WO2021022500A1 - 光学***、摄像模组及汽车 - Google Patents

光学***、摄像模组及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021022500A1
WO2021022500A1 PCT/CN2019/099542 CN2019099542W WO2021022500A1 WO 2021022500 A1 WO2021022500 A1 WO 2021022500A1 CN 2019099542 W CN2019099542 W CN 2019099542W WO 2021022500 A1 WO2021022500 A1 WO 2021022500A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical system
image side
rdy
relationship
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PCT/CN2019/099542
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹海荣
乐宇明
俞炳泽
兰宾利
Original Assignee
南昌欧菲精密光学制品有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 南昌欧菲精密光学制品有限公司 filed Critical 南昌欧菲精密光学制品有限公司
Priority to US17/633,197 priority Critical patent/US20220334352A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/099542 priority patent/WO2021022500A1/zh
Publication of WO2021022500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021022500A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/60—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having five components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/04—Reversed telephoto objectives
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to optical systems, camera modules and automobiles.
  • the camera module installed on the car generally has wide-angle characteristics
  • the first lens of the camera module with wide-angle characteristics generally has a straw hat-shaped structure.
  • the side is relatively curved, which makes the center and edge of the image side bend too much to cause uneven coating, which is easy to produce ghost images and reduce the image quality, which affects the driver's judgment of the orientation and distance of obstacles.
  • an optical system a camera module, and automobile are provided.
  • An optical system from the object side to the image side, includes:
  • a first lens with negative refractive power the object side of the first lens is convex, and the image side of the first lens is concave;
  • a second lens with negative refractive power, the image side surface of the second lens is concave;
  • the third lens with positive refractive power
  • the fourth lens with positive refractive power
  • the fifth lens with negative refractive power is the fifth lens with negative refractive power
  • optical system satisfies the relationship:
  • SD S2 is the Y-direction half aperture of the image side surface of the first lens
  • RDY S2 is the Y radius of the image side surface of the first lens
  • a camera module includes a photosensitive element and the optical system according to any one of the above embodiments, and the photosensitive element is arranged on the image side of the optical system.
  • a car includes a car body, a display device, and a plurality of camera modules as described in the above embodiments.
  • the plurality of camera modules are respectively communicatively connected with the display device.
  • the front side and the rear side of the car body are At least one camera module is provided on the left side and the right side respectively, and the plurality of camera modules can acquire images around the vehicle body, and the images can be displayed on the display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical system provided by the first embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 2 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), astigmatism diagram (mm) and distortion diagram (%) of the optical system in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical system provided by the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of spherical aberration (mm), astigmatism (mm) and distortion (%) of the optical system in the second embodiment;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical system provided by a third embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), astigmatism diagram (mm) and distortion diagram (%) of the optical system in the third embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical system provided by a fourth embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an optical system provided by a fifth embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 10 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), astigmatism diagram (mm) and distortion diagram (%) of the optical system in the fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a camera module applying an optical system according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a car using a camera module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the optical system 100 in the embodiment of the present application sequentially includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, and a third lens L3 with positive refractive power, from the object side to the image side.
  • the fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power and the fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power sequentially includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, and a third lens L3 with positive refractive power, from the object side to the image side.
  • the first lens L1 includes an object side S1 and an image side S2
  • the second lens L2 includes an object side S3 and an image side S4
  • the third lens L3 includes an object side S5 and an image side S6
  • the fourth lens L4 includes an object side S7 and an image side S8
  • the fifth lens L5 includes an object side surface S9 and an image side surface S10.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, respectively, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are respectively non-spherical. Spherical.
  • the object side surface and the image side surface of each lens may also be spherical or aspherical.
  • Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the plane tangent to the apex of the surface
  • r is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis
  • c is the curvature of the aspheric apex
  • k is the conic constant
  • Ai is the aspheric surface formula The coefficient corresponding to the higher-order item of the i-th term.
  • the optical system 100 further includes a stop STO.
  • the stop STO may be provided between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4. It should be noted that when it is described that the diaphragm STO is arranged between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4, the projection of the diaphragm STO on the optical axis can be the same as that of the third lens L3 or the fourth lens L4 on the optical axis. The projections overlap, or may not overlap.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass
  • the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 is plastic, so that the first lens closest to the object side (outside) is made of plastic.
  • One lens L1 can better withstand the influence of the ambient temperature on the object side, and because the other lenses are made of plastic materials, the optical system 100 can also have a lower production cost.
  • the materials of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the plastic material The lens can reduce the weight of the optical system 100 and reduce the production cost.
  • the materials of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all glass. In this case, the optical system 100 can withstand higher temperatures and Has good optical properties.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is provided with an infrared filter L6 made of glass.
  • the infrared filter L6 includes an object side surface S11 and an image side surface S12.
  • the infrared filter L6 is used to filter the light for imaging, specifically to isolate infrared light and prevent infrared light from reaching the image surface S15, thereby preventing infrared light from affecting the color and clarity of the normal image, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system 100 .
  • the infrared filter L6 can be assembled with each lens to form the optical system 100, or it can also be installed between the optical system 100 and the photosensitive element when the optical system 100 and the photosensitive element are assembled into a module.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is provided with a protective glass L7.
  • the cover glass L7 includes an object side surface S13 and an image side surface S14.
  • the protective glass L7 is arranged on the image side of the infrared filter L6 so as to be able to approach the photosensitive element during subsequent assembly into a module, thereby protecting the photosensitive element.
  • the optical system may include a mirror, a diaphragm, a filter, and a protective lens in addition to a lens with refractive power. Glass, photosensitive elements and other components.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the following relationship:
  • SD S2 is the Y-direction half aperture of the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1
  • RDY S2 is the Y radius of the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • RDY S3 is the Y radius of the object side S3 of the second lens L2.
  • RDY S3/RDY S2 may be -13.70, -13.65, -13.60, -5.00, -4.50, -3.00, -2.00, 4.20, 4.70, 5.00, or 5.10.
  • the size of RDY S2 will affect the degree of curvature of the lens and the position where the ghost image appears. The larger the RDY S2, the smoother the lens surface and the closer the ghost image appears to the edge.
  • the RDY S3 value will affect the brightness of the ghost image.
  • the size, intensity, and shape of ghosts vary with the relationship between RDY S2 and RDY S3. When the above relationship is satisfied, RDY S3 and RDY S2 can be properly configured to minimize ghosting.
  • the optical system 100 when RDY S3 is negative, the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship: -15.0 ⁇ RDY S3/RDY S2 ⁇ -7.5;
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship: 3.5 ⁇ RDY S3/RDY S2 ⁇ 5.5.
  • the size and intensity of the ghost can be maintained to a minimum.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • RDY S4 is the Y radius of the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2.
  • RDY S4/f2 may be -0.70, -0.68, -0.65, -0.55.
  • the degree of curvature of the second lens L2 is reasonably controlled to further reduce the size and intensity of the ghost image.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • ⁇ CT68 is the distance from the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 to the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 at the optical axis
  • TTL is the total length of the optical system.
  • ( ⁇ CT68/TTL)*100 may be 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0, 16.6, 17.0, 17.3, or 17.4.
  • the thickness of each lens can be reasonably controlled to effectively shorten the total length of the optical system.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • ImgH is half the image height of the optical system 100 in the horizontal direction, and f is the focal length of the optical system.
  • ImgH/f may be 1.83, 1.84, 1.85, 1.86, or 1.88.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • Dist is the optical distortion of the optical system, and the unit of Dist is %, that is, -110% ⁇ Dist ⁇ 110%. Specifically, Dist can be -108.00, -107.98, or -107.99. When the above relationship is satisfied, the amount of distortion of the entire optical system can be controlled to reduce the problem of excessive distortion that is common in wide-angle lenses.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • f is the focal length of the optical system
  • D is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system 100.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • f45 is the combined focal length of the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5, and f is the focal length of the optical system.
  • f45/f may be 3.20, 3.25, 3.30, 3.35, 3.45, or 3.45.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • Nd2 is the refractive index of the d-line of the second lens L2
  • Nd4 is the refractive index of the d-line of the fourth lens L4
  • Vd2 is the Abbe number of the second lens L2
  • Vd4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens L4.
  • the optical system 100 satisfies the relationship:
  • Nd3 is the refractive index of the d-line of the third lens L3
  • Nd5 is the refractive index of the d-line of the fifth lens L5
  • Vd3 is the Abbe number of the third lens L3
  • Vd5 is the Abbe number of the fifth lens L5.
  • the optical system 100 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the lens L3, the stop STO, the fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power, the fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power, and an infrared filter L6 and a protective glass L7 are sequentially arranged on the image side of the fifth lens L5.
  • 2 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), astigmatism diagram (mm), and distortion diagram (%) of the optical system 100 in the first embodiment.
  • the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram are data diagrams at the reference wavelength.
  • the reference wavelength in this embodiment and the following embodiments is 587.56 nm.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is concave.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex
  • the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the optical system 100 also satisfies the following relationship:
  • SD S2 is the Y-direction half aperture of the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1
  • RDY S2 is the Y radius of the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1.
  • RDY S3/RDY S2 -13.72; where RDY S3 is the Y radius of the object side S3 of the second lens L2.
  • the size of RDY S2 will affect the degree of curvature of the lens and the position where the ghost image appears. The larger the RDY S2, the smoother the lens surface and the closer the ghost image appears to the edge.
  • the RDY S3 value will affect the brightness of the ghost image.
  • the size, intensity, and shape of ghosts change with the relationship between RDY S2 and RDY S3. When the above relationship is satisfied, RDY S3 and RDY S2 can be properly configured to minimize the ghost phenomenon and minimize the ghosting phenomenon. The size and strength are kept to a minimum.
  • RDY S4/f2 -0.56; where RDY S4 is the Y radius of the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2, and f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2.
  • the degree of curvature of the second lens L2 is reasonably controlled to further reduce the size and intensity of the ghost image.
  • ImgH/f 1.86; where ImgH is one-half the image height of the optical system 100 in the horizontal direction, and f is the focal length of the optical system.
  • the image height and the focal length of the optical system can be reasonably configured to reduce the influence of the external conditions on the optical system and stabilize the imaging. At the same time, it is also conducive to the miniaturization of the optical system.
  • Dist -108; Among them, Dist is the optical distortion of the optical system, and the unit of Dist is %. When the above relationship is satisfied, the amount of distortion of the entire optical system can be controlled to reduce the problem of excessive distortion that is common in wide-angle lenses.
  • f/D 2.1; where f is the focal length of the optical system, and D is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical system 100.
  • f45/f 3.19; where f45 is the combined focal length of the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5, and f is the focal length of the optical system.
  • the various parameters of the optical system 100 are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
  • the elements from the object plane to the image plane S15 are arranged in the order of the elements in Table 1 from top to bottom.
  • the surface numbers 1 and 2 are the object side S1 and the image side S2 of the first lens L1 respectively. That is, in the same lens, the surface with the smaller surface number is the object side, and the surface with the larger surface number is the image side.
  • the Y radius in Table 1 is the radius of curvature of the object side or image side at the paraxial position of the corresponding surface number.
  • the first value in the "thickness” parameter column of the first lens L1 is the thickness of the lens on the optical axis
  • the second value is the distance from the image side of the lens to the object side of the latter lens on the optical axis.
  • the “thickness” parameter in the surface number 6 is the distance from the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 to the stop STO.
  • the value of the aperture STO in the "thickness” parameter column is the distance from the aperture STO to the vertex of the object side of the latter lens (the vertex refers to the intersection of the lens and the optical axis) on the optical axis.
  • the direction of the image side of a lens is the positive direction of the optical axis.
  • the aperture STO When the value is negative, it means that the aperture STO is set to the right of the vertex of the object side of the lens.
  • the stop STO When the "thickness" parameter of the aperture STO is positive, The stop STO is on the left side of the vertex of the lens object side.
  • the “thickness” parameter value in the surface number 11 is the distance on the optical axis from the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 to the object side surface S11 of the infrared filter L6.
  • Infrared filter L6 (the filter in Table 1) in the "thickness” parameter, the number corresponding to the number 13 is the distance on the optical axis from the image side S12 of the infrared filter L6 to the object side S13 of the protective glass L7 .
  • Table 2 is a table of related parameters of the aspheric surface of each lens in Table 1, where K is the conic constant, and Ai is the coefficient corresponding to the i-th higher order term in the aspheric
  • the refractive index and focal length of each lens are values at the reference wavelength, which is 587.56 nm.
  • the optical system 100 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power from the object side to the image side.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is further provided with an infrared filter L6 and a protective glass L7 in sequence.
  • 4 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), the astigmatism diagram (mm), and the distortion diagram (%) of the optical system 100 in the second embodiment.
  • the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram are data diagrams at the reference wavelength.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is concave.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex
  • the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the optical system 100 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power in order from the object side to the image side.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is further provided with an infrared filter L6 and a protective glass L7 in sequence.
  • 6 shows the spherical aberration diagram (mm), astigmatism diagram (mm), and distortion diagram (%) of the optical system 100 in the third embodiment, where the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram are data diagrams at the reference wavelength.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is concave
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is concave.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex
  • the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the optical system 100 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power from the object side to the image side.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is further provided with an infrared filter L6 and a protective glass L7 in sequence.
  • FIG. 8 shows a spherical aberration diagram (mm), an astigmatism diagram (mm), and a distortion diagram (%) of the optical system 100 in the fourth embodiment.
  • the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram are data diagrams at the reference wavelength.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex
  • the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the optical system 100 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power from the object side to the image side.
  • the image side of the fifth lens L5 is further provided with an infrared filter L6 and a protective glass L7 in sequence.
  • FIG. 10 shows a spherical aberration diagram (mm), an astigmatism diagram (mm), and a distortion diagram (%) of the optical system 100 in the fifth embodiment.
  • the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram are data diagrams at the reference wavelength.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex
  • the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S2 of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the photosensitive element 210 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
  • the lens in the optical system and the photosensitive element 210 are relatively fixed, and the camera module 200 is a fixed focus module at this time.
  • a voice coil motor is configured to enable the photosensitive element 210 to move relative to the lens in the optical system, so as to achieve the focusing function.
  • the camera module 200 can be applied to electronic devices in the fields of mobile phones, automobiles, surveillance, etc., and specifically can be used as a mobile phone camera, a car camera or a surveillance camera.
  • the camera module 200 when the camera module 200 is used as a vehicle-mounted camera in the car 30, the camera module 200 can be used as a front-view camera, a rear-view camera or a side-view camera of the car 30.
  • the car 30 includes a car body 310, and the camera module 200 can be installed on the front side of the car body 310 (such as at the air intake grille), left front headlight, right front headlight, left rearview mirror, right rearview mirror, Any position such as the trunk or roof.
  • a display device can also be provided in the car 30, and the camera module 200 is in communication with the display device, so that the image obtained by the camera module 200 on the car body 310 can be displayed on the display device in real time, so that the driver can obtain
  • the image information around the vehicle body 310 enables the driver to observe the blind spots in the surrounding line of sight, making it more convenient and safer for the driver when driving and parking.
  • the image information obtained by the camera modules 200 can be synthesized and can be presented on the display device in the form of a top view.
  • the car 30 includes at least four camera modules 200.
  • the camera modules 200 are respectively installed on the front side (such as the air intake grille), the left side, the right side, and the rear side (such as the trunk) of the car body 310.
  • the car surround view system includes four (or more) camera modules 200 installed on the front, rear, left, and right of the car body 310. Multiple camera modules 200 can simultaneously capture the scene around the car 30, and then the camera module 200 can collect image information After the image processing unit performs the steps of distortion restoration, viewing angle conversion, image stitching, image enhancement, etc., a seamless 360-degree panoramic top view around the car 30 is finally formed and displayed on the display device.
  • the image processing unit performs the steps of distortion restoration, viewing angle conversion, image stitching, image enhancement, etc.
  • a seamless 360-degree panoramic top view around the car 30 is finally formed and displayed on the display device.
  • a ruler line corresponding to the displayed image can also be configured on the display device to facilitate the driver to accurately determine the position and distance of the obstacle.
  • a driving recorder is installed in the car 30, and the image information obtained by the camera module 200 can be stored in the driving recorder.
  • the ghost phenomenon in the image information collected by the camera module 200 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the "electronic device” used in the embodiment of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, being set to be connected via a wired line (such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line, DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (for example, for cellular networks, wireless local area network (WLAN), such as handheld digital video broadcasting (digital video) Broadcasting handheld, DVB-H) network digital television network, satellite network, amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal) wireless interface to receive/transmit communication signals installation.
  • a wired line such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line, DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • handheld digital video broadcasting digital video Broadcasting handheld, DVB-H
  • AM-FM amplitude modulation-frequency modulation
  • An electronic device set to communicate through a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", a “wireless terminal” and/or a “mobile terminal”.
  • mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radio phones with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; can include radio phones, pagers, and the Internet/ Personal digital assistant (PDA) with intranet access, web browser, notebook, calendar, and/or global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop Receiver or other electronic device including a radio telephone transceiver.
  • PCS personal communication system
  • PDA Internet/ Personal digital assistant
  • GPS global positioning system
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediary. contact.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

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Abstract

一种光学***（100）由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一透镜（L1），第一透镜（L1）的物侧面（S1）为凸面，像侧面（S2）为凹面；具有负屈折力的第二透镜（L2），第二透镜（L2）的像侧面（S4）为凹面；具有正屈折力的第三透镜（L3）；光阑（STO）；具有正屈折力的第四透镜（L4）；具有负屈折力的第五透镜（L5）；光学***（100）满足关系：(SD S2)/(RDY S2)＜0.93；其中，SD S2为第一透镜（L1）的像侧面（S2）的Y方向半孔径，RDY S2为第一透镜（L1）的像侧面（S2）的Y半径。

Description

光学***、摄像模组及汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及光学成像领域，特别是涉及光学***、摄像模组及汽车。
背景技术
随着图像和计算器视觉技术的快速发展，越来越多的技术被应用到汽车电子领域，传统的基于图像的倒车影像***只在车尾安装摄像头，只能消除车尾的视野盲区，无法消除车体两侧和车头的视野盲区，汽车行驶的安全隐患依然较大。特别是在狭隘拥堵的市区街道和停车场，大范围的视野盲区容易导致碰撞和刮蹭事件。为扩大驾驶员的视野，尽可能实现360°全方位的景象获取，汽车上需要设置多个摄像模组相互协同配合，并通过视频合成处理，形成围绕车身周围的一整套的影像。
为实现上述效果并减少所设置摄像模组数量，汽车上所设置的摄像模组一般具备广角特性，而具备广角特性的摄像模组的第一个透镜一般具有草帽状结构，这种透镜的像侧面比较弯曲，使得像侧面的中心及边缘弯曲程度差异过大而导致镀膜不均匀，从而易于产生鬼影而降低成像质量，影响驾驶者对障碍物的方位及距离的判断。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种光学***、摄像模组及汽车。
一种光学***，由物侧至像侧依次包括：
具有负屈折力的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面为凸面，所述第一透镜的像侧面为凹面；
具有负屈折力的第二透镜，所述第二透镜的像侧面为凹面；
具有正屈折力的第三透镜；
光阑；
具有正屈折力的第四透镜；
具有负屈折力的第五透镜；
所述光学***满足关系：
(SD S2)/(RDY S2)＜0.93；
其中，SD S2为所述第一透镜的像侧面的Y方向半孔径，RDY S2为所述第一透镜的像侧面的Y半径。
一种摄像模组，包括感光元件及上述任意一项实施例所述的光学***，所述感光元件设置于所述光学***的像侧。
一种汽车，包括车体、显示设备及多个上述实施例所述的摄像模组，多个所述摄像模组分别与所述显示设备通信连接，所述车体的前侧、后侧、左侧及右侧分别设置有至少一个所述摄像模组，多个所述摄像模组能够获取所述车体四周的影像，所述影像能够显示于所述显示设备上。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的光学***示意图；
图2为第一实施例中光学***的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)；
图3为本申请第二实施例提供的光学***的示意图；
图4为第二实施例中光学***的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)；
图5为本申请第三实施例提供的光学***的示意图；
图6为第三实施例中光学***的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)；
图7为本申请第四实施例提供的光学***的示意图；
图8为第四实施例中光学***的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)；
图9为本申请第五实施例提供的光学***的示意图；
图10为第五实施例中光学***的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的应用光学***的摄像模组的示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的应用摄像模组的汽车示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
参考图1，本申请实施例中的光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4及具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
第一透镜L1包括物侧面S1和像侧面S2，第二透镜L2包括物侧面S3和像侧面S4，第三透镜L3包括物侧面S5和像侧面S6，第四透镜L4包括物侧面S7和像侧面S8，第五透镜L5包括物侧面S9和像侧面S10。另外，第五透镜L5的像侧还有一像面S15，像面S15可以为感光元件的感光表面。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面，第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。
在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2分别为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4及第五透镜L5的物侧面和像侧面分别为非球面。除上述实施例之外，各透镜的物侧面和像侧面也可以均为球面或非球面。
当透镜的物侧面或像侧面为非球面时，可参考非球面公式：
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000001
其中，Z是非球面上相应点到与表面顶点相切的平面的距离，r是非球面上相应点到光轴的距离，c是非球面顶点的曲率，k是圆锥常数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i项高次项相对应的系数。
在一些实施例中，光学***100还包括光阑STO。光阑STO可设置于第三透镜L3与第四透镜L4之间。需要注意的是，当描述光阑STO设置于第三透镜L3与第四透镜L4之间时，光阑STO于光轴上的投影可与第三透镜L3或第四透镜L4于光轴上的投影重叠，或者也可不重叠。
在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4及第五透镜L5的材质为塑料，从而，最靠近物侧(外界)的第一透镜L1能够较好地耐受物侧的环境温度影响，且由于其他透镜为塑料材质的关系，从而还能使光学***100拥有较低的生产成本。
除了上述各透镜的材质关系外，在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4及第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料，此时，塑料材质的透镜能够减少光学***100的重量并降低生成成本。在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4及第五透镜L5的材质均为玻璃，此时，光学***100能够耐受较高的温度且具有较好的光学性能。
在一些实施例中，第五透镜L5的像侧设置有玻璃材质的红外滤光片L6。红外滤光片L6包括物侧面S11及像侧面S12。红外滤光片L6用于过滤成像的光线，具体用于隔绝红外光，防止红外光到达像面S15，从而防止红外光对正常影像的色彩与清晰度造成影响，进而提高光学***100的成像品质。红外滤光片L6可与各透镜一同装配成光学***100，或者，也可以在光学***100与感光元件装配成模组时一并安装至光学***100与感光元件之间。
在一些实施例中，第五透镜L5的像侧设置有保护玻璃L7。保护玻璃L7包括物侧面S13及像侧面S14。具体地，保护玻璃L7设置于红外滤光片L6的像侧，以在后续组装成模组时能够靠近感光元件，从而保护感光元件。
在能够使本申请的参数定义及效果描述更为清晰完整的情况下，在一些实施例中，光学***除了包括具有屈折力的透镜外，还可包括反射镜、光阑、滤光片、保护玻璃、感光元件等元件。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足以下关系：
(SD S2)/(RDY S2)＜0.93；
其中，SD S2为第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y方向半孔径，RDY S2为第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y半径。满足上述关系时，可合理匹配第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y半径及Y方向半孔径，以有效的控制第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的弯曲程度，减小第一透镜L1的加工难度，并避免因为第一透镜L1弯曲程度过大而导致镀膜不均匀的问题，减小产生鬼影的风险。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
RDY S3/RDY S2＜7.5；
其中，RDY S3为第二透镜L2的物侧面S3的Y半径。具体地，RDY S3/RDY S2可以为-13.70、-13.65、-13.60、-5.00、-4.50、-3.00、-2.00、4.20、4.70、5.00或5.10。RDY S2的大小会影响透镜的弯曲程度以及鬼影出现的位置，RDY S2越大，透镜表面越平滑，鬼影出现的位置越靠近边缘，而RDY S3值的大小会影响鬼影的明亮程度，鬼影的大小、强度、形状随RDY S2与RDY S3之间的关系变化而变化，当满足上述关系时，RDY S3与RDY S2能够得到合理配置，可以使鬼影现象最少化。
在一些实施例中，当RDY S3为负时，光学***100满足关系：-15.0＜RDY S3/RDY S2＜-7.5；
当RDY S3为正时，光学***100满足关系：3.5＜RDY S3/RDY S2＜5.5。满足上述关系时，可使鬼影的大小和强度维持在最小的状态。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
RDY S4/f2＜-0.45；
其中，RDY S4为第二透镜L2的像侧面S4的Y半径，f2为第二透镜L2的焦距。具体地，RDY S4/f2可以为-0.70、-0.68、-0.65、-0.55。满足上述关系时，第二透镜L2的弯曲程度受到合理控制，以进一步降低鬼影的大小和强度。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
(ΣCT68/TTL)*100＜20；
其中，ΣCT68为第三透镜L3的像侧面S6至第四透镜L4的物侧面S7在光轴处的距离，TTL为光学***的总长度。具体地，(ΣCT68/TTL)*100可以为13.0、14.0、15.0、16.0、16.6、17.0、17.3或17.4。满足上述关系时，可合理控制各透镜的厚度，以有效缩短光学***的总长度。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
ImgH/f＞1.5；
其中，ImgH为光学***100的水平方向的二分之一像高，f为光学***的焦距。具体地，ImgH/f可以为1.83、1.84、1.85、1.86或1.88。满足上述关系时，可合理配置像高与光学***的焦距，使光学***受外界条件的影响减小，使成像稳定，同时，还有利于光学***的小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
|Dist|＜110；
其中，Dist为光学***的光学畸变，Dist的单位为％，即-110％＜Dist＜110％。具体地，Dist可以为-108.00、-107.98或-107.99。满足上述关系时，可以控制整个光学***的畸变量，以便减弱广角镜头普遍存在的畸变过大的问题。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
f/D≤2.1；
其中，f为光学***的焦距，D为光学***100的入瞳直径。满足上述关系时，光学***具有大光圈的效果。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
3＜f45/f＜4；
其中，f45为第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的组合焦距，f为光学***的焦距。具体地，f45/f可以为3.20、3.25、3.30、3.35、3.45或3.45。满足上述关系时，可合理分配整个光学***的屈折力，降低第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的敏感度，提高良率。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
Nd2≤1.55；Nd4≤1.55；Vd2≥54；Vd4≥54；
其中，Nd2为第二透镜L2的d线的折射率，Nd4为第四透镜L4的d线的折射率，Vd2为第二透镜L2的阿贝数，Vd4为第四透镜L4的阿贝数。满足上述关系时，有利于校正轴外色差，提高光学***的分辨率。
在一些实施例中，光学***100满足关系：
Nd3≥1.55；Nd5≥1.55；Vd3≤33；Vd5≤33；
其中，Nd3为第三透镜L3的d线的折射率，Nd5为第五透镜L5的d线的折射率，Vd3为第三透镜L3的阿贝数，Vd5为第五透镜L5的阿贝数。满足上述关系时，有利于校正轴外色差，提高光学***的分辨率。
第一实施例
如图1所示的第一实施例中，光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5，第五透镜L5的像侧还依次设置有红外滤光片L6以及保护玻璃L7。图2为第一实施例中光学***100的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)，其中的像散图和畸变图为参考波长下的数据图。本实施例及以下各实施例中的参考波长为587.56nm。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面。第二透镜 L2的物侧面S3为凹面；第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，第三透镜L3的像侧面S6为凸面。第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8为凸面。第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2均为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
光学***100还满足以下关系：
(SD S2)/(RDY S2)＝0.92；
其中，SD S2为第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y方向半孔径，RDY S2为第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y半径。满足上述关系时，可合理匹配第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的Y半径及Y方向半孔径，以有效的控制第一透镜L1的像侧面S2的弯曲程度，减小第一透镜L1的加工难度，并避免因为第一透镜L1弯曲程度过大而导致镀膜不均匀的问题，减小产生鬼影的风险。
RDY S3/RDY S2＝-13.72；其中，RDY S3为第二透镜L2的物侧面S3的Y半径。RDY S2的大小会影响透镜的弯曲程度以及鬼影出现的位置，RDY S2越大，透镜表面越平滑，鬼影出现的位置越靠近边缘，而RDY S3值的大小会影响鬼影的明亮程度，鬼影的大小、强度、形状随RDY S2与RDY S3之间的关系变化而变化，当满足上述关系时，RDY S3与RDY S2能够得到合理配置，可以使鬼影现象最少化，使鬼影的大小和强度维持在最小的状态。
RDY S4/f2＝-0.56；其中，RDY S4为第二透镜L2的像侧面S4的Y半径，f2为第二透镜L2的焦距。满足上述关系时，第二透镜L2的弯曲程度受到合理控制，以进一步降低鬼影的大小和强度。
(ΣCT68/TTL)*100＝12.9；其中，ΣCT68为第三透镜L3的像侧面S6至第四透镜L4的物侧面S7在光轴处的距离，TTL为光学***的总长度。满足上述关系时，可合理控制各透镜的厚度，以有效缩短光学***的总长度。
ImgH/f＝1.86；其中，ImgH为光学***100的水平方向的二分之一像高，f为光学***的焦距。满足上述关系时，可合理配置像高与光学***的焦距，使光学***受外界条件的影响减小，使成像稳定，同时，还有利于光学***的小型化设计。
Dist＝-108；其中，Dist为光学***的光学畸变，Dist的单位为％。满足上述关系时，可以控制整个光学***的畸变量，以便减弱广角镜头普遍存在的畸变过大的问题。
f/D＝2.1；其中，f为光学***的焦距，D为光学***100的入瞳直径。满足上述关系时，光学***具有大光圈的效果。
f45/f＝3.19；其中，f45为第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的组合焦距，f为光学***的焦距。满足上述关系时，可合理分配整个光学***的屈折力，降低第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的敏感度，提高良率。
Nd2＝1.545；Nd4＝1.545；Vd2＝56.00；Vd4＝56.00；其中，Nd2为第二透镜L2的d线的折射率，Nd4为第四透镜L4的d线的折射率，Vd2为第二透镜L2的阿贝数，Vd4为第四透镜L4的阿贝数。满足上述关系时，有利于校正轴外色差，提高光学***的分辨率。
Nd3＝1.661；Nd5＝1.661；Vd3＝20.37；Vd5＝20.37；其中，Nd3为第三透镜L3的d线的折射率，Nd5为第五透镜L5的d线的折射率，Vd3为第三透镜L3的阿贝数，Vd5为第五透镜L5的阿贝数。满足上述关系时，有利于校正轴外色差，提高光学***的分辨率。
在第一实施例中，光学***的焦距f＝0.965mm，光圈值FNO＝2.1，水平方向视场角的一半(1/2)FOV＝92.5度(deg.)。
另外，光学***100的各参数由表1和表2给出。由物面至像面S15的各元件依次按照表1从上至下的各元件的顺序排列。面序号1和2分别为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1和像 侧面S2，即同一透镜中，面序号较小的表面为物侧面，面序号较大的表面为像侧面。表1中的Y半径为相应面序号的物侧面或像侧面于近轴处的曲率半径。第一透镜L1的“厚度”参数列中的第一个数值为该透镜于光轴上的厚度，第二个数值为该透镜的像侧面至后一透镜的物侧面于光轴上的距离。面序号6中的“厚度”参数为第三透镜L3的像侧面S6至光阑STO的距离。光阑STO于“厚度”参数列中的数值为光阑STO至后一透镜的物侧面顶点(顶点指透镜与光轴的交点)于光轴上的距离，我们默认第一透镜物侧面到最后一枚镜片像侧面的方向为光轴的正方向，当该值为负时，表明光阑STO设置于透镜的物侧面顶点的右侧，当光阑STO的“厚度”参数为正值时，光阑STO在透镜物侧面顶点的左侧。面序号11中的“厚度”参数值为第五透镜L5的像侧面S10至红外滤光片L6的物侧面S11于光轴上的距离。红外滤光片L6(表1中的滤光片)于“厚度”参数中面序号13所对应的数值为红外滤光片L6的像侧面S12至保护玻璃L7物侧面S13于光轴上的距离。表2为表1中各透镜的非球面表面的相关参数表，其中K为圆锥常数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i项高次项相对应的系数。
另外，以下各实施例中，各透镜的折射率和焦距为参考波长下的数值，参考波长为587.56nm。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000002
表2
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000004
第二实施例
如图3所示的第二实施例中，光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。第五透镜L5的像侧还依次设置有红外滤光片L6及保护玻璃L7。图4为第二实施例中光学***100的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)，其中的像散图和畸变图为参考波长下的数据图。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面。第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面；第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凹面，第三透镜L3的像侧面S6为凸面。第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8为凸面。第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2均为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
在第二实施例中，光学***100的有效焦距f＝0.975mm，光圈值FNO＝2.1，水平方向视场角的一半(1/2)FOV＝92.5度(deg.)。
另外，光学***100的各参数由表3和表4给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表3
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000006
表4
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000007
根据上述所提供的各参数信息可推得以下数据：
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000008
第三实施例
如图5所示的第三实施例中，光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。第五透镜L5的像侧还依次设置有红外滤光片L6及保护玻璃L7。图6为第三实施例中光学***100的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)，其中的像散图和畸变图为参考波长下的数据图。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面。第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面；第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凹面，第三透镜L3的像侧面S6为凸面。第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8为凸面。第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2均为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
在第三实施例中，光学***100的有效焦距f＝0.98mm，光圈值FNO＝2.1，水平方向视场角的一半(1/2)FOV＝92.5度(deg.)。
另外，光学***100的各参数由表5和表6给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表5
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000009
表6
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000011
根据上述所提供的各参数信息可推得以下数据：
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000012
第四实施例
如图7所示的第四实施例中，光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。第五透镜L5的像侧还依次设置有红外滤光片L6及保护玻璃L7。图8为第四实施例中光学***100的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)，其中的像散图和畸变图为参考波长下的数据图。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面。第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凸面；第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凹面，第三透镜L3的像侧面S6为凸面。第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8为凸面。第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2均为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
在第四实施例中，光学***100的有效焦距f＝0.952mm，光圈值FNO＝2.1，水平方向 视场角的一半(1/2)FOV＝92.5度(deg.)。
另外，光学***100的各参数由表7和表8给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表7
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000013
表8
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000015
根据上述所提供的各参数信息可推得以下数据：
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000016
第五实施例
如图9所示的第五实施例中，光学***100由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。第五透镜L5的像侧还依次设置有红外滤光片L6及保护玻璃L7。图10为第五实施例中光学***100的球差图(mm)、像散图(mm)和畸变图(％)，其中的像散图和畸变图为参考波长下的数据图。
其中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为凸面，第一透镜L1的像侧面S2为凹面。第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凸面；第二透镜L2的像侧面S4为凹面。第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凹面，第三透镜L3的像侧面S6为凸面。第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8为凸面。第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1及像侧面S2均为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1的材质为玻璃，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4和第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
在第五实施例中，光学***100的有效焦距f＝0.960mm，光圈值FNO＝2.1，水平方向视场角的一半(1/2)FOV＝92.5度(deg.)。
另外，光学***100的各参数由表9和表10给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表9
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000018
表10
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000019
根据上述所提供的各参数信息可推得以下数据：
Figure PCTCN2019099542-appb-000020
参考图11，光学***与感光元件210组装成摄像模组200，感光元件210设置于光学***的像侧。感光元件210可以为CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件)或CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)。
在一些实施例中，光学***中的透镜与感光元件210相对固定，此时摄像模组200为 定焦模组。在另一些实施例中，通过配置音圈马达以使感光元件210能够相对光学***中的透镜相对移动，从而实现对焦功能。
摄像模组200可应用于手机、汽车、监控等领域的电子设备中，具体可作为手机摄像头、车载摄像头或监控摄像头。
参考图12，当摄像模组200作为车载摄像头应用于汽车30时，摄像模组200可作为汽车30的前视摄像头、后视摄像头或侧视摄像头。具体地，汽车30包括车体310，摄像模组200可安装于车体310的前侧(如进气格栅处)、左前大灯、右前大灯、左后视镜、右后视镜、车尾箱、车顶等任意位置。其次，也可在汽车30内设置显示设备，摄像模组200与显示设备通信连接，从而，车体310上的摄像模组200所获得的影像能够在显示设备上实时显示，让驾驶者能够获得车体310四周的影像信息，使驾驶者能够观察到周边的视线盲区，使驾驶者在行车和泊车时更为方便及安全。当设置有多个摄像模组200以获取不同方位的景象时，摄像模组200所获得的影像信息能够被合成，并能够以俯视图的形式呈现在显示设备上。
具体地，汽车30包括至少四个摄像模组200，摄像模组200分别安装在车体310的前侧(如进气格栅)、左侧、右侧及后侧(如车尾箱)，以构建汽车环视***。汽车环视***包括安装在车体310前后左右的四个(或更多个)摄像模组200，多个摄像模组200可同时采集汽车30四周的景象，随后经摄像模组200采集到图像信息经过图像处理单元进行畸变还原、视角转化、图像拼接、图像增强等步骤，最终形成一幅汽车30四周的无缝隙的360度全景俯视图，并于显示设备上显示。当然，除了显示全景图，也可以显示任何一方位的单侧视图。另外，显示设备上也可配置配制与显示图像对应的标尺线以方便驾驶者准确地确定障碍物的方位和距离。
在一些实施例中，汽车30中安装有行车记录仪，摄像模组200所获得的影像信息能够存储至行车记录仪中。通过采用上述摄像模组200，可有效减少由摄像模组200采集的图像信息中的鬼影现象，从而提高成像质量。
本发明实施例中所使用到的“电子装置”可包括，但不限于被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(public switched telephone network，PSTN)、数字用户线路(digital subscriber line，DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)、诸如手持数字视频广播(digital video broadcasting handheld，DVB-H)网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、调幅-调频(amplitude modulation-frequency modulation，AM-FM)广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的装置。被设置成通过无线接口通信的电子装置可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”以及/或“移动终端”。移动终端的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信***(personal communication system，PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位***(global positioning system，GPS)接收器的个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性 或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光学***，其特征在于，由物侧至像侧依次包括：
    具有负屈折力的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面为凸面，所述第一透镜的像侧面为凹面；
    具有负屈折力的第二透镜，所述第二透镜的像侧面为凹面；
    具有正屈折力的第三透镜；
    光阑；
    具有正屈折力的第四透镜；
    具有负屈折力的第五透镜；
    所述光学***满足关系：
    (SD S2)/(RDY S2)＜0.93；
    其中，SD S2为所述第一透镜的像侧面的Y方向半孔径，RDY S2为所述第一透镜的像侧面的Y半径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    RDY S3/RDY S2＜7.5；
    其中，RDY S3为所述第二透镜的物侧面的Y半径。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学***，其特征在于，当RDY S3为负时，所述光学***满足关系：-15.0＜RDY S3/RDY S2＜-7.5。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的光学***，其特征在于，当RDY S3为正时，所述光学***满足关系：3.5＜RDY S3/RDY S2＜5.5。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    RDY S4/f2＜-0.45；
    其中，RDY S4为所述第二透镜的像侧面的Y半径，f2为所述第二透镜的焦距。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    (ΣCT68/TTL)*100＜20；
    其中，ΣCT68为所述第三透镜的像侧面至所述第四透镜的物侧面在光轴处的距离，TTL为光学***的总长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    ImgH/f＞1.5；
    其中，ImgH为所述光学***的水平方向的二分之一像高，f为光学***的焦距。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    |Dist|＜110；
    其中，Dist为光学***的光学畸变，Dist的单位为％。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    f/D≤2.1；
    其中，f为光学***的焦距，D为所述光学***的入瞳直径。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    3＜f45/f＜4；
    其中，f45为所述第四透镜和所述第五透镜的组合焦距，f为光学***的焦距。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    Nd2≤1.55；Nd4≤1.55；Vd2≥54；Vd4≥54；
    其中，Nd2为所述第二透镜的d线的折射率，Nd4为所述第四透镜的d线的折射率，Vd2为所述第二透镜的阿贝数，Vd4为所述第四透镜的阿贝数。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    Nd3≥1.55；Nd5≥1.55；Vd3≤33；Vd5≤33；
    其中，Nd3为所述第三透镜的d线的折射率，Nd5为所述第五透镜的d线的折射率，Vd3为所述第三透镜的阿贝数，Vd5为所述第五透镜的阿贝数。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述光学***满足关系：
    FOV≥180°；
    其中，FOV为所述光学***于水平方向的视场角。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述第五透镜的物侧面为凹面，所述第五透镜的像侧面为凸面。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面分别为球面，所述第二透镜、所述第三透镜、所述第四透镜和所述第五透镜的物侧面及像侧面分别为非球面。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的材质为玻璃，所述第二透镜、所述第三透镜、所述第四透镜和所述第五透镜的材质分别为塑料。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述第五透镜的像侧设置有红外滤光片，所述红外滤光片用于滤除红外光。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的光学***，其特征在于，所述第五透镜的像侧设置保护玻璃，所述保护玻璃用于保护感光元件。
  19. 一种摄像模组，其特征在于，包括感光元件及上述权利要求1至18任意一项所述的光学***，所述感光元件设置于所述光学***的像侧。
  20. 一种汽车，其特征在于，包括车体、显示设备及多个如权利要求19所述的摄像模组，多个所述摄像模组分别与所述显示设备通信连接，所述车体的前侧、后侧、左侧及右侧分别设置有至少一个所述摄像模组，多个所述摄像模组能够获取所述车体四周的影像，所述影像能够显示于所述显示设备上。
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