WO2021151268A1

WO2021151268A1 - Personalized air cushion shoe

Info

Publication number: WO2021151268A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/089094
Authority: WO
Inventors: 薛念强
Original assignee: 薛念强
Priority date: 2020-02-01
Filing date: 2020-05-08
Publication date: 2021-08-05

Abstract

Provided is an air cushion, which is divided into two or more relatively independent air bags in different areas, and the independent air bags are in communication by means of one or more flow limiting valves. If the air cushion is subjected to a non-uniform impact force, under the action of a pressure difference, the air in the air cushion flows, in a limited manner, under the control of the flow limiting valve, such that the relationship between an increase in pressure and the deformation of the air cushion is more linear. The air pressure difference exists between the relatively independent air bags in different areas of the air cushion within a certain time, different buffer and support properties are exhibited, and the balance between the support force and the damping effect is obtained.

Description

个性化气垫鞋Personalized air cushion shoes

技术领域Technical field

本专利涉及一种气垫鞋。This patent relates to an air cushion shoe.

背景技术Background technique

公知的，在跑跳运动时足底应力分布和时程分析等相关研究表明，足底不同位置受力呈现明显不均匀、不同步的特点，且变幅大、历时短，具有明显的冲击力特征，根据运动激烈程度不同，力幅峰值往往数倍于体重。由冲击力计算公式Ft=M△v可知增加鞋底弹性延长受力时间减小力幅峰值，是缓震功能得以实现的有效途径。由于人体足弓构造，足跟处鞋底缓震能力对保护踝关节、膝关节最为重要。空气在一定压强范围内具良好的弹性，且不老化不衰退，气垫一般在中底和大底之间提供减震功能，疏松多孔的减震中底材料可视为微观气垫聚合体。It is well-known that related studies such as plantar stress distribution and time history analysis during running and jumping exercises show that the force at different positions of the plantar is obviously uneven and asynchronous, and the amplitude is large, the duration is short, and it has obvious impact. Characteristics, according to the intensity of the exercise, the peak force amplitude is often several times the body weight. From the impact force calculation formula Ft=M△v, it can be seen that increasing the elasticity of the sole, extending the force time and reducing the peak force amplitude, is an effective way to realize the cushioning function. Due to the structure of the human foot arch, the cushioning ability of the sole at the heel is the most important to protect the ankle and knee joints. Air has good elasticity within a certain pressure range, and does not age or decline. The air cushion generally provides shock absorption between the midsole and the outsole. The loose and porous shock absorption midsole material can be regarded as a microscopic air cushion polymer.

由带过流腔体的阀壳和活动机构组成，根据压差自动开闭（在压差小时不限流，过流能力大；压差大时限流，过流能力小），即可保证流体相互连通，又可限制流动能力，延迟两侧流体压强趋同的装置，可称为限流阀，或限压阀。限流阀种类多样材质各异，按原理分为减小过流断面，增大过流路径长度，增大过流摩阻力等方式；按功能大体可分为单向限流，双向限流；固定限流比，可调限流比（此处定义限流比为限流过流能力与非限流时最大过流能力之比）；按构造可分为瓣膜式，浮动阀式，滚珠式，挤压软管式等；按材质可分弹性，刚性，半刚性；按精度分自适应简易控制式，微电脑智能精准测控电动、电磁阀等。不同种类限流阀限流特性不同，即限流比不同，限流起始压差不同，限流起效后限流力度随压差变化特性也不同；限流特性的调节方式不同，限流特性可调范围不同。Composed of a valve housing with a flow cavity and a movable mechanism, it automatically opens and closes according to the pressure difference (the flow is not restricted when the pressure difference is small, and the flow capacity is large; when the pressure difference is large, the flow is limited, and the flow capacity is small) to ensure fluid A device that communicates with each other and can limit the flow capacity and delay the convergence of the fluid pressure on both sides can be called a flow limiting valve or a pressure limiting valve. There are various types of flow-limiting valves with different materials. According to the principle, they are divided into methods such as reducing the flow section, increasing the flow path length, and increasing the flow friction resistance; according to the function, it can be roughly divided into one-way current limiting and two-way current limiting; Fixed current-limiting ratio, adjustable current-limiting ratio (the current-limiting ratio defined here is the ratio of the current-limiting capacity and the maximum capacity of non-limiting current); according to the structure can be divided into valve type, floating valve type, ball type , Squeeze hose type, etc.; according to material, it can be divided into elastic, rigid, semi-rigid; according to precision, it can be divided into adaptive simple control type, microcomputer intelligent and precise measurement and control of electric, solenoid valve, etc. Different types of restrictor valves have different current-limiting characteristics, that is, the current-limiting ratio is different, the initial pressure difference of the current-limiting is different, and the current-limiting strength varies with the pressure difference after the current-limiting takes effect; the adjustment methods of the current-limiting characteristics are different, and the current-limiting The adjustable range of characteristics is different.

技术问题technical problem

鞋底气垫一般呈偏平或条状，由连通器原理可知，偏平、条状充气物体，某点受外部压力作用时，不受压部位膨胀受压局部塌缩，支撑效果差。为解决上述问题，常规方法有以下几种。其一，气垫设限制局部膨胀的抗拉肋，抗拉肋是自气垫鞋首次发明同时出现的设计，当气垫内初始气压高时，其可较好的发挥抑制受压部分塌缩的作用；但初始气压过高，空气可压缩性差，气垫减震性能更多依赖气垫壁及抗拉肋自身材料的弹性，而非气垫内空气的弹性，且材料弹性易老化丧失。其二，气垫内设支撑条、柱，其缺陷在于缓冲性能受支撑条、柱自身材料弹性限制。其三，减小气垫面积，其较多的气囊壁发挥了支撑条和抗拉肋相似的作用；如半掌气垫，又如将气垫分割成多个不连通完全独立气囊；其缺陷在于气体压缩非线性，独立气囊受压初期支撑力弱，末段缓冲能力差。The sole air cushion is generally flat or strip-shaped. According to the principle of the communicating device, a flat, strip-shaped inflatable object, when a certain point is subjected to external pressure, the uncompressed area will expand and contract locally, and the supporting effect is poor. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there are the following conventional methods. First, the air cushion is equipped with tensile ribs that limit local expansion. The tensile ribs are a design that appeared at the same time as the first invention of air cushion shoes. When the initial air pressure in the air cushion is high, it can better suppress the collapse of the compressed part; However, the initial air pressure is too high and the air compressibility is poor. The shock absorption performance of the air cushion depends more on the elasticity of the air cushion wall and the tensile ribs themselves, rather than the elasticity of the air in the air cushion, and the material elasticity is easily lost due to aging. Secondly, there are support bars and columns inside the air cushion. The disadvantage is that the cushioning performance is limited by the elasticity of the support bars and columns. Third, reduce the area of the air cushion. More airbag walls play a similar role to the support strips and tensile ribs; for example, half-palm air cushions, or dividing the air cushion into multiple disconnected and completely independent airbags; its defect lies in gas compression Non-linear, the independent airbag has weak initial support force under compression, and poor cushioning capacity at the end.

技术解决方案Technical solutions

将气垫分隔为两个或两个以上不同区域相对独立气囊，使用一个或多个限流阀进行连通。相对独立即不完全独立也不完全连通，就是有限制的连通，这种限制表现在连通程度的差异上，也表现在连通时间的差异上；在本专利中这种限制由限流阀实现。The air cushion is divided into two or more different areas, relatively independent airbags, and one or more restrictive valves are used for communication. Relatively independent, that is, not completely independent or completely connected, that is, restricted communication. This restriction is manifested in the difference in the degree of connection and the difference in the connection time; in this patent, this restriction is achieved by a restrictor valve.

当气垫鞋局部受到冲击力时，此区域相对独立气囊内气压上升，随与周边相对独立气囊压差增大，限流阀自动开始限流，相对独立气囊内气体受限流阀控制下有限制的流出，减慢了相对独立气囊内气压升高的速度，配合适宜的初始充气气压，使相对独立气囊内气压始终处于既能提供良好支撑又不会升高到难于继续压缩的范围内，就是在更长时间处于弹性良好的压强范围内。由冲击力计算公式Ft=M△v，本发明试图实现对t的主动控制，以期获得理想的F值。气垫的缓冲性能更多的依赖空气弹性，而非气垫制造材料的弹性。当不均匀外力撤去，压差减小限流阀自动复位，气体不受限制迅速回流，为再一次缓冲不均匀冲击做好准备。When the air-cushion shoe is locally impacted, the air pressure in this area relative to the independent air bag rises. As the pressure difference between the independent air bag and the surrounding area increases, the restrictor valve automatically starts to restrict the flow, which is restricted by the control of the air restrictive flow valve in the independent air bag. The outflow of the relative independent airbag slows down the increase of the air pressure in the relatively independent airbag. With a suitable initial inflation air pressure, the air pressure in the relatively independent airbag is always in the range that can provide good support without increasing to the extent that it is difficult to continue compression. Stay in a pressure range with good elasticity for a longer time. From the impact force calculation formula Ft=M△v, the present invention tries to realize the active control of t in order to obtain the ideal F value. The cushioning performance of the air cushion is more dependent on the elasticity of the air, rather than the elasticity of the material that the air cushion is made of. When the uneven external force is removed, the pressure difference is reduced and the restrictor valve is automatically reset, and the gas flows back quickly without restriction, preparing for another uneven impact to be buffered.

有益效果Beneficial effect

限流阀首次运用在气垫鞋上，使气垫在不均匀受力时，压力增大与气垫变形的关系更加线性，气垫不同区域的相对独立气囊间一定时间内存在气压差，表现不同缓冲及支撑特性，获得支撑力与减震效果的平衡。气垫鞋具有通过调整充气气压和限流阀限流特性以表现不同缓震特性的功能，使每双气垫鞋均具有个性订制属性。The restrictor valve was first used on air cushion shoes to make the relationship between the pressure increase and the deformation of the air cushion more linear when the air cushion is unevenly stressed. There is a pressure difference between the relatively independent air bags in different areas of the air cushion for a certain period of time, and the performance of different cushioning and support Features, to obtain a balance of support and shock absorption. Air-cushion shoes have the function of adjusting the air pressure and the current-limiting characteristics of the restrictor valve to express different cushioning characteristics, so that each pair of air-cushion shoes has individual customized attributes.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为浮动阀式限流阀剖面及断面。浮动阀式限流阀是本发明可使用的多种类型限流阀中的一种，附图展示仅因为其制造成本低，且限流效果可调节性较好。Figure 1 shows the cross-section and cross-section of the floating valve type restrictor valve. The floating valve type flow restricting valve is one of the various types of flow restricting valves that can be used in the present invention. The drawings show only because of its low manufacturing cost and the better adjustability of the restricting effect.

图1所示限流阀可轻松实现正反方向不等限流比；压差小时不限流，压差增大时限流，响应迅速；浮动阀由弹性材料制作时，可实现限流过流断面随压差减小而增大，随压差增大而减小，直至完全关闭；浮动阀反向安装则可实现过流断面随压差增大而增大，随压差减小而减小；当阀壳由弹性材料制作时，可由喉箍松紧实现限流过流断面大小连续可调，限流比连续可调。The flow limiting valve shown in Figure 1 can easily achieve unequal flow limiting ratios in the forward and reverse directions; the flow is not limited when the pressure difference is small, and the flow is limited when the pressure difference increases, and the response is rapid; when the floating valve is made of elastic material, the flow can be limited and overcurrent The cross-section increases with the decrease of the pressure difference, and decreases with the increase of the pressure difference, until it is completely closed; the reverse installation of the floating valve can realize that the flow cross-section increases with the increase of the pressure difference, and decreases with the decrease of the pressure difference. Small; when the valve housing is made of elastic material, the flow-limiting cross-section can be continuously adjusted by the tightness of the throat hoop, and the current-limiting ratio can be continuously adjusted.

附图标记说明：1相对独立气囊壁或连接管体，2 阀壳，3 浮动阀连杆，3a浮动阀A端阀片，3b浮动阀B端阀片，4变刚度弹簧，5 限流比调节喉阀。 Description of Reference Signs : 1 Relatively independent air bag wall or connecting pipe body, 2 valve housing, 3 floating valve connecting rod, 3a floating valve end A valve plate, 3b floating valve end B valve plate, 4 variable stiffness spring, 5 flow restriction ratio Adjust the throat valve.

本发明的最佳实施方式The best mode of the present invention

气垫可划分为两个以上相对独立气囊，设多种不同限流特性的限流阀进行串联或并联或交错连接，利用多个不同限流特性的限流阀组合，调整限流特性，使气垫变形与外力大小之比更加线性，获得更好缓震性能。本说明书多以将相对独立气囊纵向排列为例（此处以从足跟至足尖称为纵向，垂直为横向），为避免运动时脚掌发生横向侧翻伤及脚踝，相对独立气囊可设计为块状、条状、环状，可横向、纵向、高低错落布置，应符合人体工程学，使穿着舒适。The air cushion can be divided into more than two relatively independent airbags. A variety of limiting valves with different current limiting characteristics are connected in series, parallel or staggered. The combination of multiple limiting valves with different current limiting characteristics is used to adjust the limiting characteristics to make the air cushion The ratio of deformation to external force is more linear, resulting in better cushioning performance. This manual mostly takes the longitudinal arrangement of relatively independent airbags as an example (here, from heel to toe is called longitudinal, and vertical is horizontal). To avoid lateral rollover and ankle injuries during exercise, relatively independent airbags can be designed as blocks. Shapes, strips, and rings, which can be arranged horizontally, vertically, and horizontally. They should be ergonomic and comfortable to wear.

相对独立气囊应以柔软的高抗拉强度高弹性模量面料制造，气垫应设充气嘴，调整气垫充气气压和限流阀限流特性可表现不同缓震、回弹特性，以更好的适应不同用户不同使用场景。可根据实验提供不同体重穿着者进行各项运动时充气气压及限流比调节刻度表。Relatively independent airbags should be made of soft fabrics with high tensile strength and elastic modulus. The air cushion should be equipped with an inflation nozzle. Adjust the air cushion inflation pressure and restrictor valve flow restriction characteristics to show different cushioning and rebound characteristics for better adaptation. Different users have different usage scenarios. According to the experiment, it can provide the adjustment scale of inflation air pressure and flow restriction ratio when wearers of different weights perform various exercises.

同一部位长时间或频繁承受不均匀外力，采用简易限流阀的气垫鞋，可能导致相应位置相对独立气囊内空气被排空（如网球场上频繁垫步和多次小碎步调整后的迅猛启动，主要由前掌受力完成，足跟几乎不参与，导致前脚掌下相对独立气囊被排出的空气不能及时回流）丧失缓冲能力，影响穿着舒适性，并有可能造成限流阀被直接踩踏造成损坏。可行的补救措施包括：使用低压差启动限流的限流阀，调整限流比率增强限流力度，提高充气气压，在足跟部位相对独立气囊内设置抗拉肋，最直接的方法是在前掌区域的相对独立气囊内设置弹性支撑条柱。The same part is subjected to uneven external force for a long time or frequently, and air cushion shoes with simple restrictor valve may cause the air in the corresponding position to be evacuated from the independent airbag (such as frequent stepping on a tennis court and rapid start after multiple small steps. , Which is mainly completed by the force of the forefoot, and the heel hardly participates, causing the air discharged from the relatively independent airbag under the forefoot to not return in time.) Loss of cushioning ability, affecting wearing comfort, and may cause the restrictor valve to be directly stepped on damage. Feasible remedial measures include: using a low-pressure differential to activate a flow-limiting flow restrictor, adjusting the flow restriction ratio to increase the flow restriction strength, increasing the inflation pressure, and setting anti-tension ribs in the heel area relative to the independent airbag. The most direct method is to go ahead. The relatively independent airbag in the palm area is provided with elastic support bars.

在限流阀两端或其联通的相对独立气囊内安设气压、流速、加速度等传感器，采集运动指征及气垫受力数据，由微电脑根据预设程序进行逻辑运算，控制电动、电磁阀进行精准控制，以提供更好缓震和支撑效果。可在气垫鞋和手机等智能终端建立无线通信联系，方便运动参数可视化，和缓震/支撑特性的调整，也可将各种参数及用户评价汇总的大数据进行神经网络深度学习，不断改进控制逻辑，向更智能话方向发展。或将微型电动压气机集成到气垫鞋上，根据运动需要自动冲放气。Sensors such as air pressure, flow rate, acceleration, etc. are installed at both ends of the restrictor valve or in the relatively independent airbags connected to it to collect motion indications and air cushion force data. The microcomputer performs logical operations according to the preset program to control the electric and solenoid valves. Precise control to provide better cushioning and support. Wireless communication can be established on smart terminals such as air-cushion shoes and mobile phones to facilitate the visualization of motion parameters and the adjustment of cushioning/support characteristics. It can also perform neural network deep learning on various parameters and big data gathered from user evaluations to continuously improve the control logic , To develop in the direction of smarter words. Or integrate a miniature electric compressor into the air-cushioned shoes, and automatically flush and deflate according to exercise needs.

本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention

以将气垫分为足跟区域相对独立气囊（以下简称足跟气囊）、前脚掌区域相对独立气囊（以下简称前掌气囊），两区域相对独立气囊之间由限流阀连通为例，说明本专利技术功能的实现。The air cushion is divided into relatively independent airbags in the heel area (hereinafter referred to as heel airbags), relatively independent airbags in the forefoot area (hereinafter referred to as forefoot airbags), and the two regions are connected by a restrictor valve as an example. Realization of patented technical functions.

运动鞋不受外力作用时（如处于接地前腾空状态），气垫各相对独立气囊气压相等，可称为平衡态。When the sports shoes are not affected by external force (such as in a state of vacating before grounding), the air pressure of each of the air cushions is equal to the independent airbags, which can be called a balanced state.

在跑动中，如足跟先于前脚掌接地，此时前掌气囊仍悬空不受外力，足跟气囊内气体受人体重量冲击作用的压缩，气体在压差作用下经由限流阀阻滞下流向前掌气囊，足跟气囊在弹性变形之外溃缩变形，为踝关节、膝关节提供更多缓冲。During running, if the heel is grounded before the forefoot, the forefoot airbag is still suspended without external force. The air in the heel airbag is compressed by the impact of the body weight, and the gas is blocked by the restrictor valve under the action of the pressure difference. Downstream of the front palm airbag, the heel airbag collapses and deforms in addition to the elastic deformation, providing more cushioning for the ankle and knee joints.

脚掌全部接地时，前掌气囊内气体的数量较平衡态时更多，随即前脚掌发力跃起，前掌气囊受力压缩，囊内气体受限流阀阻滞不会短时间过多流往足跟气囊，避免气体流动过快导致气囊溃缩卸力，为跃起提供足够支撑。相当于用后掌更好缓冲性能为前掌提供更好回弹。When the soles of the feet are fully grounded, the amount of gas in the forefoot airbag is more than that in the equilibrium state, and then the forefoot airbags are forced to jump up, and the forefoot airbags are forced to compress, and the air in the bag is blocked by the restricted flow valve for a short time. Go to the heel airbag to avoid the airbag's collapse and unloading force caused by the gas flowing too fast, and to provide sufficient support for the jump. It is equivalent to using the back palm to provide better cushioning performance for the forefoot to provide better rebound.

当鞋子离开地面后，气囊不受外力，压差减小，限流阀过流能力达到最大，滞留前掌气囊的气体向足跟气囊回流，于运动鞋重新接地前恢复到平衡态，为下一接地做好准备。When the shoe leaves the ground, the airbag is not subjected to external force, the pressure difference is reduced, and the flow capacity of the restrictor valve reaches the maximum. The gas trapped in the forefoot airbag flows back to the heel airbag and returns to the equilibrium state before the sports shoes are grounded again. Be prepared for grounding.

如进行前掌先着地的跑、跳活动，则应进一步调整限流阀，限制前掌气囊内空气过多流向足跟。If running and jumping activities with the forefoot landing first, the restrictor valve should be further adjusted to limit the excessive flow of air in the forefoot airbag to the heel.

工业实用性Industrial applicability

瓣膜式，浮动阀式，滚珠式，挤压软管式等简易限流阀成本低，限流效果可调性强，适应性广，适合工业化大规模生产，可装备在普通运动鞋上。微电脑智能精准测控电动、电磁阀可用于高端运动鞋，可用电池或鞋底安装发电装置进行供电。Valve type, floating valve type, ball type, squeeze hose type and other simple flow limiting valves have low cost, strong flow limiting effect and wide adaptability. They are suitable for industrialized mass production and can be equipped on ordinary sports shoes. Microcomputer intelligent and precise measurement and control of electric and solenoid valves can be used in high-end sports shoes, and can be powered by batteries or a power generation device installed on the sole of the shoe.

Claims

一种鞋，设有气垫，气垫上可设置有充气嘴、抗拉肋和支撑条柱，其特征在于，所述气垫包含相对独立气囊和限流装置；相对独立气囊之间由限流装置进行连通。A shoe is provided with an air cushion. The air cushion can be provided with an inflator, a tensile rib and a support bar. The air cushion is characterized in that the air cushion includes a relatively independent air bag and a flow limiting device; Connected.
根据权利要求1所述的气垫鞋，其特征在于，连接气垫不同区域相对独立气囊的限流装置是限流阀；限流阀由带过流腔体的阀壳与活动机构组成，通过改变过流断面大小或过流路径长短或过流摩阻力的方式，改变过流能力；限流阀根据压差变化自动开闭，在压差大时限流，过流能力小，压差小时不限流，过流能力大；不同类型限流阀具有不同限流特性，限流特性的调节方式不同，限流特性可调范围不同。The air-cushion shoe according to claim 1, wherein the flow-limiting device that connects different areas of the air-cushion to independent airbags is a flow-limiting valve; The flow section size or the flow path length or the flow friction resistance method can change the flow capacity; the flow limiting valve automatically opens and closes according to the change of the pressure difference, and the flow is limited when the pressure difference is large, the flow capacity is small, and the flow is not limited when the pressure difference is small. , The flow capacity is large; different types of flow limiting valves have different current limiting characteristics, the adjustment methods of the current limiting characteristics are different, and the adjustable ranges of the current limiting characteristics are different.
根据权利要求1所述的气垫鞋，其特征在于，气垫包含有至少两个相对独立气囊，相对独立气囊与自身以外至少一个相对独立气囊相连通，连通可使用单个限流阀，也可多个不同类型限流阀组合使用。The air cushion shoe according to claim 1, wherein the air cushion comprises at least two relatively independent airbags, the relatively independent airbags are connected to at least one relatively independent airbag outside of itself, and the communication can use a single restrictor valve or multiple Different types of restrictor valves are used in combination.
根据权利要求1所述的气垫鞋，其特征在于，气垫鞋受不均匀冲击力时，由限流阀连通的相对独立气囊间存在压差；不受外力时，由限流阀连通的相对独立气囊间压差为零，此时可采用一个充气嘴统一充气。The air-cushion shoe according to claim 1, wherein when the air-cushion shoe is subjected to uneven impact force, there is a pressure difference between the relatively independent airbags connected by the restrictor valve; when no external force is applied, the relatively independent airbags connected by the restrictor valve exist. The pressure difference between the airbags is zero, and at this time, an inflating nozzle can be used to inflate uniformly.
根据权利要求1所述的气垫鞋，其特征在于，气垫鞋具有通过调整限流阀限流特性和/或充气气压以获得不同缓震特性的功能。The air-cushion shoe according to claim 1, wherein the air-cushion shoe has the function of adjusting the flow restriction characteristic of the restrictor valve and/or the inflation air pressure to obtain different cushioning characteristics.
根据权利要求1所述的气垫鞋，其特征在于，支撑条柱仅在位于前脚掌的相对独立气囊内设置，抗拉肋仅在位于足跟的相对独立气囊内设置。The air-cushioned shoe according to claim 1, wherein the support bar is only provided in a relatively independent airbag located on the forefoot, and the tensile ribs are only provided in a relatively independent airbag located on the heel.