WO2021147824A1 - 一种显示***和便携式3d显示智能眼镜 - Google Patents

一种显示***和便携式3d显示智能眼镜 Download PDF

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WO2021147824A1
WO2021147824A1 PCT/CN2021/072532 CN2021072532W WO2021147824A1 WO 2021147824 A1 WO2021147824 A1 WO 2021147824A1 CN 2021072532 W CN2021072532 W CN 2021072532W WO 2021147824 A1 WO2021147824 A1 WO 2021147824A1
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Prior art keywords
grating
liquid crystal
frame
image source
light
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PCT/CN2021/072532
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张梦华
葛平兰
冯振军
徐忠法
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奥提赞光晶(山东)显示科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021147824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147824A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0176—Head mounted characterised by mechanical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a display system and portable 3D display smart glasses.
  • Smart glasses refer to glasses devices that have an independent operating system and can install various programs such as software and games, just like smart phones. It can superimpose virtual information on a real scene, that is, mixed reality technology. It is the culmination of the rapid development of computer software and hardware technology, sensor technology, robotics, artificial intelligence, and behavioral psychology. It can be widely used in the fields of medicine, entertainment and art, military and aerospace, management engineering, interior design, industrial simulation, games, education, etc.
  • the left and right eyes respectively project the information of the two image sources.
  • the two image sources respectively display the images with parallax between the left and right eyes, so as to achieve the purpose of 3D display; 2.
  • the polarization splitting method the image source taken by the two cameras is played through the two image sources, and the user needs to be in front of the eyes when using it.
  • the principle is also to send the information of the left and right eyes to the corresponding eyes separately
  • the holographic type uses the interference of light waves to record the amplitude and phase of the object light.
  • the reference light uses the reference light to irradiate the interference image to produce a 3D image, which is the true complete information of the object, so it can be viewed with the naked eye .
  • Method one requires two image sources to display the same image. If the two images do not enter the human's left and right eyes at the same time, it will have catastrophic consequences. In addition, the preparation of image sources with parallax is also very serious. Complicated; method two is generally used in theaters and cannot be used on smart glasses; method three is generally used on terminals such as TVs or mobile phones and tablets, and cannot be applied to smart glasses. In addition, using this technology will make the definition of the image source very clear. Poor; Method 4 cannot display dynamic images, and the current hologram refresh frequency and storage space are very limited. Generally, the displayed hologram is static. The mainstream binocular projection smart glasses use two sets of glasses on the temples.
  • the information of the image source enters the display module of the glasses, and then enters the human eye through the display module.
  • the current AR glasses on the market need to be equipped with a pair of vision correction glasses. For users of different powers, a variety of different corrective lenses are required.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display system and portable 3D display smart glasses to solve the problem that the current AR devices are too bulky, heavy, and unable to be folded and stored, with high operability, simple device structure, and Mass production, low cost.
  • a display system including an optical waveguide substrate and an image source, the optical waveguide substrate is provided with an input grating, a folding grating, and an output grating;
  • the input grating is located at the light input end of the folding grating, and the output grating is located at the light output end of the folding grating;
  • the light of the image source is diffracted by the input grating into the optical waveguide base, propagates in the optical waveguide base to the folded grating at an angle greater than the total reflection angle, and outputs a visible image through the output grating.
  • the input grating includes a superimposed upper electric control grating and a lower electric control grating, and the upper electric control grating and the lower electric control grating are both transparent holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal gratings after being energized;
  • the optical waveguide substrate is provided with a folded grating and an output grating on the left and right sides of the input grating, the light diffraction direction of the upper electrically controlled grating is to the right, and the light diffraction direction of the lower electrically controlled grating is to the left.
  • the holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating is an electrically controllable polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating, which is a transparent flat plate when power is applied, and a grating when power is not applied.
  • the number of layers of the upper electric control grating and the lower electric control grating are both n layers, and n ⁇ 1.
  • an electronically controlled zoom device electrically matched with the output grating is provided on the optical waveguide substrate.
  • the electronically controlled zoom device is an electronically controlled liquid crystal lens, which includes two glass substrates, and the two glass substrates are encapsulated by a sealing member to form a liquid crystal cell, and a polymer liquid crystal material is encapsulated in the liquid crystal cell.
  • the liquid crystal material includes a liquid crystal with birefringence and a polymer with the same refractive index as the ordinary light of the liquid crystal.
  • One surface of the glass substrate is an electrode surface, and the corresponding electrode surface is the inner surface of the glass substrate.
  • the inner surface is provided with a transparent conductive surface.
  • the transparent conductive film is etched with a Fresnel zone pattern.
  • the focal length of the polymer liquid crystal material can be continuously changed by controlling the voltage applied to the electrode surface, so that the light can pass through the polymer liquid crystal material according to the Fresnel zone pattern. Wave bands converge or diverge;
  • the electronically controlled zoom device is an electronically controlled liquid lens, including a frame, the frame is connected to the frame, the top end of the frame is provided with an elastic film, the bottom end of the frame is provided with a resin sheet, and the frame is filled with Liquid, a liquid storage tank is arranged in the lens frame, the liquid storage tank is in communication with the frame, and a moving mechanism is arranged in the liquid storage tank.
  • the image source is any one of LCOS image source, OLED image source, microLED image source, LCD image source, SLM, and DMD image source.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: in the process of light propagating to the folded grating, multiple diffractions occur in the folded grating area, and each diffraction will produce a light propagating in the direction of the output grating, and the light propagates to the output.
  • the output light on the grating because there are multiple top-down light rays, the output on the output grating is a two-dimensional array, that is, two-dimensional expansion of the entrance pupil light, which expands the visible area.
  • a portable 3D display smart glasses including a frame,
  • the spectacle frame includes a spectacle frame and a spectacle leg, and the spectacle leg is connected to the spectacle frame by a hinge device;
  • the spectacle frame includes a nose pad and a spectacle ring for installing any one of the above-mentioned display systems, and the image source is located on the nose pad.
  • the support frame includes a nose pad and a lens ring for installing the optical waveguide substrate
  • An image source and a relay system are arranged on the nose pad, and the relay system collimates the light from the image source and irradiates the input grating.
  • the temple includes an external frame and an internal circuit, a speaker and an audio interface are arranged on the external frame; the hinge device is a hollow structure, and the wires of the relay system and the 3D display system are connected to the temple through the hinge device.
  • the internal circuit is connected.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the image source is transferred from the temple to the nose pad, and the two image sources for the left and right eyes are reduced to one at the same time, and the binocular image acquisition is the input that works alternately on the optical waveguide substrate.
  • the grating is realized with the image source that refreshes the left and right eye images with high frequency, which can effectively reduce the weight of the device.
  • there is no optical system in the temple so it has the characteristics of foldability. Therefore, when not in use, it can be folded to effectively reduce the space occupation of the device.
  • the vision correction module after outputting the grating can correct the left and right eyes of users with different vision defects, and no other accessories are needed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of light propagation in portable 3D display smart glasses
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display system
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic control state of the input grating when the display system is displaying
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of the electronic control state of the input grating when the display system is displaying
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable 3D display smart glasses
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nose pad
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrically controlled liquid crystal lens
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrically controlled liquid lens.
  • Optical waveguide substrate 201, input grating; 202, upper electrically controlled grating; 203, lower electrically controlled grating; 211, folded grating; 221, output grating;
  • LED chip 310.
  • 320 polarization beam splitting prism
  • 330 relay system
  • 340 image source
  • a display system includes an optical waveguide substrate 200.
  • the optical waveguide substrate 200 is provided with an input grating 201, a folding grating 211, and an output grating 221.
  • the optical waveguide substrate 200 is composed of an optically transparent medium (such as quartz glass) for transmitting light Frequency electromagnetic wave guide structure, the input grating 201 is preferably coupled to the input grating, the output grating 221 is preferably the output grating; the input grating 201 is located at the light input end of the folded grating 211, and the output grating 221 is located at the folded grating 211 light output terminal;
  • the input grating 201 includes a superimposed upper electrical control grating 202 and a lower electrical control grating 203, and the upper electrical control grating 202 and the lower electrical control grating 203 are both transparent holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal gratings after being energized.
  • the number of layers of the upper electrically controlled grating 202 and the lower electrically controlled grating 203 are both n layers, n ⁇ 1,
  • the holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating is an electrically controllable polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating , It is a transparent flat plate when power is applied, and a grating when power is not applied; the light diffraction direction of the upper electric control grating 202 is to the right, the light diffraction direction of the lower electric control grating 203 is to the left, and the optical waveguide substrate is in
  • the left and right sides of the input grating are provided with a folded grating and an output grating.
  • the two gratings are in an alternately energized state.
  • the light of the image source 340 is diffracted by the input grating 201 to the optical waveguide substrate 200, which is greater than total reflection in the optical waveguide substrate 200
  • the angle of the angle propagates to the folded grating 211, and the visible image is output through the output grating 221.
  • the transmission of light in the optical waveguide substrate 200 at an angle greater than total reflection is achieved through the grating.
  • the grating has diffraction characteristics, and the diffraction angle is larger than that of the waveguide substrate. The total reflection angle is sufficient.
  • the image source 340 is any one of LCOS image source, OLED image source, microLED image source, LCD image source, SLM image source, and DMD image source; when in use, the electrically controlled grating is alternately powered on
  • the frequency is not less than 120HZ, and the image source 340 outputs the left and right eye images at a frequency above 120HZ, which can ensure that the image seen by the eyes is above 60HZ, and the left and right eye images are synthesized by the human eyes into a 3D image in the brain.
  • the optical waveguide substrate 200 is also provided with an electronically controlled zoom device 400 that is matched with the output grating 221, and the zoom module is located between the human eye and the output grating.
  • the cooperation here means that the output grating can be covered.
  • the zoom module can be close to the output grating or have an air gap of a few millimeters away.
  • the electronically controlled zoom device 400 may be an electronically controlled liquid crystal lens or an electronically controlled liquid lens.
  • the electronically controlled zoom device 400 when it is an electronically controlled liquid crystal lens, it includes two glass substrates 411, and the two glass substrates 411 pass through a sealing member.
  • the liquid crystal cell is packaged to form a liquid crystal cell.
  • the liquid crystal cell is encapsulated with a polymer liquid crystal material 430.
  • One surface of the glass substrate 411 is an electrode surface.
  • the glass substrate 411 has the corresponding electrode surface as the inner surface, and the inner surface is provided with a transparent conductive film. 421.
  • the transparent conductive film 421 is etched with a specific pattern, such as a circular hole or a Fresnel zone pattern, and the focal length of the polymer liquid crystal material 430 is continuously changed by controlling the voltage applied to the electrode surface, so that light can pass through When passing through the polymer liquid crystal material 430, it converges or diverges according to the Fresnel zone.
  • the polymer liquid crystal material 430 includes liquid crystal with birefringence and The polymer having the same refractive index as the ordinary light or extraordinary light of the liquid crystal, in parts by weight, the polymer liquid crystal material includes 35-45 parts of liquid crystal, 35-45 parts of polymer, 8-12 parts of initiator and surface
  • the activator is 8-12 parts, and the polymer can be selected from the polymer library according to the requirements of the refractive index. If the thickness of the liquid crystal cell is 5-15 ⁇ m, even if the refractive index of the polymer and the liquid crystal do not match, the transparency will be relatively high.
  • the refractive index of the polymer is the same as the ordinary or extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal cell is equivalent to a glass plate when it is not zoomed (no power is applied); the polymer of this embodiment is preferably the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal cell is in a transparent state when not working, and energy consumption is reduced.
  • the electronically controlled zoom device 400 is an electronically controlled liquid lens, it includes a frame 440, a filling fluid 450, an elastic film 460, a moving mechanism 470, a resin sheet 480, and a reservoir 490.
  • the frame 440 is connected to the lens frame 1, and the frame 440 is injected There is a filling fluid 450, a reservoir 490 is provided in the lens frame 1, a moving mechanism 470 is provided in the reservoir 490, the reservoir 490 is in communication with the frame 440, and the top end of the frame 440 is provided with an elastic film 460 , The bottom end of the frame 440 is provided with a resin sheet 480, the movement of the moving mechanism 470 can be realized by an electronic control motor, and the volume of the liquid in the reservoir 490 is controlled by controlling the moving mechanism 470, thereby controlling the curvature of the elastic film 460
  • the electronically controlled zoom module is for diopter correction and is suitable for near-sighted and hyperopic users. A single system can meet the needs of all users and avoid preparing a variety of different corrective lenses.
  • the input grating 201 is energized, and the light 001 of the LCOS image source is diffracted by the input grating 201 to the optical waveguide substrate 200, and in the optical waveguide substrate 200 at an angle greater than total reflection
  • the angle propagates toward the folded grating 211.
  • the image output by the image source 340 is a left-eye image
  • only the upper electrically controlled grating 202 is energized, and the light 001 is diffracted by the grating into the optical waveguide substrate 200, and in the optical waveguide
  • the base 200 propagates to the left at an angle greater than the total reflection angle, that is, the ray 011.
  • the light 011 When the ray 011 is propagating to the left, multiple diffraction occurs in the folded grating 211 area, and each diffraction will produce a downwardly propagating light. In this way, the light 011 is deflected by the folded grating 211, and the direction is downward to form a light 012.
  • the light 012 travels downward in the waveguide at an angle greater than the total reflection angle.
  • the output grating 221 a visible image is output.
  • the output grating 221 there are multiple light beams from top to bottom, so what is output on the output grating 221 is a two-dimensional array, that is, the entrance pupil is expanded in two dimensions to expand the visible area; similarly, only the lower electronically controlled grating 203 is added. Electrically, the light 001 is diffracted by the grating into the optical waveguide base 200, and propagates to the right in the optical waveguide base 200 at an angle greater than the total reflection angle.
  • the display system of this embodiment When the display system of this embodiment is applied to 3D display smart glasses, it includes a spectacle frame, the spectacle frame includes a spectacle frame 1 and a spectacle leg 2, and the spectacle leg 2 is connected to the spectacle frame 1 through a hinge device 4 (such as a hinge); the spectacle frame 1 includes a nose pad 3 and a lens ring for installing any one of the above-mentioned display systems; the image source 340 is located on the nose pad 3, the image source 340 in this embodiment uses a camera, and the camera can augment reality glasses in a real scene On the basis of superimposing digital information, first obtain the real scene, such as using smart glasses for face recognition and vehicle number plate recognition. First, the external image must be collected in real time through the camera, and then the image feature recognition (this is the existing technology, no longer Repeat).
  • a hinge device 4 such as a hinge
  • the spectacle frame 1 includes a nose pad 3 and a lens ring for installing any one of the above-mentioned display systems
  • the image source 340 is located on the nose
  • the nose pad 3 is also provided with a relay system 330.
  • the relay system 330 collimates the light from the image source 340 and irradiates it on the input grating 201.
  • the LCOS image source includes a polarization beam splitter 320 and an LED. Chip 310, the light emitted by the LED chip 310 is irradiated on the LCOS chip through the polarization beam splitter 320, and the light returned by the LCOS chip with image information is collimated into parallel light 001 by the relay system 330.
  • the temple 2 includes an external frame and an internal circuit.
  • a speaker and an audio interface are arranged on the external frame.
  • the hinge device 4 is a hollow structure.
  • the wires of the relay system 330 and the 3D display system are connected to the temple 2 through the hinge device 4 Because the device transfers the image source 340 from the temple 2 part to the nose bridge and nose pad 3, and reduces the left and right eye image sources 340 into one, the chip and the relay system 330 are reduced, which can effectively reduce The weight of the device, and because there is no optical system in the temple 2, it has the feature of being foldable. Therefore, it can be folded when not in use, which effectively reduces the space occupation of the device and is convenient to carry.
  • the optical waveguide substrate 200 When in use, the optical waveguide substrate 200 is provided with a folded grating 211 and an output grating 221 on the left and right sides of the input grating 201.
  • the output gratings 221 on both sides correspond to the left and right pupils of the eye, and the output grating 221 is located under the folded grating 211
  • In the process of light propagating to the folded grating 211 multiple diffraction occurs in the folded grating 211 area. Each diffraction will produce a light 012 propagating in the direction of the output grating 221.
  • the light 012 propagates to the output grating 221 and the output light 013.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种显示***和便携式3D显示智能眼镜，显示***包括光波导基体（200）和图像源（340），光波导基体（200）上设有输入光栅（201）、折叠光栅（211）、输出光栅（221）；输入光栅（201）位于折叠光栅（211）的光线输入端，输出光栅（221）位于折叠光栅（211）的光线输出端；图像源（340）的光线由输入光栅（201）衍射至光波导基体（200）中，在光波导基体（200）中以大于全反射角的角度向折叠光栅（211）传播，并经输出光栅（221）输出可视图像，以解决目前AR设备体积过于庞大、笨重、无法折叠收纳的问题，可操作性高，设备结构简单，可以大批量生产，成本低廉。

Description

一种显示***和便携式3D显示智能眼镜 技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示***和便携式3D显示智能眼镜。
背景技术
智能眼镜指的是像智能手机一样，具有独立的操作***，可以安装软件、游戏等各种程序的眼镜设备。其可以将虚拟的信息叠加在现实的场景上，即混合现实技术。它是计算机软硬件技术、传感技术、机器人技术、人工智能及行为心理学等科学领域飞速发展的结晶。可以广泛应用到医学领域、娱乐和艺术领域、军事和航天领域、管理工程领域、室内设计领域、工业仿真领域、游戏领域、教育领域等。
由于其独有的技术优越性，目前很多厂商都在开发此类智能眼镜，图像源投射的影像一般为2D的；实现3D显示有如下几个手段：一、左右眼分别投影两个图像源信息，两个图像源分别显示左右眼具有视差的图像，从而达到3D显示的目的；二、采用偏振分光法，通过两个图像源播放两个摄像机拍下的图像源，用户使用时，需要在眼前添加两个偏振轴垂直的偏振片，使得左右眼对应的信息进入相应的眼睛，从而达到3D显示的效果；三、采用光栅式，原理同样是将左右眼的信息分别投送到对应的眼睛中；四、全息式，利用光波的干涉，记录物光的振幅与相位，在观看时，使用参考光照射在干涉图像上即可出现3D图像，该图像为物体的真全部信息，因此可以裸眼观看。
以上技术有其一定的局限性：方法一需要两个图像源显示同一个图像，如果两个图像不是同时进入人的左右眼，将会产生灾难性的后果，另外具有视差的图像源制备也非常复杂；方法二一般在影院使用，无法使用在智能眼镜上；方法三一般使用在电视上或者手机平板等终端，无法应用在智能眼镜上，另外使用该技术会使得图像源的清晰度变得很差；方法四无法放映动态图像，且目前全息图的刷新频率以及储存空间都非常有限，一般展示的全息图为静态的，主流的双目投影的智能眼镜采用 的是在镜腿上分别安装两个图像源，图像源的信息经过中继***准直后，进入眼镜的显示模块，再经过显示模块进入人眼，这样就导致智能眼镜的镜腿无法像普通眼镜那样进行折叠，体积比较大。另外，目前市面上的AR眼镜都需要另外配一副视力矫正眼镜，对不同度数的用户，需要配备多种不同的矫正镜片。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种显示***和便携式3D显示智能眼镜，以解决目前AR设备体积过于庞大、笨重、无法折叠收纳的问题，可操作性高，设备结构简单，可以大批量生产，成本低廉。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种显示***，包括光波导基体和图像源，所述光波导基体上设有输入光栅、折叠光栅、输出光栅；
所述输入光栅位于折叠光栅的光线输入端，所述输出光栅位于折叠光栅的光线输出端；
所述图像源的光线由输入光栅衍射至光波导基体中，在光波导基体中以大于全反射角的角度向折叠光栅传播，并经输出光栅输出可视图像。
进一步的，所述输入光栅包括叠加的上电控光栅、下电控光栅，所述上电控光栅、下电控光栅均为通电后透明的全息聚合物分散液晶光栅；
所述光波导基体在输入光栅的左右两侧均设有折叠光栅和输出光栅，所述上电控光栅的光线衍射方向向右，所述下电控光栅的光线衍射方向向左。
进一步的，所述全息聚合物分散液晶光栅为可电控的聚合物分散液晶光栅，加电时为透明的平板，不加电时为光栅。
进一步的，所述上电控光栅、下电控光栅的层数均为n层，n≥1。
进一步的，所述光波导基体上设有与输出光栅电相配合的电控变焦装置。
进一步的，所述的电控变焦装置为电控液晶透镜，包括两片玻璃基底，两片玻璃基底通过密封件封装形成液晶盒，所述液晶盒内封装 有聚合物液晶材料，所述聚合物液晶材料包括具有双折射率的液晶以及与液晶寻常光折射率相同的聚合物，玻璃基板其中一个面为电极面，玻璃基板分别以相应的电极面为内表面，所述内表面设有透明导电膜，透明导电膜上刻蚀有菲涅尔波带图案，通过控制所述电极面被施加电压的大小连续改变聚合物液晶材料的焦距，能够使光线穿过聚合物液晶材料时按照菲涅尔波带进行汇聚或者发散；
或者
所述的电控变焦装置为电控液体透镜，包括边框，所述边框与镜框连接，所述边框的顶端设有弹性薄膜，所述边框的底端设有树脂片，所述边框内有填充液，所述镜框内设置蓄液仓，所述蓄液仓与边框连通，且所述蓄液仓内设置移动机构。
进一步的，所述图像源为LCOS像源、OLED像源、microLED像源、LCD像源、SLM、DMD像源中的任一种。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：光线在向折叠光栅传播过程中，在折叠光栅区域发生多次衍射，每次衍射都会产生一个向输出光栅方向传播的光线，光线传播到输出光栅上输出光线，由于有多束由上而下的光线，因此在输出光栅上输出的是一个二维阵列，即对入瞳光线进行二维拓展，扩大了可视区域。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种便携式3D显示智能眼镜，包括镜架，
所述镜架包括镜框和镜腿，所述镜腿通过铰接装置与镜框连接；
所述镜框包括鼻托和用于安装上述任意一项所述显示***的镜圈，所述图像源位于鼻托上。
进一步的，所述支撑架包括鼻托和用于安装光波导基体的镜圈；
所述鼻托上设有图像源和中继***，所述中继***将图像源的光线准直后照射在输入光栅上。
进一步的，所述镜腿包括外部框架和内部电路，所述外部框架上设置扬声器、音频接口；铰接装置为中空结构，所述中继***、3D显示***的导线通过铰接装置与镜腿中的内部电路相连。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：将图像源由镜腿转 移至鼻托，同时将左右眼两个图像源缩减为一个，双眼图像获取是通过光波导基体上交替工作的输入光栅配合高频刷新左右眼图像的图像源实现，可以有效降低设备重量，同时镜腿中无光学***，因此具备可折叠的特性，因此在不使用时，进行折叠，有效减少设备的空间占用，方便携带，输出光栅后的视力矫正模块可以针对不同视力缺陷用户的左右眼进行矫正，不需要其他配件。
附图说明
图1为便携式3D显示智能眼镜的光线传播示意图；
图2为显示***的结构示意图；
图3为显示***显示时输入光栅电控状态图；
图4为显示***显示时输入光栅电控状态图；
图5为便携式3D显示智能眼镜的结构示意图；
图6为鼻托的结构示意图；
图7为电控液晶透镜的结构示意图；
图8为电控液体透镜的结构示意图。
图中：1、镜框；2、镜腿；3、鼻托；4、铰接装置；001、平行光；011-013光线；
200、光波导基体；201、输入光栅；202、上电控光栅；203、下电控光栅；211、折叠光栅；221、输出光栅；
310、LED芯片；320、偏振分光棱镜；330、中继***；340、图像源；
400、电控变焦装置；411、玻璃基底；421、透明导电膜；430、聚合物液晶材料；440、边框；450、填充液；460、弹性薄膜；470、移动机构；480、树脂片；490、蓄液仓。
具体实施方式
为了更好的了解本发明的技术方案，下面结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1：
一种显示***，包括光波导基体200，所述光波导基体200上设有输入光栅201、折叠光栅211、输出光栅221，光波导基体200是由 光透明介质(如石英玻璃)构成的传输光频电磁波的导行结构，所述输入光栅201优选耦合输入光栅，所述输出光栅221优选为耦合输出光栅；所述输入光栅201位于折叠光栅211的光线输入端，所述输出光栅221位于折叠光栅211的光线输出端；
作为可选方案，所述输入光栅201包括叠加的上电控光栅202、下电控光栅203，所述上电控光栅202、下电控光栅203均为通电后透明的全息聚合物分散液晶光栅，上电控光栅202、下电控光栅203的层数均为n层，n≥1，所述全息聚合物分散液晶光栅所述全息聚合物分散液晶光栅为可电控的聚合物分散液晶光栅，加电时为透明的平板，不加电时为光栅；所述上电控光栅202的光线衍射方向向右，所述下电控光栅203的光线衍射方向向左，所述光波导基体在输入光栅的左右两侧均设有折叠光栅和输出光栅，两片光栅处于交替加电状态，图像源340的光线由输入光栅201衍射至光波导基体200，在光波导基体200中以大于全反射角的角度向折叠光栅211传播，并经输出光栅221输出可视图像，光线在光波导基体200中以大于全反射角传输是通过光栅来实现的，光栅具有衍射特性，衍射角大于波导基体的全反射角即可，所述图像源340为LCOS像源、OLED像源、microLED像源、LCD像源、SLM像源、DMD像源中的任一种；使用时，电控光栅交替加电频率不小于120HZ，图像源340以120HZ以上的频率输出左右眼图像，这样可以保证眼睛看到的图像是60HZ以上，左右眼图像经过人眼在脑中合成3D图像。
进一步作为优选方案，所述光波导基体200上还设有与输出光栅221相配合的电控变焦装置400，变焦模块处于人眼和输出光栅之间，此处相配合是指能覆盖住输出光栅，变焦模块可以与输出光栅贴紧或者相距几毫米的空气间隙。
所述的电控变焦装置400可以是电控液晶透镜或电控液体透镜，具体的，电控变焦装置400为电控液晶透镜时，包括两片玻璃基底411，两片玻璃基底411通过密封件封装形成液晶盒，所述液晶盒内封装有聚合物液晶材料430，玻璃基底411其中一个面为电极面，玻璃基底411分别以相应的电极面为内表面，所述内表面设有透明导电膜421， 透明导电膜421上刻蚀有特定的图案，如圆孔或菲涅尔波带图案，通过控制所述电极面被施加电压的大小连续改变聚合物液晶材料430的焦距，能够使光线穿过聚合物液晶材料430时按照菲涅尔波带进行汇聚或者发散，施加不同电压时，液晶分子转动的幅度不同，具有不同的焦距；所述聚合物液晶材料430包括具有双折射率的液晶以及与液晶寻常光折射率或非寻常光折射率相同的聚合物，按重量份计，所述聚合物液晶材料包括液晶35～45份、聚合物35～45份、引发剂8～12份以及表面活化剂8～12份，聚合物可以根据折射率要求从聚合物库中选取。若液晶盒的厚度若在5-15μm时，即使聚合物与液晶的折射率不匹配其透明度也会比较高，因此聚合物的折射率与液晶的寻常光折射率或非寻常光折射率相同均可，液晶盒在不变焦(不加电)时相当于玻璃平板；本实施例聚合物优选与液晶的寻常光折射率相同，使得液晶盒在不工作时处于通透状态，减少能耗。电控变焦装置400为电控液体透镜时，包括边框440、填充液450、弹性薄膜460、移动机构470、树脂片480、蓄液仓490，所述边框440与镜框1连接，边框440内注射有填充液450，所述镜框1内设置蓄液仓490，所述蓄液仓490内设置移动机构470，所述蓄液仓490与边框440连通，所述边框440的顶端设有弹性薄膜460，所述边框440的底端设有树脂片480，移动机构470的移动可以通过电控马达实现，通过控制移动机构470来控制蓄液仓490中液体的体积，从而来控制弹性薄膜460的曲率，从而来控制焦距，电控变焦模块是为了进行屈光度矫正，适合近视、远视用户佩戴，一套***即可满足所有用户需求，避免准备多种不同矫正镜片。
如图1-3所示，取LCOS像源为例，输入光栅201加电，LCOS像源的光线001被输入光栅201衍射至光波导基体200，并在光波导基体200中以大于全反射角的角度向折叠光栅211传播，具体的，当图像源340输出的图像为左眼图像时，只对上电控光栅202加电，光线001被光栅衍射至光波导基体200中，并在光波导基体200中以大于全反射角的角度进行向左传播，即光线011，光线011在向左传播过程中，在折叠光栅211区域发生多次衍射，每次衍射都会产生一个向 下传播的光线，如此，光线011经过折叠光栅211偏转，方向向下形成光线012，光线012以大于全反射角的角度在波导中向下传播，光线012传播到输出光栅221上时输出可视图像，由于光线传播过程中有多束由上而下的光线，因此在输出光栅221上输出的是一个二维阵列，即对入瞳进行二维拓展，扩大可视区域；同样，只对下电控光栅203加电，光线001被光栅衍射至光波导基体200中，并在光波导基体200中以大于全反射角的角度进行向右传播。
本实施例显示***应用于3D显示智能眼镜时，包括镜架，所述镜架包括镜框1和镜腿2，所述镜腿2通过铰接装置4(如铰链)与镜框1连接；所述镜框1包括鼻托3和用于安装上述任意一项所述显示***的镜圈；所述图像源340位于鼻托上3上，本实施图像源340选用摄像头，摄像头能够增强现实眼镜是在现实场景的基础上叠加数字信息，首先获取真实场景，譬如使用智能眼镜进行人脸识别、车辆号牌识别，首先要通过摄像头实时采集外部图像，再对图像进行特征识别(此为现有技术，不再赘述)。所述鼻托3上还设有中继***330，所述中继***330将图像源340的光线准直后照射在输入光栅201上，本实施例中LCOS像源包括偏振分光棱镜320和LED芯片310，LED芯片310发出的光线经过偏振分光棱镜320照射在LCOS芯片上，LCOS芯片返回带有图像信息的光线经过中继***330准直为平行光001。
所述镜腿2包括外部框架和内部电路，所述外部框架上设置扬声器、音频接口，铰接装置4为中空结构，所述中继***330、3D显示***的导线通过铰接装置4与镜腿2中的内部电路相连，由于设备将图像源340由镜腿2部分转移至鼻梁鼻托3部分，同时将左右眼两个图像源340缩减为一个，减少了芯片以及中继***330，可以有效降低设备重量，同时由于镜腿2中无光学***，因此具备可折叠的特性，因此在不使用时，进行折叠，有效减少设备的空间占用，方便携带。
使用时，光波导基体200在输入光栅201的左侧和右侧均设有折叠光栅211和输出光栅221，两侧的输出光栅221分别对应眼睛的左右瞳孔，输出光栅221位于折叠光栅211的下方，光线在向折叠光栅211传播过程中，在折叠光栅211区域发生多次衍射，每次衍射都会 产生一个向输出光栅221方向传播的光线012，光线012传播到输出光栅221上输出光线013，由于有多束由上而下的光线，因此在输出光栅221上输出的是一个二维阵列，即对入瞳进行二维拓展，扩大了可视区域。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种显示***，其特征在于，包括
    光波导基体和图像源，所述光波导基体上设有输入光栅、折叠光栅、输出光栅；
    所述输入光栅位于折叠光栅的光线输入端，所述输出光栅位于折叠光栅的光线输出端；
    所述图像源的光线由输入光栅衍射至光波导基体中，在光波导基体中以大于全反射角的角度向折叠光栅传播，并经输出光栅输出可视图像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述输入光栅包括叠加的上电控光栅、下电控光栅，所述上电控光栅、下电控光栅均为通电后透明的全息聚合物分散液晶光栅；
    所述光波导基体在输入光栅的左右两侧均设有折叠光栅和输出光栅，所述上电控光栅的光线衍射方向向右，所述下电控光栅的光线衍射方向向左。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述全息聚合物分散液晶光栅为可电控的聚合物分散液晶光栅，加电时为透明的平板，不加电时为光栅。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述上电控光栅、下电控光栅的层数均为n层，n≥1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述光波导基体上设有与输出光栅电相配合的电控变焦装置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述的电控变焦装置为电控液晶透镜，包括两片玻璃基底，两片玻璃基底通过密封件封装形成液晶盒，所述液晶盒内封装有聚合物液晶材料，所述聚合 物液晶材料包括具有双折射率的液晶以及与液晶寻常光折射率或非寻常光折射率相同的聚合物，所述玻璃基底其中一个面为电极面，所述玻璃基底分别以相应的电极面为内表面，所述内表面设有透明导电膜，透明导电膜上刻蚀有菲涅尔波带图案，通过控制所述电极面被施加电压的大小改变聚合物液晶材料的焦距，能够使光线穿过聚合物液晶材料时按照菲涅尔波带进行汇聚或者发散；
    或者
    所述的电控变焦装置为电控液体透镜，包括边框，所述边框与镜框连接，所述边框的顶端设有弹性薄膜，所述边框的底端设有树脂片，所述边框内有填充液，所述镜框内设置蓄液仓，所述蓄液仓与边框连通，且所述蓄液仓内设置移动机构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的显示***，其特征在于，所述图像源为LCOS像源、OLED像源、microLED像源、LCD像源、SLM像源、DMD像源中的任一种。
  8. 一种便携式3D显示智能眼镜，其特征在于，包括镜架，
    所述镜架包括镜框和镜腿，所述镜腿通过铰接装置与镜框连接；
    所述镜框包括鼻托和用于安装权利要求1-7任意一项所述显示***的镜圈，所述图像源位于鼻托上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的便携式3D显示智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述鼻托上还设有中继***，所述中继***将图像源的光线准直后照射在输入光栅上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的便携式3D显示智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述镜腿包括外部框架和内部电路，所述外部框架上设置扬声器、音频接口；
    铰接装置为中空结构，所述中继***、3D显示***的导线通过铰接装置与镜腿中的内部电路相连。
PCT/CN2021/072532 2020-01-21 2021-01-18 一种显示***和便携式3d显示智能眼镜 WO2021147824A1 (zh)

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CN111158149A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-15 奥提赞光晶(山东)显示科技有限公司 一种显示***和便携式3d显示智能眼镜
CN116699751B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2024-05-24 荣耀终端有限公司 光波导及近眼显示设备

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