WO2021036393A1 - 一种4k高分辨全景环带光学*** - Google Patents

一种4k高分辨全景环带光学*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036393A1
WO2021036393A1 PCT/CN2020/094584 CN2020094584W WO2021036393A1 WO 2021036393 A1 WO2021036393 A1 WO 2021036393A1 CN 2020094584 W CN2020094584 W CN 2020094584W WO 2021036393 A1 WO2021036393 A1 WO 2021036393A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
integral unit
transmissive
pal1
transmission
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PCT/CN2020/094584
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English (en)
French (fr)
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白剑
王佳
黄潇
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浙江大学
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Priority to US17/261,722 priority Critical patent/US20210271059A1/en
Publication of WO2021036393A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036393A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/64—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having more than six components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automobile automatic driving, in particular to a 4K high-resolution panoramic ring-belt optical system.
  • the panoramic zonal imaging system needs to complete the geometric transformation of the object in the large field of view to the image sensor with the limited image surface at one time, so that the object in the field of view can only be allocated to fewer pixels, resulting in its collection
  • the resolution of the image is often low, and local details of the image cannot be obtained.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a 4K high-resolution panoramic zonal optical system in view of the shortcomings of the prior art. It can meet the two requirements of large field of view and high resolution of the panoramic ring zone optical system without the use of post-image stitching or image processing.
  • a 4K high-resolution panoramic ring belt optical system including: a coaxially installed panoramic ring belt lens head unit, a subsequent lens group and a 4K sensor SE;
  • the panoramic annular lens head unit includes a first lens PAL1 and a second lens PAL2; the subsequent lens group includes a third lens RL1, a fourth lens RL2, and a fifth lens RL3 arranged in order from the object side to the image side ,
  • the first lens PAL1 and the fifth lens RL3 are both meniscus glass lenses with positive refractive power;
  • Both the six lens RL4 and the ninth lens RL7 are meniscus glass lenses with negative refractive power;
  • the second lens PAL2, the fourth lens RL2, the seventh lens RL5, and the eighth lens RL6 is a double-convex lens with positive refractive power;
  • the third lens RL1 is a double-concave lens with negative refractive power;
  • the convex surfaces of the first lens PAL1, the fifth lens RL3, and the sixth lens RL4 are all Towards the object side, the conca
  • the first lens PAL1 and the second lens PAL2 are glued together to form a first integral unit;
  • the integral front surface of the first integral unit includes a front transmission surface A1 and a front reflection surface A6 located in the center of the front transmission surface,
  • the integral rear surface of the first integral unit includes a rear reflective surface A3 and a rear transmissive surface A8 located in the center of the rear reflective surface.
  • the glued surface of the first integral unit is the transmissive surface A2; the third lens RL1 and the The fourth lens RL2 is glued together to form a second integral unit; the front surface of the second integral unit is a transmissive surface B1, the rear surface of the second integral unit is a transmissive surface B3, and the middle of the second integral unit
  • the transmission cemented surface is B2;
  • the fifth lens RL3 is a single lens, the front surface of the fifth lens RL3 is a transmission surface C1, the rear surface of the fifth lens RL3 is a transmission surface C2;
  • the sixth lens RL4 Is a single lens, the front surface of the sixth lens RL4 is a transmission surface D1, the rear surface of the sixth lens RL4 is a transmission surface D2;
  • the seventh lens RL5 is a single lens, and the front surface of the seventh lens RL5
  • the surface is a transmissive surface E1, and the rear surface of the seventh lens RL5 is a transmissive surface E2
  • the incident light is refracted and incident from the front transmission surface A1, is reflected by the reflection surface A3 to the front reflection surface A6, is reflected by the front reflection surface A6, and is refracted by the rear transmission surface A8 and then exits.
  • the emitted light The subsequent lens group converges on the 4K sensor SE through the rear group.
  • A1 and A5 are the same plane, and A2 is the same plane as A4 and A7.
  • the viewing angle of the panoramic ring belt optical system of the present invention can reach (30°-100°) ⁇ 360°, the visible light resolution reaches 24.3 million pixels, the image quality is good, the image is displayed with high resolution, and fully meets the requirements of 4K high definition.
  • Fig. 1 is an optical structure diagram of the 4K high-resolution panoramic zonal optical system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a marking diagram of each surface along the optical path direction in the 4K high-resolution panoramic zonal optical system of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the MTF curve of the present invention under visible light 486-656nm;
  • Fig. 4 is a standard spot diagram of the present invention under visible light 486-656nm;
  • Fig. 5 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the present invention under visible light 486-656nm;
  • Figure 6 is a diagram of the optical path difference of the present invention under visible light 486-656nm;
  • Fig. 7 is a graph of chromatic aberration of magnification under visible light 486-656nm of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph of relative illuminance of the present invention under visible light 486-656nm.
  • FIG. 1 it is an optical structure diagram of the 4K high-resolution panoramic ring belt optical system of the present invention, which includes a coaxially installed panoramic ring belt lens head unit, a subsequent lens group and a 4K sensor SE; the panoramic ring belt lens
  • the head unit includes a first lens PAL1 and a second lens PAL2;
  • the subsequent lens group includes a third lens RL1, a fourth lens RL2, a fifth lens RL3, and a sixth lens RL4 arranged in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the seventh lens RL5, the eighth lens RL6 and the ninth lens RL7; the first lens PAL1 and the fifth lens RL3 are meniscus glass lenses with positive refractive power; the sixth lens RL4 and the The ninth lens RL7 is a meniscus glass lens with negative refractive power; the second lens PAL2, the fourth lens RL2, the seventh lens RL5, and the eighth lens RL6 are all with positive refractive power
  • the third lens RL1 is a double-concave lens with negative refractive power; the convex surfaces of the first lens PAL1, the fifth lens RL3, and the sixth lens RL4 are all facing the object, the The concave surfaces of the first lens PAL1, the fifth lens RL3, and the sixth lens RL4 all face the image side; the concave surface of the ninth lens RL7 faces the object side, and the convex surface of the ninth lens RL7 faces the image side.
  • FIG. 2 it is a marking diagram of each surface along the optical path direction in the 4K high-resolution panoramic ring belt optical system of the present invention; wherein, the first lens PAL1 and the second lens PAL2 are glued together to form a first lens An integral unit; the integral front surface of the first integral unit includes a front transmissive surface A1 and a front reflective surface A6 located in the center of the front transmissive surface, and the integral rear surface of the first integral unit includes a rear reflective surface A3 and a rear reflective surface The rear transmissive surface A8 of the center of the surface, the cemented surface of the first integral unit is the transmissive surface A2; the third lens RL1 and the fourth lens RL2 are cemented together to form a second integral unit; the second integral unit The front surface of the unit is a transmissive surface B1, the rear surface of the second integral unit is a transmissive surface B3, and the middle transmissive cemented surface of the second integral unit is B2; the fifth lens RL3 is a single lens
  • the incident light is refracted and incident from the front transmission surface A1, is reflected by the reflection surface A3 to the front reflection surface A6, is reflected by the front reflection surface A6, and is refracted by the rear transmission surface A8 and then exits.
  • the emitted light The subsequent lens group converges on the 4K sensor SE through the rear group.
  • the imaging system uses the optical axis to be placed perpendicular to the ground.
  • the panoramic ring-belt imaging unit projects the light emitted by objects within 360° around the optical axis and within 30°-100° of the horizontal line onto the imaging surface of the sensor.
  • the imaging surface is ring-shaped. There is a circular blind zone in the center.
  • Figures 3 to 8 are graphs of optical performance of the present invention applied to implementation cases, taking 5 fields of view, respectively 30°, 50°, 70°, 85°, 100°, where:
  • Fig. 3 is a graph of the MTF curve under visible light 486nm-656nm of the present invention.
  • the MTF curve graph represents the comprehensive resolution level of an optical system. It can be seen from Figure 3 that the MTF value of the full field of view at 130lp/mm is ⁇ 0.5, which is close to the diffraction limit, and the imaging is clear, meeting the requirements of 4K. In addition, the MTF performance of the optical system at various wavelengths is also very good.
  • Fig. 4 is a dot chart of visible light under 486nm-656nm of the present invention, wherein the wavelengths are three wavelengths of F light (486nm), d light (588nm) and C light (656nm), and the weight ratio is 1:1:1. Take five fields of view to analyze the RMS radius value of the light emitted by the object reaching the image surface.
  • Part (c), Part (d), Part (e) are respectively 30°, 50°, 70°, 85°, 100° field angle corresponding to the diffuse spots at different positions of the image plane, the longitudinal direction in each part
  • the size is 40.00
  • the longitudinal size corresponds to the zoom factor
  • the superscript corresponds to the angle of the field of view
  • the subscript corresponds to the position where the light from different fields of view reaches the image plane.
  • the RMS radii corresponding to the five fields of view are 1.319 ⁇ m, 1.317 ⁇ m, and 1.479 ⁇ m, respectively. 1.505 ⁇ m, 3.132 ⁇ m, these five RMS radii are all smaller than the size of a single pixel 3.9 ⁇ m, so clear imaging can be achieved.
  • Fig. 5 is a curve diagram of field curvature and distortion under visible light 486nm-656nm of the present invention.
  • the distortion curve graph represents the F-Theta distortion value under different field of view conditions, and the unit is %. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the absolute value of F-Theta distortion is less than or equal to 1%.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of the optical path difference under visible light 486nm-656nm of the present invention, and the optical path difference diagram is also called wave difference diagram.
  • Part (a), part (b), part (c), part (d), and part (e) in Figure 6 respectively represent the five field angles of 30°, 50°, 70°, 85°, and 100°
  • the optical path difference between the actual wave surface and the ideal spherical wave after the object point light passes through the optical system.
  • Each part is composed of the optical path difference images in the meridian and sagittal directions.
  • the small picture on the left is the optical path difference image in the meridian direction
  • the small picture on the right is the optical path difference image in the sagittal direction.
  • the abscissa Px and Py represent the normalized pupil coordinates, and the ordinate W is the optical path difference value.
  • Figure 6 shows the imaging wavefront phase error. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the optical path difference under each field of view is ⁇ 1waves.
  • Fig. 7 is a graph of the chromatic aberration curve of magnification under the visible light of 486nm-656nm of the present invention. It can be seen from this graph that the chromatic aberration curve of magnification of each wavelength is within the Airy disk, indicating that the chromatic aberration is well corrected.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph of relative illuminance under visible light 486nm-656nm of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 8 that the curve drops smoothly, the relative illuminance value under the maximum field of view is> 0.9, the imaging picture is bright, and the illuminance is uniform.
  • the overall focal length of the optical system is EFL
  • the aperture is FNO
  • the field of view is FOV
  • the total length of the optical system is TTL.
  • A1 and A5 are surfaces at the same location, with the same radius of curvature, but the difference is that the effective half diameter is different;
  • A2, A4 and A7 are surfaces at the same location, and the radius of curvature is also the same, the difference is that the effective half diameter is different.
  • the order of the surfaces in Table 1 is in the order of ray tracing.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***，包括同轴安装的全景环带透镜头部单元、后继透镜组和4K传感器（SE）；全景环带透镜头部单元包括第一透镜（PAL1）和第二透镜（PAL2）；后继透镜组包括从物方到像方依次排列的第三透镜（RL1）、第四透镜（RL2）、第五透镜（RL3）、第六透镜（RL4）、第七透镜（RL5）、第八透镜（RL6）和第九透镜（RL7）；第一透镜（PAL1）、第五透镜（RL3）均为具有正光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；第六透镜（RL4）、第九透镜（RL7）均为具有负光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；第二透镜（PAL2）、第四透镜（RL2）、第七透镜（RL5）、第八透镜（RL6）均为具有正光焦度的双凸透镜；第三透镜（RL1）为具有负光焦度的双凹透镜；第一透镜（PAL1）、第五透镜（RL3）、第六透镜（RL4）的凸面均朝向物方，凹面均朝向像方；第九透镜（RL7）的凹面朝向物方，凸面朝向像方。由此，能在有限像面实现大视场清晰成像，实现4K高分辨率静态照片的输出。

Description

一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***
本申请要求于2019年08月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910802850.6、发明名称为“一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车自动驾驶领域，特别是涉及一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***。
背景技术
全景环带成像***需要一次性完成将超大视场范围内的物体经过几何变换成像到有限像面的图像传感器上，使其视场范围内的物体只能分配到较少的像素，造成其采集的图像分辨率往往较低，无法得到局部细节的图像。
随着5G时代的到来，信息处理的速度变快，人们对图像质量和清晰度提出越来越高的要求。如果要实现在有限的图像平面内大视场成像，将会导致图像分辨率较低和局部细节成像较差。这就需要设计一款大视场的镜头与高分辨的传感器配合使用来实现以上两方面要求。在图像传感器分辨率较低的过去，研究者往往使用后期图像拼接的方法或者图像处理的方法来同时满足大视场与高分辨的要求。而如今图像传感器技术的飞速发展，使得采用镜头与传感器匹配的方式直接得到高分辨清晰图像成为可能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***。可以在不用后期图像拼接或者图像处理的方法来满足全景环带光学***大视场与高分辨两大要求。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***，包括：同轴安装的全景环带透镜 头部单元、后继透镜组和4K传感器SE；
所述全景环带透镜头部单元包括第一透镜PAL1和第二透镜PAL2；所述的后继透镜组包括从物方到像方依次排列的第三透镜RL1、第四透镜RL2、第五透镜RL3、第六透镜RL4、第七透镜RL5、第八透镜RL6和第九透镜RL7；所述第一透镜PAL1和所述第五透镜RL3均为具有正光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第六透镜RL4和所述第九透镜RL7均为具有负光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第二透镜PAL2、所述第四透镜RL2、所述第七透镜RL5和所述第八透镜RL6均为具有正光焦度的双凸透镜；所述第三透镜RL1为具有负光焦度的双凹透镜；所述第一透镜PAL1、所述第五透镜RL3和所述第六透镜RL4的凸面均朝向物方，所述第一透镜PAL1、所述第五透镜RL3和所述第六透镜RL4的凹面均朝向像方；所述第九透镜RL7的凹面朝向物方，所述第九透镜RL7的凸面朝向像方；
所述第一透镜PAL1和所述第二透镜PAL2胶合在一起，形成第一整体单元；所述第一整体单元的整体前表面包括前透射面A1和位于前透射面中心的前反射面A6，所述第一整体单元的整体后表面包括后反射面A3和位于后反射面中心的后透射面A8，所述第一整体单元的胶合面为透射面A2；所述第三透镜RL1和所述第四透镜RL2胶合在一起，形成第二整体单元；所述第二整体单元的前表面为透射面B1，所述第二整体单元的后表面为透射面B3，所述第二整体单元的中间透射胶合面为B2；所述第五透镜RL3为单个透镜，所述第五透镜RL3的前表面为透射面C1，所述第五透镜RL3的后表面为透射面C2；所述第六透镜RL4为单个透镜，所述第六透镜RL4的前表面为透射面D1，所述第六透镜RL4的后表面为透射面D2；所述第七透镜RL5为单个透镜，所述第七透镜RL5的前表面为透射面E1，所述第七透镜RL5的后表面为透射面E2；所述第八透镜RL6和所述第九透镜RL7胶合在一起，形成第三整体单元；所述第三整体单元的前表面为透射面F1，所述第三整体单元的后表面为透射面F3，所述第三整体单元的中间透射胶合面为F2；所述4K传感器SE的前部为保护玻璃，所述4K传感器SE的前表面为光接收面G1，所述4K传感器SE的后表面为像面G2；所述前透射面A1为环形透射面；所述反射面 A3为环形反射面；所述前反射面A6为圆形反射面；所述后透射面A8为圆形透射面；
入射光从所述前透射面A1折射入射，经所述反射面A3反射到所述前反射面A6上，再经所述前反射面A6反射后经后透射面A8折射后出射，出射的光经后组所述后继透镜组汇聚到所述4K传感器SE上。
进一步地，沿着光路经过的各个面的参数具体如下：
面序号 曲率半径 中心厚度 折射率 阿贝数 有效半口径
A1 47～49 22.50 1.70～1.75 50～51 37～38
A2 160～163 15.00 1.75～1.80 51～52 37～38
A3 -22～-21 -15.00 1.00 0 15～16
A4 160～163 -22.50 1.70～1.75 50～51 12～13
A5 47～49 0.81 1.70～1.75 50～51 7～8
A6 -126～-125 21.50 1.00 0 7～8
A7 160～163 15.00 1.75～1.80 51～52 4～5
A8 -22～-21 3.00     3～4
B1 -14～-13 2.10 1.80～1.90 39～40 4～5
B2 19～20 4.88 1.65～1.70 55～56 5～6
B3 -17～-16 2.10     6～7
C1 19～20 4.80 1.60～1.70 42～43 7.70
C2 43～44 5.00     7～8
D1 543～544 2.50 1.80～1.90 42～43 8～9
D2 19～20 2.10     8～9
E1 22～23 7.90 1.50～1.60 68～69 10～11
E2 -34～-33 2.10     10～11
F1 31～32 10.70 1.50～1.60 68～69 10～11
F2 -13～-12 4.10 1.70～1.80 47～48 9～10
F3 -144～-143 17.00     9～10
G1 无穷大 0.80 1.50～1.60 64～65 7～8
G2 无穷大 -     7～8
其中，A1与A5为同一面，A2与A4和A7为同一面。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的全景环带光学***的视场角能够达到(30°～100°)×360°，可见光分辨率达到2430万像素，像质良好，图像高分辨率显示，完全满足4K高清的要求。
说明书附图
图1为本发明的4K高分辨全景环带光学***光学结构图；
图2为本发明的4K高分辨全景环带光学***中沿着光路方向各个表面的标记图；
图3是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的MTF曲线图；
图4是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的标准点列图；
图5是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的场曲畸变图；
图6是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的光程差图；
图7是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的倍率色差图；
图8是本发明在可见光486-656nm下的相对照度曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没 有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，为本发明4K高分辨全景环带光学***的光学结构图，其包括同轴安装的全景环带透镜头部单元、后继透镜组和4K传感器SE；所述全景环带透镜头部单元包括第一透镜PAL1和第二透镜PAL2；所述的后继透镜组包括从物方到像方依次排列的第三透镜RL1、第四透镜RL2、第五透镜RL3、第六透镜RL4、第七透镜RL5、第八透镜RL6和第九透镜RL7；所述第一透镜PAL1和所述第五透镜RL3均为具有正光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第六透镜RL4和所述第九透镜RL7均为具有负光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第二透镜PAL2、所述第四透镜RL2、所述第七透镜RL5和所述第八透镜RL6均为具有正光焦度的双凸透镜；所述第三透镜RL1为具有负光焦度的双凹透镜；所述第一透镜PAL1、所述第五透镜RL3和所述第六透镜RL4的凸面均朝向物方，所述第一透镜PAL1、所述第五透镜RL3和所述第六透镜RL4的凹面均朝向像方；所述第九透镜RL7的凹面朝向物方，所述第九透镜RL7的凸面朝向像方。
如图2所示，为本发明的4K高分辨全景环带光学***中沿着光路方向各个表面的标记图；其中，所述第一透镜PAL1和所述第二透镜PAL2胶合在一起，形成第一整体单元；所述第一整体单元的整体前表面包括前透射面A1和位于前透射面中心的前反射面A6，所述第一整体单元的整体后表面包括后反射面A3和位于后反射面中心的后透射面A8，所述第一整体单元的胶合面为透射面A2；所述第三透镜RL1和所述第四透镜RL2胶合在一起，形成第二整体单元；所述第二整体单元的前表面为透射面B1，所述第二整体单元的后表面为透射面B3，所述第二整体单元的中间透射胶合面为B2；所述第五透镜RL3为单个透镜，所述第五透镜RL3的前表面为透射面C1，所述第五透镜RL3的后表面为透射面C2；所述第六透镜RL4为单个透镜，所述第六透镜RL4的前表面为透射面D1，所述第六透镜RL4的后表面为透射面D2；所述第七透镜RL5为单个透镜，所述第七透镜RL5的前表面为透射面E1，所述第七透镜RL5的后表面为透射面E2；所述第八透镜RL6和所述第九透镜RL7胶合在一起，形成第三整体单元；所述第三整体单元的前表面为透射面F1，所述 第三整体单元的后表面为透射面F3，所述第三整体单元的中间透射胶合面为F2；所述4K传感器SE的前部为保护玻璃，所述4K传感器SE的前表面为光接收面G1，所述4K传感器SE的后表面为像面G2；所述前透射面A1为环形透射面；所述反射面A3为环形反射面；所述前反射面A6为圆形反射面；所述后透射面A8为圆形透射面。入射光从所述前透射面A1折射入射，经所述反射面A3反射到所述前反射面A6上，再经所述前反射面A6反射后经后透射面A8折射后出射，出射的光经后组所述后继透镜组汇聚到所述4K传感器SE上。
成像***使用时光轴垂直于地面放置，全景环带成像单元将绕光轴360°范围之内、水平线30°～100°范围内的物体发出的光线投影到传感器成像面上，成像面呈环形，中心存在圆形盲区。
图3至图8为本发明应用于实施案例的光学性能曲线图，取5个视场，分别为30°、50°、70°、85°、100°，其中：
图3为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的MTF曲线图。MTF曲线图代表了一个光学***的综合解像水平，由图3可知，130lp/mm处全视场MTF值≥0.5，接近衍射极限，成像清晰，满足4K的要求。此外，该光学***在各个波长下的MTF表现也非常好。
图4为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的点列图，其中波长取F光(486nm)、d光(588nm)及C光(656nm)三个波长，权重比为1:1:1。取五个视场分析物体发出的光线到达像面的RMS半径值，物体发出的光线经过实际光学***之后在像面上会形成一个弥散斑，图4中的(a)部分、(b)部分、(c)部分、(d)部分、(e)部分分别为30°、50°、70°、85°、100°视场角对应的像面不同位置处的弥散斑，各个部分中的纵向尺寸均为40.00，纵向尺寸对应缩放倍数，上标对应视场角度，下标对应不同视场光线到达像面的位置，五个视场对应的RMS半径分别为1.319μm，1.317μm，1.479μm，1.505μm，3.132μm，这五个RMS半径均小于单个像元大小3.9μm，故可实现清晰成像。
图5为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的场曲和畸变曲线图。畸变曲线图表示不同视场情况下的F-Theta畸变大小值，单位为％。由图5可见，F-Theta畸变绝对值≤1％。
图6为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的光程差图，光程差图又叫波差图。图6中的(a)部分、(b)部分、(c)部分、(d)部分、(e)部分分别表示30°、50°、70°、85°、100°五个视场角的物点光线经过光学***后的实际波面与理想球面波的光程差，每个部分都是由子午和弧矢两个方向的光程差图像组成，例如图6中的(a)部分中，左侧小图为子午方向的光程差图像，右侧小图为弧矢方向的光程差图像，其中横坐标Px、Py表示归一化的瞳面坐标，纵坐标W为光程差值。图6表示了成像的波前相位误差。由图6可见，各个视场下的光程差≤±1waves。
图7为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的倍率色差曲线图，通过该图可以看出各个波长的倍率色差曲线都在艾里斑以内，说明色差矫正良好。
图8为本发明可见光486nm-656nm下的相对照度曲线图。由图8可知，曲线下降平滑，最大视场下的相对照度值＞0.9，成像画面明亮，照度均匀。
在本发明实施案例中，该光学***的整体焦距值为EFL，光圈值为FNO，视场角为FOV，光学***总长为TTL。
本发明的优选参数值如表一所示：
EFL＝-4.47mm，FNO＝3.98，FOV＝(30°～100°)×360°，像面尺寸为23.4mm×15.6mm，TTL＝106mm，感光成像芯片为SONY的ExmorAPS HD CMOS。
表一
Figure PCTCN2020094584-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020094584-appb-000002
其中，A1与A5为同一位置表面，曲率半径相同，区别在于有效半口径不同；A2与A4和A7为同一位置表面，曲率半径也相同，区别在于有效半口径不同。表一中面的顺序按照光线追迹的顺序排列。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于 本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种4K高分辨全景环带光学***，其特征在于，包括：同轴安装的全景环带透镜头部单元、后继透镜组和4K传感器(SE)；
    所述全景环带透镜头部单元包括第一透镜(PAL1)和第二透镜(PAL2)；所述的后继透镜组包括从物方到像方依次排列的第三透镜(RL1)、第四透镜(RL2)、第五透镜(RL3)、第六透镜(RL4)、第七透镜(RL5)、第八透镜(RL6)和第九透镜(RL7)；所述第一透镜(PAL1)和所述第五透镜(RL3)均为具有正光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第六透镜(RL4)和所述第九透镜(RL7)均为具有负光焦度的弯月型玻璃透镜；所述第二透镜(PAL2)、所述第四透镜(RL2)、所述第七透镜(RL5)和所述第八透镜(RL6)均为具有正光焦度的双凸透镜；所述第三透镜(RL1)为具有负光焦度的双凹透镜；所述第一透镜(PAL1)、所述第五透镜(RL3)和所述第六透镜(RL4)的凸面均朝向物方，所述第一透镜(PAL1)、所述第五透镜(RL3)和所述第六透镜(RL4)的凹面均朝向像方；所述第九透镜(RL7)的凹面朝向物方，所述第九透镜(RL7)的凸面朝向像方；
    所述第一透镜(PAL1)和所述第二透镜(PAL2)胶合在一起，形成第一整体单元；所述第一整体单元的整体前表面包括前透射面(A1)和位于前透射面中心的前反射面(A6)，所述第一整体单元的整体后表面包括后反射面(A3)和位于后反射面中心的后透射面(A8)，所述第一整体单元的胶合面为透射面(A2)；所述第三透镜(RL1)和所述第四透镜(RL2)胶合在一起，形成第二整体单元；所述第二整体单元的前表面为透射面(B1)，所述第二整体单元的后表面为透射面(B3)，所述第二整体单元的中间透射胶合面为(B2)；所述第五透镜(RL3)为单个透镜，所述第五透镜(RL3)的前表面为透射面(C1)，所述第五透镜(RL3)的后表面为透射面(C2)；所述第六透镜(RL4)为单个透镜，所述第六透镜(RL4)的前表面为透射面(D1)，所述第六透镜(RL4)的后表面为透射面(D2)；所述第七透镜(RL5)为单个透镜，所述第七透镜(RL5)的前表面为透射面(E1)，所述第七透镜(RL5)的后表面为透射面(E2)；所述第八透镜(RL6)和所述第九透镜(RL7)胶合在一起，形成第三整体单元；所述第三整体单元的前表面为透射面(F1)，所述第三整体单元的后表面为 透射面(F3)，所述第三整体单元的中间透射胶合面为(F2)；所述4K传感器(SE)的前部为保护玻璃，所述4K传感器(SE)的前表面为光接收面(G1)，所述4K传感器(SE)的后表面为像面(G2)；所述前透射面(A1)为环形透射面；所述反射面(A3)为环形反射面；所述前反射面(A6)为圆形反射面；所述后透射面(A8)为圆形透射面；
    入射光从所述前透射面(A1)折射入射，经所述反射面(A3)反射到所述前反射面(A6)上，再经所述前反射面(A6)反射后经后透射面(A8)折射后出射，出射的光经后组所述后继透镜组汇聚到所述4K传感器(SE)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的4K高分辨全景环带光学***，其特征在于，沿着光路经过的各个面的参数具体如下：
    Figure PCTCN2020094584-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2020094584-appb-100002
    其中，A1与A5为同一面，A2与A4和A7为同一面。
PCT/CN2020/094584 2019-08-28 2020-06-05 一种4k高分辨全景环带光学*** WO2021036393A1 (zh)

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