WO2021187499A1 - Die and processing method using die - Google Patents

Die and processing method using die Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021187499A1
WO2021187499A1 PCT/JP2021/010694 JP2021010694W WO2021187499A1 WO 2021187499 A1 WO2021187499 A1 WO 2021187499A1 JP 2021010694 W JP2021010694 W JP 2021010694W WO 2021187499 A1 WO2021187499 A1 WO 2021187499A1
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Prior art keywords
mold
work
reaction force
die
pressing
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PCT/JP2021/010694
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康平 大橋
充範 加藤
俊明 山崎
昇一 堀川
博之 堀川
秀明 出口
山本　正弘
Original Assignee
日軽金アクト株式会社
株式会社ホリカワ工業
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Application filed by 日軽金アクト株式会社, 株式会社ホリカワ工業 filed Critical 日軽金アクト株式会社
Priority to CN202180018262.9A priority Critical patent/CN115210011A/en
Priority to JP2022508389A priority patent/JP7276758B2/en
Priority to US17/777,380 priority patent/US20220402010A1/en
Publication of WO2021187499A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021187499A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
    • B21D5/10—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles for making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B21D5/015—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments for making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides

Definitions

  • a UO bending processing method including a first step of processing a work into a U shape and a second step of processing a work processed into a U shape into an O shape. It has been known.
  • This processing method is a method in which a metal plate material as a work is placed on a die (fixed portion) in which a groove is formed and pressed from above using a punch (movable portion) (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 1). 2).
  • the pressing surface of the upper die is formed of a cylindrical core metal member extending along the longitudinal direction of the lower die.
  • the pressing surface can be easily formed.
  • the core metal member removable, it is possible to easily install the core metal member having a different outer diameter according to the plate thickness dimension of the work.
  • a hard chrome plating layer is formed on the surfaces of the lower movable portion and the edge portion of the receiving member.
  • the upper mold 30 is configured to be movable up and down by a drive mechanism (not shown).
  • the upper mold 30 includes a base portion 38 having a lower end portion 30a (see FIG. 5) having a concave cross section, and a core metal member 31 attached to the lower end portion 30a of the base portion 38.
  • the core metal member 31 includes a pressing surface 32 facing the lower mold 20.
  • the core metal member 31 is a cylindrical member extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper die 30 (extending direction of the work 100). As shown in FIG. 4, the core metal member 31 is fixed to the lower end portion 30a of the base portion 38 by a plurality of mounting bolts 33 (only one is shown in the drawing) arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the upper die 30. Has been done.
  • the core metal member 31 can be attached and detached by screwing with each mounting bolt 33.
  • the finished inner diameter (outer diameter) of the pipe material formed from the work 100 can be changed by changing to the core metal member 31 having a different outer diameter.
  • the lower mold 20 serves as a reaction force generating member that supports the mounting portion 50 fixed to the pedestal portion 40, the lower movable portion 60, and the lower movable portion 60 from below. It is equipped with a gas spring 70 of the above.
  • the mounting portion 50 is formed with a concave groove portion 52 along the longitudinal direction A (see FIG. 1). Receiving members 54 and 54 are housed on both sides of the groove portion 52. The receiving members 54, 54 are detachably fixed to the mounting portion 50 by a plurality of bolts 56 inserted into the mounting portion 50 from both side portions (see FIG. 4).
  • both end portions 62f, 62f of the lower movable portion 60 and the upper surface portions 54a, 54a of the receiving members 54, 54 come into contact with the lower surface of the work 100.
  • the upper mold 30 is in the retracted position, and the description in the figure is omitted.
  • FIG. 8E shows a process of moving the O-shaped upper mold 30A upward to set it as a retracted position.
  • the O-shaped bent pipe material 120 can be easily taken out from the bending machine 1 together with the cylindrical member 90.
  • the processing process of the pipe material 120 is completed by pulling out the cylindrical member 90 from the pipe material 120.
  • the pipe material 120 is formed as a product in which the end portions 121 have a gap and face each other.
  • the reaction force generating member is the gas spring 70
  • the initial reaction force is stronger than when other reaction force generating members such as springs are used, and the work 100 is strengthened by the upper die 30 and the lower die 20. Can be retained. Therefore, the work 100 is firmly held so as to be embraced along the pressing surface 32 having a circular cross section, and sufficient stress is applied to the work 100 while preventing the work 100 from slipping or shifting. Therefore, the moldability is improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a die and a processing method which uses the die, whereby breakage or wrinkling of a workpiece can be suppressed during bending thereof. A die for bending of a plate-shaped workpiece (100). The present invention comprises a lower die (20) on which the workpiece (100) is loaded, and an upper die (30) in which is formed a pressing surface (32) for pressing the workpiece (100) toward the lower die (20). The lower die (20) comprises a lower movable part (60) which is capable of sliding in the same direction as the movement direction of the upper die (30), a reaction force generating member (70) for elastically supporting the lower movable part (60) from below, and a receiving member (54) positioned on both side parts of the lower movable part (60). The pressing surface (32) has an arcuate cross-sectional shape that is convex toward the lower die (20), and extends along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece (100). The maximally pressed-in position of the lower end part of the pressing surface is at a greater depth than a position that is the inside diameter finished dimension of the workpiece lower than the upper surface of the lower die.

Description

金型および金型を用いた加工方法Molds and processing methods using dies
　本発明は、板状のワークから管状に曲げ加工するための金型および金型を用いた加工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a mold for bending a plate-shaped work into a tubular shape and a processing method using a mold.
　従来、この種の金型の加工方法としては、ワークをＵ字状に加工する第１工程とＵ字状に加工したワークをＯ字状に加工する第２工程とを備えたＵＯ曲げ加工方法が知られている。この加工方法は、溝が形成されたダイス（固定部）の上にワークとしての金属板材を載置し、上方からポンチ（可動部）を用いて押圧する方法である（例えば、特許文献１，２参照）。 Conventionally, as a processing method of this type of mold, a UO bending processing method including a first step of processing a work into a U shape and a second step of processing a work processed into a U shape into an O shape. It has been known. This processing method is a method in which a metal plate material as a work is placed on a die (fixed portion) in which a groove is formed and pressed from above using a punch (movable portion) (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 1). 2).
　特許文献１は、板材を凹型の半円筒形面を有する下型に載置し、板材を凸型半円筒形面を有する上型で押して、Ｕ字状に成形する加工方法を開示している。
　また、特許文献２は、凸部を有するパンチと凹部を有するダイとにより成形する際に、制御装置によりパンチ側へ鋼板を押し付けて圧力を加えながら成形する装置を開示している。 Patent Document 1 discloses a processing method in which a plate material is placed on a lower mold having a concave semi-cylindrical surface, and the plate material is pressed by an upper mold having a convex semi-cylindrical surface to form a U shape. ..
Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an apparatus in which a steel plate is pressed against a punch side by a control device and pressure is applied when molding is performed by a punch having a convex portion and a die having a concave portion.
特開昭５８－１０７２２０号JP-A-58-107220 特開２００４－１９５５０４号Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-195504
　近年、アルミニウム等の金属とセラミック等とからなる板状の金属基複合材を曲げ加工して形成される曲げ加工品が知られている。このような金属基複合材のうち、特にアルミニウムとセラミックとから構成される複合材は、ワークの延展性が低いという特性を有している。このため、従来の加工方法により曲げ加工を行うと、曲げた箇所の外側に引っ張り応力（以下、張力ともいう）が作用して、破断、亀裂が発生し易かった。また、曲げた箇所の内側には、圧縮力が加わり易く、しわ等が発生し易かった。 In recent years, bent products formed by bending a plate-shaped metal-based composite material made of a metal such as aluminum and ceramic or the like are known. Among such metal-based composite materials, a composite material composed of aluminum and ceramic has a characteristic that the ductility of the work is low. For this reason, when bending is performed by a conventional processing method, tensile stress (hereinafter, also referred to as tension) acts on the outside of the bent portion, and breakage and cracks are likely to occur. In addition, a compressive force is likely to be applied to the inside of the bent portion, and wrinkles and the like are likely to occur.
　このような金属基複合材（ワーク）をＵ字状に加工する場合、特許文献１に記載されている加工方法では、上方のポンチでワークを加圧する際にワークの曲げ起点から外側の側面に沿って発生した張力により、ワークが破断してしまうおそれがあった。
　また、特許文献２に記載されている加工方法では、下方からの押圧により上下のパンチでワークを抑え込みながら加工することができるが、ダイの凹部端面がアール状の面でないため、ワークの曲げ起点から生じる張力がこの隙間に逃げ込み易く、ワークが破断し易いといった課題があった。 When such a metal-based composite material (work) is processed into a U shape, in the processing method described in Patent Document 1, when the work is pressed by the upper punch, the work is moved from the bending starting point to the outer side surface. There was a risk that the work would break due to the tension generated along the line.
Further, in the processing method described in Patent Document 2, processing can be performed while holding down the work with upper and lower punches by pressing from below, but since the concave end surface of the die is not a rounded surface, the bending starting point of the work. There is a problem that the tension generated from the work easily escapes into this gap and the work is easily broken.
　そこで、本発明は、このような課題を解決するために創作されたものであり、曲げ加工を行う際のワークの破断やしわの発生を抑制することができる金型および金型を用いた加工方法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been created to solve such a problem, and is a die and a process using a die capable of suppressing the occurrence of breakage and wrinkles of the work during bending. The challenge is to provide a method.
　前記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る金型は、板状のワークを曲げ加工するための金型であって、前記ワークが載置される下型と、前記ワークを前記下型に向けて押圧する押圧面が形成された上型とを備えている。前記下型は、前記上型の移動方向と同方向にスライド可能な下側可動部と、前記下側可動部を下方から弾性支持する反力発生部材と、前記下側可動部の両側部に位置する受け部材と、を備えている。前記押圧面は、前記下型に向けて凸となる断面円弧状を呈するとともに、前記ワークの長手方向に沿って延在している。前記押圧面の下端部の最大押し込み位置は、前記下型の上面から前記ワークの内径仕上げ寸法分下がった位置よりも深い位置である。 In order to solve the above problems, the mold according to the present invention is a mold for bending a plate-shaped work, and the lower mold on which the work is placed and the work are directed toward the lower mold. It is provided with an upper die on which a pressing surface is formed. The lower mold has a lower movable portion that can slide in the same direction as the moving direction of the upper mold, a reaction force generating member that elastically supports the lower movable portion from below, and both side portions of the lower movable portion. It is provided with a receiving member to be located. The pressing surface has an arcuate cross-section that is convex toward the lower mold and extends along the longitudinal direction of the work. The maximum pushing position of the lower end portion of the pressing surface is a position deeper than the position lowered by the inner diameter finishing dimension of the work from the upper surface of the lower mold.
　本発明では、上型を下方へ向けて移動させ、ワークを押圧面によって押圧すると、上下方向からワークに圧縮力をかけながら下型にワークが押し付けられＵ字状の曲げ加工が行われる。この際、押圧面の下端部が、下型の上面から前記ワークの内径仕上げ寸法分下がった位置よりも深い位置まで押し込まれるので、断面円形状の押圧面に沿ってＵ字状に折り曲げられる範囲の全体に亘ってワークが抱き込まれるように固定され、ワークの滑りやズレが防止されながらワークに十分な応力が加えられる。これにより、曲げ加工を行う際のワークの破断やしわの発生を抑制することができる。 In the present invention, when the upper die is moved downward and the work is pressed by the pressing surface, the work is pressed against the lower die while applying a compressive force to the work from the vertical direction, and a U-shaped bending process is performed. At this time, since the lower end of the pressing surface is pushed from the upper surface of the lower mold to a position deeper than the position lowered by the inner diameter finishing dimension of the work, the range in which the lower end is bent in a U shape along the pressing surface having a circular cross section. The work is fixed so as to be embraced over the entire surface, and sufficient stress is applied to the work while preventing the work from slipping or shifting. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of breakage and wrinkles of the work during the bending process.
　また、前記反力発生部材は、ガススプリングであることが好ましい。ガススプリングを用いることで、バネ等の他の反力発生部材を用いた場合に比べて初期反力が強く、上型と下型とによりワークを強固に保持することができる。したがって、断面円形状の押圧面に沿ってワークが抱き込まれるように強固に保持され、ワークの滑りやズレが防止されながらワークに十分な応力が加えられる。したがって、成形性が高まる。 Further, the reaction force generating member is preferably a gas spring. By using the gas spring, the initial reaction force is stronger than when another reaction force generating member such as a spring is used, and the work can be firmly held by the upper die and the lower die. Therefore, the work is firmly held so as to be embraced along the pressing surface having a circular cross section, and sufficient stress is applied to the work while preventing the work from slipping or shifting. Therefore, the moldability is improved.
　また、前記反力発生部材が前記下型の長手方向に沿って複数個配列されていることが好ましい。このように構成することで、ワークが長尺状を呈していても、長手方向で均一な反力を生じさせて、長手方向の各部分で同様の曲げ加工を行うことができる。そして、ガススプリングを下型の長手方向に沿って複数個、配置することにより、ワークの長手方向寸法に適応した長さの金型を構成することができる。 Further, it is preferable that a plurality of the reaction force generating members are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lower mold. With this configuration, even if the work has a long shape, a uniform reaction force can be generated in the longitudinal direction, and the same bending process can be performed in each portion in the longitudinal direction. Then, by arranging a plurality of gas springs along the longitudinal direction of the lower mold, it is possible to form a mold having a length adapted to the longitudinal dimension of the work.
　また、前記反力発生部材は、反力の大きさを調整可能であることが好ましい。このように構成することで、ワークの大きさや強度、上型の押圧力等に応じて、適宜、必要とされる反力を設定して、曲げ加工に必要とされる曲げ応力に対して十分な反力を発生させることができる。 Further, it is preferable that the reaction force generating member can adjust the magnitude of the reaction force. With such a configuration, the required reaction force is appropriately set according to the size and strength of the work piece, the pressing force of the upper die, etc., and is sufficient for the bending stress required for bending. Can generate a reaction force.
　また、前記下側可動部は、前記上型の前記押圧面に対向する湾曲凹状の押圧受面を備えており、前記押圧受面の径寸法と前記上型の前記押圧面の径寸法との差は、前記ワークの厚み寸法よりも小さいことが好ましい。このように構成することで、上下方向からワークに圧縮力を好適にかけながら下型にワークが押し付けられるようになり、断面円形状の押圧面に沿ってワークが抱き込まれるように強固に保持される。したがって、成形性が向上する。 Further, the lower movable portion includes a curved concave pressing surface facing the pressing surface of the upper die, and has a diameter dimension of the pressing surface and a diameter dimension of the pressing surface of the upper die. The difference is preferably smaller than the thickness dimension of the work. With this configuration, the work can be pressed against the lower mold while applying a compressive force to the work from the vertical direction, and the work is firmly held so as to be embraced along the pressing surface having a circular cross section. NS. Therefore, the moldability is improved.
　また、前記上型の前記押圧面は、前記下型の長手方向に沿って延在する円筒状の芯金部材で形成されていることが好ましい。このように構成することで、押圧面を容易に形成できる。また、芯金部材を着脱可能に構成することで、ワークの板厚寸法に応じて外径の異なる芯金部材を簡単に設置できる。 Further, it is preferable that the pressing surface of the upper die is formed of a cylindrical core metal member extending along the longitudinal direction of the lower die. With this configuration, the pressing surface can be easily formed. Further, by making the core metal member removable, it is possible to easily install the core metal member having a different outer diameter according to the plate thickness dimension of the work.
　また、前記下側可動部は、前記受け部材の内側に収容されており、その可動範囲は、前記反力発生部材の最大ストローク距離と同等であることが好ましい。このように構成することで、反力発生部材のフルストローク後にワークに向けて上型をさらに押し込むという加工が可能となり、ワークの成形性が向上する。 Further, it is preferable that the lower movable portion is housed inside the receiving member, and the movable range thereof is equivalent to the maximum stroke distance of the reaction force generating member. With this configuration, it is possible to further push the upper die toward the work after the full stroke of the reaction force generating member, and the formability of the work is improved.
　また、前記受け部材の内縁部は、前記押圧面の半径よりも小さい半径のアール状であることが好ましい。このように構成することで、曲げ加工時の応力の集中を緩和することができる。 Further, it is preferable that the inner edge portion of the receiving member has a radius shape smaller than the radius of the pressing surface. With this configuration, the stress concentration during bending can be relaxed.
　また、前記下側可動部及び前記受け部材の縁部の表面には、硬質クロムめっき層が形成されていることが好ましい。このように構成することで、金型の摩耗を防止できる。 Further, it is preferable that a hard chrome plating layer is formed on the surfaces of the lower movable portion and the edge portion of the receiving member. With such a configuration, wear of the mold can be prevented.
　また、加工方法は、前記下型に前記ワークをセッティングする工程と、前記上型で前記ワークを押圧する工程と、前記反力発生部材の反力で前記上型の移動方向と逆方向へ前記ワークを付勢しながら、前記下側可動部及び前記上型を下方に進行させる工程と、を備えることが好ましい。 Further, the processing methods include a step of setting the work on the lower mold, a step of pressing the work with the upper mold, and the reaction force of the reaction force generating member in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the upper mold. It is preferable to include a step of advancing the lower movable portion and the upper mold downward while urging the work.
　また、加工方法は、保護シートで保護した前記ワークを前記下型にセッティングする工程と、前記上型で前記ワークを押圧する工程と、前記反力発生部材の反力で前記上型の移動方向と逆方向へ前記ワークを付勢しながら、前記下側可動部及び前記上型を下方に進行させる工程と、を備えることが好ましい。 Further, the processing methods include a step of setting the work protected by the protective sheet on the lower mold, a step of pressing the work with the upper mold, and a moving direction of the upper mold by the reaction force of the reaction force generating member. It is preferable to include a step of advancing the lower movable portion and the upper mold downward while urging the work in the opposite direction to the above.
　また、加工方法は、前記金型を用いた加工を施したＵ字状部材を、さらにＯ字状に曲げ加工を行い、管材に仕上げる工程を備えることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the processing method includes a step of further bending the U-shaped member processed using the mold into an O-shape to finish the pipe material.
　本発明によれば、曲げ加工を行う際のワークの破断やしわの発生を抑制することができる金型および金型を用いた加工方法が得られる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a die and a machining method using a die that can suppress the occurrence of breakage and wrinkles of the work during bending.
本発明の一実施形態に係る金型及び金型を用いた加工方法が適用される金型周りの全体構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure around the mold to which the mold which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the processing method using a mold are applied. 金型のうち下型を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the lower mold among the molds. 下型を図２のＩＩＩ－ＩＩＩ線に沿う断面で示した全体構成の側面図である。It is a side view of the whole structure which showed the lower mold in the cross section along the line III-III of FIG. Ｕ字曲げ加工時の様子を示した縦断面図である。It is a vertical cross-sectional view which showed the state at the time of U-shaped bending processing. Ｕ字曲げ加工時の要部を示した拡大縦断面図である。It is an enlarged vertical sectional view which showed the main part at the time of U-shaped bending processing. Ｕ字曲げ加工時にワークを下型にセッティングする工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process of setting a work in a lower mold at the time of U-shaped bending processing. Ｕ字曲げ加工時に上型でワークを押圧する工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process of pressing a work with an upper die at the time of a U-shaped bending process. Ｕ字曲げ加工時に上型でワークを押圧する工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process of pressing a work with an upper die at the time of a U-shaped bending process. Ｕ字曲げ加工時に反力発生部材がフルストロークした状態を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the state which the reaction force generating member made a full stroke at the time of U-shaped bending processing. Ｕ字曲げ加工時に上型を退避させる状態を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the state which retracted the upper die at the time of U-shaped bending processing. Ｏ字曲げ加工時の様子を示した縦断面図である。It is a vertical cross-sectional view which showed the state at the time of O-shaped bending processing. Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＵ字状部材をＯ字下型にセッティングする工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process of setting a U-shaped member into an O-shaped lower shape at the time of O-shaped bending processing. Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＯ字上型をＵ字状部材に向けて下方に進行させる工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process which advances the O-shaped upper die downward toward a U-shaped member at the time of O-shaped bending process. Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＯ字上型をＵ字状部材に向けて下方に進行させる途中の工程を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the process in the process of advancing the O-shaped upper mold downward toward a U-shaped member at the time of O-shaped bending processing. Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＵ字状部材からＯ字状の管材に加工された状態を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the state which the U-shaped member was processed into the O-shaped pipe material at the time of O-shaped bending processing. Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＯ字上型を退避させる状態を示した工程図である。It is a process drawing which showed the state which retracted the O-shaped upper mold at the time of O-shaped bending processing.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１は実施形態の曲げ加工機１に用いられる金型１０を示す斜視図である。以下では、第１に、ワーク１００をＵ字状部材１１０に加工する金型１０及び加工方法について説明し、第２に、Ｕ字状部材１１０を管材１２０に加工する金型１０Ａ及び加工方法について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a mold 10 used in the bending machine 1 of the embodiment. In the following, first, the mold 10 for processing the work 100 into the U-shaped member 110 and the processing method will be described, and secondly, the mold 10A for processing the U-shaped member 110 into the pipe material 120 and the processing method will be described. explain.
　金型１０は、板状ワーク１００をＵ字状に曲げ加工するものである。金型１０は、ワーク１００を載置する下型２０と、ワーク１００を押圧する上型３０とを備えている。 The mold 10 is for bending the plate-shaped work 100 into a U shape. The mold 10 includes a lower mold 20 on which the work 100 is placed and an upper mold 30 for pressing the work 100.
　加工の対象となるワーク１００は、図５に示すように、コア部１０１と、コア部１０１の表裏に設けられたスキン部１０２，１０２とから主に構成されている。コア部１０１は、アルミニウム粉末およびタングステン粉末、酸化ガドリニウム粉末もしくは、ホウ素（Ｂ４Ｃ）の混合材によって構成されることにより、放射線もしくは中性子線の遮蔽性能を有している。コア部１０１（ワーク１００）は、加工前においては平板状を呈する（図６Ａ参照）。このような複合材は、アルミニウム合金と比較して延展性が低いという特性を有している。 As shown in FIG. 5, the work 100 to be processed is mainly composed of a core portion 101 and skin portions 102 and 102 provided on the front and back surfaces of the core portion 101. The core portion 101 is composed of a mixed material of aluminum powder, tungsten powder, gadolinium oxide powder, or boron (B4C), and thus has a radiation or neutron beam shielding performance. The core portion 101 (work 100) has a flat plate shape before processing (see FIG. 6A). Such a composite material has a property of low ductility as compared with an aluminum alloy.
　スキン部１０２は、コア部１０１の表裏面を略全面に亘り、それぞれ覆うように設けられている。スキン部１０２は、延展性の良好なアルミニウム合金によって構成されている。各スキン部１０２は、コア部１０１と比較して厚さ方向の寸法がそれぞれ小さくなるように形成されている。 The skin portion 102 is provided so as to cover the front and back surfaces of the core portion 101 over substantially the entire surface. The skin portion 102 is made of an aluminum alloy having good ductility. Each skin portion 102 is formed so that the dimension in the thickness direction is smaller than that of the core portion 101.
　上型３０は、図示しない駆動機構によって、上下に移動可能に構成されている。上型３０は、断面凹状の下端部３０ａ（図５参照）を有する基部３８と、基部３８の下端部３０ａに取り付けられた芯金部材３１とを備えている。芯金部材３１は、下型２０に対向する押圧面３２を備えている。芯金部材３１は、上型３０の長手方向（ワーク１００の延在方向）に延びる円筒状の部材である。芯金部材３１は、図４に示すように、上型３０の長手方向に間隔を空けて配置された複数の取付ボルト３３（図では１本のみ図示）によって、基部３８の下端部３０ａに固定されている。芯金部材３１は、各取付ボルト３３による螺合により着脱可能である。例えば、異なる外径の芯金部材３１に変更することによって、ワーク１００から形成される管材の仕上がり内径（外径）を変更することができる。 The upper mold 30 is configured to be movable up and down by a drive mechanism (not shown). The upper mold 30 includes a base portion 38 having a lower end portion 30a (see FIG. 5) having a concave cross section, and a core metal member 31 attached to the lower end portion 30a of the base portion 38. The core metal member 31 includes a pressing surface 32 facing the lower mold 20. The core metal member 31 is a cylindrical member extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper die 30 (extending direction of the work 100). As shown in FIG. 4, the core metal member 31 is fixed to the lower end portion 30a of the base portion 38 by a plurality of mounting bolts 33 (only one is shown in the drawing) arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the upper die 30. Has been done. The core metal member 31 can be attached and detached by screwing with each mounting bolt 33. For example, the finished inner diameter (outer diameter) of the pipe material formed from the work 100 can be changed by changing to the core metal member 31 having a different outer diameter.
　押圧面３２は、下型２０に向けて凸となる断面円弧状を呈しており、ワーク１００の長手方向に沿って延在している。図５に示すように、このような押圧面３２の下端部３２ａの最大押し込み位置Ｐ１は、下型２０の上面２０ａからワーク１００の内径仕上げ寸法Ｌ１分、下がった位置Ｐ２よりも深い位置である。つまり、下型２０の上面２０ａからの押圧面３２の押し込み寸法Ｌ２は、ワーク１００の内径仕上げ寸法Ｌ１よりも大きく設定されている。 The pressing surface 32 has an arcuate cross section that is convex toward the lower mold 20, and extends along the longitudinal direction of the work 100. As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum pushing position P1 of the lower end portion 32a of the pressing surface 32 is a position deeper than the lowered position P2 by the inner diameter finishing dimension L1 of the work 100 from the upper surface 20a of the lower mold 20. .. That is, the pushing dimension L2 of the pressing surface 32 from the upper surface 20a of the lower mold 20 is set to be larger than the inner diameter finishing dimension L1 of the work 100.
　上型３０は、上方に退避した準備位置では、下型２０を構成する受け部材５４の上面部５４ａ（図５参照）よりも上方に位置し、上型３０と受け部材５４との間には、ワーク１００を載置可能な所定の空間が確保される。また、上型３０は、下方に進行した押圧位置では、押圧面３２が下型２０の受け部材５４，５４の内側に近接し、その後、受け部材５４，５４の間に挿入されるように構成されている。 The upper mold 30 is located above the upper surface portion 54a (see FIG. 5) of the receiving member 54 constituting the lower mold 20 at the preparatory position retracted upward, and is located between the upper mold 30 and the receiving member 54. , A predetermined space on which the work 100 can be placed is secured. Further, the upper die 30 is configured such that the pressing surface 32 is close to the inside of the receiving members 54 and 54 of the lower die 20 at the downwardly advanced pressing position, and then is inserted between the receiving members 54 and 54. Has been done.
　下型２０は、図１，図４に示すように、台座部４０に固定される載置部５０と、下側可動部６０と、下側可動部６０を下方から支持する反力発生部材としてのガススプリング７０とを備えている。このうち、載置部５０には、長手方向Ａ（図１参照）に沿って凹状の溝部５２が形成されている。溝部５２の両側には、受け部材５４，５４が収容されている。そして、受け部材５４，５４は、両側部から載置部５０に挿入される複数のボルト５６によって載置部５０に着脱可能に固定されている（図４参照）。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the lower mold 20 serves as a reaction force generating member that supports the mounting portion 50 fixed to the pedestal portion 40, the lower movable portion 60, and the lower movable portion 60 from below. It is equipped with a gas spring 70 of the above. Of these, the mounting portion 50 is formed with a concave groove portion 52 along the longitudinal direction A (see FIG. 1). Receiving members 54 and 54 are housed on both sides of the groove portion 52. The receiving members 54, 54 are detachably fixed to the mounting portion 50 by a plurality of bolts 56 inserted into the mounting portion 50 from both side portions (see FIG. 4).
　受け部材５４は、下側可動部６０を挟んで対向している。各受け部材５４の内縁部５４ｂは、芯金部材３１の半径Ｌ１／２よりも小さい半径のアール状（円筒面状）に形成されている（図５参照）。 The receiving member 54 faces the lower movable portion 60 with the lower movable portion 60 in between. The inner edge portion 54b of each receiving member 54 is formed in a rounded shape (cylindrical surface shape) having a radius smaller than the radius L1 / 2 of the core metal member 31 (see FIG. 5).
　下側可動部６０は、受け部材５４，５４の間で上下方向にスライド可能に設けられている。下側可動部６０は、図５に示すように、上型３０の押圧面３２に対向する湾曲凹状の押圧受面６２を備えている。押圧受面６２の半径Ｌ３は、押圧面３２の半径Ｌ１／２以上となるように設定されている。本実施形態では、押圧受面６２の半径Ｌ３と上型３０の押圧面３２の半径Ｌ１／２との差（Ｌ３－Ｌ１／２）が、ワーク１００の厚み寸法Ｌ４よりも小さく設定されている。 The lower movable portion 60 is provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction between the receiving members 54 and 54. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower movable portion 60 includes a curved concave pressing receiving surface 62 facing the pressing surface 32 of the upper die 30. The radius L3 of the pressing surface 62 is set to be equal to or greater than the radius L1 / 2 of the pressing surface 32. In the present embodiment, the difference (L3-L1 / 2) between the radius L3 of the pressing receiving surface 62 and the radius L1 / 2 of the pressing surface 32 of the upper die 30 is set to be smaller than the thickness dimension L4 of the work 100. ..
　押圧受面６２の両端部６２ｆ，６２ｆの断面形状は、上向きに凸となる弧状を呈している。この端部６２ｆの半径ｒ３は、受け部材５４の内縁部５４ｂの半径ｒ４よりも小さくなるように（ｒ３＜ｒ４）設定されている。このようにすると、下側可動部６０の端部６２ｆと受け部材５４の内縁部５４ｂとワーク１００との三部材にて挟まれて形成される空間部分を小さくすることができる。これにより、ワーク１００に生じる引っ張り圧を小さくすることができ、割れを抑制することができる。 The cross-sectional shapes of both ends 62f and 62f of the pressing receiving surface 62 have an arc shape that is convex upward. The radius r3 of the end portion 62f is set to be smaller than the radius r4 of the inner edge portion 54b of the receiving member 54 (r3 <r4). By doing so, it is possible to reduce the space portion formed by being sandwiched between the end portion 62f of the lower movable portion 60, the inner edge portion 54b of the receiving member 54, and the work 100. As a result, the tensile pressure generated in the work 100 can be reduced, and cracking can be suppressed.
　また、下側可動部６０は、図４に示すように、最下端部まで進行した状態で、下型２０の底部２０ｅに当接するようになっている。つまり、下側可動部６０は、下型２０の底部２０ｅに当接して、下方への進行が規制されるようになっている。下側可動部６０の可動範囲は、ガススプリング７０の最大ストローク距離と同等に設定されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower movable portion 60 is in contact with the bottom portion 20e of the lower mold 20 in a state of advancing to the lowermost end portion. That is, the lower movable portion 60 comes into contact with the bottom portion 20e of the lower mold 20 to regulate the downward movement. The movable range of the lower movable portion 60 is set to be equivalent to the maximum stroke distance of the gas spring 70.
　ガススプリング７０は、図２または図３に示すように、下側可動部６０の直下で、下型２０の長手方向Ａ（ワーク１００の延在方向）に沿って所定の間隔を空けて一列となるように複数個、ここでは７個、配列されている。
　各ガススプリング７０は、シリンダ７１とピストン７２とを有している。そして、ピストン７２は、シリンダ７１内に充填されたガスの圧力に応じて、反力を調整可能に構成されている。充填されるガスとしては、例えば窒素ガスを用いている。なお、ガスとしてはこれに限られることはなく他の種類のガスまたはこれらの混合ガスを用いてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the gas springs 70 are arranged in a row immediately below the lower movable portion 60 at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction A (extending direction of the work 100) of the lower mold 20. A plurality of them, seven in this case, are arranged so as to be.
Each gas spring 70 has a cylinder 71 and a piston 72. The piston 72 is configured so that the reaction force can be adjusted according to the pressure of the gas filled in the cylinder 71. As the gas to be filled, for example, nitrogen gas is used. The gas is not limited to this, and other types of gas or a mixed gas thereof may be used.
　ピストン７２の上端面７３は、図４に示すように、下側可動部６０の最下端部の下面６１に当接している。そして、ガススプリング７０は、下方から下側可動部６０を弾性支持するように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the upper end surface 73 of the piston 72 is in contact with the lower surface 61 of the lowermost end portion of the lower movable portion 60. The gas spring 70 is configured to elastically support the lower movable portion 60 from below.
　次に、金型１０を用いたＵ字状部材１１０の加工方法について、図６Ａ～図６Ｅに示す各工程に沿って説明する。
　初めに、ワーク１００の下面に、保護フィルム１０３を貼付する。保護フィルム１０３は、図６Ａに図示し、他の図では省略する。図６Ａはワーク１００を下型２０にセッティングする工程を示している。この工程では、図６Ａに示すように、貼付した保護フィルム１０３が下側となるように、ワーク１００を下型２０の上面に載置する。なお、下型２０には、予め位置決め用治具８０をボルト８１によって固定しておく。このようにすると、ワーク１００の位置決めを容易に行うことができる。位置決め用治具８０を用いることで、下型２０の幅方向（短手方向）の中心部にワーク１００の幅方向（短手方向）の中心部を容易に位置決めすることができる。したがって、管材の成形性に優れるとともに加工精度が向上する。保護フィルムを貼付した面を下型２０へ当接させることで、曲げ加工時にワーク１００に傷が付くのを防止できる。 Next, a method of processing the U-shaped member 110 using the mold 10 will be described along with the steps shown in FIGS. 6A to 6E.
First, the protective film 103 is attached to the lower surface of the work 100. The protective film 103 is shown in FIG. 6A and is omitted in other drawings. FIG. 6A shows a process of setting the work 100 to the lower mold 20. In this step, as shown in FIG. 6A, the work 100 is placed on the upper surface of the lower mold 20 so that the attached protective film 103 is on the lower side. The positioning jig 80 is fixed to the lower mold 20 in advance with bolts 81. In this way, the work 100 can be easily positioned. By using the positioning jig 80, the central portion of the work 100 in the width direction (minor direction) can be easily positioned at the center portion of the lower mold 20 in the width direction (minor direction). Therefore, the moldability of the pipe material is excellent and the processing accuracy is improved. By bringing the surface to which the protective film is attached into contact with the lower mold 20, it is possible to prevent the work 100 from being scratched during bending.
　ワーク１００を下型２０の上面に載置すると、下側可動部６０の両端部６２ｆ，６２ｆと、受け部材５４，５４の上面部５４ａ，５４ａが、ワーク１００の下面に当接する。なお、上型３０は退避位置にあり、図中の記載を省略している。 When the work 100 is placed on the upper surface of the lower mold 20, both end portions 62f, 62f of the lower movable portion 60 and the upper surface portions 54a, 54a of the receiving members 54, 54 come into contact with the lower surface of the work 100. The upper mold 30 is in the retracted position, and the description in the figure is omitted.
　図６Ｂ～図６Ｄは上型３０でワーク１００を押圧する工程を示した工程図である。この工程では、図６Ｂに示すように、上型３０を下方に進行させて、芯金部材３１の押圧面３２でワーク１００を押圧する。この場合、上型３０の押圧面３２は、ワーク１００を上面側から押圧して、下側可動部６０の押圧受面６２との間にワーク１００を挟持する。このとき、ガススプリング７０は、上型３０の押圧力を受けて下方に移動し始める。 6B to 6D are process diagrams showing a process of pressing the work 100 with the upper die 30. In this step, as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper die 30 is advanced downward to press the work 100 with the pressing surface 32 of the core metal member 31. In this case, the pressing surface 32 of the upper die 30 presses the work 100 from the upper surface side, and sandwiches the work 100 between the pressing surface 62 of the lower movable portion 60. At this time, the gas spring 70 receives the pressing force of the upper mold 30 and starts to move downward.
　上型３０をさらに下方に進行させると、図６Ｃに示すように、上型３０の進行に伴って、ワーク１００の両側部分が芯金部材３１と受け部材５４，５４の間で立ち上がるように折り曲げられつつ、ワーク１００の中央部周りが芯金部材３１の押圧面３２に沿って周方向にさらに抱き込まれるように徐々に折り曲げられる。これにより、急激な張力を発生させる変形が抑制されつつ、押圧受面６２と押圧面３２との湾曲形状に倣いながら、ワーク１００が曲げ変形する。つまり、曲げ変形に伴い、下側可動部６０の押圧受面６２が当接している部分を中心としてワーク１００が板厚方向に圧縮される。このため、ワーク１００の下面側表面のスキン部１０２は、隣接するコア部１０１の素材とともに延展方向に移動して、張力を軽減することが出来る。したがって、ワーク１００は、曲げ加工の変形に伴う張力が緩和されるため、下面側でのワーク１００の破断が抑制される。また、ワーク１００は、上面側での圧縮力が緩和されて、しわの発生が抑制される。 When the upper die 30 is advanced further downward, as shown in FIG. 6C, both side portions of the work 100 are bent so as to stand up between the core metal member 31 and the receiving members 54 and 54 as the upper die 30 advances. While being done, the work 100 is gradually bent so as to be further embraced in the circumferential direction along the pressing surface 32 of the core metal member 31. As a result, the work 100 is bent and deformed while following the curved shape of the pressing receiving surface 62 and the pressing surface 32 while suppressing the deformation that generates a sudden tension. That is, the work 100 is compressed in the plate thickness direction around the portion where the pressing receiving surface 62 of the lower movable portion 60 is in contact with the bending deformation. Therefore, the skin portion 102 on the lower surface side surface of the work 100 can move in the spreading direction together with the material of the adjacent core portion 101 to reduce the tension. Therefore, since the tension of the work 100 due to the deformation of the bending process is relaxed, the work 100 is prevented from breaking on the lower surface side. Further, in the work 100, the compressive force on the upper surface side is relaxed, and the generation of wrinkles is suppressed.
　このように、上型３０を下方に進行させる間は、ガススプリング７０の反力が常に下側可動部６０に与えられている。このため、上型３０の下方への移動方向と逆方向である上方へ向けてワーク１００は常に付勢されている。ここで、ガススプリング７０は、バネなどの他の反力機構よりも初期反力が比較的強い。このため、下型２０と上型３０との間にワーク１００が強固に保持される状態となる。すなわち、下型２０に設置したワーク１００を上型３０で加圧する際、下型２０からの反力を利用してワーク１００を拘束している。これにより、ワーク１００には、上型３０で押し付けられた時点から下側可動部６０が最下点に到達するまでの間、板厚方向の圧縮力が加えられている。この圧縮力により、金型１０とワーク１００との間の滑りが抑制され、押圧受面６２が当接している部分に沿う方向の張力が軽減される。 In this way, the reaction force of the gas spring 70 is always applied to the lower movable portion 60 while the upper mold 30 is advanced downward. Therefore, the work 100 is always urged upward in the direction opposite to the downward moving direction of the upper die 30. Here, the gas spring 70 has a relatively stronger initial reaction force than other reaction force mechanisms such as springs. Therefore, the work 100 is firmly held between the lower mold 20 and the upper mold 30. That is, when the work 100 installed on the lower mold 20 is pressurized by the upper mold 30, the work 100 is restrained by utilizing the reaction force from the lower mold 20. As a result, a compressive force in the plate thickness direction is applied to the work 100 from the time when it is pressed by the upper die 30 until the lower movable portion 60 reaches the lowest point. Due to this compressive force, slippage between the mold 10 and the work 100 is suppressed, and tension in the direction along the portion where the pressing receiving surface 62 is in contact is reduced.
　また、曲げ加工時にワーク１００を上下方向から拘束した状態が維持されるので、曲げ起点がワーク１００の下面に沿って移動し、ワーク１００上に発生する曲げ応力の一極集中が防止される。つまり、曲げ加工の初期の段階におけるワーク１００の曲げ起点は、押圧面３２がワーク１００の上面に当接する箇所とワーク１００が各受け部材５４，５４の内縁部５４ｂ，５４ｂに接触した箇所となる。ワーク１００が拘束された状態で、上型３０及び下側可動部６０が下方へスライド移動すると、ワーク１００が内縁部５４ｂに接触している箇所が、内縁部５４ｂ上を下側へ移動し、ワーク１００上に発生する曲げ応力の一極集中が防止されることとなる。 Further, since the state in which the work 100 is restrained from the vertical direction is maintained during the bending process, the bending starting point moves along the lower surface of the work 100, and the bending stress generated on the work 100 is prevented from being concentrated. That is, the bending starting point of the work 100 in the initial stage of the bending process is a place where the pressing surface 32 abuts on the upper surface of the work 100 and a place where the work 100 comes into contact with the inner edges 54b and 54b of the receiving members 54 and 54. .. When the upper die 30 and the lower movable portion 60 slide downward while the work 100 is restrained, the portion where the work 100 is in contact with the inner edge portion 54b moves downward on the inner edge portion 54b. The bending stress generated on the work 100 is prevented from being concentrated.
　また、各受け部材５４，５４の内縁部５４ｂ，５４ｂは、芯金部材３１の半径Ｌ１／２よりも小さい半径のアール状（円筒面状）に形成されているので、内縁部５４ｂ，５４ｂに対するワーク１００の接触面積を確保しつつ、内縁部５４ｂ上をワーク１００が下側へスムーズに移動する。これにより、Ｕ字状に折り曲げられる範囲の全体に亘ってワーク１００が芯金部材３１に徐々に抱き込まれ、ワーク１００の滑りやズレが防止されながらワーク１００に十分な応力が加えられる。つまり、曲げが徐々に進行し、ワーク１００が急激に折り曲げられることが防止されている。 Further, since the inner edge portions 54b, 54b of the receiving members 54, 54 are formed in a rounded shape (cylindrical surface shape) having a radius smaller than the radius L1 / 2 of the core metal member 31, the inner edge portions 54b, 54b with respect to the inner edge portions 54b, 54b. The work 100 smoothly moves downward on the inner edge portion 54b while securing the contact area of the work 100. As a result, the work 100 is gradually embraced by the core metal member 31 over the entire range of being bent in a U shape, and sufficient stress is applied to the work 100 while preventing the work 100 from slipping or shifting. That is, the bending progresses gradually, and the work 100 is prevented from being suddenly bent.
　その後、図６Ｄに示すように、上型３０をさらに下方に進行させて、下側可動部６０の最下端部の下面６１を下型２０の底部２０ｅに当接させる。本実施形態では、図５に示すように、押圧面３２の下端部３２ａの最大押し込み位置Ｐ１が、下型２０の上面２０ａからワーク１００の内径仕上げ寸法Ｌ１分、下がった位置Ｐ２よりも深い位置まで押し込んでいる。これにより、断面円形状の押圧面３２に沿ってＵ字状に折り曲げられる範囲の全体に亘ってワーク１００が抱き込まれるように固定され、ワーク１００の滑りやズレが防止されながらワーク１００に十分な応力が加えられる。なお、下型２０の内側に芯金部材３１の全体が挿入された状態になる。 After that, as shown in FIG. 6D, the upper die 30 is advanced further downward so that the lower surface 61 of the lowermost end portion of the lower movable portion 60 is brought into contact with the bottom portion 20e of the lower die 20. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the maximum pushing position P1 of the lower end portion 32a of the pressing surface 32 is a position deeper than the lowered position P2 by the inner diameter finishing dimension L1 of the work 100 from the upper surface 20a of the lower mold 20. I'm pushing it in. As a result, the work 100 is fixed so as to be embraced over the entire range of being bent in a U shape along the pressing surface 32 having a circular cross section, and is sufficient for the work 100 while preventing slippage and displacement of the work 100. Stress is applied. The entire core metal member 31 is inserted inside the lower mold 20.
　その後、この当接させた状態から上型３０で芯金部材３１をさらに下方に押圧する。つまり、ワーク１００に追加の荷重をかけて成形性を高める。これにより、所望のＵ字状に折り曲げられたＵ字状部材１１０が得られる。 After that, the core metal member 31 is further pressed downward with the upper die 30 from this contacted state. That is, an additional load is applied to the work 100 to improve moldability. As a result, a U-shaped member 110 bent into a desired U-shape can be obtained.
　図６Ｅは、上型３０を上方へ移動させて退避位置とする工程を示している。上型３０を上方へ移動させると、下型２０と上型３０との間に間隙が形成される。下型２０の下側可動部６０には、上型３０による押圧力が作用しなくなるので、ガススプリング７０の反力が、ワーク１００を台座部４０から持ち上げる力として作用する。したがって、上型３０を退避させることにより、Ｕ字曲げ加工されたワーク１００を曲げ加工機１から容易に取り出すことができる。 FIG. 6E shows a process of moving the upper die 30 upward to set it as a retracted position. When the upper mold 30 is moved upward, a gap is formed between the lower mold 20 and the upper mold 30. Since the pressing force of the upper die 30 does not act on the lower movable portion 60 of the lower die 20, the reaction force of the gas spring 70 acts as a force for lifting the work 100 from the pedestal portion 40. Therefore, by retracting the upper die 30, the U-shaped bent work 100 can be easily taken out from the bending machine 1.
　次に、Ｕ字状部材１１０を管材１２０に加工する金型１０Ａ及び加工方法について説明する。
　金型１０Ａは、図７に示すように、Ｕ字状部材１１０をＯ字状に曲げ加工するものである。金型１０Ａは、Ｕ字状部材１１０を載置するＯ字下型２０Ａと、Ｕ字状部材１１０を押圧するＯ字上型３０Ａとを備えている。 Next, the mold 10A for processing the U-shaped member 110 into the pipe material 120 and the processing method will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the mold 10A bends the U-shaped member 110 into an O-shape. The mold 10A includes an O-shaped lower mold 20A on which the U-shaped member 110 is placed and an O-shaped upper mold 30A that presses the U-shaped member 110.
　Ｏ字上型３０Ａは、図示しない駆動機構によって、上下に移動可能に構成されており、基部３７と、基部３７に取り付けられる押圧部材３５とを備えている。押圧部材３５には、図７に示すように、下部に断面凹状の押圧面３０ｇが形成されている。押圧部材３５は、基部３７の長手方向に間隔を空けて配置された複数の取付ボルト３４（図では１本のみ図示）によって、基部３７に固定されている。押圧部材３５は、各取付ボルト３４による螺合により着脱可能である。押圧面３０ｇは、Ｕ字状部材１１０の長手方向に沿って延在する断面円弧状を呈する。押圧面３０ｇの曲率半径は、Ｕ字状部材１１０の外径の曲率半径に対応している。 The O-shaped upper mold 30A is configured to be movable up and down by a drive mechanism (not shown), and includes a base portion 37 and a pressing member 35 attached to the base portion 37. As shown in FIG. 7, the pressing member 35 is formed with a pressing surface 30 g having a concave cross section at the lower portion. The pressing member 35 is fixed to the base 37 by a plurality of mounting bolts 34 (only one is shown in the drawing) arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the base 37. The pressing member 35 can be attached and detached by screwing with each mounting bolt 34. The pressing surface 30g has an arcuate cross section extending along the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped member 110. The radius of curvature of the pressing surface 30 g corresponds to the radius of curvature of the outer diameter of the U-shaped member 110.
　押圧面３０ｇの両側部には、押圧面３０ｇに連続するように断面テーパー状の傾斜面（開口面）３６，３６が形成されている。
　Ｏ字上型３０Ａは、上方に退避した準備位置では、Ｏ字下型２０Ａの載置部５５との間にＵ字状部材１１０を載置可能な所定の空間を形成する。また、Ｏ字上型３０Ａは、下方に進行させた押圧位置では、Ｏ字下型２０Ａの後記する上部両端部２６，２６が傾斜面３６，３６の内側に挿入され、傾斜面３６，３６に非当接状態に対向するように構成されている。 Inclined surfaces (opening surfaces) 36, 36 having a tapered cross section are formed on both sides of the pressing surface 30g so as to be continuous with the pressing surface 30g.
The O-shaped upper mold 30A forms a predetermined space on which the U-shaped member 110 can be placed between the O-shaped upper mold 30A and the mounting portion 55 of the O-shaped lower mold 20A at the preparatory position retracted upward. Further, in the O-shaped upper mold 30A, at the pressing position advanced downward, the upper end portions 26, 26 described later of the O-shaped lower mold 20A are inserted inside the inclined surfaces 36, 36, and are inserted into the inclined surfaces 36, 36. It is configured to face the non-contact state.
　Ｏ字下型２０Ａは、台座部４０にボルト４４で固定される載置部５５を備えている。載置部５５は断面略台形状を呈している。載置部５５の上端部には、Ｕ字状部材１１０を保持する湾曲凹状の押圧受面５７を備えている。押圧受面５７の曲率半径は、Ｕ字状部材１１０の外径の曲率半径に対応している。押圧受面５７の両側部には、Ｏ字上型３０Ａの傾斜面３６，３６に向けて突出する上部両端部２６，２６が形成されている。 The O-shaped lower mold 20A is provided with a mounting portion 55 fixed to the pedestal portion 40 with a bolt 44. The mounting portion 55 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section. The upper end portion of the mounting portion 55 is provided with a curved concave pressing receiving surface 57 for holding the U-shaped member 110. The radius of curvature of the pressing receiving surface 57 corresponds to the radius of curvature of the outer diameter of the U-shaped member 110. Upper end portions 26, 26 projecting toward the inclined surfaces 36, 36 of the O-shaped upper mold 30A are formed on both side portions of the pressing receiving surface 57.
　次に、金型１０Ａを用いた管材１２０の加工方法について、図８Ａ～図８Ｅに示す各工程に沿って説明する。
　図８ＡはＵ字状部材１１０をＯ字下型２０Ａの載置部５５にセッティングする工程を示している。この工程では、図８Ａに示すように、Ｏ字下型２０Ａの押圧受面５７にＵ字状部材１１０を配置する。そして、Ｕ字状部材１１０の内側に、芯金として機能する円筒部材９０を配置する。円筒部材９０の曲率半径は、Ｕ字状部材１１０の内径の曲率半径と同等か若干小さく設定されている。 Next, a method of processing the pipe material 120 using the mold 10A will be described along with the steps shown in FIGS. 8A to 8E.
FIG. 8A shows a step of setting the U-shaped member 110 on the mounting portion 55 of the O-shaped lower mold 20A. In this step, as shown in FIG. 8A, the U-shaped member 110 is arranged on the pressing receiving surface 57 of the O-shaped lower mold 20A. Then, a cylindrical member 90 that functions as a core metal is arranged inside the U-shaped member 110. The radius of curvature of the cylindrical member 90 is set to be equal to or slightly smaller than the radius of curvature of the inner diameter of the U-shaped member 110.
　Ｕ字状部材１１０の内側に円筒部材９０を配置した後、位置決め部材８５を用いてＵ字状部材１１０の位置決めを行う。位置決め部材８５は、略Ｌ字形状を呈しており、載置部５５の外側面に対して着脱可能に取り付けられる。位置決め部材８５は、Ｕ字状部材１１０の両端部１１５，１１５を同じ高さに位置決めするための基準板８６を備えている。位置決め部材８５を用いることで、載置部５５上にＵ字状部材１１０が略水平に位置決めされる。位置決め後、位置決め部材８５を載置部５５から取り外す。なお、図示しない機構によって、Ｏ字曲げ加工時にＯ字上型３０Ａと干渉しない位置に、位置決め部材８５が退避するように構成してもよい。 After arranging the cylindrical member 90 inside the U-shaped member 110, the positioning member 85 is used to position the U-shaped member 110. The positioning member 85 has a substantially L-shape and is detachably attached to the outer surface of the mounting portion 55. The positioning member 85 includes a reference plate 86 for positioning both ends 115 and 115 of the U-shaped member 110 at the same height. By using the positioning member 85, the U-shaped member 110 is positioned substantially horizontally on the mounting portion 55. After positioning, the positioning member 85 is removed from the mounting portion 55. The positioning member 85 may be retracted to a position where it does not interfere with the O-shaped upper die 30A during the O-shaped bending process by a mechanism (not shown).
　図８Ｂ～図８ＤはＯ字上型３０ＡでＵ字状部材１１０を押圧する工程を示した工程図である。この工程では、まず、図８Ｂに示すように、Ｏ字上型３０Ａを下方に進行させて、押圧部材３５の押圧面３０ｇにＵ字状部材１１０の両端部１１５，１１５を近づけて当接させる。 8B to 8D are process diagrams showing a process of pressing the U-shaped member 110 with the O-shaped upper mold 30A. In this step, first, as shown in FIG. 8B, the O-shaped upper die 30A is advanced downward so that both ends 115 and 115 of the U-shaped member 110 are brought into contact with the pressing surface 30g of the pressing member 35. ..
　図８Ｃに示すように、Ｏ字上型３０Ａをさらに下方に進行させると、進行に伴ってＵ字状部材１１０の両端部１１５，１１５が押圧部材３５の湾曲凹状の押圧面３０ｇに沿って内側に折り曲げられつつ、円筒部材９０の外周面を抱き込むようにして湾曲する。これにより、急激な張力を発生させる変形が抑制されつつ、押圧面３０ｇと円筒部材９０の外周面の湾曲形状に倣いながら、Ｕ字状部材１１０の直線状の部分が曲げ変形する。 As shown in FIG. 8C, when the O-shaped upper mold 30A is further moved downward, both ends 115 and 115 of the U-shaped member 110 are inside along the curved concave pressing surface 30g of the pressing member 35 as the U-shaped member 110 is advanced. The cylindrical member 90 is bent so as to embrace the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 90. As a result, the linear portion of the U-shaped member 110 is bent and deformed while following the curved shape of the pressing surface 30 g and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 90 while suppressing the deformation that generates a sudden tension.
　その後、図８Ｄに示すように、Ｏ字上型３０Ａをさらに下方に進行させて、曲げ変形の最終段階では、押圧面３０ｇ、押圧受面５７及び円筒部材９０で管材１２０を押圧した状態となる。これにより、Ｏ字状に折り曲げられた管材１２０が得られる。 After that, as shown in FIG. 8D, the O-shaped upper mold 30A is further advanced downward, and at the final stage of bending deformation, the pipe material 120 is pressed by the pressing surface 30g, the pressing receiving surface 57, and the cylindrical member 90. .. As a result, the pipe material 120 bent in an O shape can be obtained.
　図８Ｅは、Ｏ字上型３０Ａを上方へ移動させて退避位置とする工程を示している。Ｏ字上型３０Ａを上方へ移動させて退避させることにより、Ｏ字曲げ加工された管材１２０を円筒部材９０とともに曲げ加工機１から容易に取り出すことができる。その後、管材１２０から円筒部材９０を引き抜く作業を行うことで管材１２０の加工工程が終了する。管材１２０は、端部１２１同士が隙間を有して対向する製品として形成される。 FIG. 8E shows a process of moving the O-shaped upper mold 30A upward to set it as a retracted position. By moving the O-shaped upper mold 30A upward and retracting it, the O-shaped bent pipe material 120 can be easily taken out from the bending machine 1 together with the cylindrical member 90. After that, the processing process of the pipe material 120 is completed by pulling out the cylindrical member 90 from the pipe material 120. The pipe material 120 is formed as a product in which the end portions 121 have a gap and face each other.
　以上説明した本実施形態の金型１０では、ワーク１００がＵ字状に折り曲げられる際、押圧面３２の下端部が下型２０の上面（上面部５４ａ）からワーク１００の内径仕上げ寸法Ｌ１分、下がった位置Ｐ２よりも深い位置Ｐ１まで押し込まれる。これにより、断面円形状の押圧面３２に沿ってＵ字状に折り曲げられる範囲の全体に亘ってワーク１００が抱き込まれるように固定され、ワーク１００の滑りやズレが防止されながらワーク１００に十分な応力が加えられる。これにより、曲げ加工を行う際のワーク１００の破断やしわの発生を抑制することができる。 In the mold 10 of the present embodiment described above, when the work 100 is bent in a U shape, the lower end portion of the pressing surface 32 is formed from the upper surface (upper surface portion 54a) of the lower mold 20 to the inner diameter finishing dimension L1 of the work 100. It is pushed to a position P1 deeper than the lowered position P2. As a result, the work 100 is fixed so as to be embraced over the entire range of being bent in a U shape along the pressing surface 32 having a circular cross section, and is sufficient for the work 100 while preventing slippage and displacement of the work 100. Stress is applied. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of breakage and wrinkles of the work 100 during the bending process.
　また、反力発生部材がガススプリング７０であるので、バネ等の他の反力発生部材を用いた場合に比べて初期反力が強く、上型３０と下型２０とによりワーク１００を強固に保持することができる。したがって、断面円形状の押圧面３２に沿ってワーク１００が抱き込まれるように強固に保持され、ワーク１００の滑りやズレが防止されながらワーク１００に十分な応力が加えられる。したがって、成形性が高まる。 Further, since the reaction force generating member is the gas spring 70, the initial reaction force is stronger than when other reaction force generating members such as springs are used, and the work 100 is strengthened by the upper die 30 and the lower die 20. Can be retained. Therefore, the work 100 is firmly held so as to be embraced along the pressing surface 32 having a circular cross section, and sufficient stress is applied to the work 100 while preventing the work 100 from slipping or shifting. Therefore, the moldability is improved.
　また、ガススプリング７０が下型２０の長手方向に沿って複数個配列されているので、ワーク１００が長尺状を呈していても、長手方向で均一な反力を生じさせて、長手方向の各部分で同様の曲げ加工を行うことができる。そして、ガススプリング７０を下型２０の長手方向に沿って複数個、配置することにより、ワーク１００の長手方向寸法に適応した長さの金型１０（下型２０）を構成することができる。 Further, since a plurality of gas springs 70 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lower mold 20, even if the work 100 has a long shape, a uniform reaction force is generated in the longitudinal direction to generate a uniform reaction force in the longitudinal direction. The same bending process can be performed on each part. Then, by arranging a plurality of gas springs 70 along the longitudinal direction of the lower mold 20, it is possible to form a mold 10 (lower mold 20) having a length adapted to the longitudinal dimension of the work 100.
　また、ガススプリング７０は、反力の大きさを調整可能であるので、ワーク１００の大きさや強度、上型３０の押圧力等に応じて、適宜、必要とされる反力を設定して、曲げ加工に必要とされる曲げ応力に対して十分な反力を発生させることができる。 Further, since the gas spring 70 can adjust the magnitude of the reaction force, the required reaction force is appropriately set according to the size and strength of the work 100, the pressing force of the upper mold 30, and the like. A sufficient reaction force can be generated against the bending stress required for bending.
　また、下側可動部６０の押圧受面６２の径寸法Ｌ３と上型３０の押圧面３２の径寸法Ｌ１／２との差が、ワーク１００の厚み寸法Ｌ４よりも小さい。これにより、上下方向からワーク１００に圧縮力を好適にかけながら下型２０にワーク１００が押し付けられるようになり、断面円形状の押圧面３２に沿ってワーク１００が抱き込まれるように強固に保持される。したがって、成形性が向上する。 Further, the difference between the diameter dimension L3 of the pressing receiving surface 62 of the lower movable portion 60 and the diameter dimension L1 / 2 of the pressing surface 32 of the upper mold 30 is smaller than the thickness dimension L4 of the work 100. As a result, the work 100 is pressed against the lower mold 20 while applying a compressive force to the work 100 from the vertical direction, and the work 100 is firmly held so as to be embraced along the pressing surface 32 having a circular cross section. NS. Therefore, the moldability is improved.
　また、上型３０の押圧面３２は、下型２０の長手方向に沿って延在する円筒状の芯金部材３１で形成されているので、押圧面３２を容易に形成できる。また、芯金部材３１が着脱可能であるので、ワーク１００の板厚寸法Ｌ４に応じて外径の異なる芯金部材３１を簡単に設置できる。 Further, since the pressing surface 32 of the upper die 30 is formed of a cylindrical core metal member 31 extending along the longitudinal direction of the lower die 20, the pressing surface 32 can be easily formed. Further, since the core metal member 31 is removable, the core metal member 31 having a different outer diameter can be easily installed according to the plate thickness dimension L4 of the work 100.
　また、下側可動部６０の可動範囲は、ガススプリング７０最大ストローク距離と同等であるので、ガススプリング７０フルストローク後にワーク１００に向けて上型３０をさらに押し込むという加工が可能となる。したがって、ワーク１００の成形性が向上する。 Further, since the movable range of the lower movable portion 60 is equivalent to the maximum stroke distance of the gas spring 70, it is possible to further push the upper mold 30 toward the work 100 after the full stroke of the gas spring 70. Therefore, the moldability of the work 100 is improved.
　また、受け部材５４の内縁部５４ｂは、芯金部材３１の半径Ｌ１／２よりも小さい半径のアール状であるので、曲げ加工時の応力の集中を好適に緩和することができる。 Further, since the inner edge portion 54b of the receiving member 54 has a radius shape smaller than the radius L1 / 2 of the core metal member 31, stress concentration during bending can be suitably relaxed.
　また、下側可動部６０及び受け部材５４の縁部の表面には、硬質クロムめっき層が形成されているので、下型２０の摩耗を防止できる。 Further, since a hard chrome plating layer is formed on the surfaces of the lower movable portion 60 and the edge portion of the receiving member 54, it is possible to prevent the lower mold 20 from being worn.
　また、金型１０を用いた加工を施したＵ字状部材１１０を、さらにＯ字状の曲げ加工を行って管材１２０に仕上げる工程を備えているので、ワーク１００（Ｕ字状部材１１０）の破断やしわの発生を抑制した管材１２０が得られる。 Further, since the U-shaped member 110 processed by using the mold 10 is further subjected to an O-shaped bending process to finish the pipe material 120, the work 100 (U-shaped member 110) is provided. A pipe material 120 in which the occurrence of breakage and wrinkles is suppressed can be obtained.
　以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上記した実施形態に限定されることはなく、種々変形することが可能である。上記した実施形態は本発明を理解しやすく説明するために例示したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。
　例えば、前記実施形態では、反力発生部材としてガススプリング７０を用いたがこれに限られることはなく、油圧シリンダ、金属製スプリングなどの他の機構により構成されるものや、ウレタン等の発泡合成樹脂材料やゴム部材等、軟質で弾性を有するものであれば、他の構成の反力を発生させる部材であってもよい。つまり、下側可動部６０を下方から弾性支持するもの、特に圧縮されるにつれ、反力が上昇するものが好適であり、このような反力を発生させるものであれば、反力発生部材の形状、数量および材質は特に限定されない。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be variously modified. The above-described embodiment is illustrated for the purpose of explaining the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the configurations described.
For example, in the above embodiment, the gas spring 70 is used as the reaction force generating member, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the member is composed of other mechanisms such as a hydraulic cylinder and a metal spring, and foam synthetic such as urethane. As long as it is soft and has elasticity, such as a resin material or a rubber member, it may be a member that generates a reaction force having another configuration. That is, a member that elastically supports the lower movable portion 60 from below, particularly one in which the reaction force increases as it is compressed is preferable, and if such a reaction force is generated, the reaction force generating member The shape, quantity and material are not particularly limited.
　また、前記実施形態では、押圧面３２を備えるものとして芯金部材３１を用いたが、これに限られることはなく、下部に押圧面３２が一体的に形成された他の形状を有する押圧部材を用いてもよい。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, the core metal member 31 is used as the one provided with the pressing surface 32, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the pressing member having another shape in which the pressing surface 32 is integrally formed at the lower portion is used. May be used.
　また、下側可動部６０の押圧受面６２の大きさ（幅や面積）は、曲げ加工時に芯金部材３１との間でワーク１００を十分に保持しつつ、受け部材５４，５４の内縁部５４ｂ，５４ｂとの間でワーク１００を芯金部材３１に抱き込むように導くものであれば、種々のものを採用することができる。 Further, the size (width and area) of the pressing receiving surface 62 of the lower movable portion 60 is such that the inner edges of the receiving members 54 and 54 are sufficiently held between the work 100 and the core metal member 31 during bending. Various types can be adopted as long as the work 100 is guided to be embraced by the core metal member 31 between the 54b and 54b.
　１０　　金型
　１０Ａ　金型
　２０　　下型
　２０Ａ　Ｏ字下型（下型）
　３０　　上型
　３０Ａ　Ｏ字上型（上型）
　３１　　芯金部材
　３２　　押圧面
　５４　　受け部材
　５４ｂ　内縁部
　６０　　下側可動部
　６２　　押圧受面
　７０　　ガススプリング
　１００　ワーク
　１１０　Ｕ字状部材
　１２０　管材
　Ｌ１　　内径仕上げ寸法
　Ｐ１　　押圧面の下端部の最大押し込み位置
　Ｐ２　　内径仕上げ寸法分下がった位置 10 mold 10A mold 20 lower mold 20A O-shaped lower mold (lower mold)
30 Upper type 30A O-shaped upper type (upper type)
31 Core metal member 32 Pressing surface 54 Receiving member 54b Inner edge 60 Lower movable part 62 Pressing receiving surface 70 Gas spring 100 Work 110 U-shaped member 120 Pipe material L1 Inner diameter Finishing dimension P1 Maximum pushing position of the lower end of the pressing surface P2 Inner diameter Position lowered by the finishing dimension

Claims (12)

  1. 　板状のワークを曲げ加工するための金型であって、
    　前記ワークが載置される下型と、前記ワークを前記下型に向けて押圧する押圧面が形成された上型とを備え、
    　前記下型は、前記上型の移動方向と同方向にスライド可能な下側可動部と、
    　前記下側可動部を下方から弾性支持する反力発生部材と、
    　前記下側可動部の両側部に位置する受け部材と、を備え、
    　前記押圧面は、前記下型に向けて凸となる断面円弧状を呈するとともに、前記ワークの長手方向に沿って延在しており、
    　前記押圧面の下端部の最大押し込み位置は、前記下型の上面から前記ワークの内径仕上げ寸法分下がった位置よりも深い位置であることを特徴とする金型。     A mold for bending plate-shaped workpieces.
    A lower mold on which the work is placed and an upper mold having a pressing surface for pressing the work toward the lower mold are provided.
    The lower mold includes a lower movable portion that can slide in the same direction as the upper mold moves.
    A reaction force generating member that elastically supports the lower movable portion from below,
    With receiving members located on both sides of the lower movable portion,
    The pressing surface has an arcuate cross-section that is convex toward the lower mold, and extends along the longitudinal direction of the work.
    The mold is characterized in that the maximum pushing position of the lower end portion of the pressing surface is a position deeper than a position lower than the upper surface of the lower mold by the inner diameter finishing dimension of the work.
  2. 　前記反力発生部材は、ガススプリングであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の金型。 The mold according to claim 1, wherein the reaction force generating member is a gas spring.
  3. 　前記反力発生部材が前記下型の長手方向に沿って複数個配列されていることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の金型。 The mold according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the reaction force generating members are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lower mold.
  4. 　前記反力発生部材は、反力の大きさを調整可能であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reaction force generating member is characterized in that the magnitude of the reaction force can be adjusted.
  5. 　前記下型の湾曲凹状の押圧受面の径寸法と前記上型の前記押圧面の径寸法との差は、前記ワークの厚み寸法よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 Claims 1 to 4, wherein the difference between the diameter dimension of the curved concave pressing surface of the lower die and the diameter dimension of the pressing surface of the upper die is smaller than the thickness dimension of the work. The mold according to any one item.
  6. 　前記上型の前記押圧面は、前記下型の長手方向に沿って延在する円筒状の芯金部材で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 The pressing surface of the upper die is formed by a cylindrical core metal member extending along the longitudinal direction of the lower die, according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The described mold.
  7. 　前記下側可動部は、前記受け部材の内側に収容されており、その可動範囲は、前記反力発生部材の最大ストローク距離と同等であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 Any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lower movable portion is housed inside the receiving member, and the movable range thereof is equivalent to the maximum stroke distance of the reaction force generating member. The mold described in item 1.
  8. 　前記受け部材の内縁部は、前記押圧面の半径よりも小さい半径のアール状であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner edge portion of the receiving member has a radius shape smaller than the radius of the pressing surface.
  9. 　前記下側可動部及び前記受け部材の縁部の表面には、硬質クロムめっき層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項８のいずれか１項に記載の金型。 The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a hard chrome plating layer is formed on the surfaces of the lower movable portion and the edge portion of the receiving member.
  10. 　請求項１から請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の金型を用いた加工方法であって、
    　前記下型に前記ワークをセッティングする工程と、
    　前記上型で前記ワークを押圧する工程と、
    　前記反力発生部材の反力で前記上型の移動方向と逆方向へ前記ワークを付勢しながら、前記下側可動部及び前記上型を下方に進行させる工程と、
    　を備えることを特徴とする加工方法。     The processing method using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
    The process of setting the work on the lower mold and
    The process of pressing the work with the upper mold and
    A step of advancing the lower movable portion and the upper mold downward while urging the work in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the upper mold by the reaction force of the reaction force generating member.
    A processing method characterized by being provided with.
  11. 　請求項１から請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の金型を用いた加工方法であって、
    　保護シートで保護した前記ワークを前記下型にセッティングする工程と、
    　前記上型で前記ワークを押圧する工程と、
    　前記反力発生部材の反力で前記上型の移動方向と逆方向へ前記ワークを付勢しながら、前記下側可動部及び前記上型を下方に進行させる工程と、
    　を備えることを特徴とする加工方法。     The processing method using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
    The process of setting the work protected by the protective sheet to the lower mold, and
    The process of pressing the work with the upper mold and
    A step of advancing the lower movable portion and the upper mold downward while urging the work in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the upper mold by the reaction force of the reaction force generating member.
    A processing method characterized by being provided with.
  12. 　請求項１から請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の金型を用いた加工を施したＵ字状部材をさらにＯ字状に曲げ加工を行い、管材に仕上げる工程を備えることを特徴とする加工方法。 A U-shaped member processed by using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is further bent into an O-shape to finish the pipe material. Processing method.
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