WO2021023442A1 - Charge management apparatuses, charge management system and management method for charging a vehicle - Google Patents

Charge management apparatuses, charge management system and management method for charging a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021023442A1
WO2021023442A1 PCT/EP2020/068473 EP2020068473W WO2021023442A1 WO 2021023442 A1 WO2021023442 A1 WO 2021023442A1 EP 2020068473 W EP2020068473 W EP 2020068473W WO 2021023442 A1 WO2021023442 A1 WO 2021023442A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
charging
charging station
management device
charge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/068473
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ian Faye
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2021023442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021023442A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/68—Traffic data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/70—Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/14—Driver interactions by input of vehicle departure time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/32—Auto pilot mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/52—Control modes by future state prediction drive range estimation, e.g. of estimation of available travel distance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/58—Departure time prediction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • Charge management devices charge management system and
  • the present invention relates to a charge management device for a vehicle, a charge management device for a charging station, a charge management system with such charge management devices and a management method for charging a vehicle.
  • the vehicle can in particular be an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles have batteries as energy stores, which have to be charged at charging stations. In order to avoid excessive weight, the capacity of the batteries is limited, so that electric vehicles have to visit charging stations relatively often.
  • the charging time of electric vehicles currently far exceeds the time required to fill up a diesel or gasoline vehicle. Since there are only a limited number of charging stations available, it is therefore a challenge to manage the charging processes as efficiently as possible for a large number of electric vehicles. In particular, it should be prevented that a driver has to wait a long time before the start of the charging process, since the charging station is already occupied by another vehicle.
  • One possibility is to use a central system through which charging stations can be reserved prior to departure.
  • the invention provides a charge management device for a vehicle with the features of claim 1, a charge management device for a charging station for charging a vehicle with the features of claim 5, a charge management system with the features of claim 7 and a management method for charging a vehicle with the features of Claim 8 ready.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a charge management device for a vehicle with a communication interface and a computing device.
  • the communication interface is designed to send a charge request signal to a charge management device of the charging station and to receive a response signal from the charge management device of the charging station.
  • the computing device uses the response signal, calculates driving parameters of the vehicle which influence the arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station.
  • the computing device outputs the driving parameters.
  • the invention relates to a charge management device for a charging station for charging a vehicle with a communication interface and a computing device.
  • the communication interface is designed to receive a charge request signal from a charge management device for a vehicle.
  • the computing device calculates an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle.
  • the communication interface outputs a response signal to the charge management device for the vehicle using the optimal arrival time.
  • the invention relates to a charge management system with a charge management device for a vehicle and a charge management device for a charging station.
  • the invention relates to a management method for charging a vehicle.
  • a charge request signal is sent from the vehicle to a charge management device of a charging station.
  • An optimal arrival time for the vehicle is calculated by a charging management device of the charging station, with the charging station presumably being available for charging the vehicle at the optimal arrival time.
  • driving parameters of the vehicle are calculated which influence an actual arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station.
  • the invention makes it possible to adapt the driving behavior of the vehicle in such a way that a charging station can be approached optimally. If the charging station is currently already occupied, the driving behavior can, for example, be adapted in such a way that the charging station is only approached when the charging station is ready to charge the vehicle again. This can prevent the charging station from being approached relatively quickly, but the vehicle then having to wait a longer time at the charging station. Next it is possible through Adjusting the driving behavior of the vehicle to prevent the charging station from being unoccupied for a long time. This can prevent unintentional parking of the charging station by another vehicle.
  • the driving parameters can include, for example, a speed of the vehicle and / or a speed profile of the vehicle.
  • the computing device of the charging management device for the vehicle can be designed to reduce the speed at least in sections if it recognizes from the response signal that the charging station is currently already occupied.
  • the driving parameters can additionally or alternatively include a route for the vehicle.
  • the computing device of the charging management device for the vehicle can, for example, select an alternative route in order to reach the charging station if it is already occupied.
  • the travel time along the alternative route can be longer than the travel time along the original route, but have other advantages, such as lower energy consumption due to lower speed or lower incline, lower or no tolls, a better view, a lower risk of congestion or the like.
  • the response signal includes an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle.
  • the computing device of the charge management device for the vehicle can calculate the driving parameters, such as the speed or the route of the vehicle, in such a way that the vehicle is expected to arrive at the charging station at the optimal arrival time or at least only a short time before or after the optimal arrival time.
  • the charge management device for the vehicle also has a control device which controls the vehicle on the basis of the driving parameters output by the computing device.
  • the control device can set the speed of the vehicle.
  • the Control device control the vehicle along the route of the vehicle calculated by the computing device.
  • the charge management device for the vehicle furthermore has a display which shows a driving proposal to a driver of the vehicle as a function of the driving parameters output by the computing device. For example, a suggested speed can be displayed to the driver or a suggested route can be displayed to the driver via a navigation system.
  • the vehicle is controlled on the basis of the calculated driving parameters.
  • a driving proposal is shown to a driver of the vehicle on a display as a function of the calculated driving parameters.
  • the vehicles are prioritized.
  • the optimal arrival times for the vehicles are calculated depending on the prioritization of the vehicles.
  • the arrival times of the vehicles can be calculated in such a way that the vehicles arrive at the charging station in the order in which they are prioritized.
  • the arrival times are thus arranged according to the prioritization.
  • the prioritization can take place, for example, on the basis of the state of charge and / or the maximum range and / or the planned travel route of the vehicles and / or on the basis of a status assigned to the vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a
  • Charge management system with a charge management device for a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention and with a charge management device for a charging station according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of various possible
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a management method for charging a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a charging management system 100 with a charging management device 1 for a motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and a charging management device 2 for a charging station for charging vehicles.
  • a charging station can be understood to mean a device for charging a single vehicle or also several vehicles.
  • the charge management device 1 for the vehicle is preferably arranged in the vehicle itself and comprises a first communication interface 11, a first computing device 12, a control device 13 and a display 14.
  • the charging management device 2 for the charging station is preferably arranged in or on the charging station and comprises a second communication interface 21, a second computing device 22, a testing device 23 and a charging control device 24.
  • the first and second communication interfaces 11, 21 are designed to communicate with one another, in particular via a radio link.
  • the first and second computing devices 12, 22 comprise at least one microprocessor for performing the calculations.
  • a charge request signal is sent to the second communication interface 21 via the first communication interface 11.
  • the charging request signal can be generated by a driver of the vehicle or by a driver assistance system of the vehicle and is used to keep the charging station free or to reserve it for the vehicle.
  • the term “reserve” can also include the fact that the charging station is blocked, for example by a vehicle that is already at the charging station. A seamless transition should be achieved by coordinating the approaching vehicles with those already at the charging station.
  • An estimated time of arrival of the vehicle at the charging station can be transmitted with the charging request signal. Alternatively or additionally, a distance between the vehicle and the charging station can be transmitted with the charging request signal.
  • the charge request signal received via the second communication interface 21 is evaluated by the second computing device 22.
  • the second computing device 22 is also connected to the testing device 23, which checks whether the charging station is already occupied by at least one other vehicle. In particular, the test device 23 can check whether there is an electrical connection between the further vehicle and the charging station. If the computing device 22 detects that the charging station is already fully occupied, a mobile device 3 of a driver of the further vehicle can be informed via the second communication interface 21 that the vehicle would also like to be charged at the charging station. The driver can confirm via the mobile device 3 that he has taken note of this and, if necessary, can confirm that he will move his own vehicle away as soon as possible after the end of the charging process.
  • the driver specifies a point in time or a period of time on the mobile device 3 in which he intends to move the further vehicle away. Does the driver not plan to close the vehicle in the near future? move, he can also communicate this. It can further be provided that the driver must indicate at what point in time or in what period of time he intends to move the vehicle away again at the start of the charging process.
  • a proposal can also be made to the driver of the additional vehicle to dispense with full charging so that the charging station is ready in time for the vehicle to arrive.
  • the driver of the additional vehicle can be induced to forego full charging within the framework of a bonus system, for example through a price reduction. This can be advantageous in particular if the additional vehicle does not need full charging due to travel planning.
  • the charging control device 24 can control the charging of the further vehicle accordingly by shortening the charging time.
  • the charging control device 24 can set the charging time of the further vehicle as a function of the expected arrival time of the vehicle.
  • the second computing device 22 can, if necessary depending on the information received via the mobile device 3 from the driver of the further vehicle, calculate the point in time at which the further vehicle is likely to be moved away. As a function of this point in time, the second computing device 22 calculates an optimal arrival time for the vehicle.
  • the optimal arrival time can be chosen identically at this point in time or a predetermined time period before this point in time.
  • the second computing device 22 can also be designed to additionally determine a variance of the arrival time or a variance of the optimal arrival time.
  • the point in time at which the further vehicle is expected to be moved away can be assumed to be normally distributed.
  • the optimal arrival time can be selected, for example, in such a way that the probability that the further vehicle will be moved away at this point in time is greater than a predefined percentage.
  • the optimal arrival time can also be determined on the basis of the probability that the further vehicle will not yet be moved away at a point in time.
  • the second communication interface 21 sends a response signal to the first communication interface 11 and thus transmits the optimal arrival time.
  • the First computing device 12 calculates driving parameters of the vehicle as a function of the response signal. For example, the first computing device 12 can calculate a speed of the vehicle which is required to arrive at the charging station at the optimal arrival time. The speed can also vary for different route sections. The first computing device 12 can further check whether this speed is compatible with the maximum permitted speeds. If this is the case, the corresponding speed can be displayed to the driver as a suggestion via the display 14. Alternatively or additionally, the computing device 12 can calculate an optimal travel route in order to reach the charging station at the optimal arrival time as possible. The optimal route can be displayed to the driver of the vehicle via the display 14.
  • control device 13 can be designed to control the vehicle accordingly.
  • the control device 13 can adjust the speed accordingly or steer the vehicle accordingly.
  • the vehicle can be at a first location xO at a specific point in time.
  • a charging request signal is transmitted to the charging management device 2 of a first charging station at a second location xl, the first charging station being at a distance dl from the first location xO.
  • the speed of the vehicle and / or the route of the vehicle are adjusted in such a way that the vehicle reaches the first charging station at the optimal arrival time, if possible. If it turns out that, due to energy savings as a result of the adjusted driving parameters, a second charging station can be reached at a third location x2, which is also managed by the charging management device 2, the charging management device can indicate this to the driver of the vehicle, who can then decide which to drive to a second charging station further away.
  • the driver would like to cover at least one distance dO without interruption, which can be specified by the driver.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a management method for charging a vehicle.
  • a charge request signal is sent from a charge management device 1 of a vehicle to a charge management device 2 of a charging station.
  • the charge request signal can also include the expected arrival time and / or the current position and / or speed of the vehicle.
  • the charge request signal can also include information about the current route of the vehicle.
  • the charge request signal can include information determined using GPS and map data, on the basis of which the charge management device 2 of the charging station can predict the expected arrival time of the vehicle.
  • the charge request signal can further include a charge status of the vehicle and a minimum distance dO that the driver would like to cover at least before charging the vehicle.
  • the charging management device 2 can generally manage a plurality of charging stations.
  • the charging management device 2 can determine the most suitable charging station as a function of the charging request signal.
  • the charging management device 2 checks whether this charging station is available for charging at the estimated time of arrival. For this purpose, the charging management device 2 can check whether there is currently a free space for charging the vehicle, or whether the charging station is completely occupied by at least one other vehicle. Furthermore, the charging management device 2 can predict whether the charging station is still fully occupied at the estimated time of arrival. In particular, the charge management device 2 can take into account the time difference between the current point in time and the expected arrival time of the vehicle. The Charge management device 2 can take into account statistical data which describe the average length of stay of vehicles for charging, taking into account the current state of charge of the further vehicle. For this purpose, the charging management device 2 can also take into account the arrival times of vehicles which are currently occupying the charging station.
  • the charging management device 2 can reserve the place at least at the estimated arrival time of the vehicle in a method step S3 and inform the vehicle that the charging station is available at the estimated arrival time.
  • the charging management device 2 can inform at least one driver of another vehicle that is currently occupying the charging station of the charging request, S4.
  • the driver can be asked to leave the charging station immediately after charging the additional vehicle.
  • the driver can also be requested to indicate an estimated departure time, the driver being able to choose from a list with several options, for example.
  • a corresponding message can be displayed to the driver for this, for example on a display of the vehicle or by means of an app on a mobile device.
  • the driver can be offered additional incentives to vacate the charging station as early as possible, for example in the form of a price reduction.
  • a method step S5 the charging management device 2 of the charging station determines whether the driver of the further vehicle has responded to the request. If this is not the case, in a method step S6, in response to the charge request signal, it is reported that the charging station will probably not be available at the predicted arrival time. Accordingly, the vehicle can go to another charging station if necessary.
  • the optimal Arrival time can be chosen such that the probability that the charging station is available at this point in time is greater than a predetermined percentage, for example 80 percent or 90 percent.
  • the optimal arrival time it can be assumed, for example, that the dwell time is normally distributed.
  • the optimal arrival time the current position of the driver of the further vehicle can also be taken into account. If this is relatively far away from the charging station, it can be taken into account that the driver will need a certain time to return to the other vehicle.
  • the determined optimal arrival time is finally transmitted to the charge management device 1 of the vehicle.
  • the charging management device 1 of the vehicle uses the optimal arrival time to calculate driving parameters of the vehicle which influence the actual arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station.
  • the driving parameters are preferably selected such that the expected actual arrival time corresponds to the optimal arrival time. It can also be provided that the expected actual arrival time is after the optimal arrival time.
  • the driving parameters to be adjusted can include a speed of the vehicle, which can be dependent on the respective route section. Additionally or alternatively, the route of the vehicle can also be adapted.
  • the driving parameters to be adjusted can be displayed to a driver of the vehicle on a display 14 will.
  • the driver can then decide for himself whether to adapt the driving parameters accordingly, for example to reduce the speed according to the driving suggestion or to change the route.
  • the driving parameters are automatically adapted, for example in the case of at least partially self-driving vehicles, with individual or all driving functions being automatically taken over.
  • the driving parameters can be adjusted using optimization methods, for example by minimizing the expected energy consumption.
  • the driver's specifications can also be taken into account, for example maximum or minimum speeds, specified locations at which the route is to pass or specifications relating to possible tolls.
  • the charging station to be approached can also be changed if, for example, due to the changed driving parameters, a more distant charging station can be reached without any problems.
  • the vehicle's charge management device can take into account the current state of charge of the vehicle's battery.
  • the charge management device 1 of the vehicle can send a charge request signal to a charge management device 2 of the more distant charging station. If the charging station further away is occupied and / or a large number of vehicles have already sent a charging request signal to the charging station further away, the vehicle can move to the charging station located closer.
  • the driver's stop requests can be taken into account, for example in the form of a weighting of the individual charging stations.
  • the charge management device for the vehicle can also be designed to jointly adapt the driving parameters of a large number of vehicles in order to reduce the waiting times as much as possible.
  • the charging management device 1 of the vehicle confirms that the vehicle is visiting the selected charging station would like to. It can be provided that the driver of the further vehicle which is currently occupying the charging station is only informed of the charging request after confirmation, S4. Furthermore, it can be provided that a driver of the vehicle does the selected
  • Reject the charging station or the proposed driving parameters In this case, a new charging station is selected or new driving parameters are determined.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a charge management apparatus (1) for a vehicle, comprising: a communication interface (11) which is designed to transmit a charge request signal to a charge management apparatus (2) of a charging station, and to receive a reply signal from the charge management apparatus (2) of the charging station, and a computing device (12) which is designed to calculate driving parameters of the vehicle using the reply signal, which driving parameters influence an arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station, and to output the driving parameters.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titel title
Lademanagementvorrichtungen, Lademanagementsystem undCharge management devices, charge management system and
Managementverfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs Management procedure for charging a vehicle
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug, eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für eine Ladestation, ein Lademanagementsystem mit derartigen Lademanagementvorrichtungen sowie ein Managementverfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs. Bei dem Fahrzeug kann es sich insbesondere um ein Elektrofahrzeug oder ein Plug-in-Hybrid-Fahrzeug handeln. The present invention relates to a charge management device for a vehicle, a charge management device for a charging station, a charge management system with such charge management devices and a management method for charging a vehicle. The vehicle can in particular be an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Elektrofahrzeuge weisen Batterien als Energiespeicher auf, welche an Ladestationen aufgeladen werden müssen. Um ein zu hohes Gewicht zu vermeiden, ist die Kapazität der Batterien beschränkt, sodass Elektrofahrzeuge relativ häufig Ladestationen aufsuchen müssen. Die Ladezeit von Elektrofahrzeugen übersteigt derzeit noch deutlich die zum Betanken eines Diesel- oder Benzinfahrzeugs erforderliche Tankzeit. Da zusätzlich nur eine beschränkte Anzahl von Ladestationen zur Verfügung steht, stellt es daher eine Herausforderung dar, bei einer Vielzahl von Elektrofahrzeugen die Ladevorgänge möglichst effizient zu verwalten. Insbesondere soll verhindert werden, dass ein Fahrer noch vor Beginn des Ladevorgangs eine längere Zeit warten muss, da die Ladestation bereits durch ein weiteres Fahrzeug belegt ist. Eine Möglichkeit besteht in der Verwendung eines zentralen Systems, über welches Ladestationen bereits vor Fahrtantritt reserviert werden können. Electric vehicles have batteries as energy stores, which have to be charged at charging stations. In order to avoid excessive weight, the capacity of the batteries is limited, so that electric vehicles have to visit charging stations relatively often. The charging time of electric vehicles currently far exceeds the time required to fill up a diesel or gasoline vehicle. Since there are only a limited number of charging stations available, it is therefore a challenge to manage the charging processes as efficiently as possible for a large number of electric vehicles. In particular, it should be prevented that a driver has to wait a long time before the start of the charging process, since the charging station is already occupied by another vehicle. One possibility is to use a central system through which charging stations can be reserved prior to departure.
Die DE 10 2010 064015 Al schlägt vor, dass ein Elektrofahrzeug direkt mit einer Ladestation kommunizieren kann. Dadurch kann der Aufbau eines zentralen Systems zum Steuern der Ladevorgänge entfallen, sodass das Batterieladestation netzwerk schnell, flexibel und einfach erweitert werden kann. Gerade auf Autobahnen beschränken sich die Ladestationen jedoch typischerweise auf Raststätten oder Tankstellen. Der Fahrer ist somit bei der Auswahl der Ladestationen eingeschränkter. Insbesondere in derartigen Situationen sollte vermieden werden, dass ein Fahrer zügig eine Ladestation anfährt, diese jedoch bereits belegt ist. DE 10 2010 064015 A1 suggests that an electric vehicle can communicate directly with a charging station. This means that there is no need to set up a central system for controlling the charging processes, so that the battery charging station network can be expanded quickly, flexibly and easily. However, especially on motorways, the charging stations are typically limited to rest stops or petrol stations. The driver is therefore more restricted in the choice of charging stations. In such situations in particular, it should be avoided that a driver quickly drives to a charging station, but this is already occupied.
Ein weiteres häufig auftretendes Problem besteht darin, dass die zu den Ladestationen gehörigen Parkplätze von anderen Fahrzeugen zugeparkt werden, welche häufig gar nicht die Intention haben, das eigene Fahrzeug zu laden. Es ist daher wünschenswert, die Zeiträume, während denen die zu den Ladestationen gehörigen Parkplätze unbesetzt sind, möglichst zu minimieren. Another frequently occurring problem is that the parking spaces belonging to the charging stations are blocked by other vehicles, which often do not even have the intention of charging their own vehicle. It is therefore desirable to minimize the time periods during which the parking spaces belonging to the charging stations are unoccupied.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung stellt eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1, eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für eine Ladestation zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 5, ein Lademanagementsystem mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7 und ein Managementverfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8 bereit. The invention provides a charge management device for a vehicle with the features of claim 1, a charge management device for a charging station for charging a vehicle with the features of claim 5, a charge management system with the features of claim 7 and a management method for charging a vehicle with the features of Claim 8 ready.
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung demnach eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle und einer Recheneinrichtung. Die Kommunikationsschnittstelle ist dazu ausgebildet, ein Ladewunschsignal an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung der Ladestation zu senden, und ein Antwortsignal von der Lademanagementvorrichtung der Ladestation zu empfangen. Die Recheneinrichtung berechnet unter Verwendung des Antwortsignals Fahrparameter des Fahrzeugs, welche die Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation beeinflussen. Die Recheneinrichtung gibt die Fahrparameter aus. According to a first aspect, the invention accordingly relates to a charge management device for a vehicle with a communication interface and a computing device. The communication interface is designed to send a charge request signal to a charge management device of the charging station and to receive a response signal from the charge management device of the charging station. Using the response signal, the computing device calculates driving parameters of the vehicle which influence the arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station. The computing device outputs the driving parameters.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine Lademanagementvorrichtung für eine Ladestation zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle und einer Recheneinrichtung. Die Kommunikationsschnittstelle ist dazu ausgebildet, ein Ladewunschsignal von einer Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug zu empfangen. Die Recheneinrichtung berechnet nach dem Empfangen des Ladewunschsignals eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug, zu dem die Ladestation voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht. Die Kommunikationsschnittstelle gibt unter Verwendung der optimalen Ankunftszeit ein Antwortsignal an die Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug aus. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a charge management device for a charging station for charging a vehicle with a communication interface and a computing device. The communication interface is designed to receive a charge request signal from a charge management device for a vehicle. After receiving the charge request signal, the computing device calculates an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle. The communication interface outputs a response signal to the charge management device for the vehicle using the optimal arrival time.
Gemäß einem vierten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Lademanagementsystem mit einer Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug und einer Lademanagementvorrichtung für eine Ladestation. According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a charge management system with a charge management device for a vehicle and a charge management device for a charging station.
Gemäß einem vierten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Managementverfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs. Ein Ladewunschsignal wird von dem Fahrzeug an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung einer Ladestation gesendet. Eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug wird von einer Lademanagementvorrichtung der Ladestation berechnet, wobei die Ladestation zu der optimalen Ankunftszeit voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht. Unter Verwendung des Antwortsignals werden Fahrparameter des Fahrzeugs berechnet, welche eine tatsächliche Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation beeinflussen. According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a management method for charging a vehicle. A charge request signal is sent from the vehicle to a charge management device of a charging station. An optimal arrival time for the vehicle is calculated by a charging management device of the charging station, with the charging station presumably being available for charging the vehicle at the optimal arrival time. Using the response signal, driving parameters of the vehicle are calculated which influence an actual arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen Unteransprüche. Vorteile der Erfindung Preferred embodiments are the subject of the respective subclaims. Advantages of the invention
Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, das Fahrverhalten des Fahrzeugs derart anzupassen, dass eine Ladestation optimal angefahren werden kann. Falls die Ladestation derzeit bereits belegt ist, kann beispielsweise das Fahrverhalten derart angepasst werden, dass die Ladestation erst angefahren wird, wenn die Ladestation wieder zum Laden des Fahrzeugs bereitstellt. So kann verhindert werden, dass die Ladestation relativ zügig angefahren wird, das Fahrzeug dann jedoch längere Zeit an der Ladestation warten muss. Weiter ist es möglich, durch Anpassen des Fahrverhaltens des Fahrzeugs zu verhindern, dass die Ladestation längere Zeit unbesetzt ist. Dadurch kann ein ungewolltes Zuparken der Ladestation durch ein Fremdfahrzeug verhindert werden. The invention makes it possible to adapt the driving behavior of the vehicle in such a way that a charging station can be approached optimally. If the charging station is currently already occupied, the driving behavior can, for example, be adapted in such a way that the charging station is only approached when the charging station is ready to charge the vehicle again. This can prevent the charging station from being approached relatively quickly, but the vehicle then having to wait a longer time at the charging station. Next it is possible through Adjusting the driving behavior of the vehicle to prevent the charging station from being unoccupied for a long time. This can prevent unintentional parking of the charging station by another vehicle.
Die Fahrparameter können beispielsweise eine Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs und/oder einen Geschwindigkeitsverlauf des Fahrzeugs umfassen. Insbesondere kann die Recheneinrichtung der Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug dazu ausgebildet sein, die Geschwindigkeit zumindest abschnittsweise zu verringern, falls sie anhand des Antwortsignals erkennt, dass die Ladestation derzeit bereits belegt ist. The driving parameters can include, for example, a speed of the vehicle and / or a speed profile of the vehicle. In particular, the computing device of the charging management device for the vehicle can be designed to reduce the speed at least in sections if it recognizes from the response signal that the charging station is currently already occupied.
Die Fahrparameter können zusätzlich oder alternativ eine Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs umfassen. Die Recheneinrichtung der Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug kann beispielweise eine alternative Fahrtroute auswählen, um die Ladestation zu erreichen, falls diese bereits belegt ist. Die Fahrtdauer entlang der alternativen Fahrtroute kann länger sein als die Fahrtdauer entlang der ursprünglichen Fahrtroute, jedoch sonstige Vorzüge aufweisen, etwa einen geringeren Energieverbrauch aufgrund geringerer Geschwindigkeit oder geringerer Steigung, geringere oder keine Mautgebühren, eine schönere Aussicht, eine geringere Staugefahr oder dergleichen. The driving parameters can additionally or alternatively include a route for the vehicle. The computing device of the charging management device for the vehicle can, for example, select an alternative route in order to reach the charging station if it is already occupied. The travel time along the alternative route can be longer than the travel time along the original route, but have other advantages, such as lower energy consumption due to lower speed or lower incline, lower or no tolls, a better view, a lower risk of congestion or the like.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung umfasst das Antwortsignal eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug, zu dem die Ladestation voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht. Die Recheneinrichtung der Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug kann die Fahrparameter, etwa die Geschwindigkeit oder die Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs, derart berechnen, dass das Fahrzeug voraussichtlich zu der optimalen Ankunftszeit oder zumindest nur kurze Zeit vor oder nach der optimalen Ankunftszeit an der Ladestation ankommt. According to a preferred development, the response signal includes an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle. The computing device of the charge management device for the vehicle can calculate the driving parameters, such as the speed or the route of the vehicle, in such a way that the vehicle is expected to arrive at the charging station at the optimal arrival time or at least only a short time before or after the optimal arrival time.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist die Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug weiter eine Steuereinrichtung auf, welche das Fahrzeug anhand der von der Recheneinrichtung ausgegebenen Fahrparameter steuert. Beispielsweise kann die Steuereinrichtung die Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs einstellen. Bei einem autonom oder teilautonom betriebenen Fahrzeug kann die Steuereinrichtung das Fahrzeug entlang der von der Recheneinrichtung berechneten Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs steuern. According to a preferred development, the charge management device for the vehicle also has a control device which controls the vehicle on the basis of the driving parameters output by the computing device. For example, the control device can set the speed of the vehicle. In the case of an autonomously or partially autonomously operated vehicle, the Control device control the vehicle along the route of the vehicle calculated by the computing device.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist die Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug weiter eine Anzeige auf, welche in Abhängigkeit der von der Recheneinrichtung ausgegebenen Fahrparameter einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs einen Fahrvorschlag anzeigt. Beispielsweise kann dem Fahrer eine vorgeschlagene Geschwindigkeit angezeigt werden oder dem Fahrer kann über ein Navigationssystem eine vorgeschlagene Fahrtroute angezeigt werden. According to a preferred development, the charge management device for the vehicle furthermore has a display which shows a driving proposal to a driver of the vehicle as a function of the driving parameters output by the computing device. For example, a suggested speed can be displayed to the driver or a suggested route can be displayed to the driver via a navigation system.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des Managementverfahrens zum Laden des Fahrzeugs wird das Fahrzeug anhand der berechneten Fahrparameter gesteuert. According to a preferred development of the management method for charging the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled on the basis of the calculated driving parameters.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des Managementverfahrens zum Laden des Fahrzeugs wird in Abhängigkeit der berechneten Fahrparameter einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs ein Fahrvorschlag auf einer Anzeige angezeigt. According to a preferred development of the management method for charging the vehicle, a driving proposal is shown to a driver of the vehicle on a display as a function of the calculated driving parameters.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Managementverfahrens wird in dem Fall, dass Ladewunschsignale von einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen empfangen werden , eine Priorisierung der Fahrzeuge durchgeführt. Die optimalen Ankunftszeiten für die Fahrzeuge werden in Abhängigkeit von der Priorisierung der Fahrzeuge berechnet. Etwa können die Ankunftszeiten der Fahrzeuge derart berechnet werden, dass die Fahrzeuge in der Reihenfolge der Priorisierung an der Ladestation ankommen. Die Ankunftszeiten sind somit der Priorisierung entsprechend geordnet. Die Priorisierung kann beispielsweise anhand des Ladezustands und/oder der maximalen Reichweite und/oder der geplanten Reiseroute der Fahrzeuge und/oder anhand eines dem Fahrzeug zugeordneten Status erfolgen. According to a preferred embodiment of the management method, in the event that charging request signals are received from a large number of vehicles, the vehicles are prioritized. The optimal arrival times for the vehicles are calculated depending on the prioritization of the vehicles. For example, the arrival times of the vehicles can be calculated in such a way that the vehicles arrive at the charging station in the order in which they are prioritized. The arrival times are thus arranged according to the prioritization. The prioritization can take place, for example, on the basis of the state of charge and / or the maximum range and / or the planned travel route of the vehicles and / or on the basis of a status assigned to the vehicle.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Es zeigen: Figur 1 ein schematisches Blockdiagramm einesShow it: Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a
Lademanagementsystems gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, mit einer Lademanagementvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung und mit einer Lademanagementvorrichtung für eine Ladestation gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung; Charge management system according to one embodiment of the invention, with a charge management device for a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention and with a charge management device for a charging station according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figur 2 eine schematische Illustration verschiedener möglicherFigure 2 is a schematic illustration of various possible
Fahrdistanzen; und Driving distances; and
Figur 3 ein Flussdiagramm eines Managementverfahrens zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung. FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a management method for charging a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Die Nummerierung von Verfahrensschritten dient der Übersichtlichkeit und soll im Allgemeinen keine bestimmte zeitliche Reihenfolge implizieren. Insbesondere können auch mehrere Verfahrensschritte gleichzeitig durchgeführt werden. The numbering of process steps is for the sake of clarity and is generally not intended to imply a specific chronological order. In particular, several method steps can also be carried out simultaneously.
Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele Description of the exemplary embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt ein schematisches Blockdiagramm eines Lademanagementsystems 100 mit einer Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere ein Elektrofahrzeug oder ein Plug-in-Hybrid-Fahrzeug, und einer Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 für eine Ladestation zum Laden von Fahrzeugen. Unter einer Ladestation kann eine Vorrichtung zum Aufladen eines einzelnen Fahrzeugs oder auch von mehreren Fahrzeugen verstanden werden. FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a charging management system 100 with a charging management device 1 for a motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and a charging management device 2 for a charging station for charging vehicles. A charging station can be understood to mean a device for charging a single vehicle or also several vehicles.
Die Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 für das Fahrzeug ist vorzugsweise in dem Fahrzeug selbst angeordnet und umfasst eine erste Kommunikationsschnittstelle 11, eine erste Recheneinrichtung 12, eine Steuereinrichtung 13 und eine Anzeige 14. The charge management device 1 for the vehicle is preferably arranged in the vehicle itself and comprises a first communication interface 11, a first computing device 12, a control device 13 and a display 14.
Die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 für die Ladestation ist vorzugsweise in oder an der Ladestation angeordnet und umfasst eine zweite Kommunikationsschnittstelle 21, eine zweite Recheneinrichtung 22, eine Prüfeinrichtung 23 und eine Ladesteuereinrichtung 24. Die erste und die zweite Kommunikationsschnittstellen 11, 21 sind dazu ausgebildet, miteinander zu kommunizieren, insbesondere über eine Funkverbindung. Die erste und zweite Recheneinrichtung 12, 22 umfassen mindestens einen Mikroprozessor zum Durchführen der Berechnungen. The charging management device 2 for the charging station is preferably arranged in or on the charging station and comprises a second communication interface 21, a second computing device 22, a testing device 23 and a charging control device 24. The first and second communication interfaces 11, 21 are designed to communicate with one another, in particular via a radio link. The first and second computing devices 12, 22 comprise at least one microprocessor for performing the calculations.
Über die erste Kommunikationsschnittstelle 11 wird ein Ladewunschsignal an die zweite Kommunikationsschnittstelle 21 gesendet. Das Ladewunschsignal kann von einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs oder von einem Fahrerassistenzsystem des Fahrzeugs erzeugt werden, und dient dazu, die Ladestation freizuhalten oder für das Fahrzeug zu reservieren. Unter dem Begriff „reservieren“ kann auch umfasst sein, dass die Ladestation blockiert wird, etwa durch ein bereits an der Ladestation befindliches Fahrzeug. Durch Abstimmung zwischen einfahrenden und bereits an der Ladestation befindlichen Fahrzeugen soll ein möglichst nahtloser Übergang erreicht werden. Mit dem Ladewunschsignal kann eine voraussichtliche Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation übertragen werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann eine Distanz des Fahrzeugs von der Ladestation mit dem Ladewunschsignal übertragen werden. A charge request signal is sent to the second communication interface 21 via the first communication interface 11. The charging request signal can be generated by a driver of the vehicle or by a driver assistance system of the vehicle and is used to keep the charging station free or to reserve it for the vehicle. The term “reserve” can also include the fact that the charging station is blocked, for example by a vehicle that is already at the charging station. A seamless transition should be achieved by coordinating the approaching vehicles with those already at the charging station. An estimated time of arrival of the vehicle at the charging station can be transmitted with the charging request signal. Alternatively or additionally, a distance between the vehicle and the charging station can be transmitted with the charging request signal.
Das über die zweite Kommunikationsschnittstelle 21 empfangene Ladewunschsignal wird von der zweiten Recheneinrichtung 22 ausgewertet. Die zweite Recheneinrichtung 22 ist weiter mit der Prüfeinrichtung 23 verbunden, welche überprüft, ob die Ladestation bereits durch mindestens ein weiteres Fahrzeug belegt ist. Insbesondere kann die Prüfeinrichtung 23 prüfen, ob eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem weiteren Fahrzeug und der Ladestation besteht. Erkennt die Recheneinrichtung 22, dass die Ladestation bereits vollständig belegt ist, kann einem Mobilgerät 3 eines Fahrers des weiteren Fahrzeugs über die zweite Kommunikationsschnittstelle 21 mitgeteilt werden, dass das Fahrzeug ebenfalls an der Ladestation aufgeladen werden möchte. Der Fahrer kann über das Mobilgerät 3 bestätigen, dass er dies zur Kenntnis genommen hat und kann gegebenenfalls bestätigen, dass er sein eigenes Fahrzeug möglichst bald nach Beendigung des Ladevorgangs wegbewegen wird. Weiter kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Fahrer am Mobilgerät 3 einen Zeitpunkt oder einen Zeitraum angibt, in welchem er vorhat, das weitere Fahrzeug wegzubewegen. Hat der Fahrer nicht vor, das Fahrzeug in nächster Zeit zu bewegen, kann er dies ebenfalls mitteilen. Es kann weiter vorgesehen sein, dass der Fahrer jedes Mal beim Beginn des Ladevorgangs angeben muss, zu welchem Zeitpunkt oder in welchem Zeitraum er beabsichtigt, das Fahrzeug wieder wegzubewegen. Dem Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs kann auch ein Vorschlag unterbreitet werden, auf vollständiges Aufladen zu verzichten, sodass die Ladestation rechtzeitig zur Ankunft des Fahrzeugs bereitsteht. Der Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs kann im Rahmen eines Bonussystems, etwa durch Preisreduktion, zum Verzicht auf vollständiges Aufladen bewegt werden. Insbesondere falls das weitere Fahrzeug aufgrund der Reiseplanung kein vollständiges Aufladen benötigt, kann dies vorteilhaft sein. Die Ladesteuereinrichtung 24 kann in diesem Fall das Laden des weiteren Fahrzeugs entsprechend steuern, indem die Ladezeit verkürzt wird. Insbesondere kann die Ladesteuereinrichtung 24 die Ladezeit des weiteren Fahrzeugs in Abhängigkeit der voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs einstellen. The charge request signal received via the second communication interface 21 is evaluated by the second computing device 22. The second computing device 22 is also connected to the testing device 23, which checks whether the charging station is already occupied by at least one other vehicle. In particular, the test device 23 can check whether there is an electrical connection between the further vehicle and the charging station. If the computing device 22 detects that the charging station is already fully occupied, a mobile device 3 of a driver of the further vehicle can be informed via the second communication interface 21 that the vehicle would also like to be charged at the charging station. The driver can confirm via the mobile device 3 that he has taken note of this and, if necessary, can confirm that he will move his own vehicle away as soon as possible after the end of the charging process. It can further be provided that the driver specifies a point in time or a period of time on the mobile device 3 in which he intends to move the further vehicle away. Does the driver not plan to close the vehicle in the near future? move, he can also communicate this. It can further be provided that the driver must indicate at what point in time or in what period of time he intends to move the vehicle away again at the start of the charging process. A proposal can also be made to the driver of the additional vehicle to dispense with full charging so that the charging station is ready in time for the vehicle to arrive. The driver of the additional vehicle can be induced to forego full charging within the framework of a bonus system, for example through a price reduction. This can be advantageous in particular if the additional vehicle does not need full charging due to travel planning. In this case, the charging control device 24 can control the charging of the further vehicle accordingly by shortening the charging time. In particular, the charging control device 24 can set the charging time of the further vehicle as a function of the expected arrival time of the vehicle.
Die zweite Recheneinrichtung 22 kann, gegebenenfalls in Abhängigkeit von den über das Mobilgerät 3 von dem Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs erhaltenen Informationen, den Zeitpunkt berechnen, zu welchem das weitere Fahrzeug voraussichtlich weg bewegt wird. In Abhängigkeit von diesem Zeitpunkt berechnet die zweite Recheneinrichtung 22 eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug.The second computing device 22 can, if necessary depending on the information received via the mobile device 3 from the driver of the further vehicle, calculate the point in time at which the further vehicle is likely to be moved away. As a function of this point in time, the second computing device 22 calculates an optimal arrival time for the vehicle.
Die optimale Ankunftszeit kann identisch zu diesem Zeitpunkt gewählt werden oder eine vorgegebene Zeitspanne vor diesem Zeitpunkt. Die zweite Recheneinrichtung 22 kann auch dazu ausgebildet sein, zusätzlich eine Varianz der Ankunftszeit bzw. eine Varianz der optimalen Ankunftszeit zu bestimmen. Insbesondere kann hierzu der Zeitpunkt, zu welchem das weitere Fahrzeug voraussichtlich weg bewegt wird, als normalverteilt angenommen werden. Die optimale Ankunftszeit kann beispielweise derart gewählt werden, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass das weitere Fahrzeug zu diesem Zeitpunkt wegbewegt wird, größer als ein vorgegebener Prozentsatz ist. Die optimale Ankunftszeit kann auch anhand der Wahrscheinlichkeit bestimmt werden, dass das weitere Fahrzeug zu einem Zeitpunkt noch nicht wegbewegt wird. The optimal arrival time can be chosen identically at this point in time or a predetermined time period before this point in time. The second computing device 22 can also be designed to additionally determine a variance of the arrival time or a variance of the optimal arrival time. In particular, the point in time at which the further vehicle is expected to be moved away can be assumed to be normally distributed. The optimal arrival time can be selected, for example, in such a way that the probability that the further vehicle will be moved away at this point in time is greater than a predefined percentage. The optimal arrival time can also be determined on the basis of the probability that the further vehicle will not yet be moved away at a point in time.
Die zweite Kommunikationsschnittstelle 21 sendet ein Antwortsignal an die erste Kommunikationsschnittstelle 11 und übermittelt so die optimale Ankunftszeit. Die erste Recheneinrichtung 12 berechnet in Abhängigkeit von dem Antwortsignal Fahrparameter des Fahrzeugs. Beispielweise kann die erste Recheneinrichtung 12 eine Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs berechnen, welche erforderlich ist, um zur optimalen Ankunftszeit an der Ladestation anzukommen. Die Geschwindigkeit kann hierbei auch für verschiedene Streckenabschnitte variieren. Die erste Recheneinrichtung 12 kann weiter überprüfen, ob diese Geschwindigkeit mit den zulässigen Höchstgeschwindigkeiten kompatibel ist. Ist dies der Fall, kann dem Fahrer über die Anzeige 14 die entsprechende Geschwindigkeit als Vorschlag angezeigt werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Recheneinrichtung 12 eine optimale Fahrtroute berechnen, um die Ladestation möglichst zu der optimalen Ankunftszeit zu erreichen. Die optimale Fahrtroute kann dem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs über die Anzeige 14 angezeigt werden. The second communication interface 21 sends a response signal to the first communication interface 11 and thus transmits the optimal arrival time. The First computing device 12 calculates driving parameters of the vehicle as a function of the response signal. For example, the first computing device 12 can calculate a speed of the vehicle which is required to arrive at the charging station at the optimal arrival time. The speed can also vary for different route sections. The first computing device 12 can further check whether this speed is compatible with the maximum permitted speeds. If this is the case, the corresponding speed can be displayed to the driver as a suggestion via the display 14. Alternatively or additionally, the computing device 12 can calculate an optimal travel route in order to reach the charging station at the optimal arrival time as possible. The optimal route can be displayed to the driver of the vehicle via the display 14.
Anstatt die Geschwindigkeit und/oder die optimale Fahrtroute dem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs anzuzeigen, kann die Steuereinrichtung 13 dazu ausgebildet sein, das Fahrzeug entsprechend zu steuern. Insbesondere kann die Steuereinrichtung 13 die Geschwindigkeit entsprechend anpassen oder das Fahrzeug entsprechend lenken. Instead of displaying the speed and / or the optimal route to the driver of the vehicle, the control device 13 can be designed to control the vehicle accordingly. In particular, the control device 13 can adjust the speed accordingly or steer the vehicle accordingly.
Wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, kann sich das Fahrzeug zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt an einem ersten Ort xO befinden. Ein Ladewunschsignal wird an die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 einer ersten Ladestation an einem zweiten Ort xl übertragen, wobei sich die erste Ladestation in einer Entfernung dl von dem ersten Ort xO befindet. Die Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs und/oder die Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs werden derart angepasst, dass das Fahrzeug die erste Ladestation möglichst zu der optimalen Ankunftszeit erreicht. Ergibt sich, dass aufgrund von Energieeinsparungen als Folge der angepassten Fahrparameter eine zweite Ladestation an einem dritten Ort x2 erreicht werden kann, welche ebenfalls von der Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 verwaltet wird, kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung dies dem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs anzeigen, und dieser kann entscheiden, erst die weiter entfernte zweite Ladestation anzufahren. Bei der Anzeige der möglichen Ladestationen kann auch berücksichtigt werden, dass der Fahrer mindestens eine Strecke dO ohne Unterbrechung zurücklegen möchte, welche von dem Fahrer vorgegeben sein kann. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle can be at a first location xO at a specific point in time. A charging request signal is transmitted to the charging management device 2 of a first charging station at a second location xl, the first charging station being at a distance dl from the first location xO. The speed of the vehicle and / or the route of the vehicle are adjusted in such a way that the vehicle reaches the first charging station at the optimal arrival time, if possible. If it turns out that, due to energy savings as a result of the adjusted driving parameters, a second charging station can be reached at a third location x2, which is also managed by the charging management device 2, the charging management device can indicate this to the driver of the vehicle, who can then decide which to drive to a second charging station further away. When displaying the possible charging stations, it can also be taken into account that the driver would like to cover at least one distance dO without interruption, which can be specified by the driver.
Figur 3 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm eines Managementverfahrens zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs. FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a management method for charging a vehicle.
In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt S1 wird ein Ladewunschsignal von einer Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 eines Fahrzeugs an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 einer Ladestation gesendet. Das Ladewunschsignal kann neben einer Reservierungsanfrage auch die voraussichtliche Ankunftszeit und/oder die derzeitige Position und/oder Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs umfassen. Weiter kann das Ladewunschsignal Informationen über die derzeitige Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs umfassen. Allgemein kann das Ladewunschsignal anhand von GPS- und Kartendaten ermittelte Informationen umfassen, anhand welcher die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 der Ladestation die voraussichtliche Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs prognostizieren kann. Das Ladewunschsignal kann weiter einen Ladezustand des Fahrzeugs umfassen, sowie eine minimale Distanz dO, welche der Fahrer mindestens noch zurücklegen möchte, bevor er das Fahrzeug lädt. In a first method step S1, a charge request signal is sent from a charge management device 1 of a vehicle to a charge management device 2 of a charging station. In addition to a reservation request, the charge request signal can also include the expected arrival time and / or the current position and / or speed of the vehicle. The charge request signal can also include information about the current route of the vehicle. In general, the charge request signal can include information determined using GPS and map data, on the basis of which the charge management device 2 of the charging station can predict the expected arrival time of the vehicle. The charge request signal can further include a charge status of the vehicle and a minimum distance dO that the driver would like to cover at least before charging the vehicle.
Die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 kann im Allgemeinen eine Vielzahl von Ladestationen verwalten. In Abhängigkeit von dem Ladewunschsignal kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 die geeignetste Ladestation ermitteln. The charging management device 2 can generally manage a plurality of charging stations. The charging management device 2 can determine the most suitable charging station as a function of the charging request signal.
In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt S2 überprüft die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2, ob diese Ladestation zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit zum Laden verfügbar ist. Hierzu kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 überprüfen, ob derzeit ein Platz zum Aufladen des Fahrzeugs frei ist, oder ob die Ladestation vollständig durch mindestens ein weiteres Fahrzeug belegt ist. Weiter kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 prognostizieren, ob die Ladestation auch zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit noch vollständig belegt ist. Insbesondere kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 hierbei die Zeitdifferenz zwischen dem jetzigen Zeitpunkt und der voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs berücksichtigen. Die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 kann statistische Daten berücksichtigen, welche die durchschnittliche Verweildauer von Fahrzeugen zum Laden beschreiben, wobei der aktuelle Ladezustand des weiteren Fahrzeugs berücksichtigt wird. Die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 kann hierzu weiter die Ankunftszeiten von Fahrzeugen berücksichtigen, welche derzeit die Ladestation belegen. In a further method step S2, the charging management device 2 checks whether this charging station is available for charging at the estimated time of arrival. For this purpose, the charging management device 2 can check whether there is currently a free space for charging the vehicle, or whether the charging station is completely occupied by at least one other vehicle. Furthermore, the charging management device 2 can predict whether the charging station is still fully occupied at the estimated time of arrival. In particular, the charge management device 2 can take into account the time difference between the current point in time and the expected arrival time of the vehicle. The Charge management device 2 can take into account statistical data which describe the average length of stay of vehicles for charging, taking into account the current state of charge of the further vehicle. For this purpose, the charging management device 2 can also take into account the arrival times of vehicles which are currently occupying the charging station.
Falls zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit ein Platz zum Aufladen des Fahrzeugs verfügbar ist, kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 in einem Verfahrensschritt S3 den Platz zumindest zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs reservieren und dem Fahrzeug mitteilen, dass die Ladestation zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit verfügbar ist. If a place for charging the vehicle is available at the estimated arrival time, the charging management device 2 can reserve the place at least at the estimated arrival time of the vehicle in a method step S3 and inform the vehicle that the charging station is available at the estimated arrival time.
Falls zur voraussichtlichen Ankunftszeit voraussichtlich kein Platz zum Aufladen des Fahrzeugs verfügbar ist, kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 mindestens einen Fahrer eines weiteren Fahrzeugs, welches derzeit die Ladestation belegt, von dem Ladewunsch informieren, S4. Der Fahrer kann gebeten werden, direkt nach dem Aufladen des weiteren Fahrzeugs die Ladestation zu verlassen. Der Fahrer kann auch aufgefordert werden, eine voraussichtliche Abfahrtszeit anzugeben, wobei der Fahrer beispielsweise aus einer Liste mit mehreren Optionen wählen kann. Dem Fahrer kann hierzu eine entsprechende Nachricht angezeigt werden, etwa auf einem Display des Fahrzeugs oder mittels einer App eines mobilen Geräts. Dem Fahrer können zusätzliche Anreize geboten werden, die Ladestation möglichst früh zu räumen, etwa in Form eines Preisnachlasses. If there is probably no space available for charging the vehicle at the estimated time of arrival, the charging management device 2 can inform at least one driver of another vehicle that is currently occupying the charging station of the charging request, S4. The driver can be asked to leave the charging station immediately after charging the additional vehicle. The driver can also be requested to indicate an estimated departure time, the driver being able to choose from a list with several options, for example. A corresponding message can be displayed to the driver for this, for example on a display of the vehicle or by means of an app on a mobile device. The driver can be offered additional incentives to vacate the charging station as early as possible, for example in the form of a price reduction.
In einem Verfahrensschritt S5 ermittelt die Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 der Ladestation, ob der Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs auf die Anfrage reagiert hat. Ist dies nicht der Fall, wird in einem Verfahrensschritt S6 in Antwort auf das Ladewunschsignal mitgeteilt, dass die Ladestation zur prognostizierten Ankunftszeit voraussichtlich nicht verfügbar sein wird. Entsprechend kann das Fahrzeug gegebenenfalls eine andere Ladestation aufsuchen. Alternativ kann es auch möglich sein, eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug, zu dem die Ladestation voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht, anhand von statistischen Daten zu bestimmen. Insbesondere kann die optimale Ankunftszeit derart gewählt werden, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass die Ladestation zu diesem Zeitpunkt zur Verfügung steht, größer als ein vorgegebener Prozentsatz ist, beispielsweise 80 Prozent oder 90 Prozent. Zum Berechnen der optimalen Ankunftszeit kann beispielsweise angenommen werden, dass die Verweildauer normalverteilt ist. Bei der Berechnung der optimalen Ankunftszeit kann auch die derzeitige Position des Fahrers des weiteren Fahrzeugs berücksichtigt werden. Befindet sich dieser relativ weit von der Ladestation entfernt, kann berücksichtigt werden, dass der Fahrer eine gewisse Zeit benötigen wird, um zum weiteren Fahrzeug zurückzukehren. In a method step S5, the charging management device 2 of the charging station determines whether the driver of the further vehicle has responded to the request. If this is not the case, in a method step S6, in response to the charge request signal, it is reported that the charging station will probably not be available at the predicted arrival time. Accordingly, the vehicle can go to another charging station if necessary. Alternatively, it may also be possible to use statistical data to determine an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle. In particular, the optimal Arrival time can be chosen such that the probability that the charging station is available at this point in time is greater than a predetermined percentage, for example 80 percent or 90 percent. To calculate the optimal arrival time, it can be assumed, for example, that the dwell time is normally distributed. When calculating the optimal arrival time, the current position of the driver of the further vehicle can also be taken into account. If this is relatively far away from the charging station, it can be taken into account that the driver will need a certain time to return to the other vehicle.
Anhand von Standortdaten kann auch erkannt werden, dass der Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs erst nach einer gewissen Zeit zurückkehren wird, weil er sich beispielsweise in einem Restaurant aufhält. Die ermittelte optimale Ankunftszeit wird schließlich an die Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 des Fahrzeugs übermittelt. On the basis of location data, it can also be recognized that the driver of the further vehicle will only return after a certain time, because he is, for example, in a restaurant. The determined optimal arrival time is finally transmitted to the charge management device 1 of the vehicle.
Hat der Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs auf die Anfrage der Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 geantwortet und eine voraussichtliche Zeit mitgeteilt, zu welcher er die Ladestation verlassen wird, wird diese als optimale Ankunftszeit an die Lademanagementvorrichtung des Fahrzeugs übermittelt, S7. If the driver of the further vehicle has responded to the request of the charge management device 2 and has reported an estimated time at which he will leave the charging station, this is transmitted as the optimal arrival time to the charge management device of the vehicle, S7.
In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt S8 berechnet die Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 des Fahrzeugs anhand der optimalen Ankunftszeit Fahrparameter des Fahrzeugs, welche die tatsächliche Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation beeinflussen. Die Fahrparameter werden vorzugsweise derart gewählt, dass die voraussichtliche tatsächliche Ankunftszeit der optimalen Ankunftszeit entspricht. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die voraussichtliche tatsächliche Ankunftszeit nach der optimalen Ankunftszeit liegt. In a further method step S8, the charging management device 1 of the vehicle uses the optimal arrival time to calculate driving parameters of the vehicle which influence the actual arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station. The driving parameters are preferably selected such that the expected actual arrival time corresponds to the optimal arrival time. It can also be provided that the expected actual arrival time is after the optimal arrival time.
Die anzupassenden Fahrparameter können eine Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs umfassen, welche von dem jeweiligen Streckenabschnitt abhängig sein kann. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann auch die Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs angepasst werden. The driving parameters to be adjusted can include a speed of the vehicle, which can be dependent on the respective route section. Additionally or alternatively, the route of the vehicle can also be adapted.
In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt S9 können die anzupassenden Fahrparameter einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs auf eine Anzeige 14 angezeigt werden. Der Fahrer kann anschließend selbst entscheiden, ob er die Fahrparameter entsprechend anpasst, beispielsweise die Geschwindigkeit dem Fahrvorschlag entsprechend reduziert oder die Fahrtroute ändert. In a further method step S9, the driving parameters to be adjusted can be displayed to a driver of the vehicle on a display 14 will. The driver can then decide for himself whether to adapt the driving parameters accordingly, for example to reduce the speed according to the driving suggestion or to change the route.
Weiter kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Fahrparameter automatisch angepasst werden, etwa bei zumindest teilweise selbstfahrenden Fahrzeugen, wobei einzelne oder sämtliche Fahrfunktionen automatisch übernommen werden. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the driving parameters are automatically adapted, for example in the case of at least partially self-driving vehicles, with individual or all driving functions being automatically taken over.
Die Fahrparameter können mithilfe von Optimierungsverfahren angepasst werden, etwa indem der zu erwartende Energieverbrauch minimiert wird. Hierzu können auch Vorgaben des Fahrers berücksichtigt werden, etwa Höchst- oder Mindestgeschwindigkeiten, vorgegebene Orte, an welchen die Fahrtroute vorbeiführen soll oder Vorgaben bezüglich möglicher Mautgebühren. The driving parameters can be adjusted using optimization methods, for example by minimizing the expected energy consumption. For this purpose, the driver's specifications can also be taken into account, for example maximum or minimum speeds, specified locations at which the route is to pass or specifications relating to possible tolls.
Weiter kann auch die anzufahrende Ladestation geändert werden, falls etwa aufgrund der geänderten Fahrparameter auch eine weiter entfernte Ladestation problemlos erreicht werden kann. Hierzu kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung des Fahrzeugs den momentanen Ladezustand der Batterie des Fahrzeugs berücksichtigen. Bevor das Fahrzeug die weiter entfernte Ladestation ansteuert, kann die Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 des Fahrzeugs ein Ladewunschsignal an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung 2 der weiter entfernten Ladestation senden. Falls die weiter entfernte Ladestation belegt ist und/oder eine Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen bereits ein Ladewunschsignal an die weiter entfernte Ladestation gesendet haben, kann das Fahrzeug die näherliegende Ladestation anfahren. Bei der Bestimmung der Ladestation, welche das Fahrzeug anfährt, können Stoppwünsche des Fahrers berücksichtigt werden, etwa in Form einer Gewichtung der einzelnen Ladestationen. The charging station to be approached can also be changed if, for example, due to the changed driving parameters, a more distant charging station can be reached without any problems. To this end, the vehicle's charge management device can take into account the current state of charge of the vehicle's battery. Before the vehicle drives to the more distant charging station, the charge management device 1 of the vehicle can send a charge request signal to a charge management device 2 of the more distant charging station. If the charging station further away is occupied and / or a large number of vehicles have already sent a charging request signal to the charging station further away, the vehicle can move to the charging station located closer. When determining the charging station that the vehicle is approaching, the driver's stop requests can be taken into account, for example in the form of a weighting of the individual charging stations.
Die Lademanagementvorrichtung für das Fahrzeug kann auch dazu ausgebildet sein, die Fahrparameter von einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen gemeinsam anzupassen, um die Wartezeiten möglichst zu reduzieren. The charge management device for the vehicle can also be designed to jointly adapt the driving parameters of a large number of vehicles in order to reduce the waiting times as much as possible.
Weiter kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Lademanagementvorrichtung 1 des Fahrzeugs bestätigt, dass das Fahrzeug die ausgewählte Ladestation aufsuchen möchte. Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Fahrer des weiteren Fahrzeugs, welches die Ladestation derzeit belegt, erst nach der Bestätigung von dem Ladewunsch informiert wird, S4. Weiter kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die ausgewählteFurthermore, it can also be provided that the charging management device 1 of the vehicle confirms that the vehicle is visiting the selected charging station would like to. It can be provided that the driver of the further vehicle which is currently occupying the charging station is only informed of the charging request after confirmation, S4. Furthermore, it can be provided that a driver of the vehicle does the selected
Ladestation oder die vorgeschlagenen Fahrparameter ablehnen kann. In diesem Fall wird eine neue Ladestation ausgewählt bzw. werden neue Fahrparameter ermittelt. Reject the charging station or the proposed driving parameters. In this case, a new charging station is selected or new driving parameters are determined.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug, mit: einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle (11), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Ladewunschsignal an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) einer Ladestation zu senden, und ein Antwortsignal von der Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) der Ladestation zu empfangen, und einer Recheneinrichtung (12), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, unter Verwendung des Antwortsignals Fahrparameter des Fahrzeugs zu berechnen, welche eine Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation beeinflussen, und die Fahrparameter auszugeben. 1. A charging management device (1) for a vehicle, comprising: a communication interface (11) which is designed to send a charging request signal to a charging management device (2) of a charging station and to receive a response signal from the charging management device (2) of the charging station, and a computing device (12) which is designed to use the response signal to calculate driving parameters of the vehicle which influence an arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station, and to output the driving parameters.
2. Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Fahrparameter mindestens eines umfassen von einer Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs, einem Geschwindigkeitsverlauf des Fahrzeugs und einer Fahrtroute des Fahrzeugs zu der Ladestation. 2. The charging management device (1) for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the driving parameters include at least one of a speed of the vehicle, a speed profile of the vehicle and a travel route of the vehicle to the charging station.
3. Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, weiter mit einer Steuereinrichtung (13), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, das Fahrzeug anhand der von der Recheneinrichtung (12) ausgegebenen Fahrparameter zu steuern. 3. Charge management device (1) for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a control device (13) which is designed to control the vehicle on the basis of the driving parameters output by the computing device (12).
4. Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, weiter mit einer Anzeige (14), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, in Abhängigkeit der von der Recheneinrichtung (12) ausgegebenen Fahrparameter einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs einen Fahrvorschlag anzuzeigen. 4. Charge management device (1) for a vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, further with a display (14) which is designed to display a driving proposal to a driver of the vehicle as a function of the driving parameters output by the computing device (12).
5. Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) für eine Ladestation zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs, mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle (21), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Ladewunschsignal von einer Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug zu empfangen; und einer Recheneinrichtung (22), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, eine optimale Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug zu berechnen, zu dem die Ladestation voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht; wobei die Kommunikationsschnittstelle (21) dazu ausgebildet ist, unter Verwendung der optimalen Ankunftszeit ein Antwortsignal an die Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für das Fahrzeug auszugeben. 5. Charge management device (2) for a charging station for charging a vehicle, with a communication interface (21) which is designed to be a To receive a charge request signal from a charge management device (1) for a vehicle; and a computing device (22) which is designed to calculate an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle; wherein the communication interface (21) is designed to output a response signal to the charge management device (1) for the vehicle using the optimal arrival time.
6. Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) für eine Ladestation nach Anspruch 5, weiter mit einer Prüfeinrichtung (23), welche dazu ausgebildet ist, zu prüfen, ob die Ladestation bereits durch mindestens ein weiteres Fahrzeug belegt ist, wobei die Kommunikationsschnittstelle (21) dazu ausgebildet ist, Fahrer des mindestens einen weiteren Fahrzeugs von dem Ladewunschsignal zu informieren. 6. Charge management device (2) for a charging station according to claim 5, further with a test device (23) which is designed to check whether the charging station is already occupied by at least one other vehicle, the communication interface (21) being designed to do so To inform the driver of the at least one other vehicle of the charge request signal.
7. Lademanagementsystem (100) mit: einer Lademanagementvorrichtung (1) für ein Fahrzeug gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4; und einer Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) für eine Ladestation zum Laden von Fahrzeugen gemäß einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6. 7. A charge management system (100) comprising: a charge management device (1) for a vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4; and a charging management device (2) for a charging station for charging vehicles according to one of claims 5 or 6.
8. Managementverfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeugs, mit den Schritten: 8. Management procedure for charging a vehicle, with the steps:
Senden (Sl) eines Ladewunschsignals von dem Fahrzeug an eine Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) einer Ladestation; Sending (Sl) a charge request signal from the vehicle to a charge management device (2) of a charging station;
Berechnen (S6, S7) einer optimalen Ankunftszeit für das Fahrzeug, zu dem die Ladestation voraussichtlich zum Laden des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung steht, durch die Lademanagementvorrichtung (2) der Ladestation; und Calculation (S6, S7) of an optimal arrival time for the vehicle at which the charging station is likely to be available for charging the vehicle, by the charging management device (2) of FIG Charging station; and
Berechnen (S8) von Fahrparametern des Fahrzeugs, welche eine tatsächliche Ankunftszeit des Fahrzeugs an der Ladestation beeinflussen, unter Verwendung des Antwortsignals. Calculation (S8) of driving parameters of the vehicle which influence an actual arrival time of the vehicle at the charging station using the response signal.
9. Managementverfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Fahrzeug anhand der berechneten Fahrparameter gesteuert wird (S9). 9. Management method according to claim 8, wherein the vehicle is controlled based on the calculated driving parameters (S9).
10. Managementverfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei in Abhängigkeit der berechneten Fahrparameter einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs ein Fahrvorschlag angezeigt wird (S9). 10. Management method according to claim 8, wherein a driving proposal is displayed to a driver of the vehicle as a function of the calculated driving parameters (S9).
11. Managementverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, wobei, falls Ladewunschsignale von einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen empfangen werden, eine Priorisierung der Fahrzeuge durchgeführt wird, und das Berechnen (S6, S7) der optimalen Ankunftszeit für die Fahrzeuge in Abhängigkeit von der Priorisierung der Fahrzeuge durchgeführt wird. 11. Management method according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, if charging request signals are received from a plurality of vehicles, a prioritization of the vehicles is carried out, and the calculation (S6, S7) of the optimal arrival time for the vehicles depending on the prioritization of the Vehicles is carried out.
PCT/EP2020/068473 2019-08-07 2020-07-01 Charge management apparatuses, charge management system and management method for charging a vehicle WO2021023442A1 (en)

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