WO2021109324A1 - Modularized natural convection boiler system for recovering waste heat of liquid slag - Google Patents

Modularized natural convection boiler system for recovering waste heat of liquid slag Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109324A1
WO2021109324A1 PCT/CN2020/072566 CN2020072566W WO2021109324A1 WO 2021109324 A1 WO2021109324 A1 WO 2021109324A1 CN 2020072566 W CN2020072566 W CN 2020072566W WO 2021109324 A1 WO2021109324 A1 WO 2021109324A1
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Prior art keywords
water
hot air
air duct
cooled
granulation
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PCT/CN2020/072566
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王树众
赵军
吴志强
肖照宇
李美全
马立伟
张茜
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西安交通大学
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery, and in particular relates to a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery.
  • blast furnace slag containing huge heat will also be produced.
  • the discharge temperature of blast furnace slag is generally between 1400 and 1550°C, and each ton of slag contains (1260 to 1880) ⁇ 103 kJ of sensible heat, which is equivalent to 60 kg of standard coal.
  • Dry slag pit cooling method and water flushing slag method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in my country.
  • the dry slag pit method produces a large amount of water vapor when cooling down, and releases a large amount of H 2 S and SO 2 gas at the same time, which corrodes buildings, destroys equipment and deteriorates the working environment.
  • the water flushing slag method wastes a lot of water resources during the treatment process, generates harmful gases such as SO 2 and H 2 S, and cannot effectively recover the high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag.
  • these treatment methods can no longer meet the current urgent needs of energy saving and emission reduction in the iron and steel industry, and it is necessary to seek a new high-efficiency and pollution-free technology to effectively recover liquid slag resources.
  • the dry granulation technology Compared with the water quenching method, the dry granulation technology has the following advantages: it does not consume fresh water, has no H 2 S and SO 2 emissions, recovers the sensible heat of the slag, and saves the energy consumption of drying wet slag when producing cement. But often the heat recovery effect is not good.
  • the main technical difficulties of blast furnace slag dry sensible heat recovery are: in the system, the processing capacity of a single granulation device is small and difficult to increase, but the reality requires large-scale processing. At the same time, almost all of them are renovation projects with limited site conditions; the system is reliable Poor performance; scattered equipment, low heat exchange efficiency; high plant power consumption; generated slag cotton cannot be processed, and the material layer is easy to reheat and agglomerate.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery in order to achieve the waste heat recovery in the blast furnace slag treatment process and obtain high value-added slag in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
  • the purpose of the product is to provide a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery in order to achieve the waste heat recovery in the blast furnace slag treatment process and obtain high value-added slag in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
  • a modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat including multiple operation modules.
  • the lower part of the slag bag is provided with a granulation silo water wall corresponding to each operation module, and the upper part of the granulation silo water wall is provided with water-cooled hot air.
  • the lower part of the water wall of the granulation silo is provided with a moving bed water wall. The steam produced by the water wall of the granulation silo, the moving bed water wall and the water-cooled hot air duct is fed into the boiler drum for steam-water separation, and then enters the water-cooled hot air separately.
  • the duct and the granulation chamber are heated to form superheated steam; after the air enters each operating module, it passes through the moving bed and the granulation chamber in turn to form hot air, enters the water-cooled hot air duct, heat exchanges and cools the air, and gathers in the common flue and passes through the dust collector. And the induced draft fan is discharged from the chimney.
  • multiple operation modules share a boiler drum, and the flue of each operation module is equipped with an economizer.
  • the boiler feed water enters the shared boiler drum through the economizer.
  • the lower part of the boiler drum corresponds to each operation module.
  • a separate downcomer is arranged, and the bottom of the downcomer is connected with a lower header arranged at the lower part of the water wall of the moving bed, and the lower header evenly distributes water to the water wall of the moving bed.
  • a buried pipe is arranged between the inner and outer walls of the water wall of the moving bed, the upper part of the water wall of the moving bed is connected with the water wall of the granulation silo, a part of the water wall of the granulation silo is connected to the boiler steam drum, and the other part forms the water-cooled hot air duct. Then connect with the boiler drum.
  • a convection tube bundle is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct, and the convection tube bundle is connected to the bottom of the boiler steam drum; the saturated steam separated from the upper part of the boiler drum enters the water-cooled hot air duct of each operating module through the saturated steam tube, and passes through the hot air duct superheater. After heat exchange, it enters the secondary superheater at the top of the granulation silo to form superheated steam.
  • multiple operation modules share a slag bag
  • one side of the slag bag is provided with a slag inlet
  • an afterburner is provided above the slag bag
  • a separate stopper is provided under the slag bag for each operation module.
  • slagging pipe is provided
  • the lower part of the stopper rod and the upper part of the slagging pipe are provided with nozzles
  • the center of the granulation bin arranged under the slagging pipe is equipped with a granulator
  • the surrounding and top of the granulation bin are arranged with water-cooled walls and
  • the water-cooled hot air duct, the lower part of the moving bed is provided with a bulk material accumulation layer and a slag discharge mechanism.
  • a multi-layer staggered air duct is arranged between the water wall of the moving bed and the water wall of the inner wall, and the wind passes through the staggered air ducts through the staggered air ducts in turn.
  • the buried pipes in the moving bed, the air-cooled rake, the staggered pipe bundles and the wind corners at the top of the granulation warehouse enter the water-cooled hot air duct.
  • a hot air duct superheater arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct in sequence.
  • the tail of the water-cooled hot air duct is connected to a general flue shared by multiple operating modules, and the dust collector, an induced draft fan and a chimney are sequentially connected through the general flue. .
  • a staggered tube bundle is arranged between the moving bed and the granulation bin, and a rotating shearing and crushing knife is arranged between the staggered tube bundle, and the cooling medium can be passed into the interior of the rotating shearing and crushing knife.
  • an air-cooled rake is arranged under the material layer of the moving bed, and the opening direction of the air-cooled rake is vertically upward.
  • One end of the air-cooled rake is arranged outside the moving bed, and the other end is arranged near the water-cooled wall of the inner wall.
  • the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention is a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery. Through multiple operation modules, it can be flexibly combined according to different processing volumes and different site areas; it can be used for multiple purposes, improve system reliability, and heat exchange.
  • the unit is compactly arranged, countercurrent heat exchange improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces available energy loss.
  • the boiler steam drum is used in the system, and natural convection is adopted to reduce water pump consumption.
  • the system improves the overall heat exchange efficiency of the boiler system by setting up natural convection water walls in the moving bed and granulation bin, setting buried pipes in the material layer, and staggered tube bundles between the moving bed and granulation bin. , Thereby reducing equipment steel consumption, while reducing plant power consumption of the pump system.
  • the system reduces the consumption of thermal insulation materials in the hot air duct by installing water-cooled hot air ducts, convection tube bundles and hot air duct superheaters in the hot air ducts, and at the same time enables the flue gas to be rapidly cooled in the hot air ducts, thereby reducing the volume and volume of the hot air ducts.
  • the cross-sectional area reduces the steel consumption and the power consumption of the induced draft fan.
  • the system shares a slag bag through multiple operation modules, which reduces the consumption of heat preservation refractory material in the slag bag, and the burner can be shared to reduce equipment investment.
  • multiple operation modules are used and prepared, which is convenient for non-stop system in the overall system. Under the circumstances, maintenance can be performed at any time to improve system reliability.
  • staggered tube bundles arranged between the moving bed and the granulation bin, which can allow the particles to exchange heat with them during flight, strengthen the radiation heat exchange of the droplets during flight, increase the glass conversion rate, and reduce The temperature at which the particles fall onto the moving bed to prevent thermal bonding.
  • a device for removing scum and cotton is arranged to prevent the accumulation of scum and cotton, and the material layer is bonded, which is beneficial to form a loose and flat material layer and prevents wind blowing.
  • an air-cooled rake is arranged under the material layer of the moving bed, the air-cooled rake can scrape and loosen the material layer, and at the same time, the wind in the air-cooled rake is sprayed from the hood, which can enhance the cooling of the surface of the material layer and prevent particles from sticking. As a result, the air-cooled rake can also be cooled.
  • the present invention has flexible combination, high system reliability, high heat exchange efficiency, low steel consumption, and low power consumption loss.
  • Figure 1 is a scheme of a single operating module of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is another scheme of a single operating module of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is the first scheme of module combination of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is the second scheme of module combination of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is the third scheme of module combination of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the fourth scheme of module combination of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat, which is composed of multiple operating modules and shared slag drums, boiler steam drums, general flue, induced draft fans, dust collectors and chimneys.
  • each operation module includes the nozzle, stopper rod, slag pipe installed at the corresponding position of the slag bag, the granulation bin arranged under the slag bag, the moving bed under the granulation bin, and the hot air duct on the upper part of the granulation bin. composition.
  • Water-cooled heating surfaces are arranged in the granulation warehouse, moving bed and hot air duct of each operation module, and the generated steam is merged into the common boiler steam drum, and the steam and water are separated and then enters the hot air duct and granule in each operation module.
  • the chemical chamber is heated again, and finally superheated steam is formed for subsequent use.
  • the cooled air finally converges on the common flue and passes through the dust collector and The induced draft fan is discharged from the chimney.
  • the invention can be flexibly combined according to different processing volumes and different site areas; it can be used and prepared to improve system reliability; heat exchange units are compactly arranged, countercurrent heat exchange improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces available energy loss; steam drums are used in the system, Natural convection reduces pump consumption.
  • FIG. 1 a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery of the present invention.
  • the water-cooled hot air duct 16 is entirely installed in the upper part of the granulation bin, and the wind moves horizontally from bottom to top.
  • the operation module 22 includes a slag buffer mechanism-slag bag 1, a granulation bin, a moving bed, a slag discharge mechanism 13, a water-cooled hot air duct 16, a general flue 27, a dust collector, an induced draft fan 29, and a chimney, including water flow , Wind flow and slag flow.
  • boiler feed water enters the steam drum 14 through the economizer 32, and the water enters each water wall through the downcomer (distribution pipe); there is a buried pipe 11 between the moving bed water wall 7 and the inner wall water wall 10, and the water Circulate between.
  • the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo can be directly connected to the water-cooled wall 7 of the moving bed, or communicated with it through the buried pipe 11 and the water-cooled wall 10 of the inner wall, and the staggered tube bundle 31.
  • One side of the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo is directly connected with the steam drum 14, and the other side is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct.
  • the wind discharged from the staggered air duct 12 from the lower part of the moving bed passes through the material layer and reaches the upper part of the granulation silo, and enters the water-cooled hot air duct 16 through the wind angle 24; in the water-cooled hot air duct, the wind passes through and the water cools.
  • the hot air duct superheater 20, the convection tube bundle 15 and the economizer 32 merge into the general flue shared by the multiple operating modules 22, and then pass through the dust removal and exhaust from the chimney.
  • an afterburner 2 is arranged above the common slag ladle 1 of each operation module 22, and the slag enters the slag ladle 1 through the slag inlet 23.
  • a separate stopper rod 3 and a slagging pipe 5 are respectively provided for each operation module 22, wherein a sizing nozzle 4 is arranged under the stopper rod 3 and the upper part of the slagging pipe; the slagging pipe 5
  • a granulator 6 is arranged in the center of the granulation silo below.
  • the granulation silo water wall 8 and water-cooled hot air duct 16 are arranged around and on the top of the granulation silo.
  • the moving bed is in the lower part of the granulation silo, and the lower part of the moving bed is bulk material accumulation.
  • Tier and slag discharge mechanism 13 is arranged above the common slag ladle 1 of each operation module 22, and the slag enters the slag ladle 1 through the slag in
  • FIG. 2 a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery of the present invention.
  • the water-cooled hot air duct 16 is installed on the upper part of the granulation bin and on the right side of the whole device.
  • the operation module 22 includes a slag buffer mechanism-slag bag 1, a granulation bin, a moving bed, a slag discharge mechanism 13, a water-cooled hot air duct 16, a general flue 27, a dust collector, an induced draft fan 29, and a chimney, including water flow , Wind flow and slag flow.
  • the boiler feed water enters the steam drum 14 through the economizer 32, and the water enters each water wall through the downcomer (distribution pipe).
  • the downcomer distributed pipe
  • the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo can be directly connected to the water-cooled wall 7 of the moving bed, or communicated with it through the buried pipe 11 and the water-cooled wall 10 of the inner wall, and the staggered tube bundle 31.
  • One side of the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo is directly connected with the steam drum 14, and the other side is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct.
  • the wind discharged from the staggered air ducts 12 at the lower part of the moving bed passes through the material layer, reaches the upper part of the granulation bin, and enters the water-cooled hot air duct 16 through the wind angle 24.
  • the wind passes through the heat exchange with the water-cooled wall surface of the water-cooled hot air duct, the hot duct superheater 20, the convection tube bundle 15 and the economizer 32, and then merges into the general flue shared by the multiple operation modules 22, and then passes through the dust removal Then it is discharged from the chimney.
  • an afterburner 2 is arranged above the common slag ladle 1 of each operation module 22, and the slag enters the slag ladle 1 through the slag inlet 23.
  • a separate stopper 3 and a slag pipe 5 are respectively provided for each operation module 22, wherein a nozzle 4 of sizing is arranged under the stopper 3 and on the upper part of the slag pipe.
  • a granulator 6 is arranged in the center of the granulation silo below the slagging pipe 5.
  • the granulation silo water wall 8 and the water-cooled hot air duct 16 are arranged around and on the top of the granulation silo.
  • the slag bag, the general flue and the individual modules are arranged longitudinally and combined into a row.
  • Each single module shares a slag bag 1, a steam drum 14, a general flue 27, a dust collector 28, a fan 29 and a chimney 30; the slag is removed from the slag bag
  • the slag inlet 23 enters each operation module 22, and the generated flue gas flows into the general flue 27, and is discharged after being processed by the dust collector 28.
  • the steam and water generated by the steam drum are respectively distributed into a single operation module 22.
  • the slag bag 1 is arranged in a row, and is connected to each single module through the independent stopper 3, the nozzle 4 and the slag pipe 5, and the operation module 22 is arranged in two rows, and the flue gas at the outlet is connected to the general flue 27.
  • the total flue is arranged on two curved sides, and a common steam drum 14 is arranged above each flue.
  • FIG. 5 the third combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to the present invention:
  • the cross-section of the whole system is arranged in a circular shape; among them, the slag bag 1 is arranged on the inner side, annularly arranged above the running module 22, and the single module is arranged radially around a circle center, and the slag inlet 23 is on the radial side.
  • the flue gas outlet is arranged on the radial outside of the single module, and is also arranged in an annular shape, and above is an annular steam drum; the total flue 27 is arranged annularly on the outermost side, and the dust collector 28, the induced draft fan 29 and the chimney 30 are arranged outside the system.
  • FIG. 6 shows the fourth combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to the present invention:
  • the cross-section of the entire system is arranged in a circular shape; wherein, from the center of the circle in the radial direction, the general flue 27, the common steam drum 14 and the common slag drum 1 are arranged in order from the center of the circle in the radial direction.
  • An operation module 22 is arranged below the slag bag 1, the operation module 22 is placed around the center of the circle, and the dust collector 28, the induced draft fan 29 and the chimney 30 are arranged in the center of the system.

Abstract

Disclosed is a modularized natural convection boiler system for recovering waste heat of liquid slag. A granulating bin, a mobile bed and a hot air duct of each operation module are each provided with a water-cooling heating surface; and generated steam is gathered into a shared boiler steam drum, enters the hot air duct and the granulating bin in each operation module separately for reheating after being subjected to steam-water separation, and finally is formed into superheated steam for subsequent use. After entering each operation module, air sequentially passes through the mobile bed and the granulating bin to form hot air, the hot air enters a water-cooling hot air duct and then is subjected to full heat exchange therein, and cooled air is finally gathered on a shared main flue, and is discharged from a chimney after passing through a dust remover and an induced draft fan. The present invention can be flexibly combined according to different processing amounts and different field areas; multiple modules can be used and prepared, and the reliability of the system is thus improved; heat exchange units are compactly arranged, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by means of countercurrent heat exchange, and the loss of available energy is reduced; and the steam drum is used in the system, so that natural convection is realized, and the consumption of a water pump is reduced.

Description

一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***Modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于高温液态熔渣余热回收技术领域，具体涉及一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***。The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature liquid slag waste heat recovery, and in particular relates to a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery.
背景技术Background technique
中国目前是全球最大的钢铁生产国。2018年中国生铁产量约7.71亿吨，约占世界总产量的60％，在冶炼生铁的过程中同时会产生蕴含巨大热量的高炉渣。高炉渣的出炉温度一般在1400～1550℃之间，每吨渣含(1260～1880)×103kJ的显热，相当于60kg标准煤。在我国现有的炼铁技术下，每生产1吨生铁副产0.3吨高炉渣，以目前我国生铁产量7.71亿吨进行计算，可折合产生约2.31亿吨以上的高炉渣，其显热量相当于约1387.98万吨标准煤。China is currently the world's largest steel producer. In 2018, China's pig iron output was about 771 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's total output. In the process of smelting pig iron, blast furnace slag containing huge heat will also be produced. The discharge temperature of blast furnace slag is generally between 1400 and 1550°C, and each ton of slag contains (1260 to 1880) × 103 kJ of sensible heat, which is equivalent to 60 kg of standard coal. Under my country’s existing ironmaking technology, for every ton of pig iron produced by-produced 0.3 tons of blast furnace slag, based on the current production of 771 million tons of pig iron in my country, it can be converted to produce more than 231 million tons of blast furnace slag, and its sensible heat is equivalent to About 13.879800 tons of standard coal.
干渣坑冷却法和水冲渣法是目前我国最常见的高炉渣处理方法。干渣坑法降温时产生大量水蒸气，同时释放出大量的H 2S和SO 2气体，腐蚀建筑、破坏设备和恶化工作环境。水冲渣法在处理过程浪费大量水资源，产生SO 2和H 2S等有害气体，也不能有效回收高温液态熔渣所含有的高品质余热资源。目前，这些处理方式已不能适应目前钢铁行业节能减排的迫切需求，必须寻求一种高效、无污染的新技术对液态熔渣资源进行有效回收。 Dry slag pit cooling method and water flushing slag method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in my country. The dry slag pit method produces a large amount of water vapor when cooling down, and releases a large amount of H 2 S and SO 2 gas at the same time, which corrodes buildings, destroys equipment and deteriorates the working environment. The water flushing slag method wastes a lot of water resources during the treatment process, generates harmful gases such as SO 2 and H 2 S, and cannot effectively recover the high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag. At present, these treatment methods can no longer meet the current urgent needs of energy saving and emission reduction in the iron and steel industry, and it is necessary to seek a new high-efficiency and pollution-free technology to effectively recover liquid slag resources.
干式粒化技术相比于水淬法具有以下优点，不消耗新水、无H 2S和SO 2排放、回收炉渣显热、节省生产水泥时干燥湿渣的能耗。但往往回收热量效果不好。高炉熔渣干式显热回收的主要技术难点在于：在***中，单个粒化装置处理量小且难以提高，而现实需要大规模处理，同时目前几乎都是改造项目，场地条件有限；***可靠性差；设备分散，换热效率低；厂用电高；产生渣棉无法处理，料层内容易返热结块。 Compared with the water quenching method, the dry granulation technology has the following advantages: it does not consume fresh water, has no H 2 S and SO 2 emissions, recovers the sensible heat of the slag, and saves the energy consumption of drying wet slag when producing cement. But often the heat recovery effect is not good. The main technical difficulties of blast furnace slag dry sensible heat recovery are: in the system, the processing capacity of a single granulation device is small and difficult to increase, but the reality requires large-scale processing. At the same time, almost all of them are renovation projects with limited site conditions; the system is reliable Poor performance; scattered equipment, low heat exchange efficiency; high plant power consumption; generated slag cotton cannot be processed, and the material layer is easy to reheat and agglomerate.
综上，针对上述问题，需要设计良好的高炉渣余热回收***达到目的。In summary, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to design a well-designed blast furnace slag waste heat recovery system to achieve the goal.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，以达到高炉渣处理过程中余热回收及获得高附加值渣制品的目的。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery in order to achieve the waste heat recovery in the blast furnace slag treatment process and obtain high value-added slag in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The purpose of the product.
本发明采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，包括多个运行模块，渣包下部对应每个运行模块设置有粒化仓水冷壁，粒化仓水冷壁的上部设置有水冷热风道，粒化仓水冷壁的下部设置有移动床水冷壁，粒化仓水冷壁、移动床水冷壁以及水冷热热风道产生的蒸汽汇入 锅炉汽包用于汽水分离，再分别进入水冷热风道和粒化仓加热形成过热蒸汽；空气进入每个运行模块后，依次经移动床、粒化仓形成热风，进入水冷热风道换热冷却后的空气汇聚于共用的总烟道内，经除尘器和引风机后由烟囱排出。A modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat, including multiple operation modules. The lower part of the slag bag is provided with a granulation silo water wall corresponding to each operation module, and the upper part of the granulation silo water wall is provided with water-cooled hot air. The lower part of the water wall of the granulation silo is provided with a moving bed water wall. The steam produced by the water wall of the granulation silo, the moving bed water wall and the water-cooled hot air duct is fed into the boiler drum for steam-water separation, and then enters the water-cooled hot air separately. The duct and the granulation chamber are heated to form superheated steam; after the air enters each operating module, it passes through the moving bed and the granulation chamber in turn to form hot air, enters the water-cooled hot air duct, heat exchanges and cools the air, and gathers in the common flue and passes through the dust collector. And the induced draft fan is discharged from the chimney.
具体的，多个运行模块共用一个锅炉汽包，每个运行模块的烟道中均设置有省煤器，锅炉给水通过省煤器进入共用的锅炉汽包，锅炉汽包下部对应每个运行模块均设置单独的下降管，下降管的底部与布置在移动床水冷壁下部的下集箱连接，下集箱将水均匀分配给移动床水冷壁。Specifically, multiple operation modules share a boiler drum, and the flue of each operation module is equipped with an economizer. The boiler feed water enters the shared boiler drum through the economizer. The lower part of the boiler drum corresponds to each operation module. A separate downcomer is arranged, and the bottom of the downcomer is connected with a lower header arranged at the lower part of the water wall of the moving bed, and the lower header evenly distributes water to the water wall of the moving bed.
进一步的，移动床水冷壁的内外墙之间设置有埋管，移动床水冷壁上部与粒化仓水冷壁连接，粒化仓水冷壁的一部分与锅炉汽包连接，另一部分组成水冷热风道后再与锅炉汽包连接。Further, a buried pipe is arranged between the inner and outer walls of the water wall of the moving bed, the upper part of the water wall of the moving bed is connected with the water wall of the granulation silo, a part of the water wall of the granulation silo is connected to the boiler steam drum, and the other part forms the water-cooled hot air duct. Then connect with the boiler drum.
更进一步的，水冷热风道内设置有对流管束，对流管束与锅炉汽包的底部连接；锅炉汽包上部分离的饱和蒸汽经饱和蒸汽管分别进入每个运行模块的水冷热风道内，通过热风道过热器换热后进入粒化仓顶部的二级过热器形成过热蒸汽。Furthermore, a convection tube bundle is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct, and the convection tube bundle is connected to the bottom of the boiler steam drum; the saturated steam separated from the upper part of the boiler drum enters the water-cooled hot air duct of each operating module through the saturated steam tube, and passes through the hot air duct superheater. After heat exchange, it enters the secondary superheater at the top of the granulation silo to form superheated steam.
具体的，多个运行模块共用一个渣包，渣包的一侧设置有进渣口，渣包的上方设置有补燃燃烧器，渣包的下方对应每个运行模块均设置有单独的塞棒和落渣管。Specifically, multiple operation modules share a slag bag, one side of the slag bag is provided with a slag inlet, an afterburner is provided above the slag bag, and a separate stopper is provided under the slag bag for each operation module. And slagging pipe.
进一步的，塞棒的下方和落渣管的上部均设置有水口，落渣管下方设置的粒化仓的中心布置有粒化器，粒化仓的四周和顶部布置有粒化仓水冷壁及水冷热风道，移动床的下部设置散料堆积层和排渣机构。Further, the lower part of the stopper rod and the upper part of the slagging pipe are provided with nozzles, the center of the granulation bin arranged under the slagging pipe is equipped with a granulator, and the surrounding and top of the granulation bin are arranged with water-cooled walls and The water-cooled hot air duct, the lower part of the moving bed is provided with a bulk material accumulation layer and a slag discharge mechanism.
具体的，每个运行模块的移动床下部，在移动床水冷壁与内墙水冷壁之间均设置有多层结构的错排布风管，风通过错排布风管依次经其上方设置的移动床内埋管、风冷耙、错排管束和粒化仓顶部的折风角后进入水冷热风道。Specifically, at the lower part of the moving bed of each operating module, a multi-layer staggered air duct is arranged between the water wall of the moving bed and the water wall of the inner wall, and the wind passes through the staggered air ducts through the staggered air ducts in turn. The buried pipes in the moving bed, the air-cooled rake, the staggered pipe bundles and the wind corners at the top of the granulation warehouse enter the water-cooled hot air duct.
进一步的，水冷热风道内依次设置有热风道过热器、对流管束以及省煤器，水冷热风道的尾部连接多个运行模块共用的总烟道，经总烟道依次连接除尘器、引风机和烟囱。Further, a hot air duct superheater, a convection tube bundle, and an economizer are arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct in sequence. The tail of the water-cooled hot air duct is connected to a general flue shared by multiple operating modules, and the dust collector, an induced draft fan and a chimney are sequentially connected through the general flue. .
具体的，移动床和粒化仓之间设置有错排管束，错排管束之间设置有旋转剪切破碎刀，旋转剪切破碎刀的内部能够通入冷却介质。Specifically, a staggered tube bundle is arranged between the moving bed and the granulation bin, and a rotating shearing and crushing knife is arranged between the staggered tube bundle, and the cooling medium can be passed into the interior of the rotating shearing and crushing knife.
具体的，移动床的料层下方设置有风冷耙，风冷耙的风帽开口方向竖直向上，风冷耙的一端设置在移动床的外部，另一端靠近内墙水冷壁设置。Specifically, an air-cooled rake is arranged under the material layer of the moving bed, and the opening direction of the air-cooled rake is vertically upward. One end of the air-cooled rake is arranged outside the moving bed, and the other end is arranged near the water-cooled wall of the inner wall.
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，通过多个运行模块，可以针对不同处理量，不同的场地面积灵活组合；可以多用多备，提高***可靠性，换热单元紧凑 布置，逆流换热提高换热效率，减少可用能损失。The present invention is a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery. Through multiple operation modules, it can be flexibly combined according to different processing volumes and different site areas; it can be used for multiple purposes, improve system reliability, and heat exchange. The unit is compactly arranged, countercurrent heat exchange improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces available energy loss.
进一步的，***中采用锅炉汽包，自然对流，减少水泵消耗。Furthermore, the boiler steam drum is used in the system, and natural convection is adopted to reduce water pump consumption.
进一步的，***通过在移动床和粒化仓设置自然对流水冷壁，并在料层中设置埋管，在移动床和粒化仓之间设置错排管束，提升了锅炉***总体的换热效率，从而减少了设备钢材消耗，同时减少了水泵***厂用电消耗。Furthermore, the system improves the overall heat exchange efficiency of the boiler system by setting up natural convection water walls in the moving bed and granulation bin, setting buried pipes in the material layer, and staggered tube bundles between the moving bed and granulation bin. , Thereby reducing equipment steel consumption, while reducing plant power consumption of the pump system.
进一步的，***通过在设置水冷热风道，并在热风道内设置对流管束及热风道过热器，减少了热风道的保温材料消耗，同时使得烟气在热风道内快速冷却，从而减少了热风道体积及截面积，减少了钢材消耗及引风机电耗。Furthermore, the system reduces the consumption of thermal insulation materials in the hot air duct by installing water-cooled hot air ducts, convection tube bundles and hot air duct superheaters in the hot air ducts, and at the same time enables the flue gas to be rapidly cooled in the hot air ducts, thereby reducing the volume and volume of the hot air ducts. The cross-sectional area reduces the steel consumption and the power consumption of the induced draft fan.
进一步的，***通过多个运行模块共用一个渣包，使得渣包的保温耐材消耗量降低、燃烧器可以共用以减少设备投资，同时多个运行模块多用多备，便于在***总体不停机的情况下随时检修维护，提升***可靠性。Further, the system shares a slag bag through multiple operation modules, which reduces the consumption of heat preservation refractory material in the slag bag, and the burner can be shared to reduce equipment investment. At the same time, multiple operation modules are used and prepared, which is convenient for non-stop system in the overall system. Under the circumstances, maintenance can be performed at any time to improve system reliability.
进一步的，移动床与粒化仓之间布置有错排布置的管束，可以让颗粒在飞行的过程中与之换热，强化液滴在飞行过程中的辐射换热，提高玻璃体转化率，降低颗粒落到移动床之上的温度，防止反热粘结。Furthermore, there are staggered tube bundles arranged between the moving bed and the granulation bin, which can allow the particles to exchange heat with them during flight, strengthen the radiation heat exchange of the droplets during flight, increase the glass conversion rate, and reduce The temperature at which the particles fall onto the moving bed to prevent thermal bonding.
进一步的，布置有除渣棉装置，防止渣棉堆积，料层粘结，有利于形成疏松而平坦的料层，防止窜风。Further, a device for removing scum and cotton is arranged to prevent the accumulation of scum and cotton, and the material layer is bonded, which is beneficial to form a loose and flat material layer and prevents wind blowing.
进一步的，在移动床料层下布置有风冷耙，风冷耙可以刮平并疏松料层，同时风冷耙内有风从风帽中喷出，可以增强料层表面的冷却，防止颗粒粘结，也可以冷却风冷耙。Furthermore, an air-cooled rake is arranged under the material layer of the moving bed, the air-cooled rake can scrape and loosen the material layer, and at the same time, the wind in the air-cooled rake is sprayed from the hood, which can enhance the cooling of the surface of the material layer and prevent particles from sticking. As a result, the air-cooled rake can also be cooled.
综上所述，本发明组合灵活，***可靠性高，换热效率高，钢材消耗小，厂用电损失小。In summary, the present invention has flexible combination, high system reliability, high heat exchange efficiency, low steel consumption, and low power consumption loss.
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明单个运行模块的一种方案；Figure 1 is a scheme of a single operating module of the present invention;
图2为本发明单个运行模块的另一种方案；Figure 2 is another scheme of a single operating module of the present invention;
图3为本发明模块组合的第一种方案；Figure 3 is the first scheme of module combination of the present invention;
图4为本发明模块组合的第二种方案；Figure 4 is the second scheme of module combination of the present invention;
图5为本发明模块组合的第三种方案；Figure 5 is the third scheme of module combination of the present invention;
图6为本发明模块组合的第四种方案。Fig. 6 is the fourth scheme of module combination of the present invention.
其中：1.渣包；2.补燃燃烧器；3.塞棒；4.水口；5.落渣管；6.粒化器；7.移动床水冷壁；8.粒化仓水冷壁；9.旋转剪切破渣棉机构；10.内墙水冷壁；11.移动床内埋管；12.错排布风管； 13.排渣机构；14.汽包；15.对流管束；16.水冷热风道；17.下集箱；18.下降管；19.饱和蒸汽管；20.热风道过热器；21.二级过热器；22.运行模块；23.渣包进渣口；24.折风角；25.风冷耙；26.下集箱分配管；27.总烟道；28.除尘器；29.引风机；30.烟囱；31.错排管束；32.省煤器。Among them: 1. Slag bag; 2. Afterburner; 3. Stopper; 4. Nozzle; 5. Slag drop tube; 6. Pelletizer; 7. Moving bed water wall; 8. Pellet silo water wall; 9. Rotary shearing and slag-breaking cotton mechanism; 10. Inner wall water-cooled wall; 11. Buried pipe in the moving bed; 12. Staggered arrangement of air pipes; 13. Slag discharge mechanism; 14. Steam drum; 15. Convection tube bundle; 16 . Water-cooled hot air duct; 17. Lower header; 18. Downcomer; 19. Saturated steam pipe; 20. Hot air duct superheater; 21. Secondary superheater; 22. Operation module; 23. Slag bag slag inlet; 24. Wind angle; 25. Air-cooled rake; 26. Lower header distribution pipe; 27. Total flue; 28. Dust collector; 29. Induced draft fan; 30. Chimney; 31. Staggered tube bundle; 32. Economizer .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“一侧”、“一端”、“一边”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", etc. are based on the drawings The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
本发明提供了一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，由多个运行模块以及共用的渣包、锅炉汽包、总烟道、引风机、除尘器及烟囱组成。其中，每个运行模块包括安装在渣包对应位置的水口、塞棒、落渣管以及布置在渣包下的粒化仓、以及粒化仓下的移动床、粒化仓上部的热风道共同组成。在每个运行模块的粒化仓、移动床以及热风道均布置水冷受热面，产生的蒸汽汇入共用的锅炉汽包中，进行汽水分离后再分别进入每个运行模块内的热风道及粒化仓再次加热，最终形成过热蒸汽进行后续利用。而空气进入每个运行模块后，依次经过移动床、粒化仓后形成热风，进入水冷热风道后在其中进行充分换热，冷却后的空气最终汇聚于共用的总烟道上，经过除尘器及引风机后由烟囱排出。本发明可以针对不同处理量，不同的场地面积灵活组合；可以多用多备，提高***可靠性；换热单元紧凑布置，逆流换热提高换热效率，减少可用能损失；***中采用汽包，自然对流，减少水泵消耗。The invention provides a modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat, which is composed of multiple operating modules and shared slag drums, boiler steam drums, general flue, induced draft fans, dust collectors and chimneys. Among them, each operation module includes the nozzle, stopper rod, slag pipe installed at the corresponding position of the slag bag, the granulation bin arranged under the slag bag, the moving bed under the granulation bin, and the hot air duct on the upper part of the granulation bin. composition. Water-cooled heating surfaces are arranged in the granulation warehouse, moving bed and hot air duct of each operation module, and the generated steam is merged into the common boiler steam drum, and the steam and water are separated and then enters the hot air duct and granule in each operation module. The chemical chamber is heated again, and finally superheated steam is formed for subsequent use. After the air enters each operating module, it passes through the moving bed and the granulation chamber in turn to form hot air, enters the water-cooled hot air duct, and conducts sufficient heat exchange in it. The cooled air finally converges on the common flue and passes through the dust collector and The induced draft fan is discharged from the chimney. The invention can be flexibly combined according to different processing volumes and different site areas; it can be used and prepared to improve system reliability; heat exchange units are compactly arranged, countercurrent heat exchange improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces available energy loss; steam drums are used in the system, Natural convection reduces pump consumption.
请参阅图1，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，水冷热风道16整个安装在粒化仓的上部，风由下向上再水平运动。其中，运行模块22包括熔渣缓存机构-渣包1、粒化仓、移动床、排渣机构13、水冷热风道16、总烟道27、除尘器、引风机29以及烟囱，包括水的流程、风的流程和熔渣流程。Please refer to FIG. 1, a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery of the present invention. The water-cooled hot air duct 16 is entirely installed in the upper part of the granulation bin, and the wind moves horizontally from bottom to top. Among them, the operation module 22 includes a slag buffer mechanism-slag bag 1, a granulation bin, a moving bed, a slag discharge mechanism 13, a water-cooled hot air duct 16, a general flue 27, a dust collector, an induced draft fan 29, and a chimney, including water flow , Wind flow and slag flow.
对于水流程，锅炉给水通过省煤器32进入汽包14，水通过下降管(分配管)进入到各水冷壁中；移动床水冷壁7和内墙水冷壁10之间有埋管11，水在之间流通。另外，粒化仓水冷壁8可以直接与移动床水冷壁7联通，或者通过埋管11和内墙水冷壁10以及错排管束31与其联通等。粒化仓水冷壁8一侧直接与汽包14联通，另一侧布置在水冷热风道中。For the water process, boiler feed water enters the steam drum 14 through the economizer 32, and the water enters each water wall through the downcomer (distribution pipe); there is a buried pipe 11 between the moving bed water wall 7 and the inner wall water wall 10, and the water Circulate between. In addition, the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo can be directly connected to the water-cooled wall 7 of the moving bed, or communicated with it through the buried pipe 11 and the water-cooled wall 10 of the inner wall, and the staggered tube bundle 31. One side of the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo is directly connected with the steam drum 14, and the other side is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct.
对于风流程，从移动床下部错排布风管12排出的风，穿过料层，到达粒化仓上部，经过折风角24进入水冷热风道16内部；在水冷热风道里，风通过与水冷热风道水冷壁面、热风道过热器20、对流管束15以及省煤器32的换热后，汇入多个运行模块22共用的总烟道，之后通过除尘后由烟囱排出。For the air flow, the wind discharged from the staggered air duct 12 from the lower part of the moving bed passes through the material layer and reaches the upper part of the granulation silo, and enters the water-cooled hot air duct 16 through the wind angle 24; in the water-cooled hot air duct, the wind passes through and the water cools. After the heat exchange of the hot air duct water-cooled wall surface, the hot air duct superheater 20, the convection tube bundle 15 and the economizer 32, they merge into the general flue shared by the multiple operating modules 22, and then pass through the dust removal and exhaust from the chimney.
对于熔渣流程，每个运行模块22的共用渣包1上方布置有补燃燃烧器2，熔渣通过进渣口23进入渣包1。在共用的渣包1下方，分别为每个运行模块22设置单独的塞棒3以及落渣管5，其中在塞棒3下方和落渣管上部布置有定径的水口4；落渣管5下方的粒化仓的中心布置有粒化器6，粒化仓四周及顶部布置有粒化仓水冷壁8及水冷热风道16，移动床在粒化仓的下部，移动床下部为散料堆积层以及排渣机构13。For the slag process, an afterburner 2 is arranged above the common slag ladle 1 of each operation module 22, and the slag enters the slag ladle 1 through the slag inlet 23. Below the common slag bag 1, a separate stopper rod 3 and a slagging pipe 5 are respectively provided for each operation module 22, wherein a sizing nozzle 4 is arranged under the stopper rod 3 and the upper part of the slagging pipe; the slagging pipe 5 A granulator 6 is arranged in the center of the granulation silo below. The granulation silo water wall 8 and water-cooled hot air duct 16 are arranged around and on the top of the granulation silo. The moving bed is in the lower part of the granulation silo, and the lower part of the moving bed is bulk material accumulation. Tier and slag discharge mechanism 13.
请参阅图2，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，水冷热风道16安装在粒化仓上部和整个装置右侧，风先水平再由上向下运动。Please refer to FIG. 2, a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery of the present invention. The water-cooled hot air duct 16 is installed on the upper part of the granulation bin and on the right side of the whole device.
其中，运行模块22包括熔渣缓存机构-渣包1、粒化仓、移动床、排渣机构13、水冷热风道16、总烟道27、除尘器、引风机29以及烟囱，包括水的流程、风的流程和熔渣流程。Among them, the operation module 22 includes a slag buffer mechanism-slag bag 1, a granulation bin, a moving bed, a slag discharge mechanism 13, a water-cooled hot air duct 16, a general flue 27, a dust collector, an induced draft fan 29, and a chimney, including water flow , Wind flow and slag flow.
对于水流程，锅炉给水通过省煤器32进入汽包14，水通过下降管(分配管)进入到各水冷壁中。其中移动床水冷壁7和内墙水冷壁10之间有埋管11，水在之间流通。另外，粒化仓水冷壁8可以直接与移动床水冷壁7联通，或者通过埋管11和内墙水冷壁10以及错排管束31与其联通等。粒化仓水冷壁8一侧直接与汽包14联通，另一侧布置在水冷热风道中。For the water flow, the boiler feed water enters the steam drum 14 through the economizer 32, and the water enters each water wall through the downcomer (distribution pipe). There is a buried pipe 11 between the moving bed water wall 7 and the inner wall water wall 10, and water circulates therebetween. In addition, the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo can be directly connected to the water-cooled wall 7 of the moving bed, or communicated with it through the buried pipe 11 and the water-cooled wall 10 of the inner wall, and the staggered tube bundle 31. One side of the water-cooled wall 8 of the granulation silo is directly connected with the steam drum 14, and the other side is arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct.
对于风流程，从移动床下部错排布风管12排出的风，穿过料层，到达粒化仓上部，经过折风角24进入水冷热风道16内部。在水冷热风道里，风通过与水冷热风道的水冷壁面、热风道过热器20、对流管束15以及省煤器32的换热后，汇入多个运行模块22共用的总烟道，之后通过除尘后由烟囱排出。For the air flow, the wind discharged from the staggered air ducts 12 at the lower part of the moving bed passes through the material layer, reaches the upper part of the granulation bin, and enters the water-cooled hot air duct 16 through the wind angle 24. In the water-cooled hot air duct, the wind passes through the heat exchange with the water-cooled wall surface of the water-cooled hot air duct, the hot duct superheater 20, the convection tube bundle 15 and the economizer 32, and then merges into the general flue shared by the multiple operation modules 22, and then passes through the dust removal Then it is discharged from the chimney.
对于熔渣流程，每个运行模块22的共用渣包1上方布置有补燃燃烧器2，熔渣通过进渣口23进入渣包1。在共用的渣包1下方，分别为每个运行模块22设置单独的塞棒3以及落渣管5，其中在塞棒3下方和落渣管上部布置有定径的水口4。落渣管5下方的粒化仓的中心布置有粒化器6，粒化仓四周及顶部布置有粒化仓水冷壁8及水冷热风道16，移动床在粒化仓的 下部，移动床下部为散料堆积层以及排渣机构13。For the slag process, an afterburner 2 is arranged above the common slag ladle 1 of each operation module 22, and the slag enters the slag ladle 1 through the slag inlet 23. Below the common slag bag 1, a separate stopper 3 and a slag pipe 5 are respectively provided for each operation module 22, wherein a nozzle 4 of sizing is arranged under the stopper 3 and on the upper part of the slag pipe. A granulator 6 is arranged in the center of the granulation silo below the slagging pipe 5. The granulation silo water wall 8 and the water-cooled hot air duct 16 are arranged around and on the top of the granulation silo. For the bulk material accumulation layer and the slag discharge mechanism 13.
请参阅图3示，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***的第一种组合方案：Please refer to Figure 3, the first combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery of the present invention:
渣包、总烟道以及单个模块均纵向布置组合成一排，每个单模块共用一个渣包1、汽包14、总烟道27、除尘器28、风机29以及烟囱30；熔渣从渣包进渣口23进入每个运行模块22中，产生的烟气汇入总烟道27，被除尘器28处理后排放。汽包产生的蒸汽以及水分别分配进入单个运行模块22中。The slag bag, the general flue and the individual modules are arranged longitudinally and combined into a row. Each single module shares a slag bag 1, a steam drum 14, a general flue 27, a dust collector 28, a fan 29 and a chimney 30; the slag is removed from the slag bag The slag inlet 23 enters each operation module 22, and the generated flue gas flows into the general flue 27, and is discharged after being processed by the dust collector 28. The steam and water generated by the steam drum are respectively distributed into a single operation module 22.
请参阅图4示，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***的第二种组合方案：Please refer to Figure 4, the second combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to the present invention:
渣包1成一排布置，通过各自独立的塞棒3、水口4以及落渣管5与各个单模块相连，运行模块22成两排布置，出口的烟气与总烟道27相连，相应的，总烟道弯曲两面布置，在每面烟道上方布置有共用汽包14。The slag bag 1 is arranged in a row, and is connected to each single module through the independent stopper 3, the nozzle 4 and the slag pipe 5, and the operation module 22 is arranged in two rows, and the flue gas at the outlet is connected to the general flue 27. Correspondingly, The total flue is arranged on two curved sides, and a common steam drum 14 is arranged above each flue.
请参阅图5示，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***的第三种组合方案：Please refer to Fig. 5, the third combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to the present invention:
整个***截面成圆形布置；其中，渣包1在内侧，环形布置在运行模块22上方，且单模块绕一圆心径向布置，其进渣口23在径向一侧。烟气出口布置在单模块径向外侧，也成环形布置，且在上方是环形的汽包；总烟道27环形布置在最外侧，除尘器28、引风机29以及烟囱30布置在***外部。The cross-section of the whole system is arranged in a circular shape; among them, the slag bag 1 is arranged on the inner side, annularly arranged above the running module 22, and the single module is arranged radially around a circle center, and the slag inlet 23 is on the radial side. The flue gas outlet is arranged on the radial outside of the single module, and is also arranged in an annular shape, and above is an annular steam drum; the total flue 27 is arranged annularly on the outermost side, and the dust collector 28, the induced draft fan 29 and the chimney 30 are arranged outside the system.
请参阅图6示，本发明一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***的第四种组合方案：Please refer to Fig. 6, which shows the fourth combination scheme of a modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to the present invention:
整个***截面成圆形布置；其中，从圆心沿径向依次布置截面为环形的总烟道27、共用汽包14以及共用的渣包1。在渣包1的下方布置运行模块22，运行模块22绕圆心放置，除尘器28、引风机29以及烟囱30布置在***中心。The cross-section of the entire system is arranged in a circular shape; wherein, from the center of the circle in the radial direction, the general flue 27, the common steam drum 14 and the common slag drum 1 are arranged in order from the center of the circle in the radial direction. An operation module 22 is arranged below the slag bag 1, the operation module 22 is placed around the center of the circle, and the dust collector 28, the induced draft fan 29 and the chimney 30 are arranged in the center of the system.
以上内容仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。The above content is only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions based on the technical ideas proposed by the present invention fall into the claims of the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，包括多个运行模块(22)，渣包(1)下部对应每个运行模块(22)设置有粒化仓水冷壁(8)，粒化仓水冷壁(8)的上部设置有水冷热风道(16)，粒化仓水冷壁(8)的下部设置有移动床水冷壁(7)，粒化仓水冷壁(8)、移动床水冷壁(7)以及水冷热热风道(16)产生的蒸汽汇入锅炉汽包(14)用于汽水分离，再分别进入水冷热风道(16)和粒化仓加热形成过热蒸汽；空气进入每个运行模块(22)后，依次经移动床、粒化仓形成热风，进入水冷热风道(16)换热冷却后的空气汇聚于共用的总烟道(27)内，经除尘器(28)和引风机(29)后由烟囱(30)排出。A modular natural convection boiler system for recovering liquid slag waste heat, which is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of operating modules (22), and the lower part of the slag bag (1) is provided with a granulation silo water cooling system corresponding to each operating module (22). The upper part of the granulation chamber water wall (8) is provided with a water-cooled hot air duct (16), the lower part of the granulation chamber water wall (8) is provided with a moving bed water wall (7), and the granulation chamber water wall ( 8) The steam generated by the moving bed water wall (7) and the water-cooled hot air duct (16) is fed into the boiler steam drum (14) for steam-water separation, and then enters the water-cooled hot air duct (16) and the granulation warehouse to be heated. Superheated steam; after the air enters each operating module (22), it passes through the moving bed and the granulation chamber to form hot air, and then enters the water-cooled hot air duct (16) for heat exchange and cooling. The air converges in the common flue (27). After passing through the dust collector (28) and the induced draft fan (29), it is discharged from the chimney (30).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，多个运行模块(22)共用一个锅炉汽包(14)，每个运行模块(22)的烟道中均设置有省煤器(32)，锅炉给水通过省煤器(32)进入共用的锅炉汽包(14)，锅炉汽包(14)下部对应每个运行模块(22)均设置单独的下降管(18)，下降管(18)的底部与布置在移动床水冷壁下部的下集箱(17)连接，下集箱(17)将水均匀分配给移动床水冷壁(7)。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of operating modules (22) share a boiler drum (14), and each operating module (22) An economizer (32) is installed in the flue. The boiler feed water enters the shared boiler drum (14) through the economizer (32). The lower part of the boiler drum (14) corresponds to each operating module (22). The downcomer (18), the bottom of the downcomer (18) is connected with a lower header (17) arranged at the lower part of the water wall of the moving bed, and the lower header (17) evenly distributes water to the water wall (7) of the moving bed.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，移动床水冷壁(7)的内外墙之间设置有埋管(11)，移动床水冷壁(7)上部与粒化仓水冷壁(8)连接，粒化仓水冷壁(8)的一部分与锅炉汽包(14)连接，另一部分组成水冷热风道(16)后再与锅炉汽包(14)连接。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that a buried pipe (11) is arranged between the inner and outer walls of the moving bed water wall (7), and the moving bed water wall (7) The upper part is connected with the water wall (8) of the granulation silo, a part of the water wall (8) of the granulation silo is connected to the boiler steam drum (14), and the other part forms the water-cooled hot air duct (16) and then connects to the boiler steam drum ( 14) Connect.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，水冷热风道(16)内设置有对流管束(15)，对流管束(15)与锅炉汽包(14)的底部连接；锅炉汽包(14)上部分离的饱和蒸汽经饱和蒸汽管(19)分别进入每个运行模块(22)的水冷热风道(16)内，通过热风道过热器(20)换热后进入粒化仓顶部的二级过热器(21)形成过热蒸汽。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that the water-cooled hot air duct (16) is provided with a convection tube bundle (15), the convection tube bundle (15) and the boiler drum The bottom of (14) is connected; the saturated steam separated from the upper part of the boiler steam drum (14) enters the water-cooled hot air duct (16) of each operating module (22) through the saturated steam pipe (19), and passes through the hot air duct superheater (20) ) After heat exchange, it enters the secondary superheater (21) at the top of the granulation bin to form superheated steam.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于， 多个运行模块(22)共用一个渣包(1)，渣包(1)的一侧设置有进渣口(23)，渣包(1)的上方设置有补燃燃烧器(2)，渣包(1)的下方对应每个运行模块(22)均设置有单独的塞棒(3)和落渣管(5)。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of operating modules (22) share a slag ladle (1), and one side of the slag ladle (1) is provided There is a slag inlet (23), an afterburner (2) is arranged above the slag bag (1), and a separate stopper (3) is arranged below the slag bag (1) for each operating module (22) And the slagging pipe (5).
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，塞棒(3)的下方和落渣管(5)的上部均设置有水口(4)，落渣管(5)下方设置的粒化仓的中心布置有粒化器(6)，粒化仓的四周和顶部布置有粒化仓水冷壁(8)及水冷热风道(16)，移动床的下部设置散料堆积层和排渣机构(13)。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower part of the stopper rod (3) and the upper part of the slagging pipe (5) are both provided with a nozzle (4), A granulator (6) is arranged in the center of the granulation silo set below the slagging pipe (5), and the granulation silo water-cooled wall (8) and water-cooled hot air duct (16) are arranged around and on the top of the granulation silo, and a moving bed A bulk material accumulation layer and a slag discharge mechanism (13) are arranged at the lower part of the battery.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，每个运行模块(22)的移动床下部，在移动床水冷壁(7)与内墙水冷壁(10)之间均设置有多层结构的错排布风管(12)，风通过错排布风管(12)依次经其上方设置的移动床内埋管(11)、风冷耙(25)、错排管束(32)和粒化仓顶部的折风角(24)后进入水冷热风道(16)。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the moving bed of each operating module (22) is water-cooled between the moving bed water wall (7) and the inner wall. Between the walls (10), there are multi-layer staggered air ducts (12), and the wind passes through the staggered air ducts (12) through the buried pipes (11) and air-cooled rake in the moving bed arranged above them. (25), the staggered tube bundle (32) and the folding angle (24) at the top of the granulation warehouse enter the water-cooled hot air duct (16).
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，水冷热风道(16)内依次设置有热风道过热器(20)、对流管束(15)以及省煤器(32)，水冷热风道(16)的尾部连接多个运行模块(22)共用的总烟道(27)，经总烟道(27)依次连接除尘器(28)、引风机(29)和烟囱(30)。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 7, characterized in that, a hot air duct superheater (20), a convection tube bundle (15) and a hot air duct (16) are sequentially arranged in the water-cooled hot air duct (16). The end of the economizer (32), the water-cooled hot air duct (16) is connected to the general flue (27) shared by multiple operation modules (22), and the dust collector (28) and the induced draft fan (28) are sequentially connected through the general flue (27). 29) and chimney (30).
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，移动床和粒化仓之间设置有错排管束(31)，错排管束(31)之间设置有旋转剪切破碎刀(9)，旋转剪切破碎刀(9)的内部能够通入冷却介质。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that a staggered tube bundle (31) is arranged between the moving bed and the granulation bin, and the staggered tube bundle (31) A rotary shearing and crushing knife (9) is arranged in the middle, and a cooling medium can be passed into the interior of the rotary shearing and crushing knife (9).
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液态熔渣余热回收的模块化自然对流锅炉***，其特征在于，移动床的料层下方设置有风冷耙(25)，风冷耙(25)的风帽开口方向竖直向上，风冷耙(25)的一端设置在移动床的外部，另一端靠近内墙水冷壁(10)设置。The modular natural convection boiler system for liquid slag waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that an air-cooled rake (25) is arranged under the material layer of the moving bed, and the air cap opening of the air-cooled rake (25) The direction is vertical upward, one end of the air-cooled rake (25) is arranged outside the moving bed, and the other end is arranged near the water-cooled wall (10) of the inner wall.
PCT/CN2020/072566 2019-12-04 2020-01-17 Modularized natural convection boiler system for recovering waste heat of liquid slag WO2021109324A1 (en)

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