WO2021168961A1 - Test device for thermal stability of quenching medium - Google Patents
Test device for thermal stability of quenching medium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021168961A1 WO2021168961A1 PCT/CN2020/081333 CN2020081333W WO2021168961A1 WO 2021168961 A1 WO2021168961 A1 WO 2021168961A1 CN 2020081333 W CN2020081333 W CN 2020081333W WO 2021168961 A1 WO2021168961 A1 WO 2021168961A1
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- quenching medium
- thermal stability
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a testing device for the thermal stability of a quenching medium, which belongs to the technical field of metal processing oil.
- quenching medium In the field of industrial quenching, in order to ensure different cooling rate requirements, it is often necessary to add some additives to the quenching medium. Under continuous cyclical quenching conditions, the temperature of the workpiece that the quenching medium is in instant contact with may reach 850°C or even higher. Under this kind of thermal shock, some additives may be consumed by heat, so that the cooling rate cannot be guaranteed. In addition, as a quenching medium for a large number of applications, quenching oil, the main component of the base oil itself, will oxidize and age when it comes in contact with high-temperature workpieces. Therefore, testing and evaluating the stability of the quenching medium under thermal shock and tracking the changes of the relevant indicators of the quenching medium under thermal shock are of great significance for the development and application of the quenching medium.
- the existing quenching oil thermal stability test methods are mainly thermal oxidation ballast test method, rotating oxygen bomb method and so on. These methods are different from the actual working conditions of the thermal shock of the quenching oil high temperature workpiece, and cannot simulate the aging of the quenching medium in the high temperature stage (above 850°C). At the same time, these methods cannot feed back the cooling characteristics of quenching oil in real time.
- the ordinary resistance heating method has low power, which easily causes the quenching medium to overheat and boil during the test process, and the workpiece cannot reach high temperature and has certain safety risks. If the high-temperature workpiece drop impact is used, it is difficult to meet the requirements of automatic circulation, and it is difficult to simulate hundreds of thousands of thermal shock experiments of the quenching medium.
- the present invention provides a test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium.
- the test device can simulate multiple high-temperature thermal shocks to the quenching medium in the actual industrial and mining industry, thereby measuring the heating of the quenching medium to be tested.
- the cooling characteristics and viscosity of each stage before, during and after are evaluated for its thermal stability.
- a testing device for the thermal stability of a quenching medium which includes an experimental container, a quenching medium to be tested placed in the experimental container, and a cooling device for cooling the experimental container; it also includes a measuring sensor placed in the quenching medium to be tested, so The measurement sensor is composed of an induction coil and a standard probe placed at the geometric center of the induction coil; it also includes an induction power supply electrically connected to the induction coil and a control unit connected to the standard probe through a cable, and the control unit is simultaneously connected to the induction power supply through the cable.
- the experimental container is a stainless steel beaker with an open top, which is used to place the quenching medium to be tested, and is connected to the plate heat exchanger through a pagoda head and a hose.
- the cooling device includes a water cooler and a plate heat exchanger.
- the water cooler exchanges heat with the experimental container through the plate heat exchanger.
- the pump forms a circulating cooling circuit.
- the standard probe is a probe specified by the GB/T 30823 standard or the SH/T 0220 standard.
- the cross-sectional diameter of the wire used in the induction coil is 3-8mm
- the inner diameter of the coil is 15-25mm
- the number of turns of the coil is 6-12
- the height of the coil is 80-150mm.
- the induction coil is wound with dense ends and sparse middle, that is, the interval between adjacent turns at both ends of the induction coil is 0.1 ⁇ 0.2mm, and the interval between adjacent turns in the middle of the induction coil is 3 ⁇ 5mm .
- the induction heating power supply is connected to 380V three-phase alternating current.
- control unit includes a central processing chip, a display module and a data acquisition module connected with the central processing chip; the control unit and the display screen are connected through a cable.
- the working principle of the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention when the stainless steel beaker is used in the laboratory to test the thermal stability of the quenching medium to be tested, the measuring sensor is placed in the quenching medium, and the control unit controls the induction power supply to start heating, and passes With a specific induction coil structure, the surface temperature of the standard probe exceeds the Leidenfrost temperature of the medium to be measured and a stable vapor film is formed on the surface of the standard probe during the short time when the induction power is turned on (the input power of the induction power is greater than 8KW).
- the heat conduction rate does not have a heating rate block, so the standard probe can be heated to 850°C in the presence of the vapor film), and the final standard probe can reach 850°C in the quenching medium (the workpiece generally starts to contact at 850°C during the quenching process)
- the quenching medium starts to quench)
- the control unit controls the induction power supply to stop heating
- the quenching medium cools the standard probe
- the control unit collects the real-time temperature of the standard probe and displays the corresponding data on the display.
- the test device of the present invention controls the opening and closing of the induction power supply by collecting the temperature of the standard probe, thereby realizing multiple high-temperature thermal shocks to the quenching medium (simulating actual industrial and mining).
- the quenching medium that has undergone multiple high-temperature thermal shocks is tested for its cooling performance through a cooling characteristic tester, and at the same time, samples are taken to test its viscosity, so as to measure its thermal stability by measuring the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium before, during and after heating. Evaluation. Therefore, the device of the present invention can perform thermal shock on the quenching medium simulating real industrial and mining, thereby obtaining the thermal stability of the quenching medium under thermal shock and tracking the changes of various related indexes of the quenching medium under thermal shock.
- the device for testing the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention can achieve rapid heating of the heated workpiece (standard probe) through induction heating with high specific surface power, thereby achieving high-temperature thermal shock to the quenching medium, and can achieve quenching through repeated heating
- the multiple high-temperature thermal shocks of the medium are evaluated by the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium under the obtained high-temperature thermal shocks to evaluate its thermal stability;
- the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention can simulate the actual high-temperature thermal shock of the quenching medium. Therefore, the application risk of quenching medium can be effectively reduced.
- Figure 1 is a system schematic diagram of a test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control unit
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction coil.
- the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention includes an experimental vessel 1 and a quenching medium 11 to be tested placed in the experimental vessel 1.
- the experimental vessel 1 is an open stainless steel beaker with a volume of 2L, It is used to place the quenching medium 11 to be tested, the shell is fixedly connected with the pagoda head 8, the pagoda head 8 is connected with the hose 14, and the experimental vessel 1 is connected with the plate heat exchanger 9 through the pagoda head 8 and the hose 14, in the plate heat exchanger
- a booster pump 10 is provided on the connecting pipeline between 9 and the experimental container 1, and a circulating loop is formed between the plate heat exchanger 9 and the experimental container 1 through the booster pump 10;
- the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes a cooling device ,
- the cooling device includes a water cooler 12 and a plate heat exchanger 9.
- the water cooler 12 exchanges heat with the experimental vessel 1 through the plate heat exchanger 9; the water cooler 12 cools the quenching medium through the plate heat exchanger 9 while using the
- the pressure pump 10 ensures the active circulation of the quenching medium cooling circuit, so as to ensure that the quenching medium can reduce the amount of quenching medium used in the case of sufficient heat exchange; the thermal stability test device of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes the quenching medium 11 to be tested
- the measuring sensor 2 is composed of an induction coil 3 and a standard probe 4 placed in the geometric center of the induction coil 3.
- the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes an induction power supply 5 electrically connected to the induction coil 3 and a control unit 6 connected to the standard probe 4 through a cable.
- the control unit 6 is simultaneously connected to the induction power supply 5 through the cable;
- the standard probe 4 used in the invention is a nickel alloy probe specified by the GB/T 30823 standard.
- the wire turns at both ends of the induction coil 3 used in the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention are dense (that is, the vertical distance between adjacent wires at both ends of the coil is 0.1 ⁇ 0.2mm), and the wire turns in the middle are sparse (ie The vertical distance between the adjacent wires in the middle of the coil is 3 ⁇ 5mm).
- the winding method of the induction coil 2 is to compensate the upper and lower parts of the coil, so that the two ends of the standard probe 4 have greater specific surface power, and the compensation ends are cooled due to cooling. The high speed leads to the problem of uneven heating temperature.
- the induction coil 3 requires the cross-sectional diameter A of the wire to be 3 ⁇ 8mm, the inner diameter B of the coil (the circle enclosed by the wire) is 15 ⁇ 25mm, the number of turns of the coil is 6 ⁇ 12, and the coil
- the height C of the standard probe 3 is 80 ⁇ 150mm, so as to ensure the relative uniformity of the temperature of the entire standard probe 3. The higher the uniformity of the temperature rise across the surface of the standard probe 3, the larger and more complete the vapor film formed on the surface of the standard probe 3, thus each The heating temperature is more balanced.
- the thermocouple in the standard probe reflects the overall temperature of the standard probe (rather than the local temperature at the thermocouple), so that the temperature transmitted by the thermocouple to the data acquisition module is more realistic and reliable.
- the inductive power supply 5 of the invention is connected to 380V three-phase alternating current, the effective output power is> 8Kw, it can output high-frequency oscillating current, and the working frequency range is 30KHz-100KHz.
- the induction power supply 5 can guarantee the specific surface power of the surface of the standard probe 4, the output oscillation power of the induction power supply 5 is greater than 20Kw, and the effective output power is greater than 8Kw.
- the induction power supply 5 is equipped with a cooling unit, and the cooling unit adopts dual-channel water cooling or oil cooling to cool the induction power supply 5 to prevent the IGBT driver and related components from being damaged by overheating.
- the data acquisition module in the control unit 6 collects the temperature of the standard probe 4, controls the turning on and off of the induction power supply 5 through the temperature of the standard probe 4, and displays the temperature on the display screen 7. That is, the control unit 6 is connected to the induction power supply 5. The control unit 6 judges the current temperature of the standard probe 4 according to the input thermocouple signal. When the temperature of the standard probe 4 is higher than the set upper limit, the sensing power supply 5 is turned off, and when the temperature of the standard probe 4 is lower than the set lower limit, it starts Induction power supply 5 realizes automatic circulation thermal shock.
- the control unit 6 of the present invention includes a central processing chip, a display module and a data acquisition module connected to the central processing chip; the control unit is connected with the display screen 7 through a cable, and the display screen 7 can display the monitored temperature of the quenching medium in real time.
- the test device of the present invention is used to evaluate the thermal stability of the quenching medium: the cooling characteristics and viscosity changes of the quenching medium before and after the experiment are used as the reference basis for the thermal stability evaluation.
- the antioxidant components A In order to compare the same kind of rapid quenching oil, one of the antioxidant components A is switched to the same type of additive B. When the addition ratio and other components are the same, whether the thermal stability of the oil changes.
- the experiment process parameters are as follows: the lower limit of the power switch temperature is set to 80°C according to the common working conditions, the upper limit is set to the typical value of the workpiece heating temperature 850°C, the experimental conditions are 8 hours, and the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium are checked every two hours before and after the experiment. . The results are shown in Table 1.
- the test device of the present invention can automatically continue high-temperature thermal shock of the quenching medium, which is convenient for testing its viscosity and cooling characteristics before, during and after the experiment, so as to obtain the aging process of the quenching medium close to practical working conditions and the performance change trend during the process, so that the evaluation is more suitable Thermal stability of practical quenching medium. Therefore, the device of the present invention can be used to test and evaluate the thermal stability of the quenching medium under continuous high-temperature thermal shock.
Abstract
A test device for thermal stability of a quenching medium, comprising a test container (1), a quenching medium (11) to be tested placed in the test container (1), and a cooling device for cooling the test container (1). The test device further comprises a measurement sensor (2) placed in said quenching medium (11), the measurement sensor (2) being composed of an induction coil (3) and a standard probe (4) placed at the geometric center of the induction coil (3). The test device further comprises an induction power supply (5) electrically connected to the induction coil (3) and a control unit (6) connected to the standard probe (4) by means of a cable, the control unit (6) also being connected to the induction power supply (5) by means of a cable. The test device controls on and off of the induction power supply (5) by acquiring the temperature of the standard probe (4), thereby achieving multiple high-temperature thermal shocks on the quenching medium (11).
Description
本发明涉及一种淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，属于金属加工油技术领域。The invention relates to a testing device for the thermal stability of a quenching medium, which belongs to the technical field of metal processing oil.
在工业淬火领域，为了保证不同的冷速需求，往往需要往淬火介质中加入一些添加剂。在持续周期淬火工况下，淬火介质瞬间接触到的工件温度可能到达850℃甚至更高。在这种热冲击下，部分添加剂可能会受热消耗，从而无法保证冷速要求。此外，淬火油作为一种大量应用的淬火介质，其主要成分基础油本身与高温工件接触就会氧化老化。因此，测试评价淬火介质在热冲击情况下稳定性以及跟踪淬火介质在热冲击情况下各相关指标的变化情况对于淬火介质的开发应用具有重要意义。In the field of industrial quenching, in order to ensure different cooling rate requirements, it is often necessary to add some additives to the quenching medium. Under continuous cyclical quenching conditions, the temperature of the workpiece that the quenching medium is in instant contact with may reach 850°C or even higher. Under this kind of thermal shock, some additives may be consumed by heat, so that the cooling rate cannot be guaranteed. In addition, as a quenching medium for a large number of applications, quenching oil, the main component of the base oil itself, will oxidize and age when it comes in contact with high-temperature workpieces. Therefore, testing and evaluating the stability of the quenching medium under thermal shock and tracking the changes of the relevant indicators of the quenching medium under thermal shock are of great significance for the development and application of the quenching medium.
现有的淬火油热稳定性测试方法主要是热氧化安定仪测试法、旋转氧弹法等。这些方法均与淬火油高温工件热冲击的实际使用工况有所区别，无法模拟高温阶段（850℃以上）的淬火介质老化情况。同时这些方法也无法实时反馈淬火油的冷却特性。此外，对于工件的加热方式，普通的电阻加热方式功率低，容易导致在测试过程淬火介质过热沸腾，工件无法到达高温且有一定的安全隐患。如果采用高温工件跌落式冲击，又很难满足自动循环的要求，难以模拟淬火介质成百上千次的热冲击实验。The existing quenching oil thermal stability test methods are mainly thermal oxidation ballast test method, rotating oxygen bomb method and so on. These methods are different from the actual working conditions of the thermal shock of the quenching oil high temperature workpiece, and cannot simulate the aging of the quenching medium in the high temperature stage (above 850°C). At the same time, these methods cannot feed back the cooling characteristics of quenching oil in real time. In addition, for the heating method of the workpiece, the ordinary resistance heating method has low power, which easily causes the quenching medium to overheat and boil during the test process, and the workpiece cannot reach high temperature and has certain safety risks. If the high-temperature workpiece drop impact is used, it is difficult to meet the requirements of automatic circulation, and it is difficult to simulate hundreds of thousands of thermal shock experiments of the quenching medium.
为解决现有技术中的问题，本发明提供一种淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，该测试装置能够模拟出实际工矿下对淬火介质的多次高温热冲击，从而通过测定待测淬火介质加热前、中、后各阶段冷却特性和黏度来对其热稳定性进行评价。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium. The test device can simulate multiple high-temperature thermal shocks to the quenching medium in the actual industrial and mining industry, thereby measuring the heating of the quenching medium to be tested. The cooling characteristics and viscosity of each stage before, during and after are evaluated for its thermal stability.
一种淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，包括实验容器、置于实验容器中的待测淬火介质以及用于给实验容器冷却的冷却装置；还包括置于待测淬火介质中的测量传感器，所述测量传感器由感应线圈以及放置在感应线圈几何中心的标准探头组成；还包括与感应线圈电连接的感应电源以及与标准探头通过电缆连接的控制单元，控制单元同时通过电缆与感应电源连接。A testing device for the thermal stability of a quenching medium, which includes an experimental container, a quenching medium to be tested placed in the experimental container, and a cooling device for cooling the experimental container; it also includes a measuring sensor placed in the quenching medium to be tested, so The measurement sensor is composed of an induction coil and a standard probe placed at the geometric center of the induction coil; it also includes an induction power supply electrically connected to the induction coil and a control unit connected to the standard probe through a cable, and the control unit is simultaneously connected to the induction power supply through the cable.
其中，实验容器为顶部开口的不锈钢烧杯，用于放置待测淬火介质，并通过宝塔头和软管与板式换热器连接。Among them, the experimental container is a stainless steel beaker with an open top, which is used to place the quenching medium to be tested, and is connected to the plate heat exchanger through a pagoda head and a hose.
其中，冷却装置包括水冷却机和板式换热器，水冷却机通过板式换热器与实验容器进行热交换，在板式换热器与实验容器的连接管路设有增压泵，通过增压泵形成循环冷却回路。Among them, the cooling device includes a water cooler and a plate heat exchanger. The water cooler exchanges heat with the experimental container through the plate heat exchanger. The pump forms a circulating cooling circuit.
其中，所述标准探头为GB/T 30823标准或SH/T 0220标准指定的探头。Wherein, the standard probe is a probe specified by the GB/T 30823 standard or the SH/T 0220 standard.
其中，所述感应线圈使用的电线截面直径为3~8mm、线圈的内径为15~25mm、线圈的匝数为6~12、线圈的高度为80~150mm。Wherein, the cross-sectional diameter of the wire used in the induction coil is 3-8mm, the inner diameter of the coil is 15-25mm, the number of turns of the coil is 6-12, and the height of the coil is 80-150mm.
其中，所述感应线圈呈两端密，中间疏的方式扎制，即感应线圈两端相邻匝之间的间隔为0.1~0.2mm，感应线圈中部相邻匝之间的间隔为3~5mm。Wherein, the induction coil is wound with dense ends and sparse middle, that is, the interval between adjacent turns at both ends of the induction coil is 0.1~0.2mm, and the interval between adjacent turns in the middle of the induction coil is 3~5mm .
其中，所述感应加热电源接380V三相交流电。Wherein, the induction heating power supply is connected to 380V three-phase alternating current.
其中，所述控制单元包括中央处理芯片以及与中央处理芯片连接的显示模块和数据采集模块；控制单元与显示屏通过电缆连接。Wherein, the control unit includes a central processing chip, a display module and a data acquisition module connected with the central processing chip; the control unit and the display screen are connected through a cable.
本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置的工作原理：在实验室中利用不锈钢烧杯对待测淬火介质进行热稳定性测试时，将测量传感器置于淬火介质中，控制单元控制感应电源开始加热，通过特定的感应线圈结构，在感应电源接通的短时间内（感应电源输入功率此时大于8KW）标准探头表面温度超过待测介质的Leidenfrost 温度并在标准探头表面形成稳定蒸汽膜（蒸汽膜导热慢，另外导热速率没有加热速率块，因此在蒸汽膜的存在下标准探头能够整体升温至850℃），最终标准探头在淬火介质中整体温度达到850℃时（工件在淬火过程一般从850℃开始接触淬火介质开始淬火），控制单元控制感应电源停止加热，淬火介质对标准探头进行冷却降温，控制单元采集标准探头的实时温度，并将对应数据显示在显示屏上。The working principle of the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention: when the stainless steel beaker is used in the laboratory to test the thermal stability of the quenching medium to be tested, the measuring sensor is placed in the quenching medium, and the control unit controls the induction power supply to start heating, and passes With a specific induction coil structure, the surface temperature of the standard probe exceeds the Leidenfrost temperature of the medium to be measured and a stable vapor film is formed on the surface of the standard probe during the short time when the induction power is turned on (the input power of the induction power is greater than 8KW). In addition, the heat conduction rate does not have a heating rate block, so the standard probe can be heated to 850°C in the presence of the vapor film), and the final standard probe can reach 850°C in the quenching medium (the workpiece generally starts to contact at 850°C during the quenching process) The quenching medium starts to quench), the control unit controls the induction power supply to stop heating, the quenching medium cools the standard probe, and the control unit collects the real-time temperature of the standard probe and displays the corresponding data on the display.
本发明测试装置通过采集标准探头的温度来控制感应电源的开启和关闭，从而实现对淬火介质的多次高温热冲击（模拟实际工矿）。The test device of the present invention controls the opening and closing of the induction power supply by collecting the temperature of the standard probe, thereby realizing multiple high-temperature thermal shocks to the quenching medium (simulating actual industrial and mining).
将经过多次高温热冲击的淬火介质通过冷却特性测试仪检测其冷却性能，同时取样检测其粘度，从而通过测定淬火介质加热前、中、后各阶段冷却特性和黏度来对其热稳定性进行评价。因此本发明装置能够对淬火介质模拟真实工矿进行热冲击，进而得到淬火介质在热冲击情况下的热稳定性以及跟踪淬火介质在热冲击情况下各相关指标的变化情况。 The quenching medium that has undergone multiple high-temperature thermal shocks is tested for its cooling performance through a cooling characteristic tester, and at the same time, samples are taken to test its viscosity, so as to measure its thermal stability by measuring the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium before, during and after heating. Evaluation. Therefore, the device of the present invention can perform thermal shock on the quenching medium simulating real industrial and mining, thereby obtaining the thermal stability of the quenching medium under thermal shock and tracking the changes of various related indexes of the quenching medium under thermal shock.
本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置通过高比表面功率的感应加热，可实现加热工件（标准探头）的快速升温，从而实现对淬火介质的高温热冲击，并且可通过反复的加热实现对淬火介质的多次高温热冲击，通过获取到的高温热冲击下淬火介质的冷却特性和粘度来评价其热稳定性；本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置能够模拟淬火介质高温热冲击的实际工况，从而有效降低淬火介质的应用风险。The device for testing the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention can achieve rapid heating of the heated workpiece (standard probe) through induction heating with high specific surface power, thereby achieving high-temperature thermal shock to the quenching medium, and can achieve quenching through repeated heating The multiple high-temperature thermal shocks of the medium are evaluated by the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium under the obtained high-temperature thermal shocks to evaluate its thermal stability; the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention can simulate the actual high-temperature thermal shock of the quenching medium. Therefore, the application risk of quenching medium can be effectively reduced.
图1为本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置的***原理图；Figure 1 is a system schematic diagram of a test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention;
图2为控制单元的原理图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the control unit;
图3为感应线圈的结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction coil.
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步阐述。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1~3所示，本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，包括实验容器1以及置于实验容器1中的待测淬火介质11；实验容器1为开口式不锈钢烧杯，容积为2L，用于放置待测淬火介质11，外壳与宝塔头8固定连接，宝塔头8与软管14连接，实验容器1通过宝塔头8和软管14与板式换热器9连接，在板式换热器9与实验容器1的连接管路上设有增压泵10，通过增压泵10板式换热器9与实验容器1之间形成循环回路；本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置还包括冷却装置，冷却装置包括水冷却机12和板式换热器9，水冷却机12通过板式换热器9与实验容器1进行热交换；水冷却机12通过板式换热器9冷却淬火介质，同时利用增压泵10保证淬火介质冷却回路的主动循环，从而保证淬火介质在充分换热的情况下减小淬火介质的使用量；本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置还包括置于待测淬火介质11中的测量传感器2，测量传感器2由感应线圈3以及放置在感应线圈3几何中心的标准探头4组成，即标准探头4同感应线圈3固定在一起组成测量传感器2浸入待测淬火介质11中；本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置还包括与感应线圈3电连接的感应电源5以及与标准探头4通过电缆连接的控制单元6，控制单元6同时通过电缆与感应电源5连接；其中，本发明使用的标准探头4为GB/T 30823标准指定的镍合金探头。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention includes an experimental vessel 1 and a quenching medium 11 to be tested placed in the experimental vessel 1. The experimental vessel 1 is an open stainless steel beaker with a volume of 2L, It is used to place the quenching medium 11 to be tested, the shell is fixedly connected with the pagoda head 8, the pagoda head 8 is connected with the hose 14, and the experimental vessel 1 is connected with the plate heat exchanger 9 through the pagoda head 8 and the hose 14, in the plate heat exchanger A booster pump 10 is provided on the connecting pipeline between 9 and the experimental container 1, and a circulating loop is formed between the plate heat exchanger 9 and the experimental container 1 through the booster pump 10; the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes a cooling device , The cooling device includes a water cooler 12 and a plate heat exchanger 9. The water cooler 12 exchanges heat with the experimental vessel 1 through the plate heat exchanger 9; the water cooler 12 cools the quenching medium through the plate heat exchanger 9 while using the The pressure pump 10 ensures the active circulation of the quenching medium cooling circuit, so as to ensure that the quenching medium can reduce the amount of quenching medium used in the case of sufficient heat exchange; the thermal stability test device of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes the quenching medium 11 to be tested The measuring sensor 2 is composed of an induction coil 3 and a standard probe 4 placed in the geometric center of the induction coil 3. That is, the standard probe 4 and the induction coil 3 are fixed together to form the measuring sensor 2 immersed in the quenching medium 11 to be tested; The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention also includes an induction power supply 5 electrically connected to the induction coil 3 and a control unit 6 connected to the standard probe 4 through a cable. The control unit 6 is simultaneously connected to the induction power supply 5 through the cable; The standard probe 4 used in the invention is a nickel alloy probe specified by the GB/T 30823 standard.
本发明淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置中所使用的感应线圈3两端的电线匝的很密（即线圈两端相邻电线的垂直距离为0.1~0.2mm），中部的电线匝的稀疏（即线圈中部相邻电线的垂直距离为3~5mm），感应线圈2这样的扎制方式是为了进行线圈上部和下部补偿，使标准探头4两端具有更大的比表面功率，补偿两端因冷却速度快导致加热温度不均匀的问题，感应线圈3要求电线的截面直径A为3~8mm、线圈（电线围合的圆圈）的内径B为15~25mm、线圈的匝数为6~12、线圈的高度C为80~150mm，从而保证整个标准探头3温度的相对均匀性，标准探头3表面各处升温的均匀性越高，在标准探头3表面形成的蒸汽膜越大、越完整，从而各处加热的温度更均衡，此时标准探头内热电偶反应的即是标准探头整体的温度（而不是热电偶处的局部温度），从而使热电偶传输给数据采集模块的温度更真实、可靠。The wire turns at both ends of the induction coil 3 used in the test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium of the present invention are dense (that is, the vertical distance between adjacent wires at both ends of the coil is 0.1~0.2mm), and the wire turns in the middle are sparse (ie The vertical distance between the adjacent wires in the middle of the coil is 3~5mm). The winding method of the induction coil 2 is to compensate the upper and lower parts of the coil, so that the two ends of the standard probe 4 have greater specific surface power, and the compensation ends are cooled due to cooling. The high speed leads to the problem of uneven heating temperature. The induction coil 3 requires the cross-sectional diameter A of the wire to be 3~8mm, the inner diameter B of the coil (the circle enclosed by the wire) is 15~25mm, the number of turns of the coil is 6~12, and the coil The height C of the standard probe 3 is 80~150mm, so as to ensure the relative uniformity of the temperature of the entire standard probe 3. The higher the uniformity of the temperature rise across the surface of the standard probe 3, the larger and more complete the vapor film formed on the surface of the standard probe 3, thus each The heating temperature is more balanced. At this time, the thermocouple in the standard probe reflects the overall temperature of the standard probe (rather than the local temperature at the thermocouple), so that the temperature transmitted by the thermocouple to the data acquisition module is more realistic and reliable.
发明感应电源5接380V三相交流电，有效输出功率＞8Kw，可以输出高频振荡电流，工作频率范围在30KHz-100KHz。感应电源5能够保证标准探头4表面的比表面功率，感应电源5的输出振荡功率大于20Kw，有效输出功率大于8Kw。同时感应电源5配置有冷却单元，冷却单元采用双通路水冷或油冷对感应电源5降温，防止其中的IGBT驱动器和相关器件过热损坏。控制单元6中的数据采集模块采集标准探头4的温度，通过标准探头4的温度来控制感应电源5的开启和关闭，并将温度在显示屏7上显示出来。即控制单元6连接感应电源5，控制单元6根据输入的热偶信号判断当前标准探头4的温度，当标准探头4温度高于设置上限关闭感应电源5，当标准探头4温度低于设置下限启动感应电源5，实现自动循环热冲击。The inductive power supply 5 of the invention is connected to 380V three-phase alternating current, the effective output power is> 8Kw, it can output high-frequency oscillating current, and the working frequency range is 30KHz-100KHz. The induction power supply 5 can guarantee the specific surface power of the surface of the standard probe 4, the output oscillation power of the induction power supply 5 is greater than 20Kw, and the effective output power is greater than 8Kw. At the same time, the induction power supply 5 is equipped with a cooling unit, and the cooling unit adopts dual-channel water cooling or oil cooling to cool the induction power supply 5 to prevent the IGBT driver and related components from being damaged by overheating. The data acquisition module in the control unit 6 collects the temperature of the standard probe 4, controls the turning on and off of the induction power supply 5 through the temperature of the standard probe 4, and displays the temperature on the display screen 7. That is, the control unit 6 is connected to the induction power supply 5. The control unit 6 judges the current temperature of the standard probe 4 according to the input thermocouple signal. When the temperature of the standard probe 4 is higher than the set upper limit, the sensing power supply 5 is turned off, and when the temperature of the standard probe 4 is lower than the set lower limit, it starts Induction power supply 5 realizes automatic circulation thermal shock.
本发明控制单元6包括中央处理芯片以及与中央处理芯片连接的显示模块和数据采集模块；控制单元与显示屏7通过电缆连接，显示屏7能够实时显示监测到的淬火介质的温度。The control unit 6 of the present invention includes a central processing chip, a display module and a data acquisition module connected to the central processing chip; the control unit is connected with the display screen 7 through a cable, and the display screen 7 can display the monitored temperature of the quenching medium in real time.
采用本发明测试装置评价淬火介质的热稳定性：通过实验前后淬火介质冷却特性和粘度变化作为热稳定性评价的参考依据。The test device of the present invention is used to evaluate the thermal stability of the quenching medium: the cooling characteristics and viscosity changes of the quenching medium before and after the experiment are used as the reference basis for the thermal stability evaluation.
为比较同一种快速淬火油，将其中一个抗氧剂成分A切换为同一类型添加剂B，添加比例及其他组成成分均不变的情况下，油品热稳定性是否变化。实验过程参数如下：电源开关温度下限按常用工况设为80℃，上限设为工件加热温度典型值850℃，实验条件8小时，实验前后及过程每两小时检测一次淬火介质的冷却特性及粘度。结果如表1。In order to compare the same kind of rapid quenching oil, one of the antioxidant components A is switched to the same type of additive B. When the addition ratio and other components are the same, whether the thermal stability of the oil changes. The experiment process parameters are as follows: the lower limit of the power switch temperature is set to 80℃ according to the common working conditions, the upper limit is set to the typical value of the workpiece heating temperature 850℃, the experimental conditions are 8 hours, and the cooling characteristics and viscosity of the quenching medium are checked every two hours before and after the experiment. . The results are shown in Table 1.
表1 测试结果Table 1 Test results
通过以上实验可以看出，随着持续的热冲击，相较于含有添加剂B的油品，含有添加剂A的油品粘度和最大冷速以及上特性温度下降均比较快，同时300℃冷速也上升的较快，说明添加剂A对该油品的热稳定性没有添加剂B好。与此同时，为验证本发明测试装置的准确性，根据该结果，将生产现场使用的油品补充添加剂B，经跟踪确认，其冷速维持周期显著长于加有添加剂A的油品。Through the above experiment, it can be seen that with the continuous thermal shock, compared with the oil containing additive B, the viscosity of the oil containing additive A, the maximum cooling rate and the upper characteristic temperature decrease faster, and the cooling rate at 300°C is also faster. The faster rise indicates that Additive A is not as good as Additive B in terms of the thermal stability of the oil. At the same time, in order to verify the accuracy of the test device of the present invention, based on the results, the oil used at the production site was supplemented with additive B. After tracking and confirmation, the cooling rate maintenance period was significantly longer than that of the oil added with additive A.
本发明测试装置能够自动持续高温热冲击淬火介质，便于实验前中后检测其粘度和冷却特性，以得到淬火介质的接近实用工况的老化过程以及过程中的性能变化趋势，从而评价更适于实用的淬火介质的热稳定性。因此本发明装置能够用于测试评价淬火介质在连续高温热冲击情况下的热稳定性状况。The test device of the present invention can automatically continue high-temperature thermal shock of the quenching medium, which is convenient for testing its viscosity and cooling characteristics before, during and after the experiment, so as to obtain the aging process of the quenching medium close to practical working conditions and the performance change trend during the process, so that the evaluation is more suitable Thermal stability of practical quenching medium. Therefore, the device of the present invention can be used to test and evaluate the thermal stability of the quenching medium under continuous high-temperature thermal shock.
Claims (8)
- 一种淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：包括实验容器、置于实验容器中的待测淬火介质以及用于给实验容器冷却的冷却装置；还包括置于待测淬火介质中的测量传感器，所述测量传感器由感应线圈以及放置在感应线圈几何中心的标准探头组成；还包括与感应线圈电连接的感应电源以及与标准探头通过电缆连接的控制单元，控制单元同时通过电缆与感应电源连接。A testing device for the thermal stability of a quenching medium, which is characterized in that it includes an experimental container, a quenching medium to be tested placed in the experimental container, and a cooling device for cooling the experimental container; it also includes a quenching medium to be tested Measuring sensor, the measuring sensor is composed of an induction coil and a standard probe placed in the geometric center of the induction coil; it also includes an induction power supply electrically connected to the induction coil and a control unit connected to the standard probe through a cable. The control unit is connected to the induction via the cable Power connection.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述实验容器为顶部开口的不锈钢烧杯。The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the experimental container is a stainless steel beaker with an open top.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述冷却装置包括水冷却机和板式换热器，水冷却机通过板式换热器与实验容器进行热交换，在板式换热器与实验容器的连接管路上设有增压泵。The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device includes a water cooler and a plate heat exchanger, and the water cooler exchanges heat with the experimental container through the plate heat exchanger. A booster pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the plate heat exchanger and the experimental container.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述标准探头为GB/T 30823标准或SH/T 0220标准指定的探头。The testing device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the standard probe is a probe specified by the GB/T 30823 standard or the SH/T 0220 standard.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述感应线圈使用的电线截面直径为3~8mm、线圈的内径为15~25mm、线圈的匝数为6~12、线圈的高度为80~150mm。The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the wire used in the induction coil is 3-8mm, the inner diameter of the coil is 15-25mm, and the number of turns of the coil is 6-12. , The height of the coil is 80~150mm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述感应线圈两端相邻匝之间的间隔为0.1~0.2mm，感应线圈中部相邻匝之间的间隔为3~5mm。The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the interval between adjacent turns at both ends of the induction coil is 0.1~0.2mm, and the interval between adjacent turns in the middle of the induction coil is 3~5mm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述感应加热电源接380V三相交流电。The testing device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the induction heating power supply is connected to a 380V three-phase alternating current.
- 根据权利要求1所述的淬火介质热稳定性的测试装置，其特征在于：所述控制单元包括中央处理芯片以及与中央处理芯片连接的显示模块和数据采集模块；控制单元与显示屏通过电缆连接。The test device for the thermal stability of the quenching medium according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes a central processing chip, and a display module and a data acquisition module connected to the central processing chip; the control unit and the display screen are connected through a cable .
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