WO2021037055A1

WO2021037055A1 - Tool cooling mechanism

Info

Publication number: WO2021037055A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/111368
Authority: WO
Inventors: 宋京新; 龙慧玲; 杜海; 梁安宁; 郭新玲; 王志勇; 刘人杰; 叶勇
Original assignee: 桂林创源金刚石有限公司
Priority date: 2019-08-30
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2021-03-04
Also published as: AU2020338783B2; JP7465579B2; AU2020338783A1; US20220305620A1; ZA202202366B; EP4023393A4; JP2022546056A; CA3149419A1; KR20220051194A; CO2022003783A2; EP4023393A1

Abstract

A tool cooling mechanism, comprising a grinding tool (1). The grinding tool (1) is provided therein with a convergence disc (3); the convergence disc (3) sucks external cooling water into the grinding tool (1) as the grinding tool (1) rotates and then converges the cooling water, and delivers the converged cooling water radially toward the inner wall of the grinding tool (1) so that the cooling water flows to the grinding surface along the inner wall of the grinding tool (1). The cooling mechanism ensures that cooling water can smoothly enters through a water inlet and cools the grinding surface even if the grinding tool (1) is rotating at a high speed, prevents the inability to cool the grinding surface caused by the cooling water axially passing through the grinding tool (1), and converges the cooling water dispersed and atomized by rotation of the grinding tool (1) to cool the grinding surface, thereby achieving cooling in the whole process even when the grinding tool (1) is rotating at a high speed for processing.

Description

一种工具的冷却机构Tool cooling mechanism

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及钻头工具，具体涉及一种工具的冷却机构。The invention relates to a drill tool, in particular to a cooling mechanism of the tool.

背景技术Background technique

在磨削工具中，通过端面磨削/切削的旋转磨具或刀具常见的有套料钻、杯/碟形砂轮、环形磨盘等。套料钻又名掏料钻，其以环形切削方式在实体材料上加工的一种专用刀具或磨具，可以在需要加工的工件中套出可以再利用的棒料。杯/碟形砂轮是由结合剂将磨料固结成环状工作环，与基体相联结，具有一定强度的固结磨具。环形磨盘，类同于大环宽的杯/碟形砂轮。Among the grinding tools, the common rotary abrasive tools or tools that are ground/cut by the end face include a nest drill, a cup/dish-shaped grinding wheel, and an annular grinding disc. Nesting drill, also known as cutting drill, is a special tool or abrasive tool that is machined on solid materials in a circular cutting mode, which can be used to set reusable bar materials in the workpiece to be processed. The cup/dish-shaped grinding wheel is a consolidated abrasive tool with a certain strength that the abrasive is consolidated into a ring-shaped working ring by a bonding agent, which is connected with the matrix. The ring grinding disc is similar to a cup/dish-shaped grinding wheel with a large ring width.

上述磨削工具在加工过程中需要冷却，在使用磨削工具的设备不具有内冷供给结构的情况下，现有技术通常在磨削工具基体上设置一些各种类型的通水孔，通过对水施压经通水孔进入磨削工具内腔，流经磨削工具刃口，实现对磨削面的冷却。The above-mentioned grinding tools need to be cooled during the machining process. In the case that the equipment using the grinding tools does not have an internal cooling supply structure, the prior art usually sets various types of water-passing holes on the base of the grinding tool. The water pressurizes into the inner cavity of the grinding tool through the water hole, and flows through the cutting edge of the grinding tool to cool the grinding surface.

在磨削工具中，还包括杯形轮类的磨具，其工作面为环端面工作环，当工作过程中，工件有可能会遮盖砂轮整个端口，或遮盖砂轮各个不同方位的部分端口，这时，冷却水将难以从砂轮端口处对砂轮内腔施加，简单的方式是在砂轮外径切口处施加，构成外冷模式，但由于离心力的作用，冷却水很难从外径作用到内径，因此冷却效果受到限制，尤其是砂轮靠内径的部位，效果通常是不良的。在高速旋转加工时，砂轮内外及端面表面会形成“气流屏障”，其外冷的效果将受到更大的影响。为了改善这一状况，目前采用的技术方案，有：Grinding tools also include cup-shaped grinding tools. The working surface is a ring end face working ring. During the working process, the workpiece may cover the entire port of the grinding wheel, or cover part of the port of the grinding wheel in different directions. It is difficult to apply cooling water to the inner cavity of the grinding wheel from the port of the grinding wheel. The simple way is to apply it at the cut of the outer diameter of the grinding wheel to form an external cooling mode. However, due to the centrifugal force, it is difficult for the cooling water to act from the outer diameter to the inner diameter. Therefore, the cooling effect is limited, especially in the part of the grinding wheel near the inner diameter, the effect is usually poor. During high-speed rotation processing, the inner and outer surfaces of the grinding wheel and the end surface will form an "air barrier", and the external cooling effect will be more affected. In order to improve this situation, the technical solutions currently adopted include:

方式一，如图30所示，现有技术杯形砂轮之一22，是在杯形砂轮(基体)端面上开数个大孔，即图30中通水孔2201所示，将冷却水经大孔射入砂轮内腔，这种方式，可解决低转速情况下的冷却水进入，水从多个通水孔2201进入到砂轮内腔，与砂轮接触的一部分冷却水会受到离心力作用，由内径至外径沿水槽或磨削面实施冷却。该方式进入砂轮内腔的冷却水，有一部分有可能贯穿砂轮而过，造成浪费，另有一部分水，可能始终不能受到离心力的作用，也形成浪费。该方式在砂轮高速旋转时，冷却水的进入比率将会下降，且冷却水进入砂轮腔体过程中，易被“雾化”一部分，故而冷却效果会受到影响而降低。Method one, as shown in Figure 30, one of the prior art cup-shaped grinding wheels 22 is to make several large holes on the end surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (base body), that is, as shown by the water-passing holes 2201 in Figure 30, the cooling water is passed through Large holes are injected into the inner cavity of the grinding wheel. This method can solve the problem of cooling water entering at low speed. Water enters the inner cavity of the grinding wheel from multiple water holes 2201. A part of the cooling water in contact with the grinding wheel will be subjected to centrifugal force. The inner diameter to the outer diameter is cooled along the water tank or the grinding surface. In this way, part of the cooling water entering the inner cavity of the grinding wheel may pass through the grinding wheel and cause waste. Another part of the water may not be affected by the centrifugal force at all times, which may also cause waste. In this way, when the grinding wheel rotates at a high speed, the cooling water entering rate will decrease, and when the cooling water enters the grinding wheel cavity, it is easy to be "atomized" partly, so the cooling effect will be affected and reduced.

方式二，如图31所示，现有技术杯形砂轮之二23，是在基体端面靠外径的部位开较多的小斜孔，即图31中通水孔2301所示，辅助设置一个蓄水空间结构，冷却水经蓄水空间再经通水孔2301进入到砂轮内腔，在离心力的作用下，由内径至外径沿水槽或磨削面实施冷却。该方式水孔的流通面积小，进水量有限，在高速旋转时，冷却水的进入比率也将会下降，继而冷却效果亦受到限制。Method two, as shown in Figure 31, the second cup wheel 23 of the prior art is to open more small oblique holes at the outer diameter of the base end surface, that is, as shown in the water through hole 2301 in Figure 31, an auxiliary is provided Water storage space structure, the cooling water enters the grinding wheel cavity through the water storage space and then through the water hole 2301. Under the action of centrifugal force, cooling is performed along the water tank or the grinding surface from the inner diameter to the outer diameter. The flow area of the water holes in this method is small, and the water intake is limited. When rotating at a high speed, the cooling water entering rate will also decrease, and then the cooling effect will be limited.

发明内容Summary of the invention

综上所述，为克服现有技术存在的缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是在磨削设备不具有内冷供给结构的情况下，提供一种工具的冷却机构。In summary, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tool cooling mechanism when the grinding equipment does not have an internal cooling supply structure.

本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种工具的冷却机构，包括磨削工具；所述磨削工具内设有汇流盘，所述汇流盘随着所述磨削工具转动将外部冷却水吸入所述磨削工具内再汇流，并将汇流后的冷却水径向朝所述磨削工具的内壁输送以使所述冷却水沿着所述磨削工具的内壁流向磨削面。The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a cooling mechanism of a tool, including a grinding tool; the grinding tool is provided with a collecting plate, and the collecting plate will cool the external cooling water along with the rotation of the grinding tool. It is sucked into the grinding tool and then merged, and the pooled cooling water is transported radially toward the inner wall of the grinding tool so that the cooling water flows to the grinding surface along the inner wall of the grinding tool.

本发明的有益效果是：保证在磨削工具即使高速转动时冷却水也能顺利经进水口进入并对磨削面进行冷却，防止冷却水轴向贯穿磨削工具而无法冷却磨削面，并将被磨削工具转动打散雾化的冷却水汇流后再冷却磨削面，实现在磨削工具高速转动加工时也能做到全程冷却。The beneficial effect of the present invention is to ensure that the cooling water can smoothly enter through the water inlet and cool the grinding surface even when the grinding tool rotates at high speed, prevent the cooling water from axially penetrating the grinding tool and fail to cool the grinding surface, and After the grinding tool is rotated to disperse the atomized cooling water, the grinding surface is cooled and the grinding surface is cooled, so that the entire cooling can be achieved when the grinding tool is rotated at a high speed.

在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进：On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

进一步，所述磨削工具的顶部设有用于向其内部灌入冷却水的进水口，所述汇流盘固定在所述磨削工具内且对应所述进水口下方的位置处。Further, the top of the grinding tool is provided with a water inlet for pouring cooling water into the grinding tool, and the collecting plate is fixed in the grinding tool and corresponding to a position below the water inlet.

进一步，还包括若干个叶片，其分布在所述汇流盘上并随着所述磨削工具的转动形成将外部冷却水吸入到所述磨削工具内的涡流。Further, it also includes several blades which are distributed on the collecting plate and form a vortex that sucks the external cooling water into the grinding tool along with the rotation of the grinding tool.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：在磨削工具的转动下，通过叶片形成将冷却水从进水口吸入的涡流。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that under the rotation of the grinding tool, a vortex is formed through the blade to suck the cooling water from the water inlet.

进一步，所述叶片分布在所述汇流盘顶部外周一圈。Further, the blades are distributed on the outer circumference of the top of the collecting plate.

进一步，还包括将所述叶片和所述汇流盘固定在所述磨削工具内相应的位置处的固定螺钉，所述固定螺钉与所述叶片一一对应设置；Further, it also includes fixing screws for fixing the blades and the collecting plate at corresponding positions in the grinding tool, and the fixing screws are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blades;

所述固定螺钉从上至下依次穿过所述磨削工具顶部对应所述进水口外周的侧壁、对应的所述叶片以及所述汇流盘。The fixing screw passes through the side wall of the top of the grinding tool corresponding to the outer periphery of the water inlet, the corresponding blade and the collecting plate in sequence from top to bottom.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：叶片除了吸水的功能之外，其还用做将汇流盘固定到磨削工具上的连接件。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that, in addition to the water absorption function, the blade is also used as a connecting piece for fixing the collecting plate to the grinding tool.

进一步，所述汇流盘的外周边缘向外延伸到靠近所述磨削工具内壁的位置处，在所述汇流盘与所述磨削工具内壁之间形成限制冷却水沿着所述磨削工具内壁向下流动的导流缝隙。Further, the outer peripheral edge of the collecting plate extends outward to a position close to the inner wall of the grinding tool, and a restriction cooling water is formed between the collecting plate and the inner wall of the grinding tool along the inner wall of the grinding tool Diversion gap for downward flow.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：降低“气流屏障”的影响，提高冷却水的利用率。The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: reducing the influence of the "air flow barrier" and improving the utilization rate of cooling water.

进一步，所述汇流盘与所述进水口同轴设置，并且所述汇流盘的径向尺寸大于所述进水口的径向尺寸，在所述磨削工具顶部对应所述进水口外周的侧壁与所述汇流盘之间形成临时储存冷却水的储水区。Further, the collecting plate is arranged coaxially with the water inlet, and the radial dimension of the collecting plate is larger than the radial dimension of the water inlet, and the top of the grinding tool corresponds to the side wall of the outer periphery of the water inlet A water storage area for temporarily storing cooling water is formed between the collecting plate.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：有利于将雾化态水汇流和提高进水量。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that it is beneficial to converge the atomized water and increase the water inflow.

进一步，所述叶片螺旋设置，并且所有所述叶片的螺旋方向相同。Further, the blades are spirally arranged, and the spiral directions of all the blades are the same.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：提高将冷却水从进水口吸入的吸附力。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is to improve the adsorption force of sucking the cooling water from the water inlet.

进一步，所述汇流盘顶部设有连接结构，所述连接结构沿着所述磨削工具的轴向向上穿过所述进水口后连接磨削设备。Further, a connecting structure is provided on the top of the collecting plate, and the connecting structure passes through the water inlet along the axial direction of the grinding tool and is connected to the grinding equipment.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：实现磨削工具与磨削设备的连接。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is to realize the connection between the grinding tool and the grinding equipment.

进一步，还包括若干个叶片；所述磨削工具中部开设敞口区域，其底面中心处设有用于连接外部设备的设备孔，所述磨削工具外周的环端面为磨削面，所述汇流盘设置在所述磨削工具的敞口区域内，且与所述磨削工具的底面可拆卸连接，所述汇流盘包括第一盘体以及用于供冷却水进入所述磨削工具内的进水孔，所述第一盘体的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第一盘体的中心处设有与所述设备孔同轴的所述进水孔，所述第一盘体从所述进水孔至所述磨削工具侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向倾斜设置，形成环形倾斜面结构，所述第一盘体的外边缘与所述磨削工具的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙；所述若干个叶片位于所述第一盘体与所述磨削工具底面之间，并沿周向间隔排列在所述第一盘体上，所述若干个叶片将缝隙分割为多个汇流通道。Further, it also includes several blades; the grinding tool is provided with an open area in the middle, and the center of the bottom surface is provided with an equipment hole for connecting external equipment, the ring end surface of the outer periphery of the grinding tool is a grinding surface, and the confluence The disc is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool and is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the grinding tool. The confluence disc includes a first disc body and a device for cooling water to enter the grinding tool. Water inlet, the outer edge of the first plate body extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool, and the center of the first plate body is provided with the coaxial The water inlet hole, the first disc body is arranged obliquely from the water inlet hole to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool to form an annular inclined surface structure, and the outer edge of the first disc body is with A gap for cooling water is left between the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool; the several blades are located between the first disc body and the bottom surface of the grinding tool, and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. On the first disc body, the plurality of blades divide the gap into a plurality of confluence channels.

进一步，所述若干个叶片分别从所述进水孔至所述第一盘体外边缘的方向径向延伸，且与所述第一盘体一体成型。Further, the plurality of blades respectively extend radially from the water inlet hole to the outer edge of the first disk body, and are integrally formed with the first disk body.

进一步，所述若干个叶片的延长线均不经过所述第一盘体的圆心，形成涡流状。Further, none of the extension lines of the plurality of blades pass through the center of the first disc body, forming a vortex shape.

进一步，还包括气流挡圈，所述气流挡圈环绕一周的设置在所述第一盘体上表面的外边缘处，所述气流挡圈和所述磨削工具的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。Further, it also includes an airflow retaining ring, which is arranged around the outer edge of the upper surface of the first plate body, and is formed between the airflow retaining ring and the inner wall of the grinding tool for isolation The airflow of the airflow isolates the passage.

进一步，所述气流挡圈平行于所述磨削工具侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。Further, the air flow retaining ring is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.

进一步，所述气流挡圈由外至内沿所述磨削工具侧壁向底面方向倾斜。Further, the air flow retaining ring is inclined from the outside to the inside along the side wall of the grinding tool toward the bottom surface.

进一步，还包括圆形的连接盘，其中心处设有用于连接外部设备的连接孔，所述连接孔与所述设备孔同轴设置，所述若干个叶片底面设有缺口，各个所述缺口从所述叶片的内侧壁向外延伸至靠近外侧壁的位置，并沿周向形成圆形槽体，所述连接盘置于所述圆形槽体内。Further, it also includes a circular connecting plate with a connecting hole for connecting external equipment at the center, the connecting hole is arranged coaxially with the device hole, the bottom surfaces of the plurality of blades are provided with notches, and each of the notches is Extend from the inner side wall of the blade to a position close to the outer side wall, and form a circular groove body along the circumferential direction, and the connecting disc is placed in the circular groove body.

进一步，还包括主轴螺丝，所述主轴螺丝依次贯穿所述连接盘的连接孔和所述磨削工具的设备孔并与外部设备的主轴螺纹连接。Further, it also includes a spindle screw, which sequentially penetrates the connecting hole of the connecting plate and the device hole of the grinding tool and is threadedly connected with the spindle of an external device.

进一步，还包括叶片连接螺钉，所述第一盘体且对应所述叶片处设有贯穿的叶片螺孔，所述磨削工具上对应所述叶片螺孔处设有螺钉槽，所述螺钉槽内设有内螺纹，所述叶片连接螺钉贯穿所述叶片螺孔并与所述螺钉槽螺纹连接，将所述磨削工具和汇流盘连接为一体。Further, it also includes a blade connecting screw, the first disk body is provided with a blade screw hole penetrating therethrough corresponding to the blade, and the grinding tool is provided with a screw groove corresponding to the blade screw hole, and the screw groove An internal thread is provided inside, and the blade connecting screw penetrates the blade screw hole and is threadedly connected with the screw groove to connect the grinding tool and the confluence plate as a whole.

进一步，还包括若干个叶轮；所述磨削工具的底端开设敞口区域，环绕所述磨削工具底端的外边缘一周为磨削面，所述磨削工具的顶端中心处设有连接块，所述连接块为圆柱体形，所述磨削工具的顶端环绕所述连接块一周的开设有环形镂空区域，所述若干个叶轮置于所述环形镂空区域内且横跨连接在所述磨削工具顶端外边缘与所述连接块之间，所述若干个叶轮沿所述连接块的周向且间隔分布；Further, it also includes a number of impellers; the bottom end of the grinding tool is provided with an open area, the outer edge surrounding the bottom end of the grinding tool is a grinding surface, and the center of the top end of the grinding tool is provided with a connecting block The connecting block is cylindrical, the top end of the grinding tool is provided with an annular hollow area around the connecting block, and the plurality of impellers are placed in the annular hollow area and connected across the grinding tool. Between the outer edge of the tip of the cutting tool and the connecting block, the several impellers are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the connecting block;

所述汇流盘设置在所述磨削工具的敞口区域内，所述汇流盘包括与所述连接块同轴的连接柱和第二盘体，所述连接柱为下端敞口的中空圆柱体形，所述连接柱的上端可拆卸的连接在所述连接块的底面，所述第二盘体环绕一周的设置在所述连接柱的外周，且所述第二盘体的内边缘与所述连接柱底端的外壁一体成型，所述第二盘体的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具的侧壁处，形成环形面结构，所述第二盘体的外边缘与所述磨削工具的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙。The collecting plate is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool, the collecting plate includes a connecting column coaxial with the connecting block and a second plate body, and the connecting column is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with an open lower end , The upper end of the connecting column is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the connecting block, the second plate body is circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting column, and the inner edge of the second plate body is connected to the bottom surface of the connecting block. The outer wall of the bottom end of the connecting column is integrally formed. The outer edge of the second disc body extends to the side wall of the grinding tool to form a ring-shaped surface structure. The outer edge of the second disc body and the grinding tool There is a gap between the side wall and the bottom surface for cooling water to circulate.

进一步，所述第二盘体的外边缘水平延伸至所述磨削工具的侧壁处，呈环形平面状。Further, the outer edge of the second disk body extends horizontally to the side wall of the grinding tool, and is in the shape of an annular plane.

进一步，所述第二盘体的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第二盘体从所述连接柱至所述磨削工具的侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向向上倾斜设置，呈环形倾斜面状。Further, the outer edge of the second disk body extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool, and the second disk body extends from the connecting column to the side wall and bottom surface of the grinding tool. The direction of the intersection is inclined upward and is in the shape of a circular inclined surface.

进一步，所述汇流盘还包括气流挡环，所述气流挡环环绕一周的设置在所述第二盘体的外边缘处，所述气流挡环和所述磨削工具的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。Further, the confluence plate further includes an airflow baffle ring, which is arranged around the outer edge of the second plate body in a circle, and is formed between the airflow baffle ring and the inner wall of the grinding tool. The airflow isolation channel is used to isolate the airflow.

进一步，所述气流挡环平行于所述磨削工具侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。Further, the air baffle ring is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.

进一步，所述气流挡环从上至下向靠近所述磨削工具侧壁的方向倾斜。Further, the airflow baffle ring is inclined from top to bottom in a direction close to the side wall of the grinding tool.

进一步，还包括主轴连接螺钉；所述连接块的顶端和所述连接柱的中心处设置同轴的主轴螺孔，所述主轴连接螺钉由下至上依次贯穿所述连接柱和所述连接块的主轴螺孔并与外部设备的主轴螺纹连接，将所述汇流盘和所述磨削工具锁紧在所述外部设备上。Further, it also includes a spindle connecting screw; a coaxial spindle screw hole is provided at the top of the connecting block and the center of the connecting column, and the spindle connecting screw passes through the connecting column and the connecting block sequentially from bottom to top. The spindle screw hole is threadedly connected with the spindle of the external device, and the manifold and the grinding tool are locked on the external device.

进一步，所述磨削工具为套料钻、杯形砂轮、碟形砂轮或环形磨盘。Further, the grinding tool is a nest drill, a cup-shaped grinding wheel, a dish-shaped grinding wheel or an annular grinding disc.

采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：在磨削设备不具有内冷供给结构的情况下，该外转内冷式机构用于不同的旋转磨具或刀具，使用范围广泛。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that in the case that the grinding equipment does not have an internal cooling supply structure, the external rotation internal cooling mechanism is used for different rotating abrasive tools or tools, and has a wide range of use.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为实施例一的整体结构图；Figure 1 is a diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment;

图2为图1的剖视图；Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1;

图3为磨削工具的结构图；Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the grinding tool;

图4为汇流盘的结构图；Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the busbar;

图5为实施例二的冷却结构的结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the cooling structure of the second embodiment;

图6为实施例二的不带连接盘的冷却结构的平面剖视图；Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view of the cooling structure without a connecting plate in the second embodiment;

图7为实施例二的不带连接盘的冷却结构的立体剖视图；Figure 7 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cooling structure without a connecting plate in the second embodiment;

图8为实施例二的带连接盘冷却结构的平面剖视图；Figure 8 is a plan sectional view of the cooling structure with a connecting plate of the second embodiment;

图9为实施例二的带连接盘冷却结构的立体剖视图；Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the cooling structure with a connecting plate of the second embodiment;

图10为实施例二的不过圆心叶片的分布图；Fig. 10 is a distribution diagram of the blades that are not centered in the second embodiment;

图11为实施例二的不过圆心叶片的俯视图；Fig. 11 is a top view of a blade with no center but not a circle according to the second embodiment;

图12为实施例二的过圆心叶片的俯视图；Figure 12 is a top view of the over-center blade of the second embodiment;

图13为实施例二的叶片的侧视图；Figure 13 is a side view of the blade of the second embodiment;

图14为实施例二的冷却水在冷却结构中的流动示意图；14 is a schematic diagram of the flow of cooling water in the cooling structure of the second embodiment;

图15为实施例三的磨削工具的俯视图；Figure 15 is a top view of the grinding tool of the third embodiment;

图16为实施例三的第二盘体的示意图；FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the second disc body of the third embodiment;

图17为实施例三的第二盘体之一的示意图；FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of one of the second disc bodies in the third embodiment;

图18为实施例三的第二盘体之一的剖视图；18 is a cross-sectional view of one of the second disc bodies in the third embodiment;

图19为实施例三的第二盘体之一在杯形砂轮中的剖视图；Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of one of the second disc bodies in the cup-shaped grinding wheel of the third embodiment;

图20为实施例三的冷却水在第二盘体之一中流动的示意图；FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flowing in one of the second disk bodies in the third embodiment; FIG.

图21为实施例三的第二盘体之二的示意图；FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the second disc body of the third embodiment;

图22为实施例三的第二盘体之二的剖视图；Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the second plate of the third embodiment;

图23为实施例三的第二盘体之二在杯形砂轮中的剖视图；Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the second disc body of the third embodiment in the cup-shaped grinding wheel;

图24为实施例三的冷却水在第二盘体之二中流动的示意图；24 is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flowing in the second plate of the third embodiment;

图25为实施例三的气流挡环的示意图；Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the airflow baffle ring of the third embodiment;

图26为实施例三的冷却水在气流挡环处流动的示意图；Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flowing at the air baffle ring in the third embodiment;

图27为实施例三的叶片的示意图；Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the blade of the third embodiment;

图28为实施例二的现有技术杯形砂轮及分流罩的结构示意图；28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prior art cup-shaped grinding wheel and the shunt cover of the second embodiment;

图29为实施例二的现有技术冷却水在现有技术杯形砂轮内流动的示意图；29 is a schematic diagram of the prior art cooling water flowing in the prior art cup-shaped grinding wheel of the second embodiment;

图30为实施例三的现有技术方式一杯形砂轮的结构示意图；FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cup-shaped grinding wheel in the prior art of the third embodiment;

图31为实施例三的现有技术方式二杯形砂轮的结构示意图；Figure 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-cup grinding wheel in the prior art of the third embodiment;

图32为实施例四中齿环的三维图；Figure 32 is a three-dimensional view of the gear ring in the fourth embodiment;

图33为图32的俯视图；Figure 33 is a top view of Figure 32;

图34为图33的A-A剖视图；Figure 34 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 33;

图35为齿环上安装冷却机构后的俯视图；Figure 35 is a plan view of the gear ring after the cooling mechanism is installed;

图36为图35的B-B剖视图。Fig. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Fig. 35.

附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：In the drawings, the list of parts represented by each number is as follows:

1、磨削工具，2、进水口，3、汇流盘，4、叶片，5、储水区，6、固定螺钉，7、导流缝隙，8、连接结构，9、设备孔，10、进水孔，11、气流挡圈，12、连接盘，13、主轴螺丝，14、主轴，15、叶片连接螺钉，16、叶片螺孔，17、连接块，18、连接柱，19、环形镂空区域，20、气流挡环，21、主轴连接螺钉，101、分流罩，301、第一盘体，302、第二盘体，A、气流屏障薄弱区，B、气流隔离通道，22、现有技术杯形砂轮之一，23、现有技术杯形砂轮之二，2201、现有技术方式一通水孔，2301、现有技术方式二通水孔，24、基体，25、齿片，26、通水槽，27、内环体，28、外环体，29、通水孔，30、叶轮。1. Grinding tool, 2. Water inlet, 3. Confluence plate, 4. Blade, 5. Water storage area, 6. Fixing screw, 7. Diversion gap, 8. Connection structure, 9. Equipment hole, 10. Water hole, 11, air retaining ring, 12, connecting plate, 13, spindle screw, 14, spindle, 15, blade connecting screw, 16, blade screw hole, 17, connecting block, 18, connecting column, 19, annular hollow area , 20, air flow baffle ring, 21, main shaft connecting screw, 101, shunt cover, 301, first plate body, 302, second plate body, A, air flow barrier weak area, B, air flow isolation channel, 22, prior art One of the cup-shaped grinding wheels, 23. The second of the prior art cup-shaped grinding wheels, 2201, the prior art method one water hole, 2301, the prior art method two water holes, 24, the base body, 25, the tooth plate, 26, Water passage, 27, inner ring body, 28, outer ring body, 29, water hole, 30, impeller.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples cited are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

实施例一Example one

该实施例中磨削工具1为套料钻。In this embodiment, the grinding tool 1 is a nest drill.

如图1-3所示，一种工具的冷却机构，包括磨削工具1和进水口2，所述进水口2处于所述磨削工具1的顶部用于向所述磨削工具1内灌入冷却水。所述磨削工具1内设有汇流盘3，所述汇流盘3随着所述磨削工具1转动将外部冷却水吸入所述磨削工具1内再汇流，并将汇流后的冷却水径向朝所述磨削工具1的内壁输送以使所述冷却水沿着所述磨削工具1的内壁流向磨削面。As shown in Figures 1-3, a tool cooling mechanism includes a grinding tool 1 and a water inlet 2. The water inlet 2 is located on the top of the grinding tool 1 for filling the grinding tool 1 Into the cooling water. The grinding tool 1 is provided with a manifold 3, and as the grinding tool 1 rotates, the manifold 3 draws external cooling water into the grinding tool 1 and then converges, and the confluence of the cooling water The cooling water is conveyed toward the inner wall of the grinding tool 1 so that the cooling water flows to the grinding surface along the inner wall of the grinding tool 1.

如图4所示，该冷却机构还包括叶片4。所述汇流盘3固定在所述磨削工具1即套料钻内且对应所述进水口2下方的位置处。所述汇流盘3顶部设有连接结构8，所述连接结构8沿着所述磨削工具1的轴向向上穿过所述进水口2后连接磨削设备即钻机的主轴，在钻机的驱动下实现套料钻1的转动。所述叶片4设有若干个，其分布在所述汇流盘3上并随着所述套料钻1的转动形成涡流。优选的：所述叶片4螺旋设置，并且所有所述叶片4的螺旋方向相同，叶片4螺旋设置可以增强在转动后发生的涡流效应，进而提高将冷却水从进水口吸入的吸附力。在套料钻1转动加工掏料的过程中，汇流盘3和叶片4会同步转动，由于叶片4相对水平面按预设的角度斜向设计即螺旋布置，其转动后带动空气在进水口2的下方形成对冷却水具推动作用的涡流，从而助推冷却水能顺利穿过进水口2处因为高速旋转形成的气流屏障，将冷却水吸入套料钻1内(汇流盘3转动同样能吸入冷却水)，实现套料钻1即使高速转动时冷却水液能顺利经进水口2进入并对磨削面进行冷却，保证在套料钻1高速转动加工时也能做到全程冷却。另外，汇流盘3能轴向阻挡进入磨削工具1内的冷却水，防止冷却水轴向贯穿磨削工具1无法冷却磨削面，并将被磨削工具转动打散雾化的冷却水汇流。本发明通过上述汇流盘3和叶片4可以将进水口2设计成环形360度无障碍的形式，冷却水供给的出水管口可以经进水口2穿入到磨削工具1后直接进入到基体的内腔，从而破除了进水口2处的气流屏障。现有技术中，通过在磨削工具基体上打通孔等方式，冷却水浇在基体表面后通过通孔进入到基体的内腔进行外冷，无论通孔设置在基体的上端面还是外圆周，其冷却水供给的出水管口均不能进入到基体的内腔，原因是如果出水管口从通孔伸到内腔，磨削工具旋转要带着出水管一并旋转，此为内冷结构的概念。而本发明是通过“外冷”结构实现了内冷方式的冷却作用。As shown in FIG. 4, the cooling mechanism further includes blades 4. The collecting plate 3 is fixed in the grinding tool 1, that is, the nest drill, and corresponding to the position below the water inlet 2. The top of the manifold 3 is provided with a connecting structure 8 which passes upwards through the water inlet 2 along the axial direction of the grinding tool 1 and then connects to the grinding equipment, namely the main shaft of the drilling machine. Realize the rotation of the nesting drill 1. The blades 4 are provided with a number of them, which are distributed on the collecting plate 3 and form a vortex with the rotation of the nest drill 1. Preferably, the blades 4 are spirally arranged, and the spiral directions of all the blades 4 are the same. The spirally arranged blades 4 can enhance the vortex effect that occurs after rotation, thereby increasing the adsorption force of sucking the cooling water from the water inlet. When the nesting drill 1 rotates to process the material, the collecting plate 3 and the blade 4 will rotate synchronously. Because the blade 4 is designed to be spirally arranged at a preset angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the rotation of the blade 4 drives the air in the water inlet 2. A vortex that pushes the cooling water tool is formed below, so that the cooling water can smoothly pass through the airflow barrier formed by the high-speed rotation at the water inlet 2, and suck the cooling water into the jacket drill 1 (the rotation of the collecting plate 3 can also suck in the cooling Water), to realize the cooling water liquid can enter through the water inlet 2 smoothly and cool the grinding surface even when the nest drill 1 rotates at a high speed, so as to ensure that the nest drill 1 can be cooled in the whole process when the nest drill 1 rotates at a high speed. In addition, the manifold 3 can axially block the cooling water entering the grinding tool 1 to prevent the cooling water from axially penetrating the grinding tool 1 and unable to cool the grinding surface, and will dissipate the atomized cooling water confluence by the rotation of the grinding tool . In the present invention, the water inlet 2 can be designed into a circular 360-degree barrier-free form through the above-mentioned confluence plate 3 and blades 4, and the outlet pipe port for cooling water supply can penetrate into the grinding tool 1 through the water inlet 2 and directly enter the base body. Inner cavity, thereby breaking the airflow barrier at the water inlet 2. In the prior art, by drilling through holes in the base of the grinding tool, cooling water is poured on the surface of the base and then enters the inner cavity of the base through the through holes for external cooling, regardless of whether the through holes are provided on the upper end surface or the outer circumference of the base. The outlet pipe of the cooling water supply can not enter the inner cavity of the base body. The reason is that if the outlet pipe extends from the through hole to the inner cavity, the grinding tool must rotate with the outlet pipe. This is an internal cooling structure. concept. The present invention realizes the cooling effect of the internal cooling mode through the "external cooling" structure.

所述叶片4在所述汇流盘3上的分布方式如下：分布在所述汇流盘3顶部外周一圈。对应上述叶片4的分布方式，利用与叶片4一一对应的固定螺钉6，将汇流盘3和叶片4固定在套料钻1内，即将固定螺钉6从上至下依次穿过所述套料钻1顶部对应进水口2外周的侧壁、对应的所述叶片4以及所述汇流盘3。因此，叶片4除了吸水的功能之外，其还用做将汇流盘3固定到磨削工具上的连接件。The distribution of the blades 4 on the collecting plate 3 is as follows: distributed on the outer circumference of the top of the collecting plate 3. Corresponding to the above-mentioned distribution of the blades 4, the manifold 3 and the blades 4 are fixed in the nest drill 1 with the fixing screws 6 corresponding to the blades 4 one-to-one, that is, the fixing screws 6 pass through the nest in turn from top to bottom The top of the drill 1 corresponds to the side wall of the outer circumference of the water inlet 2, the corresponding blade 4 and the collecting plate 3. Therefore, in addition to the function of absorbing water, the blade 4 is also used as a connecting member for fixing the manifold 3 to the grinding tool.

所述汇流盘3的外周边缘向外延伸到靠近所述套料钻1内壁的位置处，进而在所述汇流盘3与所述套料钻1内壁之间形成限制冷却水沿着所述套料钻1内壁向下流动的导流缝隙7。冷却水吸入套料钻1内后进入到磨削工具内腔并汇流到汇流盘3上，在汇流盘3上将受到叶片4的推动和离心力等多重作用，致使冷却水朝汇流盘3的外周即磨削工具1的内壁移动，不易朝上经进水口2甩出套料钻1外。在导流缝隙7的作用下，移动到磨削工具的内壁的冷却水沿着内壁向下流动，最后在冷却水的压力、重力及离心力的作用下经套料钻1底部的磨削面甩出，起到内冷方式的冷却作用，并且增加冷却水与套料钻1的接触面积，提高冷却水的利用率。The outer peripheral edge of the collecting plate 3 extends outward to a position close to the inner wall of the casing drill 1, thereby forming a restrictive cooling water between the collecting plate 3 and the inner wall of the casing drill 1 along the casing. The diversion gap 7 through which the inner wall of the material drill 1 flows downward. The cooling water is sucked into the drill 1 and enters the inner cavity of the grinding tool and converges on the collecting plate 3. On the collecting plate 3, it will be pushed by the blades 4 and the centrifugal force, etc., causing the cooling water to flow toward the outer periphery of the collecting plate 3. That is, the inner wall of the grinding tool 1 moves, and it is not easy to throw upwards through the water inlet 2 out of the nest drill 1. Under the action of the guide gap 7, the cooling water moving to the inner wall of the grinding tool flows down along the inner wall, and finally is thrown by the grinding surface at the bottom of the nest drill 1 under the action of the pressure, gravity and centrifugal force of the cooling water. Out, it plays the role of internal cooling, and increases the contact area between the cooling water and the nest drill 1, and improves the utilization rate of the cooling water.

所述汇流盘3与所述进水口2同轴设置，并且所述汇流盘3的径向尺寸大于所述进水口2的径向尺寸，进而在所述套料钻1顶部对应所述进水口2外周的侧壁与所述汇流盘3之间形成临时储存冷却水的储水区5。被叶片4吸入的冷却水会先临时储存在储水区5内，储水区5为冷却水提供一个临时储存的腔体，避免进入的冷却水因为不能储存而随着套料钻1的转动又从进水口2倒流出去，有利于将雾化态水汇流和最终提高进水量。The collecting plate 3 is arranged coaxially with the water inlet 2, and the radial size of the collecting plate 3 is larger than the radial size of the water inlet 2, and then the top of the nest drill 1 corresponds to the water inlet 2 A water storage area 5 for temporarily storing cooling water is formed between the outer peripheral side wall and the collecting plate 3. The cooling water sucked by the blades 4 will be temporarily stored in the water storage area 5. The water storage area 5 provides a temporary storage cavity for the cooling water to avoid entering the cooling water because it cannot be stored and will follow the rotation of the nest drill 1 It flows back from the water inlet 2 again, which is conducive to confluence of the atomized water and ultimately increases the water inflow.

实施例二Example two

如图28-29所示，目前磨削工具如杯形砂轮，杯形砂轮中设有分流罩，图29给出了冷却水的流动示意，冷却水从杯形砂轮的进水***入，由于杯形砂轮高速旋转，环绕砂轮内外壁及端面会形成“气流屏障”，其在杯形砂轮1的底面和内壁交汇处形成“气流屏障薄弱区”，而在砂轮的端口区域形成“气流屏障雄厚区”。经分流罩出水口向杯形砂轮内壁喷射的冷却水，一部分冷却水在穿越“气流屏障”时，将被气流“雾化”；一部分冷却水打在砂轮内壁造成喷溅而将被气流冲散，在“气流屏障”冲散、“雾化”的作用下，使部分冷却水离散、失效，大大降低冷却水进入杯形砂轮磨削面的量，使磨削面供水不足，从而无法保证加工过程中的全面冷却。As shown in Figure 28-29, the current grinding tool is a cup-shaped grinding wheel, which is equipped with a shunt cover. Figure 29 shows the flow of cooling water. The cooling water is injected from the water inlet of the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The cup-shaped grinding wheel rotates at a high speed, and an "air barrier" is formed around the inner and outer walls and end surfaces of the grinding wheel, which forms an "air barrier weak area" at the intersection of the bottom surface and the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 1, and a "strong air barrier" is formed at the port area of the grinding wheel. Area". Part of the cooling water sprayed to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel through the water outlet of the split hood will be "atomized" by the airflow when passing through the "air barrier"; part of the cooling water hits the inner wall of the grinding wheel, causing splashing and will be dispersed by the airflow , Under the action of "air flow barrier" to disperse and "atomize", part of the cooling water is separated and invalidated, which greatly reduces the amount of cooling water entering the grinding surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, resulting in insufficient water supply for the grinding surface, which makes it impossible to guarantee the processing Full cooling in the process.

下面具体说明本发明的冷却机构。本实施例中磨削工具1为杯形砂轮。The cooling mechanism of the present invention will be specifically described below. In this embodiment, the grinding tool 1 is a cup-shaped grinding wheel.

如图5-14所示，冷却机构还包括若干个叶片4；所述磨削工具1中部开设敞口区域，其底面中心处设有用于连接外部设备的设备孔9，所述磨削工具1外周的环端面为磨削面，所述汇流盘3设置在所述磨削工具1的敞口区域内，且与所述磨削工具1的底面可拆卸连接，所述汇流盘3包括第一盘体301以及用于供冷却水进入所述磨削工具1内的进水孔10，所述第一盘体301的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具1的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第一盘体301的中心处设有与所述设备孔9同轴的所述进水孔10，所述第一盘体301从所述进水孔10至所述磨削工具1侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向倾斜设置，形成环形倾斜面结构，所述第一盘体301的外边缘与所述磨削工具1的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙；所述若干个叶片4位于所述第一盘体301与所述磨削工具1底面之间，并沿周向间隔排列在所述第一盘体301上，所述若干个叶片4将缝隙分割为多个汇流通道。As shown in Figures 5-14, the cooling mechanism also includes several blades 4; the grinding tool 1 has an open area in the middle, and the center of the bottom surface is provided with an equipment hole 9 for connecting external equipment. The grinding tool 1 The ring end surface of the outer circumference is a grinding surface. The manifold 3 is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool 1 and is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the grinding tool 1. The manifold 3 includes a first The disc body 301 and the water inlet hole 10 for cooling water to enter the grinding tool 1, the outer edge of the first disc body 301 extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool 1, The water inlet hole 10 coaxial with the equipment hole 9 is provided at the center of the first disc body 301, and the first disc body 301 extends from the water inlet hole 10 to the grinding tool 1 side The direction of the intersection of the wall and the bottom surface is obliquely arranged to form an annular inclined surface structure, and a gap for cooling water is left between the outer edge of the first plate body 301 and the side wall and bottom surface of the grinding tool 1; The plurality of blades 4 are located between the first disk body 301 and the bottom surface of the grinding tool 1, and are arranged on the first disk body 301 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of blades 4 divide the gap For multiple confluence channels.

应理解地，如图6所示，所述第一盘体301的外边缘比内边缘更靠近于杯形砂轮的底面。It should be understood that, as shown in FIG. 6, the outer edge of the first disc body 301 is closer to the bottom surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel than the inner edge.

应理解地，与杯形砂轮基体之间的间隙，构成汇流通道，也称为汇流作用区，汇流作用区含有流水、水珠，流水、水珠经过汇流作用区，到达汇流通道时，大量的水珠被汇集成水流，水流经离心力的作用，成为水束(束流)，水束是指沿着内壁流动的水。It should be understood that the gap between the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the base of the grinding wheel constitutes a confluence channel, also called a confluence zone. The confluence zone contains flowing water and water drops. When the flowing water and water drop pass through the confluence zone and reach the confluence channel, a large amount of The water droplets are collected into a water stream, and the water flows through the centrifugal force to become a water beam (bundle), which refers to the water flowing along the inner wall.

杯形砂轮在高速旋转的过程中，汇流盘3和若干个叶片4使供给的冷却水束迅速贴向杯形砂轮内壁，能够对杯形砂轮内的冷却水加压和加速，利于冷却水束经“气流屏障薄弱区”穿越“气流屏障”区域，同时减少冷却水束撞击内壁的喷溅，气流挡圈11降低气流隔离通道的冷却水受到气流的影响，防止冷却水离散、失效，极大地提高冷却水进入杯形砂轮磨削面的量，从而保证加工过程中的全面冷却。In the process of high-speed rotation of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, the confluence plate 3 and several blades 4 make the supplied cooling water jets quickly adhere to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, which can pressurize and accelerate the cooling water in the cup-shaped grinding wheel, which is conducive to the cooling water jets. Passing through the "air barrier" area through the "air barrier weak area", while reducing the spray of the cooling water jet hitting the inner wall, the air flow retaining ring 11 reduces the cooling water of the air flow isolation channel from being affected by the air flow, preventing the cooling water from scattering and failing, greatly Increase the amount of cooling water that enters the grinding surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel to ensure complete cooling during the machining process.

如图10、13所示，所述若干个叶片4分别从所述进水孔10至所述第一盘体301外边缘的方向径向延伸，且与所述第一盘体301一体成型。As shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, the plurality of blades 4 respectively extend radially from the water inlet 10 to the outer edge of the first disk body 301, and are integrally formed with the first disk body 301.

叶片4设置在汇流盘体上，杯形轮转动时，叶片4改变冷却水的方向，将冷却水从进水孔10处推向砂轮内壁，推向内壁的冷却水才能有效的被离心力作用，贴向内壁的冷却水沿内壁或经水槽继而对磨削面实施冷却作用，实现从杯形轮的内径至外径方向供水，确保磨削面的全面冷却。The blades 4 are arranged on the confluence disc body. When the cup wheel rotates, the blades 4 change the direction of the cooling water and push the cooling water from the water inlet 10 to the inner wall of the grinding wheel. The cooling water pushed to the inner wall can be effectively acted on by the centrifugal force. The cooling water adhering to the inner wall cools the grinding surface along the inner wall or through the water tank, realizing the water supply from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the cup wheel, and ensuring the overall cooling of the grinding surface.

如图11所示，所述若干个叶片4的延长线均不经过所述第一盘体301的圆心，形成涡流状。As shown in FIG. 11, none of the extension lines of the plurality of blades 4 pass through the center of the first disk body 301 and form a vortex shape.

另一种情况为：如图12所示，若干个叶片4的延长线均经过所述第一盘体301的圆心，形成星射状。涡流状的叶片4以及星射状的叶片4对冷却水进行推动，有助于冲破“气流屏障”的阻碍，有效贴紧杯形砂轮的内壁，提高冷却水的有效率。Another situation is: as shown in FIG. 12, the extension lines of several blades 4 all pass through the center of the first disk body 301 to form a star shape. The vortex-shaped blades 4 and the star-shaped blades 4 push the cooling water, which helps to break through the obstacles of the "air barrier", effectively stick to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and improve the cooling water efficiency.

如图8所示，还包括气流挡圈11，所述气流挡圈11环绕一周的设置在所述第一盘体301上表面的外边缘处，所述气流挡圈11和所述磨削工具1(杯形砂轮)的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。As shown in FIG. 8, it also includes an airflow retaining ring 11, the airflow retaining ring 11 is arranged at the outer edge of the upper surface of the first disk body 301 in a circle, the airflow retaining ring 11 and the grinding tool 1 (cup-shaped grinding wheel) is formed between the inner walls of the airflow isolation channel for isolating the airflow.

如图8所示，所述气流挡圈11平行于所述磨削工具1侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。As shown in FIG. 8, the airflow retaining ring 11 is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool 1 and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.

如图14所示，所述气流挡圈11由外至内沿杯形砂轮侧壁向底面方向倾斜。As shown in Fig. 14, the airflow retaining ring 11 is inclined from the outside to the inside along the side wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel toward the bottom surface.

具体地，气流挡圈11可以是平行于杯形砂轮内壁设置，也可以是倾斜设置。Specifically, the airflow retaining ring 11 may be arranged parallel to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, or may be arranged obliquely.

如图6、14所示，气流挡圈11能够隔离“气流隔离通道(图14中B所示)”，并使冷却水形成水束，在离心力的作用下，使水束贴着杯形砂轮内壁行走，防止冷却水离散、失效。As shown in Figures 6 and 14, the air flow retaining ring 11 can isolate the "air separation channel (shown in Figure 14 B)", and make the cooling water form a water jet, which is pressed against the cup-shaped grinding wheel under the action of centrifugal force Walk on the inner wall to prevent the cooling water from scattering and failing.

如图8-9所示，还包括圆形的连接盘12，其中心处设有用于连接外部设备的连接孔，所述连接孔与所述设备孔9同轴设置，所述若干个叶片4底面设有缺口，各个所述缺口从所述叶片4的内侧壁向外延伸至靠近外侧壁的位置，并沿周向形成圆形槽体，所述连接盘12置于所述圆形槽体内。As shown in Figures 8-9, it also includes a circular connecting plate 12 with a connecting hole for connecting external equipment at its center. The connecting hole is coaxially arranged with the equipment hole 9, and the plurality of blades 4 The bottom surface is provided with notches, and each of the notches extends outward from the inner side wall of the blade 4 to a position close to the outer side wall, and forms a circular groove body along the circumferential direction, and the connecting disc 12 is placed in the circular groove body .

连接盘12能够加强杯形砂轮和汇流盘3的连接，防止脱落。The connecting plate 12 can strengthen the connection between the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the confluence plate 3 and prevent it from falling off.

进一步，还包括主轴螺丝13，所述主轴螺丝13依次贯穿所述连接盘12的连接孔和所述磨削工具1的设备孔9并与外部设备的主轴14螺纹连接。Furthermore, it also includes a spindle screw 13 which penetrates the connecting hole of the connecting plate 12 and the equipment hole 9 of the grinding tool 1 in sequence and is threadedly connected with the spindle 14 of an external device.

具体地，如图6所示，另一种连接方式为，不使用连接盘12，在连接盘3采用垫圈替换，所述主轴螺丝4依次贯穿垫圈和杯形砂轮的设备孔9并与外部设备的主轴14螺纹连接。Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, another connection method is to use a washer instead of the connecting plate 12 instead of the connecting plate 3. The spindle screw 4 sequentially penetrates the washer and the device hole 9 of the cup-shaped grinding wheel and connects to the external device. The spindle 14 is threaded.

应理解地，采用垫圈的方式，叶片4上不设置缺口，叶片4抵在杯形砂轮的底面处。能够快速且牢固的将连接盘12和杯形砂轮与外部设备的主轴14连为一体。It should be understood that, in the manner of a washer, no notch is provided on the blade 4, and the blade 4 abuts against the bottom surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The connecting disc 12 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel can be quickly and firmly connected to the main shaft 14 of the external device.

还包括叶片连接螺钉15，所述第一盘体301且对应所述叶片4处设有贯穿的叶片螺孔16，所述磨削工具1上对应所述叶片螺孔16处设有螺钉槽，所述螺钉槽内设有内螺纹，所述叶片连接螺钉15贯穿所述叶片螺孔16并与所述螺钉槽螺纹连接，将所述磨削工具1和汇流盘3连接为一体。It also includes a blade connecting screw 15. The first disk body 301 is provided with a blade screw hole 16 corresponding to the blade 4, and a screw groove is provided on the grinding tool 1 corresponding to the blade screw hole 16, and An internal thread is provided in the screw groove, and the blade connecting screw 15 penetrates the blade screw hole 16 and is threadedly connected with the screw groove to connect the grinding tool 1 and the collecting plate 3 as a whole.

具体地，当不设置连接盘12时，连接方式为：所述叶片4抵在所述杯形砂轮的底面处，所述第一盘体301且对应所述叶片4处设有贯穿的螺孔，杯形砂轮上对应叶片螺孔处设有螺钉槽，所述螺钉槽内设有内螺纹，所述叶片连接螺钉15贯穿叶片螺孔并与所述螺钉槽螺纹连接，将杯形砂轮和汇流盘连接为一体。所述叶片连接螺钉15可设置多个，环绕一周的分布在其中的若干个叶片4处。Specifically, when the connecting disc 12 is not provided, the connection method is as follows: the blade 4 abuts against the bottom surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and the first disc body 301 is provided with a through screw hole corresponding to the blade 4 The cup-shaped grinding wheel is provided with a screw groove corresponding to the screw hole of the blade, and the screw groove is provided with an internal thread. The blade connecting screw 15 penetrates the blade screw hole and is threadedly connected with the screw groove to connect the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the confluence The disc is connected as a whole. The blade connecting screw 15 can be provided in multiples, which are distributed around several blades 4 in a circle.

可见，本实施例中，叶片4既是能够对冷却水进行推动的部件，也是用于连接杯形砂轮(基体)的部件。It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the blade 4 is not only a component capable of pushing cooling water, but also a component for connecting the cup-shaped grinding wheel (base body).

具体地，当设置汇流盘3时，本冷却结构还包括连接盘连接螺钉，连接方式为：汇流盘3上设有螺孔，所述叶片4上设有螺钉槽，所述连接盘连接螺钉贯穿所述连接盘3的螺孔并与所述螺钉槽螺纹连接，将所述连接盘3和叶片4连接为一体。所述汇流盘连接螺钉可设置多个，环绕一周的分布在其中的若干个叶片4处。Specifically, when the collecting plate 3 is provided, the cooling structure further includes connecting plate connecting screws, and the connection method is: a screw hole is provided on the collecting plate 3, a screw groove is provided on the blade 4, and the connecting plate connecting screw penetrates The screw hole of the connecting plate 3 is threadedly connected with the screw groove, and the connecting plate 3 and the blade 4 are connected as a whole. The connecting screws of the manifold can be provided in multiples, which are distributed around several blades 4 in a circle.

具体地，设置有螺钉槽的叶片4比没有设置螺钉槽的叶片4的厚度厚一些，能够防止设置有螺钉槽的叶片4断裂。Specifically, the blade 4 provided with the screw groove is thicker than the blade 4 without the screw groove, which can prevent the blade 4 provided with the screw groove from breaking.

能够在高速旋转砂轮时，防止各部件之间脱离。It can prevent the parts from separating when rotating the grinding wheel at high speed.

如图14所示，本发明中的汇流盘3代替设置在传统的杯形砂轮中的分流罩101，在杯形砂轮超高速转动中，对于提升磨削面的工作状态，比分流罩101存在更大的意义：As shown in Figure 14, the manifold 3 in the present invention replaces the shunt cover 101 provided in the traditional cup-shaped grinding wheel. During the ultra-high-speed rotation of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, it is better than the shunt cover 101 to improve the working state of the grinding surface. Greater significance:

能够使冷却水强力推进：汇流盘3的叶片4呈星射状或涡流状，将冷却水在气流屏障最弱的地方，强力将冷却水推进到杯形砂轮内壁，并使冷却水贴合到内壁，最大化的借助离心力(最小的受到气流影响)沿内壁或通水槽继而作用于磨削面。The cooling water can be pushed strongly: the blades 4 of the confluence plate 3 are star-shaped or vortex-shaped, and the cooling water is placed in the weakest part of the air barrier, and the cooling water is forced to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and the cooling water is attached to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The inner wall maximizes the use of centrifugal force (the least affected by the airflow) along the inner wall or the water channel and then acts on the grinding surface.

能够减少降低气流屏障的影响：常规模式的供水方式，其冷却水所处的地方，气流屏障的作用最为强烈，也就是造成冷却水有效率降低、影响最大的弊端；汇流盘3能够打破这一瓶颈，将冷却水在气流屏障薄弱区(图14中A所示)输入到了有利于杯形砂轮冷却的区域，气流挡圈11降低气流隔离通道的冷却水受到气流的影响，而起到束流态的水，贴合内壁且在离心力助推下，由内之外作用于磨削区，防止冷却水离散、失效，冷却作用更强烈。It can reduce the impact of airflow barriers: In the conventional water supply mode, where the cooling water is located, the airflow barrier has the strongest effect, which is the disadvantage of reducing the efficiency of the cooling water and having the greatest impact; the manifold 3 can break this Bottleneck, the cooling water is input into the area conducive to the cooling of the cup-shaped grinding wheel in the weak area of the air barrier (shown as A in Figure 14), and the airflow retaining ring 11 reduces the cooling water in the airflow isolation channel from being affected by the airflow, and acts as a beam flow. The state of water adheres to the inner wall and acts on the grinding area from the inside and outside with the aid of centrifugal force, preventing the cooling water from scattering and failing, and the cooling effect is stronger.

能够提高冷却水利用率：传统的杯形砂轮中的冷却水为喷射方式，冷却水被雾化的比例更高；而汇流盘3与杯形砂轮之间的间隙形成汇流通道，改变冷却水的流动路径，并使冷却水呈束流态，被雾化的比例更低，从而提高了冷却水利用率。The cooling water utilization rate can be improved: the cooling water in the traditional cup-shaped grinding wheel is sprayed, and the cooling water is atomized at a higher proportion; and the gap between the collecting plate 3 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel forms a confluence channel, which changes the cooling water Flow path, and make the cooling water in a stream state, the proportion of being atomized is lower, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling water.

实施例三Example three

如图15-16所示，冷却机构还包括若干个叶轮30；所述磨削工具1的底端开设敞口区域，环绕所述磨削工具1底端的外边缘一周为磨削面，所述磨削工具1的顶端中心处设有连接块17，所述连接块17为圆柱体形，所述磨削工具1的顶端环绕所述连接块17一周的开设有环形镂空区域19，所述若干个叶轮30置于所述环形镂空区域19内且横跨连接在所述磨削工具1顶端外边缘与所述连接块17之间，所述若干个叶轮30沿所述连接块17的周向且间隔分布；As shown in Figures 15-16, the cooling mechanism also includes several impellers 30; the bottom end of the grinding tool 1 is provided with an open area, and the outer edge around the bottom end of the grinding tool 1 is a grinding surface. A connecting block 17 is provided at the center of the top end of the grinding tool 1, and the connecting block 17 is cylindrical. The top end of the grinding tool 1 surrounds the connecting block 17 and is provided with an annular hollow area 19, the plurality of The impeller 30 is placed in the annular hollow area 19 and is connected across the outer edge of the top end of the grinding tool 1 and the connecting block 17. The plurality of impellers 30 extend along the circumference of the connecting block 17. Interval distribution

所述汇流盘3设置在所述磨削工具1的敞口区域内，所述汇流盘3包括与所述连接块17同轴的连接柱18和第二盘体302，所述连接柱18为下端敞口的中空圆柱体形，所述连接柱18的上端可拆卸的连接在所述连接块17的底面，所述第二盘体302环绕一周的设置在所述连接柱18的外周，且所述第二盘体302的内边缘与所述连接柱18底端的外壁一体成型，所述第二盘体302的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具1的侧壁处，形成环形面结构，所述第二盘体302的外边缘与所述磨削工具1的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙。The collecting plate 3 is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool 1, and the collecting plate 3 includes a connecting column 18 coaxial with the connecting block 17 and a second plate body 302, and the connecting column 18 is A hollow cylinder shape with an open lower end, the upper end of the connecting column 18 is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the connecting block 17, the second plate 302 is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting column 18 in a circle, and The inner edge of the second disc body 302 is integrally formed with the outer wall of the bottom end of the connecting column 18, and the outer edge of the second disc body 302 extends to the side wall of the grinding tool 1 to form an annular surface structure. There are gaps between the outer edge of the second plate body 302 and the side wall and bottom surface of the grinding tool 1 for cooling water to circulate.

杯形砂轮高速旋转，若干个叶轮30产生推力将注入的冷却水吸入杯形砂轮的腔体内，汇流盘3防止冷却水从底部直接穿越，在汇流盘3的作用下，改变进入内腔的冷却水的流动路径，绝大部分水流都被逼迫流经杯形砂轮的内壁，受离心力的作用，再由内径至外径沿杯形砂轮上的磨削面(或水槽)实施冷却，提高冷却水的利用率，冷却效果大幅度提高，且有助于排屑，利于大量的冷却水束经“气流屏障薄弱区”穿越“气流屏障”区域，有效弱化了“气流屏障”的负面作用，实现外冷转内冷模式，实现全磨削面的全程冷却。The cup-shaped grinding wheel rotates at high speed. Several impellers 30 generate thrust to suck the injected cooling water into the cavity of the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The confluence plate 3 prevents the cooling water from directly passing through the bottom. Under the action of the confluence plate 3, the cooling into the cavity is changed. In the flow path of water, most of the water flow is forced to flow through the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is cooled along the grinding surface (or water tank) on the cup-shaped grinding wheel from the inner diameter to the outer diameter to increase the cooling water. The cooling effect is greatly improved, and it is helpful for chip removal, which is conducive to a large amount of cooling water jets passing through the "air barrier" area through the "air barrier weak area", which effectively weakens the negative effect of the "air barrier" and realizes external Cold-to-inner cooling mode realizes the full cooling of the fully ground surface.

如图17-20所示，所述第二盘体302的外边缘水平延伸至所述磨削工具1的侧壁处，呈环形平面状。As shown in Figs. 17-20, the outer edge of the second disc body 302 extends horizontally to the side wall of the grinding tool 1, and is in the shape of an annular plane.

第二盘体302防止冷却水从底部直接穿越，改变冷却水的路径，使大量的冷却水逼迫流经砂轮的内壁，提高冷却水的利用率。The second plate body 302 prevents the cooling water from directly passing through the bottom, and changes the path of the cooling water, so that a large amount of cooling water is forced to flow through the inner wall of the grinding wheel, and the utilization rate of the cooling water is improved.

如图21-24所示，所述第二盘体302的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具1的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第二盘体302从所述连接柱18至所述磨削工具1的侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向向上倾斜设置，呈环形倾斜面状。As shown in Figures 21-24, the outer edge of the second disc body 302 extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool 1, and the second disc body 302 extends from the connecting post 18 to the The direction of the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool 1 is inclined upward and is in the shape of an annular inclined surface.

环形倾斜面状的第二盘体302能够减少冷却水束撞击内壁的喷溅，极大地提高冷却水进入杯形砂轮磨削面的量。The annular inclined surface of the second disk body 302 can reduce the spray of the cooling water jet hitting the inner wall, and greatly increase the amount of cooling water entering the grinding surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

如图25-27所示，所述汇流盘3还包括气流挡环20，所述气流挡环20环绕一周的设置在所述第二盘体302的外边缘处，所述气流挡环20和所述磨削工具1的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。As shown in Figures 25-27, the manifold plate 3 further includes an airflow baffle ring 20, which is arranged around the outer edge of the second plate body 302, and the airflow baffle ring 20 and An airflow isolation channel for isolating airflow is formed between the inner walls of the grinding tool 1.

气流挡环20降低气流隔离通道的冷却水受到气流的影响，防止冷却水离散、失效，从而保证加工过程中的全面冷却。The air flow baffle ring 20 reduces the cooling water in the air flow isolation channel from being affected by the air flow, prevents the cooling water from being scattered and ineffective, thereby ensuring complete cooling during processing.

具体地，所述气流挡环20平行于所述磨削工具1侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。Specifically, the airflow baffle ring 20 is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool 1 and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.

具体地，所述气流挡环20从上至下向靠近所述磨削工具1侧壁的方向倾斜。Specifically, the airflow baffle ring 20 is inclined from top to bottom in a direction close to the side wall of the grinding tool 1.

具体地，所述气流挡环20可以是平行于杯形砂轮内壁设置，也可以是倾斜设置。Specifically, the air flow baffle ring 20 may be arranged parallel to the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, or may be arranged obliquely.

倾斜设置的气流挡环20能够隔离“气流隔离通道(图26中B所示)”，并使冷却水形成水束，在离心力的作用下，使水束贴着砂轮内壁行走，防止冷却水离散、失效。The obliquely arranged air baffle ring 20 can isolate the "air isolation channel (shown in B in Figure 26)" and make the cooling water form a water jet. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water jet will walk against the inner wall of the grinding wheel to prevent the cooling water from dispersing , Invalidation.

第二盘体302和气流挡环20的设置：The arrangement of the second plate body 302 and the air baffle ring 20:

能够减少降低气流屏障的影响：常规模式的供水方式，其冷却水所处的地方，气流屏障的作用最为强烈，也就是造成冷却水有效率降低、影响最大的弊端；汇流盘3能够打破这一瓶颈，将冷却水在气流屏障薄弱区(图26中A所示)输入到了有利于杯形砂轮冷却的区域，气流挡环20降低气流隔离通道的冷却水受到气流的影响，而起到束流态的水，贴合内壁且在离心力助推下，由内之外作用于磨削区，防止冷却水离散、失效，冷却作用更强烈。It can reduce the impact of airflow barriers: In the conventional water supply mode, where the cooling water is located, the airflow barrier has the strongest effect, which is the disadvantage of reducing the efficiency of the cooling water and having the greatest impact; the manifold 3 can break this The bottleneck, the cooling water is input into the area conducive to the cooling of the cup-shaped grinding wheel in the weak area of the air barrier (shown as A in Fig. 26). The air baffle ring 20 reduces the influence of the air flow on the cooling water in the air flow isolation channel and acts as a beam flow. The state of water adheres to the inner wall and acts on the grinding area from the inside and outside with the aid of centrifugal force, preventing the cooling water from scattering and failing, and the cooling effect is stronger.

如图27所示，还包括主轴连接螺钉21；所述连接块17的顶端和所述连接柱18的中心处设置同轴的主轴螺孔，所述主轴连接螺钉21由下至上依次贯穿所述连接柱18和所述连接块17的主轴螺孔并与外部设备的主轴螺纹连接，将所述汇流盘3和所述磨削工具1锁紧在所述外部设备上。As shown in Figure 27, it also includes a spindle connecting screw 21; the top of the connecting block 17 and the center of the connecting column 18 are provided with a coaxial spindle screw hole, and the spindle connecting screw 21 sequentially penetrates the The connecting post 18 and the spindle screw hole of the connecting block 17 are threadedly connected with the spindle of an external device, and the manifold 3 and the grinding tool 1 are locked on the external device.

主轴连接螺钉21能够将汇流盘3和杯形砂轮一并安装在外部设备上。The spindle connecting screw 21 can install the manifold 3 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel on an external device together.

如图27所示，还包括多个叶片4，所述多个叶片4位于所述汇流盘3的第二盘体302与磨削工具1(杯形砂轮)顶面之间，多个叶片4沿周向间隔排列在所述第二盘体302上，多个叶片4将第二盘体302与磨削工具1(杯形砂轮)之间的缝隙分割为多个汇流通道。As shown in FIG. 27, it also includes a plurality of blades 4, the plurality of blades 4 are located between the second disk body 302 of the confluence disk 3 and the top surface of the grinding tool 1 (cup-shaped grinding wheel), the plurality of blades 4 Arranged on the second disc body 302 at intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of blades 4 divide the gap between the second disc body 302 and the grinding tool 1 (cup-shaped grinding wheel) into a plurality of confluence channels.

经过测试，单一叶片4吸入冷却水的利用率，只有27％，而在若干个叶片4和所述汇流盘3的第二盘体302共同作用下，能达到90％以上。After testing, the utilization rate of the cooling water sucked by a single blade 4 is only 27%, and under the combined action of several blades 4 and the second disk body 302 of the collecting disk 3, it can reach more than 90%.

实施例三中叶轮30的作用主要为：能够产生推力将注入的冷却水吸入杯形砂轮的腔体内。The main function of the impeller 30 in the third embodiment is to generate thrust to suck the injected cooling water into the cavity of the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

实施例三中多个叶片4的作用主要为：能够起径向推力，将冷却水推向杯形砂轮的外壁。The function of the multiple blades 4 in the third embodiment is mainly to act as a radial thrust to push the cooling water to the outer wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

实施例三中冷却结构总体优点是：The overall advantages of the cooling structure in the third embodiment are:

1、能够适合各种转速，并随转速的增大而提高冷却水进入到砂轮内腔的比率，大大提高冷却水的利用率。1. It can be suitable for various speeds, and with the increase of speed, the ratio of cooling water into the cavity of the grinding wheel is increased, which greatly improves the utilization rate of cooling water.

2、实现外冷转内冷模式，实现全磨削面的全程冷却。2. Realize the mode of external cooling to internal cooling, realizing the full cooling of the whole grinding surface.

3、有效弱化了“气流屏障”的负面作用。3. Effectively weaken the negative effect of the "air flow barrier".

4、汇流盘倾斜设置形成环形倾斜面结构、离心力及叶片、叶轮推力的多重作用下，有助于冷却水汇流成束并加速冲破“气流屏障”的影响，大大提高了冷却水的有效率。4. The slanting arrangement of the confluence plate forms an annular inclined surface structure, and the multiple effects of centrifugal force and blade and impeller thrust help the cooling water to converge into a bundle and accelerate the impact of breaking through the "air barrier", greatly improving the effectiveness of the cooling water.

5、有助于排屑。5. Contribute to chip removal.

6、由于进入内腔的冷却水，绝大部分都被逼迫流经杯形砂轮的内壁，受离心力的作用，再由内径至外径沿水槽或磨削面实施冷却，冷却效果大幅度提高。6. Since most of the cooling water entering the cavity is forced to flow through the inner wall of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, under the action of centrifugal force, it is cooled from the inner diameter to the outer diameter along the water tank or the grinding surface, and the cooling effect is greatly improved.

7、简单易行。7. Simple and easy.

具体地，所述磨削工具1还可以为套料钻、碟形砂轮或环形磨盘。Specifically, the grinding tool 1 may also be a nest drill, a disc-shaped grinding wheel or an annular grinding disc.

实施例四Example four

本发明所述的冷却机构同样可以用于下述能将冷却水分流成两个支路的杯形砂轮中：The cooling mechanism of the present invention can also be used in the following cup-shaped grinding wheels that can flow cooling water into two branches:

如图32-34所示，上述杯形砂轮包括环状的基体24、若干齿片25和分流结构。所述齿片25沿周向间隔排列的固定在所述基体24的一侧形成齿环，所述齿环远离所述基体24的一侧为环形的工作面，并且相邻两个所述齿片25之间隔开形成向所述工作面输送冷却水的通水槽26。所述分流结构固定在所述齿环上并将冷却水分流成两个支路，其中第一支路在所述基体24转动的离心力作用下通过所述通水槽26内部向所述工作面外侧的区域输送冷却水，第二支路在所述基体24转动的离心力作用下通过所述通水槽26外部向所述工作面内侧的区域输送冷却水，并在被加工工件的阻挡下再将冷却水从所述工作面的内侧区域输送至所述工作面的外侧区域。所述分流结构包括外环体27和内环体28。所述外环体27固定在所述齿环的外侧，所述内环体28固定在所述齿环的内侧，在所述内环体28的侧壁上对应所述通水槽26的位置处设有连通所述通水槽26的通水孔29，进而从所述通水孔29经所述通水槽26到所述工作面外侧的区域形成所述第一支路，从所述内环体28的内侧壁到所述工作面内侧的区域形成所述第二支路。As shown in Figs. 32-34, the above-mentioned cup-shaped grinding wheel includes a ring-shaped base 24, a number of toothed pieces 25 and a shunt structure. The tooth pieces 25 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and fixed on one side of the base 24 to form a toothed ring. The side of the toothed ring away from the base 24 is an annular working surface, and two adjacent teeth The fins 25 are spaced apart to form a water channel 26 for conveying cooling water to the working surface. The flow dividing structure is fixed on the gear ring and flows the cooling water into two branches, wherein the first branch passes through the inside of the water channel 26 to the outside of the working surface under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the base body 24 Under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the base body 24, the second branch conveys cooling water to the area inside the working surface through the outside of the water channel 26, and then cools the area under the obstruction of the workpiece Water is transported from the inner area of the working surface to the outer area of the working surface. The shunt structure includes an outer ring body 27 and an inner ring body 28. The outer ring body 27 is fixed on the outer side of the gear ring, and the inner ring body 28 is fixed on the inner side of the gear ring on the side wall of the inner ring body 28 at a position corresponding to the water channel 26 A water passage 29 communicating with the water passage 26 is provided, and the first branch path is formed from the water passage 29 through the water passage 26 to the area outside the working surface, and from the inner ring body The area from the inner side wall of 28 to the inner side of the working surface forms the second branch.

如图35和36所示，齿环固定在本发明所述的冷却机构的底部，冷却机构中的叶片4随着杯形砂轮的转动同样能形成对冷却水具推动作用的涡流，从而助推冷却水能顺利穿过进水口2处因为高速旋转形成的气流屏障。吸入的冷却水汇流到汇流盘3上，在汇流盘3上将受到叶片4的推动和离心力等多重作用，致使冷却水朝汇流盘3的外周并向下沿着齿环的内壁移动，不易朝上经进水口2甩出杯形砂轮外。冷却水到达齿环的内壁后，在杯形砂轮高速转动离心力的作用下，进入齿环内的冷却水被内环体28阻挡，防止冷却水全部进入到通水槽26内。由于在内环体28上设有通水孔29，因此齿环内部的冷却水会分流成两个支路(图34中箭头所示)：As shown in Figures 35 and 36, the gear ring is fixed at the bottom of the cooling mechanism of the present invention. The blades 4 in the cooling mechanism can also form a vortex that pushes the cooling water with the rotation of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, thereby boosting The cooling water can smoothly pass through the airflow barrier formed by the high-speed rotation at the water inlet 2. The sucked cooling water flows to the collecting plate 3, and it will be pushed by the blades 4 and the centrifugal force on the collecting plate 3, causing the cooling water to move toward the outer periphery of the collecting plate 3 and down along the inner wall of the ring gear, and it is not easy to move towards the inner wall of the ring gear. Throw out the cup-shaped grinding wheel from the water inlet 2 on the upper warp. After the cooling water reaches the inner wall of the gear ring, under the action of the centrifugal force of the cup-shaped grinding wheel rotating at high speed, the cooling water entering the gear ring is blocked by the inner ring body 28 to prevent all the cooling water from entering the water passage 26. Since the inner ring body 28 is provided with a water hole 29, the cooling water inside the gear ring will be divided into two branches (shown by the arrow in Figure 34):

第一支路的流动路径为：一部分冷却水由齿环内部经通水孔29进入到通水槽26内，冷却水进入通水槽26内后，其在外环体27的阻挡下贴着外环体27的内壁沿齿环的轴向朝磨削面外侧的区域流动，进而对磨削面外侧的区域进行冷却。The flow path of the first branch is: a part of the cooling water enters the water channel 26 from the inside of the gear ring through the water channel 29. After the cooling water enters the water channel 26, it adheres to the outer ring under the barrier of the outer ring body 27. The inner wall of the body 27 flows toward the area outside the grinding surface along the axial direction of the gear ring, thereby cooling the area outside the grinding surface.

第二支路的流动路径为：在通水孔29限流的作用下，另一部分冷却水贴着内环体28的内壁沿齿环的轴向朝磨削面内侧的区域流动，进而对磨削面内侧的区域进行冷却，并且对工作面内侧的区域进行冷却后再流向磨削面外侧的区域。The flow path of the second branch is: under the effect of the flow restriction of the water passage 29, another part of the cooling water flows against the inner wall of the inner ring body 28 along the axial direction of the gear ring toward the area inside the grinding surface, and then the grinding The area inside the chamfered surface is cooled, and the area inside the working surface is cooled before flowing to the area outside the grinding surface.

以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. Within range.

Claims

一种工具的冷却机构，包括磨削工具(1)；其特征在于，所述磨削工具(1)内设有汇流盘(3)，所述汇流盘(3)随着所述磨削工具(1)转动将外部冷却水吸入所述磨削工具(1)内再汇流，并将汇流后的冷却水径向朝所述磨削工具(1)的内壁输送以使所述冷却水沿着所述磨削工具(1)的内壁流向磨削面。A cooling mechanism for a tool, comprising a grinding tool (1); characterized in that, the grinding tool (1) is provided with a collecting plate (3), and the collecting plate (3) follows the grinding tool (1) Rotate to suck the external cooling water into the grinding tool (1) and then converge, and transport the converged cooling water radially toward the inner wall of the grinding tool (1) so that the cooling water follows The inner wall of the grinding tool (1) flows to the grinding surface.
根据权利要求1所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述磨削工具(1)的顶部设有用于向其内部灌入冷却水的进水口(2)，所述汇流盘(3)固定在所述磨削工具(1)内且对应所述进水口(2)下方的位置处。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the grinding tool (1) is provided with a water inlet (2) for pouring cooling water into the grinding tool (1), and the confluence plate (3) It is fixed in the grinding tool (1) and corresponds to a position below the water inlet (2).
根据权利要求2所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括若干个叶片(4)，其分布在所述汇流盘(3)上并随着所述磨削工具(1)的转动形成将外部冷却水吸入到所述磨削工具(1)内的涡流。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a number of blades (4), which are distributed on the collecting plate (3) and formed with the rotation of the grinding tool (1) The external cooling water is sucked into the vortex in the grinding tool (1).
根据权利要求3所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述叶片(4)分布在所述汇流盘(3)顶部外周一圈。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the blades (4) are distributed on the outer circumference of the top of the collecting plate (3).
根据权利要求4所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括将所述叶片(4)和所述汇流盘(3)固定在所述磨削工具(1)内相应的位置处的固定螺钉(6)，所述固定螺钉(6)与所述叶片(4)一一对应设置；The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a fixing device for fixing the blade (4) and the manifold (3) at corresponding positions in the grinding tool (1) Screws (6), the fixing screws (6) and the blades (4) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence;

所述固定螺钉(6)从上至下依次穿过所述磨削工具(1)顶部对应所述进水口(2)外周的侧壁、对应的所述叶片(4)以及所述汇流盘(3)。The fixing screw (6) passes through the side wall of the top of the grinding tool (1) corresponding to the outer periphery of the water inlet (2), the corresponding blade (4) and the confluence plate ( 3).
根据权利要求2所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述汇流盘(3)的外周边缘向外延伸到靠近所述磨削工具(1)内壁的位置处，在所述汇流盘(3)与所述磨削工具(1)内壁之间形成限制冷却水沿着所述磨削工具(1)内壁向下流动的导流缝隙(7)。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer peripheral edge of the collecting plate (3) extends outward to a position close to the inner wall of the grinding tool (1), and the collecting plate ( 3) A diversion gap (7) is formed between the inner wall of the grinding tool (1) and the cooling water is restricted from flowing downward along the inner wall of the grinding tool (1).
根据权利要求2所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述汇流盘 (3)与所述进水口(2)同轴设置，并且所述汇流盘(3)的径向尺寸大于所述进水口(2)的径向尺寸，在所述磨削工具(1)顶部对应所述进水口(2)外周的侧壁与所述汇流盘(3)之间形成临时储存冷却水的储水区(5)。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the confluence plate (3) is arranged coaxially with the water inlet (2), and the radial dimension of the confluence plate (3) is larger than that of the water inlet (2). The radial dimension of the water inlet (2) forms a water reservoir for temporarily storing cooling water between the side wall corresponding to the outer circumference of the water inlet (2) on the top of the grinding tool (1) and the collecting plate (3) District (5).
根据权利要求3所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述叶片(4)螺旋设置，并且所有所述叶片(4)的螺旋方向相同。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the blades (4) are spirally arranged, and the spiral directions of all the blades (4) are the same.
根据权利要求2所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述汇流盘(3)顶部设有连接结构(8)，所述连接结构(8)沿着所述磨削工具(1)的轴向向上穿过所述进水口(2)后连接磨削设备。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, the top of the manifold (3) is provided with a connecting structure (8), and the connecting structure (8) runs along the grinding tool (1). After passing through the water inlet (2) axially upwards, the grinding equipment is connected.
根据权利要求1所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括若干个叶片(4)；所述磨削工具(1)中部开设敞口区域，其底面中心处设有用于连接外部设备的设备孔(9)，所述磨削工具(1)外周的环端面为磨削面，所述汇流盘(3)设置在所述磨削工具(1)的敞口区域内，且与所述磨削工具(1)的底面可拆卸连接，所述汇流盘(3)包括第一盘体(301)以及用于供冷却水进入所述磨削工具(1)内的进水孔(10)，所述第一盘体(301)的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第一盘体(301)的中心处设有与所述设备孔(9)同轴的所述进水孔(10)，所述第一盘体(301)从所述进水孔(10)至所述磨削工具(1)侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向倾斜设置，形成环形倾斜面结构，所述第一盘体(301)的外边缘与所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙；所述若干个叶片(4)位于所述第一盘体(301)与所述磨削工具(1)底面之间，并沿周向间隔排列在所述第一盘体(301)上，所述若干个叶片(4)将缝隙分割为多个汇流通道。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of blades (4); the grinding tool (1) has an open area in the middle, and the center of the bottom surface is provided with a connection for external equipment Device hole (9), the ring end surface of the outer circumference of the grinding tool (1) is a grinding surface, and the manifold (3) is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool (1) and is in contact with the grinding tool (1). The bottom surface of the grinding tool (1) is detachably connected, and the collecting plate (3) includes a first plate (301) and a water inlet (10) for cooling water to enter the grinding tool (1) , The outer edge of the first disc body (301) extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool (1), and the center of the first disc body (301) is provided with the equipment The water inlet hole (10) is coaxial with the hole (9), and the first plate body (301) is from the water inlet hole (10) to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool (1) Is arranged obliquely in the direction of, forming a ring-shaped inclined surface structure, and a gap for cooling water is left between the outer edge of the first plate (301) and the side wall and bottom surface of the grinding tool (1); A number of blades (4) are located between the first disk body (301) and the bottom surface of the grinding tool (1), and are arranged on the first disk body (301) at intervals along the circumferential direction. A blade (4) divides the gap into a plurality of confluence channels.
根据权利要求10所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述若干个叶片(4)分别从所述进水孔(10)至所述第一盘体(301)外边缘的方向径向延伸，且与所述第一盘体(301)一体成型。The cooling mechanism for a tool according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of blades (4) respectively extend radially from the water inlet (10) to the outer edge of the first disc body (301). It extends and is integrally formed with the first disc body (301).
根据权利要求10所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述若干个叶片(4)的延长线均不经过所述第一盘体(301)的圆心，形成涡流状。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that none of the extension lines of the plurality of blades (4) pass through the center of the first disk body (301), forming a vortex shape.
根据权利要求10所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括气流挡圈(11)，所述气流挡圈(11)环绕一周的设置在所述第一盘体(301)上表面的外边缘处，所述气流挡圈(11)和所述磨削工具(1)的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 10, further comprising an airflow retaining ring (11), the airflow retaining ring (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the first plate body (301) around a circle At the outer edge, an airflow isolation channel for isolating airflow is formed between the airflow retaining ring (11) and the inner wall of the grinding tool (1).
根据权利要求13所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述气流挡圈(11)平行于所述磨削工具(1)侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 13, characterized in that the air flow retaining ring (11) is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool (1) and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.
根据权利要求13所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述气流挡圈(11)由外至内沿所述磨削工具(1)侧壁向底面方向倾斜。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 13, wherein the air flow retaining ring (11) is inclined from the outside to the inside along the side wall of the grinding tool (1) toward the bottom surface.
根据权利要求10所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括圆形的连接盘(12)，其中心处设有用于连接外部设备的连接孔，所述连接孔与所述设备孔(9)同轴设置，所述若干个叶片(4)底面设有缺口，各个所述缺口从所述叶片(4)的内侧壁向外延伸至靠近外侧壁的位置，并沿周向形成圆形槽体，所述连接盘(12)置于所述圆形槽体内。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a circular connecting plate (12), a connecting hole for connecting external equipment is provided in the center, and the connecting hole and the equipment hole ( 9) Coaxially arranged, the bottom surfaces of the several blades (4) are provided with notches, and each of the notches extends from the inner side wall of the blade (4) to a position close to the outer side wall, and forms a circle along the circumferential direction The groove body, the connecting disc (12) is placed in the circular groove body.
根据权利要求16所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括主轴螺丝(13)，所述主轴螺丝(13)依次贯穿所述连接盘(12)的连接孔和所述磨削工具(1)的设备孔(9)并与外部设备的主轴(14)螺纹连接。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises a spindle screw (13), the spindle screw (13) sequentially penetrates the connecting hole of the connecting plate (12) and the grinding tool ( 1) The device hole (9) is screwed with the main shaft (14) of the external device.
根据权利要求10-17任一项所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括叶片连接螺钉(15)，所述第一盘体(301)且对应所述叶片(4)处设有贯穿的叶片螺孔(16)，所述磨削工具(1)上对应所述叶片螺孔(16)处设有螺钉槽，所述螺钉槽内设有内螺纹，所述叶片连接螺钉(15)贯穿所述叶片螺孔(16)并与所述螺钉槽螺纹连接，将所述磨削工具(1)和汇流盘(3)连接为一体。The cooling mechanism for a tool according to any one of claims 10-17, further comprising a blade connecting screw (15), and the first disk body (301) is provided with a corresponding blade (4). There is a through blade screw hole (16), the grinding tool (1) is provided with a screw groove corresponding to the blade screw hole (16), the screw groove is provided with an internal thread, and the blade connecting screw (15) ) Penetrates the blade screw hole (16) and is threadedly connected with the screw groove, and connects the grinding tool (1) and the confluence plate (3) into one body.
根据权利要求1所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括若干个叶轮(30)；所述磨削工具(1)的底端开设敞口区域，环绕所述磨削工具(1)底端的外边缘一周为磨削面，所述磨削工具(1)的顶端中心处设有连接块(17)，所述连接块(17)为圆柱体形，所述磨削工具(1)的顶端环绕所述连接块(17)一周的开设有环形镂空区域(19)，所述若干个叶轮(30)置于所述环形镂空区域(19)内且横跨连接在所述磨削工具(1)顶端外边缘与所述连接块(17)之间，所述若干个叶轮(30)沿所述连接块(17)的周向且间隔分布；The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of impellers (30); the bottom end of the grinding tool (1) is provided with an open area surrounding the grinding tool (1) The outer edge of the bottom end is a grinding surface. The center of the top end of the grinding tool (1) is provided with a connecting block (17), the connecting block (17) is cylindrical, and the grinding tool (1) The top end encircles the connecting block (17) with an annular hollow area (19), and the plurality of impellers (30) are placed in the annular hollow area (19) and connected across the grinding tool ( 1) Between the outer edge of the top end and the connecting block (17), the several impellers (30) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the connecting block (17);

所述汇流盘(3)设置在所述磨削工具(1)的敞口区域内，所述汇流盘(3)包括与所述连接块(17)同轴的连接柱(18)和第二盘体(302)，所述连接柱(18)为下端敞口的中空圆柱体形，所述连接柱(18)的上端可拆卸的连接在所述连接块(17)的底面，所述第二盘体(302)环绕一周的设置在所述连接柱(18)的外周，且所述第二盘体(302)的内边缘与所述连接柱(18)底端的外壁一体成型，所述第二盘体(302)的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁处，形成环形面结构，所述第二盘体(302)的外边缘与所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁及底面之间留有供冷却水流通的缝隙。The collecting plate (3) is arranged in the open area of the grinding tool (1), and the collecting plate (3) includes a connecting column (18) coaxial with the connecting block (17) and a second The disc body (302), the connecting column (18) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with an open lower end, the upper end of the connecting column (18) is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the connecting block (17), and the second The disc body (302) is arranged around the outer circumference of the connecting column (18), and the inner edge of the second disc body (302) and the outer wall of the bottom end of the connecting column (18) are integrally formed. The outer edge of the second disc body (302) extends to the side wall of the grinding tool (1) to form an annular surface structure. The outer edge of the second disc body (302) and the grinding tool (1) There is a gap between the side wall and the bottom surface for cooling water to circulate.
根据权利要求19所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述第二盘体(302)的外边缘水平延伸至所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁处，呈环形平面状。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 19, characterized in that the outer edge of the second disc body (302) extends horizontally to the side wall of the grinding tool (1) and is in the shape of an annular plane.
根据权利要求19所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述第二盘体(302)的外边缘延伸至所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁和底面的交汇处，所述第二盘体(302)从所述连接柱(18)至所述磨削工具(1)的侧壁和底面的交汇处的方向向上倾斜设置，呈环形倾斜面状。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 19, wherein the outer edge of the second plate (302) extends to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool (1), and the first The two disc bodies (302) are arranged inclined upward from the connecting column (18) to the intersection of the side wall and the bottom surface of the grinding tool (1), and are in the shape of an annular inclined surface.
根据权利要求19-21任一项所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述汇流盘(3)还包括气流挡环(20)，所述气流挡环(20)环绕一周的设置在所述第二盘体(302)的外边缘处，所述气流挡环(20)和所述磨削工具(1)的内壁之间形成用于隔离气流的气流隔离通道。The cooling mechanism of a tool according to any one of claims 19-21, wherein the manifold (3) further comprises an airflow baffle ring (20), and the airflow baffle ring (20) is arranged around a circle At the outer edge of the second disc body (302), an airflow isolation channel for isolating airflow is formed between the airflow baffle ring (20) and the inner wall of the grinding tool (1).
根据权利要求22所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述气流挡环(20)平行于所述磨削工具(1)侧壁且由侧壁向底面方向延伸。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 22, wherein the air baffle ring (20) is parallel to the side wall of the grinding tool (1) and extends from the side wall to the bottom surface.
根据权利要求22所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述气流挡环(20)从上至下向靠近所述磨削工具(1)侧壁的方向倾斜。The tool cooling mechanism according to claim 22, characterized in that the airflow baffle ring (20) is inclined from top to bottom in a direction close to the side wall of the grinding tool (1).
根据权利要求19所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括多个叶片(4)，所述多个叶片(4)位于所述汇流盘(3)的第二盘体(302)与磨削工具(1)顶面之间，多个叶片(4)沿周向间隔排列在所述第二盘体(302)上，多个叶片(4)将第二盘体(302)与磨削工具(1)之间的缝隙分割为多个汇流通道。The cooling mechanism for a tool according to claim 19, further comprising a plurality of blades (4), and the plurality of blades (4) are located in the second disk body (302) of the confluence disk (3) and Between the top surface of the grinding tool (1), a plurality of blades (4) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the second disc body (302), and the plurality of blades (4) connect the second disc body (302) with the grinding The gap between the cutting tools (1) is divided into a plurality of confluence channels.
根据权利要求19-21、23-25任一项所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，还包括主轴连接螺钉(21)；所述连接块(17)的顶端和所述连接柱(18)的中心处设置同轴的主轴螺孔，所述主轴连接螺钉(21)由下至上依次贯穿所述连接柱(18)和所述连接块(17)的主轴螺孔并与外部设备的主轴螺纹连接，将所述汇流盘(3)和所述磨削工具(1)锁紧在所述外部设备上。The tool cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 19-21 and 23-25, further comprising a spindle connecting screw (21); the top end of the connecting block (17) and the connecting column (18) ) Is provided with a coaxial spindle screw hole at the center, and the spindle connecting screw (21) sequentially penetrates the connecting column (18) and the spindle screw hole of the connecting block (17) from bottom to top, and is connected to the spindle of the external device Screwed connection, locking the collecting plate (3) and the grinding tool (1) on the external equipment.
根据权利要求1-17、19-25任一项所述的工具的冷却机构，其特征在于，所述磨削工具(1)为套料钻、杯形砂轮、碟形砂轮或环形磨盘。The tool cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 1-17, 19-25, wherein the grinding tool (1) is a nest drill, a cup-shaped grinding wheel, a dish-shaped grinding wheel or an annular grinding disc.