WO2021208159A1 - Système et procédé de tri et d'élimination des impuretés de cosses d'arachide de type par adsorption et tamisage à plusieurs étages - Google Patents

Système et procédé de tri et d'élimination des impuretés de cosses d'arachide de type par adsorption et tamisage à plusieurs étages Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021208159A1
WO2021208159A1 PCT/CN2020/089271 CN2020089271W WO2021208159A1 WO 2021208159 A1 WO2021208159 A1 WO 2021208159A1 CN 2020089271 W CN2020089271 W CN 2020089271W WO 2021208159 A1 WO2021208159 A1 WO 2021208159A1
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Prior art keywords
adsorption
screen
vibrating
peanut
screening
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PCT/CN2020/089271
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王晓铭
李长河
刘明政
李心平
刘向东
杨会民
张彦彬
侯亚丽
Original Assignee
青岛理工大学
河南科技大学
新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所
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Publication of WO2021208159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021208159A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/282—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens their jigging movement being a closed or open curvilinear path in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the screen and parrallel or transverse to the direction of conveyance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/02—Fastening means for fastening screens to their frames which do not stretch or sag the screening surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and in particular relates to an adsorption and multi-stage screening type peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system and method.
  • Peanuts are widely used by people for their wide use and high nutritional value. Peanut kernels are the most important harvest of peanuts. Peanut kernels have rich edible and nutritional value, and have high medicinal value, which can reduce post-meal In response to increased blood sugar, peanut kernels can be made as a supplement for kernel foods, and peanut kernels can also be used to extract peanut protein and make peanut meal. In addition, a large number of by-products will be produced after peanut processing, which can be comprehensively utilized and intensively processed to extend the industrial chain and increase economic value. The roots, stems, and leaves of peanuts have good medicinal value and social benefits. They can be used as raw materials for Chinese medicinal materials to extract resveratrol, which can help fight cancer and treat cardiovascular diseases.
  • Peanut shells can be used to extract natural antioxidant components and natural yellow pigments.
  • As a food additive it can be used to prepare activated carbon adsorbents to make dietary fiber. It can also be used as a medium for edible fungi to cultivate oyster mushrooms and straw mushrooms. It can be used for chemical extraction.
  • Peanut red coat can extract peanut red coat pigment and polyphenols to treat diseases. Peanut red coat also contains long-chain saturated fatty acids for skin care and other substances that play an important role in human health. Peanuts are one of the important crops in China. The cleanliness of peanuts after picking the fruit will affect the deep processing and application of peanuts.
  • Peanuts are important oil crops in China. Due to the large planting area and high yield of peanuts, China has a large demand for peanut processing machinery. During the peanut harvesting period, whether it is a large-scale peanut harvesting machine or a small-scale peanut harvesting machine, cleaning is an important task in peanut harvesting. After the peanuts are picked by the fruit picker, they will be mixed with some impurities such as stones, broken soil, stalks, immature deflated fruits, etc. These impurities will affect the subsequent peanut finishing links, so clean peanuts need to be cleaned and removed. Therefore, the peanut cleaning and impurity removal process is the primary problem faced in the deep processing of peanuts.
  • the cleaning and impurity removal devices are mainly divided into three types according to the principle of cleaning and impurity removal: screening, airflow cleaning and airflow sieve cleaning.
  • the devices that use sieving or air cleaning alone have the disadvantages of higher impurity content of peanuts after sieving and low device efficiency; currently the more widely used one is to use a combination of sieve and air flow to separate and clean at the same time, but what about the sieve and air flow? Combined use is a difficult point in device design.
  • Cui Yuzhong of Qingdao Xuguang Food Co., Ltd. invented a peanut stone removing machine (patent number: 201721809928.X). It includes: stone removing device, feeding device and frame.
  • the peanuts are fed into the sieve body from the upper hopper.
  • the sieve body screens the peanuts under the action of the motor and the connecting rod.
  • the peanuts mixed in the peanuts are sieved to one end of the stone outlet, and the screen located at the stone outlet can follow the sieve.
  • the body vibrates together; a fan is set to generate airflow into the screen body. Because the weight of peanuts and stones are different, the airflow separates the peanuts from the stones.
  • the peanuts are screened out from the baffle. ;
  • the sieved peanuts fall into the filter hole, the filter hole separates the dust in the peanut from the peanut, and then is collected through the discharge opening; the stone moves to a high place under the vibration of the screen, under the action of the screen stone After being filtered out, it enters the collection box through the lower stone trough to achieve the effect of stone removal.
  • This device can effectively filter impurities in peanuts and collect them.
  • the design of this device using a single-layer sieve is difficult to ensure the cleaning rate, and the residual stems and leaves in the peanuts cannot be removed, which affects the subsequent deep processing of peanuts.
  • the invention can remove gravel and soil in the peanut pod, and can remove the shattered fruit in the pod.
  • a peanut pod cleaning device (patent number: 201822001264.5). It includes: screening device, vibration device, adsorption device, feeding and discharging mechanism.
  • the peanuts are fed from the feed port and fall into the sieve plate.
  • the sieve plate screens the peanuts under the action of the motor, the eccentric wheel and the vibrating connecting rod; Impurities are adsorbed by suction and discharged from the air outlet; small impurities mixed in peanuts fall from the screen, heavier stones, etc. are screened out from the high discharge port under the reciprocating action, and the filtered peanut pods are discharged from the low Sift out.
  • Yuan Wei of Huanglaowu Food Co., Ltd. invented a multi-stage screening peanut stone remover (patent number: 201920231682.5). It includes: feeding device, stone removing device, vibration separation device, wind separation device and collection device.
  • the peanuts first enter the vibrating separation device from the feeding port.
  • the vibrating separation device includes two layers of sieve plates to filter out large and small particles respectively; the filtered peanut pods enter the wind separation device, and the peanuts are collapsed during the falling process. Peanuts, remaining stems and leaves, and uncleaned impurities fall into different receiving bins under the action of the fan to achieve secondary cleaning. This device separates twice, which helps to improve the removal rate of impurities in peanuts.
  • the sieve plate of the vibrating separation device in the invention is one-way reciprocating motion, which cannot fully play the role of the sieve plate for peanut screening; in the cleaning process of the wind separation device, the separation is carried out mainly according to the weight of peanuts and impurities.
  • the remaining stems and leaves under the action of wind will enter the same bin with the peanut pods, and there will still be a small amount of remaining stems and leaves in the separated peanuts.
  • Liu Lijing invented a peanut fruit cleaning and grading winnowing machine (patent number: 201420441627.6). It includes: feeding device, winnowing device and screening device. Peanuts are fed in from the hopper, and the bottom surface of the hopper is equipped with a pressure sensor and a delay switch to control the amount of feeding; the upper part of the side wall of the winnowing chamber is equipped with a fan, and the upper part of the other side wall of the winnowing chamber is equipped with an air outlet at the same height. The peanuts fall from the hopper and the fan can winnowing the peanuts; the screening device is composed of three-layer screens and controlled by a vibrating motor. The three-layer screens are connected as a whole and fixed on the frame by springs, and the three-layer screens are filtered separately Large particles of impurities, peanut pods and small particles of impurities are produced.
  • the three-layer sieve plate of the device is a whole, and is connected to the frame by a side spring, which limits the sieving angle of the screen; the inclination angle of the three-layer sieve is the same, and the material is easy to accumulate; the contact time between the fan and peanuts Shorter, the winnowing effect on the stems, leaves and shredded peanuts is not good.
  • the existing peanut cleaning devices mainly have disadvantages such as poor cleaning effect and poor screening effect.
  • most of the devices are direct feeding, and there is no intermittent feeding mechanism, which will easily cause peanuts to accumulate during the cleaning process, which will affect the screening efficiency.
  • the present invention provides an adsorption and multi-stage screening type peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system, which can significantly improve the peanut cleaning and impurity removal effect.
  • one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
  • An adsorption and multi-stage screening type peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system including:
  • Feeding device, winnowing device and vibrating screening device
  • the feeding device intermittently feeds the material to the winnowing device
  • the air separation device performs negative pressure adsorption on the light impurities in the material during the process of the material sliding down onto the vibrating screening device by gravity;
  • the vibrating screening device includes a multi-stage screen and a vibration motor with two rotating shafts at a certain angle.
  • fluidity is generated, and impurities larger than peanut pod particles, peanut pods and small particles are separately sieved out and discharged from the discharge openings at different positions of each layer of screens.
  • An adsorption and multi-stage screening method for peanut pods cleaning and removing impurities including:
  • Multi-stage screening the material produces fluidity during the screening process, and the impurities larger than the peanut pod, peanut pod and small particle impurities are screened out separately and discharged from the discharge port at different positions.
  • the system of the present disclosure integrates intermittent feeding, winnowing and vibrating screening, realizes intermittent feeding through a feeding device, avoids accumulation of materials, ensures the orderly progress of subsequent winnowing and screening of materials, and improves the overall efficiency of the system.
  • the air separation device has a large adsorption force, and a positive pressure fan is used to achieve negative pressure adsorption to avoid damage to the fan blades caused by the adsorbed impurities.
  • the vibrating sieving device is driven by two vibrating motors with a certain angle of rotation shaft, which makes the sieve body vibrate in a multi-rotation type (the projection of the vibration track of the vibrating body on the horizontal and vertical planes is a circle or ellipse), and the sieve is added.
  • the dimensionality of the body's movement improves the screening effect and speed.
  • the vibrating screen adopts a multi-layer screen design and is installed at different angles, which can make the material produce "fluidity" during the screening process to avoid material accumulation, and the screening efficiency is high.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure adopts the combined use of winnowing adsorption and multi-stage screening, which is of great significance to the improvement of peanut cleaning and impurity removal technology and the improvement of economic and economic benefits.
  • the sieved materials are divided into four parts: large impurities, peanut pods, shredded peanuts and small impurities, and are sent to different outlets to complete the adsorption, screening, and cleaning work.
  • the adsorption-type peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system can significantly improve the peanut cleaning and impurity removal effect.
  • Figure 1 is an axial view of the adsorption and multi-stage screening peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system of an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is an internal view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of the inside of the feeding device of the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is an axial view of the tensioning structure of the feeding device of the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a winnowing device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a winnowing device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a full cross-sectional view of an adsorption pipe of an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a Laval tube of an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a front view of a vibrating screening device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 12 is an axial view of a vibrating screening device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a full cross-sectional view of a vibrating screening device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the center of mass of the vibration trajectory of the vibrating screening device according to the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 15 is a front view of a rack of an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 16 is a side view of the frame of the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 17 is a three-axis coordinate system diagram of peanut pods according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the feeding device I the winnowing device II, the vibrating screening device III, and the frame IV;
  • II-01- slide plate II-02- positive pressure fan, II-03-adsorption pipeline, II-0301-reducing tube, II-0302-expansion tube, II-0303-outlet tube.
  • III-0204-the short end of the first and second screen is connected to the spring
  • III-0205-the outlet of the first-class screen III-03-the second-class screen
  • III-0301-the second-class screen Mesh baffle
  • III-0302-Second and tertiary sieve long end connection spring III-0303-Second and tertiary sieve short end connection spring
  • III-0304-Secondary sieve outlet III-04-Third level Screen, III-0401-three-level screen baffle, III-0402-three-level screen outlet, III-0501-screen support disc, III-0502-screen support spring.
  • IV-01-Upper drive drum support IV-02-Lower drive drum support, IV-03-Motor bottom plate, IV-04-First receiving box, IV-05-Screen support disc bottom plate, IV-06- The second receiving box, IV-07-collecting hopper, IV-08-fixed bracket for winnowing.
  • this embodiment discloses an adsorption and multi-stage screening type peanut pod cleaning and cleaning system, including a feeding device I, a winnowing device II, a vibrating screening device III and a frame IV. Partial composition, the feeding device is located on the side of the winnowing device and the vibrating screening device, the winnowing device is located above the vibrating screening device; the feeding device I, the winnowing device II, and the vibrating screening device III are all fixed on the frame superior.
  • the winnowing device II is fixed on the positive pressure fan fixing bracket IV-08 by fixing bolts.
  • the winnowing device adsorbs and cleans the residual peanut stems and leaves in the material, and the adsorbed material falls into the first stage of the vibrating screening device III In the screen III-02.
  • the screen support disc III-0501 in the vibrating screening device is connected to the screen support disc bottom plate IV-05 by fixing bolts to fix the vibrating screening device on the frame.
  • the materials are respectively on the first screen III-02 and the second screen.
  • Screening is carried out in the third-level screen III-03 and the third-level screen III-04, and the material is discharged from the first-level screen outlet III-0205, the second-level screen outlet III-0304 and the third-level screen respectively. Discharge from port III-0402 and complete the screening process.
  • the feeding device includes a box structure, the box structure is from the upper box I-01, the middle box I-02 and the lower box I-04 from top to bottom.
  • the bottom is arranged in order to form a cavity structure.
  • the feed box I-03 sends the material to the cavity structure.
  • the cavity structure is provided with an upper drive roller I-11 and a lower drive roller, a lower drive roller, an upper drive roller and a lower drive roller.
  • the drive roller controls the distance between the upper and lower drive rollers through the tensioning mechanism I-06, which is convenient to adjust the tension between the drive rollers.
  • the upper drive roller and the lower drive roller drive the rubber conveyor belt I-13 on it to move, and the rubber conveyor belt I-13.
  • a lifting hopper I-12 is evenly arranged on both sides, and the upper driving roller I-11 and the lower driving roller I-14 fix the feeding device I on the frame IV through the bearing support I-10.
  • the feeding device I is driven by a stepping motor I-09, and the feeding speed can be controlled by the stepping motor I-09.
  • the stepper motor drives the upper and lower drive rollers to rotate to drive the conveyor belt and then the hopper for intermittent feeding.
  • the stepper motor I-09 is driven by the deceleration of the small pulley I-08, the V-belt I-07 and the large pulley I-05.
  • the lower driving drum I-14 and the upper driving drum I-11 drive the rubber conveyor belt I-13 and the hopper I-12 above it to excavate and feed materials.
  • the hopper I-12 is made of flexible materials.
  • the hopper is a deep hopper.
  • the rear wall of the hopper is connected to the rubber conveyor belt by countersunk bolts I-1201.
  • the hopper digs materials from the lowering box I-04 and the feeding box I-03. , As the rubber conveyor belt moves to the top, the material is thrown out.
  • the tensioning mechanism in the feeding device is composed of bearing support I-10, two hex bolts I-0601, three hex nuts I-0602, and four spring washers I-0603, which can control up and down
  • the distance between the drive rollers is convenient to adjust the tension between the drive rollers.
  • the lifting hopper in the feeding device has a deep hopper structure.
  • the rear wall of the lifting hopper is connected with the conveyor belt using countersunk bolts, and the edge of the lifting hopper is made flexible to avoid damage to the material.
  • the upper drive roller and the lower drive roller of the feeding device are fixed on the frame with a bearing support, and the bearing support of the lower fixed drive roller is provided with a screw type tensioning mechanism to adjust the pulling force of the traction member.
  • the winnowing device II is composed of a positive pressure fan II-02, a sliding plate II-01 and an adsorption pipe II-03.
  • the sliding plate is inclined at a certain angle to ensure that the peanuts are under gravity and friction. It can slide down by itself.
  • the air separation adsorption device uses a positive pressure fan and an adsorption pipeline to generate negative pressure adsorption pressure.
  • the center line of the outlet nozzle section of the adsorption pipeline is aligned with the end of the slide plate, so that the adsorption pipeline can also negatively affect the peanuts when the peanuts fall onto the screen. Pressure adsorption cleaning.
  • the adsorption pipeline II-03 is designed based on the principle of Laval tube, mainly including: reducer tube II-0301, expansion tube II-0302 and lead out Tube II-0303.
  • the principle of negative pressure adsorption of the adsorption pipe is: the tapered tube shrinks to the throat junction, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, and the air flow generated by the positive pressure fan gradually accelerates; the cross-sectional area of the expansion tube gradually increases from the throat junction, and the air flow can continue to accelerate at this time.
  • the pressure at the throat is lower than the pressure value in the outstretching tube, which produces a certain suction effect on the airflow in the tube, and negative pressure is formed in the tube at this time.
  • the vibrating screening device is composed of three-stage vibrating screens, which are the first-level screen III-02, the second-level screen III-03, and the third-level screen III-04.
  • a primary screen baffle III-0201 is set on the periphery of the screen
  • a sliding baffle III-0202 is set on one side of the primary screen baffle
  • a primary screen outlet III is set on one side of the primary screen.
  • the primary screen is placed obliquely, and both ends are connected to the secondary screen through the long-end connection spring III-0203 of the primary and secondary screen and the short-end connection spring III-0204 of the primary and secondary screen respectively.
  • a secondary screen baffle III-030 is set around the secondary screen.
  • the two ends of the secondary screen are connected to the spring III-0302 through the long end of the secondary and tertiary screens, and the short end of the secondary and tertiary screens are connected to the spring III-030.
  • a three-stage screen baffle III-0401 is arranged around the three-stage screen, and a third-stage screen discharge port III-0402 is set on one side of the three-stage screen.
  • the lower part of the third-stage screen is supported by a spring III-0502 by the screen Connect to the screen support disc III-0501.
  • the vibrating screening device is composed of three-stage vibrating screens, each of which is connected with a discharge port, which is convenient for the materials to be screened out to fall into different positions.
  • the sliding baffle III-0202 takes over and falls into the primary screen III-02.
  • the impurities larger than the peanut pod particles are filtered out, and the impurities are removed from the primary screen.
  • the discharge port III-0205 slides down to the first receiving box IV-04, and peanut pods, peanuts and small particles of impurities fall into the secondary screen III-03.
  • the peanut pods are filtered through the secondary screen III-03.
  • the peanut pods slide out from the secondary screen discharge port III-0304 and collected.
  • the shredded peanuts and small particles fall into the third screen III -04 in.
  • the small particles of impurities are filtered out by the three-stage screen III-04.
  • the impurities fall from the three-stage screen III-04 and then pass through the collecting hopper IV-07 and then fall into the first receiving box IV-04.
  • the shredded peanuts slipped from the third-level screen to the third-level screen outlet III-0402, completing the cleaning of materials.
  • the whole vibrating screening device is driven by vibrating motor A III-0101 and vibrating motor B III-0102.
  • Two vibrating motors make the three-stage vibrating screen as a whole vibrate in a multi-rotation mode.
  • the installation method of two vibrating motors is: two vibrating motors They are installed on both sides of the vibrating device, and the rotating shaft is at a set installation angle.
  • Two foot-mounted vibration motors adjust the inclination angle of the vibration motor shaft through a nut.
  • the primary screen and the secondary screen in the vibrating screening device are elliptical plane perforated screens, and the third stage screen is a circular plane perforated screen.
  • each layer of screen In order to prevent materials from gathering to the edge during the vibrating screening process, the plane of each layer of screen can be recessed, and baffles are arranged around each layer of screen to prevent the material from being thrown out during the vibration process.
  • the entire device is sealed with a transparent plate, and at the same time, the internal working conditions of the system can be observed.
  • the frame includes a frame body. On one side of the frame body are respectively arranged an upper drive roller bracket IV-01 and a lower drive roller bracket IV-02, which are used to install and fix the upper drive roller. And the lower driving drum, the upper end of the frame body is equipped with a winnowing fixed bracket IV-08, which is used to install the winnowing device.
  • the lower part of the frame body is provided with a motor bottom plate IV-03, a screen support disc bottom plate IV-05 and a collection hopper. IV-07, the first collection box IV-04 and the second collection box IV-06 can be placed under the collection hopper.
  • the rack is provided with a support bracket and a positioning bottom plate to support or position each device. There is a certain gap between the whole vibrating screening device and the frame to prevent the screening device from colliding with the frame during the movement.
  • the first receiving box IV-04 and the second receiving box IV-06 are not an integral part of the rack, and the collected peanut impurities can be manually processed after receiving the material.
  • the working principle of the adsorption and multi-stage screening peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system of the present disclosure is:
  • the mixed peanut pods are sent to the feeding box of the feeding device, and the stepping motor drives the lifting hopper on the conveyor belt to intermittently lift and feed the mixed peanut pods.
  • the material is transported to the slide and slides downward under the action of its own gravity. During the downward movement, the winnowing device absorbs light impurities such as residual stems and leaves in the material.
  • the material absorbed by the air separation enters the primary screen driven by the vibrating motor, and the vibrating motor drives the screen through the bottom support to vibrate in a multi-rotation type to achieve the purpose of screening the material.
  • the sieved materials are divided into four parts: large impurities, peanut pods, shredded peanuts and small impurities, and are sent to different outlets to complete the adsorption, screening and cleaning work. Then repeat the above workflow for each station.
  • the feeding speed of the lifting hopper is controlled by controlling the speed of the stepping motor to achieve intermittent feeding; the winnowing device designed based on the principle of Laval tube, when the material slides from the slide to the screen under the action of gravity, the Light impurities such as dry stems and leaves are adsorbed under negative pressure; the screening device is driven by a vibrating motor.
  • Multi-layer screens are designed and different installation angles are used.
  • the screens are connected by springs to buffer the vibration of each layer of screens. The whole is connected to the frame through the bottom spring to provide a fixed support point for vibration, and each layer of screen is provided with discharge ports at different positions.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a working method of an adsorption and multi-stage screening peanut pod cleaning and impurity removal system, including:
  • the winnowing device When the material is sliding down by gravity, the winnowing device performs negative pressure adsorption on the light impurities in the material;
  • Multi-stage screening the material produces fluidity during the screening process, and impurities larger than peanut pods, peanut pods, shredded peanuts and small particles are separately screened out and discharged from different outlets.
  • the sliding plate in the winnowing device is inclined at a certain angle to ensure that the peanuts can slide down on their own under the action of gravity and friction.
  • V 1 is the average velocity at the fan inlet section
  • P 1 is the average pressure at the fan inlet section
  • S 1 is the cross-sectional area at the fan inlet section
  • V 2 is the average velocity at the throat section
  • P 2 is The average pressure at the throat section
  • S 2 is the cross-sectional area at the throat section
  • ⁇ is the air density.
  • W wind pressure
  • ⁇ air mass density
  • V wind speed
  • C a constant
  • V 1 is less than V 2
  • P 1 is less than P 2 . It has a certain acceleration effect on the airflow entering the pipe, causing the airflow velocity of the throat junction to be higher than that at the inlet, and the wind pressure is inversely proportional to the wind speed, so the pressure value of the throat junction is lower than the pressure at the inlet.
  • the reason why the remaining stems and leaves in the material can be adsorbed by the pipeline is that the floating speed of the full peanut pods and the remaining dry stems and leaves are different.
  • ⁇ T ⁇ T /(R ⁇ T T )
  • the size of the expansion tube can be calculated by the following formula:
  • the contraction section is to make the gas accelerate to the speed of sound under the state of subsonic speed.
  • the cone angle is generally set at 30°-60°. If the gas flow is too large, the acceleration distance is too long, and the energy loss is increased. Take 30° now.
  • ⁇ h f energy loss along the way
  • ⁇ h j local energy loss
  • ⁇ local head loss coefficient (dimensionless)
  • ⁇ head loss coefficient along the way
  • L pipe length
  • d pipe diameter
  • v fluid Flow velocity
  • g acceleration due to gravity.
  • a finite element analysis model was established based on the energy loss equation. The analysis found that when the angle between the outlet tube and the expansion tube axis is 50°, the wind pressure at the throat is the smallest, and the energy loss in the pipeline is small at this time.
  • the lead-out pipe is intersected with the tapered pipe and the expansion pipe. To ensure the adsorption effect, the cross-section of the lead-out pipe structure is trapezoidal, and the cross-sectional area gradually increases from the throat junction to the outside.
  • the distance between the air inlet plane of the outlet pipe and the plane of the carriage is designed to be 3 cm.
  • the installation method of the two vibration motors is as follows: the two vibration motors are separately installed on both sides of the vibration equipment, and their rotating shafts are at a set installation angle. Refer to FIG. 14 for the relationship between the center of mass of the vibration trajectory of the vibrating screening device, and refer to FIG. 17 for the three-axis coordinate system of peanut pods.
  • the mass of the two vibrating motors is M 1 , the center of mass is (X 1 , Y 1 ), the mass of the entire vibrating screening device is M, and the center of mass is (X, Y), and the coordinate system is established according to the support points to obtain:
  • the vibrating screening device can be driven to perform multi-rotation vibration.
  • m e is the total excitation Li Ju generated vibration motor; M is the total mass of the shaker.
  • the vibration frequency has an important effect on the efficiency of the vibrating screen.
  • the better screening efficiency is around 22 Hz.
  • the screened objects are hardly thrown up.
  • the particles fill the entire screen box like smoke and dust. Whether it is high-frequency or low-frequency screening, the screening efficiency is low.
  • the vibration frequency is slightly adjusted according to the actual situation of the work, so that the vibrating screen can be put into production more efficiently.
  • the angle between the screen surface and the horizontal plane is called the screen surface inclination angle ⁇ .
  • the size of the screen surface angle is closely related to the screen weight and screening efficiency of the vibrating screen. When the angle increases, the movement speed of the material on the screen surface increases, and the processing capacity increases, but the residence time of the material on the screen surface is shortened, and the screening efficiency is reduced. On the contrary, the angle is reduced, the productivity is reduced, but a better screening effect can be obtained.
  • the first-level screen and the third-level screen are the secondary sieves, and the inclination angle is 0-5°;
  • the angle between the vibration direction and the screen surface is called the vibration direction angle ⁇ .
  • the choice of ⁇ should refer to the nature of the material to be screened.
  • the vibration direction angle ⁇ should be large.
  • the throwing index D refers to the ratio of the vertical component of the maximum vibration acceleration of the equipment to the gravitational acceleration g during vibration. It directly reflects the material being sieved during the vibration process. The phase difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the movement under the combined force of gravity. The phase relationship between the high and low points directly affects the penetration rate and the material handling capacity of the vibrating screen.
  • K is the intensity of mechanical vibration
  • ⁇ is the angular speed of motor rotation
  • ⁇ is the amplitude
  • ⁇ is the vibration direction angle
  • ⁇ 0 is the inclination angle of the screen surface.
  • the three-axis coordinate system for establishing peanut pods is shown in Figure 17.
  • the three-axis dimensions of peanut pods of different varieties are obtained by experimental measurement and average value:
  • Width W 12.34mm-15.17mm
  • Thickness H 12.42mm-15.71mm
  • D g is the geometric mean of the peanuts; L is the length of the peanuts; W is the width of the peanuts; H is the height of the peanuts in mm.
  • the geometric mean D g of peanut pods is 17.72mm-20.13mm, and the arithmetic mean D a is 20.35mm-21.36mm.
  • the primary screen size value guarantees the maximum size of peanut pods
  • the secondary screen size value guarantees the minimum size of peanut pods
  • the third grade screen guarantees the minimum size of peanut pods.
  • 50% of the full peanut pod size value is defined as peanuts
  • the first-level screen III-02 chooses the oval shape of 25 ⁇ 15mm Plane punching sieve
  • secondary screen III-03 choose 17 ⁇ 6mm oval planar punching sieve.
  • the three-stage screen III-04 chooses 8mm circular flat punching screen.
  • Each layer of screen is surrounded by baffles to prevent materials from being thrown out during the screening process.
  • a spring connection is used between each level of screen to buffer and absorb vibration.
  • the choice of spring must have sufficient rigidity to prevent the screen plate from tilting too much in a certain direction.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé de tri et d'élimination des impuretés de cosses d'arachide de type par adsorption et tamisage à plusieurs étages, ledit système comprenant : un dispositif d'amenée (I), un dispositif de séparation par soufflage (II) et un dispositif de vibration et de tamisage (III). Le dispositif d'amenée (I) achemine par intermittence des matériaux au dispositif de séparation par soufflage (II). Le dispositif de séparation par soufflage (II) réalise une adsorption par pression négative sur les impuretés légères dans les matériaux dans le processus de glissement des matériaux sur le dispositif de vibration et de tamisage (III) sous l'action de la gravité. Le dispositif de vibration et de tamisage (III) comprend plusieurs étages de tamis et des moteurs vibrants avec deux arbres rotatifs formant un certain angle. Les multiples étages de tamis effectuent une vibration à rotations multiples en tant qu'ensemble, et les multiples étages de tamis sont respectivement montés à des angles différents, de sorte que les matériaux peuvent s'écouler pendant le tamisage et les grandes impuretés granulaires, plus grandes que les cosses d'arachide, les cosses d'arachide, et les petites impuretés granulaires sont respectivement éliminées par tamisage et déchargées par des orifices de décharge prévus sur chaque étage de tamis à des positions différentes.
PCT/CN2020/089271 2020-04-13 2020-05-08 Système et procédé de tri et d'élimination des impuretés de cosses d'arachide de type par adsorption et tamisage à plusieurs étages WO2021208159A1 (fr)

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