WO2021120697A1 - Pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus - Google Patents

Pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021120697A1
WO2021120697A1 PCT/CN2020/113211 CN2020113211W WO2021120697A1 WO 2021120697 A1 WO2021120697 A1 WO 2021120697A1 CN 2020113211 W CN2020113211 W CN 2020113211W WO 2021120697 A1 WO2021120697 A1 WO 2021120697A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pulse
radiation
signal
detection circuit
pulse radiation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/113211
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜浩
Original Assignee
苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021120697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120697A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/18—Measuring radiation intensity with counting-tube arrangements, e.g. with Geiger counters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection, and more specifically to a pulse radiation detection circuit and device.
  • Electromagnetic radiation is mostly harmless to the human body. Ionizing radiation beyond a certain range can cause serious and irreversible damage to the human body. Therefore, detecting and preventing ionizing radiation is more important.
  • Ionizing radiation includes continuous radiation and pulsed radiation.
  • Continuous radiation is usually emitted by a radioactive source and has a long duration; pulsed radiation is commonly used in X-ray medical diagnosis, oil logging, linear accelerator security inspection machines and other applications. It has a short duration but a high dose rate. .
  • the strength of ionizing radiation is usually expressed by dose rate. Dose rate is used to reflect the radiation dose received per unit time, the unit is Gray/hour (Gy/h). In general, the larger the dose rate, the more significant the radiation effect and the higher the intensity of the radiation field.
  • the degree of harm of ionizing radiation is usually judged by monitoring the changes in the dose rate of the area where ionizing radiation occurs.
  • radiation detection devices such as matched radiation dose detectors can be used for monitoring.
  • pulsed radiation due to the short irradiation time of pulsed radiation (usually a few milliseconds) and the usually high dose rate, many problems will be encountered when monitoring.
  • the X-ray tube of CT which is commonly used in medical treatment, will be continuously turned on several times for several milliseconds, and the dose rate can reach 10Gy/h or even higher when turned on.
  • thermoluminescence dose plates when measuring this type of pulsed radiation, thermoluminescence dose plates, high-voltage ionization chambers, semiconductor detectors/Geiger tube/scintillator detectors, etc. are usually used for measurement. Among them, thermoluminescence dose plates use light. The physical method is used for radiation measurement. After the thermoluminescence dose sheet is irradiated, it is sent to the testing department for data readout using special equipment, which cannot be read immediately and is more troublesome to use; although the high-voltage ionization chamber can effectively monitor the ionizing radiation in a fixed area, However, on the one hand, the high-voltage ionization chamber is not easy to use because of its large size.
  • sensitivity represents the number of pulses output at unit dose rate, generally described by CPS/uSv/h or CPS/uGy/h, CPS is pulse Count rate
  • the sensitivity of radiation detection devices is often low; in order to improve the sensitivity of the measurement, the detection limit of the detector is often low, especially in pulsed radiation applications, in order to meet the ultra-high range
  • the upper limit for example, greater than 10Gy/h
  • only detectors with lower sensitivity cannot meet the measurement requirements of conventional weak radiation fields, resulting in measurement results that cannot truly reflect the intensity of pulsed radiation. problem.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulse radiation detection circuit and device, so as to solve the problem that a single detector in the prior art cannot measure both strong pulse radiation and weak pulse radiation.
  • the present invention provides a pulse radiation detection circuit.
  • the detection circuit includes a comparator, a counter, and a processor.
  • the input of the comparator is connected to a radiation converter and generates a second radiation signal according to the pulse radiation signal sent by the radiation converter.
  • Pulse signal the input terminal of the counter is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, the counter obtains counting data according to the second pulse signal, and the input terminal of the processor is connected to the output terminal of the counter for processing
  • the count data is characterized in that the detection circuit further includes: a delay switch and an analog-to-digital converter, the input terminal of the delay switch is connected with the output terminal of the comparator, and the delay switch is The second pulse signal generates an enable signal; the input end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the output end of the ray converter and the output end of the delay switch, and the analog-to-digital converter is connected according to the enable signal.
  • the input end of the processor is respectively connected to the output end of the delay switch and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, the processor The intensity of ionizing radiation is calculated based on the cumulative value.
  • the radiation converter includes a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device coupled with the scintillation crystal, the scintillation crystal is used for converting ionizing radiation rays into a visible light signal, and the photoelectric conversion device is used for The visible light signal is converted into a pulsed radiation signal.
  • the comparator converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal through a preset threshold.
  • the pulsed radiation signal is an electrical pulse signal.
  • the delay switch when the width of the second pulse signal is greater than the width corresponding to the three pulse radiation signals, the delay switch triggers and generates the enable signal.
  • the second pulse signal is a square wave pulse signal.
  • the enable signal is a level signal.
  • the accumulated value is an accumulated voltage value of the pulse radiation signal in one period.
  • the processor calculates the intensity of ionizing radiation by the following formula:
  • DoseRate is the dose rate
  • k is a constant
  • A is the amplitude of the single pulse radiation signal.
  • the processor is an MCU.
  • the cumulative value collected by the analog-to-digital converter is greater than (collection period/pulse width) ⁇ 2.
  • the present invention also provides a pulse radiation detection device, the detection device comprising a radiation converter and the pulse radiation detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-11, the output terminal of the radiation converter and the comparator
  • the ray converter receives ionizing radiation and converts the ionizing radiation rays into pulse radiation signals.
  • the pulse radiation detection circuit and device provided by the present invention solve the problem that a single pulse radiation detector cannot measure the strong pulse radiation field and the weak pulse radiation field at the same time, and not only has the advantage of high sensitivity, but also has the advantage of high range.
  • the present invention can also obtain pulse radiation dose rate data in real time, with short measurement period, rapid response and accurate measurement results.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of comparing the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit and the output signal of the comparator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention when the pulse radiation signal is stacked;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing flow of a pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection/connection may include electrical and/or mechanical physical connection/connection.
  • the term “include/include” refers to the existence or addition of features, steps or components/parts, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps or components/parts.
  • the term “and/or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by the present invention includes a ray converter 1, a comparator 2, a counter 3, and a processor 4.
  • the input terminal of the comparator 2 is connected with the output terminal of the ray converter 1
  • the input terminal of the counter 3 is connected with the output terminal of the comparator 2
  • the input terminal of the processor 4 is connected with the output terminal of the counter 3.
  • the pulse radiation detection circuit further includes a delay switch 5 and an analog-to-digital converter 6.
  • the input terminal of the delay switch 5 is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 2, and the output terminal of the delay switch 5 is connected to the processor 4.
  • the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 6 is connected to the output terminal of the ray converter 1 and the output terminal of the delay switch 5 respectively, and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 6 is connected to the input terminal of the processor 4.
  • the ray converter 1 is used to receive the ionizing radiation rays to be measured and convert the ionizing radiation rays into pulsed radiation signals.
  • the ionizing radiation rays may include X-rays, gamma rays, proton rays, and neutron rays.
  • the ray converter 1 may further include a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device coupled with the scintillation crystal.
  • the scintillation crystal is used to convert ionizing radiation rays into visible light signals, and the photoelectric conversion device is used to convert visible light signals into pulsed radiation signals.
  • the signal is further output through a matched electronic readout system/circuit.
  • the pulsed radiation signal is preferably in the form of an electrical pulse signal.
  • the ray converter 1 can also use ionizing radiation detectors such as semiconductor detectors, Geiger counters, and scintillator detectors.
  • the comparator 2 is used to receive the pulse radiation signal and convert the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal.
  • the second pulse signal can be a square wave signal, which can actually be a high-level signal, a square wave signal
  • the pulse width of is consistent with the width of a single pulse radiation signal, so that it is convenient to count pulse radiation signals.
  • the counter 3 is used for receiving the second pulse signal and counting the second pulse signal.
  • the processor 4 is used to receive the count data of the counter 3 and calculate the dose rate according to the count data.
  • the strength of ionizing radiation is proportional to the dose rate.
  • the dose rate is expressed by DoseRate and is proportional to the count data, so the count data can accurately reflect The strength of ionizing radiation.
  • the pulse radiation signal output by the ray converter 1 after receiving the ionizing radiation is discrete. Because the pulse radiation signal of the same ray converter 1 has a small fluctuation range, the comparator 2 After the pulse radiation signal is converted into the second pulse signal, it can be directly sent to the counter 3 for counting, and then converted into radiation intensity information by the processor 4.
  • the comparator 2 converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal. The subsequent count rate will decrease as the radiation intensity increases, and the second pulse signal cannot be used for direct counting.
  • the prior art detector cannot achieve strong ionizing radiation measurement when it meets the requirements of high sensitivity.
  • the amplitude of the second pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is still proportional to the radiation intensity.
  • the width of the second pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is relatively wide.
  • the delay switch 5 is triggered.
  • the delay switch 5 is used to receive the second pulse signal and determine whether to trigger the enable signal according to the width of the second pulse signal. For example, when the width of the second pulse signal is greater than the width of three pulse radiation signals, the enable signal is triggered, Otherwise, the enable signal is not triggered.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 6 is used to receive pulsed radiation signals according to the enable signal and measure the cumulative value of the amplitude of these pulsed radiation signals. Since the pulsed radiation signal at this time is a stacked signal, what the analog-to-digital converter 6 actually receives is pulsed radiation.
  • the cumulative value of the signal amplitude For example, when the pulsed radiation signal is an electrical pulsed radiation signal, the cumulative value is the sum of the voltage values of the pulsed radiation signals of each stack. This is because the voltage cumulative value of the pulsed radiation signal after stacking is still It is proportional to the radiation intensity, and the accumulated value can be further converted into radiation intensity.
  • the processor 4 may further receive the accumulated value from the analog-to-digital converter 6 according to the enable signal, and the processor 4 may further calculate the radiation intensity information when the pulse radiation signal is stacked according to the accumulated value. Specifically, the processor 4 may calculate the radiation intensity according to the following formula:
  • DoseRate represents the dose rate
  • k represents the conversion parameter
  • k represents the conversion parameter
  • k can be calibrated to obtain the standard radiation field
  • ⁇ A represents the cumulative value data collected by the analog-to-digital converter 6
  • A represents The amplitude of a single pulse radiation signal.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 6 has an acquisition period, which can be modified according to the actual pulse radiation field conditions to be met.
  • the acquisition period can be set to 1ms, and the processor 4 obtains the accumulated value within 1ms. Later, it will be converted into dose rate, that is, radiation intensity information.
  • the accumulated value collected by the analog-to-digital converter 6 should be greater than (collection period/pulse width) ⁇ 2.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of comparing the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit and the output signal of the comparator 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 2 that when the radiation intensity is weak, after the radiation converter 1 receives ionizing radiation, The output pulse radiation signal is discrete, that is, there is no intersection between two adjacent pulse radiation signals S1 and S2.
  • the comparator 2 directly converts the pulse radiation signals S1 and S2 into second pulse signals S1', S2 ', in the embodiment of Figure 2,
  • the second pulse signal is a digital square wave pulse signal (also known as a square wave signal)
  • the width of the digital square wave pulse signal that is, the distance between t1 ⁇ t2 or t3 ⁇ t4 ) Is consistent with the width of the pulse radiation signal exceeding the threshold of the comparator 2
  • the digital square wave pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is directly sent to the counter 3 for counting, and finally the processor 4 converts the count data into radiation intensity information.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the pulse radiation signal accumulation of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that when the pulse radiation signal accumulation occurs, after the radiation converter 1 receives ionizing radiation, its output The pulse radiation signal is continuous, that is, there is an intersection between the two adjacent pulse radiation signals S1 and S2. At this time, the increase in the density of the pulse radiation signal causes the count rate of the square wave pulse output by the comparator 2 to increase with the radiation intensity Increase and decrease, and it is no longer possible to measure by counting.
  • the number of pulse radiation signals converted by the comparator 2 is still proportional to the radiation intensity, that is, the amplitude of the second pulse signal S after the pulse stacking is still proportional to the radiation intensity, so the second pulse signal S can be measured
  • the pulse radiation signal is an electrical pulse signal
  • the amplitude of the second pulse signal S may be the current value.
  • the switch 5 triggers the enable signal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the signal processing flow of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that when the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by the present invention is working, the radiation converter 1 first converts ionizing radiation rays into pulse radiation Signal, the comparator 2 converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal and determines whether the pulse stacking phenomenon occurs; when the pulse stacking does not occur, the counter 3 directly counts according to the second pulse signal and sends the technical data to the processor 4.
  • the processor 4 calculates the radiation intensity according to the count data; when pulse stacking occurs, the delay switch 5 is triggered, and the delay switch 5 sends a trigger signal to the analog-to-digital converter 6 and the processor 4 at the same time, and the analog-to-digital converter 6 receives the enable signal
  • the signal begins to collect the cumulative value of the pulse radiation signal, and the processor receives the cumulative value after receiving the enable signal and calculates the radiation intensity based on the cumulative value.
  • the ray converter uses the coupled BGO scintillation crystal and SiPM
  • the sensitivity for Cs-137 is 100CPS/ ⁇ Gy/h
  • the pulse radiation signal width is 1uS
  • the measured count rates are shown in the following table:
  • the count rate measured by the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by this application basically maintains a one-to-one correspondence with the theoretical count rate, that is, the collection result maintains a linear relationship with the radiation intensity, which can ensure the same detector's
  • the sensitivity can meet the measurement needs of high range.
  • the present application also provides a pulse radiation detection device, which may include the pulse radiation detection circuit described in the above embodiments and other necessary detection elements connected to the pulse radiation detection circuit.
  • the ray converter, comparator, counter, processor, delay switch, and analog-to-digital converter in the detection device can realize basically the same functions or functions as those in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the pulse radiation detection device provided by the embodiments of the present application can measure both strong pulse radiation field and weak pulse radiation field at the same time. It not only has the advantage of high sensitivity, but also has the advantage of high range. It can also obtain the dose rate data of pulse radiation in real time. The measurement period is short, the response is rapid, and the measurement result is accurate.
  • the radiation converter can adopt liquid scintillators and plastic scintillators.
  • Detectors whose outputs are pulse current signals such as volume and proportional counter tubes; the functions of analog-to-digital converters can be carried out by means such as charge integration amplifier followed by analog-to-digital conversion and acquisition; counters and processors are integrated into one. That is to say, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention and the contents of the specification fall into the protection scope of the patent of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

A pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus. In the detection circuit, an input end of a comparator (2) is connected to a ray converter (1) and generates a second pulse signal according to a pulse radiation signal; an input end of a counter (3) is connected to an output end of the comparator (2) to acquire counting data; an input end of a processor (4) is connected to an output end of the counter (3) to process the counting data; an input end of a time delay switch (5) is connected to the output end of the comparator (2) to generate an enable signal; an input end of an analog-to-digital converter (6) is respectively connected to an output end of the ray converter (1) and an output end of the time delay switch (5) and receives pulse radiation signals according to the enable signal to generate the accumulated value of the pulse radiation signals; and the input end of the processor (4) is respectively connected to the output end of the time delay switch (5) and an output end of the analog-to-digital converter (6) to calculate the intensity of ionizing radiation. The detection circuit and apparatus can measure strong ionizing radiation and weak ionizing radiation at the same time, having both high sensitivity and a high measuring range, and can quickly make a response; and the measurement result is accurate.

Description

一种脉冲辐射探测电路及装置Pulse radiation detection circuit and device
本公开要求于2019年12月21日提交的中国专利申请201911331645.2的优先权，其全部内容通过援引加入本文。This disclosure claims the priority of the Chinese patent application 201911331645.2 filed on December 21, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及核辐射探测领域，更具体地涉及一种脉冲辐射探测电路及装置。The invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection, and more specifically to a pulse radiation detection circuit and device.
背景技术Background technique
随着电子工业及核技术的发展和广泛应用，人们接触到辐射的机会越来越多。辐射分为电磁辐射和电离辐射，电磁辐射大都对人体无害，电离辐射超出一定范围会对人体产生严重且不可逆的损害，因此，探测和防范电离辐射更加重要。With the development and wide application of the electronics industry and nuclear technology, people have more and more opportunities to be exposed to radiation. Radiation is divided into electromagnetic radiation and ionizing radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is mostly harmless to the human body. Ionizing radiation beyond a certain range can cause serious and irreversible damage to the human body. Therefore, detecting and preventing ionizing radiation is more important.
电离辐射包括连续辐射和脉冲辐射，连续辐射通常由放射源发出，持续时间长；脉冲辐射常见于X光医疗诊断、石油测井、直线加速器安检机等应用中，持续时间短但剂量率较高。电离辐射的强弱通常通过剂量率表示。剂量率用于反映单位时间内接受到的辐射剂量，单位为戈瑞/小时(Gy/h)。一般情况下，剂量率越大，辐射效应越显著，辐射场的强度越高。Ionizing radiation includes continuous radiation and pulsed radiation. Continuous radiation is usually emitted by a radioactive source and has a long duration; pulsed radiation is commonly used in X-ray medical diagnosis, oil logging, linear accelerator security inspection machines and other applications. It has a short duration but a high dose rate. . The strength of ionizing radiation is usually expressed by dose rate. Dose rate is used to reflect the radiation dose received per unit time, the unit is Gray/hour (Gy/h). In general, the larger the dose rate, the more significant the radiation effect and the higher the intensity of the radiation field.
对于电离辐射，通常通过监控发生电离辐射相关区域的剂量率的变化情况来判断电离辐射的危害程度。对于连续辐射的测量，由于放射源种类以及辐射剂量相对清晰稳定，采用匹配的辐射剂量检测仪等辐射探测装置进行监控即可。对于脉冲辐射的测量，由于脉冲辐射的照射时间短(通常几毫秒)并且通常剂量率较高，在进行监控时会遇到诸多问题。比如，医疗常用的CT的X光球管会连续开启几毫秒若 干次，开启时剂量率可达到10Gy/h甚至更高。现有技术在进行这类脉冲辐射的测量时，通常采用热释光剂量片、高压电离室以及半导体探测器/盖格管/闪烁体探测器等进行测量，其中，热释光剂量片使用光物理方法进行辐射测量，热释光剂量片受辐照后再送往检测部门使用特殊设备进行数据读出，无法即时读数，使用较为麻烦；高压电离室虽然能够有效监控固定区域内的电离辐射，但是高压电离室一方面尺寸较大不易使用，另一方面其采用电流积分方法测量，测量周期较长，很难满足快速响应的测量需求；半导体探测器/盖格管/闪烁体探测器等是辐射测量常用的一些探测器，但通常情况下，这些探测器不能兼顾探测强脉冲辐射和弱脉冲辐射，对于强脉冲辐射(瞬时剂量率大于100mGy/h)，探测器优先需要满足高量程，对于弱脉冲辐射(瞬时剂量率不大于100mGy/h)，探测器优先需要满足灵敏度(灵敏度表示单位剂量率时输出的脉冲数量，一般用CPS/uSv/h或CPS/uGy/h描述，CPS为脉冲计数率)，比如，为了测量高剂量率，辐射探测装置的灵敏度往往较低；为了提高测量的灵敏度，探测器的探测上限往往较低，尤其是在脉冲辐射应用中，为了满足超高的量程上限(比如大于10Gy/h)需求，只能选用灵敏度较低的探测器，但如此低灵敏度的探测器又无法满足常规弱辐射场的测量需求，造成测量结果并不能真实反映脉冲辐射强弱的问题。For ionizing radiation, the degree of harm of ionizing radiation is usually judged by monitoring the changes in the dose rate of the area where ionizing radiation occurs. For continuous radiation measurement, since the types of radioactive sources and radiation doses are relatively clear and stable, radiation detection devices such as matched radiation dose detectors can be used for monitoring. For the measurement of pulsed radiation, due to the short irradiation time of pulsed radiation (usually a few milliseconds) and the usually high dose rate, many problems will be encountered when monitoring. For example, the X-ray tube of CT, which is commonly used in medical treatment, will be continuously turned on several times for several milliseconds, and the dose rate can reach 10Gy/h or even higher when turned on. In the prior art, when measuring this type of pulsed radiation, thermoluminescence dose plates, high-voltage ionization chambers, semiconductor detectors/Geiger tube/scintillator detectors, etc. are usually used for measurement. Among them, thermoluminescence dose plates use light. The physical method is used for radiation measurement. After the thermoluminescence dose sheet is irradiated, it is sent to the testing department for data readout using special equipment, which cannot be read immediately and is more troublesome to use; although the high-voltage ionization chamber can effectively monitor the ionizing radiation in a fixed area, However, on the one hand, the high-voltage ionization chamber is not easy to use because of its large size. On the other hand, it uses the current integration method for measurement, which has a long measurement period and is difficult to meet the measurement needs of rapid response; semiconductor detectors/Geiger tube/scintillator detectors, etc. Some detectors are commonly used in radiation measurement, but under normal circumstances, these detectors cannot detect both strong pulse radiation and weak pulse radiation. For strong pulse radiation (instantaneous dose rate greater than 100mGy/h), the detector needs to meet the high range first. Weak pulse radiation (instantaneous dose rate not greater than 100mGy/h), the detector priority needs to meet sensitivity (sensitivity represents the number of pulses output at unit dose rate, generally described by CPS/uSv/h or CPS/uGy/h, CPS is pulse Count rate), for example, in order to measure high dose rates, the sensitivity of radiation detection devices is often low; in order to improve the sensitivity of the measurement, the detection limit of the detector is often low, especially in pulsed radiation applications, in order to meet the ultra-high range If the upper limit (for example, greater than 10Gy/h) is required, only detectors with lower sensitivity can be selected, but such a low-sensitivity detector cannot meet the measurement requirements of conventional weak radiation fields, resulting in measurement results that cannot truly reflect the intensity of pulsed radiation. problem.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种脉冲辐射探测电路及装置，从而解决现有技术中单一探测器无法兼顾测量强脉冲辐射和弱脉冲辐射的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulse radiation detection circuit and device, so as to solve the problem that a single detector in the prior art cannot measure both strong pulse radiation and weak pulse radiation.
本发明提供一种脉冲辐射探测电路，所述探测电路包括比较器、计数器以及处理器，所述比较器的输入端与射线转换器连接并根据所述射线转换器发送的脉冲辐射信号产生第二脉冲信号，所述计数器的 输入端与所述比较器的输出端连接，所述计数器根据所述第二脉冲信号获取计数数据，所述处理器的输入端与所述计数器的输出端连接以处理所述计数数据，其特征在于，所述探测电路还包括：延时开关以及模数转换器，所述延时开关的输入端与所述比较器的输出端连接，所述延时开关根据所述第二脉冲信号产生使能信号；所述模数转换器的输入端分别与所述射线转换器的输出端以及所述延时开关的输出端连接，所述模数转换器根据所述使能信号接收所述脉冲辐射信号并产生脉冲辐射信号的累积值，所述处理器的输入端分别与所述延时开关的输出端以及所述模数转换器的输出端连接，所述处理器根据所述累积值计算电离辐射的强度。The present invention provides a pulse radiation detection circuit. The detection circuit includes a comparator, a counter, and a processor. The input of the comparator is connected to a radiation converter and generates a second radiation signal according to the pulse radiation signal sent by the radiation converter. Pulse signal, the input terminal of the counter is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, the counter obtains counting data according to the second pulse signal, and the input terminal of the processor is connected to the output terminal of the counter for processing The count data is characterized in that the detection circuit further includes: a delay switch and an analog-to-digital converter, the input terminal of the delay switch is connected with the output terminal of the comparator, and the delay switch is The second pulse signal generates an enable signal; the input end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the output end of the ray converter and the output end of the delay switch, and the analog-to-digital converter is connected according to the enable signal. Can signal to receive the pulse radiation signal and generate the cumulative value of the pulse radiation signal, the input end of the processor is respectively connected to the output end of the delay switch and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, the processor The intensity of ionizing radiation is calculated based on the cumulative value.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述射线转换器包括闪烁晶体以及与所述闪烁晶体耦合的光电转换器件，所述闪烁晶体用于将电离辐射射线转换为可见光信号，所述光电转换器件用于将所述可见光信号转换为脉冲辐射信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation converter includes a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device coupled with the scintillation crystal, the scintillation crystal is used for converting ionizing radiation rays into a visible light signal, and the photoelectric conversion device is used for The visible light signal is converted into a pulsed radiation signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述比较器通过预设的阈值将所述脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the comparator converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal through a preset threshold.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述脉冲辐射信号为电脉冲信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pulsed radiation signal is an electrical pulse signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，当第二脉冲信号的宽度大于三个脉冲辐射信号对应的宽度时，所述延时开关触发并产生所述使能信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the width of the second pulse signal is greater than the width corresponding to the three pulse radiation signals, the delay switch triggers and generates the enable signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第二脉冲信号为方波脉冲信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second pulse signal is a square wave pulse signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述使能信号为一电平信号。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the enable signal is a level signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述累积值为一个周期内的所述脉冲辐射信号的累计电压值。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the accumulated value is an accumulated voltage value of the pulse radiation signal in one period.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器通过以下公式计算电离辐射的强度：According to an embodiment of the present invention, the processor calculates the intensity of ionizing radiation by the following formula:
DoseRate＝k*ΣA，DoseRate=k*ΣA,
其中，DoseRate为剂量率，k为常数，A为单个所述脉冲辐射信号的幅值。Wherein, DoseRate is the dose rate, k is a constant, and A is the amplitude of the single pulse radiation signal.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器为MCU。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the processor is an MCU.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述模数转换器采集的累积值大于(采集周期/脉冲宽度)×2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cumulative value collected by the analog-to-digital converter is greater than (collection period/pulse width)×2.
本发明还提供一种脉冲辐射探测装置，所述探测装置包括射线转换器以及权利要求1-11中任一项所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，所述射线转换器的输出端与所述比较器的输入端连接，所述射线转换器接收电离辐射并将电离辐射射线转换为脉冲辐射信号。The present invention also provides a pulse radiation detection device, the detection device comprising a radiation converter and the pulse radiation detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-11, the output terminal of the radiation converter and the comparator The ray converter receives ionizing radiation and converts the ionizing radiation rays into pulse radiation signals.
本发明提供的脉冲辐射探测电路及装置，解决了单一脉冲辐射探测器无法同时测量强脉冲辐射场和弱脉冲辐射场的问题，不仅具有高灵敏度的优点，而且具有高量程的优点。另外本发明还可以实时获取脉冲辐射的剂量率数据，测量周期短，反应迅速，测量结果准确。The pulse radiation detection circuit and device provided by the present invention solve the problem that a single pulse radiation detector cannot measure the strong pulse radiation field and the weak pulse radiation field at the same time, and not only has the advantage of high sensitivity, but also has the advantage of high range. In addition, the present invention can also obtain pulse radiation dose rate data in real time, with short measurement period, rapid response and accurate measurement results.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的脉冲辐射信号与比较器输出信号的比较示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of comparing the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit and the output signal of the comparator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的脉冲辐射 信号堆积时的转换示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention when the pulse radiation signal is stacked;
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的信号处理流程示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing flow of a pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合具体实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。应理解，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，当部件/零件被称为“设置在”另一个部件/零件上，它可以直接设置在另一个部件/零件上或者也可以存在居中的部件/零件。当部件/零件被称为“连接/联接”至另一个部件/零件，它可以是直接连接/联接至另一个部件/零件或者可能同时存在居中部件/零件。本文所使用的术语“连接/联接”可以包括电气和/或机械物理连接/联接。本文所使用的术语“包括/包含”指特征、步骤或部件/零件的存在，但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、步骤或部件/零件的存在或添加。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。It should be noted that when a component/part is referred to as being "disposed on" another component/part, it can be directly disposed on another component/part or there may also be a central part/part. When a component/part is referred to as being “connected/connected” to another component/part, it can be directly connected/connected to another component/part or there may be a centered component/part at the same time. The term "connection/connection" as used herein may include electrical and/or mechanical physical connection/connection. As used herein, the term "include/include" refers to the existence or addition of features, steps or components/parts, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps or components/parts. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，而并不是旨在限制本申请。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of this application. The terminology used herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the application.
另外，在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的和区别类似的对象，两者之间并不存在先后顺序，也不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to describe the purpose and distinguish similar objects. There is no order between the two, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Sex. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的结构示意图，由图1可知，本发明提供的脉冲辐射探测电路包括射线转换器1、比较器2、计数器3以及处理器4，其中，比较器2的输入端与射线 转换器1的输出端连接，计数器3的输入端与比较器2的输出端连接，处理器4的输入端与计数器3的输出端连接。进一步地，该脉冲辐射探测电路还包括延时开关5和模数转换器6，其中，延时开关5的输入端与比较器2的输出端连接，延时开关5的输出端与处理器4的输入端连接，模数转换器6的输入端分别与射线转换器1的输出端和延时开关5的输出端连接，模数转换器6的输出端与处理器4的输入端连接。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by the present invention includes a ray converter 1, a comparator 2, a counter 3, and a processor 4. The input terminal of the comparator 2 is connected with the output terminal of the ray converter 1, the input terminal of the counter 3 is connected with the output terminal of the comparator 2, and the input terminal of the processor 4 is connected with the output terminal of the counter 3. Further, the pulse radiation detection circuit further includes a delay switch 5 and an analog-to-digital converter 6. The input terminal of the delay switch 5 is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 2, and the output terminal of the delay switch 5 is connected to the processor 4. The input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 6 is connected to the output terminal of the ray converter 1 and the output terminal of the delay switch 5 respectively, and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 6 is connected to the input terminal of the processor 4.
射线转换器1用于接收待测的电离辐射射线并将电离辐射射线转换为脉冲辐射信号，电离辐射射线可以包括X射线、伽马射线、质子射线以及中子射线等。射线转换器1可以进一步包括闪烁晶体以及与闪烁晶体耦合的光电转换器件，其中，闪烁晶体用于将电离辐射射线转换为可见光信号，光电转换器件用于将可见光信号转换为脉冲辐射信号，脉冲辐射信号进一步通过匹配的电子学读出***/电路输出。脉冲辐射信号优选地为电脉冲信号的形式。射线转换器1优选地还可以采用半导体探测器、盖革计数管、闪烁体探测器等电离辐射探测器。The ray converter 1 is used to receive the ionizing radiation rays to be measured and convert the ionizing radiation rays into pulsed radiation signals. The ionizing radiation rays may include X-rays, gamma rays, proton rays, and neutron rays. The ray converter 1 may further include a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device coupled with the scintillation crystal. The scintillation crystal is used to convert ionizing radiation rays into visible light signals, and the photoelectric conversion device is used to convert visible light signals into pulsed radiation signals. The signal is further output through a matched electronic readout system/circuit. The pulsed radiation signal is preferably in the form of an electrical pulse signal. Preferably, the ray converter 1 can also use ionizing radiation detectors such as semiconductor detectors, Geiger counters, and scintillator detectors.
比较器2用于接收脉冲辐射信号并将脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号，比如，第二脉冲信号可以为方波信号，该方波信号实际上可以为一个高电平信号，方波信号的脉冲宽度与单个脉冲辐射信号的宽度保持一致，从而便于对脉冲辐射信号进行计数。The comparator 2 is used to receive the pulse radiation signal and convert the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal. For example, the second pulse signal can be a square wave signal, which can actually be a high-level signal, a square wave signal The pulse width of is consistent with the width of a single pulse radiation signal, so that it is convenient to count pulse radiation signals.
计数器3用于接收第二脉冲信号并对第二脉冲信号进行计数。The counter 3 is used for receiving the second pulse signal and counting the second pulse signal.
处理器4用于接收计数器3的计数数据并根据计数数据计算剂量率，通常电离辐射的强弱与剂量率成正比，剂量率用DoseRate表示并且与计数数据成正比，因此通过计数数据可以准确反映电离辐射的强弱。The processor 4 is used to receive the count data of the counter 3 and calculate the dose rate according to the count data. Generally, the strength of ionizing radiation is proportional to the dose rate. The dose rate is expressed by DoseRate and is proportional to the count data, so the count data can accurately reflect The strength of ionizing radiation.
通常情况下，当电离辐射强度较弱时，射线转换器1接收到电离 辐射后输出的脉冲辐射信号是离散的，由于同一射线转换器1的脉冲辐射信号的宽度波动范围较小，比较器2将脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号后可以直接发送至计数器3进行计数，然后通过处理器4转换为辐射强度信息。当电离辐射较强时，射线转换器1接收到电离辐射后输出的脉冲辐射信号的密度会提高，导致出现脉冲辐射信号堆叠的现象，此时比较器2将脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号后的计数率会随着辐射强度的增加而降低，无法使用第二脉冲信号直接进行计数，这正是现有技术的探测器在满足高灵敏度要求时无法实现强电离辐射测量的原因。当出现脉冲辐射信号堆叠时，比较器2输出的第二脉冲信号的幅值依然与辐射强度成正比，此时比较器2输出的第二脉冲信号的宽度比较宽，优选地，当第二脉冲信号的宽度大于三个脉冲辐射信号对应的宽度时，触发延时开关5。Normally, when the intensity of ionizing radiation is weak, the pulse radiation signal output by the ray converter 1 after receiving the ionizing radiation is discrete. Because the pulse radiation signal of the same ray converter 1 has a small fluctuation range, the comparator 2 After the pulse radiation signal is converted into the second pulse signal, it can be directly sent to the counter 3 for counting, and then converted into radiation intensity information by the processor 4. When the ionizing radiation is strong, the density of the pulse radiation signal output by the ray converter 1 after receiving the ionizing radiation will increase, resulting in the phenomenon of pulse radiation signal stacking. At this time, the comparator 2 converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal. The subsequent count rate will decrease as the radiation intensity increases, and the second pulse signal cannot be used for direct counting. This is the reason why the prior art detector cannot achieve strong ionizing radiation measurement when it meets the requirements of high sensitivity. When the pulse radiation signal is stacked, the amplitude of the second pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is still proportional to the radiation intensity. At this time, the width of the second pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is relatively wide. Preferably, when the second pulse When the width of the signal is greater than the width corresponding to the three pulse radiation signals, the delay switch 5 is triggered.
延时开关5用于接收第二脉冲信号并根据第二脉冲信号的宽度判断是否触发使能信号，比如，当第二脉冲信号的宽度大于三个脉冲辐射信号的宽度时，触发使能信号，否则不触发使能信号。The delay switch 5 is used to receive the second pulse signal and determine whether to trigger the enable signal according to the width of the second pulse signal. For example, when the width of the second pulse signal is greater than the width of three pulse radiation signals, the enable signal is triggered, Otherwise, the enable signal is not triggered.
模数转换器6用于根据使能信号接收脉冲辐射信号并测量这些脉冲辐射信号幅值的累积值，由于此时的脉冲辐射信号为堆叠信号，模数转换器6实际接收到的是脉冲辐射信号幅值的累积值，比如当脉冲辐射信号为电脉冲辐射信号时，该累积值即为各个堆叠的脉冲辐射信号的电压值之和，这是因为发生堆叠后脉冲辐射信号的电压累积值依然与辐射强度成正比，将该累计值进一步转换为辐射强度即可。The analog-to-digital converter 6 is used to receive pulsed radiation signals according to the enable signal and measure the cumulative value of the amplitude of these pulsed radiation signals. Since the pulsed radiation signal at this time is a stacked signal, what the analog-to-digital converter 6 actually receives is pulsed radiation. The cumulative value of the signal amplitude. For example, when the pulsed radiation signal is an electrical pulsed radiation signal, the cumulative value is the sum of the voltage values of the pulsed radiation signals of each stack. This is because the voltage cumulative value of the pulsed radiation signal after stacking is still It is proportional to the radiation intensity, and the accumulated value can be further converted into radiation intensity.
处理器4进一步地可以根据使能信号接收来自于模数转换器6的累积值，处理器4进一步根据该累积值计算脉冲辐射信号堆叠时的辐射强度信息。具体地，处理器4可以根据以下公式计算辐射强度：The processor 4 may further receive the accumulated value from the analog-to-digital converter 6 according to the enable signal, and the processor 4 may further calculate the radiation intensity information when the pulse radiation signal is stacked according to the accumulated value. Specifically, the processor 4 may calculate the radiation intensity according to the following formula:
DoseRate＝k*ΣA，DoseRate=k*ΣA,
其中，DoseRate表示剂量率，k表示转换参数，当探测器、射线转换器和电路确定后，k可以采用标准辐射场进行标定获取，ΣA表示模数转换器6所采集的累积值数据，A表示单个脉冲辐射信号的幅值。Among them, DoseRate represents the dose rate, k represents the conversion parameter, when the detector, radiation converter and circuit are determined, k can be calibrated to obtain the standard radiation field, ΣA represents the cumulative value data collected by the analog-to-digital converter 6, A represents The amplitude of a single pulse radiation signal.
通常情况下，模数转换器6具有采集周期，该采集周期可以根据实际要满足的脉冲辐射场的情况进行修改，比如，该采集周期可以设置为1ms，处理器4获取该1ms内的累积值以后将其转换为剂量率，即辐射强度信息。优选地，模数转换器6采集的累积值应大于(采集周期/脉冲宽度)×2。Normally, the analog-to-digital converter 6 has an acquisition period, which can be modified according to the actual pulse radiation field conditions to be met. For example, the acquisition period can be set to 1ms, and the processor 4 obtains the accumulated value within 1ms. Later, it will be converted into dose rate, that is, radiation intensity information. Preferably, the accumulated value collected by the analog-to-digital converter 6 should be greater than (collection period/pulse width)×2.
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的脉冲辐射信号与比较器2输出信号的比较示意图，由图2可知，当辐射强度较弱时，射线转换器1接收到电离辐射后，其输出的脉冲辐射信号是离散的，即相邻两个脉冲辐射信号S1、S2之间没有交集，此时，比较器2直接将脉冲辐射信号S1、S2转换为第二脉冲信号S1'、S2'，在图2的实施例中，该第二脉冲信号为数字方波脉冲信号(又称为方波信号)，数字方波脉冲信号的宽度(即t1～t2或者t3～t4之间的间距)和超过比较器2阈值的脉冲辐射信号的宽度一致，比较器2输出的数字方波脉冲信号直接发送给计数器3实现计数，最后由处理器4将计数数据转换为辐射强度信息。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of comparing the pulse radiation signal of the pulse radiation detection circuit and the output signal of the comparator 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 2 that when the radiation intensity is weak, after the radiation converter 1 receives ionizing radiation, The output pulse radiation signal is discrete, that is, there is no intersection between two adjacent pulse radiation signals S1 and S2. At this time, the comparator 2 directly converts the pulse radiation signals S1 and S2 into second pulse signals S1', S2 ', in the embodiment of Figure 2, the second pulse signal is a digital square wave pulse signal (also known as a square wave signal), the width of the digital square wave pulse signal (that is, the distance between t1 ~ t2 or t3 ~ t4 ) Is consistent with the width of the pulse radiation signal exceeding the threshold of the comparator 2, the digital square wave pulse signal output by the comparator 2 is directly sent to the counter 3 for counting, and finally the processor 4 converts the count data into radiation intensity information.
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的脉冲辐射信号堆积时的转换示意图，由图3可知，当发生脉冲辐射信号堆积时，射线转换器1接收到电离辐射后，其输出的脉冲辐射信号是连续不断的，即相邻两个脉冲辐射信号S1、S2之间有交集，此时，脉冲辐射信号的密度提高导致比较器2输出的方波脉冲的计数率随着辐射强度的增加而降低，已无法使用计数的方式进行测量。但是此时，比较 器2转换的脉冲辐射信号的数量仍与辐射强度成正比，即脉冲堆叠后的第二脉冲信号S的幅值依然与辐射强度成正比，因而可以通过测量第二脉冲信号S的幅值间接测量辐射强度。比如，当脉冲辐射信号为电脉冲信号时，第二脉冲信号S的幅值可以为电流值，当发生脉冲堆叠时，比较器2输出的第二脉冲信号S的高电平时间增加，导致延时开关5触发使能信号。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the pulse radiation signal accumulation of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that when the pulse radiation signal accumulation occurs, after the radiation converter 1 receives ionizing radiation, its output The pulse radiation signal is continuous, that is, there is an intersection between the two adjacent pulse radiation signals S1 and S2. At this time, the increase in the density of the pulse radiation signal causes the count rate of the square wave pulse output by the comparator 2 to increase with the radiation intensity Increase and decrease, and it is no longer possible to measure by counting. But at this time, the number of pulse radiation signals converted by the comparator 2 is still proportional to the radiation intensity, that is, the amplitude of the second pulse signal S after the pulse stacking is still proportional to the radiation intensity, so the second pulse signal S can be measured The amplitude of indirectly measures the radiation intensity. For example, when the pulse radiation signal is an electrical pulse signal, the amplitude of the second pulse signal S may be the current value. When pulse stacking occurs, the high level time of the second pulse signal S output by the comparator 2 increases, resulting in delay. When the switch 5 triggers the enable signal.
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的脉冲辐射探测电路的信号处理流程示意图，由图4可知，本发明提供的脉冲辐射探测电路在工作时，射线转换器1首先将电离辐射射线转换为脉冲辐射信号，比较器2将脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号并判断是否发生脉冲堆叠现象；当未发生脉冲堆叠时，计数器3直接根据第二脉冲信号进行计数并将技术数据发送至处理器4，处理器4根据计数数据计算辐射强度；当发生脉冲堆叠时，触发延时开关5，延时开关5同时向模数转换器6和处理器4发出触发信号，模数转换器6接收使能信号号开始采集脉冲辐射信号的累积值，处理器接收到使能信号后接收累积值并根据累积值计算辐射强度。4 is a schematic diagram of the signal processing flow of the pulse radiation detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that when the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by the present invention is working, the radiation converter 1 first converts ionizing radiation rays into pulse radiation Signal, the comparator 2 converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal and determines whether the pulse stacking phenomenon occurs; when the pulse stacking does not occur, the counter 3 directly counts according to the second pulse signal and sends the technical data to the processor 4. The processor 4 calculates the radiation intensity according to the count data; when pulse stacking occurs, the delay switch 5 is triggered, and the delay switch 5 sends a trigger signal to the analog-to-digital converter 6 and the processor 4 at the same time, and the analog-to-digital converter 6 receives the enable signal The signal begins to collect the cumulative value of the pulse radiation signal, and the processor receives the cumulative value after receiving the enable signal and calculates the radiation intensity based on the cumulative value.
下面结合一个具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行进一步说明。当射线转换器采用相互耦合的BGO闪烁晶体和SiPM时，对于Cs-137其灵敏度为100CPS/μGy/h，脉冲辐射信号的宽度为1uS，测量所得的不同计数率如下表所示：The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. When the ray converter uses the coupled BGO scintillation crystal and SiPM, the sensitivity for Cs-137 is 100CPS/μGy/h, the pulse radiation signal width is 1uS, and the measured count rates are shown in the following table:
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000002
由上表可知，采用计数方式进行测量时，随辐射强度的增加，测量计数率值CPS 2呈现非线性，其并不随辐射强度等比例增加，这是因为脉冲辐射信号发生了堆叠，多个脉冲辐射信号堆积在一起变为一个脉冲，引起了测量的偏差非线性。当采用本申请提供的脉冲辐射探测电路进行采集后，相应的计数率如下表所示： It can be seen from the above table that when the counting method is used for measurement, as the radiation intensity increases, the measured count rate value CPS 2 is nonlinear, and it does not increase proportionally to the radiation intensity. This is because the pulse radiation signal is stacked and multiple pulses The radiation signals are stacked together to become a pulse, causing the deviation of the measurement to be nonlinear. When the pulse radiation detection circuit provided in this application is used for collection, the corresponding count rate is shown in the following table:
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020113211-appb-000003
通过上表可以发现，本申请提供的脉冲辐射探测电路所测量的计数率基本与理论计数率保持了一一对应，即采集结果与辐射强度保持了线性对应的关系，既能够保证同一探测器的灵敏度又能够满足高量程的测量需要。From the above table, it can be found that the count rate measured by the pulse radiation detection circuit provided by this application basically maintains a one-to-one correspondence with the theoretical count rate, that is, the collection result maintains a linear relationship with the radiation intensity, which can ensure the same detector's The sensitivity can meet the measurement needs of high range.
本申请还提供了一种脉冲辐射探测装置，该探测装置可以包括上面实施例中描述的脉冲辐射探测电路以及与脉冲辐射探测电路连接的其它必要探测元件。探测装置中的射线转换器、比较器、计数器、 处理器、延时开关以及模数转换器等可以与上述各实施例中实现基本相同的功能或作用，关于其它探测元件的详细描述可以参照现有技术中的相关描述，在此不再赘叙。The present application also provides a pulse radiation detection device, which may include the pulse radiation detection circuit described in the above embodiments and other necessary detection elements connected to the pulse radiation detection circuit. The ray converter, comparator, counter, processor, delay switch, and analog-to-digital converter in the detection device can realize basically the same functions or functions as those in the above-mentioned embodiments. For detailed description of other detection elements, please refer to the current There are related descriptions in the technology, so I won't repeat them here.
通过本申请实施例提供的脉冲辐射探测装置，可以同时测量强脉冲辐射场和弱脉冲辐射场，不仅具有高灵敏度的优点，而且具有高量程的优点，还可以实时获取脉冲辐射的剂量率数据，测量周期短，反应迅速，测量结果准确。The pulse radiation detection device provided by the embodiments of the present application can measure both strong pulse radiation field and weak pulse radiation field at the same time. It not only has the advantage of high sensitivity, but also has the advantage of high range. It can also obtain the dose rate data of pulse radiation in real time. The measurement period is short, the response is rapid, and the measurement result is accurate.
以上所述的，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围，本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化，比如射线转换器可以采用液体闪烁体、塑料闪烁体、正比计数管等输出为脉冲电流信号的探测器；模数转换器的功能可以通过诸如电荷积分放大器后再进行模数转换采集等方式进行；计数器与处理器集成为一体等。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰，皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention. For example, the radiation converter can adopt liquid scintillators and plastic scintillators. Detectors whose outputs are pulse current signals such as volume and proportional counter tubes; the functions of analog-to-digital converters can be carried out by means such as charge integration amplifier followed by analog-to-digital conversion and acquisition; counters and processors are integrated into one. That is to say, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention and the contents of the specification fall into the protection scope of the patent of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Claims (12)

  1. 一种脉冲辐射探测电路，所述探测电路包括比较器、计数器以及处理器，所述比较器的输入端与射线转换器连接并根据所述射线转换器发送的脉冲辐射信号产生第二脉冲信号，所述计数器的输入端与所述比较器的输出端连接，所述计数器根据所述第二脉冲信号获取计数数据，所述处理器的输入端与所述计数器的输出端连接以处理所述计数数据，其特征在于，所述探测电路还包括：A pulse radiation detection circuit. The detection circuit includes a comparator, a counter and a processor. The input of the comparator is connected to a radiation converter and generates a second pulse signal according to the pulse radiation signal sent by the radiation converter, The input terminal of the counter is connected with the output terminal of the comparator, the counter obtains counting data according to the second pulse signal, and the input terminal of the processor is connected with the output terminal of the counter to process the counting Data, characterized in that the detection circuit further includes:
    延时开关，所述延时开关的输入端与所述比较器的输出端连接，所述延时开关根据所述第二脉冲信号产生使能信号；以及A delay switch, the input terminal of the delay switch is connected to the output terminal of the comparator, and the delay switch generates an enable signal according to the second pulse signal; and
    模数转换器，所述模数转换器的输入端分别与所述射线转换器的输出端以及所述延时开关的输出端连接，所述模数转换器根据所述使能信号接收所述脉冲辐射信号并产生脉冲辐射信号的累积值，所述处理器的输入端分别与所述延时开关的输出端以及所述模数转换器的输出端连接，所述处理器根据所述累积值计算电离辐射的强度。An analog-to-digital converter, the input end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the output end of the ray converter and the output end of the delay switch, and the analog-to-digital converter receives the Pulse radiation signal and generate the cumulative value of the pulse radiation signal, the input terminal of the processor is respectively connected with the output terminal of the delay switch and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter, and the processor is based on the cumulative value Calculate the intensity of ionizing radiation.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述射线转换器包括闪烁晶体以及与所述闪烁晶体耦合的光电转换器件，所述闪烁晶体用于将电离辐射射线转换为可见光信号，所述光电转换器件用于将所述可见光信号转换为脉冲辐射信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the radiation converter comprises a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device coupled with the scintillation crystal, and the scintillation crystal is used to convert ionizing radiation rays into visible light signals The photoelectric conversion device is used to convert the visible light signal into a pulsed radiation signal.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述比较器通过预设的阈值将所述脉冲辐射信号转换为第二脉冲信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the comparator converts the pulse radiation signal into a second pulse signal through a preset threshold.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述脉冲辐射信号为电脉冲信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pulse radiation signal is an electrical pulse signal.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，当第二脉冲信号的宽度大于三个脉冲辐射信号对应的宽度时，所述延时开关触发并产生所述使能信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein when the width of the second pulse signal is greater than the width corresponding to the three pulse radiation signals, the delay switch triggers and generates the enable signal.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述第二脉冲信号为方波脉冲信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second pulse signal is a square wave pulse signal.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述使能信号为一电平信号。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the enable signal is a level signal.
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述累积值为一个周期内的所述脉冲辐射信号的累计电压值。4. The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the cumulative value is a cumulative voltage value of the pulse radiation signal in one period.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述处理器通过以下公式计算电离辐射的强度：The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 8, wherein the processor calculates the intensity of ionizing radiation by the following formula:
    DoseRate＝k*ΣA，DoseRate=k*ΣA,
    其中，DoseRate为剂量率，k为常数，A为单个所述脉冲辐射信号的幅值。Wherein, DoseRate is the dose rate, k is a constant, and A is the amplitude of the single pulse radiation signal.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述处理器为MCU。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the processor is an MCU.
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，其特征在于，所述模数转换器采集的累积值大于(采集周期/脉冲宽度)×2。The pulse radiation detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the cumulative value collected by the analog-to-digital converter is greater than (collection period/pulse width)×2.
  12. 一种脉冲辐射探测装置，其特征在于，所述探测装置包括射线转换器以及权利要求1-11中任一项所述的脉冲辐射探测电路，所述射线转换器的输出端与所述比较器的输入端连接，所述射线转换器接收电离辐射并将电离辐射射线转换为脉冲辐射信号。A pulse radiation detection device, characterized in that the detection device comprises a radiation converter and the pulse radiation detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-11, and the output terminal of the radiation converter and the comparator The ray converter receives ionizing radiation and converts the ionizing radiation rays into pulse radiation signals.
PCT/CN2020/113211 2019-12-21 2020-09-03 Pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus WO2021120697A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911331645.2 2019-12-21
CN201911331645.2A CN111175804B (en) 2019-12-21 2019-12-21 Pulse radiation detection circuit and device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021120697A1 true WO2021120697A1 (en) 2021-06-24

Family

ID=70650395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/113211 WO2021120697A1 (en) 2019-12-21 2020-09-03 Pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111175804B (en)
WO (1) WO2021120697A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114152992A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-08 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for blockage of feed hopper of spent fuel dissolver
CN114188050A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-15 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for undissolved fuel ratio of spent fuel dissolver
CN116859438A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-10-10 黑龙江省原子能研究院 Instantaneous weak radiation signal detection device and method thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111175804B (en) * 2019-12-21 2022-08-05 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 Pulse radiation detection circuit and device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102707308A (en) * 2012-06-24 2012-10-03 吴雪梅 Single-GM counting tube wide-range radiation detection method
CN103529470A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-22 东南大学 Nuclear radiation detecting system and method applied to security check field
CN106353788A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-01-25 成都理工大学 Analog digital mixed pulse amplitude analyzer and analysis technology thereof
US20170238883A1 (en) * 2014-10-30 2017-08-24 Sogang University Research Foundation Signal processing system and method for medical imaging system using multi threshold voltage
CN108008438A (en) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-08 上海东软医疗科技有限公司 The measuring device and method of a kind of ray energy
CN109936360A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-25 苏州瑞迈斯医疗科技有限公司 Pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system
CN111175804A (en) * 2019-12-21 2020-05-19 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 Pulse radiation detection circuit and device

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4677300A (en) * 1984-08-03 1987-06-30 Harshaw/Filtrol Partnership Radiation detection and acquisition system
FR2951036A1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-08 Commissariat Energie Atomique DEVICE FOR PROCESSING A SIGNAL DELIVERED BY A RADIATION DETECTOR
JP5555660B2 (en) * 2011-04-28 2014-07-23 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 Radiation measurement apparatus and method
CN211979206U (en) * 2019-12-21 2020-11-20 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 Pulse radiation detection circuit and device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102707308A (en) * 2012-06-24 2012-10-03 吴雪梅 Single-GM counting tube wide-range radiation detection method
CN103529470A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-22 东南大学 Nuclear radiation detecting system and method applied to security check field
US20170238883A1 (en) * 2014-10-30 2017-08-24 Sogang University Research Foundation Signal processing system and method for medical imaging system using multi threshold voltage
CN106353788A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-01-25 成都理工大学 Analog digital mixed pulse amplitude analyzer and analysis technology thereof
CN108008438A (en) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-08 上海东软医疗科技有限公司 The measuring device and method of a kind of ray energy
CN109936360A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-25 苏州瑞迈斯医疗科技有限公司 Pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system
CN111175804A (en) * 2019-12-21 2020-05-19 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 Pulse radiation detection circuit and device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114152992A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-08 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for blockage of feed hopper of spent fuel dissolver
CN114188050A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-15 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for undissolved fuel ratio of spent fuel dissolver
CN114152992B (en) * 2021-12-01 2024-04-26 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for blockage of feed hopper of spent fuel dissolver
CN114188050B (en) * 2021-12-01 2024-05-07 中国核电工程有限公司 Passive monitoring method and system for undissolved fuel ratio of spent fuel dissolver
CN116859438A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-10-10 黑龙江省原子能研究院 Instantaneous weak radiation signal detection device and method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111175804B (en) 2022-08-05
CN111175804A (en) 2020-05-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021120697A1 (en) Pulse radiation detection circuit and apparatus
US7737401B2 (en) Radiation measurement using multiple parameters
US4217497A (en) Portable instrument for measuring neutron energy spectra and neutron dose in a mixed n-γ field
CN111913205A (en) Nuclear emergency multifunctional portable radiation monitoring system and monitoring method
CN104076385A (en) Gamma ray radiation quantity detection device and detection method thereof
JP5487173B2 (en) Radionuclide analyzer and its coincidence coincidence suppression method
CN211979206U (en) Pulse radiation detection circuit and device
RU2657296C2 (en) Method for measuring the dose by means of radiation detector, in particular, x-ray or gamma-ray radiation detector used in spectroscopic mode, and dose measuring system using the said method
CN109143319A (en) Utilize CeF3Scintillator reduces the neutron detection method and apparatus of gamma-rays interference
JP4151935B2 (en) Radiation measurement equipment
JP2020071120A (en) Radiation detector
JPH01134291A (en) Scintillation type dose rate meter
CN212515056U (en) Nuclear emergency multifunctional portable radiation monitoring system
JPH068859B2 (en) Device for measuring β-radionuclide content in food
Moulton et al. Fast neutron detector
JP2001194460A (en) Radiation monitor
CN109143317A (en) The neutron detection method and apparatus of gamma-rays interference is reduced using CsI scintillator
RU2751458C1 (en) Method for measuring intensity of radiation of unknown composition
KR102244538B1 (en) Wideband Radiation Measurement Sensors and Devices and Systems Using them
Hsu et al. Skin dose measurement with microspec-2TM
KR101192175B1 (en) Energy Calibration Method of Gamma Ray Scintillation Counter
CN109143315A (en) The neutron detection method of gamma-rays interference is reduced using GM counting tube
CN216209952U (en) Radiation protection equipment with monitoring point positioning function
CN210270182U (en) Energy response adjusting circuit of scintillation detector
JPH07306267A (en) Radiation measuring equipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20901017

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20901017

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1