WO2021108972A1 - 摄像头模组及电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像头模组及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021108972A1
WO2021108972A1 PCT/CN2019/122529 CN2019122529W WO2021108972A1 WO 2021108972 A1 WO2021108972 A1 WO 2021108972A1 CN 2019122529 W CN2019122529 W CN 2019122529W WO 2021108972 A1 WO2021108972 A1 WO 2021108972A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
camera module
axis
shake
lens
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PCT/CN2019/122529
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王伟
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南昌欧菲光电技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/122529 priority Critical patent/WO2021108972A1/zh
Publication of WO2021108972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021108972A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of camera technology, in particular to a camera module, and also to an electronic device with such a camera module.
  • anti-shake functions are currently required to avoid the shaking of the camera equipment caused by the user's hand shake or other factors during the shooting process, and to ensure that the captured images are clear.
  • traditional solutions such as the miniature telephoto camera module used in mobile phones, the method adopted is that the lens has an X- and Y-axis translational anti-shake structure, and at the same time has an auto-focus function along the Z-axis (that is, the optical axis).
  • the aforementioned solutions have fewer anti-shake dimensions and a single anti-shake function, which also limits the camera module to achieve a longer focal length, and causes the camera module to be too large, especially the size of the camera module along the Y axis.
  • a camera module is provided.
  • a camera module includes: a lens, a photosensitive element located on opposite sides of the lens, and a reflective prism, the reflective prism having a light incident surface, the camera module further includes:
  • the first anti-shake mechanism includes a first direction anti-shake structure and a second direction anti-shake structure, wherein the first direction anti-shake structure is used to drive the photosensitive element to rotate around a first axis, and the second direction anti-shake structure The structure is used to drive the photosensitive element to translate along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis;
  • the second anti-shake mechanism includes a third-direction anti-shake mechanism for driving the reflecting prism to rotate around a rotation axis parallel to the second axis, and the rotation axis is parallel to the light incident surface.
  • An electronic device comprising the camera module described in any one of the foregoing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the anti-shake principle of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a camera module capable of realizing multi-axis anti-shake function, which can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers.
  • the camera module 100 is specifically a periscope camera module, which mainly includes a lens 10, a photosensitive element 20 and a reflective prism 30 arranged on opposite sides of the lens 10.
  • the reflective prism 30, the lens 10, and the photosensitive element 20 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, that is, the reflective prism 30, the lens 10, and the photosensitive element 20 are arranged in sequence along the Z direction.
  • the camera module 100 has anti-shake functions in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, in the camera module 100, the first anti-shake function is realized by rotating the photosensitive element 20 , Or the rotating anti-shake function; the second-direction anti-shake function is realized by shifting the photosensitive element 20; the third-direction anti-shake function is realized by rotating the reflecting prism 30.
  • the posture of the camera module 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a side view of the camera module 100 and illustrates the directions of the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes.
  • the first direction anti-shake means that the photosensitive element 20 rotates around the first axis, that is, around the Z axis, that is, rotates in the first plane perpendicular to the Z axis, and the rotation direction is shown by the arrow R1 to compensate the lens 10 in the The image is blurred due to the first direction jitter.
  • the second direction anti-shake means that the photosensitive element 20 is translated along the second axis, that is, along the X axis, to compensate for the image blur caused by the shaking of the lens 10 in the X axis direction.
  • the moving direction is shown by the arrow X in FIG. 1.
  • the X-axis direction is the direction perpendicular to the drawing surface, and the X-axis is perpendicular to the Z-axis.
  • the second direction anti-shake can be defined as the X-axis direction anti-shake function.
  • Anti-shake in the third direction means that the reflecting prism 30 is rotated around a rotating shaft 710 parallel to the second axis, and the direction of rotation is shown by the arrow R2 in FIG. 1, so that the position of the light incident surface 310 of the reflecting prism 30 in the Y-axis direction can be obtained. Fine-tuning, so as to compensate for the blur of the image caused by the shaking of the lens 10 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the Y-axis direction refers to the up and down direction, and is also the height direction of the electronic device when the electronic device is held in a long-range shooting. Therefore, the third-direction anti-shake is achieved by rotating the reflective prism 30 to adjust the position of the light incident surface 310 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the rotating shaft 710 and the light incident surface 310 are arranged to be parallel, that is, the axis of the rotating shaft 710 is parallel to the light incident surface 310.
  • the reflecting prism 30 rotates around the rotation axis 710 in a second plane in the direction indicated by the arrow R2, and the second plane and the aforementioned first plane are perpendicular to each other.
  • the third direction anti-shake can be defined as the Y-axis anti-shake function.
  • the Z axis is along the left and right direction, the rotation plane of the photosensitive element 20, that is, the first plane is perpendicular to the Z axis, and more specifically the first plane is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing; the reflecting prism 30
  • the rotation plane of is a second plane, the second plane is parallel to the drawing plane, and the second plane is perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the light incident surface 310 is parallel to the first axis.
  • the camera module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention adds the first direction anti-shake, which increases the dimension of anti-shake and increases With anti-shake function.
  • the second direction anti-shake (corresponding to the X-axis direction anti-shake in the traditional technology) is changed to the photosensitive element 20, and the lens 10 is only used to realize the automatic Z-axis direction.
  • Focusing so that the lens 10 avoids complex anti-shake design and large power consumption, so the size of the camera module 100 in the Y-axis direction can be reduced, which is conducive to thinning, and is conducive to setting the lens 10 to a longer focal length. Focus module, so as to better meet the needs of long-range shooting.
  • the camera module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the camera module 100 of an embodiment includes a lens 10, a photosensitive element 20, a reflecting prism 30, a driving mechanism and a housing 50.
  • the housing 50 has a accommodating cavity 510, in which the lens 10, the photosensitive element 20, and the reflecting prism 30 are arranged in the accommodating cavity 510.
  • the photosensitive element 20 and the reflecting prism 30 are located on both sides of the lens 10 separately.
  • the driving mechanism is used to drive the lens 10 to move along its Z axis to achieve zooming or focusing.
  • the driving mechanism includes a motor 410 having a driving end 411 and a force transmission member 420 connecting the driving end 411 and the lens 10.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the camera module 100. Therefore, as shown in the X, Y, and Z coordinate axis systems in Figure 2, the Z axis direction is the left and right direction, the X axis direction is the up and down direction, and the Y axis direction is The direction perpendicular to the drawing surface. In FIG. 2, the Z axis coincides with the optical axis of the lens 10, and the two directions are the same.
  • a first anti-shake mechanism and a second anti-shake mechanism are provided in the housing 50, wherein the first anti-shake mechanism includes a first direction anti-shake mechanism and a second direction anti-shake mechanism.
  • the mechanisms are respectively used to realize the first direction anti-shake and the second direction anti-shake;
  • the second anti-shake mechanism includes a third-direction anti-shake mechanism, which is used to realize the third-direction anti-shake.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism and the second anti-shake mechanism can be implemented in different ways, respectively, which will be described in detail below with examples.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism includes a moving part 610, a fixed part 620, and an elastic reset member 630 connecting the moving part 610 and the fixed part 620.
  • the combination of the moving part 610 and the fixed part 620 is equivalent to a micro-electromechanical system.
  • the moving part 610 and the photosensitive element 20 can be driven by the fixed part 620 to move together.
  • the fixed part 620 is fixed in the accommodating cavity 510 of the housing 10 with elasticity.
  • the reset member 630 provides the function of resetting the moving part 610.
  • the moving part 610 includes a movable bracket 611, a first rigid-flex board 612, a first moving magnetic member 613, and a second moving magnetic member 614, wherein the first flexible-hard combined board 612 is disposed on the movable bracket 611, the first moving magnetic part 613 and the second moving magnetic part 614 are both arranged on the first rigid-flex board 612.
  • the fixing part 620 includes a fixing bracket 621 fixed in the housing 50, a first fixed magnetic unit 622 and a second fixed magnetic unit 623 arranged on the fixing bracket 621.
  • the movable bracket 611 is connected to the fixed bracket 621 through the elastic reset member 630, so that the movable bracket 61 and the first rigid-flex board 612 can move relative to the fixed bracket 621.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is disposed on the first rigid-flex board 612, and at least one of the first movable magnetic member 613 and the first fixed magnetic unit 622 is an electromagnetic unit, and the first movable magnetic member 613 is connected to the first fixed magnetic unit.
  • the cooperation of the magnetic unit 622 drives the photosensitive element 20 to rotate in a first plane perpendicular to the Z axis, thereby compensating for image blur caused by the shaking of the lens 10 in the first direction.
  • the movable bracket 611, the first flexible and hard combined board 612, the first movable magnetic member 613, the fixed bracket 621, the first fixed magnetic unit 622, and the elastic reset member 630 constitute a first direction anti-shake structure.
  • Anti-shake in the second direction is achieved by translating the photosensitive element 20.
  • at least one of the second moving magnetic member 614 and the second fixed magnetic unit 623 is an electromagnetic unit.
  • the electromagnetic unit is a unit that generates magnetic force after energization, such as an electromagnetic coil. Therefore, the movable bracket 611, the first flexible and hard combined board 612, the second movable magnetic member 614, the fixed bracket 621, the second fixed magnetic unit 623, and the elastic reset member 630 constitute a second direction anti-shake structure. Further, the first rigid-flex board 612, the fixing bracket 621, and the elastic reset member 630 are shared by the first direction anti-shake structure and the second direction anti-shake structure, which simplifies the overall anti-shake structure.
  • the first rigid-flex board 6112 includes a first rigid circuit board 6121 and a first flexible circuit board 6122 connected to the first rigid circuit board 6121, wherein the first flexible circuit board 6122 is connected to the movable support 611,
  • the photosensitive element 20 and the first moving magnetic part 613 are both disposed on the first rigid circuit board 6121, and the second moving magnetic part 614 is disposed on the first flexible circuit board 6122.
  • the first moving magnetic member 613 cooperates with the first fixed magnetic unit 622
  • the first hard circuit board 6121 drives the photosensitive element 20 and the movable support 611 to rotate in the first plane perpendicular to the Z axis, thereby realizing the first direction prevention shake.
  • the second moving magnetic member 614 is disposed on the first flexible circuit board 6122.
  • the second moving magnetic member 614 interacts with the second fixed magnetic unit 623, the second moving magnetic member 614 drives the movable support 611 to translate in the X-axis direction through the first flexible circuit board 6122, thereby achieving anti-shake in the second direction.
  • the photosensitive element 20 and the first moving magnetic member 613 are both arranged on the rigid part of the first flexible and rigid combined plate 6112, which has better support.
  • the first rigid circuit board 6121 and the movable support 611 are connected through the first flexible circuit board 6122, and the first flexible circuit board 6122 has better flexibility, the first rigid circuit board 6121 is When the photosensitive element 20 is driven to rotate, the force is transmitted to the movable support 611 through the first flexible circuit board 6122, so the connection part between the first rigid circuit board 6121 and the movable support 611 is not easily broken.
  • the first movable magnetic member 613 is specifically a magnet
  • the first fixed magnetic unit 622 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the two positions correspond to each other.
  • the arrangement of the first movable magnetic member 613 and the first fixed magnetic unit 622 may also be: the first movable magnetic member 613 is an electromagnetic coil, and the first fixed magnetic unit 622 is a magnet; or the first movable magnetic member 622 is a magnet. Both the member 613 and the first fixed magnetic unit 622 are electromagnetic coils.
  • the second movable magnetic member 614 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the second fixed magnetic unit 623 is a magnet
  • the two positions correspond to each other.
  • the second movable magnetic element 614 and the second fixed magnetic unit 623 can also be arranged as follows: the second movable magnetic element 614 is a magnet, and the second fixed magnetic unit 623 is an electromagnetic coil; or the second movable magnet Both the member 614 and the second fixed magnetic unit 623 are electromagnetic coils.
  • the first movable magnetic element 613 is a magnet
  • the first fixed magnetic unit 622 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the second movable magnetic element 614 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the second fixed magnetic unit 623 is a magnet.
  • the elastic reset member 630 is used to provide the reset of the movable bracket 611.
  • the movable bracket 611 is also provided with a first magnet 617
  • the fixed bracket 621 is correspondingly provided with a second magnet 617.
  • Magnet 627 The first magnet 617 and the second magnet 627 are attracted to each other, and play a role of assisting the resetting of the movable bracket 611.
  • the first direction anti-shake and the second direction anti-shake can also be combined with the translation of the lens 10 in the Z-axis direction to achieve anti-shake, thereby improving the anti-shake effect of the entire camera module 100.
  • the fixing portion 620 further includes a first magnetic sensor disposed on the side of the fixing bracket 621 facing away from the lens 10 624 is used to sense a change in the position of the first moving magnetic member 613.
  • the first magnetic sensor 624 can sense the position of the first moving magnetic member 613 in real time, so that the driving mechanism can be precisely controlled by the control unit of the electronic device, and thus the movement of the lens 10 can be precisely controlled.
  • the moving part 610 further includes a second magnetic sensor 615 arranged on the first flexible circuit board 6122 to sense the second fixed The location of the magnetic unit 623.
  • the second magnetic sensor 615 can sense the position of the second fixed magnetic unit 623 in real time, so that the driving mechanism can be precisely controlled by the control unit of the electronic device, and thus the movement of the lens 10 can be precisely controlled.
  • the first fixed magnetic unit 622 is an electromagnetic coil and surrounds the second magnetic sensor 624, which saves the installation space on the side of the fixed bracket 621 facing away from the lens 10.
  • the second moving magnetic member 614 is an electromagnetic coil and surrounds the second magnetic sensor 615, which saves the installation space on the first rigid-flex board 611. Both the first magnetic sensor 624 and the second magnetic sensor 615 are Hall sensors.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism uses an electromagnetic drive to drive the photosensitive element 20 to move, so as to realize anti-shake in the first direction and anti-shake in the second direction.
  • the mechanical structure of the electromagnetic drive mode is simple, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the camera module 100.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism can also use other methods to drive the photosensitive element to move.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism may include a first direction anti-shake structure and a second direction anti-shake structure.
  • the first direction anti-shake structure is a memory alloy structure for driving the photosensitive element 20 to rotate to achieve the first direction anti-shake structure.
  • the second direction anti-shake structure is also a memory alloy structure, used to drive the first direction anti-shake structure together with the photosensitive element 20 along the X-axis direction to achieve the second direction anti-shake.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism may adopt a micro-electromechanical system, similar to the shape memory alloy solution, by providing a first direction anti-shake structure and a second direction anti-shake structure to realize the first direction and the second direction anti-shake respectively.
  • the second anti-shake mechanism is used to drive the reflective prism 30 to rotate to achieve third-direction anti-shake.
  • the third-direction anti-shake structure of the second anti-shake mechanism can also be implemented in multiple ways.
  • the third-direction anti-shake joint includes a rotating shaft 710, a first magnetic element 720, a second magnetic element 730, and a second rigid-flex board 740.
  • the rotating shaft 710 is supported by the housing 50, and the first magnetic element 730 is fixedly connected to the reflective prism 30 directly or through an intermediate element.
  • the second rigid-flex board 740 includes a second rigid circuit board 741 fixed in the housing 50.
  • the second magnetic element 730 is disposed on the second hard circuit board 741. At least one of the second magnetic element 720 and the second magnetic element 730 is an electromagnetic unit.
  • the electromagnetic unit is a unit that generates magnetic force after being energized, such as an electromagnetic coil.
  • the first magnetic element 720 is a magnet
  • the second magnetic element 730 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the arrangement of the first magnetic element 720 and the second magnetic element 730 may also be: the first magnetic element 720 is an electromagnetic coil, and the second magnetic element 730 is a magnet; or the first magnetic element 720 and the second magnetic element 730 are The magnetic elements 730 are all electromagnetic coils.
  • the reflection prism 30 is rotated by an electromagnetic drive to achieve anti-shake in the Y-axis direction.
  • the reflection prism 30 does not need to have a large translation distance in the Y-axis direction, and it does not need to be set in the Y-axis direction.
  • the large translation mechanism realizes the Y-axis anti-shake function and facilitates the thinning of the camera module.
  • shape memory alloy technology, stepping motors, piezoelectric motors, etc. can also be used to drive the reflecting prism 30, as long as the reflecting prism 30 can be rotated.
  • the second anti-shake mechanism further includes a third magnetic sensor 750 arranged on the second rigid circuit board 741 to sense the first The position of the magnetic element 720 is changed, and the driving mechanism is precisely controlled by the control unit of the electronic device, thereby precisely controlling the movement of the lens 10.
  • the first magnetic element 720 is a magnet
  • the second magnetic element 730 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the third magnetic sensor 750 is arranged in a space enclosed by the electromagnetic coil to save installation space.
  • the third magnetic sensor 750 is a Hall sensor.
  • the second rigid-flex board 740 further includes a second flexible circuit board 742 connected to the second rigid circuit board 741.
  • the second flexible circuit board 742 extends out of the housing 50 to be electrically connected to the main control board in the electronic device.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a lens magnetic member 120 and a fourth magnetic sensor 130.
  • the lens magnetic member 120 is fixedly connected to the lens 10
  • the fourth magnetic sensor 130 is provided ⁇ The second hard circuit board 741.
  • the fourth magnetic sensor 130 can sense the position change of the lens magnetic member 120 in real time, so as to precisely control the driving mechanism and realize the rapid focusing of the camera module 100 in the Z-axis direction.
  • the fourth magnetic sensor 130 is specifically a Hall sensor.
  • the driving mechanism includes a motor 410 with a driving end 411 fixed in the housing 50 and a force transmission member 420 connecting the driving end and the lens 10.
  • the motor 410 may be a different type of driving motor, for example, a piezoelectric motor, a voice coil motor, a stepping motor, a ball type motor, or a shape memory alloy motor.
  • the motor 410 drives the lens 10 to move in the Z-axis direction through the force transmission member 420 to achieve rapid zooming or focusing. In this embodiment, only one motor 410 may be provided, which can reduce the installation process and reduce the production cost.
  • a guide mechanism 140 is also provided in the housing cavity 510 of the housing 50 to assist the lens 10 to move along the optical axis direction to ensure stable movement of the lens 10 Sexuality and good orientation.
  • the guiding mechanism 140 includes a guide rail 141 and a sliding member 142, wherein the guide rail 141 is fixed in the housing 10, and the sliding member 142 connects the force transmission member 420 to the lens 10.
  • the lens 10 moves along the Z-axis direction on the guide rail 141, moving smoothly without shaking, so as to achieve a better focusing effect, and achieve an imaging effect with good image quality and high picture clarity.
  • the camera module 100 further includes an internal frame 150 fixed to the inner wall of the housing 50, and the lens 10, the reflecting prism 30, and the driving mechanism are all disposed in the internal frame 150.
  • the internal frame 150, the lens 10, the reflecting prism 30, the driving mechanism, etc. can be assembled into modules in advance, which improves the degree of modularity of the camera module 100 and further improves the assembly efficiency when assembling the camera module 100.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a filter 160, and the filter 160 is disposed on the side of the fixing bracket 621 facing the lens to improve the shooting performance of the camera module 100.
  • the elastic restoring member 630 is made of a material with elastic deformation ability.
  • the elastic reset member 630 provides elastic force to reset the movable bracket 611; on the other hand, the elastic reset member 630 connects the movable bracket 611 to the fixed bracket 621, which is a supporting element of the movable bracket 611 in the housing 50. , No additional support element is required.
  • the elastic restoring member 630 is an elastic sheet with good willfulness and deformability.
  • both ends of the movable bracket 611 are provided with an elastic reset member 630 and connected to the fixed bracket 620 to improve the stability of supporting the movable bracket 611.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including the camera module 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments, where the electronic device may be a smart mobile terminal such as a mobile phone or a tablet.
  • the camera module 100 realizes first-direction anti-shake and second-direction anti-shake by driving the photosensitive element 20 to move, and realizes the third-direction anti-shake by driving the reflective prism 30 to move.
  • the anti-shake in the X-axis and Y-axis directions must increase the dimension of anti-shake and increase the anti-shake function.
  • the second direction anti-shake is performed on the photosensitive element 20, and the lens 10 is only used to realize auto-focusing in the Z-axis direction, so that the lens 10 avoids complex anti-shake design and large power consumption, so the camera module can be reduced
  • the size of 100 in the Y-axis direction is conducive to achieving thinness, and is conducive to setting the lens 10 as a telephoto module with a longer focal length, so as to better meet the needs of long-range shooting.

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  • Adjustment Of Camera Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种电子设备及其摄像头模组，摄像头模组包括镜头、设于镜头相对两侧的感光元件和反射棱镜，还包括第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构，分别用于驱动感光元件绕第一轴转动，及驱动感光元件沿垂直于第一轴的第二轴平移；第三方向防抖结构，用于带动反射棱镜绕平行于第二轴的转轴转动，且转轴的轴线平行于入光面。

Description

摄像头模组及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及摄像技术领域,特别是涉及一种摄像头模组，还涉及一种具有这种摄像头模组的电子设备。
背景技术
对于手机等具有摄像功能的终端设备，目前都要求具备防抖功能，以避免拍摄过程中用户手部抖动或其他因素造成摄像设备抖动，保证拍摄图像清晰。传统方案中，如手机使用的微型长焦摄像头模组，采用的方式为镜头具有X方向及Y轴方向平移防抖结构，同时具有沿Z轴(即光轴)的自动对焦功能。然而，上述方案防抖维度少、防抖功能单一，也限制了摄像头模组实现更长的焦距，并导致摄像头模组尺寸过大，尤其是摄像头模组沿Y轴方向的尺寸太大。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种摄像头模组。
一种摄像头模组，包括：镜头、位于所述镜头相对两侧的感光元件和反射棱镜，所述反射棱镜具有入光面所述摄像模组还包括：
第一防抖机构，包括第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构，其中所述第一方向防抖结构用于驱动所述感光元件绕第一轴转动，所述第二方向防抖结构用于驱动所述感光元件沿垂直于第一轴的第二轴平移；
第二防抖机构，包括第三方向防抖机构，用于带动所述反射棱镜绕一平行于所述第二轴的转轴转动，且所述转轴线平行于所述入光面。
一种电子设备，包括前述任一项所述的摄像头模组。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本发明实施例的摄像头模组的防抖原理示意；
图2为本发明一实施例的摄像头模组的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
传统技术中，当用户手持具备摄像头模组的电子设备进行拍摄时，如果用户手部抖动或其他因素造成电子设备抖动，则容易导致拍摄图像不清晰，造成成像质量不佳。为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种可实现多轴防抖功能的摄像头模组，可以应用于手机、平板电脑等电子设备。
如图1所示，示意了本发明一实施例的摄像头模组100实现多轴防抖功能的原理。摄像头模组100具体为一潜望式摄像头模组，主要包括镜头10、设置在镜头10相对两侧的感光元件20和反射棱镜30。其中，反射棱镜30、镜头10、感光元件20反射棱镜30从物侧到像侧依次排列,即反射棱镜30、镜头10、感光元件20沿Z方向依次排列。
摄像头模组100同时具备第一方向防抖、第二方向及第三方向的防抖功能，具体的，如图1所示，摄像头模组100中，通过旋转感光元件20实现第一防抖功能，或称旋转防抖功能；通过平移感光元件20实现第二方向防抖功能；通过转动反射棱镜30实现第三方向防抖功能。
图1所示的摄像头模组100的姿态是摄像头模组100的侧视图，且示意出了X、Y、Z坐标轴的方向。其中，第一方向防抖，指感光元件20绕第一轴，即绕Z轴转动，也即在垂直于Z轴的第一平面内转动，旋转方向如箭头R1所示，以补偿镜头10在第一方向抖动造成的图像模糊。
第二方向防抖，指感光元件20沿第二轴即沿X轴平移，以补偿镜头10在X轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊，移动方向如图1中箭头X所示。其中，X轴方向为垂直于图面的方向，X轴垂直于Z轴。第二方向防抖可定义为X轴方向防抖功能。
第三方向防抖，指使反射棱镜30绕平行于第二轴的转轴710转动，旋 转方向如图1中箭头R2所示，以使反射棱镜30的入光面310在Y轴方向上的位置得以微调，从而补偿镜头10在Y轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊。Y轴方向指上下方向，也是手持电子设备进行远景拍摄时的电子设备的高度方向。因此，第三方向防抖是通过旋转反射棱镜30的方式，实现入光面310在Y轴方向位置的调整。具体设置时，转轴710与入光面310设置为是平行的，即转轴710的轴线与入光面310平行。并且可以理解，反射棱镜30绕转轴710绕箭头R2所示方向在一第二平面内转动，该第二平面与前述的第一平面彼此垂直。第三方向防抖可定义为Y轴方向防抖功能。
图1所示的摄像头模组100的姿态下，Z轴是沿左右方向，感光元件20的旋转平面即第一平面是垂直于Z轴，更具体的第一平面垂直于图面；反射棱镜30的旋转平面为第二平面，第二平面平行于图面，且第二平面垂直于第一平面。入光面310平行于第一轴。
与传统技术中在镜头上设置X轴方向防抖和Y轴方向防抖结构相比，本发明实施例的摄像头模组100，增加了第一方向防抖，使得增加了防抖的维度，增加了防抖功能。同时，与传统技术相比，本发明中，将第二方向防抖(对应传统技术中的X轴方向防抖)改为在感光元件20处进行，镜头10仅用于实现Z轴方向的自动对焦，从而镜头10避免了复杂的防抖设计和大的功耗，因此可减小摄像头模组100在Y轴方向的尺寸，利于实现薄型化，并且利于镜头10设置为更长倍焦距的长焦模组，从而更好地满足远景拍摄需求。
下面结合图2，详细说明本发明的一实施例的摄像头模组100。
如图2所示，一实施例的摄像头模组100，包括镜头10、感光元件20、反射棱镜30，驱动机构及壳体50。壳体50具有容纳腔510，其中镜头10、感光元件20、反射棱镜30，驱动机构设置于容纳腔510中。感光元件20和反射棱镜30分居镜头10的两侧。驱动机构用于驱动镜头10沿其Z轴方向移动，以实现变焦或对焦。驱动机构包括具有驱动端411的马达410、连接驱动端411与所述镜头10的力传输件420。
图2为摄像头模组100的俯视示意图，因此如图2中X、Y、Z坐标轴系所示意的，图2中，Z轴方向为左右方向，X轴方向为上下方向，Y轴方向为垂直图面的方向。图2中，Z轴与镜头10的光轴重合，二者方向一致。
为了实现摄像头模组100的多轴防抖功能，壳体50内设有第一防抖机构和第二防抖机构，其中第一防抖机构包括第一方向防抖机构和第二方向防抖机构，分别用于实现第一方向防抖和第二方向防抖；第二防抖机构包括第三方向防抖机构，用于实现第三方向防抖。第一防抖机构和第二防抖机构分别可以有不同的方式实现，下面分别通过举例详细说明。
如图2所示，第一防抖机构包括移动部610、固定部620，和连接移动部610与固定部620的弹性复位件630。其中，移动部610和固定部620的组合相当于一微机电***，移动部610可与感光元件20被固定部620驱动而一起运动，固定部620固定在壳体10的容纳腔510内，弹性复位件 630则提供使移动部610复位的功能。
如图2所示，移动部610包括可移动支架611、第一软硬结合板612、第一移动磁性件613和第二移动磁性件614，其中第一软硬结合板612设置于可移动支架611，第一移动磁性件613和第二移动磁性件614均设置于第一软硬结合板612。固定部620包括固定在壳体50内的固定支架621、设置在固定支架621上的第一固定磁性单元622和第二固定磁性单元623。可移动支架611通过弹性复位件630连接至固定支架621，如此可移动支架61及第一软硬结合板612可以相对于固定支架621运动。
本实施例中，感光元件20设置于第一软硬结合板612，第一移动磁性件613和第一固定磁性单元622中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过第一移动磁性件613与第一固定磁性单元622的配合，驱动感光元件20在垂直于Z轴的第一平面内转动，从而补偿镜头10在第一方向抖动造成的图像模糊。由此移动支架611、第一软硬结合板612、第一移动磁性件613、固定支架621、第一固定磁性单元622、弹性复位件630构成了第一方向防抖结构。
第二方向防抖则通过平移感光元件20来实现。其中，第二移动磁性件614和第二固定磁性单元623中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过第二移动磁性件614与第二固定磁性单元623的配合，驱动感光元件20沿X轴方向平移，从而实现第二方向防抖。电磁单元为通电后产生磁力的单元，例如电磁线圈。由此移动支架611、第一软硬结合板612、第二移动磁性件614、固定支架621、第二固定磁性单元623、弹性复位件630构成了第二方向防抖结构。进一步的，第一软硬结合板612、固定支架621及弹性复位件630为第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构中所共用，简化了整体防抖结构。
具体的，第一软硬结合板6112包括第一硬质电路板6121和与第一硬质电路板6121连接的第一柔性线路板6122，其中第一柔性线路板6122连接于可移动支架611，感光元件20和第一移动磁性件613均设置于第一硬质电路板6121，第二移动磁性件614设置于第一柔性线路板6122。第一移动磁性件613与第一固定磁性单元622配合时，第一硬质电路板6121带动感光元件20和可移动支架611在垂直于Z轴的第一平面内转动，从而实现第一方向防抖。
第二移动磁性件614设置于第一柔性线路板6122。第二移动磁性件614与第二固定磁性单元623相互作用时，第二移动磁性件614通过第一柔性线路板6122带动可移动支架611在X轴方向平移，从而实现第二方向防抖。
上述实施例中，感光元件20和第一移动磁性件613均设置在第一软硬结合板6112的硬板部分，具有较好的支撑。此外，由于第一硬质电路板6121与可移动支架611之间是通过第一柔性线路板6122连接，而第一柔性线路板6122具有较好的柔韧性，因此第一硬质电路板6121在带动感光元件20旋转时，通过第一柔性线路板6122向可移动支架611传递力，因此第一硬质电路板6121与可移动支架611之间的连接部分不容易断裂。
上述实施例中，第一移动磁性件613具体为磁石，第一固定磁性单元 622为电磁线圈，二者位置对应。在其他的实施例中，第一移动磁性件613和第一固定磁性单元622的设置还可以是：第一移动磁性件613为电磁线圈，第一固定磁性单元622为磁石；或者第一移动磁性件613和第一固定磁性单元622均为电磁线圈。
另外，第二移动磁性件614为电磁线圈，第二固定磁性单元623为磁石，二者位置对应。在其他的实施例中，第二移动磁性件614和第二固定磁性单元623的设置还可以是：第二移动磁性件614为磁石，第二固定磁性单元623为电磁线圈；或者第二移动磁性件614和第二固定磁性单元623均为电磁线圈。
一实施例中，第一移动磁性件613为磁石，第一固定磁性单元622为电磁线圈；第二移动磁性件614为电磁线圈，第二固定磁性单元623为磁石。如此，用于实现第一方向防抖的磁石和实现第二方向防抖的磁石位于不同的支撑元件上，间隔一定距离，避免相互影响。
此外，弹性复位件630用以提供使可移动支架611的复位，如图2所示，为了保证复位效果，可移动支架611上还设置有第一磁铁617，固定支架621上对应设有第二磁铁627。第一磁铁617和第二磁铁627彼此吸附，起到辅助可移动支架611复位的作用。
上述实施例中，第一方向防抖和第二方向防抖，还可以与镜头10在Z轴方向上的平移相结合来实现防抖，进而提高整个摄像头模组的100的防抖效果。
为了在实施第一方向防抖时能更精准地通过驱动机构控制镜头10的移动，一些实施例中，固定部620还包括设置于固定支架621的背对镜头10的一侧的第一磁传感器624，用以感应第一移动磁性件613的位置变化。第一磁传感器624可实时感应第一移动磁性件613的位置，从而能通过电子设备的控制单元精准地控制驱动机构，进而精准控制镜头10的移动。
此外，为了在实施第二方向防抖时能更精准地通过驱动机构控制镜头10的移动，移动部610还包括设置于第一柔性线路板6122的第二磁传感器615，用以感应第二固定磁性单元623的位置。第二磁传感器615可实时感应第二固定磁性单元623的位置，从而能通过电子设备的控制单元精准地控制驱动机构，进而精准控制镜头10的移动。
一具体的方案中，如图2所示，第一固定磁性单元622为电磁线圈且围绕第二磁传感器624，节约了固定支架621的背对镜头10一侧的安装空间。第二移动磁性件614为电磁线圈且围绕第二磁传感器615，节约了第一软硬结合板611上的安装空间。第一磁传感器624和第二磁传感器615均为霍尔传感器。
上述的实施例中，第一防抖机构是采用电磁驱动方式驱动感光元件20运动，进而实现第一方向防抖和第二方向防抖。电磁驱动方式的机械结构简单，利于摄像头模组100实现小型化。
此外，第一防抖机构还可以采用其他的方式驱动感光元件运动。例如， 记忆合金技术，通电加热使其变形，通过形变驱动感光元件20移动。具体的，第一防抖机构可以包括第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构，其中第一方向防抖结构为记忆合金结构，用以驱动感光元件20旋转，以实现第一方向防抖；第二方向防抖结构也为记忆合金结构，用以驱动第一方向防抖结构连同感光元件20一起沿X轴方向平移，以实现第二方向防抖。
又例如，第一防抖机构可以采用微机电***，与采用形状记忆合金方案类似，通过设置第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构，分别实现第一方向和第二方向防抖。
第二防抖机构用以通过驱动反射棱镜30转动以实现第三方向防抖。第二防抖机构的第三方向防抖结构同样可以有多种的实现方式。
例如，如图2所示，一实施例中，第三方向防抖结包括转轴710、第一磁性元件720、第二磁性元件730、第二软硬结合板740。转轴710支撑于壳体50，第一磁性元件730与反射棱镜30直接或通过中间元件固定连接。第二软硬结合板740包括固定于壳体50内的第二硬质电路板741。第二磁性元件730设置于第二硬质电路板741。第二磁性元件720和第二磁性元件730中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过第一磁性元件720和第二磁性元件730的配合，带动反射棱镜30在一个第二平面内转动，使得反射棱镜30的入光面310(请结合参考图1)的位置在Y轴方向上改变，从而实现第三方向防抖。电磁单元为通电后产生磁力的单元，例如电磁线圈。其中，一具体的方案中，第一磁性元件720为磁石，第二磁性元件730为电磁线圈，二者位置对应。在其他的实施例中，第一磁性元件720和第二磁性元件730的设置还可以是：第一磁性元件720为电磁线圈，第二磁性元件730为磁石；或者第一磁性元件720和第二磁性元件730均为电磁线圈。
上述实施例中，通过电磁驱动方式使反射棱镜30转动而实现Y轴方向防抖，反射棱镜30不需要在Y轴方向上有较大的平移距离，也不需要设置在Y轴方向上尺寸较大的平移机构，因此实现Y轴防抖功能且利于实现摄像头模组的薄型化。在其他的实施例中，也可以采用形状记忆合金技术、步进式马达及压电马达等方式驱动反射棱镜30，只要能够使反射棱镜30转动即可。
此外，Y轴方向防抖实施时，也可以与镜头10在Z轴上的平移相结合来实现防抖，进而提高整个摄像头模组的100的防抖效果。为了在实施Y轴方向防抖时能更精准地通过驱动机构控制镜头10的移动，第二防抖机构还包括设置于第二硬质电路板741的第三磁传感器750，用以感应第一磁性元件720的位置变化，进而通过电子设备的控制单元精准地控制驱动机构，进而精准控制镜头10的移动。
一具体的方案中，第一磁性元件720为磁石，第二磁性元件730为电磁线圈，第三磁传感器750设置在电磁线圈所围成空间内以节约安装空间。第三磁传感器750为霍尔传感器。第二软硬结合板740还包括与第二硬质电路板741连接的第二柔性线路板742，第二柔性线路板742伸出壳体50 以与电子设备内的主控板电性连接。
如图2所示，为了能更精准地控制镜头10的移动，摄像头模组100还包括镜头磁性件120和第四磁传感器130，镜头磁性件120与镜头10固定连接，第四磁传感器130设置于第二硬质电路板741。通过第四磁传感器130可以实时感知镜头磁性件120的位置变化，以便精准控制驱动机构，实现摄像摄像头模组100在Z轴方向上的快速对焦。第四磁传感器130具体为霍尔传感器。
驱动机构包括固定于壳体50内的具有驱动端411的马达410、连接驱动端与所述镜头10的力传输件420。马达410可以是不同种类的驱动马达，例如可以是压电马达、音圈马达、步进马达、滚珠式马达或形状记忆合金马达等。马达410通过力传输件420驱动镜头10在Z轴方向移动，以实现快速变焦或对焦。本实施例中，可以仅设置一个马达410，能够减少安装工序，降低生产成本。
进一步地，为了避免一个马达410在驱动过程中可能产生的晃动，在壳体50的容纳腔510内还设置有导向机构140，用以辅助镜头10沿光轴方向移动，保证镜头10的移动稳定性和良好导向性。导向机构140包括导轨141和滑动件142，其中导轨141固定于壳体10内，滑动件142将力传输件420连接至镜头10。马达410工作时，镜头10在导轨141上沿Z轴方向移动，移动平稳，不晃动，从而实现较好的对焦效果，实现成像质量好、画面清晰度高的成像效果。
为了提高摄像头模组100的组装效率，一些实施例中，摄像头模组100还包括固定于壳体50的内壁的内部框架150，镜头10、反射棱镜30、驱动机构均设置于内部框架150。如此，内部框架150、镜头10、反射棱镜30、驱动机构等可以提前组成模组，提高了摄像头模组100的模块化程度，进而提高组装摄像头模组100时的组装效率。
如图2所示，一些实施例中，摄像头模组100还包括滤光片160，滤光片160设置在固定支架621的面对镜头的一侧，以提高摄像头模组100的拍摄性能。
本发明摄像头模组100的各实施例中，弹性复位件630为具有弹性形变能力的材质制成。弹性复位件630一方面提供使可移动支架611复位的弹性力；另一方面，弹性复位件630将可移动支架611连接至固定支架621，其为可移动支架611在壳体50内的支撑元件，不需要另外设置支撑元件。具体的，弹性复位件630为有较好任性和形变能力的弹片。此外，可移动支架611的两端均设置一弹性复位件630，并连接至固定支架620，以提高对可移动支架611支撑的稳定性。
本发明的一实施例还提出了一种电子设备，包括前述任一实施例的摄像头模组100，其中电子设备可以是手机、平板等智能移动终端。
本实施例的电子设备中，摄像头模组100通过驱动感光元件20运动实现第一方向防抖和第二方向防抖，通过驱动反射棱镜30运动实现第三方 向防抖，较传统技术中仅设置X轴和Y轴方向两个方向的防抖，得增加了防抖的维度，增加了防抖功能。同时，第二方向防抖是在感光元件20上进行，镜头10仅用于实现Z轴方向的自动对焦，从而镜头10避免复杂的防抖设计和大的功耗，因此可减小摄像头模组100在Y轴方向的尺寸，利于实现薄型化，并且利于镜头10设置为更长倍焦距的长焦模组，从而更好地满足远景拍摄需求。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，包括镜头、位于所述镜头相对两侧的感光元件和反射棱镜，所述反射棱镜具有入光面，所述摄像头模组还包括：
    第一防抖机构，包括第一方向防抖结构和第二方向防抖结构，其中所述第一方向防抖结构用于驱动所述感光元件绕第一轴转动，所述第二方向防抖结构用于驱动所述感光元件沿垂直于第一轴的第二轴平移；
    第二防抖机构，包括第三方向防抖机构，所述第三方向防抖机构用于带动所述反射棱镜绕一平行于所述第二轴的转轴转动，且所述转轴的轴线平行于所述入光面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一防抖机构，包括：
    移动部，与所述感光元件连接；
    固定部，固定在所述摄像头模组的壳体内，用于与所述移动部产生力的作用以驱动所述感光元件绕所述第一轴转动及沿所述第二轴平移；及
    弹性复位件，连接所述固定部与所述移动部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，
    所述移动部包括：可移动支架、第一软硬结合板、第一移动磁性件和第二移动磁性件，所述第一移动磁性件和第二移动磁性件均设置于所述第一软硬结合板,所述第一软硬结合板设置于所述可移动支架；
    所述固定部包括：固定在所述壳体内的固定支架、设置在所述固定支架上的第一固定磁性单元和第二固定磁性单元，所述固定支架通过所述弹性复位件与所述可移动支架连接；
    其中，所述感光元件设置于所述第一软硬结合板，所述第一移动磁性件和的第一固定磁性单元中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过所述第一移动磁性件与第一固定磁性单元的配合，驱动所述感光元件绕所述第一轴转动，所述第二移动磁性件和第二固定磁性单元中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过所述第二移动磁性件与第二固定磁性单元的配合，驱动所述感光元件沿所述第二轴平移。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一软硬结合板包括第一硬质电路板和与所述第一硬质电路板连接的第一柔性线路板，所述第一柔性线路板连接于所述可移动支架，所述感光元件和所述第一移动磁性件均设置于所述第一硬质电路板，所述第二移动磁性件设置于所述第一柔性线路板。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述固定部还包 括设置于所述固定支架的背对所述镜头的一侧的第一磁传感器，用以感应所述第一移动磁性件的位置变化；所述移动部还包括设置于所述第一柔性线路板的第二磁传感器，用以感应所述第二固定磁性单元的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一固定磁性单元为电磁线圈且围绕所述第一磁传感器；所述第二移动磁性件为电磁线圈且围绕所述第二磁传感器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第二防抖机构包括所述转轴、第一磁性元件、第二磁性元件、第二软硬结合板，所述转轴支撑于所述摄像头模组的壳体内，所述第一磁性元件与所述反射棱镜固定连接，所述第二软硬结合板包括设置于所述壳体内的第二硬质电路板，所述第二磁性元件设置于所述第二硬质电路板，其中所述第一磁性元件和所述第二磁性元件中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过所述第一磁性元件和第二磁性元件的配合，带动所述反射棱镜绕所述转轴转动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第二防抖机构还包括设置于所述第二硬质电路板的第三磁传感器，用以感应所述第一磁性元件的位置变化。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括镜头磁性件和第四磁传感器，所述镜头磁性件与所述镜头固定连接，所述第四磁传感器设置于所述第二硬质电路板，所述第四传感器用以感应所述镜头磁性件的位置变化。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括用于驱动所述镜头沿所述第一轴平移的驱动机构,所述驱动机构包括固定于所述摄像头模组的壳体内的具有驱动端的马达、连接所述驱动端与所述镜头的力传输件。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括设于所述壳体内的导向机构，用以辅助所述镜头沿所述第一轴平移，所述导向机构包括导轨和滑动件，所述导轨固定于所述壳体内，所述滑动件将所述力传输件连接至所述镜头。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括固定于所述摄像头模组的壳体的内壁的内部框架，所述镜头、反射棱镜、驱动机构均设置于所述内部框架。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述弹性复位件为弹片。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一轴的轴向与所述镜头光轴的方向一致，所述入光面与所述第一轴平行。
  15. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-14任一项所述的 摄像头模组。
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