WO2021077921A1

WO2021077921A1 - Signal processing method and related apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2021077921A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/113732
Authority: WO
Inventors: 祝倩; 倪锐; 吕艺
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-10-23
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2021-04-29
Also published as: CN112702096B; CN112702096A

Abstract

Provided are a signal processing method and a related apparatus, wherein same are used for determining a shaft alignment state between a receiving end and a sending end at a lower complexity. The method of the embodiments of the present application comprises: after a sending end sends OAM signals to a receiving end, the receiving end determining a first phase difference between a first received signal and a second received signal, and a second phase difference between the second received signal and a third received signal, wherein the first received signal is an OAM signal received by a first antenna in the receiving end, the second received signal is an OAM signal received by a second antenna in the receiving end, and the third received signal is an OAM signal received by a third antenna in the receiving end; and if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the receiving end is less than or equal to a calibration threshold value, determining that a state between the receiving end and the sending end is a shaft alignment state.

Description

一种信号处理方法及相关装置Signal processing method and related device

本申请要求于2019年10月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911022226.0、发明名称为“一种信号处理方法及相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on October 23, 2019, the application number is 201911022226.0, and the invention title is "a signal processing method and related device", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference in.

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信号处理方法及相关装置。This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal processing method and related devices.

背景技术Background technique

随着无线通信技术的飞速发展，在无线通信技术给广大用户带来便利的同时，无线频谱需求量的急剧增加和有限的频谱资源之间的矛盾越来越突出，在这种情况下，采用轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum，OAM)电磁波进行无线通信的技术应运而生。With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, while wireless communication technology brings convenience to users, the contradiction between the sharp increase in wireless spectrum demand and limited spectrum resources has become more and more prominent. In this case, use Orbital angular momentum (orbital angular momentum, OAM) electromagnetic waves for wireless communication technology came into being.

然而，实现OAM电磁波通信的前提是发送端和接收端之间处于轴对准的状态。目前，检测发送端和接收端之间是否轴对准的方法主要是在发送端预先设定要发送的OAM模态，然后通过在接收端检测接收到的OAM信号对应的模态是否为预先设定的OAM模态来进行轴对准的判定。However, the prerequisite for realizing OAM electromagnetic wave communication is the state of axis alignment between the transmitting end and the receiving end. At present, the method of detecting whether the axis is aligned between the sending end and the receiving end is mainly to pre-set the OAM mode to be sent on the sending end, and then detect whether the mode corresponding to the received OAM signal is preset at the receiving end. Determine the axis alignment based on the selected OAM mode.

由于在接收端进行OAM模态检测的复杂度较高，因此往往要求接收端具有高复杂度的信号处理能力，否则容易导致信号处理延迟较大。Due to the high complexity of OAM modal detection at the receiving end, the receiving end is often required to have high-complexity signal processing capabilities, otherwise it will easily lead to a large signal processing delay.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本申请实施例提供了一种信号处理方法及相关装置，通过计算天线的接收信号之间的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度。The embodiment of the application provides a signal processing method and related device, which calculate the phase difference between the received signals of the antenna, and determine the axis pair between the receiving end and the transmitting end according to the difference between the different phase differences. Quasi-state, no need to detect the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing.

本申请实施例第一方面提供一种信号处理方法，该方法包括：The first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a signal processing method, which includes:

在发送端向接收端发送第一OAM信号之后，接收端可以确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及该第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，第一接收信号是接收端中的第一天线所接收到的第一OAM信号，第二接收信号是接收端中的第二天线所接收到的第一OAM信号，第三接收信号是接收端中的第三天线所接收到的第一OAM信号；若接收端所确定的第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或者等于校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。After the transmitting end sends the first OAM signal to the receiving end, the receiving end can determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal. Phase difference, where the first received signal is the first OAM signal received by the first antenna at the receiving end, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna at the receiving end, and the third received The signal is the first OAM signal received by the third antenna in the receiving end; if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the receiving end is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it can be determined that the receiving end and the The state between the sending ends is the axis alignment state.

本申请实施例中通过计算不同的天线对应的接收信号之间的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度。In the embodiment of the application, the phase difference between the received signals corresponding to different antennas is calculated, and the axis alignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is determined according to the difference between the different phase differences, and there is no need to adjust the OAM mode. State detection can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing.

结合上述第一方面，在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，接收端确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差具体可以包括：如果接收端确定第一角度差和第二角度差相等，则可以根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差，其中，第一角度差是接收端中的第一天线和第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差，第二角度差则是接收端中的第二天线和第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差，第一接收相位是该第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位是该第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位是该第三接收信号的接收相位；With reference to the above first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the receiving end determines the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the difference between the second received signal and the third received signal. The second phase difference may specifically include: if the receiving end determines that the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal, the first phase difference may be determined according to the first reception phase and the second reception phase, and according to the second reception phase and The third receiving phase determines the second phase difference, where the first angle difference is the angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna in the receiving end relative to the position of the axis to be aligned, and the second angle difference is the angle difference in the receiving end The angle difference between the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the position to be aligned with the axis. The first receiving phase is the receiving phase of the first received signal, the second receiving phase is the receiving phase of the second received signal, and the third receiving phase is Phase is the receiving phase of the third received signal;

若接收端所确定的第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或者等于校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，具体可以包括：若接收端所确定的第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，其中，该校准阈值包括第一校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the receiving end is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state, which may specifically include: If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the terminal is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal is the axis-aligned state, where the calibration threshold includes The first calibration threshold.

本申请实施例中，在接收端中不同的天线之间的角度差是相等的情况下，计算不同的天线对应的接收信号之间的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度。In the embodiment of the present application, when the angle difference between the different antennas at the receiving end is equal, the phase difference between the received signals corresponding to the different antennas is calculated, and the difference between the different phase differences is calculated. Determining the axis alignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end does not need to detect the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing.

结合上述第一方面，在第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中，接收端确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差具体还可以包括：如果接收端确定第一角度差和第二角度差不相等，则可以根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差和第一角度差来确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差和第二角度差确定第二相位差，例如，通过采用第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差除以第一角度差来得到第一相位差，通过采用第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差除以第二角度差来确定第二相位差，其中，第一角度差是接收端中的第一天线和第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差，第二角度差则是接收端中的第二天线和第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差，第一接收相位是该第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位是该第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位是该第三接收信号的接收相位；With reference to the above first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the receiving end determines the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the difference between the second received signal and the third received signal The second phase difference between the second phase difference may specifically include: if the receiving end determines that the first angle difference and the second angle difference are not equal, it may be determined according to the phase difference between the first and second reception phases and the first angle difference. Determine the first phase difference, and determine the second phase difference based on the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase and the second angle difference, for example, by using the phase between the first reception phase and the second reception phase The difference is divided by the first angle difference to obtain the first phase difference, and the second phase difference is determined by dividing the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase by the second angle difference, where the first angle difference is The angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna in the receiving end relative to the axis to be aligned, and the second angle difference is the angle between the second antenna and the third antenna in the receiving end relative to the axis to be aligned Difference, the first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and the third reception phase is the reception phase of the third reception signal;

若接收端所确定的第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或者等于校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，具体可以包括：若接收端所确定的第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，其中，该校准阈值包括第二校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the receiving end is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state, which may specifically include: If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference determined by the terminal is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal is the axis-aligned state, where the calibration threshold includes The second calibration threshold.

本申请实施例中，在接收端中不同的天线之间的角度差是不相等的情况下，通过天线之间的角度差以及相应的接收相位来确定不同的天线之间所对应的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度。In the embodiment of the present application, when the angle difference between the different antennas at the receiving end is not equal, the angle difference between the antennas and the corresponding reception phase are used to determine the corresponding phase difference between the different antennas. And according to the difference between the different phase differences to determine the axis alignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end, there is no need to detect the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing.

结合上述第一方面、第一方面第一种可能的实现方式或者第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：若接收端确定第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则对第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号，例如，通过移相器对第一接收信号、第二接收信号以及第三接收信号进行移相，以实现对上述的接收信号的相位调整；在对上述的接收信号进行移相之后，接收端可以确定移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差；若第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。In combination with any one of the first aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes : If the receiving end determines that the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal are phase-shifted to obtain the phase-shifted first The received signal, the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase-shifted third received signal, for example, the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal are phase-shifted by a phase shifter to achieve the above The phase adjustment of the received signal; after the above-mentioned received signal is phase-shifted, the receiving end can determine the third phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase shift The fourth phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal after the phase shift; if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it is determined that the receiving end and the transmitting end are The state between the ends is the shaft alignment state.

本申请实施例中，接收端在确定接收端和发送端之间轴不对准时，通过对天线所接收到的接收信号进行移相，并且通过检测移相后的接收信号之间的相位差，以及根据不同的相位差之间的差值再次确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度。In the embodiment of the present application, when the receiving end determines that the axis is misaligned between the receiving end and the transmitting end, it shifts the phase of the received signal received by the antenna, and detects the phase difference between the phase-shifted received signals, and According to the difference between the different phase differences, the axis alignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is determined again, without detecting the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing.

结合上述第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在接收端对接收信号进行移相之后，若接收端确定第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则接收端可以向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，该未对准反馈信息用于指示发送端向接收端发送第二OAM信号，其中，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同，也就是说，在接收端对接收信号进行移相后，接收端与发送端之间仍然处于轴未对准状态时，接收端则向发送端反馈轴未对准的信息，以使得发送端能够重新发送不同方向的OAM信号。值得注意的是，接收端可以是在对接收信号进行一次移相之后，移相后的接收信号所对应的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值时，接收端则向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息；也可以是接收端在对接收信号进行了多次移相之后，每次移相后的接收信号所对应的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值均大于校准阈值，则接收端向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息。In combination with the above-mentioned third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: after the receiving end phase-shifts the received signal, if the receiving end determines the third phase The difference between the difference and the fourth phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, the receiving end can send axis misalignment feedback information to the sending end, and the misalignment feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to send the second OAM signal to the receiving end, Among them, the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are not the same, that is, after the receiving end shifts the phase of the received signal, the receiving end is still in a misaligned state between the receiving end and the sending end. Then, the axis misalignment information is fed back to the sending end, so that the sending end can resend OAM signals in different directions. It is worth noting that the receiving end may perform a phase shift on the received signal. When the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference corresponding to the phase-shifted received signal is greater than the calibration threshold, the receiving end Send axis misalignment feedback information to the transmitter; it can also be that after the receiver has shifted the phase of the received signal multiple times, the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference corresponding to the received signal after each phase shift If the difference is greater than the calibration threshold, the receiving end sends feedback information of axis misalignment to the sending end.

本申请实施例中，接收端在对接收信号进行移相后，确定接收端与发送端仍然处于轴未对准状态时，则通过向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息来指示发送端发送新的且波束方向不一致的OAM信号，从而使得接收端和发送端之间能够进行轴对准调节。In the embodiment of the present application, after the receiving end determines that the receiving end and the sending end are still in the shaft misalignment state after phase shifting the received signal, the sending end is instructed to send a new axis misalignment feedback information to the sending end. The OAM signal with inconsistent beam directions enables the axis alignment adjustment between the receiving end and the transmitting end.

结合上述第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式，第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，该轴未对准反馈信息具体可以包括：该第三相位差和该第四相位差，或该第三相位差和该第四相位差之间的差值，其中，轴未对准反馈信息还用于指示发送端根据第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向，也就是说，发送端可以根据轴未对准反馈信息中所携带的相位差信息来确定第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，并且基于该差值确定向接收端发送的第二OAM信号的波束方向。With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the axis misalignment feedback information may specifically include: the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, Or the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, where the axis misalignment feedback information is also used to instruct the sending end to determine the second phase difference according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference The beam direction of the OAM signal, that is, the transmitting end can determine the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference according to the phase difference information carried in the shaft misalignment feedback information, and determine based on the difference The beam direction of the second OAM signal sent to the receiving end.

本申请实施例中，在接收端向发送端发送的轴未对准反馈信息中携带有相位差信息，能够使得发送端可以根据相位差信息确定要发送给接收端的第二OAM信号的波束方向，从而使得发送端和接收端之间能够更快地实现轴对准。In the embodiment of the present application, the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end to the sending end carries phase difference information, so that the sending end can determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal to be sent to the receiving end according to the phase difference information. This enables faster shaft alignment between the sending end and the receiving end.

结合上述第一方面、第一方面第一种可能的实现方式、第一方面第二种可能的实现方式或者第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，在接收端确定其与发送端之间的状态是轴对准状态之后，该方法还包括：接收端向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，该轴对准反馈信息用于指示发送端确定第一OAM信号对应的波束方向为轴对准方向，从而使得在发送端与接收端的后续通信过程中，发送端可以根据所确定的波束方向来向接收端传输数据。Combining any one of the first aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first aspect of the first aspect In the four possible implementation manners, after the receiving end determines that the state between it and the transmitting end is the axis alignment state, the method further includes: the receiving end sends axis alignment feedback information to the transmitting end, and the axis alignment feedback information It is used to instruct the sending end to determine the beam direction corresponding to the first OAM signal as the axis alignment direction, so that in the subsequent communication process between the sending end and the receiving end, the sending end can transmit data to the receiving end according to the determined beam direction.

本申请实施例中，通过在接收端确定其与发送端之间的状态是轴对准状态之后，由接收端向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息来通知发送端确定轴对准状态下的波束方向，从而保证后续通信过程的顺利开展。In the embodiment of the present application, after the receiving end determines that the state between it and the transmitting end is the axis alignment state, the receiving end sends the axis alignment feedback information to the transmitting end to notify the transmitting end to determine the beam in the axis alignment state. Direction, so as to ensure the smooth development of the subsequent communication process.

本申请实施例第二方面提供一种信号处理方法，该方法包括：A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a signal processing method, the method including:

发送端向接收端发送第一OAM信号；在接收端接收到该第一OAM信号之后，发送端可以接收该接收端发送的轴未对准反馈信息，其中，第一轴未对准反馈信息是接收端在第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值时确定的，第一相位差为移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的相位差，第二相位差为移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的相位差，移相后的第一接收信号为对第一天线接收到的第一接收信号进行移相后得到的信号，移相后的第二接收信号为对第二天线接收到的第二接收信号移相后得到的信号，移相后的第三接收信号为对第三天线接收到的第三接收信号移相后得到的信号，第一天线、第二天线和第三天线为接收端中用于接收第一OAM信号的天线；The sending end sends the first OAM signal to the receiving end; after the receiving end receives the first OAM signal, the sending end can receive the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the first axis misalignment feedback information is Determined by the receiving end when the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, the first phase difference is the phase between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal The second phase difference is the phase difference between the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted third received signal, and the phase-shifted first received signal is the first received signal received from the first antenna The signal obtained after the phase shift, the second received signal after the phase shift is the signal obtained after the second received signal received by the second antenna is phase-shifted, and the third received signal after the phase shift is the signal received from the third antenna The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are the antennas used to receive the first OAM signal at the receiving end;

根据轴未对准反馈信息向接收端发送第二OAM信号，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。The second OAM signal is sent to the receiving end according to the feedback information of the axis misalignment, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.

结合上述第二方面，在第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中，该轴未对准反馈信息中包括第一相位差和第二相位差，或该第一相位差和该第二相位差的差值；根据轴未对准反馈信息向接收端发送第二OAM信号，包括：根据第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向；向接收端发送第二OAM信号。With reference to the above second aspect, in the first possible implementation of the second aspect, the shaft misalignment feedback information includes a first phase difference and a second phase difference, or the first phase difference and the second phase difference Sending the second OAM signal to the receiving end according to the shaft misalignment feedback information, including: determining the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference; sending to the receiving end The second OAM signal.

结合上述第二方面或第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中，在第二方面第二种可能的实现方式中，根据轴未对准信息向接收端发送第二OAM信号之后，该方法还包括：若接收到接收端发送的轴对准反馈信息，则确定第二OAM信号的波束方向为轴对准方向。In combination with the above second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, after sending the second OAM signal to the receiving end according to the axis misalignment information, the method also Including: if the axis alignment feedback information sent by the receiving end is received, determining the beam direction of the second OAM signal as the axis alignment direction.

本申请实施例第三方面提供一种第一通信设备，该第一通信设备包括：A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a first communication device, and the first communication device includes:

确定单元，用于确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，第一接收信号为第一天线接收到的第一轨道角动量OAM信号，第二接收信号为第二天线接收到的第一OAM信号，第三接收信号为第三天线接收到的第一OAM信号；The determining unit is used to determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal, where the first received signal is the first The first orbital angular momentum OAM signal received by the antenna, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna, and the third received signal is the first OAM signal received by the third antenna;

确定单元，还用于若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。The determining unit is further configured to determine that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold.

结合上述第三方面，在第三方面第一种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于：With reference to the foregoing third aspect, in the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the determining unit is further configured to:

若第一天线与第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和第二天线与第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第二角度差相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差，其中，第一接收相位为第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位为第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位为第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis to be aligned is equal to the second angle difference between the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis to be aligned, then according to the first receiving phase Determine the first phase difference with the second reception phase, and determine the second phase difference according to the second reception phase and the third reception phase, where the first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, and the second reception phase is the second reception phase. The receiving phase of the received signal, and the third receiving phase is the receiving phase of the third received signal;

若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，校准阈值包括第一校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state, and the calibration threshold includes the first calibration threshold.

结合上述第三方面，在第三方面第二种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于：With reference to the foregoing third aspect, in the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the determining unit is further used for:

若第一天线与第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和第二天线与第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第二角度差不相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及第二角度差确定第二相位差，其中，第一接收相位为第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位为第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位为第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis to be aligned and the second angle difference between the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis to be aligned are not equal, then according to the first reception The phase difference between the phase and the second reception phase and the first angle difference determine the first phase difference, and the second phase difference is determined according to the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase and the second angle difference, where , The first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and the third reception phase is the reception phase of the third reception signal;

若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，校准阈值包括第二校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state, and the calibration threshold includes the second calibration threshold.

结合上述第三方面、第三方面第一种可能的实现方式或第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第三种可能的实现方式中，第一通信设备还包括：In combination with the foregoing third aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first communication device further includes:

移相单元，用于若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则对第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号；The phase shifting unit is used to if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, shift the phase of the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal to obtain the phase-shifted A first received signal, a phase-shifted second received signal, and a phase-shifted third received signal;

确定单元，还用于确定移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差；The determining unit is further configured to determine the third phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted third received signal The fourth phase difference between;

确定单元，还用于若第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。The determining unit is further configured to determine that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold.

结合上述第三方面第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第四种可能的实现方式中，第一通信设备还包括：With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect described above, in the fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first communication device further includes:

发送单元，还用于若第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，轴未对准反馈信息用于指示发送端发送第二OAM信号，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。The sending unit is further configured to send shaft misalignment feedback information to the sending end if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, and the shaft misalignment feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to send the second For the second OAM signal, the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.

结合上述第三方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第五种可能的实现方式中，轴未对准反馈信息包括第三相位差和第四相位差，或第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，轴未对准反馈信息还用于指示发送端根据第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向。With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect described above, in the fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the shaft misalignment feedback information includes the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, or the third phase difference and the first phase difference. The difference between the four phase differences, and the axis misalignment feedback information is also used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference.

结合上述第三方面、第三方面第一种可能的实现方式、第三方面第二种可能的实现方式或第三方面第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第六种可能的实现方式中，第一通信设备还包括：In combination with the third aspect, the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the second possible implementation of the third aspect, or the third possible implementation of the third aspect, the sixth possible implementation of the third aspect In the above, the first communication device further includes:

发送单元，用于向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，轴对准反馈信息用于指示发送端确定第一OAM信号对应的波束方向为轴对准方向。The sending unit is configured to send shaft alignment feedback information to the transmitting end, and the shaft alignment feedback information is used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the beam direction corresponding to the first OAM signal as the shaft alignment direction.

本申请实施例第四方面提供一种第二通信设备，该第二通信设备包括：A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a second communication device, and the second communication device includes:

发送单元，用于向接收端发送第一OAM信号；The sending unit is used to send the first OAM signal to the receiving end;

接收单元，用于接收该接收端发送的轴未对准反馈信息，其中，第一轴未对准反馈信息是接收端在第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值时确定的，第一相位差为移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的相位差，第二相位差为移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的相位差，移相后的第一接收信号为对第一天线接收到的第一接收信号进行移相后得到的信号，移相后的第二接收信号为对第二天线接收到的第二接收信号移相后得到的信号，移相后的第三接收信号为对第三天线接收到的第三接收信号移相后得到的信号，第一天线、第二天线和第三天线为接收端中用于接收第一 OAM信号的天线；The receiving unit is configured to receive the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the first axis misalignment feedback information is when the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold at the receiving end It is determined that the first phase difference is the phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the second phase difference is the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted first The phase difference between the three received signals. The phase-shifted first received signal is the signal obtained by phase-shifting the first received signal received by the first antenna, and the phase-shifted second received signal is for the second antenna The received second received signal is phase-shifted, and the phase-shifted third received signal is a signal obtained after phase-shifting the third received signal received by the third antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the second antenna are phase-shifted. The three antennas are the antennas used to receive the first OAM signal in the receiving end;

该发送单元，还用于根据轴未对准反馈信息向接收端发送第二OAM信号，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。The sending unit is further configured to send a second OAM signal to the receiving end according to the shaft misalignment feedback information, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.

结合上述第四方面，在第四方面第一种可能的实现方式中，该轴未对准反馈信息中包括第一相位差和第二相位差，或该第一相位差和该第二相位差的差值；With reference to the foregoing fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the axis misalignment feedback information includes a first phase difference and a second phase difference, or the first phase difference and the second phase difference The difference;

该第二通信设备还包括确定单元，该确定单元用于根据第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向；该发送单元，还用于向接收端发送第二OAM信号。The second communication device further includes a determining unit configured to determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference; the sending unit is also configured to send to the receiving end The second OAM signal.

结合上述第四方面或第四方面第一种可能的实现方式中，在第二方面第二种可能的实现方式中，该确定单元还用于若接收到接收端发送的轴对准反馈信息，则确定第二OAM信号的波束方向为轴对准方向。In combination with the foregoing fourth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining unit is further configured to, if the axis alignment feedback information sent by the receiving end is received, Then it is determined that the beam direction of the second OAM signal is the axis alignment direction.

本申请第五方面提供一种第一通信设备，该第一通信设备包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储计算机可读指令(或者称之为计算机程序)，处理器用于读取计算机可读指令以实现前述有关第一通信设备的方面及其任意实现方式提供的方法。A fifth aspect of the present application provides a first communication device, and the first communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store computer-readable instructions (or referred to as a computer program), and the processor is used to read the computer-readable instructions to implement the foregoing aspects related to the first communication device and the method provided by any implementation manner thereof.

在一些实现方式下，该第一通信设备还包括收发器，用于接收和发送数据。In some implementation manners, the first communication device further includes a transceiver for receiving and sending data.

本申请第六方面提供一种第二通信设备，该第二通信设备包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储计算机可读指令(或者称之为计算机程序)，处理器用于读取计算机可读指令以实现前述有关第二通信设备的方面及其任意实现方式提供的方法。A sixth aspect of the present application provides a second communication device, where the second communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store computer-readable instructions (or referred to as a computer program), and the processor is used to read the computer-readable instructions to implement the foregoing aspects related to the second communication device and the method provided by any implementation manner thereof.

在一些实现方式下，该第二通信设备还包括收发器，用于接收和发送数据。In some implementation manners, the second communication device further includes a transceiver for receiving and sending data.

本申请第七方面提供一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质可以是非易失性的。该计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当该计算机可读指令被处理器执行时实现第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。The seventh aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium, which may be non-volatile. The computer storage medium stores computer readable instructions, and when the computer readable instructions are executed by a processor, the first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect is implemented.

本申请第八方面提供一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质可以是非易失性的。该计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当该计算机可读指令被处理器执行时实现第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。An eighth aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium may be non-volatile. The computer storage medium stores computer readable instructions, and when the computer readable instructions are executed by a processor, the second aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect is implemented.

从以上技术方案可以看出，本申请实施例具有以下优点：It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为本申请实施例提供的OAM电磁波与平面电磁波的结构对比示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural comparison between OAM electromagnetic waves and plane electromagnetic waves provided by an embodiment of the application;

图2为本申请实施例提供的不同模态下的OAM电磁波的结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of OAM electromagnetic waves in different modes according to the embodiments of the application;

图3为本申请实施例提供的信号处理方法的一种应用场景示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the application;

图4为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的流程示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the application;

图5为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法另一实施例的流程示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

图6为本申请实施例提供的均匀圆形天线阵列的结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of a uniform circular antenna array provided by an embodiment of the application;

图7为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的另一实施例的流程示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

图8为本申请实施例提供的第一通信设备的结构示意图；FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first communication device provided by an embodiment of this application;

图9为本申请实施例提供的第二通信设备的结构示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second communication device provided by an embodiment of this application;

图10为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的架构图；FIG. 10 is an architecture diagram of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application;

图11为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application;

图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application;

图13为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application;

图14为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application;

图15为本申请实施例提供的一种第一通信设备的结构示意图；15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first communication device provided by an embodiment of this application;

图16为本申请实施例提供的一种第二通信设备的结构示意图。FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a second communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。本领域普通技术人员可知，随着新应用场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the following describes the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. . A person of ordinary skill in the art knows that with the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或模块，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。在本申请中出现的对步骤进行的命名或者编号，并不意味着必须按照命名或者编号所指示的时间/逻辑先后顺序执行方法流程中的步骤，已经命名或者编号的流程步骤可以根据要实现的技术目的变更执行次序，只要能达到相同或者相类似的技术效果即可。本申请中所出现的模块的划分，是一种逻辑上的划分，实际应用中实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块可以结合成或集成在另一个***中，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行，另外，所显示的或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接可以是电性或其他类似的形式，本申请中均不作限定。并且，作为分离部件说明的模块或子模块可以是也可以不是物理上的分离，可以是也可以不是物理模块，或者可以分布到多个电路模块中，可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部模块来实现本申请方案的目的。The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than the content illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations of them are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those clearly listed. Those steps or modules may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or equipment. The naming or numbering of steps appearing in this application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time/logical sequence indicated by the naming or numbering. The named or numbered process steps can be implemented according to the The technical purpose changes the execution order, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved. The division of modules presented in this application is a logical division. In actual applications, there may be other divisions. For example, multiple modules can be combined or integrated in another system, or some features can be ignored In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the modules may be electrical or other similar forms. There are no restrictions in the application. In addition, the modules or sub-modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical modules, or may be distributed to multiple circuit modules, and some or all of them may be selected according to actual needs. Module to achieve the purpose of this application program.

目前，常用的移动通信、广播电视以及卫星通信等均是基于平面电磁波来进行数据的传输，其中，平面电磁波的等相位面与传播轴垂直。而OAM电磁波的等相位面则是沿着传播方向呈螺旋上升的形态，因此，OAM电磁波往往又称为“涡旋电磁波”。如图1所示，图1为本申请实施例提供的OAM电磁波与平面电磁波的结构对比示意图。At present, commonly used mobile communications, broadcast television, and satellite communications are all based on plane electromagnetic waves for data transmission, in which the isophase plane of the plane electromagnetic waves is perpendicular to the propagation axis. The isophase surface of OAM electromagnetic wave is spirally rising along the propagation direction. Therefore, OAM electromagnetic wave is often called "vortex electromagnetic wave". As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure comparison between the OAM electromagnetic wave and the plane electromagnetic wave provided by the embodiment of the application.

通常来说，当电磁波的场强函数中含有与空间方位角有关的相位因子

时，则可以将该电磁波称为模态为l的OAM电磁波。具体可以参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的不同模态下的OAM电磁波的结构示意图。其中，图2中(a)表示的是等相位面与传播方向垂直的平面电磁波，即对应模态为0的OAM电磁波；图2中(b)表示的是模态为1的OAM电磁波，沿着传输轴观测，在一个周期内，其电场相位围绕传输轴逐渐变化了360°，所以其具有

的相位因子；图2中(c)表示的是模态为2的OAM电磁波，沿着传输轴观测，在一个周期内，其电场相位围绕传输轴逐渐变化了720°，所以其具有

的相位因子；同理，图2中(d)表示的则是模态为3的OAM电磁波。 Generally speaking, when the electromagnetic wave field strength function contains a phase factor related to the spatial azimuth

At this time, the electromagnetic wave can be referred to as an OAM electromagnetic wave with a mode of 1. For details, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of OAM electromagnetic waves in different modes according to an embodiment of the application. Among them, Figure 2 (a) shows the plane electromagnetic wave with the isophase plane perpendicular to the propagation direction, that is, the corresponding OAM electromagnetic wave with mode 0; Figure 2 (b) shows the OAM electromagnetic wave with mode 1, along Observing the transmission axis, in a period, the phase of its electric field gradually changes 360° around the transmission axis, so it has

The phase factor of; Figure 2 (c) shows the OAM electromagnetic wave with mode 2, observed along the transmission axis, within a period, the electric field phase gradually changes 720° around the transmission axis, so it has

In the same way, (d) in Figure 2 represents the OAM electromagnetic wave with mode 3.

由于不同模态的OAM电磁波相互正交，在无线传输过程中，可以在同一载波上将信息加载到具有不同模态的OAM电磁波上，而相互之间并不影响。理论上在同一频段可以具有无限个相互正交的模态，因此通过在同一载波频率复用OAM电磁波，可以提升无线通信中信息传输的频谱效率。但是，在采用OAM电磁波进行通信的过程中，需要在收发两端(即发送端和接收端)轴对准的前提下才能实现高效率的模态信号接收。在非对准状态下进行模态信号接收则会造成接收功率下降和模间串扰，从而影响OAM信号的解调。Since the OAM electromagnetic waves of different modes are orthogonal to each other, in the wireless transmission process, information can be loaded on the OAM electromagnetic waves with different modes on the same carrier without affecting each other. In theory, there can be an infinite number of mutually orthogonal modes in the same frequency band. Therefore, by reusing OAM electromagnetic waves at the same carrier frequency, the spectral efficiency of information transmission in wireless communication can be improved. However, in the process of using OAM electromagnetic waves for communication, it is necessary to achieve high-efficiency modal signal reception under the premise that the transmission and reception ends (that is, the transmitting end and the receiving end) are aligned. Receiving modal signals in a non-aligned state will cause a drop in received power and inter-modal crosstalk, which will affect the demodulation of OAM signals.

当前，检测发送端和接收端之间是否轴对准的方法主要是在发送端预先设定要发送的OAM模态，然后通过在接收端检测接收到的OAM信号对应的模态是否为预先设定的OAM模态来进行轴对准的判定。然而，由于在接收端进行OAM模态检测的复杂度较高，因此往往要求接收端具有高复杂度的信号处理能力，即要求接收端中具有信号处理能力较强的硬件，否则，在接收端中的硬件的信号处理能力较差的情况下，容易导致信号处理延迟较大，难以正常进行OAM轴对准的判定。At present, the method of detecting whether the axis is aligned between the sending end and the receiving end is mainly to pre-set the OAM mode to be sent on the sending end, and then detect whether the mode corresponding to the received OAM signal is preset at the receiving end. Determine the axis alignment based on the selected OAM mode. However, due to the high complexity of OAM modal detection at the receiving end, the receiving end is often required to have high-complexity signal processing capabilities, that is, the receiving end is required to have hardware with strong signal processing capabilities. Otherwise, the receiving end If the signal processing capability of the hardware in the system is poor, the signal processing delay is likely to be large, and it is difficult to determine the OAM axis alignment normally.

有鉴于此，本申请实施例提出了一种信号处理方法，通过计算天线的接收信号之间的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，在OAM轴对准的判定过程中，只需要检测接收信号之间的相位差，而无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度，从而保证接收端能够正常地进行OAM轴对准的判定。In view of this, an embodiment of the present application proposes a signal processing method, which calculates the phase difference between the received signals of the antenna, and determines the axis between the receiving end and the transmitting end according to the difference between the different phase differences. In the alignment state, in the OAM axis alignment determination process, only the phase difference between the received signals needs to be detected, without the need to detect the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing, thereby ensuring that the receiving end can be normal The OAM axis alignment is judged accordingly.

为了便于理解，以下将结合图3对本申请实施例提供的信号处理方法的应用场景进行介绍。可以参阅图3，图3为本申请实施例提供的信号处理方法的一种应用场景示意图。如图3所示，该应用场景具体可以包括发送端设备(以下简称发送端)和接收端设备(以下简称接收端)；该应用场景中还可以包括有核心网，该发送端还可以和核心网相连。发送端还可以与互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)网络进行通信，例如，因特网(Internet)，私有的IP网，或其他数据网络等。发送端为覆盖范围内的终端设备提供服务。例如，参见图3所示，发送端为位于发送端覆盖范围内的一个或多个接收端提供无线接入。For ease of understanding, the application scenario of the signal processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 3. Refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 3, the application scenario may specifically include a sending end device (hereinafter referred to as the sending end) and a receiving end device (hereinafter referred to as the receiving end); the application scenario may also include a core network, and the sending end may also interact with the core Network connection. The sender can also communicate with an Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, a private IP network, or other data networks. The sender provides services for terminal devices within the coverage area. For example, referring to FIG. 3, the transmitting end provides wireless access to one or more receiving ends located within the coverage area of the transmitting end.

发送端可以是用于与接收端进行通信的设备。例如，可以是GSM***或SDMA***中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA***中的基站(NodeB,NB),还可以是LTE***中的演进型基站(evolved node B，eNB或eNodeB)或者第五代通信技术(5th generation mobile networks，5G)网络中的通信设备，例如卫星通信***中的卫星基站等。卫星基站可以是静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit,GEO)卫星，也可以是非静止轨道(none-geostationary earth orbit，NGEO)的中轨道(medium earth orbit，MEO)卫星和低轨道(low earth orbit，LEO)卫星，还可以是高空通信平台(High Altitude Platform Station，HAPS)等。The sending end may be a device used to communicate with the receiving end. For example, it can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM system or an SDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved node B (eNB) in an LTE system. Or eNodeB) or the communication equipment in the 5th generation mobile networks (5G) network, such as the satellite base station in the satellite communication system. Satellite base stations can be geostationary (geostationary earth orbit, GEO) satellites, non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO) medium orbit (medium earth orbit, MEO) satellites and low earth orbit (LEO) Satellites can also be High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS), etc.

接收端在本申请实施例中可以是指用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。接收端可以通过空口接入卫星网络并发起呼叫，上网等业务，可以是是支持5G新空口(new radio,NR)的移动设备。典型的，接收端可以是移动电话、平板电脑、便携式笔记本电脑、虚拟\混合\增强现实设备、导航设备、地面基站(例如：eNB和gNB)和地面站(ground station，GS)、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备、未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)或未来的其他通信***中的终端设备等。The receiving end in the embodiments of this application may refer to user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal, Wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device. The receiving end can access the satellite network through the air interface and initiate calls, surf the Internet and other services, and it can be a mobile device that supports 5G new radio (NR). Typically, the receiving end can be mobile phones, tablet computers, portable notebook computers, virtual\hybrid\augmented reality devices, navigation devices, ground base stations (e.g. eNB and gNB) and ground stations (GS), session initiation protocols (session initiation protocol, SIP) phone, wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld devices with communication functions, computing devices, or other processing connected to wireless modems Equipment, in-vehicle equipment, wearable equipment, terminal equipment in 5G network, future evolution of public land mobile network (PLMN) or terminal equipment in other future communication systems, etc.

值得注意的是，在本申请实施例中，发送端实际上指的是通信过程中发送OAM信号的设备，而接收端则指的是在通信过程中接收发送端所发送的OAM信号的设备，而在实际应用中，可能是由基站向终端设备发送OAM信号，也可以是由终端设备向基站发送OAM信号，还可以是一个基站向另一个基站发送OAM信号；也就是说，发送端具体可以是前述的各种***中的基站或者卫星基站等设备，接收端具体可以是前述的用于接收OAM信号的用户设备、接入终端或者用户单元等设备(如图3所示的一种场景)；发送端具体也可以是用户设备、接入终端或者用户单元等设备，而接收端具体可以是基站或者卫星基站等设备；发送端具体还可以是基站或者卫星基站等设备，而接收端具体也可以是基站或者卫星基站等设备，本申请实施例中并不对发送端和接收端具体为何种通信设备进行限定，在此不再赘述。It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, the transmitting end actually refers to the device that sends OAM signals during the communication process, and the receiving end refers to the device that receives the OAM signals sent by the sending end during the communication process. In practical applications, the base station may send an OAM signal to the terminal device, or the terminal device may send an OAM signal to the base station, or a base station may send an OAM signal to another base station; that is, the sender can specifically It is the base station or satellite base station and other equipment in the aforementioned various systems, and the receiving end may specifically be the aforementioned user equipment, access terminal, or subscriber unit for receiving OAM signals (a scenario shown in Figure 3) The sending end can also be user equipment, access terminal or user unit, and the receiving end can be a base station or satellite base station; the sending end can also be a base station or satellite base station, and the receiving end can also be It may be a base station or a satellite base station, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific communication equipment of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and details are not described herein again.

可以参阅图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的流程示意图，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，可以包括：Refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. A signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application may include:

401、确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，第一接收信号为第一天线接收到的第一轨道角动量OAM信号，第二接收信号为第二天线接收到的第一OAM信号，第三接收信号为第三天线接收到的第一OAM信号；401. Determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal, where the first received signal is received by the first antenna. The first orbital angular momentum OAM signal of, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna, and the third received signal is the first OAM signal received by the third antenna;

在本实施例中，发送端可以向接收端发送OAM信号(即第一OAM信号)，然后接收端通过部署于接收端上的天线来接收发送端所发送的第一OAM信号。其中，接收端上至少部署有三个用于接收第一OAM信号的天线，具体可以包括第一天线、第二天线和第三天线。第一天线、第二天线和第三天线分别独立接收发送端所发送的第一OAM信号，第一天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第一接收信号，第二天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第二接收信号，第三天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第三接收信号。In this embodiment, the sending end may send an OAM signal (that is, the first OAM signal) to the receiving end, and then the receiving end receives the first OAM signal sent by the sending end through an antenna disposed on the receiving end. Wherein, at least three antennas for receiving the first OAM signal are deployed on the receiving end, which may specifically include a first antenna, a second antenna, and a third antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna respectively independently receive the first OAM signal sent by the transmitting end. The OAM signal received by the first antenna is called the first received signal, and the OAM signal received by the second antenna is called It is the second received signal, and the OAM signal received by the third antenna is called the third received signal.

接收端可以分别获取三个天线所接收到的OAM信号，然后确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差。需要说明的是，第一相位差可以是指三个接收信号中任意两个接收信号之间的相位差，而第二相位差则可以是该任意两个接收信号中的任意一个接收信号与另一个接收信号的相位差，例如，第一相位差可以是第一接收信号和第三接收信号之间的相位差，而第二相位差可以是第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的相位差；或者第一相位差可以是第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的相位差，而第二相位差可以是第一接收信号和第三接收信号之间的相位差，在此并不具体限定。The receiving end can separately obtain the OAM signals received by the three antennas, and then determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase between the second received signal and the third received signal difference. It should be noted that the first phase difference may refer to the phase difference between any two of the three received signals, and the second phase difference may be the phase difference between any one of the two received signals and the other. The phase difference of a received signal, for example, the first phase difference may be the phase difference between the first received signal and the third received signal, and the second phase difference may be the phase between the second received signal and the third received signal Difference; or the first phase difference may be the phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference may be the phase difference between the first received signal and the third received signal, which is not here Specific restrictions.

402、若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。402. If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state.

在接收端确定了第一相位差和第二相位差之后，可以获取第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值，并且判断该差值与校准阈值之间的关系。如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态是轴对准状态；相反，如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态是轴未对准状态。After the receiving end determines the first phase difference and the second phase difference, the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference can be obtained, and the relationship between the difference and the calibration threshold can be determined. If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state; on the contrary, if the first phase difference and the second phase difference If the difference between the differences is greater than the calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis misalignment state.

在一些可选的实施例中，校准阈值具体可以是预先设置的一个阈值，该阈值可以是在发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态下，所测量得到的一个阈值。例如，在确定发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态的情况下，可以通过与步骤401类似的方式获得第一天线和第二天线所接收到的OAM信号之间的相位差，以及第二天线和第三天线所接收到的OAM信号之间的相位差，然后通过求取这两个相位差的差值来获取校准阈值。In some optional embodiments, the calibration threshold may specifically be a preset threshold, and the threshold may be a threshold measured when the transmitting end and the receiving end are in axis alignment. For example, in the case where it is determined that the transmitting end and the receiving end are in axis alignment, the phase difference between the OAM signals received by the first antenna and the second antenna can be obtained in a similar manner to step 401, and the second antenna And the phase difference between the OAM signal received by the third antenna, and then obtain the calibration threshold by calculating the difference between the two phase differences.

本申请实施例中，接收端通过计算天线所对应的接收信号两两之间的相位差，并且根据不同的相位差之间的差值来确定接收端和发送端之间的轴对准状态，只需要通过确定接收信号之间的相位差即可实现轴对准状态的判定，而无需对OAM模态进行检测，能够有效地降低信号处理的复杂度，保证接收端能够正常地进行OAM轴对准的判定。In the embodiment of the present application, the receiving end calculates the phase difference between the two received signals corresponding to the antenna, and determines the axis alignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end according to the difference between the different phase differences. Only by determining the phase difference between the received signals, the axis alignment status can be determined without detecting the OAM mode, which can effectively reduce the complexity of signal processing and ensure that the receiving end can perform OAM axis alignment normally. Quasi-judgment.

可以参阅图5，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法另一实施例的流程示意图，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的另一个实施例，包括：Reference may be made to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Another embodiment of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:

501、获取第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号；501. Acquire a first received signal, a second received signal, and a third received signal;

在本实施例中，发送端可以向接收端发送OAM信号(即第一OAM信号)，然后接收端通过部署于接收端上的天线来接收发送端所发送的第一OAM信号。其中，接收端上至少部署有三个用于接收第一OAM信号的天线，具体可以包括第一天线、第二天线和第三天线。第一天线、第二天线和第三天线分别独立接收发送端所发送的第一OAM信号，第一天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第一接收信号，第二天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第二接收信号，第三天线所接收到的OAM信号称为第三接收信号。因此，接收端通过分别获取第一天线、第二天线以及第三天线所接收到的信号，即可获得第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号。In this embodiment, the sending end may send an OAM signal (that is, the first OAM signal) to the receiving end, and then the receiving end receives the first OAM signal sent by the sending end through an antenna disposed on the receiving end. Wherein, at least three antennas for receiving the first OAM signal are deployed on the receiving end, which may specifically include a first antenna, a second antenna, and a third antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna respectively independently receive the first OAM signal sent by the transmitting end. The OAM signal received by the first antenna is called the first received signal, and the OAM signal received by the second antenna is called It is the second received signal, and the OAM signal received by the third antenna is called the third received signal. Therefore, the receiving end can obtain the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal by separately acquiring the signals received by the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna.

502、确定第一角度差和第二角度差；502. Determine the first angle difference and the second angle difference.

本实施例中，第一角度差可以是指接收端中的第一天线和第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差，第二角度差可以是指接收端中的第二天线和第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的角度差。具体地，确定第一角度差具体可以是先确定第一天线和第二天线分别相对于待对准轴心位置的第一方位角以及第二方位角，通过将第一方位角和第二方位角作差来确定第一角度差。同理，确定第二角度差具体可以是先确定第二天线和第三天线分别相对于待对准轴心位置的第二方位角以及第三方位角，通过将第二方位角和第三方位角作差来确定第二角度差。In this embodiment, the first angular difference may refer to the angular difference between the first antenna and the second antenna in the receiving end relative to the position of the axis to be aligned, and the second angular difference may refer to the second antenna and the second antenna in the receiving end. The angle difference of the third antenna relative to the position of the axis to be aligned. Specifically, determining the first angle difference may specifically first determine the first azimuth angle and the second azimuth angle of the first antenna and the second antenna with respect to the axial position to be aligned, and the first azimuth angle and the second azimuth angle The angle difference is used to determine the first angle difference. In the same way, the second angle difference can be determined by first determining the second azimuth angle and the third azimuth angle of the second antenna and the third antenna with respect to the axial position to be aligned, and the second azimuth angle and the third azimuth angle are determined by comparing the second azimuth angle and the third azimuth angle. The angle difference is used to determine the second angle difference.

需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，确定第一角度差和第二角度差可以是在步骤501之前，也可以是在步骤501之后，在此并不做具体限定。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the determination of the first angle difference and the second angle difference may be before step 501 or after step 501, which is not specifically limited here.

在一些可选的实施例中，接收端中的天线可以是由多个天线呈均匀圆形排布所构成的天线阵列，具体可以参阅图6，图6为本申请实施例提供的均匀圆形天线阵列的结构示意图，如图6所示，图6中共有四个天线(图6中以“+”符号所表示)，四个天线分别位于同一个圆上的四个位置，每个天线与圆心(即待对准轴心)的距离相同。其中，天线1位于图中的右上角位置处，

表示的是天线1在天线阵列中相对于圆心的方位角；天线2位于图中的左上角位置处，

表示的是天线2在天线阵列中相对于圆心的方位角；天线3位于图中的左下角位置处，

表示的是天线3在天线阵列中相对于圆心的方位角；天线4位于图中的右下角位置处，

表示的是天线4在天线阵列中相对于圆心的方位角。由于四个天线呈均匀圆形排布，即相邻的两个天线之间的角度差是相等的，也就是说，在图6中，

显然，在均匀圆形天线阵列中，接收端可以确定得到第一角度差和第二角度差是相等的。 In some optional embodiments, the antenna in the receiving end may be an antenna array composed of a plurality of antennas arranged in a uniform circular shape. For details, please refer to FIG. 6, which is a uniform circular shape provided by an embodiment of this application. The schematic diagram of the antenna array structure is shown in Figure 6. There are four antennas in Figure 6 (represented by the "+" symbol in Figure 6). The four antennas are located at four positions on the same circle. The distance between the center of the circle (that is, the center of the axis to be aligned) is the same. Among them, antenna 1 is located at the upper right corner of the figure,

It shows the azimuth angle of antenna 1 relative to the center of the circle in the antenna array; antenna 2 is located at the upper left corner of the figure,

It shows the azimuth angle of the antenna 2 relative to the center of the circle in the antenna array; the antenna 3 is located at the lower left corner of the figure,

It shows the azimuth angle of the antenna 3 relative to the center of the circle in the antenna array; the antenna 4 is located at the lower right corner of the figure,

It shows the azimuth angle of the antenna 4 relative to the center of the circle in the antenna array. Since the four antennas are arranged in a uniform circular shape, that is, the angle difference between two adjacent antennas is equal, that is, in Figure 6,

Obviously, in a uniform circular antenna array, the receiving end can determine that the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal.

在一些可选的实施例中，接收端中的天线还可以是除均匀圆形阵列之外的其他排布形式，在这种情况下，接收端可以先确定待对准轴心位置，并且选取与该待对准轴心位置距离相等的多个天线，组成一个圆形阵列，然后再获取圆形阵列中天线所对应的第一接收信号、第二接收信号以及第三接收信号，也就是说，步骤501中的第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号是通过获取该圆形阵列中的第一天线、第二天线以及第三天线所接收到的OAM信号来得到的。在选取多个天线组成圆形阵列之后，则可以根据第一天线、第二天线以及第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的方位角确定第一角度差和第二角度差。可以理解的是，由于上述由多个天线所组成的圆形阵列并非是均匀圆形阵列，因此与均匀圆形阵列有所区别的是，该圆形阵列中相邻的两个天线之间的角度差并不是相等的，也就是说，第一天线和第二天线之间相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差与第二天线和第三天线之间相对于待对准轴心位置的第二角度差是不相等的。In some optional embodiments, the antennas in the receiving end can also be arranged in other forms besides a uniform circular array. In this case, the receiving end can first determine the position of the axis to be aligned, and select Multiple antennas with the same distance from the position of the axis to be aligned form a circular array, and then the first received signal, second received signal, and third received signal corresponding to the antennas in the circular array are obtained, that is, , The first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal in step 501 are obtained by obtaining the OAM signals received by the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna in the circular array. After selecting a plurality of antennas to form a circular array, the first angle difference and the second angle difference can be determined according to the azimuth angles of the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna relative to the position of the axis to be aligned. It is understandable that, because the circular array composed of multiple antennas is not a uniform circular array, it is different from a uniform circular array in that the distance between two adjacent antennas in the circular array is The angle difference is not equal, that is, the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis to be aligned The second angular difference in position is not equal.

在确定第一角度差和第二角度差之后，可以基于第一角度差和第二角度差之间的关系(即第一角度差和第二角度差是否相等)，来确定后续第一相位差和第二相位差的确定方式以及轴对准状态的判定方式，因此，在本申请实施例中，步骤503和步骤504叙述的是在第一角度差和第二角度差相等的情况下，对应的轴对准状态判定过程；步骤505和步骤506叙述的则是在第一角度差和第二角度差不相等的情况下，对应的轴对准状态判定过程。After determining the first angle difference and the second angle difference, the subsequent first phase difference can be determined based on the relationship between the first angle difference and the second angle difference (that is, whether the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal) And the second phase difference determination method and the axis alignment state determination method. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, steps 503 and 504 describe that when the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal, the corresponding Step 505 and step 506 describe the determination process of the corresponding axis alignment state when the first angle difference and the second angle difference are not equal.

需要说明的是，由于在接收端中，接收端上所部署的天线的位置是固定的，因此，对于同一个接收端来说，在大部分情况下，该接收端所对应的第一角度差和第二角度差也是固定的，显然该接收端可以预先获取到第一角度差和第二角度差之间是否相等的信息，然后在实际应用过程中，可以直接根据接收端中第一角度差和第二角度差之间的关系来执行后续的判定步骤，而不必需要在每一次轴对准判定过程中都进行一次第一角度差和第二角度差的确定以及对比。可以理解的是，接收端也可以在每次轴对准判定过程中，进行第一角度差和第二角度差的确定以及对比之后，再执行后续的判定步骤，在此并不做具体限定。It should be noted that, since the position of the antenna deployed on the receiving end is fixed in the receiving end, for the same receiving end, in most cases, the first angle difference corresponding to the receiving end is The difference between the second angle and the second angle is also fixed. Obviously, the receiving end can obtain information about whether the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal, and then in the actual application process, it can be directly based on the first angle difference in the receiving end. The relationship between the second angle difference and the second angle difference is used to perform the subsequent determination steps, and it is not necessary to determine and compare the first angle difference and the second angle difference once in each axis alignment determination process. It is understandable that the receiving end may also perform the subsequent determination steps after determining and comparing the first angle difference and the second angle difference during each axis alignment determination process, which is not specifically limited here.

503、若第一角度差和第二角度差相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差；503. If the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal, determine the first phase difference according to the first reception phase and the second reception phase, and determine the second phase difference according to the second reception phase and the third reception phase;

在本实施例中，在第一角度差和第二角度差相等的情况下，接收端可以直接根据第一接收信号对应的第一接收相位和第二接收信号对应的第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收信号对应的第二接收相位和第三接收信号对应的第三接收相位确定第二相位差。例如，如图6所示，φ ₁，φ ₂，φ ₃和φ ₄分别为天线1、天线2、天线3和天线4对应的接收相位，因此，天线1和天线2之间的第一相位差为φ ₁₂＝φ ₁-φ ₂，天线2和天线3之间的第二相位差为φ ₂₃＝φ ₂-φ ₃，也就是说，通过求取两个接收相位之间的差值来获得对应的相位差。其中，第一相位差指的是第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的差值，第二相位差指的是第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的差值。若φ ₁-φ ₂＞180°,则φ ₁₂＝φ ₁-φ ₂-360°；若φ ₁-φ ₂≤-180°,则φ ₁₂＝φ ₁-φ ₂+360°,同理，可以得到φ ₂₃。 In this embodiment, when the first angle difference and the second angle difference are equal, the receiving end can directly determine the first received phase according to the first received phase corresponding to the first received signal and the second received phase corresponding to the second received signal. The phase difference, and the second phase difference is determined according to the second received phase corresponding to the second received signal and the third received phase corresponding to the third received signal. For example, as shown in Figure 6, φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ and φ ₄ are the receiving phases corresponding to antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3, and antenna 4, respectively. Therefore, the first phase between antenna 1 and antenna 2 The difference is φ ₁₂ = φ _1- φ ₂ , and the second phase difference between antenna 2 and antenna 3 is φ ₂₃ = φ _2- φ ₃ , that is, by calculating the difference between the two reception phases Obtain the corresponding phase difference. Wherein, the first phase difference refers to the difference between the first reception phase and the second reception phase, and the second phase difference refers to the difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase. If φ ₁ -φ ₂ ＞180°, then φ ₁₂ =φ ₁ -φ ₂ -360°; if φ ₁ -φ ₂ ≤-180°, then φ ₁₂ =φ ₁ -φ ₂ +360°, the same is true, _{Φ 23} can be obtained.

504、若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态；504. If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, determine that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state;

在本实施例中，如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态是轴对准状态；相反，如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于第一校准阈值，则可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态是轴未对准状态。In this embodiment, if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state; on the contrary, if If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the first calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis misalignment state.

在一些可选的实施例中，第一校准阈值具体可以是预先设置的一个阈值，该阈值可以是在发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态下，所测量得到的一个阈值。例如，在确定发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态的情况下，可以通过与步骤503类似的方式获得第一天线和第二天线所接收到的OAM信号之间的相位差，以及第二天线和第三天线所接收到的OAM信号之间的相位差，然后通过求取这两个相位差的差值来获取第一校准阈值。In some optional embodiments, the first calibration threshold may specifically be a preset threshold, and the threshold may be a threshold measured when the transmitting end and the receiving end are in an axis-aligned state. For example, in the case where it is determined that the transmitting end and the receiving end are in axis alignment, the phase difference between the OAM signals received by the first antenna and the second antenna can be obtained in a similar manner to step 503, and the second antenna And the phase difference between the OAM signal received by the third antenna, and then obtain the first calibration threshold by calculating the difference between the two phase differences.

505、若第一角度差和第二角度差不相等，根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及第二角度差确定第二相位差；505. If the first angle difference and the second angle difference are not equal, determine the first phase difference according to the phase difference between the first reception phase and the second reception phase and the first angle difference, and determine the first phase difference according to the second reception phase and the third Determining the second phase difference by the phase difference between the received phases and the second angle difference;

在本实施例中，在第一角度差和第二角度差不相等的情况下，接收端可以根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及第二角度差确定第二相位差。具体地，可以通过将第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差除以第一角度差来得到第一相位差，通过将第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差除以第二角度差来得到第二相位差。例如，假设第一接收相位、第二接收相位以及第三接收相位分别为φ ₁，φ ₂和φ ₃，第一天线、第二天线以及第三天线对应的方位角分别为

和

那么，第一相位差和第二相位差分别可以通过以下的公式求得： In this embodiment, in the case that the first angle difference and the second angle difference are not equal, the receiving end can determine the first phase difference according to the phase difference between the first receiving phase and the second receiving phase and the first angle difference. , And the second phase difference is determined according to the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase and the second angle difference. Specifically, the first phase difference can be obtained by dividing the phase difference between the first reception phase and the second reception phase by the first angle difference, and by dividing the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase The second phase difference is obtained by the second angle difference. For example, assuming that the first receiving phase, the second receiving phase, and the third receiving phase are respectively φ ₁ , φ ₂ and φ ₃ , the azimuth angles corresponding to the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are respectively

with

Then, the first phase difference and the second phase difference can be obtained by the following formulas:

其中，若φ ₁-φ ₂＞180°,则φ ₁₂＝φ ₁-φ ₂-360°；若φ ₁-φ ₂≤-180°,则φ ₁₂＝φ ₁-φ ₂+360°,同理，可以得到φ ₂₃。若

则

若

则

同理，可以得到

φ′ ₁₂为第一相位差，φ′ ₂₃为第二相位差。也就是说，第一相位差实际上是第一天线和第二天线之间每一度物理角度所对应的相对相位，而第二相位差实际上则是第二天线和第三天线之间每一度物理角度所对应的相对相位。 Among them, if φ _1- φ ₂ > 180°, then φ ₁₂ = φ _1- φ ₂ -360°; if φ _1- φ ₂ ≤ -180°, then φ ₁₂ = φ _1- φ ₂ +360°, the same , We can get φ ₂₃ . If

then

If

then

Similarly, you can get

φ _'12 as a first phase, φ' ₂₃ for the second phase difference. In other words, the first phase difference is actually the relative phase corresponding to each degree of physical angle between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the second phase difference is actually each degree between the second antenna and the third antenna. The relative phase corresponding to the physical angle.

506、若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。506. If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state.

在一些可选的实施例中，第二校准阈值具体可以是预先设置的一个阈值，该阈值可以是在发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态下，所测量得到的一个阈值。例如，在确定发送端和接收端处于轴对准状态的情况下，可以通过与步骤505类似的方式获得两个相位差之后，然后通过求取这两个相位差的差值来获取第二校准阈值。In some optional embodiments, the second calibration threshold may specifically be a preset threshold, and the threshold may be a threshold measured when the transmitting end and the receiving end are in an axis-aligned state. For example, in the case where it is determined that the transmitting end and the receiving end are in axis alignment, the two phase differences can be obtained in a similar manner to step 505, and then the second calibration can be obtained by calculating the difference between the two phase differences. Threshold.

为了便于理解，以下将对本申请实施例中通过来相位差进行轴对准状态判定的原理进行详细说明。For ease of understanding, the principle of determining the axis alignment state by phase difference in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below.

OAM波束在传输过程中有两个相位角因子，一个是由于路径造成的相位exp(j2πd _mn/λ)，其中，d _mn是发送端天线m到接收端天线n的距离，λ为波长；另一个则是OAM在波前方向上的相位

其中，l是OAM的模态，

为天线的方位角。在接收端，由于路径不同，不同天线间因波束到达角而形成相位差

由于OAM模态，不同天线间形成相位差。以均匀圆形阵列为例，当用均匀圆形阵列接收OAM信号时，均匀圆形阵列中不同的天线所接收到的信号的相位差包含上述两种相位差。当收发两端轴对准时，均匀圆形阵列中相邻的天线由于波束到达角而造成的相位差是相等的，由于OAM模态造成的相位差也是相等的，使得整体的相位差基本相同。而当收发两端轴未对准时，均匀圆形阵列中不同的天线相对于发送端的位置是不同的，因此相邻的天线由于波束到达角造成的相位差是不相同的，并且由于OAM模态所造成的相位差也不一定相同，从而造成整体相位差不同。因此，可以通过检测相邻天线相位差的方式来判定轴对准状态。 The OAM beam has two phase angle factors during the transmission process, one is the phase exp(j2πd _mn /λ) _{caused by the path, where d mn} is the distance from the transmitting antenna m to the receiving antenna n, and λ is the wavelength; the other is One is the phase of OAM in the front of the wave

Among them, l is the mode of OAM,

Is the azimuth angle of the antenna. At the receiving end, due to different paths, different antennas form a phase difference due to the beam arrival angle

Due to the OAM mode, a phase difference is formed between different antennas. Taking a uniform circular array as an example, when a uniform circular array is used to receive OAM signals, the phase difference of signals received by different antennas in the uniform circular array includes the above two phase differences. When the transmitting and receiving ends are axially aligned, the phase difference caused by the beam arrival angle of the adjacent antennas in the uniform circular array is equal, and the phase difference caused by the OAM mode is also equal, making the overall phase difference basically the same. When the axes of the transmitting and receiving ends are not aligned, the positions of the different antennas in the uniform circular array relative to the transmitting end are different, so the phase difference caused by the beam arrival angle of adjacent antennas is different, and due to the OAM mode The resulting phase difference is not necessarily the same, resulting in a different overall phase difference. Therefore, the axis alignment state can be determined by detecting the phase difference between adjacent antennas.

同理，对于非均匀圆形阵列，当用非均匀圆形阵列接收OAM信号时，非均匀圆形阵列中不同的天线所接收到的信号的相位差同样包含上述两种相位差。当收发两端轴对准时，非均匀圆形阵列中不同的天线由于波束到达角造成的相位差是相等的，而相邻的天线之间由于OAM模态所造成的相位差则是与天线之间的角度差是成正比的，也就是说，单位角度内的相位差是相等的，因此，本申请实施例中可以通过比较不同的天线之间的每一度物理角度所对应的相对相位来判定轴对准状态。Similarly, for a non-uniform circular array, when the non-uniform circular array is used to receive OAM signals, the phase difference of the signals received by different antennas in the non-uniform circular array also includes the above two phase differences. When the transmitting and receiving ends are aligned, the phase difference caused by the beam arrival angle of the different antennas in the non-uniform circular array is equal, while the phase difference between adjacent antennas due to the OAM mode is the same as that of the antenna. The angle difference between the antennas is proportional, that is, the phase difference within a unit angle is equal. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the relative phase corresponding to each degree of physical angle between different antennas can be compared to determine Axis alignment status.

以上为对接收端进行轴对准状态的判定过程所进行的叙述，以下将结合在判定得到接收端与发送端之间为轴未对准状态之后所进行的过程进行详细的描述。为了便于叙述，以下将以接收端中的天线为均匀圆形天线阵列为例来进行描述，可以理解的是，当接收端中的天线为非均匀圆形阵列时，同样适用于以下所描述的实施例。The above is the description of the process of determining the axis alignment state of the receiving end, and the following will describe in detail the process performed after determining that the axis misalignment state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is obtained. For ease of description, the following description will take the antenna at the receiving end as a uniform circular antenna array as an example. It can be understood that when the antenna at the receiving end is a non-uniform circular array, the same applies to the following description Examples.

可以参阅图7，图7为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的另一实施例的流程示意图，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法的另一个实施例，包括：Refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Another embodiment of a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:

701、发送端向接收端发送第一OAM信号；701. The sending end sends a first OAM signal to the receiving end.

本实施例中，发送端可以将调制后的数字信号加载在OAM信号上，并且通过相应的OAM天线向接收端发送该OAM信号，并且经过空口后到达接收端，从而使得接收端可以接收到发送端所发送的第一OAM信号。In this embodiment, the transmitting end can load the modulated digital signal on the OAM signal, and send the OAM signal to the receiving end through the corresponding OAM antenna, and reach the receiving end after passing through the air interface, so that the receiving end can receive the transmitted signal. The first OAM signal sent by the terminal.

702、接收端获取第一相位差和第二相位差；702. The receiving end obtains the first phase difference and the second phase difference.

本实施例中，接收端在接收到发送端所发送的第一OAM信号之后，可以通过计算第一天线、第二天线以及第三天线对应的接收相位来求取第一相位差和第二相位差。其中，接收端获取第一相位差和第二相位差的方式与上述的步骤501至503类似，此处不再赘述。In this embodiment, after the receiving end receives the first OAM signal sent by the transmitting end, the first phase difference and the second phase can be obtained by calculating the receiving phases corresponding to the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna. difference. Wherein, the manner in which the receiving end obtains the first phase difference and the second phase difference is similar to the foregoing steps 501 to 503, and will not be repeated here.

703、接收端判断第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值是否小于或等于第一校准阈值；703. The receiving end determines whether the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold.

本实施例中，在接收端获取到相应的第一相位差和第二相位差之后，可以判断第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值是否小于或等于第一校准阈值，如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则转至执行步骤704；如果第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于第一校准阈值，则转至执行步骤705。In this embodiment, after the receiving end obtains the corresponding first phase difference and second phase difference, it can be determined whether the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold. The difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, then go to step 704; if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the first calibration threshold, then Go to step 705.

704、接收端确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息；704. The receiving end determines that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis alignment state, and sends axis alignment feedback information to the transmitting end;

本实施例中，接收端在判断得到第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值的情况下，可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，并且向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，从而使得发送端将该OAM信号对应的波束方向确定为轴对准方向，即在发送端与接收端的后续通信过程中，发送端可以通过该波束方向上的OAM信号向接收端传输数据。In this embodiment, when the receiving end determines that the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it can determine that the state between the receiving end and the sending end is axis alignment Status, and send axis alignment feedback information to the transmitter, so that the transmitter determines the beam direction corresponding to the OAM signal as the axis alignment direction, that is, during the subsequent communication process between the transmitter and the receiver, the transmitter can pass the beam The OAM signal in the direction transmits data to the receiving end.

705、接收端对接收信号进行移相，并基于移相后的接收信号确定新的相位差；705. The receiving end shifts the phase of the received signal, and determines a new phase difference based on the phase-shifted received signal.

本实施例中，接收端在判断得到第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于第一校准阈值的情况下，可以确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴未对准状态，因此，在接收端上可以对接收信号进行移相，以进行轴对准调节。具体地，接收端可以对第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号进行移相，例如通过移相器对上述的接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号，然后确定移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差。In this embodiment, when the receiving end determines that the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the first calibration threshold, it can be determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis misalignment state Therefore, the received signal can be phase-shifted on the receiving end to adjust the axis alignment. Specifically, the receiving end may phase-shift the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal, for example, use a phase shifter to phase-shift the above-mentioned received signal to obtain the phase-shifted first received signal, The second received signal after the phase and the third received signal after the phase shift, and then the third phase difference between the first received signal after the phase shift and the second received signal after the phase shift, and the first received signal after the phase shift are determined. The fourth phase difference between the second received signal and the phase-shifted third received signal.

706、接收端判断第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值是否小于或等于第一校准阈值；706. The receiving end determines whether the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold.

本实施例中，接收端在对接收信号进行移相并且获取到了移相后的接收信号对应的第三相位差和第四相位差之后，可以求取第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，并且判断第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值是否小于或等于第一校准阈值。也就是说，在接收端基于初始接收到的OAM信号确定其与发送端之间处于轴未对准状态的情况下，接收端通过对接收信号进行移相来实现轴对准调节，并且在对接收信号进行移相之后，继续基于移相后的接收信号判定其与发送端之间的轴对准状态。如果在对接收信号进行移相之后，得到的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则可以转至执行步骤704。In this embodiment, after the receiving end shifts the phase of the received signal and obtains the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference corresponding to the phase-shifted received signal, it can find the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference And determine whether the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold. In other words, when the receiving end determines that it is in a misaligned state with the transmitting end based on the initially received OAM signal, the receiving end realizes the shaft alignment adjustment by shifting the phase of the received signal, and After the received signal is phase-shifted, continue to determine the axis alignment state between it and the transmitting end based on the phase-shifted received signal. If after the received signal is phase-shifted, the obtained difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, then step 704 may be transferred to.

需要说明的是，在接收端中，可以对接收信号进行一次或者多次移相，在对接收信号进行一次移相的情况下，如果得到的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值大于第一校准阈值，则可以转至执行步骤707；在对接收信号进行多次移相的情况下，可以在每一次对接收信号进行移相之后，均通过移相后的接收信号求取相应的第三相位差和第四相位差，并且判断第三相位差和第四相位差是否小于或等于第一校准阈值，如果第三相位差和第四相位差小于或等于第一校准阈值，则同样可以转至执行步骤704，否则，重复执行对接收信号进行移相、基于移相后的接收信号确定新的第三相位差和第四相位差并且判断新的第三相位差和第四相位差是否满足差值小于或等于第一校准阈值的条件，直至已经执行了预置次数的移相操作。如果，在经过多次移相之后，每次移相后所求取得到的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值仍然是大于第一校准阈值，则转至执行步骤707。It should be noted that at the receiving end, the received signal can be phase-shifted one or more times. In the case of one-time phase-shifting of the received signal, if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is obtained If the value is greater than the first calibration threshold, you can go to step 707; if the received signal is phase-shifted multiple times, the received signal can be obtained from the phase-shifted received signal after each phase-shifting of the received signal. Corresponding to the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, and determine whether the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference are less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, if the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference are less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, Then you can also go to step 704, otherwise, repeat the phase shift of the received signal, determine the new third phase difference and the fourth phase difference based on the phase-shifted received signal, and determine the new third phase difference and the fourth phase difference. Whether the phase difference satisfies the condition that the difference value is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, until a preset number of phase shift operations have been performed. If, after multiple phase shifts, the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference obtained after each phase shift is still greater than the first calibration threshold, then go to step 707.

707、接收端向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息；707. The receiving end sends feedback information of axis misalignment to the sending end;

本实施例中，在接收端通过对接收信号进行一次或多次移相之后，接收端与发送端仍然处于轴未对准状态时，由接收端向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，该轴未对准反馈信息用于指示发送端向接收端发送新的OAM信号，且该新的OAM信号的波束方向与原来所发送的OAM信号的波束方向不一致。也就是说，在接收端通过对接收信号进行移相来进行轴对准调节之后，接收端与发送端仍然无法处于轴对准状态的情况下，可以认为发送端当前所发送的OAM信号的波束方向并非是轴对准状态下的波束方向，因此，接收端可以向发送端发送一个反馈信息，来指示发送端重新发送一个新的且具有不同波束方向的OAM信号。In this embodiment, after the receiving end shifts the phase of the received signal one or more times, and the receiving end and the sending end are still in the shaft misalignment state, the receiving end sends the shaft misalignment feedback information to the sending end. The axis misalignment feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to send a new OAM signal to the receiving end, and the beam direction of the new OAM signal is inconsistent with the beam direction of the originally sent OAM signal. That is to say, after the receiving end performs the axis alignment adjustment by phase shifting the received signal, the receiving end and the transmitting end still cannot be in the state of axis alignment, it can be considered that the beam of the OAM signal currently sent by the transmitting end The direction is not the beam direction in the axis-aligned state. Therefore, the receiving end can send a feedback message to the sending end to instruct the sending end to resend a new OAM signal with a different beam direction.

在一些可选的实施例中，该轴未对准反馈信息中可以携带有相应的相位差信息，例如第三相位差和第四相位差，或者是第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，该轴未对准反馈信息具体可以用于指示发送端根据第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向，也就是说，发送端可以根据轴未对准反馈信息中所携带的相位差信息来确定第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，并且基于该差值确定向接收端发送的第二OAM信号的波束方向。In some optional embodiments, the axis misalignment feedback information may carry corresponding phase difference information, for example, the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, or between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference The axis misalignment feedback information can be specifically used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, that is, the transmitting end can be based on The phase difference information carried in the axis misalignment feedback information determines the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, and determines the beam direction of the second OAM signal sent to the receiving end based on the difference.

可以理解的是，在接收端对接收信号进行了多次移相，并且分别得到了多组不同的第三相位差和第四相位差的情况下，接收端可以在多组不同的第三相位差和第四相位差中，选择第三相位差与第四相位差之间的差值最小的一组，发送给发送端。It is understandable that when the receiving end has shifted the phase of the received signal multiple times, and obtaining multiple sets of different third phase differences and fourth phase differences, the receiving end can perform multiple sets of different third phase differences. Among the difference and the fourth phase difference, the group with the smallest difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is selected and sent to the sending end.

708、发送端判断是否已向接收端发送过各个波束方向上的OAM信号；708. The sending end judges whether the OAM signal in each beam direction has been sent to the receiving end.

本实施例中，当发送端接收到接收端所发送的轴未对准反馈信息之后，发送端获取当前已向接收端发送过的所有OAM信号，并且判断是否已经向接收端发送过各个方向的OAM信。例如，在发送端设定有N个波束方向的情况下，当发送端接收到接收端所发送的轴未对准反馈信息之后，发送端获取当前已向接收端发送过的波束方向的个数，并且判断已向接收端发送过的波束方向的个数是否已经达到N个，如果是，则认为发送端已经向接收端发送过所有波束方向上的OAM信号，否则，认为发送端还没有向接收端发送完毕所有波束方向上的OAM信号。In this embodiment, after the sending end receives the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end, the sending end obtains all OAM signals that have been sent to the receiving end so far, and determines whether it has sent all directions to the receiving end. OAM letter. For example, in the case where the transmitting end has set N beam directions, after the transmitting end receives the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end, the transmitting end obtains the number of beam directions that have been currently sent to the receiving end , And judge whether the number of beam directions that have been sent to the receiving end has reached N. If so, it is considered that the sending end has sent OAM signals in all beam directions to the receiving end. Otherwise, it is considered that the sending end has not The receiving end sends OAM signals in all beam directions.

当发送端确定还没有向接收端发送完毕所有波束方向上的OAM信号时，则可以转至执行步骤709；当发送端确定已经向接收端发送过所有波束方向上的OAM信号时，则可以转至执行步骤710。When the sending end determines that the OAM signal in all beam directions has not been sent to the receiving end, it can go to step 709; when the sending end determines that it has sent OAM signals in all beam directions to the receiving end, it can go to Go to step 710.

709、发送端确定OAM信号的波束方向，并向接收端发送新的OAM信号；709. The transmitting end determines the beam direction of the OAM signal, and sends a new OAM signal to the receiving end.

本实施例中，在发送端确定还没有向接收端发送完毕所有波束方向上的OAM信号的情况下，发送端可以确定将要发送给接收端的新的OAM信号的波束方向，并且在确定好新的OAM信号的波束方向之后，在相应的波束方向上向接收端发送该新的OAM信号。接收端在接收到新的OAM信号之后，同样按照上述的步骤在该新的OAM信号的基础上，判断其与发送端之间的轴对准状态，也就是说，步骤709之后可以转至执行步骤702。In this embodiment, when the transmitting end determines that the OAM signal in all beam directions has not been sent to the receiving end, the transmitting end can determine the beam direction of the new OAM signal to be sent to the receiving end, and after determining the new OAM signal After the beam direction of the OAM signal, the new OAM signal is sent to the receiving end in the corresponding beam direction. After receiving the new OAM signal, the receiving end also judges the axis alignment state between it and the transmitting end based on the new OAM signal according to the above steps, that is, after step 709, it can be transferred to the execution Step 702.

在一些可选的实施例中，在发送端预先设定有多个波束方向的情况下，发送端可以按照一定的顺序依次向接收端发送不同的波束方向上的OAM信号。例如，假设发送端预先设定有10个波束方向的情况下，发送端可以按照波束方向1到波束方向10的顺序依次选择相应的波束方向来向接收端发送相应的OAM信号；当然，发送端也可以按照波束方向10到波束方向1的顺序依次选择相应的波束方向来向接收端发送相应的OAM信号；另外，发送端还可以按照其他一些顺序来选择相应的波束方向来向接收端发送相应的OAM信号，此处并不做具体限定。In some optional embodiments, when multiple beam directions are preset at the transmitting end, the transmitting end may sequentially send OAM signals in different beam directions to the receiving end in a certain order. For example, assuming that the transmitting end has preset 10 beam directions, the transmitting end can select the corresponding beam directions in the order of beam direction 1 to beam direction 10 to send the corresponding OAM signal to the receiving end; of course, the transmitting end It is also possible to select the corresponding beam directions in the order of beam direction 10 to beam direction 1 to send the corresponding OAM signal to the receiving end; in addition, the sending end can also select the corresponding beam direction to send the corresponding OAM signal to the receiving end according to other orders. The OAM signal is not specifically limited here.

在一些可选的实施例中，在接收端所发送的轴未对准反馈信息中携带有相位差信息的情况下，发送端具体可以根据轴未对准反馈信息中所携带的相位差信息来确定相应的波束方向，例如当轴未对准反馈信息中的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值较大时，发送端可以确定新的波束方向与之前所发送的波束方向之间相差较大，例如在之前所发送的OAM信号的波束方向为波束方向2的情况下，可以确定波束方向5为新的波束方向；当轴未对准反馈信息中的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值较小时，发送端可以确定新的波束方向与之前所发送的波束方向之间相差较小，例如在之前所发送的OAM信号的波束方向为波束方向2的情况下，可以确定波束方向3或4为新的波束方向。具体地，对于发送端而言，发送端可以根据第三相位差和第四相位差的具体差值以及之前所发送的波束方向来确定新的波束方向，具体的确定方式在此不做具体限定。In some optional embodiments, in the case that the shaft misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end carries phase difference information, the sending end may specifically determine the phase difference according to the phase difference information carried in the shaft misalignment feedback information. Determine the corresponding beam direction. For example, when the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference in the axis misalignment feedback information is large, the transmitting end can determine the difference between the new beam direction and the previously transmitted beam direction. For example, when the beam direction of the previously transmitted OAM signal is beam direction 2, it can be determined that beam direction 5 is the new beam direction; when the axis is not aligned with the third phase difference and the first phase difference in the feedback information When the difference between the four phase differences is small, the transmitting end can determine that the new beam direction and the previously transmitted beam direction are small, for example, when the beam direction of the previously transmitted OAM signal is beam direction 2. , The

beam direction

3 or 4 can be determined as the new beam direction. Specifically, for the transmitting end, the transmitting end can determine the new beam direction according to the specific difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference and the previously transmitted beam direction. The specific determination method is not specifically limited here. .

710、发送端选择相位差值最小的波束方向作为轴对准方向。710. The transmitting end selects the beam direction with the smallest phase difference value as the axis alignment direction.

本实施例中，在发送端确定已经向接收端发送完毕所有波束方向上的OAM信号的情况下，可以认为发送端在所有的波束方向上所发送的OAM信号中均没有出现与接收端轴对准的OAM信号，也就是说，发送端在遍历了所有的波束方向之后仍然没有确定得到轴对准状态下的波束方向。此时，为了保证发送端和接收端之间尽可能地偏向轴对准状态，发送端可以根据各个波束方向下接收端所发送的轴未对准反馈信息中的相位差信息，确定一个最接近轴对准状态的波束方向作为轴对准方向。其中，该波束方向下所对应的第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值是所有的波束方向下最小的。In this embodiment, when the transmitting end determines that the OAM signals in all beam directions have been sent to the receiving end, it can be considered that the transmitting end does not appear in the OAM signals sent in all beam directions that are aligned with the receiving end axis. A quasi-OAM signal, that is, the transmitting end has not determined the beam direction in the axis-aligned state after traversing all the beam directions. At this time, in order to ensure that the sending end and the receiving end are as far as possible to the axis alignment state, the sending end can determine the closest one according to the phase difference information in the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end in each beam direction. The beam direction in the axis-aligned state is used as the axis-aligned direction. Wherein, the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference corresponding to the beam direction is the smallest in all beam directions.

以上对本申请实施例提供的信号处理方法进行了介绍，接下来将对本申请实施例提供的通信设备进行介绍。The signal processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application has been introduced above, and the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application will be introduced next.

可以参阅图8，图8为本申请实施例提供的第一通信设备的结构示意图，本申请实施例提供的第一通信设备80，可以包括：Refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first communication device 80 provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:

确定单元801，用于确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，第一接收信号为第一天线接收到的第一轨道角动量OAM信号，第二接收信号为第二天线接收到的第一OAM信号，第三接收信号为第三天线接收到的第一OAM信号；The determining unit 801 is configured to determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal, where the first received signal is the first The first orbital angular momentum OAM signal received by one antenna, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna, and the third received signal is the first OAM signal received by the third antenna;

确定单元801，还用于若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。The determining unit 801 is further configured to determine that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis alignment state if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold.

可选地，在一些实施例中，确定单元801还用于：若第一天线与第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和第二天线与第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第二角度差相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差，其中，第一接收相位为第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位为第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位为第三接收信号的接收相位；若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，校准阈值包括第一校准阈值。Optionally, in some embodiments, the determining unit 801 is further configured to: if the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axial position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna are relative to the axis to be aligned The second angle difference of the quasi-axis position is equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the first receiving phase and the second receiving phase, and the second phase difference is determined according to the second receiving phase and the third receiving phase, where the first receiving phase The phase is the receiving phase of the first received signal, the second receiving phase is the receiving phase of the second receiving signal, and the third receiving phase is the receiving phase of the third receiving signal; if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference If the value is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis alignment state, and the calibration threshold includes the first calibration threshold.

可选地，在一些实施例中，确定单元801还用于：若第一天线与第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和第二天线与第三天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第二角度差不相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及第二角度差确定第二相位差，其中，第一接收相位为第一接收信号的接收相位，第二接收相位为第二接收信号的接收相位，第三接收相位为第三接收信号的接收相位；若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，校准阈值包括第二校准阈值。Optionally, in some embodiments, the determining unit 801 is further configured to: if the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axial position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna are relative to the axis to be aligned If the second angle difference of the quasi-axis center position is not equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the phase difference between the first receiving phase and the second receiving phase and the first angle difference, and according to the second receiving phase and the third receiving phase The phase difference between and the second angle difference determines the second phase difference, where the first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and the third reception phase is the first reception phase. 3. The receiving phase of the received signal; if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state, and the calibration threshold includes The second calibration threshold.

可选地，在一些实施例中，第一通信设备80还包括移相单元802；该移相单元802，用于若第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则对第一接收信号、第二接收信号和第三接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号；确定单元801，还用于确定移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差；确定单元801，还用于若第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。Optionally, in some embodiments, the first communication device 80 further includes a phase shifting unit 802; the phase shifting unit 802 is configured to: if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, Phase shift the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal to obtain the phase-shifted first received signal, the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase-shifted third received signal; a determining unit 801 , Also used to determine the third phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and between the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted third received signal The fourth phase difference; the determining unit 801, is also used to determine if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is determined to be the axis-aligned state .

可选地，在一些实施例中，第一通信设备80还包括发送单元803，该发送单元803用于若第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值，则向发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，轴未对准反馈信息用于指示发送端发送第二OAM信号，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。Optionally, in some embodiments, the first communication device 80 further includes a sending unit 803 configured to send a message to the sending end if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold The axis misalignment feedback information is sent, and the axis misalignment feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to send the second OAM signal, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.

可选地，在一些实施例中，轴未对准反馈信息包括第三相位差和第四相位差，或第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值，轴未对准反馈信息还用于指示发送端根据第三相位差和第四相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向。Optionally, in some embodiments, the shaft misalignment feedback information includes a third phase difference and a fourth phase difference, or the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, and the shaft misalignment feedback information also It is used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference.

可选地，在一些实施例中，第一通信设备80还包括：发送单元803，用于向发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，轴对准反馈信息用于指示发送端确定第一OAM信号对应的波束方向为轴对准方向。Optionally, in some embodiments, the first communication device 80 further includes a sending unit 803, configured to send axis alignment feedback information to the sending end, and the axis alignment feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to determine that the first OAM signal corresponds to The beam direction of is the axis alignment direction.

可以参阅图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的第二通信设备的结构示意图，本申请实施例提供的第二通信设备90，可以包括：Refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The second communication device 90 provided by an embodiment of the present application may include:

发送单元901，用于向接收端发送第一OAM信号；The sending unit 901 is configured to send the first OAM signal to the receiving end;

接收单元902，用于接收该接收端发送的轴未对准反馈信息，其中，第一轴未对准反馈信息是接收端在第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值大于校准阈值时确定的，第一相位差为移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的相位差，第二相位差为移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的相位差，移相后的第一接收信号为对第一天线接收到的第一接收信号进行移相后得到的信号，移相后的第二接收信号为对第二天线接收到的第二接收信号移相后得到的信号，移相后的第三接收信号为对第三天线接收到的第三接收信号移相后得到的信号，第一天线、第二天线和第三天线为接收端中用于接收第一OAM信号的天线；The receiving unit 902 is configured to receive the axis misalignment feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the first axis misalignment feedback information is that the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference at the receiving end is greater than the calibration threshold The first phase difference is the phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the second phase difference is the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted The phase difference between the third received signal. The phase-shifted first received signal is the signal obtained by phase-shifting the first received signal received by the first antenna, and the phase-shifted second received signal is the second received signal. The second received signal received by the antenna is phase-shifted, and the phase-shifted third received signal is the signal obtained after phase-shifting the third received signal received by the third antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the The third antenna is an antenna used for receiving the first OAM signal in the receiving end;

该发送单元901，还用于根据轴未对准反馈信息向接收端发送第二OAM信号，第二OAM信号和第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。The sending unit 901 is further configured to send a second OAM signal to the receiving end according to the shaft misalignment feedback information, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.

该第二通信设备还包括确定单元903，该确定单元903用于根据第一相位差和第二相位差之间的差值确定第二OAM信号的波束方向；该发送单元901，还用于向接收端发送第二OAM信号。The second communication device further includes a determining unit 903, and the determining unit 903 is configured to determine the beam direction of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference; the sending unit 901 is also configured to The receiving end sends the second OAM signal.

结合上述第四方面或第四方面第一种可能的实现方式中，在第二方面第二种可能的实现方式中，该确定单元903还用于若接收到接收端发送的轴对准反馈信息，则确定第二OAM信号的波束方向为轴对准方向。In combination with the foregoing fourth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining unit 903 is further configured to: if the axis alignment feedback information sent by the receiving end is received , The beam direction of the second OAM signal is determined to be the axis alignment direction.

可以参阅图10，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的架构图，本申请实施例提供的信号处理***，包括：Refer to FIG. 10, which is an architecture diagram of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of the application. The signal processing system provided by an embodiment of the application includes:

第一通信设备101和第二通信设备102；其中，第一通信设备101包括波束扫描模块1011和OAM起旋模块1012；第二通信设备102包括天线阵列1021、移相控制模块1022和数字信号处理模块1023。在第一通信设备101中，波束扫描模块1011与OAM起旋模块1012连接，第一通信设备101中的射频信号经过波束扫描模块1011和OAM起旋模块1012之后，向第二通信设备102发出一束具有特定波束方向的OAM波束。该OAM波束经过空口传输之后，在第二通信设备102中，由天线阵列1021接收，然后由与天线阵列1021连接的移相控制模块1022对接收信号进行检测，并且计算相应的相位差，根据多个相位差的差值来判定轴对准状态，在轴未对准时，通过对接收信号进行移相来实现轴对准调节，并且在进行轴对准调节后仍然无法实现轴对准的情况下，向第一通信设备101发送轴未对准反馈信息，以使得第一通信设备101中的波束扫描模块1011调节OAM波束方向并向第二通信设备102重新发送新的OAM波束。直至第一通信设备101和第二通信设备102之间达到轴对准状态，则第二通信设备102中的接收信号进入数字信号处理模块1023中实现数据解调。The first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102; among them, the first communication device 101 includes a beam scanning module 1011 and an OAM spin-up module 1012; the second communication device 102 includes an antenna array 1021, a phase shift control module 1022, and digital signal processing Module 1023. In the first communication device 101, the beam scanning module 1011 is connected to the OAM spin-up module 1012. After the radio frequency signal in the first communication device 101 passes through the beam scanning module 1011 and the OAM spin-up module 1012, it sends a signal to the second communication device 102. The beam has an OAM beam with a specific beam direction. After the OAM beam is transmitted through the air interface, it is received by the antenna array 1021 in the second communication device 102, and then the received signal is detected by the phase shift control module 1022 connected to the antenna array 1021, and the corresponding phase difference is calculated. A phase difference difference is used to determine the axis alignment state. When the axis is not aligned, the received signal is phase-shifted to achieve the axis alignment adjustment, and the axis alignment cannot be achieved after the axis alignment adjustment , Send axis misalignment feedback information to the first communication device 101, so that the beam scanning module 1011 in the first communication device 101 adjusts the OAM beam direction and resends a new OAM beam to the second communication device 102. Until the axis alignment state between the first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102 is reached, the received signal in the second communication device 102 enters the digital signal processing module 1023 to implement data demodulation.

具体地，在本申请实施例中，第一通信设备101中可以部署有图9对应实施例中所描述的第二通信设备，用于实现图9对应实施例中第二通信设备所实现的功能，例如由第一通信设备101的波束扫描模块实现图9对应实施例中第二通信设备所实现的功能；第二通信设备102中可以部署有图8对应实施例中所描述的第一通信设备，用于实现图8中对应实施例中第一通信设备所实现的功能，例如由第二通信设备102的移相控制模块1022实现图8对应实施例中的第一通信设备所实现的功能。Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the second communication device described in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9 may be deployed in the first communication device 101 to implement the functions implemented by the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9 For example, the beam scanning module of the first communication device 101 implements the functions implemented by the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9; the second communication device 102 may be deployed with the first communication device described in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. , Is used to implement the functions implemented by the first communication device in the corresponding embodiment in FIG. 8, for example, the phase shift control module 1022 of the second communication device 102 implements the functions implemented by the first communication device in the corresponding embodiment in FIG. 8.

可选地，可以参阅图11，图11为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图，在一些实施例中，第一通信设备具体可以包括：基带模块、开关切换网络、第一射频链路、第一天线阵列、透镜以及波束扫描模块，OAM起旋模块具体可以包括可重构超表面；其中，基带模块与开关切换网络连接，用于实现OAM信号调制和数模信号转换等；开关切换网络与多个第一射频链路连接，用于实现第一射频链路的选择；波束扫描模块还与开关切换网络连接，用于通过开关切换网络来选择相应的第一射频链路和发射天线，从而实现波束方向的切换；多个第一射频链路则分别与第一天线阵列中的发射天线连接，用于实现信号变频和信号放大等功能；第一天线阵列中包括有多个呈一维或二维排列的天线，用于发送不同方向的波束；此外，第一天线阵列中的天线所发射的波束穿过透镜到达可重构超表面，透镜可以改变相应的波束的方向，可重构超表面则可以同时改变入射波的方向并且实现波束起旋，将平面电磁波转换成特定方向上的OAM波束。Optionally, refer to FIG. 11, which is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of the application. In some embodiments, the first communication device may specifically include: a baseband module, a switch The switching network, the first radio frequency link, the first antenna array, the lens, and the beam scanning module. The OAM spin-up module may specifically include a reconfigurable metasurface; wherein the baseband module is connected to the switching network to achieve OAM signal modulation and Digital-to-analog signal conversion, etc.; the switching network is connected to multiple first radio frequency links to realize the selection of the first radio frequency link; the beam scanning module is also connected to the switching network to select the corresponding The first radio frequency link and the transmitting antenna realize the switching of the beam direction; the multiple first radio frequency links are respectively connected to the transmitting antenna in the first antenna array to realize the functions of signal frequency conversion and signal amplification; the first antenna The array includes multiple antennas arranged in one or two dimensions for transmitting beams in different directions; in addition, the beams emitted by the antennas in the first antenna array pass through the lens to reach the reconfigurable metasurface, and the lens can be changed Corresponding to the direction of the beam, the reconfigurable metasurface can simultaneously change the direction of the incident wave and realize the beam spin-up, converting the plane electromagnetic wave into an OAM beam in a specific direction.

具体地，可重构超表面主要由多个相位单元和可调器件(例如可变电容)构成，能够实现每个相位单元的反射相位或者入射相位在一定范围内可调。对于入射方向为

的入射平面波束，若要产生方向为

的OAM波束，则需对可调超表面上第p行第q列的相位单元加补偿相位

补偿相位

的具体计算方式可以参阅下式： Specifically, the reconfigurable metasurface is mainly composed of multiple phase units and adjustable devices (for example, variable capacitors), which can realize that the reflected phase or incident phase of each phase unit can be adjusted within a certain range. For the incident direction

The incident plane beam, if the direction is to be

For OAM beams, it is necessary to add a compensation phase to the phase unit in the p-th row and the q-th column on the adjustable metasurface

Compensation phase

The specific calculation method can refer to the following formula:

其中，l _k是OAM波束的模态，Φ _k是第p行第q列相位单元的方位角，Φ _k＝tan(y _pq/x _pq),

是相位单元的直角坐标位置。 Among them, l _k is the mode of the OAM beam, Φ _k is the azimuth angle of the phase unit in the p-th row and the q-th column, Φ _k =tan(y _pq /x _pq ),

Is the rectangular coordinate position of the phase unit.

另外，第二通信设备具体可以包括：第二天线阵列、第二射频链路、移相控制模块和数字信号处理模块；其中，第二天线阵列可以是均匀圆形天线阵列，也可以是其他排布形式的天线阵列，用于接收第一通信设备发送的OAM信号；第二射频链路与第二天线阵列中的天线连接，用于实现信号变频和信号放大等功能；移相控制模块与第二射频链路连接，用于实现OAM信号的处理，其具体的处理过程可以参阅图10对应的实施例，在此不再赘述；数字信号处理模块则与移相控制模块连接，用于在轴对准状态下实现数据的解调。In addition, the second communication device may specifically include: a second antenna array, a second radio frequency link, a phase shift control module, and a digital signal processing module; wherein, the second antenna array may be a uniform circular antenna array or other arrays. The antenna array in the form of cloth is used to receive the OAM signal sent by the first communication device; the second radio frequency link is connected with the antenna in the second antenna array to realize the functions of signal frequency conversion and signal amplification; the phase shift control module and the second antenna 2. The radio frequency link connection is used to realize OAM signal processing. For the specific processing process, please refer to the corresponding embodiment in Figure 10, which will not be repeated here; the digital signal processing module is connected to the phase shift control module for on-axis Realize data demodulation in the aligned state.

为了便于理解，以下将对本实施例中信号处理***中实现信号处理的流程进行详细说明。For ease of understanding, the flow of signal processing in the signal processing system in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

首先，在第一通信设备中，数字信号经过基带模块后产生经调制后的OAM信号并且转换成模拟信号，然后由波束扫描模块通过开关切换网络选择一路第一射频链路及其对应的发射天线；发射天线所发射的OAM信号经过透镜之后产生一个对应的波束方向，并且经可重构超表面产生向第二通信设备发射的OAM波束。First, in the first communication device, after the digital signal passes through the baseband module, a modulated OAM signal is generated and converted into an analog signal, and then the beam scanning module selects a first radio frequency link and its corresponding transmitting antenna through the switch network ; After the OAM signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna passes through the lens, a corresponding beam direction is generated, and the OAM beam transmitted to the second communication device is generated through the reconfigurable metasurface.

在第二通信设备中，第二天线阵列中的接收天线接收到OAM信号之后，该OAM信号通过第二射频链路下变频之后进入到移相控制模块，由移相控制模块实现计算OAM信号的相对相位差、对OAM信号进行移相等操作(具体过程可参阅图4、图5或者图7对应的实施例)，并且在对OAM信号进行移相后，仍未实现轴对准时，确定所得相对相位的差值最小的一个波束方向及其对应的发射天线，向第一通信设备发送轴未对准反馈信息。In the second communication device, after the receiving antenna in the second antenna array receives the OAM signal, the OAM signal enters the phase shift control module after being down-converted through the second radio frequency link, and the phase shift control module realizes the calculation of the OAM signal Relative phase difference, the OAM signal is shifted and equalized (for the specific process, please refer to the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4, Figure 5 or Figure 7), and after the OAM signal is phase-shifted, when the axis alignment is still not achieved, determine the relative A beam direction with the smallest phase difference and its corresponding transmitting antenna send axis misalignment feedback information to the first communication device.

在第一通信设备接收到轴未对准反馈信息之后，选择相对相位的差值最小的一个波束方向对应的发射天线作为馈源，由波束扫描模块调整可重构超表面的相位单元，实现OAM波束的波束方向连续可调，并且向接收端发送波束方向调整后的OAM波束，以使得第二通信设备继续执行上述计算相位差、对OAM信号进行移相等步骤，直到实现第一通信设备和第二通信设备之间处于轴对准状态。After the first communication device receives the shaft misalignment feedback information, it selects the transmitting antenna corresponding to the beam direction with the smallest relative phase difference as the feed source, and the beam scanning module adjusts the phase unit of the reconfigurable metasurface to achieve OAM The beam direction of the beam is continuously adjustable, and the OAM beam with the adjusted beam direction is sent to the receiving end, so that the second communication device continues to perform the above steps of calculating the phase difference and shifting the OAM signal until the first communication device and the second communication device are realized. The two communication devices are in shaft alignment.

在本实施例中，可以对多用户同时进行波束跟踪，即第一通信设备可以同时发送多路数据信号并且由开关切换网络选择多路第一射频链路及其对应的发射天线，并经可重构超表面产生相同或者是不同的模态，从而向不同的第二通信设备发出相应的OAM波束。在第二通信设备上，可以反馈带有不同标记的反馈信息给第一通信设备，以达到区分不同的第二通信设备的目的。In this embodiment, beam tracking can be performed on multiple users at the same time, that is, the first communication device can transmit multiple data signals at the same time and the switch network selects multiple first radio frequency links and their corresponding transmitting antennas, and The reconstructed metasurface generates the same or different modalities, so that corresponding OAM beams are sent to different second communication devices. On the second communication device, feedback information with different marks can be fed back to the first communication device, so as to achieve the purpose of distinguishing different second communication devices.

可选地，可以参阅图12，图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图，与图11中对应的实施例不同的是，本实施例中，第一通信设备中仅有一条第一射频链路，并且第一射频链路位于基带模块以及开关切换网络之间，而开关切换网络则与第一天线阵列连接。因此，本实施例中的第一通信设备仅用于支持单个第二通信设备的波束扫描以及通信。此外，本实施例中第二通信设备的结构与图11对应的实施例中的第二通信设备的结构相同，在此不再赘述。可以理解的是，本实施例中实现信号处理的流程与图11对应的实施例类似，具体可以参考图11对应的实施例，在此不再赘述。Optionally, refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system provided by an embodiment of this application. The difference from the corresponding embodiment in FIG. 11 is that in this embodiment, There is only one first radio frequency link in a communication device, and the first radio frequency link is located between the baseband module and the switching network, and the switching network is connected to the first antenna array. Therefore, the first communication device in this embodiment is only used to support beam scanning and communication of a single second communication device. In addition, the structure of the second communication device in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that the flow of signal processing in this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11. For details, reference may be made to the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, which will not be repeated here.

可选地，可以参阅图13，图13为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图，第一通信设备具体可以包括：基带模块、第一射频链路、馈源天线、波束扫描模块和可重构超表面；其中，基带模块与第一射频链路连接，用于实现OAM信号调制和数模信号转换等；第一射频链路则与馈源天线连接，用于实现信号变频和信号放大等功能；馈源天线用于生成产生相应的电磁波波束，并且发射至可重构超表面上；可重构超表面则可以同时改变入射波的方向并且实现波束起旋，将平面电磁波转换成一定角度范围内方向可变的OAM波束。此外，本实施例中第二通信设备的结构与图11对应的实施例中的第二通信设备的结构相同，在此不再赘述。可以理解的是，本实施例中实现信号处理的流程与图11对应的实施例类似，具体可以参考图11对应的实施例，在此不再赘述。Optionally, refer to FIG. 13, which is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system according to an embodiment of the application. The first communication device may specifically include: a baseband module, a first radio frequency link, and a feeder. Source antenna, beam scanning module and reconfigurable metasurface; among them, the baseband module is connected to the first radio frequency link for OAM signal modulation and digital-to-analog signal conversion, etc.; the first radio frequency link is connected to the feed antenna, It is used to realize the functions of signal frequency conversion and signal amplification; the feed antenna is used to generate the corresponding electromagnetic wave beam and transmit it to the reconfigurable metasurface; the reconfigurable metasurface can simultaneously change the direction of the incident wave and achieve beam starting Rotation converts the plane electromagnetic wave into an OAM beam with variable direction within a certain angle range. In addition, the structure of the second communication device in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that the flow of signal processing in this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11. For details, reference may be made to the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, which will not be repeated here.

可选地，可以参阅图14，图14为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理***的另一实施例的结构示意图，第一通信设备具体可以包括：基带模块、OAM映射与波束扫描模块、多个第一射频链路以及第一天线阵列，其中第一天线阵列为均匀圆形天线阵列；其中，基带模块与OAM映射与波束扫描模块连接，用于实现OAM信号调制和数模信号转换等；OAM映射与波束扫描模块则与多个第一射频链路连接，用于选择相应的第一射频链路；均匀圆形天线阵列则用于产生波束方向可调的OAM波束，并且将OAM波束发送给第二通信设备。此外，本实施例中第二通信设备的结构与图11对应的实施例中的第二通信设备的结构相同，在此不再赘述。可以理解的是，本实施例中实现信号处理的流程与图11对应的实施例类似，具体可以参考图11对应的实施例，在此不再赘述。Optionally, refer to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a signal processing system according to an embodiment of the application. The first communication device may specifically include: a baseband module, an OAM mapping and beam scanning module, Multiple first radio frequency links and a first antenna array, where the first antenna array is a uniform circular antenna array; where the baseband module is connected with the OAM mapping and beam scanning module to implement OAM signal modulation and digital-to-analog signal conversion, etc. ; The OAM mapping and beam scanning module is connected with multiple first radio frequency links to select the corresponding first radio frequency link; the uniform circular antenna array is used to generate the OAM beam with adjustable beam direction, and the OAM beam Sent to the second communication device. In addition, the structure of the second communication device in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that the flow of signal processing in this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11. For details, reference may be made to the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 11, which will not be repeated here.

本申请实施例中的第一通信设备或者第二通信设备可能有部分单元(或器件)为通过硬件电路来实现而另一部分单元(或器件)通过软件来实现，也可能其中所有单元(或器件)都通过硬件电路来实现，还可能其中所有单元(或器件)都通过软件来实现。The first communication device or the second communication device in the embodiment of the present application may have some units (or devices) realized by hardware circuits and another part of the units (or devices) may be realized by software, or all of the units (or devices) may be realized by software. ) Are implemented by hardware circuits, and it is also possible that all units (or devices) are implemented by software.

图15为本申请实施例提供的一种第一通信设备的结构示意图，如图15所示，一种第一通信设备150，例如用户面功能UPF单元或类似功能单元的设备。该第一通信设备150包括：处理器1501，存储器1502，其中，存储器1502可以独立于处理器之外或独立于通信设备之外(Memory#3)，也可以在处理器或通信设备之内(Memory#1和Memory#2)。存储器1502可以是物理上独立的单元，也可以是云服务器上的存储空间或网络硬盘等。FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first communication device according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 15, a first communication device 150, such as a user plane function UPF unit or a device with a similar functional unit. The first communication device 150 includes a processor 1501 and a memory 1502, where the memory 1502 can be independent of the processor or independent of the communication device (Memory#3), or can be within the processor or the communication device ( Memory#1 and Memory#2). The storage 1502 may be a physically independent unit, or may be a storage space on a cloud server, a network hard disk, or the like.

存储器1502用于存储计算机可读指令(或者称之为计算机程序)。The memory 1502 is used to store computer readable instructions (or called computer programs).

处理器1501用于读取计算机可读指令以实现前述有关第一通信设备的方面及其任意实现方式提供的方法。The processor 1501 is configured to read computer-readable instructions to implement the foregoing aspects related to the first communication device and the method provided in any implementation manner thereof.

可选的，存储器1502(Memory#1)位于装置内。Optionally, the memory 1502 (Memory#1) is located in the device.

可选的，存储器1502(Memory#2)与处理器集成在一起。Optionally, the memory 1502 (Memory#2) is integrated with the processor.

可选的，存储器1502(Memory#3)位于装置之外。Optionally, the memory 1502 (Memory#3) is located outside the device.

可选的，该第一通信设备还包括收发器1003，用于接收和发送数据。Optionally, the first communication device further includes a transceiver 1003 for receiving and sending data.

图16为本申请实施例提供的一种第二通信设备的结构示意图，如图16所示，一种第二通信设备160，例如接入与移动管理功能AMF单元或类似功能单元的设备。该第二通信设备160包括：处理器1601，存储器1602，其中，存储器1602可以独立于处理器之外或独立于通信设备之外(Memory#3)，也可以在处理器或通信设备之内(Memory#1和Memory#2)。存储器1602可以是物理上独立的单元，也可以是云服务器上的存储空间或网络硬盘等。FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a second communication device according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 16, a second communication device 160, for example, a device with an access and mobility management function AMF unit or a similar functional unit. The second communication device 160 includes a processor 1601 and a memory 1602. The memory 1602 may be independent of the processor or independent of the communication device (Memory#3), and may also be within the processor or the communication device ( Memory#1 and Memory#2). The memory 1602 may be a physically independent unit, or may be a storage space on a cloud server or a network hard disk.

存储器1602用于存储计算机可读指令(或者称之为计算机程序)，The memory 1602 is used to store computer readable instructions (or called computer programs),

处理器1601用于读取计算机可读指令以实现前述有关第二通信设备的方面及其任意实现方式提供的方法。The processor 1601 is configured to read computer-readable instructions to implement the foregoing aspects related to the second communication device and the method provided by any implementation manner thereof.

可选的，存储器1602(Memory#1)位于装置内。Optionally, the memory 1602 (Memory#1) is located in the device.

可选的，存储器1602(Memory#2)与处理器集成在一起。Optionally, the memory 1602 (Memory#2) is integrated with the processor.

可选的，存储器1602(Memory#3)位于装置之外。Optionally, the memory 1602 (Memory#3) is located outside the device.

可选的，该第一通信设备还包括收发器1603，用于接收和发送数据。Optionally, the first communication device further includes a transceiver 1603 for receiving and sending data.

另外，该处理器1501或1601可以是中央处理器单元，通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路，现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，数字信号处理器和微处理器的组合等等。另外，该存储器1502或1602可以包括：易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)、云存储(cloud storage)、网络附接存储(NAS：network attached Storage)、网盘(network drive)等；存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合或者其他具有存储功能的任意形态的介质或产品。In addition, the

processor

1501 or 1601 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof . It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor may also be a combination that implements computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and so on. In addition, the

memory

1502 or 1602 may include: volatile memory (volatile memory), such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as Flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD), cloud storage, network attached storage (NAS: network attached Storage), network disk ( network drive), etc.; the memory may also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memory or any other medium or product with storage function.

所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and conciseness of the description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device, and unit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.

另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.

所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者通信设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a communication device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

Claims

一种信号处理方法，其特征在于，包括：A signal processing method, characterized in that it comprises:

确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及所述第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收信号为第一天线接收到的第一轨道角动量OAM信号，所述第二接收信号为第二天线接收到的第一OAM信号，所述第三接收信号为第三天线接收到的第一OAM信号；Determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal, where the first received signal is the first antenna The received first orbital angular momentum OAM signal, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna, and the third received signal is the first OAM signal received by the third antenna;

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is the axis-aligned state.
根据权利要求1所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及所述第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差包括：The signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the difference between the second received signal and the third received signal The second phase difference includes:

若所述第一天线与所述第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和所述第二天线与所述第三天线相对于所述待对准轴心位置的第二角度差相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据所述第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收相位为所述第一接收信号的接收相位，所述第二接收相位为所述第二接收信号的接收相位，所述第三接收相位为所述第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned If the angle difference is equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the first reception phase and the second reception phase, and the second phase difference is determined according to the second reception phase and the third reception phase, where the first reception phase is The reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and the third reception phase is the reception phase of the third reception signal;

所述若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，包括：If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to a calibration threshold, determining that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state includes:

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，所述校准阈值包括所述第一校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state, and The calibration threshold includes the first calibration threshold.
根据权利要求1所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及所述第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差包括：The signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the difference between the second received signal and the third received signal The second phase difference includes:

若所述第一天线与所述第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和所述第二天线与所述第三天线相对于所述待对准轴心位置的第二角度差不相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及所述第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及所述第二角度差确定第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收相位为所述第一接收信号的接收相位，所述第二接收相位为所述第二接收信号的接收相位，所述第三接收相位为所述第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned If the angle difference is not equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the phase difference between the first reception phase and the second reception phase and the first angle difference, and according to the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase And the second angle difference determines a second phase difference, wherein the first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and The third receiving phase is the receiving phase of the third received signal;

所述若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，包括：If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to a calibration threshold, determining that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state includes:

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，所述校准阈值包括所述第二校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state, and The calibration threshold includes the second calibration threshold.
根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：The signal processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises:

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值大于所述校准阈值，则对所述第一接收信号、所述第二接收信号和所述第三接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号；If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, the first received signal, the second received signal, and the third received signal are phase-shifted , Obtain the phase-shifted first received signal, the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase-shifted third received signal;

确定所述移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差；Determine the third phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the first phase difference between the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted third received signal Four-phase difference

若所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于所述校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。If the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state.
根据权利要求4所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：The signal processing method according to claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:

若所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值大于所述校准阈值，则向所述发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，所述轴未对准反馈信息用于指示所述发送端发送第二OAM信号，所述第二OAM信号和所述第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。If the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, send shaft misalignment feedback information to the sending end, and the shaft misalignment feedback information is used to indicate The transmitting end sends a second OAM signal, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.
根据权利要求5所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述轴未对准反馈信息包括所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差，或所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值，所述轴未对准反馈信息还用于指示所述发送端根据所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值确定所述第二OAM信号的波束方向。The signal processing method according to claim 5, wherein the axis misalignment feedback information includes the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, or the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference. The difference between the phase difference, the axis misalignment feedback information is also used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the second OAM signal according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference Beam direction.
根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的信号处理方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态之后，所述方法还包括：The signal processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the determining that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state, the method further comprises:

向所述发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，所述轴对准反馈信息用于指示所述发送端确定所述第一OAM信号对应的波束方向为轴对准方向。Sending axis alignment feedback information to the transmitting end, where the axis alignment feedback information is used to instruct the transmitting end to determine that the beam direction corresponding to the first OAM signal is the axis alignment direction.
一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：A communication device, characterized in that it comprises:

确定单元，用于确定第一接收信号和第二接收信号之间的第一相位差，以及所述第二接收信号和第三接收信号之间的第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收信号为第一天线接收到的第一轨道角动量OAM信号，所述第二接收信号为第二天线接收到的第一OAM信号，所述第三接收信号为第三天线接收到的第一OAM信号；The determining unit is configured to determine the first phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal, and the second phase difference between the second received signal and the third received signal, wherein the first received signal The signal is the first orbital angular momentum OAM signal received by the first antenna, the second received signal is the first OAM signal received by the second antenna, and the third received signal is the first OAM received by the third antenna. signal;

所述确定单元，还用于若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于校准阈值，则确定接收端与发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。The determining unit is further configured to determine that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to a calibration threshold.
根据权利要求8所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述确定单元，还用于：The communication device according to claim 8, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:

若所述第一天线与所述第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和所述第二天线与所述第三天线相对于所述待对准轴心位置的第二角度差相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位确定第一相位差，以及根据所述第二接收相位和第三接收相位确定第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收相位为所述第一接收信号的接收相位，所述第二接收相位为所述第二接收信号的接收相位，所述第三接收相位为所述第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned If the angle difference is equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the first reception phase and the second reception phase, and the second phase difference is determined according to the second reception phase and the third reception phase, where the first reception phase is The reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and the third reception phase is the reception phase of the third reception signal;

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第一校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，所述校准阈值包括所述第一校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the first calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state, and The calibration threshold includes the first calibration threshold.
根据权利要求8所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述确定单元，还用于：The communication device according to claim 8, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:

若所述第一天线与所述第二天线相对于待对准轴心位置的第一角度差和所述第二天线与所述第三天线相对于所述待对准轴心位置的第二角度差不相等，则根据第一接收相位和第二接收相位之间的相位差以及所述第一角度差确定第一相位差，以及根据第二接收相位和第三接收相位之间的相位差以及所述第二角度差确定第二相位差，其中，所述第一接收相位为所述第一接收信号的接收相位，所述第二接收相位为所述第二接收信号的接收相位，所述第三接收相位为所述第三接收信号的接收相位；If the first angle difference between the first antenna and the second antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned and the second antenna and the third antenna relative to the axis position to be aligned If the angle difference is not equal, the first phase difference is determined according to the phase difference between the first reception phase and the second reception phase and the first angle difference, and according to the phase difference between the second reception phase and the third reception phase And the second angle difference determines a second phase difference, wherein the first reception phase is the reception phase of the first reception signal, the second reception phase is the reception phase of the second reception signal, and The third receiving phase is the receiving phase of the third received signal;

若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值小于或等于第二校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态，所述校准阈值包括所述第二校准阈值。If the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is less than or equal to the second calibration threshold, it is determined that the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end is an axis-aligned state, and The calibration threshold includes the second calibration threshold.
根据权利要求8至10任意一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备还包括：The communication device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the communication device further comprises:

移相单元，用于若所述第一相位差和所述第二相位差之间的差值大于所述校准阈值，则对所述第一接收信号、所述第二接收信号和所述第三接收信号进行移相，得到移相后的第一接收信号、移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号；A phase shifting unit, configured to: if the difference between the first phase difference and the second phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, perform a comparison of the first received signal, the second received signal, and the first 3. Phase shift the received signal to obtain a phase-shifted first received signal, a phase-shifted second received signal, and a phase-shifted third received signal;

所述确定单元，还用于确定所述移相后的第一接收信号和移相后的第二接收信号之间的第三相位差，以及移相后的第二接收信号和移相后的第三接收信号之间的第四相位差；The determining unit is further configured to determine the third phase difference between the phase-shifted first received signal and the phase-shifted second received signal, and the phase-shifted second received signal and the phase-shifted A fourth phase difference between the third received signals;

所述确定单元，还用于若所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值小于或等于所述校准阈值，则确定所述接收端与所述发送端之间的状态为轴对准状态。The determining unit is further configured to determine the state between the receiving end and the transmitting end if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is less than or equal to the calibration threshold It is the state of axis alignment.
根据权利要求11所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备还包括：The communication device according to claim 11, wherein the communication device further comprises:

发送单元，还用于若所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值大于所述校准阈值，则向所述发送端发送轴未对准反馈信息，所述轴未对准反馈信息用于指示所述发送端发送第二OAM信号，所述第二OAM信号和所述第一OAM信号的波束方向不相同。The sending unit is further configured to send axis misalignment feedback information to the sending end if the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference is greater than the calibration threshold, and the axis is not aligned The quasi-feedback information is used to instruct the sending end to send a second OAM signal, and the beam directions of the second OAM signal and the first OAM signal are different.
根据权利要求12所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述轴未对准反馈信息包括所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差，或所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值，所述轴未对准反馈信息还用于指示所述发送端根据所述第三相位差和所述第四相位差之间的差值确定所述第二OAM信号的波束方向。The communication device according to claim 12, wherein the axis misalignment feedback information includes the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference, or the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference The axis misalignment feedback information is also used to instruct the transmitting end to determine the value of the second OAM signal according to the difference between the third phase difference and the fourth phase difference. Beam direction.
根据权利要求8至11任意一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备还包括：The communication device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the communication device further comprises:

发送单元，用于向所述发送端发送轴对准反馈信息，所述轴对准反馈信息用于指示所述发送端确定所述第一OAM信号对应的波束方向为轴对准方向。The sending unit is configured to send shaft alignment feedback information to the transmitting end, where the shaft alignment feedback information is used to instruct the transmitting end to determine that the beam direction corresponding to the first OAM signal is the shaft alignment direction.
一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器，存储器；A communication device, characterized by comprising: a processor and a memory;

所述存储器用于存储计算机可读指令或者计算机程序，所述处理器用于读取所述计算机可读指令以实现如权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的方法。The memory is used to store computer readable instructions or computer programs, and the processor is used to read the computer readable instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的方法。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized by comprising computer program instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-7.