WO2021134243A1 - 线性振动电机 - Google Patents

线性振动电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021134243A1
WO2021134243A1 PCT/CN2019/130013 CN2019130013W WO2021134243A1 WO 2021134243 A1 WO2021134243 A1 WO 2021134243A1 CN 2019130013 W CN2019130013 W CN 2019130013W WO 2021134243 A1 WO2021134243 A1 WO 2021134243A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
coil
vibration motor
fixed
linear vibration
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PCT/CN2019/130013
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马杰
李子昂
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
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Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/130013 priority Critical patent/WO2021134243A1/zh
Publication of WO2021134243A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134243A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a motor, in particular to a linear vibration motor used in the field of mobile electronic products.
  • the related art linear vibration motor includes a base having a housing space, a vibration unit, an elastic component fixed to the base and suspending the vibration unit in the housing space, and fixed to the base to drive the
  • the coil unit vibrated by the vibrating unit interacts with the magnetic field generated by the vibrating unit through the electric field generated by the coil unit, thereby driving the vibrating unit to make a reciprocating linear motion to generate vibration.
  • the magnetic steel extends along the diagonal direction of the base, and the magnetic steel is magnetized in an oblique position, and the coil unit is placed parallel to the side wall of the base.
  • the above-mentioned magnetic steel is obliquely magnetized and the coil unit is arranged upright, so that part of the structure of the coil unit and the magnetic steel is not fully utilized, which limits the driving force formed by the two, resulting in The vibration effect is not good.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a linear vibration motor that realizes bidirectional vibration and has good vibration performance.
  • the present invention provides a linear vibration motor, which includes a housing with a housing space, a vibration unit, and an elastic component fixed to the housing and suspended in the housing space. , And fixed to the housing to drive the vibrating unit in a first direction, a second direction, or along a plane formed by the first direction and the second direction and not in contact with the first direction
  • a coil unit that vibrates in a third direction whose direction coincides with the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other;
  • the vibration unit includes spaced opposite and interacts with the coil unit to provide driving force
  • the magnetic steel unit includes a first magnet portion and a second magnet portion that are magnetized along a magnetizing direction, and the first magnet portion and the second magnet portion have opposite magnetic poles, and the magnetizing direction Perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction; the interface between the first magnet part and the second magnet part forms an included angle of non-90 degrees with the first direction;
  • the coil The unit includes an iron core fixed to the housing
  • the iron core is strip-shaped, the length direction of the iron core is parallel to the long axis direction of the coil, and the thickness direction of the iron core is parallel to the magnetizing direction.
  • the coil unit further includes a magnetic conductive sheet attached to a side of the coil away from the vibration unit, and the magnetic conductive sheet is connected to the iron core.
  • the magnetic conductive sheet is provided with a relief opening extending inward from its periphery, and the welding lead of the coil extends through the relief opening.
  • the vibrating unit further includes a mass
  • the mass is provided with a receiving through hole penetrating it along the magnetizing direction, the magnetic steel unit is received in the receiving through hole and fixed, so The elastic component is connected with the mass block.
  • the coil unit is partially located in the receiving through hole.
  • the mass block has a rectangular structure, including a short axis side parallel to the first direction and a long axis side parallel to the second direction;
  • each of the elastic components includes a fixed arm that is fixed to the housing near one of the short axis sides and is spaced apart from the mass, and is opposite to the fixed arm.
  • a first elastic arm whose ends are respectively bent and extended in a direction close to the adjacent short axis side, and an end of the first elastic arm away from the fixed arm is bent in a direction close to the adjacent long axis side
  • the linear vibration motor further includes a damping member sandwiched between the elastic component and the corner of the mass block, each of the damping components corresponding to the adjacent first of the elastic components A resilient arm abuts against the second resilient arm.
  • the housing includes a bottom wall, a side wall bent and extended from the edge of the bottom wall, and a cover plate covering an end of the side wall away from the bottom wall.
  • the bottom wall and the side wall And the cover plate encloses the accommodating space, the coil unit is fixed to the bottom wall and the cover plate respectively, and the distances between the elastic components and the cover plate are different.
  • the linear vibration motor further includes a limit block fixed to at least one of the bottom wall and the cover plate, and the limit block includes a block that is fixed to the housing and extends along the first direction.
  • the limit block body and the limit block extension body extending along the second direction from the limit block body, the mass block is provided with a limit groove that cooperates with the limit block extension body, the limit block The bit block extension body extends into the limiting groove.
  • the limiting block is located on a side of the mass block away from the fixed arm adjacent to the limiting block.
  • the coil unit is arranged to drive the vibration unit to vibrate in a first direction, a second direction, or along a plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.
  • the magnet unit of the vibrating unit is arranged as a first magnet part and a second magnet part that are magnetized along the magnetizing direction and have opposite magnetic poles, and vibrate in a third direction that does not coincide with the first direction and the second direction,
  • the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction, wherein the interface between the first magnet portion and the second magnet portion forms a non-90 degree with the first direction And make the long axis or the short axis of the coil unit parallel to the interface.
  • the arrangement of the coil unit and the magnetic steel unit makes full use of the interaction force between the two to realize the vibration in the first and second directions orthogonal to each other, or the third direction, the drive is large, and the improvement is effective.
  • the coil unit interacts with the magnetic steel unit to generate a driving force parallel to the normal direction of the interface.
  • the driving force generates a partial driving force along the normal first direction and the second direction of the respective surface, thereby achieving
  • the driving vibration unit vibrates in the first direction or the second direction or along the first direction that is located on the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction and does not overlap with the first direction and the second direction It vibrates in three directions, and the driving effect in two directions is better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the linear vibration motor of the utility model
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the linear vibration motor of the utility model
  • Figure 3 is a front view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the linear vibration motor of the utility model
  • Figure 4 is a front view of another part of the three-dimensional structure of the linear vibration motor of the utility model
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Fig. 1.
  • the utility model provides a linear vibration motor 100.
  • an XYZ three-axis coordinate system is established.
  • the X-axis direction is defined as the first direction
  • the Y-axis direction is defined as the second direction.
  • the magnetization direction is the thickness direction of the linear vibration motor, then the first direction, the second direction and The magnetizing directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • the linear vibration motor 100 includes a housing 1 having a housing space 10, a vibration unit 2 located in the housing space 10, and fixed to the housing 1 and the vibration unit 2
  • the elastic component 3 suspended in the accommodating space 10 is fixed to the housing 1 to drive the vibrating unit 2 in the first direction, the second direction, or along the first direction and the second direction.
  • the housing 1 includes a bottom wall 11, a side wall 12 bent and extended from the edge of the bottom wall 11, and a cover plate 13 covering an end of the side wall 12 away from the bottom wall.
  • the bottom wall 11, the side wall 12 and the cover plate 13 enclose the receiving space 10.
  • the vibration unit 2 includes a magnetic steel unit 21 and a mass 22.
  • the magnetic steel unit 21 is opposed to and interacts with the coil unit 4 to provide driving force.
  • the magnetic steel unit 21 includes at least two parts with opposite magnetic poles.
  • the magnetic steel unit 21 includes a first magnet portion 211 and a second magnet portion 212 that are magnetized along the magnetizing direction.
  • the magnetic poles of the first magnet part 211 and the second magnet part 212 are opposite, that is, the magnetizing direction of the magnetic steel unit 21 is the thickness direction of the linear vibration motor 100, which is the same as the first direction and the first direction.
  • the plane formed by the two directions is vertical.
  • the interface 213 between the first magnet portion 211 and the second portion 212 forms an included angle other than 90 degrees with the first direction, or an included angle other than 90 degrees with the second direction.
  • the mass 22 is used to increase the weight of the vibration unit 2 and improve the vibration performance.
  • the mass block 22 is provided with a receiving through hole 221 passing through it along the magnetizing direction, the magnetic steel unit 21 is received in the receiving through hole 221 and fixedly formed, and the elastic component 3 and The mass block 22 is connected, and the vibration unit 2 is suspended in the containing space 10 by fixing with the mass block 22.
  • the mass 22 has a rectangular structure and includes a short axis side parallel to the first direction and a long axis side parallel to the second direction.
  • the elastic components 3 are arranged on opposite sides of the mass block 22 opposite to each other.
  • the elastic component 3 includes two elastic components 3 respectively located on opposite sides of the mass block parallel to its short axis, that is, on opposite sides of the mass block 22 in the second direction.
  • each of the elastic components 3 includes a fixed arm 31 fixed to the side of the housing 1 close to one of the short axis sides and connected to the mass 22, and a fixed arm 31 formed by opposite ends of the fixed arm 31
  • the first elastic arms 32 are respectively bent and extended in the direction close to the adjacent short axis side, and the end of the first elastic arm 32 away from the fixed arm 31 is bent in the direction close to the adjacent long axis side.
  • a second elastic arm 33 that is folded and extended, and a connecting arm 34 that extends from the second elastic arm 33 and is fixed to the long axis side of the mass 22.
  • the angle between the fixed arm 31 and the first elastic arm 32 is an obtuse angle
  • the first elastic arm 32 and the second elastic arm 33 are spaced apart from the mass 22 to form a suspended arrangement.
  • the distances between the elastic components 3 and the cover plate 13 are different.
  • the coil unit 4 includes an iron core 41 fixed to the housing 1 and located on at least one side of the vibrating unit 2 along the magnetizing direction (Z-axis direction), and a coil wound around the iron core 41 42.
  • the coil unit 4 is fixed to the bottom wall 11 and the cover plate 13 respectively.
  • the coil unit 4 includes two coil units and is respectively fixed on opposite sides of the housing 1 along the magnetizing direction (Z-axis direction).
  • the iron core 41 has a strip shape
  • the coil 42 has a racetrack shape
  • the long axis or the short axis of the coil 42 is parallel to the interface.
  • the longitudinal direction of the iron core 41 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the coil 42
  • the thickness direction of the iron core 41 is parallel to the magnetizing direction.
  • the coil unit 4 is partially located in the receiving through hole 221.
  • the coil unit 4 further includes a magnetic conductive sheet 43 attached to the side of the coil 42 away from the vibration unit 2, and the magnetic conductive sheet 43 and the iron The core 41 is connected.
  • the coil unit 4 is fixed to the housing 1 through a magnetic conductive sheet 43.
  • the magnetic conductive sheet 43 is provided with a relief opening 431 extending inward from its periphery, and the welding lead of the coil 42 extends through the relief opening 431 and is led to an external power source by the FPC.
  • the damping member 5 is sandwiched between the elastic component 3 and the corner of the mass block 22.
  • the damping member 5 includes four and is located at the four corners of the mass 22 respectively. Each of the damping members 5 abuts against the adjacent first elastic arm 32 and the second elastic arm 33 of the corresponding elastic component 3. That is, the damping member 5 has parts in contact with the mass 22 and the elastic component 3 in both the first direction and the second direction, so as to realize the mass 22 in the first direction (X-axis direction) and the second direction. (Y-axis direction) or the third direction (direction on the plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis and not coincident with the X-axis and the Y-axis) provides damping to improve its stability and reliability.
  • the limiting block 6 is fixed to at least one of the bottom wall 11 and the cover plate 13.
  • the limiting block 6 is located on the side of the short axis away from the fixed arm 31 adjacent to the limiting block 6.
  • the limiting block 6 includes two and is respectively disposed on opposite sides of the short axis of the mass block 22, for limiting the vibration unit 22 in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction. Bit to improve its reliability.
  • the limiting block 6 includes a limiting block body 61 fixed to the housing 1 and extending in the first direction, and a limiting block body 61 extending in the second direction.
  • the block extension 62 forms a "T" shape.
  • the mass block 22 is provided with a limiting groove 222 that cooperates with the limiting block extension 62, and the limiting block extension 62 extends into the limiting groove 222.
  • the limit block body 61 realizes the displacement limit when the vibration unit 2 vibrates in the second direction
  • the limit block extension 62 realizes the displacement limit when the vibration unit 2 vibrates in the first direction.
  • the limit block body 61 Together with the limit block extension 62, the displacement limit of the vibration unit 2 when vibrating in the third direction is realized.
  • the two elastic components 3 are superimposed on each other along the magnetizing direction, and the limit block bodies 61 of the two limit blocks 6 are respectively fixed to the housing 1 along the On two opposite sides of the magnetizing direction, the two limiting slots 222 are respectively opened on the opposite sides of the mass 22 along the too strong direction. Therefore, in the magnetizing direction, the limit block 6 and the elastic component 3 make full use of the thickness space of the mass block 22 along the magnetizing direction.
  • the energized coil 42 cuts the magnetic lines of induction to form ampere force.
  • the iron core 41 is polarized due to the energization of the coil 42 and has polarity.
  • the two coil units 4 The two iron cores 41 respectively interact with the magnetic steel unit 21 to form an electromagnetic force; and the ampere force and the electromagnetic force work together to form a driving force along the normal direction of the interface 213, as shown in FIG.
  • the driving force has driving force components in the first direction and the second direction, so that the driving force is in the first direction, the second direction, and is located on the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction and does not coincide with the
  • the vibration in the third direction in which the first direction and the second direction coincide provides driving force, when the frequency of the current (that is, the frequency of the driving signal) is close to the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 in the first direction or the second direction
  • the mode in the first direction or the second direction is excited to form the main direction of movement.
  • the vibrating unit 2 moves along the first direction (X) and the second vibration (Y) mode The states are simultaneously excited. At this time, under the action of the resultant force, the vibrating unit 2 vibrates along the third direction.
  • the above-mentioned structure arrangement greatly utilizes the interaction between the coil unit 4 and the magnetic steel unit 21, which effectively increases the driving force and improves the vibration performance.
  • the shapes of the masses, iron cores and other components described above are only used as examples and are not limited to the present invention.
  • the iron cores can also be cylindrical or other shapes, and the masses can also be round, square or other regular shapes. Or the irregular shape only needs to be able to fix the magnet part and connect with the elastic component.
  • the coil unit is arranged to drive the vibration unit to vibrate in a first direction, a second direction, or along a plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.
  • the magnet unit of the vibrating unit is arranged as a first magnet part and a second magnet part that are magnetized along the magnetizing direction and have opposite magnetic poles, and vibrate in a third direction that does not coincide with the first direction and the second direction,
  • the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction, wherein the interface between the first magnet portion and the second magnet portion forms a non-90 degree with the first direction And make the long axis or the short axis of the coil unit parallel to the interface.
  • the arrangement of the coil unit and the magnetic steel unit makes full use of the interaction force between the two to realize the vibration in the first and second directions orthogonal to each other, or the third direction, the drive is large, and the improvement is effective.
  • the coil unit interacts with the magnetic steel unit to generate a driving force parallel to the normal direction of the interface.
  • the driving force generates a partial driving force along the normal first direction and the second direction of the respective surface, thereby achieving
  • the driving vibration unit vibrates in the first direction or the second direction or along the first direction that is located on the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction and does not overlap with the first direction and the second direction It vibrates in three directions, and the driving effect in two directions is better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种线性振动电机，包括壳体（1）、振动单元（2）、弹性组件（3）以及驱动振动单元（2）沿第一方向、第二方向、第三方向振动的线圈单元（4）；振动单元（2）包括与线圈单元（4）间隔相对的磁钢单元（21），磁钢单元（21）包括沿充磁方向充磁的第一磁体部（211）和第二磁体部（212）且第一磁体部（211）和第二磁体部（212）的磁极相反；所述第一磁体部（211）和所述第二磁体部（212）的分界面与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角，所述线圈单元（4）沿充磁方向分别固定于壳体（1）的相对两侧，线圈单元（4）的长轴或短轴平行于分界面；每一线圈单元（4）包括铁芯（41）以及绕设于铁芯（41）外侧的线圈（42）。与相关技术相比，该线性振动电机振动性能好且可靠性高。

Description

线性振动电机 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种电机，尤其涉及一种运用在移动电子产品领域的线性振动电机。
 背景技术
随着电子技术的发展，便携式消费性电子产品越来越受人们的追捧，如手机、掌上游戏机、导航装置或掌上多媒体娱乐设备等，这些电子产品一般都会用到线性振动电机来做***反馈，比如手机的来电提示、信息提示、导航提示、游戏机的振动反馈等。如此广泛的应用，就要求振动电机的性能优，使用寿命长。
相关技术的线性振动电机包括具有收容空间的基座、振动单元、固定于所述基座并将所述振动单元悬置于所述收容空间的弹性组件，以及固定于所述基座以驱动所述振动单元振动的线圈单元，通过线圈单元产生的电场与振动单元产生的磁场相互作用，从而驱动所述振动单元做往复直线运动而产生振动。为了实现双向振动效果，相关技术的线性振动电机中，磁钢沿基座的对角线方向延伸设置，所述磁钢采用斜置充磁，线圈单元则与基座的侧壁平行正置。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的线性振动电机中，上述磁钢斜置充磁，线圈单元正置设置的结构使得线圈单元与磁钢的部分结构未充分利用，从而使得二者形成的驱动力受限，导致振动效果欠佳。
因此，有必要提供一种新的线性振动电机解决上述问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型需要解决的技术问题是提供一种实现双向振动且振动性能好的线性振动电机。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种线性振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体、振动单元、固定于所述壳体并将所述振动单元悬置于所述收容空间的弹性组件，以及固定于所述壳体以驱动所述振动单元沿第一方向、第二方向、或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动的线圈单元，所述第一方向与所述第二方相互垂直；所述振动单元包括与所述线圈单元间隔相对且相互作用以提供驱动力的磁钢单元，所述磁钢单元包括沿充磁方向充磁的第一磁体部和第二磁体部且所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的磁极相反，所述充磁方向垂直于所述第一方向与所述第二方向形成的平面；所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的分界面与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角；所述线圈单元包括固定于所述壳体并位于所述振动单元沿所述充磁方向的至少一侧的铁芯和绕设于所述铁芯的线圈，所述线圈呈跑道型且所述线圈的长轴或短轴平行于所述分界面。
优选的，所述铁芯呈条状，所述铁芯的长度方向与所述线圈的长轴方向平行，所述铁芯的厚度方向与所述充磁方向平行。
优选的，所述线圈单元还包括贴设于所述线圈的远离所述振动单元一侧的导磁片，所述导磁片与所述铁芯连接。
优选的，所述导磁片设有由其周缘向内延伸的让位口，所述线 圈的焊接引线经所述让位口伸出。
优选的，所述振动单元还包括质量块，所述质量块设有沿所述充磁方向贯穿其上的收容通孔，所述磁钢单元收容于所述收容通孔内并形成固定，所述弹性组件与所述质量块连接。
优选的，所述线圈单元部分位于所述收容通孔内。
优选的，所述质量块呈矩形结构，包括平行于所述第一方向的短轴边和平行于所述第二方向的长轴边；所述弹性组件包括分别位于所述质量块沿所述第二方向的相对两侧，每一所述弹性组件包括固定于所述壳体靠近其中一所述短轴边一侧并与所述质量块间隔设置的固定臂、由所述固定臂的相对两端分别沿靠近相邻所述短轴边的方向弯折延伸的第一弹臂、由所述第一弹臂远离所述固定臂的一端沿靠近相邻所述长轴边的方向弯折延伸的第二弹臂、以及由所述第二弹臂延伸并固定于所述质量块的所述长轴边的连接臂，所述固定臂与所述第一弹臂之间的夹角为钝角，所述第一弹臂和所述第二弹臂均与所述质量块间隔形成悬空设置。
优选的，所述线性振动电机还包括夹设于所述弹性组件与所述质量块的角部之间的阻尼件，每一所述阻尼件与对应所述弹性组件中相邻的所述第一弹臂和所述第二弹臂抵接。
优选的，所述壳体包括底壁、自所述底壁边缘弯折延伸的侧壁以及盖设在所述侧壁远离所述底壁一端的盖板，所述底壁、所述侧壁及所述盖板围成所述收容空间，所述线圈单元分别固定于所述底壁及所述盖板，各所述弹性组件到所述盖板之间的距离不相同。
优选的，所述线性振动电机还包括固定于所述底壁与所述盖板中的至少一个的限位块，所述限位块包括与所述壳体固定并沿所述第一方向延伸的限位块本体和由所述限位块本体沿所述第二方向延伸的限位块延伸体，所述质量块设有与所述限位块延伸体配合的限位槽，所述限位块延伸体延伸至所述限位槽内。
优选的，所述限位块位于所述质量块远离与所述限位块相邻的所述固定臂的一侧。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的线性振动电机中，线圈单元设置驱动振动单元沿第一方向、第二方向振动、或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动，振动单元的磁钢单元设置为沿充磁方向充磁且磁极相反的第一磁体部和第二磁体部，所述充磁方向垂直于所述第一方向与所述第二方向形成的平面，其中，所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的分界面与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角，并且，使所述线圈单元的长轴或短轴平行于所述分界面设置。上述结构中，线圈单元与磁钢单元的设置充分利用于二者之间的相互作用力，实现沿相互正交的第一方向和第二方向，或第三方向的振动，驱动大，有效改善的振动性能，线圈单元与磁钢单元相互作用产生平行于所述分界面法向的驱动力，该驱动力沿所述分别面的法向第一方向和第二方向产生分驱动力，从而实现驱动振动单元沿第一方向振动或第二方向振动或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动，且两个方向的驱动效果更佳。
 附图说明
图1为本实用新型线性振动电机的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型线性振动电机的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为本实用新型线性振动电机的部份立体结构正视图；
图4为本实用新型线性振动电机的另一部份立体结构正视图
图5为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图6为沿图1中B-B线的剖示图。
本发明的实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施方式对本实用新型作进一步说明。
本实用新型提供了一种线性振动电机100，为方便描述说明，建立XYZ三轴坐标***，如图2中所示，定义沿X轴方向为第一方向，定义沿Y轴方向为第二方向，定义沿Z轴方向为充磁方向，其中第一方向与第二方向为两个不同的振动方向，所述充磁方向为线性振动电机的厚度方向，则，第一方向、第二方向以及充磁方向两两相互垂直。
请同时参阅图1-6所示，所述线性振动电机100包括具有收容空间10的壳体1、位于收容空间10内的振动单元2、固定于所述壳体1并将所述振动单元2悬置于所述收容空间10的弹性组件3、固定于所述壳体1以驱动所述振动单元2沿第一方向、第二方向、或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动的线圈单元4、设置于所述收容空间内的阻尼件5以及限位块6。
所述壳体1包括底壁11、自所述底壁11边缘弯折延伸的侧壁12以及盖设在所述侧壁12远离所述底壁一端的盖板13。所述底壁11、所述侧壁12及所述盖板13围成所述收容空间10。所述振动单元2包括磁钢单元21和质量块22。
所述磁钢单元21与所述线圈单元4间隔相对且相互作用以提供驱动力。
具体的，磁钢单元21至少包括两个磁极方向相反的部分，比如，本实施方式中，磁钢单元21包括沿所述充磁方向充磁的第一磁体部211和第二磁体部212，且所述第一磁体部211和所述第二磁体部212的磁极相反，即磁钢单元21的充磁方向为线性振动电机100的厚度方向，该方向与所述第一方向和所述第二方向形成的平面垂直。所述第一磁体部211和所述第二部212分的分界面213与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角，或者与第二方向形成非90度夹角。
所述质量块22用于增加振动单元2的重量，提高振动性能。本实施方式中，所述质量块22设有沿充磁方向贯穿其上的收容通孔221，所述磁钢单元21收容于所述收容通孔221内并形成固定，所述弹性组件3与所述质量块22连接，通过与质量块22的固定将所述振动单元2悬置于收容空间10内。
本实施方式中，所述质量块22呈矩形结构，包括平行于所述第一方向的短轴边和平行于所述第二方向的长轴边。
所述弹性组件3相对设置于所述质量块22的相对两侧。本实施方式中，所述弹性组件3包括，两个所述弹性组件3分别位于所述质量块平行其短轴的相对两侧，即位于质量块22沿第二方向的相对两侧。
具体的，每一所述弹性组件3包括固定于所述壳体1靠近其中一所述短轴边一侧并与所述质量块22的固定臂31、由所述固定臂31的相对两端分别沿靠近相邻所述短轴边的方向弯折延伸的第一弹臂32、由所述第一弹臂32远离所述固定臂31的一端沿靠近相邻所述长轴边的方向弯折延伸的第二弹臂33，以及由所述第二弹臂33延伸并固定于所述质量块22的所述长轴边的连接臂34。其中，所述固定臂31与所述第一弹臂32之间的夹角为钝角，所述第一弹臂32和所述第二弹臂33均与所述质量块22间隔形成悬空设置。各所述弹性组件3到所述盖板13之间的距离不相同。
所述线圈单元4包括固定于所述壳体1并位于所述振动单元2沿所述充磁方向（Z轴方向）的至少一侧的铁芯41和绕设于所述铁芯41的线圈42。
具体的，所述线圈单元4分别固定于所述底壁11及所述盖板13。
本实施方式中，所述线圈单元4包括两个且沿所述充磁方向（Z轴方向）分别固定于所述壳体1的相对两侧。
具体的，所述铁芯41呈条状，所述线圈42呈跑道型且所述线圈42的长轴或短轴平行于所述分界面。所述铁芯41的长度方向与所述线圈42的长轴方向平行，所述铁芯41的厚度方向与所述充磁方向平行。
更优的，为了减小所述线性振动电机100的厚度，使其设计更薄，所述线圈单元4部分位于所述收容通孔221内。
本实施方式中，为了减少磁外漏，所述线圈单元4还包括贴设于所述线圈42的远离所述振动单元2一侧的导磁片43，所述导磁片43与所述铁芯41连接。所述线圈单元4通过导磁片43固定于壳体1。
更优的，所述导磁片43设有由其周缘向内延伸的让位口431，所述线圈42的焊接引线经所述让位口431伸出，并由FPC引至外部电源。
所述阻尼件5夹设于所述弹性组件3与所述质量块22的角部之间。
所述阻尼件5包括四个且分别位于所述质量块22的四个角的位置。每一所述阻尼件5与对应所述弹性组件3中相邻的所述第一弹臂32和所述第二弹臂33抵接。即阻尼件5在第一方向和第二方向上均具有与质量块22及弹性组件3相接触的部分，以实现质量块22在所述第一方向（X轴方向）、所述第二方向（Y轴方向）或所述第三方向（X轴与Y轴形成的平面上且不与X轴及Y轴重合的方向）运动时，提供阻尼，提高其稳定性和可靠性。
所述限位块6固定于所述底壁11与所述盖板13中的至少一个。所述限位块6位于所述短轴边的远离与所述限位块6相邻的所述固定臂31的一侧。
本实施方式中，所述限位块6包括两个且分别设置于所述质量块22的短轴相对两侧，用于对振动单元22在第一方向、第二方向及第三方向上进行限位，提高其可靠性。
具体的，所述限位块6包括固定于所述壳体1并沿所述第一方向延伸的限位块本体61和由所述限位块本体61沿所述第二方向延伸的限位块延伸体62，比如形成“T”字形。所述质量块22设有与所述限位块延伸体62配合的限位槽222，所述限位块延伸体62延伸至所述限位槽222内。限位块本体61则实现对振动单元2沿第二方向振动时的位移限位，限位块延伸体62则实现对振动单元2沿第一方向振动时的位移限位，限位块本体61与限位块延伸体62共同实现对振动单元2沿第三方向振动时的位移限位。
更优的，为了进一步减小线性振动电机100沿充磁方向（其厚度方向，即Z轴方向）的尺寸，其减小其厚度。本实施方式中，两个所述弹性组件3沿所述充磁方向呈相互叠设，两个所述限位块6的所述限位块本体61分别固定于所述壳体1沿所述充磁方向的相对两侧，两个所述限位槽222分别开设于所述质量块22沿所述充太强方向的相对两侧。从而使得在所述充磁方向上，限位块6与弹性组件3充分利用质量块22沿充磁方向的厚度空间。
如图5中所述，线圈42通电时，通电的线圈42切割磁感线，形成安培力，同时，铁芯41因线圈42的通电被极化后具有极性，两个所述线圈单元4的两个铁芯41分别与磁钢单元21作用，形成电磁力；而安培力与电磁力共同作用，形成沿分界面213法向的驱动力，如图4中所示。该驱动力具有沿第一方向和第二方向的驱动力分量，从而为第一方向、第二方向以及沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向的振动提供了驱动力，当电流的频率（即驱动信号的频率）与线性振动电机100在第一方向或第二方向的共振频率相近时，第一方向或第二方向的模态被激发，形成主要运动方向。当所述驱动信号的频率同时对应所述第一方向的共振频率和第二方向的共振频率时，所述振动单元2沿所述第一方向（X）和所述第二振动（Y）模态被同时激发，此时，在合力的作用下，振动单元2沿所述第三方向振动。
而上述结构设置极大程度的利用了线圈单元4与磁钢单元21的相互作用，有效的提高了驱动力，改善了振动性能。
应当理解，以上描述的质量块、铁芯等部件的形状仅用作示例，不限于本实用新型，铁芯也可以是圆柱状或其他形状，质量块例如也可以是圆形、方形或其他规则或不规则形状只要能固定磁体部并与弹性组件连接即可。与相关技术相比，本实用新型的线性振动电机中，线圈单元设置驱动振动单元沿第一方向、第二方向振动、或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动，振动单元的磁钢单元设置为沿充磁方向充磁且磁极相反的第一磁体部和第二磁体部，所述充磁方向垂直于所述第一方向与所述第二方向形成的平面，其中，所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的分界面与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角，并且，使所述线圈单元的长轴或短轴平行于所述分界面设置。上述结构中，线圈单元与磁钢单元的设置充分利用于二者之间的相互作用力，实现沿相互正交的第一方向和第二方向，或第三方向的振动，驱动大，有效改善的振动性能，线圈单元与磁钢单元相互作用产生平行于所述分界面法向的驱动力，该驱动力沿所述分别面的法向第一方向和第二方向产生分驱动力，从而实现驱动振动单元沿第一方向振动或第二方向振动或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动，且两个方向的驱动效果更佳。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的实施例，并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围，凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种线性振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体、振动单元、固定于所述壳体并将所述振动单元悬置于所述收容空间的弹性组件，以及固定于所述壳体以驱动所述振动单元沿第一方向、第二方向、或沿着位于所述第一方向和所述第二方向所形成的平面上且不与所述第一方向和所述第二方向重合的第三方向振动的线圈单元，所述第一方向与所述第二方相互垂直，其特征在于：
    所述振动单元包括与所述线圈单元间隔相对且相互作用以提供驱动力的磁钢单元，所述磁钢单元包括沿充磁方向充磁的第一磁体部和第二磁体部且所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的磁极相反，所述充磁方向垂直于所述第一方向与所述第二方向形成的平面；所述第一磁体部和所述第二磁体部的分界面与所述第一方向形成非90度的夹角；
    所述线圈单元包括固定于所述壳体并位于所述振动单元沿所述充磁方向的至少一侧的铁芯和绕设于所述铁芯的线圈，所述线圈呈跑道型且所述线圈的长轴或短轴平行于所述分界面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述铁芯呈条状，所述铁芯的长度方向与所述线圈的长轴方向平行，所述铁芯的厚度方向与所述充磁方向平行。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述线圈单元还包括贴设于所述线圈的远离所述振动单元一侧的导磁片，所述导磁片与所述铁芯连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述导磁片设有由其周缘向内延伸的让位口，所述线圈的焊接引线经所述让位口伸出。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述振动单元还包括质量块，所述质量块设有沿所述充磁方向贯穿其上的收容通孔，所述磁钢单元收容于所述收容通孔内并形成固定，所述弹性组件与所述质量块连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述线圈单元部分位于所述收容通孔内。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述质量块呈矩形结构，包括平行于所述第一方向的短轴边和平行于所述第二方向的长轴边；所述弹性组件分别位于所述质量块沿所述第二方向的相对两侧，每一所述弹性组件包括固定于所述壳体靠近其中一所述短轴边一侧并与所述质量块间隔设置的固定臂、由所述固定臂的相对两端分别沿靠近相邻所述短轴边的方向弯折延伸的第一弹臂、由所述第一弹臂远离所述固定臂的一端沿靠近相邻所述长轴边的方向弯折延伸的第二弹臂、以及由所述第二弹臂延伸并固定于所述质量块的所述长轴边的连接臂，所述固定臂与所述第一弹臂之间的夹角为钝角，所述第一弹臂和所述第二弹臂均与所述质量块间隔形成悬空设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述线性振动电机还包括夹设于所述弹性组件与所述质量块的角部之间的阻尼件，每一所述阻尼件与对应所述弹性组件中相邻的所述第一弹臂和所述第二弹臂抵接。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括底壁、自所述底壁边缘弯折延伸的侧壁以及盖设在所述侧壁远离所述底壁一端的盖板，所述底壁、所述侧壁及所述盖板围成所述收容空间，所述线圈单元分别固定于所述底壁及所述盖板，各所述弹性组件到所述盖板之间的距离不相同。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述线性振动电机还包括固定于所述底壁与所述盖板中的至少一个的限位块，所述限位块包括与所述壳体固定并沿所述第一方向延伸的限位块本体和由所述限位块本体沿所述第二方向延伸的限位块延伸体，所述质量块设有与所述限位块延伸体配合的限位槽，所述限位块延伸体延伸至所述限位槽内。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的线性振动电机，其特征在于，所述限位块位于所述短轴边的远离与所述限位块相邻的所述固定臂的一侧。
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