WO2021196766A1 - 发声装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

发声装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021196766A1
WO2021196766A1 PCT/CN2020/138576 CN2020138576W WO2021196766A1 WO 2021196766 A1 WO2021196766 A1 WO 2021196766A1 CN 2020138576 W CN2020138576 W CN 2020138576W WO 2021196766 A1 WO2021196766 A1 WO 2021196766A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
housing
sound
composite material
protective layer
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PCT/CN2020/138576
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王宇
陈国强
陈阿亮
刘广福
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021196766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196766A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/022—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of acoustics, in particular to a sound generating device and electronic equipment.
  • the sound emitting device usually includes a housing and a sounding monomer.
  • the sounding monomer is arranged in a cavity enclosed by the housing.
  • the sounding monomer is used to convert electrical energy into kinetic energy, drive the gas to vibrate, and radiate sound outward.
  • the sound-emitting unit heats up during operation, and the temperature rise may cause the sound-generating parts in the sound-generating unit to be thermally deformed, thereby affecting its acoustic performance, resulting in poor sounding effects of the sound-generating device.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device with good heat dissipation effect of the casing and capable of improving acoustic performance.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, including:
  • a housing in which a cavity is formed in which a cavity is formed
  • the vocal monomer is arranged in the cavity
  • the housing is set as a composite material piece
  • the composite material piece includes a protective layer and a heat conductive layer, and in a direction outward from the inside of the housing, the protective layer and the heat conductive layer
  • the layers are arranged in a layered arrangement, the rigidity of the protective layer is greater than that of the thermally conductive layer, and the thermal conductivity of the protective layer is smaller than that of the thermally conductive layer.
  • the density of the protective layer is greater than that of the thermally conductive layer.
  • the material of the protective layer is steel, and the material of the heat conducting layer is aluminum or graphite.
  • the protective layer is provided in multiples, and the multiple protective layers include a first steel layer and a second steel layer, and the heat conducting layer is provided on the first steel layer and the second steel layer. Between layers.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the first steel layer or the second steel layer to the thickness of the thermally conductive layer is not less than 0.4:1 and not more than 0.6:1.
  • the thickness ratio between the first steel layer, the second steel layer, and the heat conducting layer is 0.5:1:0.5.
  • the housing includes a plastic part, the plastic part is provided with an opening, the composite material part is arranged to cover the opening, and the peripheral side of the composite material part is embedded in the plastic Piece.
  • the composite material part is embedded in the plastic part by injection molding.
  • the vocal monomer separates the cavity to form a front acoustic cavity and a rear acoustic cavity that are arranged in a front-to-rear direction
  • the composite material piece is provided with two
  • the two composite material pieces are respectively provided
  • the two sides of the shell in the front and back upward direction are arranged opposite to the front and rear ends of the sound emitting unit.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, including the above-mentioned sound emitting device.
  • the present invention provides a sound generating device. At least a part of the housing of the sound generating device is set as a composite material piece.
  • the composite material piece includes a protective layer and a heat conductive layer. It is arranged in layers, the rigidity of the protective layer is greater than that of the heat-conducting layer, and the thermal conductivity of the protective layer is smaller than that of the heat-conducting layer. Due to the strong rigidity of the protective layer, the composite material part has better anti-deformation performance, which can better protect the sound monomer in the shell, and the thermal conductivity of the heat conduction layer is higher, which makes the overall thermal conductivity of the composite material part better.
  • the shell has better thermal conductivity under the premise of ensuring the strength, so that the vocal unit can quickly dissipate heat during operation, and the working temperature is maintained at a low level, avoiding high temperature affecting the performance of the vocal unit, thereby improving Acoustic performance of the vocal monomer, to obtain a better acoustic effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a sound generating device provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device in FIG. 1 from another angle;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the sounding device in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the sounding device in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the sounding device in Figure 4.
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the composite material part in Fig. 5.
  • Label name Label name 1 case 111
  • the first steel layer 2 Vocal monomer 112
  • Second steel layer 10 Composite parts 13 Plastic parts 11 Protective layer 31 Front vocal cavity 12 Thermal conductive layer 32 Back cavity
  • the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a specific posture, if the specific posture changes , The directional indication changes accordingly.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device and an electronic product with the sound emitting device.
  • the electronic product can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, televisions, computers, speakers, etc.
  • the main improvement point of the present invention is to improve the sound emitting device, the following combination
  • the sound device provided by the present invention is introduced and explained in detail.
  • the present invention provides a sounding device. Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • the sounding device includes a housing 1 and a sounding monomer 2.
  • a cavity is formed in the housing 1, and the sounding monomer 2 is arranged in the cavity.
  • the vocal unit 2 can be, but is not limited to, a moving coil type unit, a capacitive type unit, a piezoelectric type unit, an electromagnetic type unit, an electric ion type unit or a pneumatic type unit.
  • the sound-emitting unit 2 includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes a sounding part and a conversion part.
  • the vocal part is used for vibrating sound.
  • the conversion part is used to convert electrical energy into kinetic energy.
  • the vocal part is the diaphragm of the moving iron type monomer, the diaphragm of the moving coil type monomer, and so on.
  • the conversion part is a coil, an armature, etc.
  • the coil When working, the coil responds to the electric signal of the external circuit and moves in the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit system, and drives the vocal part to vibrate.
  • the vibrating part drives the gas to vibrate, thereby radiating sound outward.
  • heat will be generated, which will cause the temperature in the cavity to rise, which may cause deformation of the components in the sounding monomer 2, thereby affecting its acoustic performance.
  • the housing 1 is configured as a composite material 10, and the composite material 10 includes a protective layer 11 and a thermally conductive layer 12, and a protective layer 11 and The heat-conducting layer 12 is arranged in layers in the direction outward from the inside of the casing 1, the rigidity of the protective layer 11 is greater than that of the heat-conducting layer 12, and the thermal conductivity of the protective layer 11 is smaller than that of the heat-conducting layer 12.
  • the composite material part 10 Due to the strong rigidity of the protective layer 11, the composite material part 10 has better anti-deformation performance, which can better protect the sound-producing monomer 2 in the housing 1, and the thermal conductivity layer 12 has a higher thermal conductivity, which makes the composite material part 10 The overall thermal conductivity is better.
  • the housing 1 has better thermal conductivity under the premise of ensuring the strength, so that the sound monomer 2 can quickly dissipate heat during operation, and the working temperature is maintained at a low level to avoid the effect of high temperature.
  • the working performance of the monomer 2 thereby improving the acoustic performance of the sound-producing monomer 2, and obtaining a better acoustic effect.
  • the protective layer 11 and the heat-conducting layer 12 can be made of multiple materials.
  • the protective layer 11 is preferably a material with strong resistance to deformation and durability, as long as it can protect the internal parts of the housing 1, for example, Stainless steel, cold rolled steel or iron, etc.
  • the thermal conductive layer 12 is preferably a material with light weight and good thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum or graphite.
  • the density of the protective layer 11 is greater than that of the thermally conductive layer 12. In this way, the overall density of the composite material piece 10 is lowered, and the weight of the composite material piece 10 is reduced, which is beneficial to the lighter weight of the sound generating device, so that the overall weight of the housing 1 is lighter and the thermal conductivity is better.
  • the material of the protective layer 11 is steel, including but not limited to materials with strong rigidity and durability such as stainless steel and cold-rolled steel.
  • the material of the thermal conductive layer 12 is aluminum or graphite, which has good thermal conductivity and low density.
  • aluminum may be pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, as long as it contains aluminum and has a higher thermal conductivity than steel. Taking the protective layer 11 of stainless steel and the thermal conductive layer 12 of aluminum as an example, the thermal conductivity ⁇ of stainless steel is about 15-20, and the thermal conductivity ⁇ of aluminum is about 150-230, which is about 10 times that of stainless steel.
  • the performance of the heat conduction uniformity and speed of the composite material 10 is improved, which greatly improves the temperature rise effect of the sound generating device, thereby greatly improving the acoustic performance.
  • the density of stainless steel is about 7.9g/cm 3
  • the density of aluminum is about 2.7g/cm 3 , so that the overall density of the composite material 10 is reduced and the quality is reduced, thereby reducing the overall weight of the sound device, which is beneficial to the electronic equipment Lightweight.
  • the protective layer 11 is provided in multiples, and the multiple protective layers 11 include a first steel layer 111 and a second steel layer 112, and the heat conducting layer 12 is provided on the first steel layer 111 and the second steel layer. Between 112. As a result, the thermal conductive layer 12 is protected by the first steel layer 111 and the second steel layer 112 in the middle, which further improves the anti-deformation performance of the composite material 10, avoids damage to the thermal conductive layer 12, and prolongs the service life of the housing 1.
  • the thickness ratio between the thickness of the first steel layer 111 or the second steel layer 112 and the thermal conductive layer 12 is not less than 0.4:1 and not more than 0.6:1.
  • the composite On the premise that the material piece 10 has sufficient strength, the temperature rise performance of the housing 1 is significantly improved, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the sound generating device.
  • the thickness ratio between the first steel layer 111, the second steel layer 112, and the heat conducting layer 12 is 0.5:1:0.5.
  • the housing 1 includes a plastic part 113, which is provided with For the opening, the composite material part 10 is arranged to cover the opening, and the peripheral side of the composite material part is embedded in the plastic part 113.
  • the plastic part 113 is used to make the irregularly shaped or bent part of the shell 1, while the composite material part 10 is in a regular flat shape and is embedded in the plastic part 113, which is beneficial to the overall manufacture and molding of the shell 1 .
  • the composite material part 10 is embedded in the plastic part by injection molding. In this way, the sealing performance of the entire casing is ensured.
  • the sound-producing monomer 2 separates the cavities to form a front acoustic cavity 31 and a rear acoustic cavity 32 arranged in a front-to-back direction.
  • the composite material 10 is arranged in the thickness direction of the sounding device.
  • the distance between the composite material 10 and the sounding monomer 2 is shortened, which is conducive to heat conduction and dissipation along a shorter path.
  • due to the composite The material part 10 has a flatter shape relative to the plastic part 113, which is beneficial to reduce the overall thickness of the housing 1, thereby reducing the overall volume of the sound generating device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置，发声装置包括壳体和发声单体，壳体内形成有空腔，发声单体设于空腔内，其中，壳体至少部分区域设置为复合材料件，复合材料件包括防护层和导热层，在自壳体的内部向外的方向上，防护层和所导热层呈层叠设置，防护层的刚度大于导热层，防护层的导热系数小于导热层。壳体在保证强度的前提下导热性能更好，使得发声单体在工作时能够快速散热，工作温度被维持在较低的水平，避免由于高温影响发声单体的工作性能，从而提升发声单体的声学性能，获得更好的声学效果。

Description

发声装置及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及声学技术领域，具体涉及一种发声装置及电子设备。
背景技术
发声装置通常包括壳体和发声单体，发声单体设置于壳体围合形成的空腔中，发声单体用于将电能转换为动能，带动气体振动，从而向外辐射声音。发声单体在工作时会升温，升温可能导致发声单体中的发声部件受热变形，从而影响其声学性能，导致发声装置的发声效果不佳。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种壳体散热效果好，能够提升声学性能的发声装置。
本发明提供一种发声装置，包括：
壳体，所述壳体内形成有空腔；以及，
发声单体，设于所述空腔内；
其中，所述壳体至少部分区域设置为复合材料件，所述复合材料件包括防护层和导热层，在自所述壳体的内部向外的方向上，所述防护层和所述所导热层呈层叠设置，所述防护层的刚度大于所述导热层，所述防护层的导热系数小于所述导热层。
在一实施例中，所述防护层的密度大于所述导热层。
在一实施例中，所述防护层的材质为钢，所述导热层的材质为铝或石墨。
在一实施例中，所述防护层设置为多个，所述多个防护层包括第一钢层和第二钢层，所述导热层设于所述第一钢层与所述第二钢层之间。
在一实施例中，所述第一钢层或所述第二钢层的厚度与所述导热层之间的厚度比不小于0.4:1，且不大于0.6:1。
在一实施例中，所述第一钢层、所述第二钢层、及所述导热层之间的厚 度比为0.5:1:0.5。
在一实施例中，所述壳体包括塑料件，所述塑料件上开设有开口，所述复合材料件盖合所述开口设置，且所述复合材料件的周侧嵌设于所述塑料件中。
在一实施例中，所述复合材料件注塑嵌设于所述塑料件中。
在一实施例中，所述发声单体将所述空腔分隔形成在前后向依次排布的前声腔和后声腔，所述复合材料件设有两个，所述两个复合材料件分别设于壳体在前后向上的两侧，且对应与所述发声单体的前后端呈相对设置。
本发明还提供一种电子设备，包括如上所述的发声装置。
本发明提供一种发声装置，发声装置的壳体至少部分区域设置为复合材料件，复合材料件包括防护层和导热层，在自壳体的内部向外的方向上，防护层和所导热层呈层叠设置，防护层防护层的刚度大于导热层，防护层的导热系数小于导热层。由于防护层刚度较强，使得复合材料件具有较好的抗变形性能，从而能够较好地保护壳体中的发声单体，而导热层导热系数较高，使得复合材料件整体导热性较好，如此，壳体在保证强度的前提下导热性能更好，使得发声单体在工作时能够快速散热，工作温度被维持在较低的水平，避免由于高温影响发声单体的工作性能，从而提升发声单体的声学性能，获得更好的声学效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的发声装置一实施例的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1中发声装置另一角度的立体结构示意图；
图3为图1中发声装置的俯视图；
图4为图1中发声装置的正视图；
图5为图4中发声装置的A-A剖视图；
图6为图5中复合材料件的放大示意图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
1 壳体 111 第一钢层
2 发声单体 112 第二钢层
10 复合材料件 13 塑料件
11 防护层 31 前声腔
12 导热层 32 后声腔
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优异效果，下面将结合具体实施例以及附图做进一步的说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B”为例，包括A方案、或B方案、或A和B同时满足的方案。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以 相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提供一种发声装置、以及具有所述发声装置的电子产品，电子产品可以但不限于手机、电视机、电脑、音箱等等，本发明的主要改进点在于对发声装置进行改进，以下结合对本发明提供的发声装置做详细介绍和说明。
本发明提供一种发声装置，请参阅图1至图5发声装置包括壳体1和发声单体2，壳体1内形成有空腔，发声单体2设于空腔内。
发声单体2可以是但不局限于动圈式单体、电容式单体、压电式单体、电磁式单体、电离子式单体或气动式单体。例如，在动圈式单体中，发声单体2包括磁路***和振动***。振动***包括发声部和转换部。发声部用于振动发声。转换部用于将电能转换为动能。发声部为动铁式单体的膜片、动圈式单体的振膜等。转换部为线圈、衔铁等。在工作时，线圈响应外部电路的电信号在磁路***的磁场中受力而移动，并带动发声部振动。振动部带动气体振动，从而向外辐射声音。发声单体2在工作过程中，会产生热量，致使空腔中的温度升高，可能导致发声单体2中的部件变形，从而影响其声学性能。
为此，请参阅图4至图6，本发明提供的发声装置，其壳体1的至少部分区域设置为复合材料件10，复合材料件10包括防护层11和导热层12，防护层11和所导热层12自壳体1内部向外的方向上呈层叠设置，防护层11防护层11的刚度大于导热层12，防护层11的导热系数小于导热层12。由于防护层11刚度较强，使得复合材料件10具有较好的抗变形性能，从而能够较好地保护壳体1中的发声单体2，而导热层12导热系数较高，使得复合材料件10整体导热性较好，如此，壳体1在保证强度的前提下导热性能更好，使得发声单体2在工作时能够快速散热，工作温度被维持在较低的水平，避免由于高温影响发声单体2的工作性能，从而提升发声单体2的声学性能，获得更好的声学效果。
防护层11和导热层12的材料分别可以有多种，总体而言，防护层11优选抗变形能力强且耐用的材料，只要能够起到保护壳体1内部件的作用即可， 例如可以是不锈钢、冷轧钢或铁等。而导热层12优选质量轻且导热性较好的材质，例如可以是铜、铝或石墨。
在一实施例中，所述防护层11的密度大于所述导热层12。如此，使得复合材料件10的整体密度较低，减轻复合材料件10的重量，有利于发声装置的轻量化，使得壳体1整体重量较轻且导热性能较好。
优选，防护层11的材质为钢，包括但不限于不锈钢、冷轧钢等刚度较强且耐用的材料。而导热层12的材质为铝或石墨，导热性较好，且密度较小。在本实施例中，铝可以是纯铝，也可以是铝合金，只要是含铝且导热系数比钢高的含铝合金即可。以防护层11为不锈钢、导热层12为铝为例，不锈钢的导热系数λ约在15～20之间，铝的导热系数λ约在150～230之间，是不锈钢的10倍左右，相较于单独的不锈钢材料壳体1，复合材料件10导热均匀性和速率等性能提高，对发声装置的温升效果有更大改善，从而较大程度提高声学性能。并且不锈钢的密度约为7.9g/cm 3，而铝的密度约为2.7g/cm 3，使得复合材料件10的整体密度降低，质量减轻，从而减轻发声装置的整体重量，有利于电子设备的轻量化。
在上一实施例的基础上，防护层11设置为多个，多个防护层11包括第一钢层111和第二钢层112，导热层12设于第一钢层111与第二钢层112之间。使得导热层12被第一钢层111和第二钢层112保护在中间，进一步地提升复合材料件10的抗变形性能，且避免导热层12损坏，延长壳体1的使用寿命。
在上一实施例的基础上，可以理解，当导热层12相对于防护层11厚度过大，则无法保证复合材料件10的抗变形性能，而当导热层12相对于防护层11厚度过小，又可能导致无法显著提升壳体1的导热性能。为此，第一钢层111或所述第二钢层112的厚度与所述导热层12之间的厚度比不小于0.4:1，且不大于0.6:1，在此范围内，能够使得复合材料件10在具有足够强度的前提下，较为显著地提升壳体1的温升性能，从而提升发声装置的声学性能。最好，第一钢层111、第二钢层112、及导热层12之间的厚度比为0.5:1:0.5。
由于复合材料件10呈多层设置，不容易弯折或者被成型为不规则的外形，因此，在本实施例中，请参阅图5，壳体1包括塑料件113，塑料件113上开设有开口，复合材料件10盖合于开口设置，且复合材料件的周侧嵌设于塑料 件113中。如此，采用塑料件113制作壳体1中形状不规则或者弯折的部分，而复合材料件10则呈规则的扁平状，嵌设于塑料件113中，有利于壳体1整体的制造和成型。
具体地，复合材料件10注塑嵌设于所述塑料件中。如此，保证壳体整体的密封性能。
在上一实施例的基础上，发声单体2将空腔分隔形成在前后向依次排布的前声腔31和后声腔32，复合材料件10设有两个，且两个复合材料件10分别设于壳体1在前后向上的两侧，两个复合材料件10分别与发声单体2的前后端对应呈相对设置。如此，使得复合材料件10在发声装置的厚度方向上布置，一方面缩短了复合材料件10与发声单体2之间的距离，有利于热量沿较短的路径导热散发，另一方面由于复合材料件10相对于塑料件113具有更为扁平的形状，有利于减少壳体1的整体厚度，从而减少发声装置的整体体积。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体内形成有空腔；以及，
    发声单体，设于所述空腔内；
    其中，所述壳体至少部分区域设置为复合材料件，所述复合材料件包括防护层和导热层，在自所述壳体的内部向外的方向上，所述防护层和所述所导热层呈层叠设置，所述防护层的刚度大于所述导热层，所述防护层的导热系数小于所述导热层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述防护层的密度大于所述导热层。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述防护层的材质为钢，所述导热层的材质为铝或石墨。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任意一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述防护层设置为多个，所述多个防护层包括第一钢层和第二钢层，所述导热层设于所述第一钢层与所述第二钢层之间。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一钢层或所述第二钢层的厚度与所述导热层之间的厚度比不小于0.4:1，且不大于0.6:1。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一钢层、所述第二钢层、及所述导热层之间的厚度比为0.5:1:0.5。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括塑料件，所述塑料件上开设有开口，所述复合材料件盖合所述开口设置，且所述复合材料件的周侧嵌设于所述塑料件中。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述复合材料件注塑嵌设于所述塑料件中。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声单体将所述空腔分隔形成在前后向依次排布的前声腔和后声腔，所述复合材料件设有两个，所述两个复合材料件分别设于壳体在前后向上的两侧，且对应与所述发声单体的前后端呈相对设置。
  10. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的发声装置。
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