WO2021052981A1 - Blind-fitting fastener having chemical braking, and associated installation method - Google Patents

Blind-fitting fastener having chemical braking, and associated installation method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021052981A1
WO2021052981A1 PCT/EP2020/075805 EP2020075805W WO2021052981A1 WO 2021052981 A1 WO2021052981 A1 WO 2021052981A1 EP 2020075805 W EP2020075805 W EP 2020075805W WO 2021052981 A1 WO2021052981 A1 WO 2021052981A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
threaded portion
sleeve
adhesive coating
zone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/075805
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Florian STENGER
Nicolas VOLLEREAUX
Original Assignee
Lisi Aerospace
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lisi Aerospace filed Critical Lisi Aerospace
Publication of WO2021052981A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021052981A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
    • F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
    • F16B19/1072—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like comprising a thread and being rotated with respect to the rivet, thereby mechanically expanding and fastening the rivet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
    • F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
    • F16B19/1054—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like being frangible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/225—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of a settable material

Definitions

  • TITLE Blind fixing with chemical braking and associated installation process
  • the present invention relates to a fastener, of the type comprising: a screw comprising: a threaded portion, a shank and a head; and a sleeve comprising a substantially cylindrical body, said body comprising a clamping zone, able to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone and able to form an external bulb; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion adjacent to the deformation zone; the threaded portion of the screw comprising: a first part disposed inside the body of the socket; and a second part adjacent to the first part and assembled to the threaded portion of said socket; the fastener further comprising an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to blind fasteners, that is to say to fasteners installed through structures by only one side of said structures, commonly referred to as the "accessible" side.
  • These fasteners are used in particular in the assembly of aircraft structures.
  • Such a fastening and an associated installation method are described in particular in document EP3482088, in the name of the Applicant.
  • fasteners must guarantee high resistance to unintentional loosening associated with aircraft vibrations.
  • a threadlocker such as a sticky composition deposited on the screw, as described for example in document FR2904385.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the braking properties of existing devices, and to ensure effective braking over the entire clamping range of the binding.
  • the invention relates to a fastener of the aforementioned type, in which the adhesive coating comprises a first and a second zone adjacent to one another, said first and second zones being respectively arranged on the first and on the other. the second part of the threaded portion of the screw.
  • the binding comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or according to all the technically possible combinations: the adhesive coating comprises a polymerizable compound and a polymerization agent, at least part of said polymerizable compound and at least part of said polymerization agent being kept separate in said adhesive coating;
  • the polymerizable compound is chosen from a methacrylate, an epoxy and an epoxy-acrylate;
  • the polymerization agent is a peroxide or an amine
  • the first part of the threaded portion has one end, not covered by the adhesive coating and adjacent to the first zone of said adhesive coating;
  • the second part of the threaded portion has a free end, not covered by the adhesive coating and adjacent to the second zone of said adhesive coating;
  • the screw further comprises a gripping element, connected to the head by a rupture groove.
  • the invention further relates to a method for installing a structural assembly, said method comprising successively the following steps:
  • a fastener comprising: a screw, comprising a threaded portion, a shank and a head; a sleeve comprising: a body, said body comprising a clamping zone adapted to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion, adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end of the sleeve; and an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw; a first length of coating being in contact with the threaded portion of the socket;
  • the invention further relates to a structural assembly, comprising:
  • said fastener comprising: a screw, comprising a threaded portion, a shank and a head; a socket, comprising: a body, said body comprising a clamping zone receiving the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and receiving the head of the screw; and a threaded portion, adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end of the sleeve; and an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw; the deformation zone of the body of the socket being in an installed configuration, in the form of an external bulb in contact with the second surface of the structure; a length of adhesive coating being in contact with the threaded portion of the socket; said assembly resulting from an installation process as described above.
  • Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a binding according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of an assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention, formed from the binding of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 1 the figure is a partial sectional view of an assembly according to a second embodiment of the invention, formed from the binding of Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 shows a binding 10 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a first assembly 110 and a second assembly 210, each of said assemblies being obtained from the binding 10 of Figure 1 as will be described below.
  • Each of the assemblies 110, 210 comprises a structure 112, 212.
  • Said structure 112, 212 comprises a first face 14 and a second face 16, opposite.
  • the first 14 and second 16 faces are substantially plane and parallel to each other.
  • first face 14 of the structure 112, 212 is accessible to an operator, while the second face 16, or blind face, is not accessible.
  • the first 14 and second 16 faces of the structure 112, 212 belong to at least two distinct structural elements. Said structural elements are for example metallic or made of composite materials. For simplicity, only one structural element is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the structure 112 of the first assembly 110 and the structure 212 of the second assembly 210 respectively have a first 118 and a second 218 thicknesses between their first 14 and second 16 faces.
  • the second thickness 218 is greater than the first thickness 118.
  • the structure 112, 212 further comprises a bore 20 opening onto each of the first 14 and second 16 faces.
  • the bore 20 is arranged along a first axis 22 substantially perpendicular to the first 14 and second 16 faces.
  • the bore 20 has a milled surface 24, adjacent to the first face 14, and a cylindrical surface 26, adjacent to the milled surface and extending to the second face 16.
  • the milled surface 24 has a substantially frustoconical shape.
  • the fixing 10 is capable of securing the structural elements forming the structure 112, 212.
  • said fixing comprises a screw 30 and a sleeve 32, intended to be inserted into the bore 20.
  • the screw 30 and the sleeve 32 are metallic, for example of stainless steel of the A286 type, or of a titanium alloy.
  • the binding 10 further comprises a threadlocker in the form of an adhesive coating 33, represented by a thick line outline in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the screw 30 comprises a threaded portion 36, a shank 38 and a head 40, aligned along a second axis 34.
  • the screw 30 further comprises a gripping element 42, adjacent to the head 40 and forming one end of the screw 30 according to the second axis 34.
  • the threaded portion 36 of the screw includes a proximal portion 43 and a distal portion 44, axially adjacent to each other.
  • the proximal portion 43 comprises a proximal end 45 of the threaded portion 36, said proximal end being close to the shank 38.
  • the distal part 44 comprises a free end 46 of said threaded portion 36, or distal end, opposite to said shank.
  • the head 40 is a countersunk head, intended to be flush with the first face 14 of the structure 112, 212 in the assemblies 110 and 210.
  • the barrel 38 is a smooth barrel, that is to say without thread.
  • the barrel 38 comprises two cylindrical parts of different diameters, connected by a shoulder. A binding comprising such a barrel is in particular described in document EP3482088, in the name of the Applicant. In a variant not shown, the barrel 38 has only one cylindrical part.
  • the gripping element 42 of the screw 30 is able to cooperate with an installation tool for an automated installation of the binding 10.
  • the gripping element 42 comprises for example a first 47 and a second 48 gripping portions, connected by a locking portion 50.
  • the first 47 and second 48 gripping portions and the locking portion 50 are intended respectively to guide the introduction of the binding 10 into an installation tool, to transmit a torque and to limit a movement axial of the fastener in the setting tool.
  • a binding comprising such a gripping element, as well as its cooperation with a setting tool, are in particular described in document EP2894356, in the name of the Applicant.
  • the gripping element 42 is connected to the head 40 by a rupture groove 52.
  • Said groove is in particular configured so as to support a certain level of tensile stress along the second axis 34, and to yield beyond a a certain torsional stress threshold around said second axis.
  • the sleeve 32 has a tubular shape, arranged along a third axis 60 and open at a first 62 and at a second 64 ends.
  • the total length of the sleeve 32 is substantially equal to a sum of the lengths of the threaded portion 36, of the shank 38 and of the head 40 of the screw 30.
  • the sleeve 32 comprises a threaded portion 66, a smooth body 68 and a flared collar 70, aligned along the third axis 60.
  • the threaded portion 66 a free end of which forms the first end 62, is able to cooperate with the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30 as will be described below.
  • the threads of the threaded portion 36 of the screw and of the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve are for example in accordance with the AS8879 standard.
  • L T denotes a length of the threaded portion 66, measured along the third axis 60.
  • the flange 70 a free end of which forms the second end 64, is able to receive the head 40 of the screw 30.
  • the flange 70 projects radially with respect to the smooth body 68.
  • the collar 70 has a substantially frustoconical shape, complementary to the countersunk head 40.
  • the smooth body 68 has a substantially cylindrical shape of revolution about the third axis 60.
  • Said smooth body 68 comprises a clamping zone 76 and a deformation zone 78, aligned along the third axis 60.
  • the clamping zone 76 adjacent to the flange 70, is in particular suitable for receiving the shank 38 of the screw 30.
  • the deformation zone 78, between the clamping zone 76 and the threaded portion 66, preferably has an elastic resistance lower than the elastic resistance of the rest of the sleeve 32. This low mechanical strength is for example obtained by selectively annealing the deformation zone 78, by means of an induction machine.
  • the initial configuration of the fixture 10, shown in Figure 1 defines a boundary 80 between the proximal 43 and distal 44 portions. More specifically, in the initial configuration of Figure 1, the proximal portion 43 of the threaded portion 36 of the screw is disposed inside the smooth body 68 of the sleeve 32; and the distal portion 44 of said threaded portion is assembled with the threaded portion 66 of said sleeve. Limit 80 is indicated by dotted lines in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the adhesive coating 33 of the fastener 10 at least partially covers the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30. More precisely, in the initial configuration of FIG. 1, the adhesive coating 33 comprises a first 81 and a second 82, axially adjacent zones. 'to one another.
  • Said first 81 and second 82 zones are respectively arranged on the proximal part 43 and on the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36.
  • the first zone 81 of adhesive coating only partially covers the proximal part 43 of the threaded portion 36.
  • the proximal end 45 of said threaded portion is devoid of coating 33.
  • the first zone 81 completely covers the proximal part 43 of the threaded portion 36.
  • the second zone 82 of adhesive coating 33 only partially covers the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36, the free end 46 of said threaded portion being devoid of coating. In a variant not shown, the second zone 82 completely covers the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36.
  • a total length of the adhesive backing 33 depends on the desired braking performance, as well as the lengths of the threaded portion 36 of. the screw and the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve.
  • An example of the sizing and positioning of the adhesive coating 33 is indicated later in the description.
  • the adhesive coating 33 comprises different reactive components such as a polymerizable compound and a polymerization agent. At least a part of said polymerizable compound and at least a part of said curing agent are kept separate in said adhesive coating, to avoid their interaction.
  • the various reactive components of the adhesive coating are integrated into separate microcapsules, said microcapsules being embedded in a resin capable of being applied in the liquid state to the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, then dried.
  • a resin capable of being applied in the liquid state to the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, then dried.
  • only one of the reactive components of the adhesive coating is integrated into microcapsules, which isolates it from the other components.
  • the polymerizable compound is chosen from an acrylic, a polyurethane-acrylate, a polyester-acrylate, a silicone-acrylate, a polyether-acrylate, an epoxy-polyamide, an epoxy-polyamine, an epoxy-polyurethane, a methacrylate, a epoxy and an epoxy-acrylate.
  • the polymerization agent is a peroxide such as dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, hydroperoxide, peroxyacid, peroxyester, peroxyketal, peroxydicarbonate, ketone peroxide, sulfonyl peroxide, silyl peroxide or an aromatic amine such as 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, a cycloaliphatic amine such as isophorone diamine, an aliphatic amine such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or hexamethylenediamine.
  • a peroxide such as dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, hydroperoxide, peroxyacid, peroxyester, peroxyketal, peroxydicarbonate, ketone peroxide, sulfonyl peroxide, silyl peroxide or an aromatic amine such as 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsul
  • the adhesive coating can also include a microencapsulated blowing agent.
  • the blowing agent is a silicone such as polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylhydrosiloxane or polymethylphenylsiloxane.
  • the wall of the microcapsules can be made from a compound chosen from the following list: gum arabic, cellulose derivative, polysaccharides, polyurethane resin, formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin or urea melamine formaldehyde resin.
  • Each of the first 110 and second 210 assemblies comprises a fastener 10 as described above, said fastener being respectively in a first and in a second installation configuration.
  • the sleeve 32 of the fastener 10 is received in the bore 20 of the structure 112, 212; and the screw 30 is received in said socket.
  • the first 22, second 34 and third 60 axes are thus merged.
  • the free end 64 of the collar 70 of the sleeve 32, as well as the rupture groove 52 of the screw 30, are flush with the accessible first face 14 of the structure 112, 212.
  • the gripping element 42 (not shown) is separate from the rest of the screw 30.
  • the threaded portion 66 and the deformation zone 78 of the sleeve 32, as well as the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, form a protrusion out of the structure 112, 212 of the side of the second face 16 blind.
  • the deformation zone 78 forms an external bulb 184, 284 in contact with the second face 16 of the structure 112, 212.
  • the thickness 118 of the structure 112 corresponds to a minimum thickness of the structure that the binding 10 can assemble, in other words to a minimum tightening capacity G min of the binding 10.
  • the threaded portion 66 of the socket engages the first area 81 and part of the second area 82 of adhesive coating. Said threaded portion is also engaged with a portion of the proximal end 45, devoid of adhesive coating, of the threaded portion 36.
  • the thickness 218 of the structure 212 corresponds to a maximum thickness of the structure that the binding 10 can assemble, in other words to a maximum tightening capacity G ma x of the binding 10.
  • the threaded portion 66 of the socket engages with the second zone 82 and with part of the first zone 81 of adhesive coating. Said threaded portion is also engaged with a part of the free end 46, devoid of adhesive coating, of the threaded portion 36. The remainder of said free end 46 forms an axial projection with respect to the first end 62 of said socket.
  • a method of sizing and positioning the adhesive coating 33, for depositing said coating on the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, will now be described. This method is adapted to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3.
  • Lf denotes a length of adhesive coating 33 located inside the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, both in the first 110 and in the second 210 assemblies.
  • Lf is the length of adhesive coating 33 in engagement with the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, in the installation configuration, for any thickness 118, 218 of structure between the minimum clamping capacities Gmin and maximum G my x.
  • a minimum value Lf m of the length Lf, measured along axis 34, is in particular defined as a function of the desired braking performance, when the binding 10 is released.
  • a binding 10 comprising a threaded portion 66 comprising nine threads, according to standard AS8879.1380-40 UNJF3B.
  • Such a threaded portion has a length L T of 5.7 mm, the distance between each thread being 0.635 mm.
  • Lf m represents approximately six threads of the threaded portion of the screw.
  • L1 and L2 denote the respective lengths of the first zone 81 and of the second zone 82 of adhesive coating 33, measured axially from the limit 80.
  • the difference DL is for example 3 mm;
  • a portion of the second coating zone 82 33 may project from the socket 32, as in the embodiment shown.
  • An additional length corresponding to the clamping capacity of the binding of 2 mm ensures that there is 3.8 mm of threads engaged even at the minimum clamping capacity.
  • the lengths L1 and L2 of the first 81 and second 82 zones are preferably chosen to be greater than the limits determined above, as in the embodiment shown.
  • the length L1 of the first zone 81 corresponds to seven or eight threads and the length L2 of the second zone 82 corresponds to two or three threads.
  • the adhesive coating 33 is configured and positioned on the threaded portion 36 so that, in the installation configuration of FIG. 2 and / or of FIG. 3, a total length of the threaded portion 66 of the socket is in contact with said adhesive coating. Very high braking torques can thus be obtained.
  • Screw 30 and sleeve 32 are manufactured separately.
  • the adhesive coating 33 in the liquid state, is applied to the proximal portion 43 and to the distal portion 44 of the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, then dried.
  • the reactive components of the adhesive coating 33 and in particular the first 81 and second 82 zones, are kept separate by microencapsulation.
  • the threaded portion 36 is then introduced into the sleeve 32 by the collar 70, then driven into the smooth body 68.
  • the screw and the sleeve are screwed together. to the other until the head 40 of the screw comes into contact with the collar 70 of the socket.
  • the adhesive coating 33 comprises a first non-polymerized zone 81, arranged in the smooth body 68 of the sleeve and without contact with said smooth body.
  • the adhesive coating 33 further comprises a second area 82 of partially cured adhesive coating, adjacent to the first area 81, said second area 82 being in engagement with a portion of the threaded portion 66 of the socket.
  • a method of installing the assemblies 110 and 210 will now be described. Said method is for example implemented using a setting tool engaged with the gripping element 42 of the screw 30, in a manner analogous to the method described in document EP2894356.
  • the fastener 10 in the initial configuration is introduced into the bore 20 from the first accessible face 14 of the structure 112, 212.
  • the fastener 10 is moved along the first axis 22, until the collar 70 comes into abutment. the sleeve 32 against the frustoconical surface 24 of said bore.
  • the sleeve 32 is then held in place in the bore 20, for example by exerting an axial thrust against the end 64 of the flange 70. At the same time, an axial traction is exerted on the screw 30, so as to bring the structure 112 closer. , 212 the free end 46 of the threaded portion 36.
  • the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve is driven by the movement of said threaded portion 36, which induces a plastic deformation of the deformation zone 78. Said plastic deformation leads to the bulb. outer 184, 284 formed against the second surface 16 of the structure 112, 212. At this stage of the process, the outer bulb 184, 284 on the one hand, and the flange 70 on the other hand, form opposite stops which axially block the sleeve 32 in the bore 20.
  • a next step in the installation process is the screwing of the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30 into the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve 32.
  • the second zone 82 of adhesive coating partially cured, induces a certain torque. brake between the screw 30 and the sleeve 32. More precisely, the necessary screwing torque is greater than the torque that would be required for a fixing without an adhesive coating. The tightening torque is, however, lower than the tightening torque induced by mechanical braking.
  • the polymerization reaction between the reactive components of the adhesive coating is a slow reaction, its duration being, for example, of the order of a few hours. Initially, the release of said reactive components therefore does not oppose resistance to the screwing operation. In particular, it is not necessary to equip the collar 70 with anti-rotation means.
  • the screw 30 moves axially inside the sleeve 32, until the head 40 comes into abutment against the flange 70. At this stage, the entire threaded portion 66 of the sleeve is in contact with the adhesive coating 33.
  • the polymerization of the reactive components of the adhesive coating 33 allows effective braking between the screw 30 and the sleeve 32. Due to the length of the adhesive coating 33, the resistance to loosening is exerted over the entire length. of the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, regardless of the thickness 118, 218 of the structure between the minimum G min and maximum G max tightening capacities of the rivet 10.
  • the Applicant has carried out comparative tests of braking torques on release, between a binding 10 as described above and a binding of the art. prior.
  • Said fixing of the prior art is similar to fixing 10 but comprises a braking product disposed only on the proximal part 43 of the screw, which is not in engagement with the tapping of the sleeve in the initial configuration.
  • a first advantage of depositing a thread lock on a threaded portion assembled to a threaded portion is to form a barrier against fresh mastic which is generally placed in the bore. Indeed, due to the creep of the structures 112, 212 during the compression of said structures during assembly, mastic risks penetrating between the sleeve 32 and the screw 30 of the fastener 10 during the insertion of the fastener 10. in the hole.
  • the second coating zone 82 thus prevents pollution of the threaded portion 66 by fresh mastic, and generally by any other fluid such as water.
  • the barrier effect also makes it possible to apply ethyl alcohol in bulk to the binding 10 in the initial configuration, for example by immersion, without the ethyl alcohol entering the threaded portion 66.
  • a second advantage is to keep the screw 30 and the sleeve 32 assembled during the transport of the binding 10 and its routing to the means of installation of the binding 10, for example by a vibrating bowl, without the vibrations causing movement. relative between the two pieces.
  • the head 40 of the screw 30 is a protruding head, intended to form a projection relative to the first face 14 of the structure 112, 212.
  • the bore 20 has then a cylindrical shape devoid of a milled surface 24.
  • the flange 70 of the sleeve 32 is substantially planar and bears against the first face 14 of the structure.
  • the length of the head 40 is not included in the minimum G min and maximum G max tightening capacities of the binding.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a fastener (10), comprising: a screw (30) comprising a threaded portion (36); and a sleeve (32) comprising a body (68) and a tapped portion (66); the threaded portion of the screw comprising: a first part (43) arranged inside the body of the sleeve; and a second part (44) adjacent to the first part and joined to the tapped portion (66) of said sleeve; the fastener further comprising an adhesive coating (33) that at least partially covers the threaded portion of the screw. The adhesive coating comprises a first zone (81) and a second zone (82) that are mutually adjacent, said first and second zones being respectively arranged on the first part (43) and on the second part (44) of the threaded portion of the screw.

Description

TITRE : Fixation aveugle avec freinage chimique et procédé d’installation associé TITLE: Blind fixing with chemical braking and associated installation process
La présente invention concerne une fixation, du type comportant : une vis comprenant : une portion filetée, un fût et une tête ; et une douille comprenant un corps sensiblement cylindrique, ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage, apte à recevoir le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation, adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à former un bulbe externe ; une collerette adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à recevoir la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée adjacente à la zone de déformation ; la portion filetée de la vis comprenant : une première partie disposée à l’intérieur du corps de la douille ; et une seconde partie adjacente à la première partie et assemblée à la portion taraudée de ladite douille ; la fixation comportant en outre un revêtement adhésif couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée de la vis. The present invention relates to a fastener, of the type comprising: a screw comprising: a threaded portion, a shank and a head; and a sleeve comprising a substantially cylindrical body, said body comprising a clamping zone, able to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone and able to form an external bulb; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion adjacent to the deformation zone; the threaded portion of the screw comprising: a first part disposed inside the body of the socket; and a second part adjacent to the first part and assembled to the threaded portion of said socket; the fastener further comprising an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw.
L’invention s’applique particulièrement aux fixations aveugles, c’est-à-dire aux fixations installées au travers de structures par un seul côté desdites structures, communément appelées côté « accessible ». Ces fixations sont notamment utilisées dans l’assemblage de structures d’aéronef. Une telle fixation et un procédé d’installation associé sont notamment décrits dans le document EP3482088, au nom de la Demanderesse. The invention is particularly applicable to blind fasteners, that is to say to fasteners installed through structures by only one side of said structures, commonly referred to as the "accessible" side. These fasteners are used in particular in the assembly of aircraft structures. Such a fastening and an associated installation method are described in particular in document EP3482088, in the name of the Applicant.
De telles fixations doivent garantir une résistance haute aux desserrages involontaires associés aux vibrations de l’aéronef. A cet effet, il est connu de munir les fixations d’un frein filet, tel qu’une composition collante déposée sur la vis, comme décrit par exemple dans le document FR2904385. Dans la pratique, il est d’usage de ne jamais déposer le frein filet sur une portion filetée assemblée à une portion taraudée afin de ne pas dégrader les performances de freinage de la fixation installée dans une structure du fait d’une dégradation prématurée et/ou partielle du frein filet. Such fasteners must guarantee high resistance to unintentional loosening associated with aircraft vibrations. For this purpose, it is known to provide the fasteners with a threadlocker, such as a sticky composition deposited on the screw, as described for example in document FR2904385. In practice, it is customary to never place the threadlock on a threaded portion assembled to a threaded portion so as not to degrade the braking performance of the binding installed in a structure due to premature degradation and / or partial of the threadlocker.
La présente invention a pour but d’améliorer les propriétés de freinage des dispositifs existants, et d’assurer un freinage effectif sur l’ensemble de la plage de serrage de la fixation. A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet une fixation du type précité, dans laquelle le revêtement adhésif comporte une première et une seconde zones adjacentes l’une à l’autre, lesdites première et seconde zones étant respectivement disposées sur la première et sur la seconde parties de la portion filetée de la vis. The object of the present invention is to improve the braking properties of existing devices, and to ensure effective braking over the entire clamping range of the binding. To this end, the invention relates to a fastener of the aforementioned type, in which the adhesive coating comprises a first and a second zone adjacent to one another, said first and second zones being respectively arranged on the first and on the other. the second part of the threaded portion of the screw.
Suivant d’autres aspects avantageux de l’invention, la fixation comporte l’une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles : - le revêtement adhésif comporte un composé polymérisable et un agent de polymérisation, au moins une partie dudit composé polymérisable et au moins une partie dudit agent de polymérisation étant maintenues séparées dans ledit revêtement adhésif ; According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the binding comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or according to all the technically possible combinations: the adhesive coating comprises a polymerizable compound and a polymerization agent, at least part of said polymerizable compound and at least part of said polymerization agent being kept separate in said adhesive coating;
- le composé polymérisable est choisi parmi un méthacrylate, un époxy et un époxy-acrylate ; - the polymerizable compound is chosen from a methacrylate, an epoxy and an epoxy-acrylate;
- l’agent de polymérisation est un peroxyde ou une amine ; - the polymerization agent is a peroxide or an amine;
- la première partie de la portion filetée comporte une extrémité, non recouverte par le revêtement adhésif et adjacente à la première zone dudit revêtement adhésif ; the first part of the threaded portion has one end, not covered by the adhesive coating and adjacent to the first zone of said adhesive coating;
- la seconde partie de la portion filetée comporte une extrémité libre, non recouverte par le revêtement adhésif et adjacente à la seconde zone dudit revêtement adhésif ; the second part of the threaded portion has a free end, not covered by the adhesive coating and adjacent to the second zone of said adhesive coating;
- la vis comprend en outre un élément de préhension, relié à la tête par une gorge de rupture. - The screw further comprises a gripping element, connected to the head by a rupture groove.
L’invention se rapporte en outre à un procédé d’installation d’un assemblage structurel, ledit procédé comprenant successivement les étapes suivantes : The invention further relates to a method for installing a structural assembly, said method comprising successively the following steps:
- fourniture d’au moins une structure comprenant une première et une seconde surfaces opposées et un perçage débouchant sur chacune desdites surfaces ; et fourniture d’une fixation telle que précédemment décrite, ladite fixation comportant : une vis, comprenant une portion filetée, un fût et une tête ; une douille comprenant : un corps, ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage apte à recevoir le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation, adjacente à la zone de serrage ; une collerette adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à recevoir la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée, adjacente à la zone de déformation et formant une extrémité de la douille ; et un revêtement adhésif couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée de la vis ; une première longueur de revêtement étant en contact avec la portion taraudée de la douille ; - provision of at least one structure comprising a first and a second opposed surfaces and a bore opening on each of said surfaces; and providing a fastener as described above, said fastener comprising: a screw, comprising a threaded portion, a shank and a head; a sleeve comprising: a body, said body comprising a clamping zone adapted to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion, adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end of the sleeve; and an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw; a first length of coating being in contact with the threaded portion of the socket;
- insertion de la douille dans le perçage de la structure, du côté de la première surface ; - insertion of the sleeve in the bore of the structure, on the side of the first surface;
- maintien de la collerette au contact de la première surface et traction axiale sur la vis, de sorte à déformer la zone de déformation du corps de la douille pour former le bulbe externe ; et - Maintaining the collar in contact with the first surface and axial traction on the screw, so as to deform the deformation zone of the body of the sleeve to form the outer bulb; and
- vissage de la vis dans la douille jusqu’à mise en contact de la tête de la vis et de la collerette de la douille, une deuxième longueur de revêtement, supérieure à la première longueur, étant ainsi mise en contact avec la portion taraudée de la douille. L’invention se rapporte en outre à un assemblage structurel, comprenant :- screwing of the screw into the sleeve until the head of the screw and the collar of the sleeve come into contact, a second length of coating, greater than the first length, thus being brought into contact with the threaded portion of the socket. The invention further relates to a structural assembly, comprising:
- au moins une structure comprenant une première et une seconde surfaces opposées et un perçage débouchant sur chacune desdites surfaces ; et - at least one structure comprising a first and a second opposite surfaces and a bore opening onto each of said surfaces; and
- au moins une fixation reçue dans le perçage, ladite fixation comportant : une vis, comprenant une portion filetée, un fût et une tête ; une douille, comprenant : un corps, ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage recevant le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation, adjacente à la zone de serrage ; une collerette adjacente à la zone de serrage et recevant la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée, adjacente à la zone de déformation et formant une extrémité de la douille ; et un revêtement adhésif couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée de la vis ; la zone de déformation du corps de la douille étant dans une configuration installée, sous forme d’un bulbe externe au contact de la seconde surface de la structure ; une longueur de revêtement adhésif étant en contact avec la portion taraudée de la douille ; ledit assemblage étant issu d’un procédé d’installation tel que décrit ci-dessus. - at least one fastener received in the bore, said fastener comprising: a screw, comprising a threaded portion, a shank and a head; a socket, comprising: a body, said body comprising a clamping zone receiving the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone, adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar adjacent to the clamping zone and receiving the head of the screw; and a threaded portion, adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end of the sleeve; and an adhesive coating at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw; the deformation zone of the body of the socket being in an installed configuration, in the form of an external bulb in contact with the second surface of the structure; a length of adhesive coating being in contact with the threaded portion of the socket; said assembly resulting from an installation process as described above.
L’invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple non limitatif et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels : The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the drawings in which:
- [Fig 1] la figure 1 est une vue en coupe partielle d’une fixation selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention ; - [Fig 1] Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a binding according to one embodiment of the invention;
- [Fig 2] la figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle d’un assemblage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention, formé à partir de la fixation de la figure 1 ; et - [Fig 2] Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of an assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention, formed from the binding of Figure 1; and
- [Fig 3] la figure est une vue en coupe partielle d’un assemblage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention, formé à partir de la fixation de la figure 1. - [Fig 3] the figure is a partial sectional view of an assembly according to a second embodiment of the invention, formed from the binding of Figure 1.
La figure 1 représente une fixation 10 selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention. Les figures 2 et 3 représentent un premier assemblage 110 et un deuxième assemblage 210, chacun desdits assemblages étant obtenu à partir de la fixation 10 de la figure 1 comme il sera décrit ci-après. Figure 1 shows a binding 10 according to one embodiment of the invention. Figures 2 and 3 show a first assembly 110 and a second assembly 210, each of said assemblies being obtained from the binding 10 of Figure 1 as will be described below.
Chacun des assemblages 110, 210 comporte une structure 112, 212. Ladite structure 112, 212 comprend une première face 14 et une deuxième face 16, opposées. Les première 14 et deuxième 16 faces sont sensiblement planes et parallèles entre elles. Each of the assemblies 110, 210 comprises a structure 112, 212. Said structure 112, 212 comprises a first face 14 and a second face 16, opposite. The first 14 and second 16 faces are substantially plane and parallel to each other.
On considère que la première face 14 de la structure 112, 212 est accessible à un opérateur, tandis que la deuxième face 16, ou face aveugle, est non accessible. Préférentiellement, les première 14 et deuxième 16 faces de la structure 112, 212 appartiennent à au moins deux éléments de structure distincts. Lesdits éléments de structure sont par exemple métalliques ou en matériaux composites. Pour simplifier, un seul élément de structure est représenté sur les figures 2 et 3. It is considered that the first face 14 of the structure 112, 212 is accessible to an operator, while the second face 16, or blind face, is not accessible. Preferably, the first 14 and second 16 faces of the structure 112, 212 belong to at least two distinct structural elements. Said structural elements are for example metallic or made of composite materials. For simplicity, only one structural element is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
La structure 112 du premier assemblage 110 et la structure 212 du deuxième assemblage 210 présentent respectivement une première 118 et une deuxième 218 épaisseurs entre leurs première 14 et deuxième 16 faces. La deuxième épaisseur 218 est supérieure à la première épaisseur 118. The structure 112 of the first assembly 110 and the structure 212 of the second assembly 210 respectively have a first 118 and a second 218 thicknesses between their first 14 and second 16 faces. The second thickness 218 is greater than the first thickness 118.
La structure 112, 212 comprend en outre un perçage 20 débouchant sur chacune des première 14 et deuxième 16 faces. Le perçage 20 est disposé selon un premier axe 22 sensiblement perpendiculaire aux première 14 et deuxième 16 faces. The structure 112, 212 further comprises a bore 20 opening onto each of the first 14 and second 16 faces. The bore 20 is arranged along a first axis 22 substantially perpendicular to the first 14 and second 16 faces.
Le perçage 20 comporte une surface fraisée 24, adjacente à la première face 14, et une surface cylindrique 26, adjacente à la surface fraisée et s’étendant jusqu’à la deuxième face 16. La surface fraisée 24 présente une forme sensiblement tronconique. The bore 20 has a milled surface 24, adjacent to the first face 14, and a cylindrical surface 26, adjacent to the milled surface and extending to the second face 16. The milled surface 24 has a substantially frustoconical shape.
Les assemblages 110 et 210 des figures 2 et 3 seront décrits plus en détails ci- après. The assemblies 110 and 210 of Figures 2 and 3 will be described in more detail below.
La fixation 10 est apte à solidariser les éléments de structure formant la structure 112, 212. Comme visible sur la figure 1 , ladite fixation comporte une vis 30 et une douille 32, destinées à être insérées dans le perçage 20. De préférence, la vis 30 et la douille 32 sont métalliques, par exemple en acier inoxydable du type A286, ou en alliage de titane. The fixing 10 is capable of securing the structural elements forming the structure 112, 212. As can be seen in FIG. 1, said fixing comprises a screw 30 and a sleeve 32, intended to be inserted into the bore 20. Preferably, the screw 30 and the sleeve 32 are metallic, for example of stainless steel of the A286 type, or of a titanium alloy.
Comme il sera décrit par la suite, la fixation 10 comporte en outre un frein filet sous forme d’un revêtement adhésif 33, représenté par un contour en trait épais sur les figures 1 à 3. As will be described below, the binding 10 further comprises a threadlocker in the form of an adhesive coating 33, represented by a thick line outline in Figures 1 to 3.
La vis 30 comporte une portion filetée 36, un fût 38 et une tête 40, alignés selon un deuxième axe 34. La vis 30 comprend en outre un élément de préhension 42, adjacent à la tête 40 et formant une extrémité de la vis 30 selon le deuxième axe 34. The screw 30 comprises a threaded portion 36, a shank 38 and a head 40, aligned along a second axis 34. The screw 30 further comprises a gripping element 42, adjacent to the head 40 and forming one end of the screw 30 according to the second axis 34.
Comme il sera décrit par la suite, la portion filetée 36 de la vis comprend une partie proximale 43 et une partie distale 44, axialement adjacentes l’une à l’autre. La partie proximale 43 comprend une extrémité proximale 45 de la portion filetée 36, ladite extrémité proximale étant proche du fût 38. La partie distale 44 comprend une extrémité libre 46 de ladite portion filetée 36, ou extrémité distale, opposée audit fût. As will be described later, the threaded portion 36 of the screw includes a proximal portion 43 and a distal portion 44, axially adjacent to each other. The proximal portion 43 comprises a proximal end 45 of the threaded portion 36, said proximal end being close to the shank 38. The distal part 44 comprises a free end 46 of said threaded portion 36, or distal end, opposite to said shank.
Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, la tête 40 est une tête fraisée, destinée à affleurer la première face 14 de la structure 112, 212 dans les assemblages 110 et 210. Le fût 38 est un fût lisse, c’est-à-dire dépourvu de filetage. Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, le fût 38 comporte deux parties cylindriques de différents diamètres, reliées par un épaulement. Une fixation comprenant un tel fût est notamment décrit dans le document EP3482088, au nom de la Demanderesse. En variante non représentée, le fût 38 ne comporte qu’une seule partie cylindrique. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the head 40 is a countersunk head, intended to be flush with the first face 14 of the structure 112, 212 in the assemblies 110 and 210. The barrel 38 is a smooth barrel, that is to say without thread. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the barrel 38 comprises two cylindrical parts of different diameters, connected by a shoulder. A binding comprising such a barrel is in particular described in document EP3482088, in the name of the Applicant. In a variant not shown, the barrel 38 has only one cylindrical part.
L’élément de préhension 42 de la vis 30 est apte à coopérer avec un outil de pose pour une installation automatisée de la fixation 10. L’élément de préhension 42 comporte par exemple une première 47 et une seconde 48 portions de préhension, reliées par une portion de blocage 50. Les première 47 et seconde 48 portions de préhension et la portion de blocage 50 sont destinées respectivement à guider l’introduction de la fixation 10 dans un outil de pose, à transmettre un couple de torsion et à limiter un mouvement axial de la fixation dans l’outil de pose. Une fixation comprenant un tel élément de préhension, ainsi que sa coopération avec un outil de pose, sont notamment décrits dans le document EP2894356, au nom de la Demanderesse. The gripping element 42 of the screw 30 is able to cooperate with an installation tool for an automated installation of the binding 10. The gripping element 42 comprises for example a first 47 and a second 48 gripping portions, connected by a locking portion 50. The first 47 and second 48 gripping portions and the locking portion 50 are intended respectively to guide the introduction of the binding 10 into an installation tool, to transmit a torque and to limit a movement axial of the fastener in the setting tool. A binding comprising such a gripping element, as well as its cooperation with a setting tool, are in particular described in document EP2894356, in the name of the Applicant.
L’élément de préhension 42 est relié à la tête 40 par une gorge de rupture 52. Ladite gorge est notamment configurée de sorte à soutenir un certain niveau de contrainte en traction selon le deuxième axe 34, et à céder au-delà d’un certain seuil de contrainte en torsion autour dudit deuxième axe. The gripping element 42 is connected to the head 40 by a rupture groove 52. Said groove is in particular configured so as to support a certain level of tensile stress along the second axis 34, and to yield beyond a a certain torsional stress threshold around said second axis.
La douille 32 a une forme tubulaire, disposée selon un troisième axe 60 et ouverte à une première 62 et à une seconde 64 extrémités. The sleeve 32 has a tubular shape, arranged along a third axis 60 and open at a first 62 and at a second 64 ends.
On considère une longueur totale de la douille 32 entre les première 62 et seconde 64 extrémités. Dans la configuration de la figure 1 , dite configuration initiale de la fixation 10, la longueur totale de la douille 32 est sensiblement égale à une somme des longueurs de la portion filetée 36, du fût 38 et de la tête 40 de la vis 30. Consider a total length of the sleeve 32 between the first 62 and second 64 ends. In the configuration of FIG. 1, called the initial configuration of the binding 10, the total length of the sleeve 32 is substantially equal to a sum of the lengths of the threaded portion 36, of the shank 38 and of the head 40 of the screw 30.
La douille 32 comporte une portion taraudée 66, un corps lisse 68 et une collerette évasée 70, alignés selon le troisième axe 60. The sleeve 32 comprises a threaded portion 66, a smooth body 68 and a flared collar 70, aligned along the third axis 60.
La portion taraudée 66, dont une extrémité libre forme la première extrémité 62, est apte à coopérer avec la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30 comme il sera décrit ci- après. Les filetages de la portion filetée 36 de la vis et de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille sont par exemple conformes à la norme AS8879. The threaded portion 66, a free end of which forms the first end 62, is able to cooperate with the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30 as will be described below. The threads of the threaded portion 36 of the screw and of the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve are for example in accordance with the AS8879 standard.
On note LT une longueur de la portion taraudée 66, mesurée selon le troisième axe 60. L T denotes a length of the threaded portion 66, measured along the third axis 60.
La collerette 70, dont une extrémité libre forme la seconde extrémité 64, est apte à recevoir la tête 40 de la vis 30. La collerette 70 est en saillie radiale par rapport au corps lisse 68. Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 4, la collerette 70 a une forme sensiblement tronconique, complémentaire de la tête fraisée 40. The flange 70, a free end of which forms the second end 64, is able to receive the head 40 of the screw 30. The flange 70 projects radially with respect to the smooth body 68. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, the collar 70 has a substantially frustoconical shape, complementary to the countersunk head 40.
Le corps lisse 68 présente une forme sensiblement cylindrique de révolution autour du troisième axe 60. Ledit corps lisse 68 comprend une zone de serrage 76 et une zone de déformation 78, alignées selon le troisième axe 60. La zone de serrage 76, adjacente à la collerette 70, est notamment apte à recevoir le fût 38 de la vis 30. La zone de déformation 78, comprise entre la zone de serrage 76 et la portion taraudée 66, présente de préférence une résistance élastique inférieure à la résistance élastique du reste de la douille 32. Cette faible résistance mécanique est par exemple obtenue en recuisant sélectivement la zone de déformation 78, au moyen d’une machine à induction. The smooth body 68 has a substantially cylindrical shape of revolution about the third axis 60. Said smooth body 68 comprises a clamping zone 76 and a deformation zone 78, aligned along the third axis 60. The clamping zone 76, adjacent to the flange 70, is in particular suitable for receiving the shank 38 of the screw 30. The deformation zone 78, between the clamping zone 76 and the threaded portion 66, preferably has an elastic resistance lower than the elastic resistance of the rest of the sleeve 32. This low mechanical strength is for example obtained by selectively annealing the deformation zone 78, by means of an induction machine.
On considère que la configuration initiale de la fixation 10, représentée à la figure 1 , définit une limite 80 entre les parties proximale 43 et distale 44. Plus précisément, dans la configuration initiale de la figure 1 , la partie proximale 43 de la portion filetée 36 de la vis est disposée à l’intérieur du corps lisse 68 de la douille 32 ; et la partie distale 44 de ladite portion filetée est assemblée à la portion taraudée 66 de ladite douille. La limite 80 est signalée par des pointillés sur les figures 1 à 3. It is considered that the initial configuration of the fixture 10, shown in Figure 1, defines a boundary 80 between the proximal 43 and distal 44 portions. More specifically, in the initial configuration of Figure 1, the proximal portion 43 of the threaded portion 36 of the screw is disposed inside the smooth body 68 of the sleeve 32; and the distal portion 44 of said threaded portion is assembled with the threaded portion 66 of said sleeve. Limit 80 is indicated by dotted lines in Figures 1 to 3.
Le revêtement adhésif 33 de la fixation 10 couvre au moins partiellement la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30. Plus précisément, dans la configuration initiale de la figure 1 , le revêtement adhésif 33 comporte une première 81 et une seconde 82 zones, axialement adjacentes l’une à l’autre. The adhesive coating 33 of the fastener 10 at least partially covers the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30. More precisely, in the initial configuration of FIG. 1, the adhesive coating 33 comprises a first 81 and a second 82, axially adjacent zones. 'to one another.
Lesdites première 81 et seconde 82 zones sont respectivement disposées sur la partie proximale 43 et sur la partie distale 44de la portion filetée 36. Said first 81 and second 82 zones are respectively arranged on the proximal part 43 and on the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la première zone 81 de revêtement adhésif ne recouvre que partiellement la partie proximale 43 de la portion filetée 36. L’extrémité proximale 45 de ladite portion filetée est dépourvue de revêtement 33. En variante non représentée, la première zone 81 recouvre intégralement la partie proximale 43 de la portion filetée 36. In the embodiment shown, the first zone 81 of adhesive coating only partially covers the proximal part 43 of the threaded portion 36. The proximal end 45 of said threaded portion is devoid of coating 33. In a variant not shown, the first zone 81 completely covers the proximal part 43 of the threaded portion 36.
De même, dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif 33 ne recouvre que partiellement la partie distale 44 de la portion filetée 36, l’extrémité libre 46 de ladite portion filetée étant dépourvue de revêtement. En variante non représentée, la seconde zone 82 recouvre intégralement la partie distale 44 de la portion filetée 36. Likewise, in the embodiment shown, the second zone 82 of adhesive coating 33 only partially covers the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36, the free end 46 of said threaded portion being devoid of coating. In a variant not shown, the second zone 82 completely covers the distal part 44 of the threaded portion 36.
Plus généralement, une longueur totale du revêtement adhésif 33 dépend de la performance de freinage désirée, ainsi que des longueurs de la portion filetée 36 de la vis et de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille. Un exemple de dimensionnement et de positionnement du revêtement adhésif 33 est indiqué plus loin dans la description. More generally, a total length of the adhesive backing 33 depends on the desired braking performance, as well as the lengths of the threaded portion 36 of. the screw and the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve. An example of the sizing and positioning of the adhesive coating 33 is indicated later in the description.
De préférence, le revêtement adhésif 33 comporte différents composants réactifs tels qu’un composé polymérisable et un agent de polymérisation. Au moins une partie dudit composé polymérisable et au moins une partie dudit agent de polymérisation sont maintenues séparées dans ledit revêtement adhésif, pour éviter leur interaction. Preferably, the adhesive coating 33 comprises different reactive components such as a polymerizable compound and a polymerization agent. At least a part of said polymerizable compound and at least a part of said curing agent are kept separate in said adhesive coating, to avoid their interaction.
Par exemple, les différents composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif sont intégrés à des micro-capsules distinctes, lesdites micro-capsules étant noyées dans une résine apte à être appliquée à l’état liquide sur la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30, puis séchée. Un tel revêtement adhésif est notamment décrit dans le document US3642937. For example, the various reactive components of the adhesive coating are integrated into separate microcapsules, said microcapsules being embedded in a resin capable of being applied in the liquid state to the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, then dried. Such an adhesive coating is described in particular in document US Pat. No. 3,642,937.
En variante, un seul des composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif est intégré à des micro-capsules, ce qui l’isole des autres composants. Alternatively, only one of the reactive components of the adhesive coating is integrated into microcapsules, which isolates it from the other components.
De préférence, le composé polymérisable est choisi parmi un acrylique, un polyuréthane-acrylate, un polyester-acrylate, un silicone-acrylate, un polyéther- acrylate, un époxy-polyamide, un époxy-polyamine un époxy-polyuréthane, un méthacrylate, un époxy et un époxy-acrylate. Preferably, the polymerizable compound is chosen from an acrylic, a polyurethane-acrylate, a polyester-acrylate, a silicone-acrylate, a polyether-acrylate, an epoxy-polyamide, an epoxy-polyamine, an epoxy-polyurethane, a methacrylate, a epoxy and an epoxy-acrylate.
De préférence, l’agent de polymérisation est un peroxyde tel qu’un peroxyde de dialkyle, un peroxyde de diacyle, un hydroperoxyde, un peroxyacide, un peroxyester, un peroxycétal, un peroxydicarbonate, un peroxyde de cétone, un peroxyde de sulfonyle, un peroxyde de silyle ou une amine aromatique telle que la 4,4’- diaminodiphénylsulfone, une amine cycloaliphatique telle que l’isophorone diamine, une amine aliphatique telle que l’éthylènediamine, le diéthylènetriamine, le triéthylènetétramine ou l’hexaméthylène diamine. Preferably, the polymerization agent is a peroxide such as dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, hydroperoxide, peroxyacid, peroxyester, peroxyketal, peroxydicarbonate, ketone peroxide, sulfonyl peroxide, silyl peroxide or an aromatic amine such as 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, a cycloaliphatic amine such as isophorone diamine, an aliphatic amine such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or hexamethylenediamine.
Le revêtement adhésif peut également comporter un agent d’expansion micro- encapsulé. De préférence, l’agent d’expansion est une silicone tel que le polydiméthylsiloxane, le polyméthylhydrosiloxane ou le polyméthylphénylsiloxane. The adhesive coating can also include a microencapsulated blowing agent. Preferably, the blowing agent is a silicone such as polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylhydrosiloxane or polymethylphenylsiloxane.
La paroi des microcapsules peut être fabriquée à partir d’un composé choisi dans la liste suivante : gomme arabique, dérivé de cellulose, polysaccharides, résine polyuréthane, résine formaldéhyde, résine urée formaldéhyde, résine mélamine formaldéhyde ou résine urée mélamine formaldéhyde. The wall of the microcapsules can be made from a compound chosen from the following list: gum arabic, cellulose derivative, polysaccharides, polyurethane resin, formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin or urea melamine formaldehyde resin.
Les assemblages 110 et 210 des figures 2 et 3 vont à présent être décrits plus précisément. Chacun des premier 110 et deuxième 210 assemblages comporte une fixation 10 telle que décrite ci-dessus, ladite fixation étant respectivement dans une première et dans une deuxième configurations d’installation. The assemblies 110 and 210 of Figures 2 and 3 will now be described in more detail. Each of the first 110 and second 210 assemblies comprises a fastener 10 as described above, said fastener being respectively in a first and in a second installation configuration.
Dans chacun des premier 110 et deuxième 210 assemblages, la douille 32 de la fixation 10 est reçue dans le perçage 20 de la structure 112, 212 ; et la vis 30 est reçue dans ladite douille. Les premier 22, deuxième 34 et troisième 60 axes sont ainsi confondus. L’extrémité libre 64 de la collerette 70 de la douille 32, ainsi que la gorge de rupture 52 de la vis 30, affleurent la première face 14 accessible de la structure 112, 212. En outre, l’élément de préhension 42 (non représenté) est dissocié du reste de la vis 30. In each of the first 110 and second 210 assemblies, the sleeve 32 of the fastener 10 is received in the bore 20 of the structure 112, 212; and the screw 30 is received in said socket. The first 22, second 34 and third 60 axes are thus merged. The free end 64 of the collar 70 of the sleeve 32, as well as the rupture groove 52 of the screw 30, are flush with the accessible first face 14 of the structure 112, 212. In addition, the gripping element 42 (not shown) is separate from the rest of the screw 30.
De plus, dans chacun des premier 110 et deuxième 210 assemblages, la portion taraudée 66 et la zone de déformation 78 de la douille 32, ainsi que la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30, forment une saillie hors de la structure 112, 212 du côté de la deuxième face 16 aveugle. Dans chacune des première et deuxième configurations d’installation, la zone de déformation 78 forme un bulbe externe 184, 284 au contact de la deuxième face 16 de la structure 112, 212. In addition, in each of the first 110 and second 210 assemblies, the threaded portion 66 and the deformation zone 78 of the sleeve 32, as well as the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, form a protrusion out of the structure 112, 212 of the side of the second face 16 blind. In each of the first and second installation configurations, the deformation zone 78 forms an external bulb 184, 284 in contact with the second face 16 of the structure 112, 212.
Dans le premier assemblage 110, l’épaisseur 118 de la structure 112 correspond à une épaisseur minimale de la structure que la fixation 10 peut assembler, autrement dit à une capacité minimale de serrage Gmin de la fixation 10. La portion taraudée 66 de la douille est en prise avec la première zone 81 et avec une partie de la seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif. Ladite portion taraudée est également en prise avec une partie de l’extrémité proximale 45, dépourvue de revêtement adhésif, de la portion filetée 36. In the first assembly 110, the thickness 118 of the structure 112 corresponds to a minimum thickness of the structure that the binding 10 can assemble, in other words to a minimum tightening capacity G min of the binding 10. The threaded portion 66 of the socket engages the first area 81 and part of the second area 82 of adhesive coating. Said threaded portion is also engaged with a portion of the proximal end 45, devoid of adhesive coating, of the threaded portion 36.
Le reste de la seconde zone 82, ainsi que la totalité de l’extrémité libre 46 de la portion filetée, forment une saillie axiale par rapport à la première extrémité 62 de la douille. The remainder of the second zone 82, as well as the whole of the free end 46 of the threaded portion, form an axial projection with respect to the first end 62 of the sleeve.
Dans le deuxième assemblage 210, l’épaisseur 218 de la structure 212 correspond à une épaisseur maximale de la structure que la fixation 10 peut assembler, autrement dit à une capacité maximale de serrage Gmax de la fixation 10. La portion taraudée 66 de la douille est en prise avec la seconde zone 82 et avec une partie de la première zone 81 de revêtement adhésif. Ladite portion taraudée est également en prise avec une partie de l’extrémité libre 46, dépourvue de revêtement adhésif, de la portion filetée 36. Le reste de ladite extrémité libre 46 forme une saillie axiale par rapport à la première extrémité 62 de ladite douille. Une méthode de dimensionnement et de positionnement du revêtement adhésif 33, pour le dépôt dudit revêtement sur la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30, va maintenant être décrite. Cette méthode est adaptée au mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3. In the second assembly 210, the thickness 218 of the structure 212 corresponds to a maximum thickness of the structure that the binding 10 can assemble, in other words to a maximum tightening capacity G ma x of the binding 10. The threaded portion 66 of the socket engages with the second zone 82 and with part of the first zone 81 of adhesive coating. Said threaded portion is also engaged with a part of the free end 46, devoid of adhesive coating, of the threaded portion 36. The remainder of said free end 46 forms an axial projection with respect to the first end 62 of said socket. A method of sizing and positioning the adhesive coating 33, for depositing said coating on the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, will now be described. This method is adapted to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3.
On note Lf une longueur de revêtement adhésif 33 située à l’intérieur de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille, à la fois dans le premier 110 et dans le deuxième 210 assemblages. En d’autres termes, Lf est la longueur de revêtement adhésif 33 en prise avec la portion taraudée 66 de la douille, en configuration d’installation, pour toute épaisseur 118, 218 de structure comprise entre les capacités de serrage minimale Gmin et maximale Gmax. Lf denotes a length of adhesive coating 33 located inside the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, both in the first 110 and in the second 210 assemblies. In other words, Lf is the length of adhesive coating 33 in engagement with the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, in the installation configuration, for any thickness 118, 218 of structure between the minimum clamping capacities Gmin and maximum G my x.
Une valeur minimale Lfm de la longueur Lf, mesurée selon l’axe 34, est notamment définie en fonction de la performance de freinage souhaitée, au desserrage de la fixation 10. A minimum value Lf m of the length Lf, measured along axis 34, is in particular defined as a function of the desired braking performance, when the binding 10 is released.
Par exemple, on considère une fixation 10 comprenant une portion taraudée 66 comportant neuf filets, selon la norme AS8879.1380-40 UNJF3B. Une telle portion taraudée a une longueur LT de 5,7 mm, la distance entre chaque filet étant de 0,635 mm. For example, consider a binding 10 comprising a threaded portion 66 comprising nine threads, according to standard AS8879.1380-40 UNJF3B. Such a threaded portion has a length L T of 5.7 mm, the distance between each thread being 0.635 mm.
Pour assurer un couple de freinage au desserrage de 3 N.m, des essais de mesure de couple montrent que la performance est atteinte avec une longueur Lfm d’au moins 3,8 mm. Dans l’exemple, Lfm représente environ six filets de la portion filetée de la vis. To ensure a braking torque on release of 3 Nm, torque measurement tests show that the performance is achieved with a length Lf m of at least 3.8 mm. In the example, Lf m represents approximately six threads of the threaded portion of the screw.
On note L1 et L2 les longueurs respectives de la première zone 81 et de la seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif 33, mesurées axialement à partir de la limite 80. L1 and L2 denote the respective lengths of the first zone 81 and of the second zone 82 of adhesive coating 33, measured axially from the limit 80.
De préférence, le revêtement 33 de la fixation 10 est configuré avec une longueur axiale totale (L1 + L2) au moins égale à la longueur Lfm. Plus préférentiellement, la longueur L est supérieure ou égale à Lfm + (Gmax - Gmin). Dans l’exemple, on a (Gmax - Gmin) = 2 mm, donc la longueur L est supérieure ou égale à 5,8 mm. On assure ainsi que la longueur minimale Lfm de revêtement adhésif sera en prise avec la portion taraudée 66 sur toute la plage de serrage. Preferably, the coating 33 of the binding 10 is configured with a total axial length (L1 + L2) at least equal to the length Lf m. More preferably, the length L is greater than or equal to Lf m + (G ma x - Gmin). In the example, we have (G ma x - Gmin) = 2 mm, therefore the length L is greater than or equal to 5.8 mm. This ensures that the minimum length Lf m of adhesive coating will engage with the threaded portion 66 over the entire clamping range.
Le revêtement adhésif 33 est positionné axialement sur la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30 de sorte que, lorsque la fixation 10 est installée dans une structure et que le bulbe externe 184, 284 est formé, le revêtement adhésif 33 est en prise sur au moins Lfm = 3,8 mm de la portion taraudée 66 quelle que soit l’épaisseur de la structure. The adhesive liner 33 is positioned axially on the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30 so that when the fastener 10 is installed in a structure and the outer bulb 184, 284 is formed, the adhesive liner 33 engages at least Lf m = 3.8 mm of the threaded portion 66 whatever the thickness of the structure.
Un revêtement adhésif 33 de longueur axiale totale (L1 + L2) = 5,8 mm peut être positionné sur la vis selon la méthode suivante : - insertion de la fixation 10 de la figure 1 dans la structure 212 et mesure d’une première longueur de douille 32 en saillie du côté de la seconde face 16 ; An adhesive coating 33 of total axial length (L1 + L2) = 5.8 mm can be positioned on the screw according to the following method: - Insertion of the fixing 10 of Figure 1 into the structure 212 and measuring a first length of sleeve 32 projecting from the side of the second face 16;
- formation du bulbe 284 par un procédé décrit ci-après ; et mesure d’une seconde longueur de douille 32 en saillie du côté de la seconde face 16 ; - Formation of the bulb 284 by a process described below; and measuring a second length of socket 32 projecting from the side of the second face 16;
- calcul d’une différence DL entre lesdites première et seconde longueur de douille en saillie, soit entre la configuration initiale et la configuration d’installation à la capacité maximale Gmax. La différence DL est par exemple de 3 mm ; - calculation of a difference DL between said first and second protruding sleeve length, ie between the initial configuration and the installation configuration at the maximum capacity G max . The difference DL is for example 3 mm;
- calcul de la différence entre la longueur minimale Lfm et DL, soit 0,8 mm, afin d’assurer que lorsque la vis est dans la configuration installée de la figure 3, à la capacité maximale de serrage, il y a bien au moins 3,8 mm de revêtement 33 sur la seconde zone 82, - calculation of the difference between the minimum length Lf m and DL, i.e. 0.8 mm, in order to ensure that when the screw is in the configuration installed in figure 3, at the maximum tightening capacity, there is indeed less 3.8 mm of coating 33 on the second zone 82,
- positionnement du revêtement adhésif 33 sur la vis 30 de sorte que, en position non installée de la figure 1 , le revêtement adhésif 33 couvre L2 = 0,8 mm sur la seconde zone 82 et L1 = 3 mm + 2 mm sur la première zone 81 , les 2 mm représentant la différence d’épaisseur de structure que la fixation 10 peut serrer. - positioning of the adhesive coating 33 on the screw 30 so that, in the not installed position of FIG. 1, the adhesive coating 33 covers L2 = 0.8 mm on the second zone 82 and L1 = 3 mm + 2 mm on the first zone 81, the 2 mm representing the difference in structural thickness that the fixing 10 can tighten.
En effet, lorsque la fixation 10 est dans la configuration installée de la figure 2 à la capacité minimale de serrage, une portion de la seconde zone 82 de revêtement 33 peut être en saillie de la douille 32, comme dans le mode de réalisation représenté. Une longueur additionnelle correspondant à la capacité de serrage de la fixation de 2 mm permet d’assurer qu’il y a bien 3,8 mm de filets en prise même à la capacité de serrage minimale. Indeed, when the fastener 10 is in the installed configuration of FIG. 2 at the minimum clamping capacity, a portion of the second coating zone 82 33 may project from the socket 32, as in the embodiment shown. An additional length corresponding to the clamping capacity of the binding of 2 mm ensures that there is 3.8 mm of threads engaged even at the minimum clamping capacity.
Pour des raisons de tolérances et de marges de sécurité, les longueurs L1 et L2 des première 81 et seconde 82 zones sont de préférence choisies supérieures aux limites déterminées ci-dessus, comme dans le mode de réalisation représenté. Par exemple, la longueur L1 de la première zone 81 correspond à sept ou huit filets et la longueur L2 de la seconde zone 82 correspond à deux ou trois filets. For reasons of tolerances and safety margins, the lengths L1 and L2 of the first 81 and second 82 zones are preferably chosen to be greater than the limits determined above, as in the embodiment shown. For example, the length L1 of the first zone 81 corresponds to seven or eight threads and the length L2 of the second zone 82 corresponds to two or three threads.
Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, le revêtement adhésif 33 est configuré et positionné sur la portion filetée 36 de sorte qu’en configuration d’installation de la figure 2 et/ou de la figure 3, une longueur totale de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille est en contact avec ledit revêtement adhésif. Des couples de freinage très importants peuvent ainsi être obtenus. According to an embodiment not shown, the adhesive coating 33 is configured and positioned on the threaded portion 36 so that, in the installation configuration of FIG. 2 and / or of FIG. 3, a total length of the threaded portion 66 of the socket is in contact with said adhesive coating. Very high braking torques can thus be obtained.
Un procédé de réalisation de la fixation 10, dans la configuration initiale de la figure 1 , va maintenant être décrit. A method of making the binding 10, in the initial configuration of FIG. 1, will now be described.
La vis 30 et la douille 32 sont fabriquées séparément. Le revêtement adhésif 33, à l’état liquide, est appliqué sur la partie proximale 43 et sur la partie distale 44 de la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30, puis séché. A ce stade, les composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif 33, et notamment des première 81 et seconde 82 zones, sont maintenus séparés par micro-encapsulation. Screw 30 and sleeve 32 are manufactured separately. The adhesive coating 33, in the liquid state, is applied to the proximal portion 43 and to the distal portion 44 of the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30, then dried. At this stage, the reactive components of the adhesive coating 33, and in particular the first 81 and second 82 zones, are kept separate by microencapsulation.
La portion filetée 36 est ensuite introduite dans la douille 32 par la collerette 70, puis enfoncée dans le corps lisse 68. Lorsque l’extrémité libre 46 de la portion filetée rencontre la portion taraudée 66, la vis et la douille sont vissées l’une à l’autre jusqu’à ce que la tête 40 de la vis entre en contact avec la collerette 70 de la douille. The threaded portion 36 is then introduced into the sleeve 32 by the collar 70, then driven into the smooth body 68. When the free end 46 of the threaded portion meets the threaded portion 66, the screw and the sleeve are screwed together. to the other until the head 40 of the screw comes into contact with the collar 70 of the socket.
Ainsi, lorsque le revêtement adhésif 33 disposé sur la vis entre en contact avec la portion taraudée 66 de la douille, les frottements entre le filetage et le taraudage cisaillent une partie des micro-capsules, provoquant une réaction partielle entre les composants réactifs dudit revêtement adhésif. La seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif est ainsi formée. La fixation 10 dans la configuration initiale de la figure 1 est ainsi obtenue. Thus, when the adhesive coating 33 disposed on the screw comes into contact with the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, the friction between the thread and the internal thread shears part of the microcapsules, causing a partial reaction between the reactive components of said adhesive coating. . The second adhesive coating area 82 is thus formed. The fixing 10 in the initial configuration of FIG. 1 is thus obtained.
Plus précisément, dans la configuration initiale, le revêtement adhésif 33 comprend une première zone 81 non polymérisée, disposée dans le corps lisse 68 de la douille et sans contact avec ledit corps lisse. Le revêtement adhésif 33 comprend en outre une seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif partiellement polymérisé, adjacente à la première zone 81 , ladite seconde zone 82 étant en prise avec une partie de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille. More precisely, in the initial configuration, the adhesive coating 33 comprises a first non-polymerized zone 81, arranged in the smooth body 68 of the sleeve and without contact with said smooth body. The adhesive coating 33 further comprises a second area 82 of partially cured adhesive coating, adjacent to the first area 81, said second area 82 being in engagement with a portion of the threaded portion 66 of the socket.
Un procédé d’installation des assemblages 110 et 210 va maintenant être décrit. Ledit procédé est par exemple mis en oeuvre à l’aide d’un outil de pose en prise avec l’élément de préhension 42 de la vis 30, de manière analogue au procédé décrit dans le document EP2894356. A method of installing the assemblies 110 and 210 will now be described. Said method is for example implemented using a setting tool engaged with the gripping element 42 of the screw 30, in a manner analogous to the method described in document EP2894356.
La fixation 10 en configuration initiale est introduite dans le perçage 20 à partir de la première face 14 accessible de la structure 112, 212. La fixation 10 est déplacée selon le premier axe 22, jusqu’à la mise en butée de la collerette 70 de la douille 32 contre la surface tronconique 24 dudit perçage. The fastener 10 in the initial configuration is introduced into the bore 20 from the first accessible face 14 of the structure 112, 212. The fastener 10 is moved along the first axis 22, until the collar 70 comes into abutment. the sleeve 32 against the frustoconical surface 24 of said bore.
La douille 32 est ensuite maintenue en place dans le perçage 20, par exemple en exerçant une poussée axiale contre l’extrémité 64 de la collerette 70. Simultanément, une traction axiale est exercée sur la vis 30, de sorte à rapprocher de la structure 112, 212 l’extrémité libre 46 de la portion filetée 36. La portion taraudée 66 de la douille est entraînée par le déplacement de ladite portion filetée 36, ce qui induit une déformation plastique de la zone de déformation 78. Ladite déformation plastique conduit au bulbe externe 184, 284 formé contre la deuxième surface 16 de la structure 112, 212. A ce stade du procédé, le bulbe externe 184, 284 d’une part, et la collerette 70 d’autre part, forment des butées opposées qui bloquent axialement la douille 32 dans le perçage 20. The sleeve 32 is then held in place in the bore 20, for example by exerting an axial thrust against the end 64 of the flange 70. At the same time, an axial traction is exerted on the screw 30, so as to bring the structure 112 closer. , 212 the free end 46 of the threaded portion 36. The threaded portion 66 of the sleeve is driven by the movement of said threaded portion 36, which induces a plastic deformation of the deformation zone 78. Said plastic deformation leads to the bulb. outer 184, 284 formed against the second surface 16 of the structure 112, 212. At this stage of the process, the outer bulb 184, 284 on the one hand, and the flange 70 on the other hand, form opposite stops which axially block the sleeve 32 in the bore 20.
Une étape suivante du procédé d’installation est le vissage de la portion filetée 36 de la vis 30 dans la portion taraudée 66 de la douille 32. Au début dudit vissage, la seconde zone 82 de revêtement adhésif, partiellement polymérisée, induit un certain couple de freinage entre la vis 30 et la douille 32. Plus précisément, le couple de vissage nécessaire est supérieur au couple que nécessiterait une fixation dépourvue de revêtement adhésif. Le couple de vissage est cependant inférieur au couple de vissage qu’induit un freinage mécanique. A next step in the installation process is the screwing of the threaded portion 36 of the screw 30 into the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve 32. At the start of said screwing, the second zone 82 of adhesive coating, partially cured, induces a certain torque. brake between the screw 30 and the sleeve 32. More precisely, the necessary screwing torque is greater than the torque that would be required for a fixing without an adhesive coating. The tightening torque is, however, lower than the tightening torque induced by mechanical braking.
En outre, au niveau des filets de la portion filetée 36 entrant en contact avec la portion taraudée 66 de la douille, les frottements induits par le vissage cisaillent à nouveau une partie des micro-capsules renfermant les composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif 33. Ce cisaillement se produit sur la première zone 81 , mais également sur la seconde zone 82, de revêtement adhésif, qui n’a été que partiellement polymérisé lors du premier vissage de la vis dans la douille. In addition, at the level of the threads of the threaded portion 36 coming into contact with the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, the friction induced by the screwing shears again a part of the microcapsules containing the reactive components of the adhesive coating 33. This shear occurs on the first zone 81, but also on the second zone 82, of adhesive coating, which was only partially polymerized during the first screwing of the screw into the socket.
De préférence, la réaction de polymérisation entre les composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif est une réaction lente, sa durée étant par exemple de l’ordre de quelques heures. Initialement, la libération desdits composants réactifs n’oppose donc pas de résistance à l’opération de vissage. En particulier, il n’est pas nécessaire d’équiper la collerette 70 de moyens d’anti-rotation. Preferably, the polymerization reaction between the reactive components of the adhesive coating is a slow reaction, its duration being, for example, of the order of a few hours. Initially, the release of said reactive components therefore does not oppose resistance to the screwing operation. In particular, it is not necessary to equip the collar 70 with anti-rotation means.
Au cours du vissage, la vis 30 se déplace axialement à l’intérieur de la douille 32, jusqu’à ce que la tête 40 arrive en butée contre la collerette 70. A ce stade, la totalité de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille est en contact avec le revêtement adhésif 33. During screwing, the screw 30 moves axially inside the sleeve 32, until the head 40 comes into abutment against the flange 70. At this stage, the entire threaded portion 66 of the sleeve is in contact with the adhesive coating 33.
Ensuite, une torsion est exercée sur l’élément de préhension 42 de manière à casser la vis 30 au niveau de la gorge de rupture 52. L’assemblage 110, 210, tel que représenté à la figure 2 ou 3 sans l’élément de préhension 42, est ainsi obtenu. Then, a twist is exerted on the gripping element 42 so as to break the screw 30 at the level of the rupture groove 52. The assembly 110, 210, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3 without the locking element. grip 42, is thus obtained.
En quelques heures, la polymérisation des composants réactifs du revêtement adhésif 33 permet d’obtenir un freinage efficace entre la vis 30 et la douille 32. Du fait de la longueur du revêtement adhésif 33, la résistance au desserrage s’exerce sur toute la longueur de la portion taraudée 66 de la douille, quelle que soit l’épaisseur 118, 218 de la structure comprise entre les capacités minimale Gmin et maximale Gmax de serrage du rivet 10. In a few hours, the polymerization of the reactive components of the adhesive coating 33 allows effective braking between the screw 30 and the sleeve 32. Due to the length of the adhesive coating 33, the resistance to loosening is exerted over the entire length. of the threaded portion 66 of the sleeve, regardless of the thickness 118, 218 of the structure between the minimum G min and maximum G max tightening capacities of the rivet 10.
La Demanderesse a réalisé des essais comparatifs de couples de freinage au desserrage, entre une fixation 10 telle que décrite ci-dessus et une fixation de l’art antérieur. Ladite fixation de l’art antérieur est analogue à la fixation 10 mais comprend un produit de freinage disposé seulement sur la partie proximale 43 de la vis, qui n’est pas en prise avec le taraudage de la douille en configuration initiale. The Applicant has carried out comparative tests of braking torques on release, between a binding 10 as described above and a binding of the art. prior. Said fixing of the prior art is similar to fixing 10 but comprises a braking product disposed only on the proximal part 43 of the screw, which is not in engagement with the tapping of the sleeve in the initial configuration.
Les résultats montrent que l’usage selon lequel un frein filet ne doit pas être déposé sur une portion filetée assemblée à une portion taraudée est un préjugé sans fondement. En effet, le couple au décollement nécessaire pour desserrer la vis par rapport à la douille est amélioré d’environ 25% pour la fixation 10 selon l’invention, et le couple de freinage au desserrage est augmenté d’au moins 75% par rapport à un couple de freinage au desserrage d’une fixation de l’art antérieur. The results show that the practice that a threadlocker should not be placed on a threaded portion assembled to a threaded portion is an unfounded prejudice. Indeed, the separation torque required to loosen the screw relative to the sleeve is improved by approximately 25% for the fastener 10 according to the invention, and the braking torque on release is increased by at least 75% compared to to a braking torque when loosening a binding of the prior art.
Par ailleurs, l’ajout d’un revêtement 33 sur la seconde zone 82 de la vis présente plusieurs avantages. Furthermore, the addition of a coating 33 on the second zone 82 of the screw has several advantages.
Un premier avantage du dépôt d’un frein filet sur une portion filetée assemblée à une portion taraudée est de former une barrière contre du mastic frais qui est généralement disposé dans le perçage. En effet, en raison du fluage des structures 112, 212 lors de la compression desdites structures lors de l’assemblage, du mastic risque de pénétrer entre la douille 32 et la vis 30 de la fixation 10 lors de l’insertion de la fixation 10 dans le perçage. A first advantage of depositing a thread lock on a threaded portion assembled to a threaded portion is to form a barrier against fresh mastic which is generally placed in the bore. Indeed, due to the creep of the structures 112, 212 during the compression of said structures during assembly, mastic risks penetrating between the sleeve 32 and the screw 30 of the fastener 10 during the insertion of the fastener 10. in the hole.
Toute pollution de la liaison filetée vis / douille modifie le couple-tension de la fixation 10, ce qui risque de provoquer soit la casse de la vis en cas d’une trop grande lubrification si la tension lors de l’installation dépasse la résistance mécanique de la vis, soit diminuer la précharge dans la structure assemblée et donc diminuer la performance en fatigue de l’assemblage. Any pollution of the threaded screw / sleeve connection modifies the torque-tension of the fastener 10, which risks causing either the breakage of the screw in the event of too much lubrication if the tension during installation exceeds the mechanical resistance of the screw, or reduce the preload in the assembled structure and therefore reduce the fatigue performance of the assembly.
La seconde zone 82 de revêtement évite ainsi la pollution de la portion taraudée 66 par du mastic frais, et généralement par tout autre fluide comme de l’eau. L’effet barrière permet également d’appliquer en vrac de l’alcool céthylique sur la fixation 10 dans la configuration initiale, par exemple par immersion, sans que l’alcool céthylique pénètre dans la portion taraudée 66. The second coating zone 82 thus prevents pollution of the threaded portion 66 by fresh mastic, and generally by any other fluid such as water. The barrier effect also makes it possible to apply ethyl alcohol in bulk to the binding 10 in the initial configuration, for example by immersion, without the ethyl alcohol entering the threaded portion 66.
Un deuxième avantage est maintenir la vis 30 et la douille 32 assemblées pendant le transport de la fixation 10 et son acheminement jusqu’au moyen de pose de la fixation 10, par exemple par un bol vibrant, sans que les vibrations n’engendrent de mouvement relatif entre les deux pièces. A second advantage is to keep the screw 30 and the sleeve 32 assembled during the transport of the binding 10 and its routing to the means of installation of the binding 10, for example by a vibrating bowl, without the vibrations causing movement. relative between the two pieces.
Selon une variante non représentée au mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, la tête 40 de la vis 30 est une tête protubérante, destinée à former une saillie par rapport à la première face 14 de la structure 112, 212. Le perçage 20 a alors une forme cylindrique dépourvue de surface fraisée 24. La collerette 70 de la douille 32 est sensiblement plane et vient en appui contre la première face 14 de la structure. Selon cette variante, la longueur de la tête 40 n’est pas comprise dans les capacités minimale Gmin et maximale Gmax de serrage de la fixation. According to a variant not shown in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the head 40 of the screw 30 is a protruding head, intended to form a projection relative to the first face 14 of the structure 112, 212. The bore 20 has then a cylindrical shape devoid of a milled surface 24. The flange 70 of the sleeve 32 is substantially planar and bears against the first face 14 of the structure. According to this variant, the length of the head 40 is not included in the minimum G min and maximum G max tightening capacities of the binding.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Fixation (10), comportant : 1. Fixing (10), comprising:
- une vis (30) comprenant : une portion filetée (36), un fût (38) et une tête (40) ; et - a screw (30) comprising: a threaded portion (36), a shank (38) and a head (40); and
- une douille (32) comprenant un corps (68) sensiblement cylindrique, ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage (76), apte à recevoir le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation (78), adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à former un bulbe externe (184, 284) ; une collerette (70) adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à recevoir la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée (66) adjacente à la zone de déformation ; la portion filetée de la vis comprenant : une première partie (43) disposée à l’intérieur du corps de la douille ; et une seconde partie (44) adjacente à la première partie et assemblée à la portion taraudée (66) de ladite douille ; la fixation comportant en outre un revêtement adhésif (33) couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée de la vis ; la fixation étant caractérisée en ce que le revêtement adhésif comporte une première (81) et une seconde (82) zones adjacentes l’une à l’autre, lesdites première et seconde zones étant respectivement disposées sur la première (43) et sur la seconde (44) parties de la portion filetée de la vis. - a sleeve (32) comprising a substantially cylindrical body (68), said body comprising a clamping zone (76), able to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone (78), adjacent to the clamping zone and adapted to form an outer bulb (184, 284); a collar (70) adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion (66) adjacent to the deformation zone; the threaded portion of the screw comprising: a first part (43) disposed inside the body of the socket; and a second part (44) adjacent to the first part and assembled with the threaded portion (66) of said socket; the fastener further comprising an adhesive coating (33) at least partially covering the threaded portion of the screw; the attachment being characterized in that the adhesive coating comprises a first (81) and a second (82) zones adjacent to each other, said first and second zones being respectively disposed on the first (43) and on the second (44) parts of the threaded portion of the screw.
2. Fixation (10) selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle le revêtement adhésif (33) comporte un composé polymérisable et un agent de polymérisation, au moins une partie dudit composé polymérisable et au moins une partie dudit agent de polymérisation étant maintenues séparées dans ledit revêtement adhésif. 2. Fixation (10) according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive coating (33) comprises a polymerizable compound and a polymerization agent, at least part of said polymerizable compound and at least part of said polymerization agent being kept separate in said. adhesive coating.
3. Fixation (10) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le composé polymérisable est choisi parmi un méthacrylate, un époxy et un époxy-acrylate. 3. Fixation (10) according to claim 2, wherein the polymerizable compound is selected from a methacrylate, an epoxy and an epoxy-acrylate.
4. Fixation (10) selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans laquelle l’agent de polymérisation est un peroxyde ou une amine. 4. A binding (10) according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the polymerization agent is a peroxide or an amine.
5. Fixation selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la première partie (43) de la portion filetée (36) comporte une extrémité (45), non recouverte par le revêtement adhésif (33) et adjacente à la première zone (81) dudit revêtement adhésif. 5. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first part (43) of the threaded portion (36) comprises an end (45), not covered by the adhesive coating (33) and adjacent to the first zone (81). ) of said adhesive coating.
6. Fixation selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la seconde partie (44) de la portion filetée (36) comporte une extrémité libre (46), non recouverte par le revêtement adhésif (33) et adjacente à la seconde zone (82) dudit revêtement adhésif. 6. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second part (44) of the threaded portion (36) comprises a free end (46), not covered by the adhesive coating (33) and adjacent to the second zone ( 82) of said adhesive coating.
7. Fixation selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la vis (30) comprend en outre un élément de préhension (42), relié à la tête (40) par une gorge de rupture (52). 7. Binding according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the screw (30) further comprises a gripping element (42), connected to the head (40) by a rupture groove (52).
8. Procédé d’installation d’un assemblage (110, 210) structurel, ledit procédé comprenant successivement les étapes suivantes : 8. A method of installing a structural assembly (110, 210), said method comprising successively the following steps:
- fourniture d’au moins une structure (112, 212) comprenant une première (14) et une seconde (16) surfaces opposées et un perçage (20) débouchant sur chacune desdites surfaces ; et fourniture d’une fixation (10) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 7, ladite fixation comportant : - providing at least one structure (112, 212) comprising a first (14) and a second (16) opposed surfaces and a bore (20) opening onto each of said surfaces; and providing a binding (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, said binding comprising:
- une vis (30), comprenant une portion filetée (36), un fût (38) et une tête (40) ; - a screw (30), comprising a threaded portion (36), a shank (38) and a head (40);
- une douille (32), comprenant : un corps (68), ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage (76) apte à recevoir le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation (78), adjacente à la zone de serrage ; une collerette (70) adjacente à la zone de serrage et apte à recevoir la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée (66), adjacente à la zone de déformation et formant une extrémité (62) de la douille ; et - a sleeve (32), comprising: a body (68), said body comprising a clamping zone (76) adapted to receive the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone (78), adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar (70) adjacent to the clamping zone and able to receive the head of the screw; and a threaded portion (66), adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end (62) of the sleeve; and
- un revêtement adhésif (33) couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée (36) de la vis ; une première longueur (L2) de revêtement étant en contact avec la portion taraudée (66) de la douille ; - an adhesive coating (33) at least partially covering the threaded portion (36) of the screw; a first length (L2) of coating being in contact with the threaded portion (66) of the socket;
- insertion de la douille dans le perçage (20) de la structure, du côté de la première surface ; - Insertion of the sleeve into the bore (20) of the structure, on the side of the first surface;
- maintien de la collerette (70) au contact de la première surface et traction axiale sur la vis (30), de sorte à déformer la zone de déformation (78) du corps de la douille pour former le bulbe externe (184, 284) ; et - maintaining the collar (70) in contact with the first surface and axial traction on the screw (30), so as to deform the deformation zone (78) of the body of the sleeve to form the external bulb (184, 284) ; and
- vissage de la vis dans la douille jusqu’à mise en contact de la tête (40) de la vis et de la collerette (70) de la douille, une deuxième longueur (Lf) de revêtement, supérieure à la première longueur, étant ainsi mise en contact avec la portion taraudée (66) de la douille. - screwing the screw into the sleeve until the head (40) of the screw and the collar (70) of the sleeve come into contact, a second length (Lf) of coating, greater than the first length, being thus brought into contact with the threaded portion (66) of the sleeve.
9. Procédé d’installation selon la revendication 8 prise en combinaison avec la revendication 7, le procédé comprenant ensuite une étape de séparation de l’élément de préhension (42) d’avec la tête (40) de la vis, par rupture de la gorge de rupture (52). 9. Installation method according to claim 8 taken in combination with claim 7, the method then comprising a step of separating the gripping element (42) from the head (40) of the screw, by breaking. the rupture groove (52).
10. Assemblage (110, 210) structurel, comprenant : 10. Structural assembly (110, 210), comprising:
- au moins une structure (112, 212) comprenant une première (14) et une seconde (16) surfaces opposées et un perçage (20) débouchant sur chacune desdites surfaces ; et - at least one structure (112, 212) comprising a first (14) and a second (16) opposite surfaces and a bore (20) opening onto each of said surfaces; and
- au moins une fixation (10) reçue dans le perçage, ladite fixation comportant : - at least one fixing (10) received in the bore, said fixing comprising:
- une vis (30), comprenant une portion filetée (36), un fût (38) et une tête (40) ; - a screw (30), comprising a threaded portion (36), a shank (38) and a head (40);
- une douille (32), comprenant : un corps (68), ledit corps comprenant une zone de serrage (76) recevant le fût de la vis, et une zone de déformation (78), adjacente à la zone de serrage ; une collerette (70) adjacente à la zone de serrage et recevant la tête de la vis ; et une portion taraudée (66), adjacente à la zone de déformation et formant une extrémité (62) de la douille ; et - a sleeve (32), comprising: a body (68), said body comprising a clamping zone (76) receiving the shank of the screw, and a deformation zone (78), adjacent to the clamping zone; a collar (70) adjacent to the clamping zone and receiving the head of the screw; and a threaded portion (66), adjacent to the deformation zone and forming one end (62) of the sleeve; and
- un revêtement adhésif (33) couvrant au moins partiellement la portion filetée (36) de la vis ; la zone de déformation (78) du corps de la douille étant dans une configuration installée, sous forme d’un bulbe externe (184, 284) au contact de la seconde surface (16) de la structure ; une longueur (Lf) de revêtement adhésif étant en contact avec la portion taraudée (66) de la douille ; ledit assemblage étant issu d’un procédé d’installation selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9. - an adhesive coating (33) at least partially covering the threaded portion (36) of the screw; the deformation zone (78) of the body of the socket being in an installed configuration, in the form of an external bulb (184, 284) in contact with the second surface (16) of the structure; a length (Lf) of adhesive coating being in contact with the threaded portion (66) of the socket; said assembly resulting from an installation process according to claim 8 or claim 9.
PCT/EP2020/075805 2019-09-16 2020-09-16 Blind-fitting fastener having chemical braking, and associated installation method WO2021052981A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FRFR1910185 2019-09-16
FR1910185A FR3100850B1 (en) 2019-09-16 2019-09-16 Blind fixing with chemical braking and associated installation method

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WO2021052981A1 true WO2021052981A1 (en) 2021-03-25

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642937A (en) 1969-12-22 1972-02-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sealant having epoxide encapsulated by aminoplast shell and polymeric binder
EP0532850A1 (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-03-24 DaimlerChrysler Aerospace Airbus Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Blind rivet
US5399052A (en) * 1993-04-08 1995-03-21 Volkmann; Josef F. Aerospace fastener with improved bonding relationship to other applications
DE10253888A1 (en) * 2001-05-31 2003-12-18 Gesipa Blindniettechnik Fastening device for components on thin sheet metal has head of screw split in radial direction, with outer section lying upon extension, and inner section rotatable relative to outer section and acting upon it in axial direction
FR2904385A1 (en) 2006-07-25 2008-02-01 Garonne Ets Auriol & Cie STRUCTURAL FIXING METHOD BY BLIND RIVET, BLIND RIVET FOR CARRYING OUT SAME, AND POSITIONING TOOL ADJUSTED TO SUCH A RIVET
US20130061451A1 (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-14 John D. Pratt Fastener and method of installing same
EP2894356A1 (en) 2014-01-14 2015-07-15 Lisi Aerospace Rivet for blind fastening, associated setting tool and method for setting such a rivet
EP3482088A1 (en) 2016-07-06 2019-05-15 Lisi Aerospace Blind fitting rivet having a shoulder sleeve, and associated installation method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642937A (en) 1969-12-22 1972-02-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sealant having epoxide encapsulated by aminoplast shell and polymeric binder
EP0532850A1 (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-03-24 DaimlerChrysler Aerospace Airbus Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Blind rivet
US5399052A (en) * 1993-04-08 1995-03-21 Volkmann; Josef F. Aerospace fastener with improved bonding relationship to other applications
DE10253888A1 (en) * 2001-05-31 2003-12-18 Gesipa Blindniettechnik Fastening device for components on thin sheet metal has head of screw split in radial direction, with outer section lying upon extension, and inner section rotatable relative to outer section and acting upon it in axial direction
FR2904385A1 (en) 2006-07-25 2008-02-01 Garonne Ets Auriol & Cie STRUCTURAL FIXING METHOD BY BLIND RIVET, BLIND RIVET FOR CARRYING OUT SAME, AND POSITIONING TOOL ADJUSTED TO SUCH A RIVET
US20130061451A1 (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-14 John D. Pratt Fastener and method of installing same
EP2894356A1 (en) 2014-01-14 2015-07-15 Lisi Aerospace Rivet for blind fastening, associated setting tool and method for setting such a rivet
EP3482088A1 (en) 2016-07-06 2019-05-15 Lisi Aerospace Blind fitting rivet having a shoulder sleeve, and associated installation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3100850A1 (en) 2021-03-19
FR3100850B1 (en) 2021-09-24

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