WO2021073420A1 - 叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵 - Google Patents
叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021073420A1 WO2021073420A1 PCT/CN2020/118562 CN2020118562W WO2021073420A1 WO 2021073420 A1 WO2021073420 A1 WO 2021073420A1 CN 2020118562 W CN2020118562 W CN 2020118562W WO 2021073420 A1 WO2021073420 A1 WO 2021073420A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- impeller assembly
- assembly
- bearing surface
- impeller
- hydrodynamic bearing
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/818—Bearings
- A61M60/824—Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
- A61M60/135—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of surgical instruments, in particular to an impeller assembly and a suspension blood pump.
- the third-generation levitation blood pump such as a magnetic-liquid mixing and levitation rotary pump, in which the impeller in the pump rotates in suspension under the combined action of the hydraulic bearing and the magnetic bearing, so that the impeller only contacts the volume of blood in the pump, that is The blood can be moved from the pump inlet to the pump outlet. Since the entire impeller has no mechanical contact with the pump body, compared to the second-generation mechanical bearing impeller pump, it can reduce the damage to blood cells and reduce hemolysis and thrombosis.
- each impeller body of the rotary pump is provided with an inclined surface (two-dimensional plane) defining an axial hydraulic bearing, and each inclined surface extends in a clockwise direction from The relatively low fluid pressure inlet area spirals upward to the relatively high fluid pressure outlet area; the inclination angle of the inclined plane with respect to the horizontal plane is less than 1 degree; when the impeller rotates, the blood flowing through the inclined plane is compressed, so that as it is applied to the adjacent The force on the inner surface of the upper pump casing increases, so the net axial downward pressure is applied to the upper protruding surface of each raised impeller body.
- the net axial downward pressure is It is produced by the compression of the blood flowing through the inclined plane.
- the impeller is a high-speed rotating part, which will generate huge centrifugal force.
- the technical solution is equipped with side plates on both sides of the impeller to limit the leakage of blood, The height of the side plate is limited and the effect is very small.
- the blood flowing through the inclined plane will also move quickly to the outer diameter of the impeller under the influence of centrifugal force.
- most of the blood will quickly leak out of the inclined plane, resulting in only a small amount of remaining blood. Large downward pressure can cause irreversible damage to the blood. In severe cases, hemolysis and thrombosis may occur, which endangers the life of the patient.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an impeller assembly and a suspension blood pump to solve the problem that blood easily leaks out of the surface of the hydraulic bearing in the existing suspension blood pump.
- an impeller assembly which includes:
- Each of the blades includes a hydrodynamic bearing surface, the hydrodynamic bearing surface is arranged on the end surface of the blade along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface inclines inward toward the center of the impeller assembly.
- each of the hydrodynamic bearing surfaces has a first side edge and a second side edge opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly, and the first side edge is connected to a first side edge and a second side edge.
- the first flow passage is adjacent to each other, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface slopes downward from the second side edge to the first side edge.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface is a flat surface, and the inclination angle of the hydrodynamic bearing surface toward the center of the impeller assembly is not greater than 4°.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface is a downwardly concave curved surface, wherein a cross-section of the hydrodynamic bearing surface along the axial direction of the impeller assembly is a curve, and the curve is The radius of curvature is greater than 48.5 mm, and the ratio of the radius of curvature to the outer diameter of the impeller assembly is greater than 1.35.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface is a parabolic cylinder surface.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface is a twisted surface
- the inclination angle of the first side is greater than the inclination angle of the second side
- the inclination of the first side The rate of change k from the inclination angle to the inclination angle of the second side edge with the length of the central axis of the hydrodynamic bearing surface satisfies: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.32°/mm.
- each of the hydrodynamic bearing surfaces further has a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other in the radial direction of the impeller assembly, and the third side is respectively connected to The first side is adjacent to the second side, the fourth side is adjacent to the first side and the second side, and the third side is opposite to the fourth side.
- the side edge is closer to the center of the impeller assembly; each of the blades further includes a first convex edge and a second convex edge arranged in a radial direction of the impeller assembly, the first convex edge and the third convex edge The side edges are adjacent, and the second protruding edge is adjacent to the fourth side edge.
- an end of the first rib that is close to the first side edge includes a flaring section.
- each of the blades further includes a gear table, and the gear table is arranged on the end surface of the blade along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly, and the same is the same as the one of the blades.
- the gear base is adjacent to the second side of the hydrodynamic bearing surface.
- the gear table has a fifth side and a sixth side opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly, and the fifth side is the same as that of the same blade.
- the second side of the hydraulic bearing surface is adjacent to each other, and the gear base is inclined downward from the fifth side to the sixth side.
- the present invention also provides a suspension blood pump, which includes a housing assembly and a center column assembly.
- the housing assembly has a first inner cavity and a liquid inlet communicating with the first inner cavity. Orifice and liquid outlet, the central column assembly is fixedly arranged in the center of the first inner cavity along the axial direction, and is characterized in that it further comprises the impeller assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, and the impeller The assembly is rotatably disposed in the first inner cavity around the center column assembly, and the impeller assembly is configured to be relative to the center column assembly under the action of liquid flowing from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet. And the housing assembly remains suspended.
- the liquid inlet is opened along the axial direction of the housing assembly, and the liquid outlet is opened along the radial direction of the housing assembly.
- the pump also includes a first magnetic block group arranged on the inner circumference of the impeller assembly and a second magnetic block group arranged on the outer circumference of the center column assembly; the first magnetic block group and the second magnetic block group Are configured to mutually form a repulsive force; the hydraulic bearing surface of the impeller assembly is set toward the direction of the liquid inlet;
- the space enclosed by the housing assembly and the hydraulic bearing surface constitutes a hydraulic bearing, and the hydraulic bearing is configured to push the impeller assembly away from the impeller assembly under the action of liquid when the impeller assembly rotates.
- the force in the direction of the liquid inlet works together with the repulsive force to keep the impeller assembly suspended relative to the central column assembly and the housing assembly.
- the rotation axis of the impeller assembly is coaxial with the axis of the central column assembly.
- the suspension blood pump further includes a liquid inlet pipe communicating with the liquid inlet, the central column assembly, the first cavity, and the liquid inlet Manage the three coaxial lines.
- the housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing are detachably connected, and the upper housing and the lower housing The first inner cavity is formed between the lower shells.
- the central column assembly includes a central column body fixed on the lower housing and a guide head fixed on the central column body.
- the central column body is cylindrical; the guide head is a tip with an arc-shaped surface.
- the guide head partially extends into the liquid inlet tube from the first inner cavity.
- the impeller assembly includes an impeller body, a plurality of blades, and a plurality of first flow channels, and each blade includes a hydrodynamic bearing surface, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface It is arranged on the end surface of the blade along the circumferential direction of the impeller main body, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface is inclined inward toward the center of the impeller main body, so that when the impeller assembly rotates, the inwardly inclined hydrodynamic bearing surface cancels part of the
- the centrifugal force can reduce the blood leakage caused by the centrifugal force when the impeller rotates at high speed, reduce the damage to the blood, improve the carrying capacity of the suspended blood pump, improve the safety of the blood pump system, and protect the life safety of patients.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a suspension blood pump provided in the first embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of the suspension blood pump provided in the first embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the suspension blood pump provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of the impeller assembly provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a gear base provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a top view of a gear base provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow channel of a hydraulic bearing provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a force analysis diagram of blood in the fluid bearing provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a gear base provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a force analysis diagram of blood in the fluid bearing provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a gear base provided in a third embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the included angle of the hydrodynamic bearing surface provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- 10-shell components 11-upper shell; 110-upper inner wall of upper shell; 12-lower shell; 120-lower inner wall of lower shell; 13-liquid inlet pipe; 14-liquid outlet pipe; 100-first Inner cavity; 101-liquid inlet; 102-liquid outlet; 103-second flow path; 105-first flow path;
- 30-impeller assembly 31-hydrodynamic bearing surface; 311-first side; 312-second side; 313-third side; 314-fourth side; 32-first magnetic block group; 33- Blade; 341-first convex edge; 342-second convex edge; 341a-flaring section; 35-tooth base; 41-blood.
- the core idea of the present invention is to provide an impeller assembly and a suspension blood pump to solve the problem that blood easily leaks out of the hydraulic bearing surface in the existing suspension blood pump.
- the impeller assembly includes an impeller body and a plurality of Blades and a plurality of first flow passages; all the blades are circumferentially arranged on the impeller body, and the first flow passage is formed between two adjacent blades; each blade includes a liquid
- a force bearing surface is provided on the end surface of the blade along the circumferential direction of the impeller main body, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface is inclined inwardly toward the center of the impeller main body.
- the inwardly inclined hydraulic bearing surface offsets part of the centrifugal force, thereby reducing blood leakage caused by centrifugal force when the impeller rotates at high speed, reducing damage to blood, and improving the suspension blood pump
- the load-bearing capacity of the blood pump system improves the safety of the blood pump system and protects the life safety of patients.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a suspension blood pump provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of the suspension blood pump provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- Figure 3 is A cross-sectional view of the suspension blood pump provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the impeller assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the gear base provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. The top view of the gear base provided in the first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow channel of the fluid bearing provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a force analysis diagram of blood in the fluid bearing provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the first embodiment of the present invention provides a suspension blood pump, which includes: a housing assembly 10, an impeller assembly 30, and a center column assembly 20; the housing assembly 10 has a first inner cavity 100.
- the housing assembly 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 101 and a liquid outlet 102; both the liquid inlet 101 and the liquid outlet 102 are in communication with the first inner cavity 100; the central column assembly 20
- the impeller assembly 30 is fixedly arranged in the center of the first inner cavity 100 along the axial direction, and the impeller assembly 30 is rotatably arranged in the first inner cavity 100 around the central column assembly 20; the impeller assembly 30 is configured to The liquid flows from the liquid inlet 101 to the liquid outlet 102 and remains suspended relative to the central column assembly 20 and the housing assembly 10.
- the suspension blood pump is a magnetic liquid suspension blood pump
- the liquid inlet 101 is opened along the axial direction of the housing assembly 10
- the liquid outlet 102 is along the axial direction of the housing assembly 10.
- the radial opening of the housing assembly 10 is described.
- the impeller assembly 30 has a first magnet block group 32 arranged on the inner circumference of the impeller assembly 30;
- the central column assembly 20 has a second magnet block group 22 arranged on the outer circumference of the central column assembly 20;
- the first magnetic block group 22 and the second magnetic block group 32 are configured to mutually form a repulsive force;
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 of the impeller assembly 30 is set toward the liquid inlet 101; the housing assembly 10
- the space enclosed by the hydraulic bearing surface 31 constitutes a hydraulic bearing.
- the hydraulic bearing is configured to push the impeller assembly 30 away from the inlet under the action of the liquid when the impeller assembly 30 rotates.
- the force in the direction of the liquid port 101 works together with the repulsive force to keep the impeller assembly 30 suspended relative to the central column assembly 20 and the housing assembly 10.
- the housing assembly 10 includes an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12, and the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are detachably connected, for example, can be fixedly connected by screws.
- a first inner cavity 100 is formed between the upper casing 11 and the lower casing 12, and the first inner cavity 100 is approximately oblate (that is, a shape obtained by pressing both ends of the same diameter of the sphere for a certain amount).
- a liquid inlet pipe 13 is provided on the outside of the upper housing 11 along the axis of the first inner cavity 100. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 is connected to the first inner cavity 100, and the other end is the liquid inlet 101 through which blood flows. 101 inflow.
- the central column assembly 20 is fixedly arranged in the center of the first inner cavity 100 along the axial direction.
- the central column assembly 20 is fixedly arranged inside the lower housing 12, and the central column assembly 20, the first inner cavity 100 and the inlet
- the three liquid pipes 13 are coaxial.
- the rotation axis of the impeller assembly 30 and the axis of the central column assembly 20 are also coaxial.
- the impeller assembly 30 is rotatably arranged around the central column assembly 20.
- the upper inner wall 110 of the upper casing is opposite and parallel to the lower inner wall 120 of the lower casing, and the length of the impeller assembly 30 in the axial direction is slightly smaller than the distance between the upper inner wall 110 of the upper casing and the lower inner wall 120 of the lower casing ( That is, the length of the impeller assembly 30 in the axial direction is slightly smaller than the axial inner dimension of the first inner cavity 100), so that the impeller assembly 30 can be suspended in the housing assembly 10 without mechanical friction with the housing assembly 10 during operation.
- a liquid outlet 102 is opened along the radial direction for blood to flow out.
- a liquid outlet tube 14 is provided on the outside of the liquid outlet 102, so as to guide the flow of blood and connect other pipelines.
- the center column assembly 20 includes a cylindrical center column body 23 and a guide head 24.
- One end of the center column body 23 away from the liquid inlet 101 is fixed to the lower housing 12 (for example, a snap connection, etc.), and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide head 24 (for example, it can be integrally formed).
- the guide head 24 may be A tip with a smooth arc-shaped surface for guiding and diverting blood.
- the tip of the guide head 24 can be partially extended into the liquid inlet tube 13 by the first inner cavity 100 to better guide the flow of blood.
- the impeller assembly 30 is also provided with a driving magnet block, and the motor assembly outside the housing assembly 10 can drive the impeller assembly 30 to rotate via the driving magnet block.
- the first magnetic block group 32 and the second magnetic block group 22 are configured to mutually form repulsive forces to limit the radial displacement of the impeller assembly 30 relative to the center column assembly 20, while the center column assembly 20 passes
- the first magnetic block group 32 and the second magnetic block group 22 exert a repulsive force toward the liquid inlet 101 on the impeller assembly 30.
- the first magnetic block group 32 and the second magnetic block group 22 can be magnetic rings
- the first magnetic block group 32 on the impeller assembly 30 is a moving magnetic ring
- the second magnetic block group 22 on the center column assembly 1 is a static magnet
- the ring, the moving magnetic ring and the static magnetic ring form a repulsive magnetic bearing, which can provide the impeller assembly 30 with radial support rigidity and a certain axial support rigidity.
- the magnetic pole arrangement of the first magnetic block group 32 and the second magnetic block group 22 are the same.
- the first magnetic block group 32 is a magnetic ring magnetized along the axial direction of the impeller assembly 30, the end close to the liquid inlet 101 is the N pole, and the end far away from the liquid inlet 101 is the S pole;
- the second magnetic block group 22 is The magnetic ring magnetized along the axis of the central column assembly 20 has an N pole at the end close to the liquid inlet 101, and an S pole at the end far away from the liquid inlet 101.
- the first magnetic block group 32 is not limited to a whole magnetic ring, it can also be a number of magnetic rings arranged along the axial direction of the impeller assembly 30, or a number of magnetic blocks around the axis of the impeller assembly 30. Or a number of magnetic blocks are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the impeller assembly 30 and along the axial direction of the impeller assembly 30 to form an array of magnetic blocks.
- the second magnetic block group 22 which can be arranged in a variety of ways, and this embodiment does not limit this.
- the impeller assembly 30 includes a plurality of blades 33 arranged on the impeller body along the circumferential direction, and there is a first flow channel 105 between every two adjacent blades 33.
- One end of each of the blades 33 close to the liquid inlet 101 is provided with a hydrodynamic bearing surface 31, the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly 30, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is inclined inward toward the center of the impeller assembly 30.
- each of the hydrodynamic bearing surfaces 31 has a first side 311 and a second side 312 opposite, the first side 311 is adjacent to one of the first flow channels 105, and the first side The 311 and the second side 312 are respectively arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly 30.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is inclined downward from the second side 312 to the first side 311.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is disposed on one end surface of the blade 33, and the end surface is actually arranged in the direction of the liquid inlet 101.
- the downward slope from the second side 312 to the first side 311 means that the first The axial distance (ie Z direction) of the side 311 relative to the liquid inlet 101 is farther than the axial distance of the second side 312 relative to the liquid inlet 101.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 It is a downward slope from the second side 312 to the first side 311. The state in which the impeller assembly 30 is assembled into the housing assembly 10 will be described below.
- the end of the impeller assembly 30 having a hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is set in the direction of the upper housing 11, and the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is connected to the upper inner wall of the upper housing.
- a second flow passage 103 is formed between 110, as shown in Figs. 5 to 8.
- a blade 33 when the impeller assembly 30 rotates (refers to the negative direction of the Y direction), as shown in Fig. 7, less Part of the blood enters the second flow passage 103 between the impeller assembly 30 and the upper casing 11 (flows in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7), because the hydraulic bearing surface 31 starts from the second side 312 toward the first side
- the side 311 is inclined downward, and the second flow channel 103 is gradually narrowed.
- the impeller assembly 30 When blood flows through the second flow channel 103, pressure will be generated on both sides of the upper inner wall 110 of the upper shell and the hydraulic bearing surface 31, that is, the liquid
- the force bearing surface 31 generates a thrust in the direction away from the liquid inlet 101, the thrust is opposite to the axial force provided by the magnetic bearing, and the two are balanced to push the impeller assembly 30 to levitate in the housing assembly 10.
- the four blades 33 are evenly distributed around the axis of the impeller assembly 30, and each blade 33 is close to one end of the liquid inlet 101.
- a hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is provided. Therefore, when the pump is operating and the impeller assembly 30 rotates, the impeller assembly 30 can be suspended in the housing assembly 10 and the center column assembly 20 under the combined action of the magnetic bearing and the hydraulic bearing.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 further has a third side 313 and a fourth side 314 opposite to each other, and the third side 313 is connected to the first side 311 and The second side 312 is adjacent to each other, the fourth side 314 is adjacent to the first side 311 and the second side 312 respectively, and the third side 313 is opposite to the fourth side 314 is closer to the center of the impeller assembly 30; each of the blades 33 further includes a first rib 341 and a second rib 342 that are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the impeller assembly 30, the first rib 341 Adjacent to the third side 313, and the second protruding edge 342 is adjacent to the fourth side 314; preferably, the first protruding rib 341 and the second protruding rib 342 are respectively from the first side
- the side 311 extends in the circumferential direction of the impeller assembly 30 toward the second side 312.
- the inclination of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 toward the center of the impeller assembly 30 means that the axial (ie, Z-direction) distance of the third side 313 relative to the liquid inlet 101 is greater than that of the fourth side 314 relative to the liquid inlet. The axial distance of the port 101 is farther. Since the third side 313 is close to the center of the impeller assembly 30 relative to the fourth side 314, the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is inclined inward toward the center of the impeller assembly 30. From the perspective of the liquid inlet 101, the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is inclined inwardly toward the center of the impeller assembly 30. The bearing surface 31 is a downward slope from the fourth side 314 to the third side 313.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 the beneficial effects of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 tilting inward toward the center of the impeller assembly 30 are described.
- the force it receives includes the centrifugal force F centr caused by the high-speed rotation of the impeller assembly 30, and the downward pressure of the blood 41 F Hydro , its own gravity G blood, and the supporting force of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 on the blood 41 (not shown in the figure), decomposing the above-mentioned forces separately, and the component force F1 (F1) perpendicular to the hydraulic bearing surface 31 can be obtained.
- Hydro1 +G blood1 +F centr1 ) the component force F1 and the supporting force of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 on the blood 41 are balanced with each other.
- the influence of centrifugal force F centr is minimized at this time, and there is basically no blood leaking from the third side 313 and the fourth side 314. Therefore.
- the inclination of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 can greatly reduce blood leakage from the third side 313 and the fourth side 314.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is a plane, that is, the entire hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is inclined from the fourth side 314 to the third side 313, and from the second side 312 to the first side 311 Plane, preferably, the inclination angle of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 toward the center of the impeller assembly 30 is not more than 4°.
- the inclination angle here refers to the included angle between the hydraulic bearing surface 31 and the upper inner wall 110 of the upper housing. The inventor found that when the inclination angle of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is not greater than 4°, the influence caused by the centrifugal force F centr can be better offset.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is arranged obliquely in both the X direction and the Y direction, and the second flow channel 103 forms a gradually converging three-dimensional space.
- the blade 33 faces the end surface of the liquid inlet 101, and is adjacent to the second side 312 of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 along the Y direction is further provided with a gear base 35.
- the gear base 35 extends along the The circumferential direction of the impeller assembly 30 has opposite fifth and sixth sides (not shown), the fifth side is adjacent to the second side 312 of the hydrodynamic bearing surface, and the gear base 35 Lean down from the fifth side to the sixth side.
- the gear platform 35 is a downward slope from the fifth side to the sixth side, and the downward slope gradually moves away from the fifth side to the sixth side in the Y direction.
- a third flow channel (not shown) is formed between the lower slope surface and the upper inner wall 110 of the upper casing.
- the blood flows out of the second flow channel 103 and then enters the third flow channel.
- the third flow channel gradually The expansion reduces the pressure of the blood, and then the blood flows into another first flow channel 105.
- the setting of the tooth base 35 can further reduce the damage to the blood by high pressure.
- an end of the first rib 341 close to the first side 311 includes a flaring section 341 a.
- the flaring section 341a can expand the entrance of the second flow channel 103, which can make more blood enter the hydraulic bearing, effectively compensate for the blood lost by side leakage, increase the blood volume in the hydraulic bearing, and improve the performance of the hydraulic bearing. Carrying capacity.
- the inwardly inclined hydraulic bearing surface 31 enables the impeller assembly 30 to effectively reduce the side leakage of blood at the hydraulic bearing during high-speed operation, improve the bearing capacity of the hydraulic bearing, reduce blood damage, and protect the patient's life safety.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is flat, it is easy to manufacture and has low processing cost.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a blade provided in the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a force analysis diagram of blood in a fluid bearing provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic liquid suspension blood pump of the second embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same parts will not be described, and only the different points will be described below.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is a curved surface recessed downward (that is, away from the liquid inlet 101), wherein the hydraulic The section of the bearing surface 31 along the axial direction of the impeller assembly 30 is a curve, and the radius of curvature ⁇ of the curve is greater than 48.5 mm, and the ratio of the radius of curvature ⁇ to the outer diameter d of the impeller assembly 30 is ⁇ /d> 1.35, this configuration can better offset the influence of centrifugal force F centr , as follows:
- centrifugal force formula: F mr ⁇ 2
- the centrifugal force depends on the distance r between the blood 41 and the axis of the impeller assembly 30 and the angular velocity ⁇ .
- the centrifugal force F centr is higher.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is a curved surface, the greater the r, the greater the tangent slope of the hydrodynamic bearing surface.
- the centrifugal force F centr such a configuration, can reduce the amount of blood leakage in the hydraulic bearing.
- the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is a parabolic cylinder surface.
- the curve obtained by the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 being intercepted by the XOZ plane is a parabola, and the parabola extends in the Y direction, that is, a parabolic cylinder is formed.
- the shape of the parabolic cylinder is more in line with the relative relationship between the centrifugal force and the inclination offset component, which can further reduce the amount of blood leakage in the hydraulic bearing.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a blade provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an included angle of a hydrodynamic bearing surface provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the magnetic liquid suspension blood pump of the third embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same parts will not be described, and only the different points will be described below.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is a twisted surface, and the inclination angle of the first side 311 in the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is greater than The inclination angle of the second side 312, and the rate of change k from the inclination angle of the first side 311 to the inclination angle of the second side 312 with the length of the central axis of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 satisfies :0 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.32°/mm.
- the inclination angle here refers to the included angle ⁇ between the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 and the X axis in the XOZ plane.
- the central axis of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 is along the axis of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31.
- the impeller assembly 30 is assembled at the midpoint of the cross section on the XOZ plane, and its two ends are the midpoint of the first side 311 and the midpoint of the second side 312. It is understandable that the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31
- the middle axis is a three-dimensional curve. For ease of description, taking the midpoint of the first side 311 as the starting point and the midpoint of the second side 312 as the end point, the midpoint of the cross-section of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31 on any XOZ plane is along the line of the hydrodynamic bearing surface 31.
- the distance between the central axis and the starting point is l and the inclination angle is ⁇ .
- the rate of change k ⁇ /l, when k satisfies: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ At 0.32°/mm, the influence of centrifugal force F centr can be better offset.
- the hydrodynamic bearing The surface 31 is a twisted surface, and the inclination angle of the first side 311 is greater than the inclination angle of the second side 312, which can reduce the flow resistance of blood flowing out of the second flow channel 103.
- the fourth side 314 of the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is flush with the end surface of the blade 33 to further reduce the flow resistance of blood flowing out of the second flow channel 103, thereby reducing blood and the blade 33. The collision, thereby reducing the damage to the blood.
- the first side 311 and the second side 312 are both straight lines.
- the blood has a small flow resistance and can flow through the second flow channel 103 smoothly.
- the hydraulic bearing surface 31 is along the Y direction (from the first side 311 to the second side 312), and the included angle ⁇ between the hydraulic bearing surface 31 and the X axis on the XOZ plane gradually decreases. Until the angle ⁇ at the second side 312 is zero, the second side 312 is flush with the X-axis direction, that is, flush with the end surface of the blade 33.
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- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
一种叶轮组件(30)及悬浮式血泵,叶轮组件(30)包括叶轮主体、多个叶片(33)和多个第一流道(105),每个叶片(33)包括一个液力轴承面(31),液力轴承面(31)沿叶轮主体的周向设置于叶片(33)的端面,且液力轴承面(31)朝向叶轮主体的中心内倾,以使得叶轮组件(30)在转动时,通过内倾的液力轴承面(31)抵消部分的离心力,从而可降低血液由于叶轮组件(30)高速旋转时由离心力而产生的泄漏问题,减少对血液造成的破坏,提高悬浮式血泵的承载能力,提升血泵***的安全性,保障患者的生命安全。
Description
本发明涉及手术器械领域,特别涉及一种叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵。
人工辅助心脏泵经过几十年的发展,从第一代气动式搏动泵,到第二代机械轴承式叶轮泵,现在已经发展到第三代悬浮式血泵。
第三代悬浮式血泵,如磁液混合悬浮的旋转式泵,其中泵内的叶轮在液力轴承和磁轴承的共同作用下悬浮地旋转,从而叶轮仅与泵内的血液体积接触,即可实现血液从泵进口运动到泵出口。由于整个叶轮与泵体无机械接触,相比第二代机械轴承式叶轮泵,能减少对血液细胞的破坏,减少溶血及血栓出现。
现有技术公开了一种磁液混合悬浮的旋转式泵,该旋转式泵每个叶轮主体上表面设有限定轴向液力轴承的斜面(二维平面),每个斜面沿顺时针方向从相对较低的流体压力入口区向上盘旋到相对较高的流体压力出口区;斜面相对于水平面的倾斜角度小于1度;当叶轮旋转时,流过斜面的血液被压缩,使得随着施加到邻近的上泵壳内表面上的力增大,因而轴向向下净压力被施加到每个凸起的叶轮主体的上突出面上,在现有的技术方案中,轴向向下净压力是由流过斜面的血液被压缩而产生的,实际工作中,叶轮是高速旋转部件,会产生巨大的离心力,虽然该技术方案中叶轮的两侧设置侧板,用以限制血液的泄漏,不过由于侧板的高度有限而效果甚微,导致其流经斜面的血液也受离心力的影响会快速向叶轮外径运动,最终大部分血液快速泄漏出斜面外而导致仅有剩余较少的血液承受较大的向下压力,会对血液造成不可逆的破坏,严重时会发生溶血和血栓问题,危及患者的生命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵,以解决现有的悬浮式血泵中,血液容易泄漏出液力轴承面外的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种叶轮组件,其包括:
叶轮主体、多个叶片和多个第一流道,所有的所述叶片沿周向设置于所述叶轮主体上,相邻的两个所述叶片之间形成一个所述第一流道;
每个所述叶片包括一个液力轴承面,所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,且所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮组件的中心内倾。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,每个所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的周向具有相对的第一侧边与第二侧边,所述第一侧边与一个所述第一流道邻接,所述液力轴承面自所述第二侧边起向所述第一侧边下倾。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述液力轴承面为平面,所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮组件之中心的内倾角度不大于4°。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述液力轴承面为向下凹陷的曲面,其中所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件之轴向的截面为曲线,且所述曲线的曲率半径大于48.5mm,所述曲率半径与所述叶轮组件之外径的比值大于1.35。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述液力轴承面为抛物柱面。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述液力轴承面为扭曲面,所述第一侧边的内倾角度大于所述第二侧边的内倾角度,且所述第一侧边的内倾角度至所述第二侧边的内倾角度随所述液力轴承面之中轴线长的变化率k满足:0≤k<0.32°/mm。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,每个所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的径向还具有相对的第三侧边与第四侧边,所述第三侧边分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边邻接,所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边邻接,且所述第三侧边相对所述第四侧边更靠近所述叶轮组件的中心;每个所述叶片还包括沿所述叶轮组件之径向相对设置的第一凸棱和第二凸棱,所述第一凸棱与所述第三侧边邻接,所述第二凸棱与所述第四侧边邻接。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述第一凸棱靠近所述第一侧边的一端包括一扩口段。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,每个所述叶片还包括一个齿台,所述齿 台沿所述叶轮组件的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,同一个所述叶片的所述齿台与所述液力轴承面的第二侧边邻接。
可选的,在所述的叶轮组件中,所述齿台沿所述叶轮组件的周向具有相对的第五侧边和第六侧边,所述第五侧边与同一个所述叶片的所述液力轴承面的第二侧边邻接,所述齿台自所述第五侧边起向所述第六侧边下倾。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种悬浮式血泵,其包括壳体组件和中心柱组件,所述壳体组件具有第一内腔以及与所述第一内腔连通的进液口与出液口,所述中心柱组件沿轴向固定设置于所述第一内腔的中心,其特征在于,还包括根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述叶轮组件,所述叶轮组件围绕所述中心柱组件可转动地设置于所述第一内腔,所述叶轮组件被配置为在液体由所述进液口流向所述出液口的作用下相对于所述中心柱组件以及所述壳体组件保持悬浮。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述进液口沿所述壳体组件的轴向开设,所述出液口沿所述壳体组件的径向开设,所述悬浮式血泵还包括设置于所述叶轮组件之内周的第一磁块组以及设置于所述中心柱组件之外周的第二磁块组;所述第一磁块组与所述第二磁块组被配置为相互形成斥力;所述叶轮组件的液力轴承面朝向所述进液口方向设置;
所述壳体组件与所述液力轴承面所围成空间构成液力轴承,所述液力轴承被配置为当所述叶轮组件转动时,在液体的作用下产生推动所述叶轮组件远离所述进液口方向的力,并与所述斥力共同作用,以使所述叶轮组件相对于所述中心柱组件与所述壳体组件保持悬浮。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述叶轮组件的转动轴线与所述中心柱组件的轴线同轴。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述悬浮式血泵还包括与所述进液口连通的进液管,所述中心柱组件、所述第一内腔和所述进液管三者共轴线。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述壳体组件包括上壳体和下壳体,所述上壳体和所述下壳体可拆卸连接,所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间形成所述第一内腔。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述中心柱组件包括固定于所述下壳体上的中心柱本体以及固定于所述中心柱本体上的引导头。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述中心柱本体呈圆柱形;所述引导头为一尖端,具有弧形表面。
可选的,在所述悬浮式血泵中,所述引导头从所述第一内腔局部伸入所述进液管。
综上所述,本发明提供的叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵中,叶轮组件包括叶轮主体、多个叶片和多个第一流道,每个叶片包括一个液力轴承面,所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮主体的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,且所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮主体的中心内倾,以使得叶轮组件在转动时,通过内倾的液力轴承面抵消部分的离心力,从而可降低血液由于叶轮高速旋转时由离心力而产生的泄漏问题,减少对血液造成的破坏,提高悬浮式血泵的承载能力,提升血泵***的安全性,保障患者的生命安全。
本领域的普通技术人员将会理解,提供的附图用于更好地理解本发明,而不对本发明的范围构成任何限定。其中:
图1是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的立体图;
图2是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的径向剖面图;
图3是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的横向剖面图;
图4是本发明实施例一提供的叶轮组件的立体图;
图5是本发明实施例一提供的齿台的立体图;
图6是本发明实施例一提供的齿台的俯视图;
图7是本发明实施例一提供的液力轴承的流道示意图;
图8是本发明实施例一提供的液力轴承中血液的受力分析图;
图9是本发明实施例二提供的齿台的立体图;
图10是本发明实施例二提供的液力轴承中血液的受力分析图;
图11是本发明实施例三提供的齿台的立体图;
图12是本发明实施例三提供的液力轴承面的夹角示意图。
附图中:
10-壳体组件;11-上壳体;110-上壳体上内壁;12-下壳体;120-下壳体下内壁;13-进液管;14-出液管;100-第一内腔;101-进液口;102-出液口;103-第二流道;105-第一流道;
20-中心柱组件;22-第二磁块组;23-中心柱本体;24-引导头;
30-叶轮组件;31-液力轴承面;311-第一侧边;312-第二侧边;313-第三侧边;314-第四侧边;32-第一磁块组;33-叶片;341-第一凸棱;342-第二凸棱;341a-扩口段;35-齿台;41-血液。
为使本发明的目的、优点和特征更加清楚,以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。需说明的是,附图均采用非常简化的形式且未按比例绘制,仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。此外,附图所展示的结构往往是实际结构的一部分。特别的,各附图需要展示的侧重点不同,有时会采用不同的比例。
如在本说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象,除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本说明书和所附权利要求中所使用的,术语“或”通常是以包括“和/或”的含义而进行使用的,除非内容另外明确指出外。
本发明的核心思想在于提供一种叶轮组件及悬浮式血泵,以解决现有的悬浮式血泵中,血液容易泄漏出液力轴承面外的问题,其中,叶轮组件包括叶轮主体、多个叶片和多个第一流道;所有的所述叶片沿周向设置于所述叶轮主体上,相邻的两个所述叶片之间形成一个所述第一流道;每个所述叶片包括一个液力轴承面,所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮主体的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,且所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮主体的中心内倾。如此配置,叶轮组件在转动时,通过内倾的液力轴承面抵消部分的离心力,从而可降低血液由于叶轮高速旋转时由离心力而产生的泄漏问题,减少对血液造成的破坏, 提高悬浮式血泵的承载能力,提升血泵***的安全性,保障患者的生命安全。
以下参考附图进行描述。
【实施例一】
请参考图1至图8,其中,图1是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的立体图,图2是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的径向剖面图,图3是本发明实施例一提供的悬浮式血泵的横向剖面图,图4是本发明实施例一提供的叶轮组件的立体图,图5是本发明实施例一提供的齿台的立体图,图6是本发明实施例一提供的齿台的俯视图,图7是本发明实施例一提供的液力轴承的流道示意图,图8是本发明实施例一提供的液力轴承中血液的受力分析图。
如图1至图3所示,本发明实施例一提供一种悬浮式血泵,其包括:壳体组件10、叶轮组件30以及中心柱组件20;所述壳体组件10具有第一内腔100,所述壳体组件10开设有进液口101和出液口102;所述进液口101及所述出液口102均与所述第一内腔100连通;所述中心柱组件20沿轴向固定设置于所述第一内腔100的中心,所述叶轮组件30围绕所述中心柱组件20可转动地设置于所述第一内腔100;所述叶轮组件30被配置为在液体由所述进液口101流向所述出液口102的作用下相对于所述中心柱组件20以及所述壳体组件10保持悬浮。
在一个示范性的实施例中,所述悬浮式血泵为一磁液悬浮式血泵,所述进液口101沿所述壳体组件10的轴向开设,所述出液口102沿所述壳体组件10的径向开设。所述叶轮组件30具有设置于所述叶轮组件30之内周的第一磁块组32;所述中心柱组件20具有设置于所述中心柱组件20之外周的第二磁块组22;所述第一磁块组22与所述第二磁块组32被配置为相互形成斥力;所述叶轮组件30的液力轴承面31朝向所述进液口101方向设置;所述壳体组件10与所述液力轴承面31所围成空间构成液力轴承,所述液力轴承被配置为当所述叶轮组件30转动时,在液体的作用下产生推动所述叶轮组件30远离所述进液口101方向的力,并与所述斥力共同作用,以使所述叶轮组件30相对于所述中心柱组件20与所述壳体组件10保持悬浮。
可选的,壳体组件10包括上壳体11以及下壳体12,上壳体11及下壳体12为可拆卸连接,如可由螺钉固定连接。上壳体11及下壳体12之间形成第一内腔100,第一内腔100大致为扁球形(即在球形的同一直径的两端进行一定的按压后得到的形状)。在上壳体11外部沿第一内腔100的轴线设置有一进液管13,进液管13的一端与第一内腔100连通,另一端即为进液口101,血液由该进液口101流入。所述中心柱组件20沿轴向固定设置于所述第一内腔100的中心,优选中心柱组件20固定设置于下壳体12的内部,且中心柱组件20、第一内腔100及进液管13三者共轴线,叶轮组件30的转动轴线与中心柱组件20的轴线亦同轴,所述叶轮组件30围绕所述中心柱组件20可转动地设置。可选的,上壳体上内壁110与下壳体下内壁120相对且平行,叶轮组件30在轴向上的长度略小于上壳体上内壁110与下壳体下内壁120之间的距离(即叶轮组件30在轴向上的长度略小于第一内腔100的轴向内尺寸),以使叶轮组件30在运转时能悬浮于壳体组件10而不与壳体组件10产生机械摩擦。在壳体组件10的内部,沿径向开设有一出液口102,用以供血液流出。出液口102的外部设置有出液管14,以便于引导血液的流向及连接其它管路。在一个示例中,中心柱组件20包括圆柱形的中心柱本体23以及引导头24。中心柱本体23远离进液口101的一端固定于下壳体12(如可为卡扣连接等),另一端与引导头24固定连接(如可为一体成型等),引导头24如可为一尖端,其具有平滑的弧形表面,用以引导和分流血液。引导头24的尖端可由第一内腔100局部伸入进液管13,以更好地引导血液的流向。当血液由进液口101流入进液管13后(图2中实线箭头所示方向),在引导头24的分流引导下,血液会改变流向,沿引导头24的四周流动,进而血液大部分通过叶轮组件30之第一流道105流出,被壳体组件10限位而被引导至出液口102,再而经由出液管14流出。叶轮组件30内还设有驱动磁块,壳体组件10外部的电机组件能够经由所述驱动磁块驱动叶轮组件30转动。其具体的构造可参考现有技术,在此不再赘述。所述第一磁块组32与所述第二磁块组22被配置为相互形成斥力,以限定所述叶轮组件30相对于所述中心柱组件20的径向位移,同时中心柱组件20通过第一磁块组32与第二磁块组22对叶轮组件30施加 朝向进液口101方向的斥力。第一磁块组32和第二磁块组22如可为磁环,叶轮组件30上的第一磁块组32为动磁环,中心柱组件1上的第二磁块组22为静磁环,动磁环和静磁环组成斥力型磁轴承,能够为叶轮组件30提供径向支撑刚度以及一定的轴向支撑刚度。
具体的,如图2所示,在径向上,磁轴承之间提供径向斥力,使叶轮组件30在径向上悬浮;在轴向上,磁轴承提供的轴向力是朝向进液口101方向的(即图2中向上,如虚线箭头所示)。如此配置,当泵处于停止状态,叶轮组件30不转动时,在第一磁块组32和第二磁块组22的作用下,叶轮组件30与中心柱组件20相间隔并贴靠于上壳体11。而在叶轮组件30转动时,在液力轴承的作用下,叶轮组件30会离开上壳体11而与上壳体11之间形成一间隙。优选的,所述第一磁块组32与所述第二磁块组22的磁极布置方式相同。例如,第一磁块组32为沿叶轮组件30轴向充磁的磁环,靠近进液口101的一端为N极,远离进液口101的一端为S极;第二磁块组22为沿中心柱组件20轴向充磁的磁环,靠近进液口101的一端为N极,远离进液口101的一端为S极,当然本领域技术人员可根据需要将N极与S极互换,其效果相同。需要说明的是,第一磁块组32不限于为一整块磁环,其也可以是若干磁环沿叶轮组件30之轴向排布,还可以是若干磁块围绕叶轮组件30之轴线周向排布,又或是若干磁块围绕叶轮组件30之轴线周向排布且沿叶轮组件30之轴向排布,形成磁块阵列等。第二磁块组22亦是同理,可有多种布置方式,本实施例对此均不作限制。
较佳的,请参考图4,并结合图2,叶轮组件30包括多个沿周向设置于叶轮主体上的叶片33,每两个相邻的叶片33之间具有一个第一流道105,每个所述叶片33靠近所述进液口101的一端设置有一个所述液力轴承面31,所述液力轴承面31沿所述叶轮组件30的周向设置,且所述液力轴承面31朝向所述叶轮组件30的中心内倾。
请参考图4至图8,其中,X方向为叶轮组件30的直径方向,Y方向为围绕叶轮组件30的周向方向(Y向亦为血液的流向),Z方向为叶轮组件30的轴向方向,优选的,每个所述液力轴承面31具有相对的第一侧边311与第 二侧边312,所述第一侧边311与一个所述第一流道105邻接,第一侧边311与第二侧边312分别沿着叶轮组件30的周向间隔布置。其中,所述液力轴承面31自所述第二侧边312起向所述第一侧边311下倾。具体的,液力轴承面31设置于叶片33的一端面上,该端面实际中朝向进液口101方向布置,这里自第二侧边312起向第一侧边311下倾是指,第一侧边311相对进液口101的轴向(即Z向)距离,比第二侧边312相对进液口101的轴向距离更远,以进液口101方向来看,液力轴承面31是自第二侧边312起向第一侧边311的下坡面。以下将叶轮组件30装配入壳体组件10后的状态进行说明,其中,叶轮组件30具有液力轴承面31的一端朝向上壳体11的方向设置,液力轴承面31与上壳体上内壁110之间形成第二流道103,如图5至图8所示,以一个叶片33为例,当叶轮组件30转动(指沿Y向的负方向转动)时,如图7所示,少部分血液进入叶轮组件30与上壳体11之间的第二流道103(沿图7中箭头方向流动),由于液力轴承面31自所述第二侧边312起向所述第一侧边311下倾,第二流道103是逐渐收窄的,血液在流经第二流道103时,会对上壳体上内壁110与液力轴承面31两侧边产生压力,即对液力轴承面31产生远离进液口101方向的推力,该推力与磁轴承提供的轴向力方向相反,两者平衡,即可推动叶轮组件30悬浮于壳体组件10中。在一个优选实施例中,叶片33为四个,第一流道105亦为四个,四个叶片33围绕叶轮组件30的轴线周向均匀分布,每个叶片33靠近所述进液口101的一端设置一个液力轴承面31。由此,当泵处于运作状态,叶轮组件30转动时,在磁轴承与液力轴承的共同作用下,叶轮组件30即可实现悬浮于壳体组件10及中心柱组件20。
继续参考图5和图6,进一步,所述液力轴承面31还具有相对的第三侧边313与第四侧边314,所述第三侧边313分别与所述第一侧边311和所述第二侧边312邻接,所述第四侧边314分别与所述第一侧边311和所述第二侧边312邻接,且所述第三侧边313相对所述第四侧边314更靠近所述叶轮组件30的中心;每个所述叶片33还包括沿所述叶轮组件30之径向相对设置的第一凸棱341和第二凸棱342,所述第一凸棱341与所述第三侧边313邻接, 所述第二凸棱342与所述第四侧边314邻接;较佳的,第一凸棱341和第二凸棱342分别自所所述第一侧边311朝向所述第二侧边312方向沿所述叶轮组件30的周向延伸。第一凸棱341和第二凸棱342用于阻止血液在进入第二流道103后,从液力轴承面的第三侧边313与第四侧边314方向泄漏。
在本实施例中,液力轴承面31朝向叶轮组件30中心方向内倾是指,第三侧边313相对进液口101的轴向(即Z向)距离,比第四侧边314相对进液口101的轴向距离更远。由于第三侧边313相对于第四侧边314靠近叶轮组件30的中心,故而液力轴承面31即呈现出朝向叶轮组件30中心方向内倾的态势,以进液口101方向来看,液力轴承面31是自第四侧边314起向第三侧边313的下坡面。以下结合图5至图8,说明液力轴承面31朝向叶轮组件30中心方向内倾的有益效果。
请参考图8,假设有一滴血液41在液力轴承面31上沿Y方向运动,它所受的力包括:叶轮组件30高速旋转带来的离心力F
centr,血液41所受到的向下液压力F
Hydro以及自身的重力G
blood以及液力轴承面31对血液41的支撑力(图中未示出),将上述各个力分别分解,可以得到垂直于液力轴承面31的分力F1(F
Hydro1+G
blood1+F
centr1),该分力F1与液力轴承面31对血液41的支撑力相互平衡。同时可以得到平行于液力轴承面31的分力F2(F
centr2-(F
Hydro2+G
blood2),可以看出,由于液力轴承面31朝向叶轮组件30中心方向内倾,F
Hydro2+G
blood2的存在能够削弱离心力F
centr的影响,可以降低液力轴承中的血液泄漏量。具体的,影响的大小取决于液压力F
Hydro与离心力F
centr的相对大小和液力轴承面31的内倾斜度。较佳的,当F2=0时,即F
centr2=F
Hydro2+G
blood2,此时离心力F
centr的影响降至最低,基本可无血液自第三侧边313与第四侧边314泄漏。因此相比现有技术,通过液力轴承面31的内倾,可大大减少血液自第三侧边313与第四侧边314的泄漏。
可选的,所述液力轴承面31为平面,即整个液力轴承面31为自第四侧边314向第三侧边313倾斜,自第二侧边312向第一侧边311倾斜的平面,较佳的,所述液力轴承面31朝向所述叶轮组件30之中心的内倾角度不大于4°。需理解,这里的内倾角度是指液力轴承面31与上壳体上内壁110之间的 夹角。发明人发现,当液力轴承面31的内倾角度不大于4°时,能较好地抵消离心力F
centr带来的影响。相对于上壳体上内壁110,液力轴承面31在X方向与Y方向上均倾斜布置,第二流道103形成逐渐收敛的三维空间。较佳的,叶片33朝向进液口101的端面上,沿Y方向邻接于液力轴承面31的第二侧边312还设有齿台35,可选的,所述齿台35沿所述叶轮组件30的周向具有相对的第五侧边和第六侧边(未图示),所述第五侧边与所述液力轴承面的第二侧边312邻接,所述齿台35自所述第五侧边起向所述第六侧边下倾。可以理解的,以进液口101方向来看,该齿台35自第五侧边向第六侧边为一下坡面,该下坡面自第五侧边向第六侧边沿Y方向逐渐远离进液口101的方向,下坡面与上壳体上内壁110之间形成第三流道(未图示),血液自第二流道103流出后进入第三流道,第三流道逐渐扩张,使血液减压,而后血液汇入另一个第一流道105,齿台35的设置能进一步减少高压对血液的破坏。
优选的,如图5和图6所示,所述第一凸棱341靠近所述第一侧边311的一端包括一扩口段341a。该扩口段341a可使第二流道103的入口扩大,可以使得更多的血液进入液力轴承,有效补偿侧漏所流失的血液,提升液力轴承中的血液量,提高液力轴承的承载能力。
综上,内倾的液力轴承面31使得叶轮组件30在高速运行过程中能有效减小液力轴承处血液的侧漏,提高液力轴承的承载能力,降低对血液的破坏,保障了患者的生命安全。此外,由于液力轴承面31为平面,便于制造,加工成本低。
【实施例二】
请参考图9和图10,其中,图9是本发明实施例二提供的叶片的立体图,图10是本发明实施例二提供的液力轴承中血液的受力分析图。
本发明实施例二的磁液悬浮式血泵与实施例一基本相同,对于相同部分不再叙述,以下仅针对不同点进行描述。
如图9和图10所示,实施例二提供的磁液悬浮式血泵中,所述液力轴承面31为向下(即远离进液口101方向)凹陷的曲面,其中所述液力轴承面31 沿所述叶轮组件30之轴向的截面为曲线,且所述曲线的曲率半径ρ大于48.5mm,所述曲率半径ρ与所述叶轮组件30之外径d的比值ρ/d>1.35,如此配置,能更好地抵消离心力F
centr的影响,具体如下:
根据离心力公式:F=mrω
2,当一滴血液41的质量m一定时,离心力的大小取决于血液41距离叶轮组件30之轴线的距离r和角速度ω。随着血液41离叶轮组件30轴线越远,r越大,因此离心力F
centr越高。具体的,以如图10所示的XOZ面的截面为例说明,当液力轴承面31为曲面时,液力轴承面31随着r越大,其切线斜率就越大,液力轴承面31的斜度就越高,血液41在平行于液力轴承面31的分力F2中,与离心力分力F
centr2相抵消的分力F
Hydro2+G
blood2就越大,可以抵消逐渐增大的离心力F
centr,如此配置,能降低液力轴承中的血液泄漏量。
较佳的,所述液力轴承面31为抛物柱面。以如图10所示的XOZ面的截面为例,液力轴承面31被XOZ平面所截得到的曲线为抛物线,而该抛物线沿Y方向延伸,即形成抛物柱面。抛物柱面的形态更符合离心力与内倾抵消分力之间的相对关系,能进一步降低液力轴承中的血液泄漏量。
【实施例三】
请参考图11和图12,其中,图11是本发明实施例三提供的叶片的立体图,图12是本发明实施例三提供的液力轴承面的夹角示意图。
本发明实施例三的磁液悬浮式血泵与实施例一基本相同,对于相同部分不再叙述,以下仅针对不同点进行描述。
如图11所示,实施例三提供的磁液悬浮式血泵中,所述液力轴承面31为扭曲面,所述液力轴承面31中的所述第一侧边311的内倾角度大于所述第二侧边312的内倾角度,且所述第一侧边311的内倾角度至所述第二侧边312的内倾角度随所述液力轴承面31之中轴线长的变化率k满足:0≤k<0.32°/mm。具体的,这里的内倾角度指在XOZ平面中,液力轴承面31与X轴之间的夹角α,如图12所示,液力轴承面31之中轴线为液力轴承面31沿所述叶轮组件30在XOZ平面上截面的中点所集合而成,其两端即为第一侧边311 的中点与第二侧边312的中点,可以理解的,该液力轴承面31之中轴线为三维曲线。为便于叙述,以第一侧边311的中点为起点,第二侧边312的中点为终点,以任一XOZ平面上液力轴承面31的截面的中点沿液力轴承面31之中轴线离起点的距离为l,内倾角度为α,则随着液力轴承面31在XOZ平面上的截面从起点向终点推进,变化率k=α/l,当k满足:0≤k<0.32°/mm时,能较好地抵消离心力F
centr带来的影响。如前所述,血液在第二流道103中流动并对液力轴承面31产生推力后,需从叶片33的齿台35与上壳体上内壁110之间流出,因此,若液力轴承面31为扭曲面,第一侧边311的内倾角度大于第二侧边312的内倾角度,可降低血液流出第二流道103的流阻。较佳的,所述液力轴承面31的所述第四侧边314与所述叶片33的端面平齐,以进一步减小血液流出第二流道103的流阻,进而减少血液与叶片33的碰撞,从而减少对血液的破坏。
优选的,第一侧边311与第二侧边312均为直线。血液的流阻小,能顺畅地流过第二流道103。具体的,液力轴承面31沿着Y方向(从第一侧边311到第二侧边312方向),XOZ平面上的液力轴承面31与X轴的夹角α是逐渐减小的,直至在第二侧边312处夹角α为零,第二侧边312与X轴方向平齐,亦即与叶片33的端面平齐。
需要说明的是,本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可,此外,各个实施例之间不同的部分也可互相组合使用,本发明对此不作限定。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述,并非对本发明范围的任何限定,本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰,均属于权利要求书的保护范围。
Claims (18)
- 一种叶轮组件,其特征在于,包括:叶轮主体、多个叶片和多个第一流道,所有的所述叶片沿周向设置于所述叶轮主体上,相邻的两个所述叶片之间形成一个所述第一流道;每个所述叶片包括一个液力轴承面,所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,且所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮组件的中心内倾。
- 根据权利要求1所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,每个所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的周向具有相对的第一侧边与第二侧边,所述第一侧边与一个所述第一流道邻接,所述液力轴承面自所述第二侧边起向所述第一侧边下倾。
- 根据权利要求2所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述液力轴承面为平面,所述液力轴承面朝向所述叶轮组件之中心的内倾角度不大于4°。
- 根据权利要求2所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述液力轴承面为向下凹陷的曲面,其中所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件之轴向的截面为曲线,且所述曲线的曲率半径大于48.5mm,所述曲率半径与所述叶轮组件之外径的比值大于1.35。
- 根据权利要求4述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述液力轴承面为抛物柱面。
- 根据权利要求2所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述液力轴承面为扭曲面,所述第一侧边的内倾角度大于所述第二侧边的内倾角度,且所述第一侧边的内倾角度至所述第二侧边的内倾角度随所述液力轴承面之中轴线长的变化率k满足:0≤k<0.32°/mm。
- 根据权利要求2所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,每个所述液力轴承面沿所述叶轮组件的径向还具有相对的第三侧边与第四侧边,所述第三侧边分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边邻接,所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边邻接,且所述第三侧边相对所述第四侧边更靠近所述叶轮组 件的中心;每个所述叶片还包括沿所述叶轮组件之径向相对设置的第一凸棱和第二凸棱,所述第一凸棱与所述第三侧边邻接,所述第二凸棱与所述第四侧边邻接。
- 根据权利要求7所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述第一凸棱靠近所述第一侧边的一端包括一扩口段。
- 根据权利要求2所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,每个所述叶片还包括一个齿台,所述齿台沿所述叶轮组件的周向设置于所述叶片的端面,同一个所述叶片的所述齿台与所述液力轴承面的第二侧边邻接。
- 根据权利要求9所述的叶轮组件,其特征在于,所述齿台沿所述叶轮组件的周向具有相对的第五侧边和第六侧边,所述第五侧边与同一个所述叶片的所述液力轴承面的第二侧边邻接,所述齿台自所述第五侧边起向所述第六侧边下倾。
- 一种悬浮式血泵,包括壳体组件和中心柱组件,所述壳体组件具有第一内腔以及与所述第一内腔连通的进液口与出液口,所述中心柱组件沿轴向固定设置于所述第一内腔的中心,其特征在于,还包括根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述叶轮组件,所述叶轮组件围绕所述中心柱组件可转动地设置于所述第一内腔,所述叶轮组件被配置为在液体由所述进液口流向所述出液口的作用下相对于所述中心柱组件以及所述壳体组件保持悬浮。
- 根据权利要求11所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述进液口沿所述壳体组件的轴向开设,所述出液口沿所述壳体组件的径向开设,所述悬浮式血泵还包括设置于所述叶轮组件之内周的第一磁块组以及设置于所述中心柱组件之外周的第二磁块组;所述第一磁块组与所述第二磁块组被配置为相互形成斥力;所述叶轮组件的液力轴承面朝向所述进液口方向设置;所述壳体组件与所述液力轴承面所围成空间构成液力轴承,所述液力轴承被配置为当所述叶轮组件转动时,在液体的作用下产生推动所述叶轮组件远离所述进液口方向的力,并与所述斥力共同作用,以使所述叶轮组件相对于所述中心柱组件与所述壳体组件保持悬浮。
- 根据权利要求12所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述叶轮组件的 转动轴线与所述中心柱组件的轴线同轴。
- 根据权利要求12所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述悬浮式血泵还包括与所述进液口连通的进液管,所述中心柱组件、所述第一内腔和所述进液管三者共轴线。
- 根据权利要求14所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述壳体组件包括上壳体和下壳体,所述上壳体和所述下壳体可拆卸连接,所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间形成所述第一内腔。
- 根据权利要求15所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述中心柱组件包括固定于所述下壳体上的中心柱本体以及固定于所述中心柱本体上的引导头。
- 如权利要求16所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述中心柱本体呈圆柱形;所述引导头为一尖端,具有弧形表面。
- 如权利要求17所述的悬浮式血泵,其特征在于,所述引导头从所述第一内腔局部伸入所述进液管。
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