感器连接接头601，压力传感器302通过压力传感器连接线连接至压力传感器连接接头602，进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二通过进水控制线连接至进水控制连接接头603，排水控制阀一、排水控制 阀二通过排水控制线连接至排水控制连接接头604，进气控制阀一、进气控制阀二通过进气控制线连接至进气控制连接接头605，出气控制阀一、出气控制阀二通过出气控制线连接至出气控制连接接头606。The data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is located in the upper part of the middle storage cavity 106, and is fixed on the partition 503 by the controller damping block 502, and the data acquisition and control main line sealing ring 505 is installed on the sealing hole of the data acquisition and control main line , The data acquisition and control main line 504 drawn from the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 passes through the data acquisition and control main line sealing ring 505. The data acquisition and control lower computer 501 is provided with a temperature sensor connection connector 601, a pressure sensor connection connector 602, a water inlet control connection connector 603, a drainage control connection connector 604, an air intake control connection connector 605, and an air outlet control connection connector 606. The sensor 301 is connected to the temperature sensor connection connector 601 through the temperature sensor connection line, and the pressure sensor 302 is connected to the pressure sensor connection connector 602 through the pressure sensor connection line. Water control connection connector 603, drainage control valve one and drainage control valve two are connected to the drainage control connection connector 604 through the drainage control line, and the intake control valve one and the intake control valve two are connected to the intake control connection connector through the intake control line 605, the first gas outlet control valve and the second gas outlet control valve are connected to the gas outlet control connection joint 606 through the gas outlet control line.
如图2所示，本实施例还提供了一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测***，包括上述的探测装置8、船、升降装置、地质雷达主机10和数据采集与控制上位机11；升降装置、地质雷达主机10和数据采集与控制上位机11均设置在船上，所述升降装置与探测装置8连接，所述地质雷达主机10通过地质雷达连接线405与地质雷达天线401连接，在船上的数据采集与控制上位机11通过数据采集与控制主线504与探测装置8中的数据采集与控制下位机501连接。As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment also provides a geological radar-based detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments, including the above-mentioned detection device 8, a ship, a lifting device, a geological radar host 10, and a data acquisition and control host computer 11 The lifting device, the geological radar host 10 and the data acquisition and control host computer 11 are all set on the ship, the lifting device is connected to the detection device 8, and the geological radar host 10 is connected to the geological radar antenna 401 through the geological radar connection line 405, The data acquisition and control upper computer 11 on the ship is connected to the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 in the detection device 8 through the data acquisition and control main line 504.
升降装置包括承重柱901、升降棘轮902、水平悬臂903、滑轮904和钢丝绳905；在船上竖直安装承重柱901，在承重柱901上安装升降棘轮902，承重柱901顶部安装水平悬臂903，在水平悬臂903的两端各安装一个滑轮904，从升降棘轮902引出的钢丝绳905通过水平悬臂903的滑轮904至探测装置8顶部的挂钩103，升起探测装置8，调整探测装置8两端的钢丝绳905使探测装置8水平。将外部进/排气管206放到船边沿以防人员压踩，影响进排气效果。The lifting device includes a bearing column 901, a lifting ratchet 902, a horizontal cantilever 903, a pulley 904 and a wire rope 905; a bearing column 901 is installed vertically on the ship, a lifting ratchet 902 is installed on the bearing column 901, and a horizontal cantilever 903 is installed on the top of the bearing column 901. A pulley 904 is installed at both ends of the horizontal cantilever 903. The wire rope 905 drawn from the lifting ratchet 902 passes through the pulley 904 of the horizontal cantilever 903 to the hook 103 on the top of the detection device 8. The detection device 8 is raised, and the wire rope 905 at both ends of the detection device 8 is adjusted. The detection device 8 is leveled. Place the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 on the edge of the ship to prevent people from stepping on it and affect the intake and exhaust effect.
与上述基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测***相应地，如图3所示，本实施例还提供一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测方法，包含以下步骤：Corresponding to the aforementioned geological radar-based detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments, as shown in FIG. 3, this embodiment also provides a geological radar-based detection method for the distribution of riverbed sediments, including the following steps:
步骤S31，选择典型河流断面701，收集断面的河流水文、河床变迁等资料，尤其需要调查该断面是否经过人工改造。In step S31, a typical river section 701 is selected, and the river hydrology and river bed changes of the section are collected. In particular, it is necessary to investigate whether the section has been artificially modified.
步骤S32，组装与调试基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置；Step S32, assembling and debugging a detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on the ground penetrating radar;
首先在安装孔上安装进/排水控制阀一201、进/排水控制阀二202、进/排气控制阀一203、进/排气控制阀二204、气管密封环207、地质雷达连接线密封接口404和数据采集与控制主线密封环505；安装挂钩103；根据计算的重量在密封舱内填装配重块104；在外壳102上安装压力传感器302和温度传感器301。First install the inlet/outlet control valve one 201, the inlet/outlet control valve two 202, the inlet/exhaust control valve one 203, the inlet/exhaust control valve two 204, the air pipe sealing ring 207, and the geological radar connection line seal on the installation hole. The interface 404 and the data collection and control main line sealing ring 505; the hook 103 is installed; the weight 104 is filled in the sealed cabin according to the calculated weight; the pressure sensor 302 and the temperature sensor 301 are installed on the shell 102.
利用通讯线连接以下传感器和控制阀至数据采集和控制下位机的数据通讯接头，主要做以下连接：温度传感器301通过温度传感器连接线接至温度传感器连接接头601，压力传感器302通过压力传感器连接线连接至压力传感器连接接头602，进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二通过进水控制线连接至进水控制连接接头603，排水控制阀一、排水控制阀二通过排水控制线连接至排水控制连接接头604，进气控制阀一、进气控制阀二通过进气控制线连接至进气控制连接接头605，出气控制阀一、出气控制阀二通过出气控制线连接至出气控制连 接接头606；连接进/排气控制阀一203与进/排气控制阀二204的内部进/排气管205通过气管密封环207连接到外部进/排气管206；通过数据采集与控制主线504连接数据采集与控制下位机501；将通讯控制线连接完好，检查无误后，将数据采集与控制下位机501通过控制器减震块502安装至外壳102内的隔板503上。Use the communication line to connect the following sensors and control valves to the data communication connector of the data acquisition and control lower computer. The following connections are mainly made: the temperature sensor 301 is connected to the temperature sensor connection connector 601 through the temperature sensor connection line, and the pressure sensor 302 is connected through the pressure sensor connection line Connect to the pressure sensor connection connector 602, the inlet control valve one and the inlet control valve two are connected to the inlet control connection connector 603 through the inlet control line, and the drainage control valve one and the drainage control valve two are connected to the drainage control through the drainage control line Connect the joint 604, the intake control valve one and the intake control valve two are connected to the intake control connection joint 605 through the intake control line, and the outlet control valve one and the outlet control valve two are connected to the outlet control connection joint 606 through the outlet control line; The internal intake/exhaust pipe 205 connecting the intake/exhaust control valve one 203 and the intake/exhaust control valve two 204 is connected to the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 through the air pipe sealing ring 207; the data is connected through the data acquisition and control main line 504 Collect and control the lower computer 501; connect the communication control line in good condition, and after the inspection is correct, install the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 on the partition 503 in the housing 102 through the controller shock-absorbing block 502.
安装亚克力板101，密封住地质雷达连接线密封接口404，连接数据采集与控制上位机11进行调试；将探测装置8放置于水槽中，调试配重块104是否合适；测试进/排水控制阀一201和进/排水控制阀二202工作是否正常；测试进/排气控制阀一203和进/排气控制阀二204工作是否正常；测试温度传感器301和压力传感器302采集的数据是否正确，主要校正压力传感器302数据。Install the acrylic board 101, seal the geological radar connection line sealing interface 404, connect the data acquisition and control host computer 11 for debugging; place the detection device 8 in the sink, and debug whether the counterweight 104 is appropriate; test the intake/drainage control valve one 201 and intake/discharge control valve two 202 work normally; test whether intake/exhaust control valve one 203 and intake/exhaust control valve two 204 work normally; test whether the data collected by temperature sensor 301 and pressure sensor 302 are correct, mainly Correct the pressure sensor 302 data.
调试完成后，打开探测装置8底部的亚克力板101，在亚克力板101上通过地质雷达天线减震块403与地质雷达天线固定架402将地质雷达天线401固定在亚克力板101上，然后将亚克力板101安装至探测装置8上。地质雷达天线401通过地质雷达连接线405接地质雷达主机10。After the commissioning is completed, open the acrylic board 101 at the bottom of the detection device 8. On the acrylic board 101, the ground penetrating radar antenna 401 is fixed on the acrylic board 101 through the ground penetrating radar antenna damping block 403 and the ground penetrating radar antenna fixing frame 402, and then the acrylic board 101 is mounted on the detection device 8. The ground ground radar antenna 401 grounds the ground quality radar host 10 through the ground ground radar connection line 405.
步骤S32，通过组装、调试的探测装置8运至试验地，开展探测工作，探测工作的具体实施过程如下：In step S32, the assembled and debugged detection device 8 is transported to the test site, and the detection work is carried out. The specific implementation process of the detection work is as follows:
租借渔船12，在渔船12上安装升降装置、地质雷达主机10和数据采集与控制上位机11，从升降棘轮902引出的钢丝绳905通过水平悬臂903的滑轮904连接探测装置8的挂钩103，可以升起探测装置8，调整探测装置8两端的钢丝绳905使探测装置8水平；地质雷达主机10通过地质雷达连接线405与地质雷达天线401连接，在船上的数据采集与控制上位机11通过数据采集与控制主线504与探测装置8中的数据采集与控制下位机501连接；将外部进/排气管206放到船边沿以防人员压踩。Lease the fishing boat 12, install the lifting device, the geological radar host 10 and the data acquisition and control host computer 11 on the fishing boat 12. The wire rope 905 drawn from the lifting ratchet 902 is connected to the hook 103 of the detection device 8 through the pulley 904 of the horizontal cantilever 903, which can be lifted Set up the detection device 8, adjust the wire ropes 905 at both ends of the detection device 8 to make the detection device 8 level; the geological radar host 10 is connected to the geological radar antenna 401 through the geological radar connection line 405, and the data acquisition and control on board the upper computer 11 through the data acquisition and The control main line 504 is connected with the data acquisition and control lower computer 501 in the detection device 8; the external intake/exhaust pipe 206 is placed on the edge of the ship to prevent people from stepping on it.
在渔船12安装完毕后开始探测工作，选择一条探测断面，将渔船12开到预先设定探测位置，利用RTK测定探测位置的坐标，利用升降装置的升降棘轮902，将探测装置8放到河水面702，打开进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二、排气控制阀一和排气控制阀二，探测装置8缓慢沉入水底，打开地质雷达主机10开始探测，同时记录河水温度和河底水压力。After the fishing boat 12 is installed, start the detection work, select a detection section, drive the fishing boat 12 to the preset detection position, use RTK to measure the coordinates of the detection position, use the lifting ratchet 902 of the lifting device to put the detection device 8 on the river surface 702. Open the water inlet control valve 1, the water inlet control valve 2, the exhaust control valve 1 and the exhaust control valve 2, the detection device 8 slowly sinks to the bottom, and the geological radar host 10 is turned on to start detection, and the river water temperature and river bottom are recorded at the same time Water pressure.
探测完成后，打开排水控制阀一、排水控制阀二、进气控制阀一和进气控制阀二，探测装置8缓慢上浮至河水面702。After the detection is completed, the first drain control valve, the second drain control valve, the first intake control valve, and the second intake control valve are opened, and the detection device 8 slowly rises to the river surface 702.
开动渔船12到达下一个预设探测位置开始探测，记录探测位置坐标、河底温度和和河底压力等数据，直至探测完所有预设探测位置。The fishing boat 12 is driven to reach the next preset detection position to start detection, and data such as the coordinates of the detection position, the river bottom temperature and the river bottom pressure are recorded until all the preset detection positions are detected.
为了验证本发明基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置、***及方法的可靠性 和可行性，选择涡河流域韩村断面进行探测工作，探测成果见图4。同验证，可知本发明可以实现河床沉积物705分布特征的探测，测量结果真实、准确、可靠。In order to verify the reliability and feasibility of the geological radar-based detection device, system and method for the distribution of riverbed sediments in the present invention, the Hancun section of the Guohe River Basin was selected for detection. The detection results are shown in Figure 4. The same verification shows that the present invention can realize the detection of the distribution characteristics of the riverbed sediment 705, and the measurement result is true, accurate and reliable.
最后应说明的是：以上所述实施例，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制，本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改或可轻易想到变化，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改、变化或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit it. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although referring to the foregoing The embodiments describe the present invention in detail, and those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Or it can be easily conceived of changes, or equivalent replacements of some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be covered by the present invention Within the scope of protection. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，包括：A geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments, which is characterized in that it comprises:
    密封舱；Sealed cabin
    升降机构，安装在密封舱舱体上，通过进水和排水使密封舱在河流中升降；The lifting mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin body, and the airtight cabin is raised and lowered in the river through water intake and drainage;
    温度压力采集机构，安装在密封舱舱体上，用于测量河水深度以及不同河水深度的温度；The temperature and pressure collection mechanism is installed on the airtight cabin to measure the depth of river water and the temperature of different river water depths;
    地质雷达探测机构，安装在密封舱的内部，用于探测河床淤积层和沉积层；The geological radar detection mechanism is installed inside the sealed cabin to detect the siltation layer and sedimentary layer of the river bed;
    以及数据采集与控制下位机，安装在密封舱的内部，分别与升降机构和温度压力采集机构连接。And the data acquisition and control lower-level computer is installed inside the sealed cabin and connected with the lifting mechanism and the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism respectively.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，所述密封舱包括地板和外壳，所述外壳与地板通过法兰连接，所述地板采用亚克力板，所述外壳采用不锈钢板焊接而成，所述外壳的顶部设置有多个挂钩。The geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments according to claim 1, wherein the sealed cabin includes a floor and an outer shell, the outer shell and the floor are connected by flanges, and the floor adopts an acrylic board, so The shell is welded by stainless steel plates, and the top of the shell is provided with a plurality of hooks.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，还包括两面配重墙，两面配重墙将密封舱的内部空间划分为三部分，分别是左进排水腔体、中间储物腔体和右进排水腔体。The geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises two counterweight walls, and the two counterweight walls divide the internal space of the sealed cabin into three parts, which are left inlet and drain respectively. Cavity, middle storage cavity and right inlet drainage cavity.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括进/排水控制阀一、进/排水控制阀二、进/排气控制阀一、进/排气控制阀二和内部进/排气管，所述进/排水控制阀一和进/排水控制阀二分别安装在外壳的左右侧，所述进/排气控制阀一和进/排气控制阀二分别安装在两面配重墙上，所述进/排气控制阀一与进/排气控制阀二通过内部进/排气管相连通。The detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments based on geological radar according to claim 3, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises an inlet/drainage control valve, an inlet/drainage control valve, and an inlet/exhaust control valve. Intake/exhaust control valve two and internal intake/exhaust pipes, the intake/exhaust control valve one and the intake/exhaust control valve two are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing, the intake/exhaust control valve one and the intake/exhaust control valve The second exhaust control valve is respectively installed on the two counterweight walls, and the first intake/exhaust control valve is communicated with the second intake/exhaust control valve through an internal intake/exhaust pipe.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，还包括外部进/排气管，所述外部进/排气管通过气管密封环从外壳的顶部穿出，并与内部进/排气管相连通。The geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments according to claim 4, further comprising an external intake/exhaust pipe, the external intake/exhaust pipe passing through the top of the housing through a gas pipe sealing ring , And communicate with the internal intake/exhaust pipe.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，所述温度压力采集机构包括温度传感器和压力传感器，分别安装在外壳的左右侧。The geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments according to claim 4, wherein the temperature and pressure acquisition mechanism comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the housing.
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，所述地质雷达探测机构位于中间储物腔体的下部，包括地质雷达天线、地质雷达天线固定架和地质雷达天线减震块，所述地质雷达天线固定在地质雷达天线固定架上，所述地质雷达天线固定架通过地质雷达天线减震块固定在地板上；在所述外壳的顶部设置有地质雷达连接线密封接口。The geological radar-based detection device for the distribution of riverbed sediments according to claim 3, wherein the geological radar detection mechanism is located in the lower part of the intermediate storage cavity, and includes a geological radar antenna, a geological radar antenna fixing frame, and a geological radar antenna. Radar antenna damping block, the geological radar antenna is fixed on a geological radar antenna fixing frame, the geological radar antenna fixing frame is fixed on the floor through the geological radar antenna damping block; a geological radar connection is provided on the top of the shell Wire sealing interface.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置，其特征在于，所述数据采集与控制下位机位于中间储物腔体的上部，并通过控制器减震块固定在隔板上；从数 据采集与控制下位机引出的数据采集与控制主线通过数据采集与控制主线密封环从外壳的顶部穿出；所述温度传感器、压力传感器、进/排水控制阀一、进/排水控制阀二、进/排气控制阀一、进/排气控制阀二通过线缆均与数据采集与控制下位机连接。The detection device for riverbed sediment distribution based on geological radar according to claim 6, characterized in that the data acquisition and control lower computer is located in the upper part of the middle storage cavity, and is fixed on the partition by the controller shock absorption block On the board; the data acquisition and control main line drawn from the data acquisition and control lower computer passes through the top of the shell through the data acquisition and control main line sealing ring; the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, inlet/drainage control valve 1. Inlet/drainage Control valve two, intake/exhaust control valve one, and intake/exhaust control valve two are connected to the data acquisition and control lower-level computer through cables.
  9. 一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测***，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至8任一项所述的探测装置、船、升降装置、地质雷达主机和数据采集与控制上位机；所述升降装置、地质雷达主机和数据采集与控制上位机均设置在船上，所述升降装置与探测装置连接，所述地质雷达主机通过地质雷达连接线与地质雷达天线连接，所述数据采集与控制上位机通过数据采集与控制主线与数据采集与控制下位机连接。A geological radar-based detection system for the distribution of riverbed sediments, which is characterized by comprising the detection device, a ship, a lifting device, a geological radar host, and a data acquisition and control host computer according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The lifting device, the geological radar host computer, and the data acquisition and control host computer are all set on the ship, the lifting device is connected to the detection device, the geological radar host computer is connected to the geological radar antenna through the geological radar connection line, and the data acquisition and control The upper computer is connected with the data acquisition and control lower computer through the data acquisition and control main line.
  10. 一种基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤：A method for detecting the distribution of riverbed sediments based on geological radar, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    选择典型河流断面，收集河流水文、河床变迁的材料；Select typical river sections and collect materials on river hydrology and river bed changes;
    组装与调试基于地质雷达的河床沉积物分布的探测装置；Assemble and debug the detection device of riverbed sediment distribution based on geological radar;
    开始探测工作，将船开到预先设定探测位置，利用升降装置将探测装置放到河水面，打开进水控制阀一、进水控制阀二、排气控制阀一和排气控制阀二，探测装置缓慢沉入水底，打开地质雷达主机开始探测，同时记录河水温度和河底水压力；Start the detection work, drive the boat to the preset detection position, use the lifting device to put the detection device on the river surface, open the water inlet control valve 1, the water inlet control valve 2, the exhaust control valve 1 and the exhaust control valve 2. The detection device slowly sinks to the bottom, turn on the geological radar host to start detection, and record the river water temperature and river bottom water pressure at the same time;
    探测完成后，打开排水控制阀一、排水控制阀二、进气控制阀一和进气控制阀二，探测装置缓慢上浮至河水面；After the detection is completed, open the drainage control valve 1, drainage control valve 2, intake control valve one and intake control valve two, and the detection device slowly rises to the surface of the river;
    开动船达到下一个预设探测位置开始探测，直至探测完所有预设探测位置。Drive the ship to the next preset detection position and start detection until all preset detection positions have been detected.
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