WO2021143097A1 - Vehicle traffic state self-sensing and early-warning system based on piezoelectric pavement - Google Patents

Vehicle traffic state self-sensing and early-warning system based on piezoelectric pavement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021143097A1
WO2021143097A1 PCT/CN2020/105376 CN2020105376W WO2021143097A1 WO 2021143097 A1 WO2021143097 A1 WO 2021143097A1 CN 2020105376 W CN2020105376 W CN 2020105376W WO 2021143097 A1 WO2021143097 A1 WO 2021143097A1
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vehicle
terminal
sensing
piezoelectric
roadside
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PCT/CN2020/105376
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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蒋玮
单金焕
沙爱民
肖晶晶
袁东东
李鹏飞
鹿蓉
李玉鹏
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长安大学
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Publication of WO2021143097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021143097A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of vehicle traffic state perception and early warning, in particular to the design of a self-perceived warning system of vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric pavement.
  • weighbridges and other devices are mainly installed at the main checkpoints, but this will affect normal traffic and cause a certain degree of traffic jam; for the problem of speeding, the intersection speedometer is mainly used for speed measurement, but this method is only used for later evidence collection. Deceleration still requires manual law enforcement, which cannot serve as a timely warning; for over-limit issues, limit rods are mainly used, but this will cause the vehicle to be stuck or temporarily turn around, affecting the normal passage of the vehicle. For the abnormal driving of the vehicle, it is difficult to quickly warn and eliminate the abnormal behavior only in video and manual monitoring.
  • the purpose of the smart highway is to guide and divert traffic in time and space through the collection and transmission of traffic information, avoid road congestion, strengthen the safety of road users, reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, and improve highway transportation
  • the environment enables vehicles and passengers to run safely, quickly, smoothly and comfortably on the expressway.
  • the present invention provides a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic conditions based on piezoelectric roads, which can effectively give early warnings and stop them in time to ensure traffic safety and smooth flow. .
  • a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric road surface including: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, roadside terminal, image collection terminal, data processing terminal and traffic police law enforcement terminal;
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is used to sense the driving state of the vehicle to obtain a voltage signal through the piezoelectric sheet buried in the road surface layer; the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is connected to the roadside terminal;
  • the roadside terminals are arranged on both sides of each road section, and are used to collect the voltage signal of the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal and convert it into the vehicle body information and driving information to determine whether the vehicle has abnormal behavior; abnormal behavior includes vehicle overload, Vehicle speeding, vehicle overrun, abnormal vehicle driving, road congestion and vehicle unbalanced load; at the same time communicate with the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal, and transmit the abnormal behavior signal of the vehicle to the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal in real time;
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal is installed in the vehicle for realizing comprehensive dynamic perception and communication of traffic information
  • the image collection terminal is set on the road and used for vehicle illegal shooting, while the captured images are used for judging that the vehicle exceeds the limit; the image collection terminal transmits the image signal to the roadside terminal;
  • the data processing terminal is used to transmit a signal of abnormal vehicle behavior to a traffic police law enforcement terminal for law enforcement in a nearby road section;
  • the traffic police law enforcement terminal is used to communicate with the roadside terminal, the image collection terminal and the data processing terminal to obtain the traffic state information of the vehicle.
  • the roadside terminal is used for vehicle overload self-sensing early warning, specifically:
  • the voltage signal is amplified and converted into the axle load and total weight of the vehicle.
  • the actual load of the vehicle is compared with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, an overload signal is sent.
  • the roadside terminal is used for vehicle speeding self-sensing early warning, specifically:
  • the vehicle speed is calculated according to the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces, and the actual speed of the vehicle is compared with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle is overspeed, an overspeed signal is issued.
  • the roadside terminal is used for vehicle over-limit self-sensing early warning, specifically:
  • the roadside terminal sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends an over-limit signal.
  • the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section to avoid Sections with restricted height and width.
  • the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory, specifically:
  • the voltage signal generated by the continuous driving of the vehicle forms a trajectory of the vehicle. According to the degree of curvature of the trajectory of the vehicle and the traffic rules of the section, it is judged whether the vehicle is driving abnormally. If there is abnormal driving, an abnormal driving signal is issued.
  • the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of road congestion, specifically:
  • the vehicle speed is calculated according to the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensors, and the vehicle speed signals passing through the road section are data analyzed, and the congestion degree of the road section is estimated based on the average vehicle speed, and the road section congestion information is obtained.
  • the roadside terminal is used for vehicle unbalanced load self-sensing early warning, specifically:
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention can self-perceive abnormal vehicle behaviors through piezoelectric road surfaces.
  • the abnormal behaviors include vehicle overload, vehicle overspeed, vehicle overrun, vehicle abnormal driving, road congestion and vehicle eccentric load; and transmit the signal to the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal , Through the traffic police law enforcement terminal and vehicle-mounted terminal, remind drivers to rule out related abnormal behaviors.
  • the system can provide effective early warning and form a corresponding feedback mechanism to ensure safe and smooth traffic, which is in line with the development direction of smart roads.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric roads according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the self-sensing early warning of vehicle overload based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle speeding based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle overrun based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory based on piezoelectric road according to the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of self-sensing early warning of road congestion based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle unbalanced load based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is a vehicle traffic state self-sensing early warning system based on piezoelectric road surface, including: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, roadside terminal, image collection terminal, data processing terminal and traffic police law enforcement terminal.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal can sense the driving state of the vehicle through the piezoelectric sheet embedded in the road surface layer, and can sense information such as the speed and weight of the vehicle through the amplification and calculation of the voltage signal.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is connected to the roadside terminal through a wire.
  • the roadside terminal is set on both sides of each road section, and can collect the voltage signal of the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal and convert it into the corresponding vehicle driving signal. At the same time, it can communicate with the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal to transmit the abnormal behavior signal of the vehicle in real time.
  • data processing terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals based on 5G signals, low-latency communication can be achieved.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal is installed in the vehicle, which can realize comprehensive dynamic perception and communication of traffic information, and the driver can avoid risks in time according to the signal of the vehicle-mounted terminal and drive safely.
  • the image collection terminal is set at an important intersection and is used for vehicle violation shooting, and the captured image can be used for judging that the vehicle exceeds the limit.
  • the image acquisition terminal transmits the image signal to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal can judge the actual height and width of the vehicle according to the image processing, and take the next step.
  • the present invention also provides a smart highway-oriented self-perception early warning method of vehicle abnormal behavior based on the system, and the process is as follows:
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the signal is amplified and converted into the axle weight and total weight of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal.
  • the roadside terminal compares the actual load of the vehicle with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of the traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time, the overload The signal is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted terminal.
  • the data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement.
  • the vehicle terminal will also send out an overload signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is overloaded.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal.
  • the roadside terminal compares the actual speed of the vehicle with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle exceeds the speed, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time transmits the speeding signal to the vehicle terminal.
  • the data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement.
  • the vehicle terminal will also send out a speeding signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is speeding.
  • the vehicle decelerates and enters the next piezoelectric sensing area. If the vehicle is not speeding, the warning signal of the vehicle terminal is
  • the image collection terminal collects the vehicle image and transmits it to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, the roadside terminal will send the over-limit signal to the data processing terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal.
  • the data processing terminal sends the vehicle violation and over-limit signal to the traffic police enforcement terminal at the nearby intersection, and at the same time the vehicle-mounted terminal issues an over-limit warning. The driver pulls to the side to make a forced unloading or the vehicle is towed away.
  • the roadside terminal sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends an over-limit signal.
  • the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section to avoid Sections with restricted height and width.
  • the piezoelectric pavement sensing terminal When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric pavement sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, and the voltage signal of the continuous vehicle driving forms a vehicle trajectory. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal.
  • the roadside terminal determines whether the vehicle is driving abnormally, such as retrograde, drunk driving, fatigue driving, etc., according to the straightness of the vehicle's trajectory line and the traffic driving rules of the road section. If there is abnormal driving, the roadside terminal transmits the abnormal driving signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal of the vehicle in question, and the vehicle-mounted terminal of the nearby vehicle.
  • the data processing terminal transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal will also send an abnormal driving signal to remind the driver involved in the abnormal driving, and remind other surrounding drivers to pay attention to avoidance.
  • Traffic police conduct on-site interception of vehicles and conduct related inspections such as drunk driving and fatigue driving. After the traffic police confirm that it can be released, the vehicle can continue to drive on the road.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces.
  • the roadside terminal performs data analysis on the speed signals of vehicles passing through the road section, and transmits the data information to the data processing terminal.
  • the data processing terminal estimates the congestion degree of the road section based on the average vehicle speed.
  • the data processing terminal will transmit road congestion to the navigation system and roadside terminal.
  • the navigation system will plan a reasonable route according to the customer's destination needs.
  • the roadside terminal will transmit the congestion of the road section ahead to the vehicle-mounted terminal and remind the driver to choose a reasonable route.
  • the piezoelectric road sensing terminal When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road sensing terminal generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal.
  • the roadside terminal judges whether the vehicle is unbalanced according to the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides. If there is a partial load, the roadside terminal transmits the partial load signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time transmits the partial load signal to the vehicle terminal.
  • the data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement.
  • the vehicle terminal will also send out an unbalanced load signal to remind the driver to pull over to eliminate the hidden danger of unbalanced load.
  • the present invention can self-perceive abnormal vehicle behaviors through piezoelectric road surfaces, and by transmitting signals to data processing terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals, and through traffic police law enforcement terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals, remind drivers to eliminate relevant abnormal behaviors.
  • the system can provide effective early warning and form a corresponding feedback mechanism to ensure safe and smooth traffic, which is in line with the development direction of smart roads.
  • a piezoelectric road-based vehicle traffic state self-sensing early warning system includes: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1, vehicle-mounted terminal 2, roadside terminal 3, image collection terminal 4, data processing terminal 5 and traffic police Law enforcement terminal 6.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1, the vehicle-mounted terminal 2, and the image collection terminal 4 are all communicatively connected to the roadside terminal 3, and the roadside terminal 3 is communicatively connected to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 through the data processing terminal 5.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the signal is amplified and converted into the axle weight and total weight of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 compares the actual load of the vehicle with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of the traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, the roadside terminal 3 transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5.
  • the overload signal is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2.
  • the data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections.
  • the vehicle terminal 2 will also send an overload signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is overloaded. The vehicle pulls over to the side, and arranges for passengers to transfer or is forced to unload the cargo. Only after the load meets the regulations can they be put
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing sheets.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 compares the actual speed of the vehicle with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle is overspeed, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, and at the same time transmits the overspeed signal to the vehicle terminal 2. .
  • the data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections.
  • the vehicle terminal 2 will also send out a speeding signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is speeding. The vehicle decelerates and enters the next piezoelectric sensing area. If the vehicle is not speeding
  • the vehicle enters the sensing area, and the image collection terminal 4 collects the vehicle image and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3, and the roadside terminal 3 calculates the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, the roadside terminal 3 will send the over-limit signal to the data processing terminal 5 and the vehicle-mounted terminal 2.
  • the data processing terminal 5 sends the vehicle violation and over-limit signal to the traffic police enforcement terminal 6 at the nearby intersection, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends out an over-limit warning at the same time.
  • the driver pulls to the side to make a forced unloading or the vehicle is towed away.
  • the roadside terminal 3 sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 sends an over-limit signal, and the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section , Avoid road sections with height and width restrictions.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal, and the voltage signal of continuous vehicle driving forms a vehicle driving trajectory.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 determines whether the vehicle is driving abnormally, such as retrograde, drunk driving, fatigue driving, etc., according to the degree of curvature of the vehicle's driving trajectory and the traffic driving rules of the road section. If there is abnormal driving, the roadside terminal 3 transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle and the vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, the vehicle-mounted terminal 3 of the vehicle concerned, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 3 of the nearby vehicle.
  • the data processing terminal 5 transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections.
  • the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 will also send an abnormal driving signal to remind the driver involved in the abnormal driving and remind other surrounding drivers to pay attention to avoidance.
  • Traffic police conduct on-site interception of vehicles and conduct related inspections such as drunk driving and fatigue driving. After the traffic police confirm that it can be released, the vehicle can continue to drive on the road.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing sheets.
  • the roadside terminal 3 performs data analysis on the speed signals of vehicles passing through the road section, and transmits the data information to the data processing terminal 5.
  • the data processing terminal 5 estimates the congestion degree of the road section based on the average vehicle speed.
  • the data processing terminal 5 transmits the congestion condition of the road section to the navigation system and the roadside terminal 3.
  • the navigation system will plan a reasonable route according to the customer's destination needs.
  • the roadside terminal 3 will transmit the congestion situation of the road section ahead to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 and remind the driver to choose a reasonable driving route.
  • the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3.
  • the roadside terminal 3 judges whether the vehicle is unbalanced based on the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides. If there is a partial load, the roadside terminal transmits the partial load signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, and at the same time transmits the partial load signal to the vehicle terminal 2.
  • the data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections.
  • the vehicle terminal 2 will also send out an unbalanced load signal to remind the driver to pull over to eliminate the hidden danger of unbalanced load.

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Abstract

A vehicle traffic state self-sensing and early-warning system based on piezoelectric pavement, comprising: piezoelectric pavement sensing terminals (1), vehicle-mounted terminals (2), a roadside terminal (3), image acquisition terminals (4), a data processing terminal (5), and a traffic police law enforcement terminal (6). The piezoelectric pavement sensing terminals (1), the vehicle-mounted terminals (2), and the image acquisition terminals (4) are all in communication connection with the roadside terminal (3), and the roadside terminal (3) is in communication connection with the traffic police law enforcement terminal (6) by means of the data processing terminal (5). Abnormal behaviors of a vehicle are sensed by means of the piezoelectric pavement, and the abnormal behaviors comprise vehicle overload, vehicle overspeed, vehicle over-limit, abnormal vehicle driving, a road congestion situation, and vehicle unbalanced loading; and by transmitting a signal to the data processing terminal (5) and the vehicle-mounted terminals (2), drivers are prompted by means of the traffic police law enforcement terminal (6) and the vehicle-mounted terminals (2) to eliminate related abnormal behaviors. The system can effectively perform early warning and form a corresponding feedback mechanism to ensure the safety and smoothness of traffic driving, and meets the development direction of smart pavement.

Description

一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***A self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric pavement 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及车辆交通状态感知预警领域，特别是设计基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***。The invention relates to the field of vehicle traffic state perception and early warning, in particular to the design of a self-perceived warning system of vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric pavement.
背景技术Background technique
道路拥堵严重困扰着高速发展的城市化进程，交通事故频发也严重威胁着人们的生命安全。“十次事故九次快”，超速行驶会影响车辆的安全性能，影响驾驶人及时、准确地操作，增加驾驶员的疲劳程度，导致驾驶员对速度的判断力下降，车速使制动距离延长，可能造成严重的交通事故。此外，据统计，载重货车道路交通事故中有80％以上是由于超限超载运输引起的。高频率和大吨位的车辆荷载大大超过了道路桥梁设计荷载标准，导致道路桥梁出现严重破坏和灾难性的结构损伤和破坏，带来了极大的安全隐患。根据文献资料，有超过半数的交通事故时发生在车辆出现异常行驶行为的10min以内，如果能及时感知并预警，就能很好减少和避免交通事故的发生。Road congestion is seriously plagued by the rapid development of urbanization, and frequent traffic accidents also seriously threaten people's lives. "Ten accidents and nine times faster", speeding will affect the safety performance of the vehicle, affect the driver's timely and accurate operation, increase the driver's fatigue, cause the driver to reduce the speed judgment, and the speed of the vehicle will extend the braking distance , May cause serious traffic accidents. In addition, according to statistics, more than 80% of truck road traffic accidents are caused by over-limit and overloaded transportation. The high-frequency and large-tonnage vehicle loads greatly exceed the design load standards of road bridges, leading to serious damage and catastrophic structural damage and destruction of road bridges, which brings great safety hazards. According to literature, more than half of the traffic accidents occur within 10 minutes of the abnormal driving behavior of the vehicle. If you can detect and warn them in time, you can reduce and avoid the occurrence of traffic accidents.
针对车辆超载问题，目前主要在主要关卡设置地磅等装置，但这会影响正常通行，导致一定程度的堵车；针对超速问题，主要采用路口测速仪进行测速，但该方法仅用于后期取证，要减速仍需人工执法，不能起到及时预警的作用；针对超限问题，主要采用限位杆等，但这会导致车辆被卡，或者临时掉头，影响车辆正常通行。针对车辆异常行驶，仅停留在视频和人工监测方面，很难快速预警，并消除异常行为。In view of the problem of vehicle overload, weighbridges and other devices are mainly installed at the main checkpoints, but this will affect normal traffic and cause a certain degree of traffic jam; for the problem of speeding, the intersection speedometer is mainly used for speed measurement, but this method is only used for later evidence collection. Deceleration still requires manual law enforcement, which cannot serve as a timely warning; for over-limit issues, limit rods are mainly used, but this will cause the vehicle to be stuck or temporarily turn around, affecting the normal passage of the vehicle. For the abnormal driving of the vehicle, it is difficult to quickly warn and eliminate the abnormal behavior only in video and manual monitoring.
智慧公路目的在于通过交通资讯信息的收集和传递，实现对车流在时 间和空间上的引导、分流，避免公路堵塞，加强公路用户的安全，以减少交通事故的发生，并改善了高速公路交通运输环境，使车辆和司乘人员在高速公路上安全、快速、畅通、舒适地运行。The purpose of the smart highway is to guide and divert traffic in time and space through the collection and transmission of traffic information, avoid road congestion, strengthen the safety of road users, reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, and improve highway transportation The environment enables vehicles and passengers to run safely, quickly, smoothly and comfortably on the expressway.
但是目前面向智慧公路的车辆异常行为自感知预警***仍不完善，没有一套完整的体系针对车辆异常行驶行为。However, the current self-sensing early warning system for vehicle abnormal behaviors for smart highways is still incomplete, and there is no complete system for vehicle abnormal driving behaviors.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了针对目前车辆交通状态监测预警不及时、***不完善等问题，本发明提供了一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，能有效预警，并及时制止，保证了交通安全、畅通。In order to address the problems of untimely monitoring and early warning of current vehicle traffic conditions and imperfect systems, the present invention provides a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic conditions based on piezoelectric roads, which can effectively give early warnings and stop them in time to ensure traffic safety and smooth flow. .
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，包括：压电路面感知端、车载终端、路侧终端、图像采集端、数据处理终端及交警执法终端；A self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric road surface, including: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, roadside terminal, image collection terminal, data processing terminal and traffic police law enforcement terminal;
所述压电路面感知端，用于通过埋设在路面面层的压电片感知车辆行驶状态得到电压信号；压电路面感知端与路侧终端相连；The piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is used to sense the driving state of the vehicle to obtain a voltage signal through the piezoelectric sheet buried in the road surface layer; the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is connected to the roadside terminal;
所述路侧终端设置在每个路段两侧，用于采集压电路面感知端的电压信号，并转化为车辆的车体信息和行驶信息，以判断车辆是否存在异常行为；异常行为包括车辆超载、车辆超速、车辆超限、车辆异常行驶、道路拥堵情况和车辆偏载；同时与数据处理终端和车载终端通讯，实时将车辆异常行为信号传输给数据处理终端和车载终端；The roadside terminals are arranged on both sides of each road section, and are used to collect the voltage signal of the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal and convert it into the vehicle body information and driving information to determine whether the vehicle has abnormal behavior; abnormal behavior includes vehicle overload, Vehicle speeding, vehicle overrun, abnormal vehicle driving, road congestion and vehicle unbalanced load; at the same time communicate with the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal, and transmit the abnormal behavior signal of the vehicle to the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal in real time;
所述车载终端安置于车内，用于实现交通信息全面动态感知和通信；The vehicle-mounted terminal is installed in the vehicle for realizing comprehensive dynamic perception and communication of traffic information;
所述图像采集端设置道路上，用于车辆违规拍摄，同时拍摄的图像用 于进行车辆超限的判断；图像采集端将图像信号传递给路侧终端；The image collection terminal is set on the road and used for vehicle illegal shooting, while the captured images are used for judging that the vehicle exceeds the limit; the image collection terminal transmits the image signal to the roadside terminal;
所述数据处理终端，用于将车辆异常行为信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端；The data processing terminal is used to transmit a signal of abnormal vehicle behavior to a traffic police law enforcement terminal for law enforcement in a nearby road section;
所述交警执法终端，用于与路侧终端、图像采集端及数据处理终端通讯，以获取车辆的交通状态信息。The traffic police law enforcement terminal is used to communicate with the roadside terminal, the image collection terminal and the data processing terminal to obtain the traffic state information of the vehicle.
所述路侧终端，用于车辆超载自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for vehicle overload self-sensing early warning, specifically:
将电压信号放大后转换成车辆的轴重和总重，根据车辆实际载重量与车载容许的载重量和交规允许的载重量进行比较，如果车辆实际载重量超过容许值，发出超载信号。The voltage signal is amplified and converted into the axle load and total weight of the vehicle. The actual load of the vehicle is compared with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, an overload signal is sent.
所述路侧终端，用于车辆超速自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for vehicle speeding self-sensing early warning, specifically:
根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速，将车辆实际速度与该路段该时间段交规限速值进行比较，如果车辆超速，发出超速信号。The vehicle speed is calculated according to the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces, and the actual speed of the vehicle is compared with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle is overspeed, an overspeed signal is issued.
所述路侧终端，用于车辆超限自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for vehicle over-limit self-sensing early warning, specifically:
根据图像采集端采集车辆图像，通过图像处理计算车辆实际高宽，如果车辆实际高宽大于车辆型号规定的高宽，发出超限警告；Collect vehicle images from the image acquisition terminal, and calculate the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, an over-limit warning will be issued;
如果车辆高宽符合车辆型号规定，但小于前方路段车辆限高或限宽，路侧终端发送超限信号给车载终端，车载终端发出超限信号，同时导航***将进行可行路段的导航，避开限高、限宽路段。If the vehicle height and width meet the vehicle model regulations, but are less than the vehicle height or width limit on the road ahead, the roadside terminal sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends an over-limit signal. At the same time, the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section to avoid Sections with restricted height and width.
所述路侧终端，用于车辆异常行驶轨迹自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory, specifically:
车辆连续行驶产生的电压信号形成一条车辆行驶轨迹线，根据车辆行驶轨迹线的曲直程度和该路段交通行驶规则，判断车辆是否存在异常行驶，如果存在异常行驶，发出异常行驶信号。The voltage signal generated by the continuous driving of the vehicle forms a trajectory of the vehicle. According to the degree of curvature of the trajectory of the vehicle and the traffic rules of the section, it is judged whether the vehicle is driving abnormally. If there is abnormal driving, an abnormal driving signal is issued.
所述路侧终端，用于道路拥堵情况自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of road congestion, specifically:
根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速，将经过路段的车辆车速信号进行数据分析，根据平均车速进行该路段拥挤程度的预估，得到路段拥挤情况信息。The vehicle speed is calculated according to the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensors, and the vehicle speed signals passing through the road section are data analyzed, and the congestion degree of the road section is estimated based on the average vehicle speed, and the road section congestion information is obtained.
所述路侧终端，用于车辆偏载自感知预警，具体为：The roadside terminal is used for vehicle unbalanced load self-sensing early warning, specifically:
根据道路两侧的电压信号大小判断车辆是否偏载，如果偏载，发出车辆偏载信号。According to the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides of the road, it is judged whether the vehicle is unbalanced or not.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明可以通过压电路面自感知车辆异常行为，异常行为包括车辆超载、车辆超速、车辆超限、车辆异常行驶、道路拥堵情况和车辆偏载；并通过将信号传递给数据处理终端和车载终端，通过交警执法终端和车载终端，提醒司机排除相关异常行为。该***能有效预警，并形成相应反馈机制，确保交通行驶安全、畅通，符合智慧路面的发展方向。The present invention can self-perceive abnormal vehicle behaviors through piezoelectric road surfaces. The abnormal behaviors include vehicle overload, vehicle overspeed, vehicle overrun, vehicle abnormal driving, road congestion and vehicle eccentric load; and transmit the signal to the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal , Through the traffic police law enforcement terminal and vehicle-mounted terminal, remind drivers to rule out related abnormal behaviors. The system can provide effective early warning and form a corresponding feedback mechanism to ensure safe and smooth traffic, which is in line with the development direction of smart roads.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric roads according to the present invention;
图2为本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆超载自感知预警流程图；Figure 2 is a flow chart of the self-sensing early warning of vehicle overload based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention;
图3为本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆超速自感知预警流程图；Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle speeding based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention;
图4为本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆超限自感知预警流程图；Figure 4 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle overrun based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention;
图5为本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆异常行驶轨迹自感知预警流程图；Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory based on piezoelectric road according to the present invention;
图6为本发明一种基于压电路面的道路拥堵情况自感知预警流程图；Figure 6 is a flow chart of self-sensing early warning of road congestion based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention;
图7为本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆偏载自感知预警流程图。Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a self-sensing early warning of vehicle unbalanced load based on piezoelectric road surface according to the present invention.
图中：1-压电路面感知端、2-车载终端、3-路侧终端、4-图像采集端、5-数据处理终端、6-交警执法终端。In the picture: 1-piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, 2-car terminal, 3-roadside terminal, 4-image acquisition terminal, 5-data processing terminal, 6-traffic police law enforcement terminal.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
本发明一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，包括：压电路面感知端、车载终端、路侧终端、图像采集端、数据处理终端及交警执法终端。The present invention is a vehicle traffic state self-sensing early warning system based on piezoelectric road surface, including: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, roadside terminal, image collection terminal, data processing terminal and traffic police law enforcement terminal.
所述压电路面感知端，可以通过埋设在路面面层的压电片感知车辆行驶状态，通过电压信号的放大和计算，可以感知车辆的车速、车重等信息。压电路面感知端通过电线与路侧终端相连。The piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal can sense the driving state of the vehicle through the piezoelectric sheet embedded in the road surface layer, and can sense information such as the speed and weight of the vehicle through the amplification and calculation of the voltage signal. The piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is connected to the roadside terminal through a wire.
所述路侧终端设置在每个路段两侧，可以采集压电路面感知端的电压信号，并转化为相应的车辆行驶信号，同时可以与数据处理终端和车载终端通讯，实时将车辆异常行为信号传输给数据处理终端和车载终端，基于5G信号，可以实现低延时通讯。The roadside terminal is set on both sides of each road section, and can collect the voltage signal of the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal and convert it into the corresponding vehicle driving signal. At the same time, it can communicate with the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal to transmit the abnormal behavior signal of the vehicle in real time. For data processing terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals, based on 5G signals, low-latency communication can be achieved.
所述车载终端安置于车内，可以实现交通信息全面动态感知和通信， 司机可以根据车载终端的信号及时规避风险，安全驾驶。The vehicle-mounted terminal is installed in the vehicle, which can realize comprehensive dynamic perception and communication of traffic information, and the driver can avoid risks in time according to the signal of the vehicle-mounted terminal and drive safely.
所述图像采集端设置在重要的路口，用于车辆违规拍摄，同时拍摄的图像可以用于进行车辆超限的判断。图像采集端将图像信号传递给路侧终端，路侧终端根据图像处理，可判断车辆实际高宽，并采取下一步措施。The image collection terminal is set at an important intersection and is used for vehicle violation shooting, and the captured image can be used for judging that the vehicle exceeds the limit. The image acquisition terminal transmits the image signal to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal can judge the actual height and width of the vehicle according to the image processing, and take the next step.
本发明还提供一种基于所述***的面向智慧公路的车辆异常行为自感知预警方法，流程如下：The present invention also provides a smart highway-oriented self-perception early warning method of vehicle abnormal behavior based on the system, and the process is as follows:
1.车辆超载自感知预警1. Self-sensing warning for vehicle overload
车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端，信号放大后转换成车辆的轴重和总重。车载终端将车辆信息传递给路侧终端。路侧终端将车辆实际载重量与车载容许的载重量和交规允许的载重量进行比较，如果车辆实际载重量超过容许值，路侧终端将超载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端，同时将超载信号传递给车载终端。数据处理终端将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端。车载终端也会发出超载信号，提醒司机车辆超载。车辆靠边停车，并安排旅客换乘或被强制卸货，载重符合规定后，才能上路。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the signal is amplified and converted into the axle weight and total weight of the vehicle. The vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal. The roadside terminal compares the actual load of the vehicle with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of the traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time, the overload The signal is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted terminal. The data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement. The vehicle terminal will also send out an overload signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is overloaded. The vehicle pulls over to the side, and arranges for passengers to transfer or is forced to unload the cargo. Only after the load meets the regulations can they be put on the road.
2.车辆超速自感知预警2. Vehicle speeding self-sensing warning
车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端，路侧终端根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速。同时车载终端将车辆信息传递给路侧终端。路侧终端将车辆实际速度与该路段该时间段交规限速值进行比较，如果车辆超速，路侧终端将超载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端，同时将超速信号传递给车载终端。数据处理终端将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端。车载终端也会发出超速信号，提醒司机车辆超速。车辆减速，驶入下一个压电感知区，若车辆没超速， 车载终端的警报信号消除。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal. The roadside terminal compares the actual speed of the vehicle with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle exceeds the speed, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time transmits the speeding signal to the vehicle terminal. The data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement. The vehicle terminal will also send out a speeding signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is speeding. The vehicle decelerates and enters the next piezoelectric sensing area. If the vehicle is not speeding, the warning signal of the vehicle terminal is eliminated.
3.车辆超限自感知预警3. Vehicle overrun self-sensing warning
车辆驶入感知区，图像采集端采集车辆图像，传递给路侧终端，路侧终端通过图像处理计算车辆实际高宽。同时车载终端将车辆信息传递给路侧终端。如果车辆实际高宽大于车辆型号规定的高宽，路侧终端会将超限信号发送给数据处理终端和车载终端。数据处理终端将车辆违规超限信号发送至附近路口的交警执法终端，同时车载终端发出超限警告。司机靠边停车，进行强制卸货或者车辆被拖走。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the image collection terminal collects the vehicle image and transmits it to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, the roadside terminal will send the over-limit signal to the data processing terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal. The data processing terminal sends the vehicle violation and over-limit signal to the traffic police enforcement terminal at the nearby intersection, and at the same time the vehicle-mounted terminal issues an over-limit warning. The driver pulls to the side to make a forced unloading or the vehicle is towed away.
如果车辆高宽符合车辆型号规定，但小于前方路段车辆限高或限宽，路侧终端发送超限信号给车载终端，车载终端发出超限信号，同时导航***将进行可行路段的导航，避开限高、限宽路段。If the vehicle height and width meet the vehicle model regulations, but are less than the vehicle height or width limit on the road ahead, the roadside terminal sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends an over-limit signal. At the same time, the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section to avoid Sections with restricted height and width.
4.车辆异常行驶轨迹自感知预警4. Self-sensing warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory
车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端产生电压信号，连续车辆行驶的电压信号形成一条车辆行驶轨迹线。同时车载终端将车辆信息传递给路侧终端。路侧终端根据车辆行驶轨迹线的曲直程度和该路段交通行驶规则，判断车辆是否存在异常行驶，如逆行、酒驾、疲劳驾驶等。如果存在异常行驶，路侧终端将车辆异常行驶信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端、当事车辆车载终端和附近车辆的车载终端。数据处理终端将车辆异常行驶信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端。车载终端也会发出车辆异常行驶信号，提醒当事司机行驶异常，并提醒其他周围司机注意避让。交警进行车辆现场拦截，并进行酒驾、疲劳驾驶等相关查验工作。交警确认可以放行后，车辆才能继续上路行驶。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric pavement sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, and the voltage signal of the continuous vehicle driving forms a vehicle trajectory. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal. The roadside terminal determines whether the vehicle is driving abnormally, such as retrograde, drunk driving, fatigue driving, etc., according to the straightness of the vehicle's trajectory line and the traffic driving rules of the road section. If there is abnormal driving, the roadside terminal transmits the abnormal driving signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal of the vehicle in question, and the vehicle-mounted terminal of the nearby vehicle. The data processing terminal transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section. The vehicle-mounted terminal will also send an abnormal driving signal to remind the driver involved in the abnormal driving, and remind other surrounding drivers to pay attention to avoidance. Traffic police conduct on-site interception of vehicles and conduct related inspections such as drunk driving and fatigue driving. After the traffic police confirm that it can be released, the vehicle can continue to drive on the road.
5.道路拥堵情况自感知预警5. Self-sensing early warning of road congestion
车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端，路侧终端根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速。路侧终端将经过路段的车辆车速信号进行数据分析，并将数据信息传输给数据处理终端。数据处理终端根据平均车速进行该路段拥挤程度的预估。数据处理终端会将路段拥挤情况传输给导航***和路侧终端。导航***会根据客户目的地需求进行合理路线的规划。路侧终端会将前方路段的拥挤情况传输给车载终端，并提醒司机合理选择行驶路线。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal generates a voltage signal, which is transmitted to the roadside terminal, and the roadside terminal calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces. The roadside terminal performs data analysis on the speed signals of vehicles passing through the road section, and transmits the data information to the data processing terminal. The data processing terminal estimates the congestion degree of the road section based on the average vehicle speed. The data processing terminal will transmit road congestion to the navigation system and roadside terminal. The navigation system will plan a reasonable route according to the customer's destination needs. The roadside terminal will transmit the congestion of the road section ahead to the vehicle-mounted terminal and remind the driver to choose a reasonable route.
6.车辆偏载自感知预警6. Self-sensing early warning of vehicle unbalanced load
车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端，路侧终端根据两侧的电压信号大小判断车辆是否偏载。如果偏载，路侧终端将偏载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端，同时将偏载信号传递给车载终端。数据处理终端将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端。车载终端也会发出偏载信号，提醒司机靠边停车排除偏载隐患。When the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road sensing terminal generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal. The roadside terminal judges whether the vehicle is unbalanced according to the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides. If there is a partial load, the roadside terminal transmits the partial load signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal, and at the same time transmits the partial load signal to the vehicle terminal. The data processing terminal transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal of the nearby road section law enforcement. The vehicle terminal will also send out an unbalanced load signal to remind the driver to pull over to eliminate the hidden danger of unbalanced load.
综上所述，本发明可以通过压电路面自感知车辆异常行为，并通过将信号传递给数据处理终端和车载终端，通过交警执法终端和车载终端，提醒司机排除相关异常行为。该***能有效预警，并形成相应反馈机制，确保交通行驶安全、畅通，符合智慧路面的发展方向。In summary, the present invention can self-perceive abnormal vehicle behaviors through piezoelectric road surfaces, and by transmitting signals to data processing terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals, and through traffic police law enforcement terminals and vehicle-mounted terminals, remind drivers to eliminate relevant abnormal behaviors. The system can provide effective early warning and form a corresponding feedback mechanism to ensure safe and smooth traffic, which is in line with the development direction of smart roads.
以下结合一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***示意图和预警流程图，对本发明进行进一步的说明。In the following, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with a schematic diagram of a self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on a piezoelectric road surface and an early warning flowchart.
实施例Example
如图1所示，一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，包括：压电路面感知端1、车载终端2、路侧终端3、图像采集端4、数据处理终端5和交警执法终端6。As shown in Figure 1, a piezoelectric road-based vehicle traffic state self-sensing early warning system includes: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1, vehicle-mounted terminal 2, roadside terminal 3, image collection terminal 4, data processing terminal 5 and traffic police Law enforcement terminal 6.
其中，压电路面感知端1、车载终端2、图像采集端4均与路侧终端3通讯连接，路侧终端3通过数据处理终端5和交警执法终端6通讯连接。Among them, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1, the vehicle-mounted terminal 2, and the image collection terminal 4 are all communicatively connected to the roadside terminal 3, and the roadside terminal 3 is communicatively connected to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 through the data processing terminal 5.
根据图2，车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端1产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端3，信号放大后转换成车辆的轴重和总重。车载终端2将车辆信息传递给路侧终端3。路侧终端3将车辆实际载重量与车载容许的载重量和交规允许的载重量进行比较，如果车辆实际载重量超过容许值，路侧终端3将超载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端5，同时将超载信号传递给车载终端2。数据处理终端5将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端6。车载终端2也会发出超载信号，提醒司机车辆超载。车辆靠边停车，并安排旅客换乘或被强制卸货，载重符合规定后，才能上路。According to Figure 2, when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3. The signal is amplified and converted into the axle weight and total weight of the vehicle. The vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 compares the actual load of the vehicle with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of the traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, the roadside terminal 3 transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5. At the same time, the overload signal is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2. The data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections. The vehicle terminal 2 will also send an overload signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is overloaded. The vehicle pulls over to the side, and arranges for passengers to transfer or is forced to unload the cargo. Only after the load meets the regulations can they be put on the road.
根据图3，车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端1产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端3，路侧终端3根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速。同时车载终端2将车辆信息传递给路侧终端3。路侧终端3将车辆实际速度与该路段该时间段交规限速值进行比较，如果车辆超速，路侧终端将超载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端5，同时将超速信号传递给车载终端2。数据处理终端5将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端6。车载终端2也会发出超速信号，提醒司机车辆超速。车辆减速，驶入下一个压电感知区，若车辆没超速，车载终端2的警报信号消除。According to Figure 3, when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing sheets. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 compares the actual speed of the vehicle with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle is overspeed, the roadside terminal transmits the overload signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, and at the same time transmits the overspeed signal to the vehicle terminal 2. . The data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections. The vehicle terminal 2 will also send out a speeding signal to remind the driver that the vehicle is speeding. The vehicle decelerates and enters the next piezoelectric sensing area. If the vehicle is not speeding, the warning signal of the vehicle terminal 2 is eliminated.
根据图4，车辆驶入感知区，图像采集端4采集车辆图像，传递给路侧终端3，路侧终端3通过图像处理计算车辆实际高宽。同时车载终端2将车辆信息传递给路侧终端3。如果车辆实际高宽大于车辆型号规定的高宽，路侧终端3会将超限信号发送给数据处理终端5和车载终端2。数据处理终端5将车辆违规超限信号发送至附近路口的交警执法终端6，同时车载终端发 出超限警告。司机靠边停车，进行强制卸货或者车辆被拖走。According to Fig. 4, the vehicle enters the sensing area, and the image collection terminal 4 collects the vehicle image and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3, and the roadside terminal 3 calculates the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, the roadside terminal 3 will send the over-limit signal to the data processing terminal 5 and the vehicle-mounted terminal 2. The data processing terminal 5 sends the vehicle violation and over-limit signal to the traffic police enforcement terminal 6 at the nearby intersection, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends out an over-limit warning at the same time. The driver pulls to the side to make a forced unloading or the vehicle is towed away.
如果车辆高宽符合车辆型号规定，但小于前方路段车辆限高或限宽，路侧终端3发送超限信号给车载终端2，车载终端2发出超限信号，同时导航***将进行可行路段的导航，避开限高、限宽路段。If the vehicle height and width meet the vehicle model regulations, but are less than the vehicle height or width limit on the road ahead, the roadside terminal 3 sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 sends an over-limit signal, and the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section , Avoid road sections with height and width restrictions.
根据图5，车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端1产生电压信号，连续车辆行驶的电压信号形成一条车辆行驶轨迹线。同时车载终端2将车辆信息传递给路侧终端3。路侧终端3根据车辆行驶轨迹线的曲直程度和该路段交通行驶规则，判断车辆是否存在异常行驶，如逆行、酒驾、疲劳驾驶等。如果存在异常行驶，路侧终端3将车辆异常行驶信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端5、当事车辆车载终端3和附近车辆的车载终端3。数据处理终端5将车辆异常行驶信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端6。车载终端2也会发出车辆异常行驶信号，提醒当事司机行驶异常，并提醒其他周围司机注意避让。交警进行车辆现场拦截，并进行酒驾、疲劳驾驶等相关查验工作。交警确认可以放行后，车辆才能继续上路行驶。According to Figure 5, when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal, and the voltage signal of continuous vehicle driving forms a vehicle driving trajectory. At the same time, the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 transmits the vehicle information to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 determines whether the vehicle is driving abnormally, such as retrograde, drunk driving, fatigue driving, etc., according to the degree of curvature of the vehicle's driving trajectory and the traffic driving rules of the road section. If there is abnormal driving, the roadside terminal 3 transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle and the vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, the vehicle-mounted terminal 3 of the vehicle concerned, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 3 of the nearby vehicle. The data processing terminal 5 transmits the abnormal driving signal of the vehicle to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections. The vehicle-mounted terminal 2 will also send an abnormal driving signal to remind the driver involved in the abnormal driving and remind other surrounding drivers to pay attention to avoidance. Traffic police conduct on-site interception of vehicles and conduct related inspections such as drunk driving and fatigue driving. After the traffic police confirm that it can be released, the vehicle can continue to drive on the road.
根据图6，车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端1产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端3，路侧终端3根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速。路侧终端3将经过路段的车辆车速信号进行数据分析，并将数据信息传输给数据处理终端5。数据处理终端5根据平均车速进行该路段拥挤程度的预估。数据处理终端5会将路段拥挤情况传输给导航***和路侧终端3。导航***会根据客户目的地需求进行合理路线的规划。路侧终端3会将前方路段的拥挤情况传输给车载终端2，并提醒司机合理选择行驶路线。According to Figure 6, when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 calculates the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltage generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing sheets. The roadside terminal 3 performs data analysis on the speed signals of vehicles passing through the road section, and transmits the data information to the data processing terminal 5. The data processing terminal 5 estimates the congestion degree of the road section based on the average vehicle speed. The data processing terminal 5 transmits the congestion condition of the road section to the navigation system and the roadside terminal 3. The navigation system will plan a reasonable route according to the customer's destination needs. The roadside terminal 3 will transmit the congestion situation of the road section ahead to the vehicle-mounted terminal 2 and remind the driver to choose a reasonable driving route.
根据图7，车辆驶入感知区，压电路面感知端1产生电压信号，传递给路侧终端3，路侧终端3根据两侧的电压信号大小判断车辆是否偏载。如果 偏载，路侧终端将偏载信号和车辆信息传递给数据处理终端5，同时将偏载信号传递给车载终端2。数据处理终端5将车辆信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端6。车载终端2也会发出偏载信号，提醒司机靠边停车排除偏载隐患。According to Figure 7, when the vehicle enters the sensing area, the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal 1 generates a voltage signal and transmits it to the roadside terminal 3. The roadside terminal 3 judges whether the vehicle is unbalanced based on the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides. If there is a partial load, the roadside terminal transmits the partial load signal and vehicle information to the data processing terminal 5, and at the same time transmits the partial load signal to the vehicle terminal 2. The data processing terminal 5 transmits the vehicle signal to the traffic police law enforcement terminal 6 for law enforcement in nearby road sections. The vehicle terminal 2 will also send out an unbalanced load signal to remind the driver to pull over to eliminate the hidden danger of unbalanced load.
应该理解，以上描述是为了进行图示说明而不是为了进行限制。通过阅读上述描述，在所提供的示例之外的许多实施例和许多应用对本领域技术人员来说都将是显而易见的。因此，本教导的范围不应该参照上述描述来确定，而是应该参照前述权利要求以及这些权利要求所拥有的等价物的全部范围来确定。出于全面之目的，所有文章和参考包括专利申请和公告的公开都通过参考结合在本文中。在前述权利要求中省略这里公开的主题的任何方面并不是为了放弃该主体内容，也不应该认为申请人没有将该主题考虑为所公开的发明主题的一部分。It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. By reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the present teaching should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the foregoing claims and the full range of equivalents possessed by these claims. For comprehensive purposes, all articles and references including patent applications and publications are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not to abandon the subject matter, nor should it be deemed that the applicant has not considered the subject matter as part of the disclosed subject matter of the invention.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，其特征在于，包括：压电路面感知端、车载终端、路侧终端、图像采集端、数据处理终端及交警执法终端；A self-sensing early warning system for vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric road surface, which is characterized by comprising: piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, roadside terminal, image collection terminal, data processing terminal and traffic police law enforcement terminal;
    所述压电路面感知端，用于通过埋设在路面面层的压电片感知车辆行驶状态得到电压信号；压电路面感知端与路侧终端相连；The piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is used to sense the driving state of the vehicle to obtain a voltage signal through the piezoelectric sheet buried in the road surface layer; the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal is connected to the roadside terminal;
    所述路侧终端设置在每个路段两侧，用于采集压电路面感知端的电压信号，并转化为车辆的车体信息和行驶信息，以判断车辆是否存在异常行为；异常行为包括车辆超载、车辆超速、车辆超限、车辆异常行驶、道路拥堵情况和车辆偏载；同时与数据处理终端和车载终端通讯，实时将车辆异常行为信号传输给数据处理终端和车载终端；The roadside terminals are arranged on both sides of each road section, and are used to collect the voltage signal of the piezoelectric road surface sensing terminal and convert it into the vehicle body information and driving information to determine whether the vehicle has abnormal behavior; abnormal behavior includes vehicle overload, Vehicle speeding, vehicle overrun, abnormal vehicle driving, road congestion and vehicle unbalanced load; at the same time communicate with the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal, and transmit the abnormal behavior signal of the vehicle to the data processing terminal and the vehicle terminal in real time;
    所述车载终端安置于车内，用于实现交通信息全面动态感知和通信；The vehicle-mounted terminal is installed in the vehicle for realizing comprehensive dynamic perception and communication of traffic information;
    所述图像采集端设置道路上，用于车辆违规拍摄，同时拍摄的图像用于进行车辆超限的判断；图像采集端将图像信号传递给路侧终端；The image collection terminal is set on the road and is used for vehicle illegal shooting, and the captured images are used for judging that the vehicle exceeds the limit; the image collection terminal transmits the image signal to the roadside terminal;
    所述数据处理终端，用于将车辆异常行为信号传递给附近路段执法的交警执法终端；The data processing terminal is used to transmit a signal of abnormal vehicle behavior to a traffic police law enforcement terminal for law enforcement in a nearby road section;
    所述交警执法终端，用于与路侧终端、图像采集端及数据处理终端通讯，以获取车辆的交通状态信息。The traffic police law enforcement terminal is used to communicate with the roadside terminal, the image collection terminal and the data processing terminal to obtain the traffic state information of the vehicle.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于车辆超载自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing early warning system of vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of vehicle overload, specifically:
    将电压信号放大后转换成车辆的轴重和总重，根据车辆实际载重量与车载容许的载重量和交规允许的载重量进行比较，如果车辆实际载重量超过容许值，发出超载信号。The voltage signal is amplified and converted into the axle load and total weight of the vehicle. The actual load of the vehicle is compared with the allowable load of the vehicle and the allowable load of traffic regulations. If the actual load of the vehicle exceeds the allowable value, an overload signal is sent.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预 警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于车辆超速自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing pre-warning system of vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing pre-warning of vehicle speeding, specifically:
    根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速，将车辆实际速度与该路段该时间段交规限速值进行比较，如果车辆超速，发出超速信号。Calculate the vehicle speed based on the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensing pieces, and compare the actual speed of the vehicle with the speed limit value of the time period of the road section. If the vehicle is overspeed, an overspeed signal will be issued.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于车辆超限自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing early warning system of vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of vehicle overrun, specifically:
    根据图像采集端采集车辆图像，通过图像处理计算车辆实际高宽，如果车辆实际高宽大于车辆型号规定的高宽，发出超限警告；Collect vehicle images from the image acquisition terminal, and calculate the actual height and width of the vehicle through image processing. If the actual height and width of the vehicle are greater than the height and width specified by the vehicle model, an over-limit warning will be issued;
    如果车辆高宽符合车辆型号规定，但小于前方路段车辆限高或限宽，路侧终端发送超限信号给车载终端，车载终端发出超限信号，同时导航***将进行可行路段的导航，避开限高、限宽路段。If the vehicle height and width meet the vehicle model regulations, but are less than the vehicle height or width limit on the road ahead, the roadside terminal sends an over-limit signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the vehicle-mounted terminal sends an over-limit signal. At the same time, the navigation system will navigate the feasible road section to avoid Sections with restricted height and width.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于车辆异常行驶轨迹自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing early warning system of vehicle traffic status based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of abnormal vehicle trajectory, specifically:
    车辆连续行驶产生的电压信号形成一条车辆行驶轨迹线，根据车辆行驶轨迹线的曲直程度和该路段交通行驶规则，判断车辆是否存在异常行驶，如果存在异常行驶，发出异常行驶信号。The voltage signal generated by the continuous driving of the vehicle forms a trajectory of the vehicle. According to the degree of curvature of the trajectory of the vehicle and the traffic rules of the section, it is judged whether the vehicle is driving abnormally. If there is abnormal driving, an abnormal driving signal is issued.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于道路拥堵情况自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing early warning system of vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing early warning of road congestion, specifically:
    根据前后压电感知片产生电压的时间差计算车速，将经过路段的车辆车速信号进行数据分析，根据平均车速进行该路段拥挤程度的预估，得到路段拥挤情况信息。The vehicle speed is calculated according to the time difference between the voltages generated by the front and rear piezoelectric sensors, and the vehicle speed signals passing through the road section are data analyzed, and the congestion degree of the road section is estimated based on the average vehicle speed, and the road section congestion information is obtained.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于压电路面的车辆交通状态自感知预 警***，其特征在于，所述路侧终端，用于车辆偏载自感知预警，具体为：The self-sensing pre-warning system for vehicle traffic state based on piezoelectric road according to claim 1, wherein the roadside terminal is used for self-sensing pre-warning of vehicle unbalanced load, specifically:
    根据道路两侧的电压信号大小判断车辆是否偏载，如果偏载，发出车辆偏载信号。According to the magnitude of the voltage signal on both sides of the road, it is judged whether the vehicle is unbalanced or not.
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