WO2021117978A1 - High-sensitivity uwb impulse radar and radio transceiver - Google Patents

High-sensitivity uwb impulse radar and radio transceiver Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021117978A1
WO2021117978A1 PCT/KR2020/001362 KR2020001362W WO2021117978A1 WO 2021117978 A1 WO2021117978 A1 WO 2021117978A1 KR 2020001362 W KR2020001362 W KR 2020001362W WO 2021117978 A1 WO2021117978 A1 WO 2021117978A1
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signal
impulse
sensitivity
mixer
controlled oscillator
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PCT/KR2020/001362
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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어윤성
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실리콘알엔디(주)
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Priority claimed from KR1020200008248A external-priority patent/KR20210074976A/en
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Publication of WO2021117978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021117978A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/717—Pulse-related aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-sensitivity impulse radar and radio transceiver with greatly improved receiver sensitivity, and more particularly, to a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver that is a synchronous receiver in fact and has a high reception gain and is strong against noise is about
  • a very short impulse signal with a width of several ns is transmitted and received, and the waveform of the impulse signal must be sampled at a very high speed to obtain meaningful data. That is, high-speed sampling of several GHz or higher is required.
  • an equivalent time sampling method which is equivalent high-speed sampling, is used.
  • a signal including a carrier component or an envelope signal from which a carrier component is removed is used.
  • a receiver for generating an envelope signal like the conventional self-mixing method, there is a structure in which a received signal is multiplied by itself in a mixer to create an envelope signal from which the carrier component is removed, but in this case The gain of the receiver is small.
  • the output signal is very small for very small received power due to the characteristic that the size of the receiver output is proportional to the square of the input power by self-multiplication, which leads to a decrease in sensitivity.
  • a signal reflected from a distant target or a signal received from a far-off transmitter is very small in size, making it difficult to obtain an output signal from the receiver, resulting in reduced reception sensitivity and reduced detection range. occurs
  • 1 is an example of a self-mixing type UWB radar and radio impulse transceiver.
  • the impulse transceiver of the self-mixing structure shown in FIG. 1 does not require a local oscillator (LO) inside the receiver, is strong against noise, and has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
  • LO local oscillator
  • an LO signal from an oscillator or a frequency synthesizer is switched to generate an impulse signal with a short pulse width of ns class, amplified, and then transmitted.
  • the reflected small impulse signal passes through a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and an RF amplifier (RF AMP) and passes through a self-mixing envelope detector (ENV) that multiplies the received signal by itself in the mixer. do.
  • LNA low-noise amplifier
  • RF AMP RF amplifier
  • ESV self-mixing envelope detector
  • the amplitude of the envelope signal is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the input impulse signal.
  • the magnitude of the output envelope signal becomes smaller due to the square characteristic and it is difficult to detect. That is, in the case of the radar, in the case of a signal reflected from a distant object, the received signal is very small, so it is impossible to detect it, so that the reception sensitivity is lowered and the detection distance is shortened.
  • impulse transceiver structures have a problem in that it is difficult to obtain high gain and sensitivity in the receiver due to DC offset or circuit problems.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver that can solve the above-described problem of sensitivity degradation.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver capable of solving the problems of deterioration in reception sensitivity and reduction in detection distance.
  • a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver includes a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an LO signal, and generates an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and the impulse signal a transmitter for transmitting a receiving unit including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returning from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband envelope signal and outputting the received impulse signal; and an LO signal providing unit providing the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitting unit to the mixer of the receiving unit, wherein the mixer of the receiving unit mixes the received impulse signal with the LO signal Outputs an envelope signal.
  • the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO provided to the mixer Since the signal is multiplied by a received signal having a relatively small magnitude, the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained.
  • a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver includes a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an LO signal, and generates an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and the impulse signal a transmitter for transmitting a receiver including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returning from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal; and an IQ LO generator that receives the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitter and generates an I LO signal and a Q LO signal, and provides the generated I LO signal and Q LO signal to the mixer of the receiver and an LO signal providing unit, wherein the mixer of the receiving unit mixes the received impulse signal and the I LO signal to output the I envelope signal, and mixes the received impulse signal and the Q LO signal.
  • the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO provided to the mixer The signal is multiplied by a relatively small received signal, so that the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. have.
  • the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, so that it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO signal provided to the mixer is multiplied by a relatively small received signal, so that the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. That is, in the case of radar, even a small received signal reflected from a distant target or object has a significant gain, so that it can be detected as a sufficient receiver output signal.
  • I LO and Q LO which are quadrature LO signals, which are 90 degrees out of phase with the LO signal in the receiver's mixer, are made separately and multiplied by the mixer to obtain I and Q signals from the baseband to obtain the signal amplitude and phase information at the same time.
  • I and Q LO quadrature LO signals, which are 90 degrees out of phase with the LO signal in the receiver's mixer
  • I and Q signals are made separately and multiplied by the mixer to obtain I and Q signals from the baseband to obtain the signal amplitude and phase information at the same time.
  • 1 is an example of a self-mixing type UWB radar and radio impulse transceiver.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows the difference in reception gain and detection distance between the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. graphs that show
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • LO signals such as a variable oscillator or a frequency synthesizer used in the transmitter as it is in the mixer of the receiver It has a structure to increase the reception gain by providing
  • the LO signal generated by the transmitter since it is used as it is as the LO signal to the receiver's mixer, it becomes a coherent receiver and the reception gain is also relatively larger than the received impulse signal. Since it is multiplied by the impulse signal, the gain is maintained even if the magnitude of the received impulse signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. That is, in the case of radar, even a small received signal reflected from a distant target or object has a significant gain, so that it can be detected by obtaining a sufficient receiver output signal.
  • the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver is a basis by multiplying the LO signal in the mixer of the receiver by separately making I LO and Q LO, which are quadrature LO signals out of phase by 90 degrees, to the mixer.
  • phase information can be obtained at the same time as the signal amplitude by obtaining I and Q signals in the band.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 can solve the above-mentioned problems of deterioration of reception sensitivity and deterioration of detection range.
  • a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver includes a transmitter 210 , an LO signal provider 230 , and a receiver 250 .
  • the transmitter 210 generates an impulse signal and provides it to an antenna.
  • the transmitter 210 includes a voltage-controlled oscillator 211 that outputs an LO signal.
  • the transmitter 210 may generate an impulse signal by processing the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the transmitter 210 may generate a short impulse signal of several ns by switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the transmitter 210 may include a first switch SW1 for switching the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the first switch SW1 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 .
  • the timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the first switch SW1 in the first time period T1 .
  • the transmitter 210 may further include a first amplifier 213 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the first switch SW1 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the transmitter 210 may further include a second amplifier 215 disposed between the first switch SW1 and an antenna (not shown) to amplify the impulse signal output from the first switch SW1 .
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 provides the LO signal from the transmitting unit 210 to the receiving unit 250 . Specifically, the LO signal providing unit 230 provides the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 of the transmitting unit 210 to the mixer 253 of the receiving unit 250 .
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 may include a second switch SW2 for switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the second switch SW2 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 .
  • the timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the second switch SW2 in a second time period T2 different from the first time period T1 .
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 may further include a first amplifier 233 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the second switch SW2 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 . .
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 may further include a second amplifier 215 disposed between the second switch SW2 and the mixer 253 to amplify the LO signal output from the second switch SW2 .
  • the receiver 250 receives an impulse signal through an antenna (not shown), down-converts the received impulse signal, and outputs an envelope of the impulse signal.
  • the receiver 250 includes a mixer 253 for down-converting the received impulse signal.
  • the mixer 253 receives the impulse signal from the antenna (not shown) and the LO signal from the LO signal providing unit 230 to output a base band signal (envelope signal).
  • a base band signal envelope signal
  • the receiver 250 is disposed between the antenna (not shown) and the mixer 253 to low-noise amplify the impulse signal received from the antenna (not shown) and provides the low-noise amplifier 251 to the mixer 253.
  • the receiver 250 may include an amplifier 255 amplifying the envelope signal output from the mixer 253 .
  • the receiver 250 may include a low-pass filter 257 for low-pass filtering the amplified envelope signal output from the amplifier 255 .
  • the receiver 250 may include an analog-to-digital converter 259 that converts the filtered envelope signal output from the low-pass filter 257 into a digital signal.
  • FIG. 3 shows the difference in reception gain and detection distance between the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. graphs that show
  • the input reception of the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is received. It shows the magnitude of the receiver output signal compared to the power.
  • the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the output and gain of the receiver larger than the transceiver of the self-mixing method can be obtained. This means that, as shown in the graph on the right of FIG. 3 , the gain increases at a long distance, so that the output power of the receiver increases and detection becomes possible.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver includes a transmitter 210 , an LO signal provider 230 ′, and a receiver 250 ′.
  • the transmitter 210 is the same as the transmitter 210 of the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 , the detailed description thereof is replaced with the above.
  • the LO signal providing unit 230' receives the LO signal from the transmitter 210, generates an I LO signal (I LO) and a Q LO signal (Q LO) from the received LO signal, and provides it to the receiver 250' do.
  • the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 switches and amplifies the LO signal received from the transmitter 210 to provide one LO signal to the receiver 250, but FIG.
  • the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 switches, amplifies, and generates an IQ signal by switching the LO signal received from the transmitter 210 to receive an I LO signal and two Q LO signals. (250').
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 ′ may include a second switch SW2 for switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
  • the second switch SW2 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 .
  • the timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the second switch SW2 in a second time period T2 different from the first time period T1 .
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 ′ may further include a first amplifier 233 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the second switch SW2 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 . have.
  • the LO signal providing unit 230 ′ is disposed between the second switch SW2 and the mixers 253I and 253Q and receives the LO signal output from the second switch SW2 to generate an I LO signal and a Q LO signal. It may further include an IQ LO generator 237 .
  • the receiver 250' receives an impulse signal through an antenna (not shown), down-converts the received impulse signal, and outputs an I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal of the impulse signal.
  • the receiver 250' includes mixers 253I and 253Q for down-converting the received impulse signal to generate an I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal.
  • the mixers 253I and 253Q receive an impulse signal from the antenna (not shown) and an I LO signal from the LO signal providing unit 230' to output a baseband I signal (I envelope signal).
  • the receiving unit 250' multiplies the relatively large I LO signal or Q LO signal and the received impulse signal having a small size, compared to the self-mixing method shown in FIG. Since a gain can be obtained, an envelope signal of sufficient size can be output, and detection is possible from the output envelope signal. In addition, there is an advantage that both magnitude and phase information can be obtained with the output of the I and Q envelope signals.
  • the receiver 250' is disposed between the antenna (not shown) and the mixers 253I and 253Q to amplify the impulse signal received from the antenna (not shown) to low noise and provide the low noise amplifier 251 to the mixers 253I and 253Q.
  • LNA may be included.
  • the receiver 250' may include amplifiers 255I and 255Q for amplifying the I and Q envelope signals output from the mixers 253I and 253Q.
  • the receiver 250' may include low-pass filters 257I and 257Q for low-pass filtering the amplified I and Q envelope signals output from the amplifiers 255I and 255Q.
  • the receiver 250' may include analog-to-digital converters 259I and 259Q for converting the filtered I and Q envelope signals output from the low-pass filters 257I and 257Q into digital signals.
  • a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention may also have graph characteristics similar to those of FIG. 3 . That is, the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 at a small receive power (Rx Pin) below a specific receive power (-44dBm in FIG. 3) is shown in FIG. It is possible to obtain a greater output and gain of the receiver than the transceiver of the self-mixing method. This means that, as shown in the graph on the right of FIG. 3 , the gain increases at a long distance, so that the output power of the receiver increases and detection becomes possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-sensitivity impulse radar and radio transceiver in which the reception sensitivity of a receiver is greatly improved and, more particularly, to a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver which is effectively a synchronous receiver and has high reception gain and strong resistance to noise and the like, thus having excellent reception sensitivity. A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a transmitting unit which includes a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an LO signal, generates an impulse signal on the basis of the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and transmits the impulse signal; a receiving unit which receives the impulse signal returning from the outside, and includes a mixer for converting the received impulse signal into a baseband envelope signal, and outputting the baseband envelope signal; and an LO signal providing unit which provides, to the mixer of the receiving unit, the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitting unit, wherein the mixer of the receiving unit outputs the envelope signal by mixing the received impulse signal and the LO signal.

Description

고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기High Sensitivity UWB Impulse Radar and Radio Transceiver
본 발명은 수신기의 수신감도가 크게 개선된 고감도 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오의 송수신기에 관한 것으로,좀 더 상세하게는 사실상 동기식 수신기이면서 수신이득이 높고 잡음 등에도 강하여 수신감도가 우수한 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a high-sensitivity impulse radar and radio transceiver with greatly improved receiver sensitivity, and more particularly, to a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver that is a synchronous receiver in fact and has a high reception gain and is strong against noise is about
UWB 임펄스 레이더 또는 라디오 송수신기의 경우, 수 ns 폭의 매우 짧은 임펄스 신호를 송신하고 수신하며, 상기 임펄스 신호의 파형을 매우 높은 고속의 샘플링을 수행해야 유의미한 데이터를 획득할 수 있다. 즉, 수 GHz급 이상의 고속 샘플링을 수행해야 한다. In the case of a UWB impulse radar or radio transceiver, a very short impulse signal with a width of several ns is transmitted and received, and the waveform of the impulse signal must be sampled at a very high speed to obtain meaningful data. That is, high-speed sampling of several GHz or higher is required.
고속 샘플링을 위해, 등가적인 고속 샘플링인 등가 시간 샘플링(equivalent time sampling) 방식을 사용하고 있다. 고속 샘플링을 하게 될 수신된 임펄스 신호의 파형의 경우, 캐리어 성분이 포함된 신호이거나 또는 캐리어 성분이 제거된 포락선(envelope) 신호를 사용한다. For high-speed sampling, an equivalent time sampling method, which is equivalent high-speed sampling, is used. In the case of a waveform of a received impulse signal to be subjected to high-speed sampling, a signal including a carrier component or an envelope signal from which a carrier component is removed is used.
포락선 신호를 생성하기 위한 수신기의 경우, 기존의 셀프-믹싱(self-mixing) 방식과 같이, 수신된 신호를 혼합기(mixer)에서 스스로 곱하여 캐리어 성분이 제거된 포락선 신호를 만드는 구조가 있으나, 이 경우 수신기의 이득이 작다. In the case of a receiver for generating an envelope signal, like the conventional self-mixing method, there is a structure in which a received signal is multiplied by itself in a mixer to create an envelope signal from which the carrier component is removed, but in this case The gain of the receiver is small.
셀프 믹싱(self-mixing) 수신기 구조의 경우, 스스로 곱하여 수신기 출력의 크기가 입력 전력의 제곱에 비례하는 특성상, 매우 작은 수신 전력에 대해서는 출력 신호가 매우 작게되는데 이는 감도의 저하를 가져온다. 특히, 레이더나 라디오에서, 원거리의 타겟에서 반사된 신호나 원거리에 있는 송신기에서 수신된 신호는 크기가 매우 작아 수신기의 출력 신호를 얻기 힘들고, 결과적으로 수신감도 저하 및 이로 인한 탐지거리 저하라는 문제가 생긴다.In the case of the self-mixing receiver structure, the output signal is very small for very small received power due to the characteristic that the size of the receiver output is proportional to the square of the input power by self-multiplication, which leads to a decrease in sensitivity. In particular, in radar or radio, a signal reflected from a distant target or a signal received from a far-off transmitter is very small in size, making it difficult to obtain an output signal from the receiver, resulting in reduced reception sensitivity and reduced detection range. occurs
도 1은 셀프-믹싱(self-mixing) 방식의 UWB 레이더 및 라디오 임펄스 송수신기의 일 예이다. 1 is an example of a self-mixing type UWB radar and radio impulse transceiver.
도 1에 도시된 셀프-믹싱 구조의 임펄스 송수신기는 수신기 내부에 국부 발진기(LO, Local Oscillator)를 필요로 하지 않고, 잡음에도 강한 편이며, 구조가 간단하고 구현이 쉬워 많이 사용된다. The impulse transceiver of the self-mixing structure shown in FIG. 1 does not require a local oscillator (LO) inside the receiver, is strong against noise, and has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
한편, 송신기의 경우, 오실레이터(Oscillator)나 주파수 합성기에서 나온 LO 신호를 스위칭 등을 통해 ns급의 짧은 펄스 폭의 임펄스 신호를 만들어 내고, 이를 증폭한 후 송신하게 된다. On the other hand, in the case of a transmitter, an LO signal from an oscillator or a frequency synthesizer is switched to generate an impulse signal with a short pulse width of ns class, amplified, and then transmitted.
그리고 반사되어 온 작은 임펄스 신호는 저잡음 증폭기(LNA)와 RF 증폭기(RF AMP)를 거쳐 수신된 신호를 혼합기에서 스스로 곱하는 셀프-믹싱(self-mixing)의 포락선 검출기(ENV(envelope) detector)를 거치게 된다. 이를 통하면 임펄스 신호에서 캐리어 성분이 제거된 포락선 신호를 얻을 수 있다. Then, the reflected small impulse signal passes through a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and an RF amplifier (RF AMP) and passes through a self-mixing envelope detector (ENV) that multiplies the received signal by itself in the mixer. do. Through this, it is possible to obtain an envelope signal from which the carrier component is removed from the impulse signal.
이때, 포락선 신호의 진폭은 입력된 임펄스 신호의 진폭의 제곱에 비례하게 된다. 수신된 임펄스 신호의 크기가 매우 작은 경우, 제곱특성에 의해 출력인 포락선 신호의 크기는 더 작게 되고 탐지가 어렵게 된다. 즉, 레이더의 경우 원거리의 물체에서 반사된 신호의 경우, 수신된 신호가 매우 작아 탐지가 불가능하여 수신감도가 떨어지고 탐지거리도 짧아지는 단점을 가지고 있다. At this time, the amplitude of the envelope signal is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the input impulse signal. When the magnitude of the received impulse signal is very small, the magnitude of the output envelope signal becomes smaller due to the square characteristic and it is difficult to detect. That is, in the case of the radar, in the case of a signal reflected from a distant object, the received signal is very small, so it is impossible to detect it, so that the reception sensitivity is lowered and the detection distance is shortened.
한편, 여기서는 설명하지 않으나 이외의 다른 임펄스 송수신기 구조들도 DC 오프셋(offset)이나 회로상의 문제로 수신기에서 높은 이득과 감도를 얻기가 어려운 문제가 있다.Meanwhile, although not described here, other impulse transceiver structures have a problem in that it is difficult to obtain high gain and sensitivity in the receiver due to DC offset or circuit problems.
본 발명의 실시 형태는 상술한 감도 저하의 문제를 해결할 수 있는 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기를 제공한다. An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver that can solve the above-described problem of sensitivity degradation.
또한, 본 발명의 실시 형태는 수신 감도의 열화와 탐지 거리 저하문제를 해결할 수 있는 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기를 제공한다.In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver capable of solving the problems of deterioration in reception sensitivity and reduction in detection distance.
본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, LO 신호를 출력하는 전압제어발진기를 포함하고, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호에 기초하여 임펄스 신호를 생성하고, 상기 임펄스 신호를 송신하는 송신부; 외부로부터 되돌아오는 상기 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 기저대역의 포락선 신호로 변환하여 출력하는 혼합기를 포함하는 수신부; 및 상기 송신부의 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 상기 수신부의 혼합기로 제공하는 LO 신호 제공부;를 포함하고, 상기 수신부의 상기 혼합기는, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 포락선 신호를 출력한다. 이러한 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기에 의하면, 송신부에서 생성된 LO 신호를 수신기에서의 LO 신호로 사용하므로 사실상 동기식(coherent) 수신기가 되고, 수신이득도 혼합기에 제공된 LO 신호에 상대적으로 크기가 작은 수신 신호와 곱해져 수신신호가 작아도 이득이 유지되어 충분한 수신기 출력신호를 얻을 수 있는 이점이 있다.A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an LO signal, and generates an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and the impulse signal a transmitter for transmitting a receiving unit including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returning from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband envelope signal and outputting the received impulse signal; and an LO signal providing unit providing the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitting unit to the mixer of the receiving unit, wherein the mixer of the receiving unit mixes the received impulse signal with the LO signal Outputs an envelope signal. According to the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO provided to the mixer Since the signal is multiplied by a received signal having a relatively small magnitude, the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained.
본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, LO 신호를 출력하는 전압제어발진기를 포함하고, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호에 기초하여 임펄스 신호를 생성하고, 상기 임펄스 신호를 송신하는 송신부; 외부로부터 되돌아오는 상기 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 기저대역의 I 포락선 신호와 Q 포락선 신호로 변환하여 출력하는 혼합기를 포함하는 수신부; 및 상기 송신부의 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 제공받아 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호를 생성하는 IQ LO 생성기를 포함하고, 생성된 상기 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호를 상기 수신부의 혼합기로 제공하는 LO 신호 제공부;를 포함하고, 상기 수신부의 상기 혼합기는, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 I LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 I 포락선 신호를 출력하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 Q LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 Q 포락선 신호를 출력한다. 이러한 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기에 의하면, 송신부에서 생성된 LO 신호를 수신기에서의 LO 신호로 사용하므로 사실상 동기식(coherent) 수신기가 되고, 수신이득도 혼합기에 제공된 LO 신호에 상대적으로 크기가 작은 수신 신호와 곱해져 수신신호가 작아도 이득이 유지되어 충분한 수신기 출력신호를 얻을 수 있고, 기저대역에서 I와 Q 신호를 얻어 신호크기와 동시에 위상정보도 얻을 수 있는 이점이 있다.A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an LO signal, and generates an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and the impulse signal a transmitter for transmitting a receiver including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returning from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal; and an IQ LO generator that receives the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitter and generates an I LO signal and a Q LO signal, and provides the generated I LO signal and Q LO signal to the mixer of the receiver and an LO signal providing unit, wherein the mixer of the receiving unit mixes the received impulse signal and the I LO signal to output the I envelope signal, and mixes the received impulse signal and the Q LO signal. to output the Q envelope signal. According to the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention, since the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO provided to the mixer The signal is multiplied by a relatively small received signal, so that the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. have.
본 발명의 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기를 사용하면, 송신부에서 생성된 LO 신호를 수신기에서의 LO 신호로 사용하므로 사실상 동기식(coherent) 수신기가 되고, 수신이득도 혼합기에 제공된 LO 신호에 상대적으로 크기가 작은 수신 신호와 곱해져 수신신호가 작아도 이득이 유지되어 충분한 수신기 출력신호를 얻을 수 있다. 즉, 레이더의 경우 원거리의 타겟 또는 사물에서 반사된 작은 수신 신호도 이득이 상당하여 충분한 수신기 출력신호로 얻어 탐지가 가능하게 된다. When the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as the LO signal in the receiver, so that it becomes a coherent receiver in effect, and the reception gain is also the LO signal provided to the mixer is multiplied by a relatively small received signal, so that the gain is maintained even if the received signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. That is, in the case of radar, even a small received signal reflected from a distant target or object has a significant gain, so that it can be detected as a sufficient receiver output signal.
또한, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기에서 셀프 믹싱(self-mixing)이나 또는 다이렉트 샘플링(direct sampling) 방법을 이용한 구조에서 발생하는 소신호 이득의 감소와 DC 오프셋(offset) 문제 등에 의한 감도저하와 탐지거리의 저하 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 즉, 기존 구조에 비해 수신기 이득이 증가하여 작은 수신신호의 탐지도 가능해지고, 이에 따라 수신감도 개선 및 장거리 탐지가 가능해지는 장점이 있다. In addition, in high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceivers, sensitivity degradation and detection due to reduction in small-signal gain and DC offset problems occurring in structures using self-mixing or direct sampling methods The problem of distance degradation can be solved. That is, the receiver gain is increased compared to the existing structure, so that it is possible to detect a small received signal, and accordingly, there is an advantage in that reception sensitivity is improved and long-range detection is possible.
또한, 수신기의 혼합기에 LO 신호를 90도 위상이 다른 직교(quadrature) LO 신호인 I LO와 Q LO를 따로 만들어 혼합기에 곱함으로써 기저대역에서 I와 Q 신호를 얻어 신호크기와 동시에 위상정보도 얻을 수 있다. I와 Q의 직교(quadrature) 구조로 가져가면, 수신신호의 포락선에서 크기와 위상정보 모두를 얻을 수 있어 임펄스 레이더 탐지의 경우 탐지대상의 세부적인 정보의 추출 및 신호처리에도 사용되어 고정밀 레이더 개발에 유용하다.In addition, I LO and Q LO, which are quadrature LO signals, which are 90 degrees out of phase with the LO signal in the receiver's mixer, are made separately and multiplied by the mixer to obtain I and Q signals from the baseband to obtain the signal amplitude and phase information at the same time. can When taken with the quadrature structure of I and Q, both magnitude and phase information can be obtained from the envelope of the received signal. useful.
또한, 송신부와 수신부에 공통으로 사용되는 LO용 오실레이터나 주파수 합성기의 경우, 송신에서 수신까지 걸리는 시간이 수십 ns로 매우 짧아 위상잡음이나 주파수 드리프트(drift)의 영향을 거의 받지 않아 설계가 쉬운 가변오실레이터(VCO)를 사용할 수 있는 장점이 있다.In addition, in the case of an LO oscillator or frequency synthesizer commonly used in the transmitter and receiver, the time from transmission to reception is very short (tens of ns), which makes it easy to design a variable oscillator that is hardly affected by phase noise or frequency drift. There are advantages to using (VCO).
도 1은 셀프 믹싱(self-mixing) 방식의 UWB 레이더 및 라디오 임펄스 송수신기의 일 예이다.1 is an example of a self-mixing type UWB radar and radio impulse transceiver.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기의 블록 구성도이다.2 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(Self-mixing) 방식의 송수신기와 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 LO 믹싱(LO mixing) 방식의 송수신기의 수신이득 차이 및 탐지거리 차이를 보여주는 그래프들이다.FIG. 3 shows the difference in reception gain and detection distance between the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. graphs that show
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기의 블록 구성도이다.4 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
후술하는 본 발명에 대한 상세한 설명은, 본 발명이 실시될 수 있는 특정 실시 형태를 예시로서 도시하는 첨부 도면을 참조한다. 이들 실시 형태는 당업자가 본 발명을 실시할 수 있기에 충분하도록 상세히 설명된다. 본 발명의 다양한 실시 형태는 서로 다르지만 상호 배타적일 필요는 없음이 이해되어야 한다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0012] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0010] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0010] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which show by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present invention. It should be understood that various embodiments of the present invention are different but need not be mutually exclusive.
이하에서 설명할 본 발명의 여러 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, 종래의 감도 저하의 문제를 해결하기 위해, 송신부에서 사용된 가변 오실레이터 또는 주파수 합성기 등의 LO 신호를 그대로 수신부의 혼합기로 제공하여 수신이득을 키우는 구조를 갖는다. High-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to various embodiments of the present invention to be described below, in order to solve the conventional problem of sensitivity degradation, LO signals such as a variable oscillator or a frequency synthesizer used in the transmitter as it is in the mixer of the receiver It has a structure to increase the reception gain by providing
특히, 레이더의 경우 송신부에서 생성된 LO 신호를 수신기의 혼합기로의 LO 신호로 그대로 사용하므로, 사실상 동기식(coherent) 수신기가 되고 수신이득도 수신된 임펄스 신호보다 상대적으로 큰 크기의 LO 신호가 수신된 임펄스 신호와 곱해지므로, 수신된 임펄스 신호의 크기가 작아도 이득이 유지되어 충분한 수신기 출력신호를 얻을 수 있다. 즉, 레이더의 경우, 원거리의 타겟 또는 사물에서 반사된 작은 수신 신호도 이득이 상당하여 충분한 수신기 출력신호로 얻어 탐지가 가능하게 된다. In particular, in the case of radar, since the LO signal generated by the transmitter is used as it is as the LO signal to the receiver's mixer, it becomes a coherent receiver and the reception gain is also relatively larger than the received impulse signal. Since it is multiplied by the impulse signal, the gain is maintained even if the magnitude of the received impulse signal is small, so that a sufficient receiver output signal can be obtained. That is, in the case of radar, even a small received signal reflected from a distant target or object has a significant gain, so that it can be detected by obtaining a sufficient receiver output signal.
또한, 발명의 여러 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, 수신기의 혼합기에 LO 신호를 90도 위상이 다른 직교(quadrature) LO 신호인 I LO와 Q LO를 따로 만들어 혼합기에 곱함으로써 기저대역에서 I와 Q 신호를 얻어 신호크기와 동시에 위상정보도 얻을 수 있는 이점도 있다.In addition, the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to various embodiments of the present invention is a basis by multiplying the LO signal in the mixer of the receiver by separately making I LO and Q LO, which are quadrature LO signals out of phase by 90 degrees, to the mixer. There is also an advantage that phase information can be obtained at the same time as the signal amplitude by obtaining I and Q signals in the band.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기의 블록 구성도이다.2 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는 상술한 수신감도 열화와 탐지거리 저하의 문제를 해결할 수 있다. The high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 can solve the above-mentioned problems of deterioration of reception sensitivity and deterioration of detection range.
도 2를 참조하면, 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, 송신부(210), LO 신호 제공부(230) 및 수신부(250)를 포함한다. Referring to FIG. 2 , a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transmitter 210 , an LO signal provider 230 , and a receiver 250 .
송신부(210)는 임펄스 신호를 생성하여 안테나(Antenna)로 제공한다. The transmitter 210 generates an impulse signal and provides it to an antenna.
송신부(210)는 LO 신호를 출력하는 전압제어발진기(211)를 포함한다. The transmitter 210 includes a voltage-controlled oscillator 211 that outputs an LO signal.
송신부(210)는 전압제어발진기(211)에서 출력되는 LO 신호를 처리하여 임펄스 신호를 생성할 수 있다. The transmitter 210 may generate an impulse signal by processing the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
예를 들어, 송신부(210)는 전압제어발진기(211)에서 출력되는 LO 신호를 스위칭하여 수 ns의 짧은 임펄스 신호를 생성할 수 있다. 이를 위해, 송신부(210)는 전압제어발진기(211)로부터의 LO 신호를 스위칭하는 제1 스위치(SW1)을 포함할 수 있다. For example, the transmitter 210 may generate a short impulse signal of several ns by switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 . To this end, the transmitter 210 may include a first switch SW1 for switching the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
제1 스위치(SW1)는 타이밍 회로부(270)에 의해 스위칭에 제어될 수 있다. 타이밍 회로부(270)는 제1 시간 구간(T1)에 제1 스위치(SW1)를 턴온시키는 스위칭 신호를 제공할 수 있다.The first switch SW1 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 . The timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the first switch SW1 in the first time period T1 .
송신부(210)는 전압제어발진기(211)과 제1 스위치(SW1) 사이에 배치되어 전압제어발진기(211)로부터의 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제1 증폭기(213)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The transmitter 210 may further include a first amplifier 213 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the first switch SW1 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
송신부(210)는 제1 스위치(SW1)와 안테나(미도시) 사이에 배치되어 제1 스위치(SW1)로부터 출력되는 임펄스 신호를 증폭하는 제2 증폭기(215)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The transmitter 210 may further include a second amplifier 215 disposed between the first switch SW1 and an antenna (not shown) to amplify the impulse signal output from the first switch SW1 .
LO 신호 제공부(230)는 송신부(210)로부터의 LO 신호를 수신부(250)로 제공한다. 구체적으로, LO 신호 제공부(230)는 송신부(210)의 전압제어발진기(211)로부터 출력되는 LO 신호는 수신부(250)의 혼합기(253)로 제공한다. The LO signal providing unit 230 provides the LO signal from the transmitting unit 210 to the receiving unit 250 . Specifically, the LO signal providing unit 230 provides the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 of the transmitting unit 210 to the mixer 253 of the receiving unit 250 .
LO 신호 제공부(230)는 전압제어발진기(211)로부터 출력되는 LO 신호를 스위칭하는 제2 스위치(SW2)를 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 may include a second switch SW2 for switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
제2 스위치(SW2)는 타이밍 회로부(270)에 의해 스위칭에 제어될 수 있다. 타이밍 회로부(270)는 제1 시간 구간(T1)과 다른 제2 시간 구간(T2)에 제2 스위치(SW2)를 턴온시키는 스위칭 신호를 제공할 수 있다. The second switch SW2 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 . The timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the second switch SW2 in a second time period T2 different from the first time period T1 .
LO 신호 제공부(230)는 전압제어발진기(211)과 제2 스위치(SW2) 사이에 배치되어 전압제어발진기(211)로부터의 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제1 증폭기(233)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 may further include a first amplifier 233 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the second switch SW2 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 . .
LO 신호 제공부(230)는 제2 스위치(SW2)와 혼합기(253) 사이에 배치되어 제2 스위치(SW2)로부터 출력되는 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제2 증폭기(215)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 may further include a second amplifier 215 disposed between the second switch SW2 and the mixer 253 to amplify the LO signal output from the second switch SW2 .
수신부(250)는 안테나(미도시)를 통해 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 임펄스 신호를 다운 컨버젼하여 상기 임펄스 신호의 포락선을 출력한다. The receiver 250 receives an impulse signal through an antenna (not shown), down-converts the received impulse signal, and outputs an envelope of the impulse signal.
수신부(250)는 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 다운 컨버젼하기 위한 혼합기(253)을 포함한다. 혼합기(253)는 상기 안테나(미도시)로부터의 임펄스 신호와 LO 신호 제공부(230)으로부터의 LO 신호를 제공받아 기저대역(base band) 신호(포락선 신호)를 출력한다. 이 경우, 상대적으로 크기가 큰 상기 LO 신호와 크기가 작은 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 곱하게 되므로, 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(self-mixing)에 비해, 큰 이득을 얻을 수 있어서 충분한 크기의 포락선 신호를 출력할 수 있고, 출력되는 포락선 신호로부터 탐지가 가능해진다.The receiver 250 includes a mixer 253 for down-converting the received impulse signal. The mixer 253 receives the impulse signal from the antenna (not shown) and the LO signal from the LO signal providing unit 230 to output a base band signal (envelope signal). In this case, since the LO signal having a relatively large magnitude and the received impulse signal having a small magnitude are multiplied, a large gain can be obtained compared to the self-mixing method shown in FIG. A signal can be output, and detection is possible from the output envelope signal.
수신부(250)는 안테나(미도시)와 혼합기(253) 사이에 배치되어 안테나(미도시)로부터 수신되는 임펄스 신호를 저잡음 증폭하여 혼합기(253)로 제공하는 저잡음 증폭기(251, LNA)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250 is disposed between the antenna (not shown) and the mixer 253 to low-noise amplify the impulse signal received from the antenna (not shown) and provides the low-noise amplifier 251 to the mixer 253. can
수신부(250)는 혼합기(253)로부터 출력되는 포락선 신호를 증폭하는 증폭기(255)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250 may include an amplifier 255 amplifying the envelope signal output from the mixer 253 .
수신부(250)는 증폭기(255)로부터 출력되는 증폭된 포락선 신호를 저역 필터링하는 저역 통과 필터(257)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250 may include a low-pass filter 257 for low-pass filtering the amplified envelope signal output from the amplifier 255 .
수신부(250)는 저역 통과 필터(257)로부터 출력되는 필터링된 포락선 신호를 디지털 신호로 변환하는 아날로그 디지털 컨버터(259)를 포함할 수 있다. The receiver 250 may include an analog-to-digital converter 259 that converts the filtered envelope signal output from the low-pass filter 257 into a digital signal.
도 3은 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(Self-mixing) 방식의 송수신기와 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 LO 믹싱(LO mixing) 방식의 송수신기의 수신이득 차이 및 탐지거리 차이를 보여주는 그래프들이다.FIG. 3 shows the difference in reception gain and detection distance between the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. graphs that show
도 3의 좌측 그래프를 참조하면, 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(Self-mixing) 방식의 송수신기와 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 LO 믹싱(LO mixing) 방식의 송수신기의 입력 수신전력 대비 수신기 출력신호의 크기를 보여준다. 여기서, 특정 수신전력(도 3의 -44dBm) 이하의 작은 수신전력(Rx Pin)에서는 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 LO 믹싱(LO mixing) 방식의 송수신기가 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(Self-mixing) 방식의 송수신기보다 더 큰 수신기의 출력 및 이득을 얻을 수 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이는 도 3의 우측 그래프와 같이, 원거리에서 이득이 커져 수신기의 출력 전력이 커지고 탐지가 가능해지는 것을 의미한다.Referring to the left graph of FIG. 3 , the input reception of the transceiver of the self-mixing method shown in FIG. 1 and the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is received. It shows the magnitude of the receiver output signal compared to the power. Here, at a small receive power (Rx Pin) below a specific receive power (-44dBm in FIG. 3), the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the output and gain of the receiver larger than the transceiver of the self-mixing method can be obtained. This means that, as shown in the graph on the right of FIG. 3 , the gain increases at a long distance, so that the output power of the receiver increases and detection becomes possible.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기의 블록 구성도이다.4 is a block diagram of a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and a radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 4를 참조하면, 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는 송신부(210), LO 신호 제공부(230') 및 수신부(250')을 포함한다. 여기서, 송신부(210)는 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기의 송신부(210)와 동일하므로, 이에 대한 구체적인 설명은 상술한 것으로 대체한다.Referring to FIG. 4 , a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transmitter 210 , an LO signal provider 230 ′, and a receiver 250 ′. Here, since the transmitter 210 is the same as the transmitter 210 of the high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 , the detailed description thereof is replaced with the above.
LO 신호 제공부(230')는 송신부(210)로부터 LO 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 LO 신호로부터 I LO 신호(I LO)와 Q LO 신호(Q LO)를 생성하여 수신부(250')로 제공한다. 도 2에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는 송신부(210)로부터 수신된 LO 신호를 스위칭 및 증폭하여 하나의 LO 신호를 수신부(250)로 제공하였지만, 도 4에 도시된 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기는, 송신부(210)로부터 수신된 LO 신호를 스위칭, 증폭 및 IQ 신호를 생성하여 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호 2개를 수신부(250')로 제공한다. The LO signal providing unit 230' receives the LO signal from the transmitter 210, generates an I LO signal (I LO) and a Q LO signal (Q LO) from the received LO signal, and provides it to the receiver 250' do. The high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 switches and amplifies the LO signal received from the transmitter 210 to provide one LO signal to the receiver 250, but FIG. The high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 switches, amplifies, and generates an IQ signal by switching the LO signal received from the transmitter 210 to receive an I LO signal and two Q LO signals. (250').
LO 신호 제공부(230')는 전압제어발진기(211)로부터 출력되는 LO 신호를 스위칭하는 제2 스위치(SW2)를 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 ′ may include a second switch SW2 for switching the LO signal output from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 .
제2 스위치(SW2)는 타이밍 회로부(270)에 의해 스위칭에 제어될 수 있다. 타이밍 회로부(270)는 제1 시간 구간(T1)과 다른 제2 시간 구간(T2)에 제2 스위치(SW2)를 턴온시키는 스위칭 신호를 제공할 수 있다.The second switch SW2 may be controlled for switching by the timing circuit unit 270 . The timing circuit unit 270 may provide a switching signal for turning on the second switch SW2 in a second time period T2 different from the first time period T1 .
LO 신호 제공부(230')는 전압제어발진기(211)과 제2 스위치(SW2) 사이에 배치되어 전압제어발진기(211)로부터의 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제1 증폭기(233)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 ′ may further include a first amplifier 233 disposed between the voltage controlled oscillator 211 and the second switch SW2 to amplify the LO signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 211 . have.
LO 신호 제공부(230')는 제2 스위치(SW2)와 혼합기(253I, 253Q) 사이에 배치되어 제2 스위치(SW2)로부터 출력되는 LO 신호를 수신하여 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호를 생성하는 IQ LO 생성기(237)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The LO signal providing unit 230 ′ is disposed between the second switch SW2 and the mixers 253I and 253Q and receives the LO signal output from the second switch SW2 to generate an I LO signal and a Q LO signal. It may further include an IQ LO generator 237 .
수신부(250')는 안테나(미도시)를 통해 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 임펄스 신호를 다운 컨버젼하여 상기 임펄스 신호의 I 포락선 신호와 Q 포락선 신호를 출력한다. The receiver 250' receives an impulse signal through an antenna (not shown), down-converts the received impulse signal, and outputs an I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal of the impulse signal.
수신부(250')는 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 다운 컨버젼하여 I 포락선 신호와 Q 포락선 신호를 생성하기 위한 혼합기(253I, 253Q)를 포함한다. 혼합기(253I, 253Q)는 상기 안테나(미도시)로부터의 임펄스 신호와 LO 신호 제공부(230')로부터의 I LO 신호를 제공받아 기저대역(base band)의 I 신호(I 포락선 신호)를 출력하는 제1 혼합기(253I)와 상기 안테나(미도시)로부터의 임펄스 신호와 LO 신호 제공부(230')로부터의 Q LO 신호를 제공받아 기저대역(base band)의 Q 신호(Q 포락선 신호)를 출력하는 제2 혼합기(253Q)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250' includes mixers 253I and 253Q for down-converting the received impulse signal to generate an I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal. The mixers 253I and 253Q receive an impulse signal from the antenna (not shown) and an I LO signal from the LO signal providing unit 230' to output a baseband I signal (I envelope signal). receiving the impulse signal from the first mixer 253I and the antenna (not shown) and the Q LO signal from the LO signal providing unit 230' to generate a baseband Q signal (Q envelope signal) It may include a second mixer 253Q that outputs.
이러한 수신부(250')는 상대적으로 크기가 큰 상기 I LO 신호 또는 Q LO 신호와 크기가 작은 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 곱하게 되므로, 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(self-mixing)에 비해, 큰 이득을 얻을 수 있어서 충분한 크기의 포락선 신호를 출력할 수 있고, 출력되는 포락선 신호로부터 탐지가 가능해진다. 또한, I 및 Q의 포락선 신호의 출력을 가지고 크기와 위상정보 모두를 얻을 수 있는 이점이 도 있다.Since the receiving unit 250' multiplies the relatively large I LO signal or Q LO signal and the received impulse signal having a small size, compared to the self-mixing method shown in FIG. Since a gain can be obtained, an envelope signal of sufficient size can be output, and detection is possible from the output envelope signal. In addition, there is an advantage that both magnitude and phase information can be obtained with the output of the I and Q envelope signals.
수신부(250')는 안테나(미도시)와 혼합기(253I, 253Q) 사이에 배치되어 안테나(미도시)로부터 수신되는 임펄스 신호를 저잡음 증폭하여 혼합기(253I, 253Q)로 제공하는 저잡음 증폭기(251, LNA)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250' is disposed between the antenna (not shown) and the mixers 253I and 253Q to amplify the impulse signal received from the antenna (not shown) to low noise and provide the low noise amplifier 251 to the mixers 253I and 253Q. LNA) may be included.
수신부(250')는 혼합기(253I, 253Q)로부터 출력되는 I 및 Q 포락선 신호를 증폭하는 증폭기(255I, 255Q)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250' may include amplifiers 255I and 255Q for amplifying the I and Q envelope signals output from the mixers 253I and 253Q.
수신부(250')는 증폭기(255I, 255Q)로부터 출력되는 증폭된 I 및 Q 포락선 신호를 저역 필터링하는 저역 통과 필터(257I, 257Q)를 포함할 수 있다.The receiver 250' may include low-pass filters 257I and 257Q for low-pass filtering the amplified I and Q envelope signals output from the amplifiers 255I and 255Q.
수신부(250')는 저역 통과 필터(257I, 257Q)로부터 출력되는 필터링된 I 및 Q 포락선 신호를 디지털 신호로 변환하는 아날로그 디지털 컨버터(259I, 259Q)를 포함할 수 있다.본 발명의 다른 실시 예에 따른 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기도 도 3과 유사한 그래프 특성을 가질 수 있다. 즉, 특정 수신전력(도 3의 -44dBm) 이하의 작은 수신전력(Rx Pin)에서 도 4에 도시된 본 발명의 다른 실시 형태에 따른 LO 믹싱(LO mixing) 방식의 송수신기가 도 1에 도시된 셀프 믹싱(Self-mixing) 방식의 송수신기보다 더 큰 수신기의 출력 및 이득을 얻을 수 있다. 이는 도 3의 우측 그래프와 같이, 원거리에서 이득이 커져 수신기의 출력 전력이 커지고 탐지가 가능해지는 것을 의미한다.The receiver 250' may include analog-to-digital converters 259I and 259Q for converting the filtered I and Q envelope signals output from the low-pass filters 257I and 257Q into digital signals. Another embodiment of the present invention A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention may also have graph characteristics similar to those of FIG. 3 . That is, the transceiver of the LO mixing method according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 at a small receive power (Rx Pin) below a specific receive power (-44dBm in FIG. 3) is shown in FIG. It is possible to obtain a greater output and gain of the receiver than the transceiver of the self-mixing method. This means that, as shown in the graph on the right of FIG. 3 , the gain increases at a long distance, so that the output power of the receiver increases and detection becomes possible.
이상에서 실시 형태들에 설명된 특징, 구조, 효과 등은 본 발명의 적어도 하나의 실시 형태에 포함되며, 반드시 하나의 실시 형태에만 한정되는 것은 아니다. 나아가, 각 실시 형태에서 예시된 특징, 구조, 효과 등은 실시 형태들이 속하는 분야의 통상의 지식을 가지는 자에 의해 다른 실시 형태들에 대해서도 조합 또는 변형되어 실시 가능하다. 따라서 이러한 조합과 변형에 관계된 내용들은 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.Features, structures, effects, etc. described in the above embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, features, structures, effects, etc. illustrated in each embodiment can be combined or modified for other embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments belong. Accordingly, the contents related to such combinations and modifications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.
또한, 이상에서 실시 형태를 중심으로 설명하였으나 이는 단지 예시일 뿐 본 발명을 한정하는 것이 아니며, 본 발명이 속하는 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 본 실시 형태의 본질적인 특성을 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 이상에 예시되지 않은 여러 가지의 변형과 응용이 가능함을 알 수 있을 것이다. 예를 들어, 실시 형태에 구체적으로 나타난 각 구성 요소는 변형하여 실시할 수 있는 것이다. 그리고 이러한 변형과 응용에 관계된 차이점들은 첨부된 청구 범위에서 규정하는 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.In addition, although the embodiment has been mainly described in the above, it is only an example and does not limit the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains to the above in the range that does not depart from the essential characteristics of the present embodiment. It will be appreciated that various modifications and applications not illustrated are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment can be implemented with modification. And differences related to such modifications and applications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. LO 신호를 출력하는 전압제어발진기를 포함하고, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호에 기초하여 임펄스 신호를 생성하고, 상기 임펄스 신호를 송신하는 송신부;a transmitter comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator outputting an LO signal, generating an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and transmitting the impulse signal;
    외부로부터 되돌아오는 상기 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 기저대역의 포락선 신호로 변환하여 출력하는 혼합기를 포함하는 수신부; 및a receiving unit including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returning from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband envelope signal and outputting the received impulse signal; and
    상기 송신부의 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 상기 수신부의 혼합기로 제공하는 LO 신호 제공부;를 포함하고,Including; LO signal providing unit for providing the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitter to the mixer of the receiver;
    상기 수신부의 상기 혼합기는, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 포락선 신호를 출력하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.The mixer of the receiving unit outputs the envelope signal by mixing the received impulse signal and the LO signal, a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 송신부는, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 제1 시간 구간 동안에 스위칭하여 상기 임펄스 신호를 출력하는 제1 스위치를 포함하고, The transmitter includes a first switch for outputting the impulse signal by switching the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator during a first time period,
    상기 LO 신호 제공부는, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 상기 제1 시간 구간과 다른 제2 시간 구간 동안에 스위칭하여 상기 혼합기로 제공하는 제2 스위치를 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.The LO signal providing unit includes a second switch for switching the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator during a second time period different from the first time period and providing it to the mixer.
  3. 제 2 항에 있어서,3. The method of claim 2,
    상기 제1 스위치와 상기 제2 스위치의 스위칭 타이밍을 제어하는 타이밍 회로부를 더 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver, further comprising a timing circuit for controlling switching timing of the first switch and the second switch.
  4. 제 2 항에 있어서, 3. The method of claim 2,
    상기 송신부는,The transmitter is
    상기 전압제어발진기와 상기 제1 스위치 사이에 배치되어 상기 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제1 증폭기; 및a first amplifier disposed between the voltage-controlled oscillator and the first switch to amplify the LO signal; and
    상기 제1 스위치로부터 출력되는 상기 임펄스 신호를 증폭하는 제2 증폭기;a second amplifier amplifying the impulse signal output from the first switch;
    를 더 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.Further comprising, a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  5. 제 2 항에 있어서, 3. The method of claim 2,
    상기 수신부는,The receiving unit,
    상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 저잡음 증폭하여 상기 혼합기로 제공하는 저잡음 증폭기;a low-noise amplifier for low-noise amplifying the received impulse signal and providing it to the mixer;
    상기 혼합기로부터 출력되는 상기 포락선 신호를 증폭하는 증폭기;an amplifier for amplifying the envelope signal output from the mixer;
    상기 증폭기에서 증폭된 상기 포락선 신호를 저역 필터링하는 저역 통과 필터; 및a low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the envelope signal amplified by the amplifier; and
    상기 저역 통과 필터에서 필터링된 상기 포락선 신호를 디지털 신호로 변환하는 아날로그 디지털 컨버터;an analog-to-digital converter for converting the envelope signal filtered by the low-pass filter into a digital signal;
    를 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.Including, high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  6. LO 신호를 출력하는 전압제어발진기를 포함하고, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호에 기초하여 임펄스 신호를 생성하고, 상기 임펄스 신호를 송신하는 송신부;a transmitter comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator outputting an LO signal, generating an impulse signal based on the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator, and transmitting the impulse signal;
    외부로부터 되돌아오는 상기 임펄스 신호를 수신하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 기저대역의 I 포락선 신호와 Q 포락선 신호로 변환하여 출력하는 혼합기를 포함하는 수신부; 및a receiving unit including a mixer for receiving the impulse signal returned from the outside, converting the received impulse signal into a baseband I envelope signal and a Q envelope signal, and outputting the converted signal; and
    상기 송신부의 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 제공받아 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호를 생성하는 IQ LO 생성기를 포함하고, 생성된 상기 I LO 신호와 Q LO 신호를 상기 수신부의 혼합기로 제공하는 LO 신호 제공부; 를 포함하고,and an IQ LO generator that receives the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator of the transmitter and generates an I LO signal and a Q LO signal, and provides the generated I LO signal and Q LO signal to the mixer of the receiver LO signal providing unit; including,
    상기 수신부의 상기 혼합기는, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 I LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 I 포락선 신호를 출력하고, 상기 수신된 임펄스 신호와 상기 Q LO 신호를 혼합하여 상기 Q 포락선 신호를 출력하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.The mixer of the receiver outputs the I envelope signal by mixing the received impulse signal and the I LO signal, and outputs the Q envelope signal by mixing the received impulse signal and the Q LO signal. UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  7. 제 6 항에 있어서, 7. The method of claim 6,
    상기 송신부는, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 제1 시간 구간 동안에 스위칭하여 상기 임펄스 신호를 출력하는 제1 스위치를 포함하고, The transmitter includes a first switch for outputting the impulse signal by switching the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator during a first time period,
    상기 LO 신호 제공부는, 상기 전압제어발진기로부터의 상기 LO 신호를 상기 제1 시간 구간과 다른 제2 시간 구간 동안에 스위칭하여 상기 IQ LO 생성기로 제공하는 제2 스위치를 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.The LO signal providing unit includes a second switch configured to provide the IQ LO generator by switching the LO signal from the voltage-controlled oscillator during a second time period different from the first time period, a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  8. 제 7 항에 있어서,8. The method of claim 7,
    상기 제1 스위치와 상기 제2 스위치의 스위칭 타이밍을 제어하는 타이밍 회로부를 더 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.A high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver, further comprising a timing circuit for controlling switching timing of the first switch and the second switch.
  9. 제 7 항에 있어서, 8. The method of claim 7,
    상기 송신부는,The transmitter is
    상기 전압제어발진기와 상기 제1 스위치 사이에 배치되어 상기 LO 신호를 증폭하는 제1 증폭기; 및a first amplifier disposed between the voltage-controlled oscillator and the first switch to amplify the LO signal; and
    상기 제1 스위치로부터 출력되는 상기 임펄스 신호를 증폭하는 제2 증폭기;a second amplifier amplifying the impulse signal output from the first switch;
    를 더 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.Further comprising, a high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
  10. 제 7 항에 있어서, 8. The method of claim 7,
    상기 수신부는,The receiving unit,
    상기 수신된 임펄스 신호를 저잡음 증폭하여 상기 혼합기로 제공하는 저잡음 증폭기;a low-noise amplifier for low-noise amplifying the received impulse signal and providing it to the mixer;
    상기 혼합기로부터 출력되는 상기 I 포락선 신호와 상기 Q 포락선 신호를 증폭하는 증폭기;an amplifier for amplifying the I envelope signal and the Q envelope signal output from the mixer;
    상기 증폭기에서 증폭된 상기 I 포락선 신호와 상기 Q 포락선 신호를 저역 필터링하는 저역 통과 필터; 및a low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the I envelope signal and the Q envelope signal amplified by the amplifier; and
    상기 저역 통과 필터에서 필터링된 상기 I 포락선 신호와 상기 Q 포락선 신호를 디지털 신호로 변환하는 아날로그 디지털 컨버터;an analog-to-digital converter for converting the I envelope signal and the Q envelope signal filtered by the low-pass filter into a digital signal;
    를 포함하는, 고감도 UWB 임펄스 레이더 및 라디오 송수신기.Including, high-sensitivity UWB impulse radar and radio transceiver.
PCT/KR2020/001362 2019-12-12 2020-01-29 High-sensitivity uwb impulse radar and radio transceiver WO2021117978A1 (en)

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US8115673B1 (en) * 2007-08-11 2012-02-14 Mcewan Technologies, Llc Self-oscillating UWB emitter-detector
JP5639150B2 (en) * 2010-03-09 2014-12-10 古河電気工業株式会社 Pulse radar apparatus and control method thereof
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