WO2021000610A1 - Voltage balancing and stabilizing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Voltage balancing and stabilizing apparatus and method Download PDF

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WO2021000610A1
WO2021000610A1 PCT/CN2020/081420 CN2020081420W WO2021000610A1 WO 2021000610 A1 WO2021000610 A1 WO 2021000610A1 CN 2020081420 W CN2020081420 W CN 2020081420W WO 2021000610 A1 WO2021000610 A1 WO 2021000610A1
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voltage
phase
switch
output voltage
adjustment
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PCT/CN2020/081420
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王振铎
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王振铎
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a voltage balance stabilizing device and method for improving voltage quality.
  • the stability of the power system voltage is related to the reliability of power users and affects the safe operating life of electrical equipment. Therefore, ensuring product quality is even related to life safety. Due to the instability of the power supply voltage of the power system, there are many cases of various accidents caused. For example, the safe operation of elevators, medical equipment in hospitals, life maintenance systems, fires caused by unstable power and voltage, etc.
  • the existing power regulators mainly have the following technical means:
  • thyristor voltage regulation The main principle of thyristor voltage regulation is phase regulation and voltage regulation. In the process of voltage regulation, certain power harmonics and additional losses will be generated, especially when the current is large, air cooling or water cooling is required for cooling. Higher losses will have a certain impact on the normal operation of power supply and consuming equipment, in particular, it will cause heating of transformers, motors, capacitors and other equipment, and cause certain interference to communication equipment.
  • the existence of the short circuit process causes the phenomenon of "sparking and discharge".
  • the current in the adjustment process is very limited, and it can only be made into a device with a small capacity.
  • the coils and brushes need to be replaced due to wear. , Can not work reliably and stably for a long time.
  • the on-load voltage regulation of power transformers can only be performed on the high-voltage side.
  • the current construction and operation costs of on-load voltage regulation switchgear are relatively high, and the safe working life is relatively short. On average, the cost of each adjustment is also high. It is extremely unsuitable for occasions that require several adjustments.
  • the current transformer tapped voltage regulation mainly includes the following types:
  • the above two voltage adjustment methods both have a short-term power outage process, and have an impact on the power supply and use equipment, which poses safety risks.
  • voltage balance and stability are the primary technical indicators for measuring power quality.
  • the balance and stability of power system voltage are related to the reliability of power users, affecting the safe operating life of electrical equipment, affecting product quality and even life safety. Due to the instability of the power supply voltage of the power system, there are many cases of various accidents caused. For example, the safe operation of elevators, medical equipment in hospitals, life maintenance systems, fires caused by unstable power and voltage, etc.
  • the on-load voltage regulation in society does not have any additional harmonics, and does not require power outage adjustment, and the voltage regulation technology without voltage bumps and sinks during the adjustment process has not yet appeared.
  • the present invention provides a device and method for controlling the automatic balance and stabilization of three-phase voltage.
  • a three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device includes an input voltage sampling device, an output voltage sampling device, an output voltage setting device, a core controller, and a voltage Adjustment switch, voltage adjustment transformer; wherein the input voltage sampling device is used to sample the input voltage of each phase; the output voltage sampling device is used to sample the output voltage of each phase; the output voltage setting device is used to output the output of each phase The voltage is set; the voltage adjustment switch of each phase is respectively connected to the voltage adjustment transformer of the phase; the core controller is used to receive the sampled input voltage, the sampled output voltage, and the set output voltage of each phase , To control the voltage adjustment switch of each phase and the voltage adjustment transformer to adjust the voltage gear of each phase.
  • the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device further includes a work control switch and a bypass switch, and the bypass switch is used to bypass the voltage adjustment transformers of each phase.
  • the work control switch is used to adjust the working state of the voltage adjustment switch and the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase.
  • the core controller is composed of PLC or MCU or logic gate circuit hardware control circuit.
  • the voltage adjustment transformer is composed of three single-phase transformers.
  • the input or output voltage sampling device is composed of a voltage transformer or a voltage divider resistor.
  • the output voltage setting device is composed of a hardware numeric keyboard or a touch screen, and can be remotely communicated or wirelessly controlled.
  • the work control switch is constituted by a contactor.
  • the voltage adjustment switch is composed of a relay and a contactor or a power electronic switch circuit.
  • the bypass switch is composed of a control relay and a contactor.
  • the bypass switch K o of each phase is respectively connected to the input voltage and the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase;
  • the voltage adjustment switch includes a transition resistance switch K R , voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
  • K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are also short-circuit switches, that is, the voltage selection gear switch is also used as a short-circuit switch ;
  • FireWire operation control switch comprises a switch control K -, K -N and grounding switch K +, K + N;
  • each voltage transformer includes adjusting phases respectively corresponding to the voltage selector position switch K 1, K 2, K N , K
  • K R is connected in series with the resistor R and then connected in parallel with K N.
  • a three-phase voltage balance and stabilization method based on the above-mentioned three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device.
  • the method includes: an output voltage setting device sets the output voltage V sd of each phase; the input voltage sampling device samples the input voltage V of each phase i ; the core controller receives the set value V sd of each phase of the output voltage setting device; the core controller receives the input voltage V i of each phase collected by the input voltage sampling link; the core controller calculates the value of V i -V sd according to V i -V sd controls the voltage adjustment switch of each phase and the voltage adjustment transformer to adjust the voltage range of each phase.
  • the step of adjusting the voltage of each phase includes and the working process is as follows: short-circuit the primary circuit of the voltage adjustment transformer; open the bypass switch K 0 ; close the transition resistance switch K R ; open the grounding switch All switches outside; in accordance with the difference between the input voltage and the set voltage, the control switch K is determined close the switch the voltage regulator -, K + N or K +, K -N; closing the voltage selector position switch K 1, K 2.
  • K N , K N+1 , K N+N disconnect the transition resistance switch K R.
  • the core controller acquires a sampling means sampling the output voltage V o of the output voltage, when the output voltage V sd sampled output voltage V o and the set V o -V sd difference exceeds a predetermined range, based on the difference V o -V sd select the new voltage adjustment switch gear, that is, the new voltage selection gear switch to be closed K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; close the transition resistance control switch K R ; disconnect the closed voltage selection gear switch; close one of the new voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; disconnect the transition resistance Switch K R.
  • This scheme uses the principle of electromagnetic mechanism to realize automatic detection of three-phase voltage through logic control circuit. According to the voltage difference of the detected three-phase voltage and the set target voltage value, the three-phase voltage is automatically adjusted by phase to make it three-phase voltage. Automatically maintain balance and stability; and automatically adjust when the voltage value deviates from the target value. During the adjustment process, there is no sudden change in voltage, and it can be safely adjusted with load, without any additional harmonics and power failure.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a circuit connection diagram of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device of the present invention.
  • the voltage balance and stabilization device proposed by the present invention includes a DC working power supply, input and output voltage sampling device, output voltage setting device, core controller, work control switch, voltage adjustment switch, voltage adjustment transformer, bypass switch.
  • the DC working power supply provides working power for the DC working part of each link in the device;
  • the input and output voltage sampling device is mainly composed of a voltage transformer or a voltage divider resistor, and the input voltage sampling device is used to sample the input of each phase
  • the voltage and output voltage sampling device is used to sample the output voltage of each phase;
  • the output voltage setting device is composed of a hardware digital keyboard or touch screen and a DC voltage adjustment switch. It can be remotely communicated or wirelessly controlled to perform the output voltage of each phase.
  • core controller composed of PLC or MCU or logic gate circuit hardware control circuit, etc., used to receive the sampled input voltage, sampled output voltage, and set output voltage of each phase to control each
  • the phase voltage adjustment switch and voltage adjustment transformer adjust the voltage gear of each phase
  • the work control switch is composed of a contactor and is connected to the voltage adjustment switch of each phase.
  • the work control switch is used to adjust the voltage adjustment switch and voltage adjustment of each phase.
  • the working state of the transformer; the voltage adjustment switch of each phase is composed of a relay and a contactor or a power electronic switch circuit, which is connected to the voltage adjustment transformer of the phase; the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase is composed of three single-phase transformers
  • the bypass switch is composed of a control relay and a contactor, and the bypass switch is used to bypass the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase.
  • K 0a , K 0b , and K 0c are the bypass switches for the three phases of A, B, and C, which are connected to the input voltage of the three phases of A, B, and C and the voltage adjustment transformer.
  • K 0 means the bypass switch of each phase
  • K R is the transition resistance switch
  • K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are voltage selection gear switches
  • K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are also short-circuit switches, that is, voltage selection gear switches can also be used as short-circuit switches
  • K - and K -N are live wire control switches
  • K + and K +N are grounding switches
  • N' is the secondary coil
  • N 1 , N 2 , N N , N +1 , and N +N are the primary coils, respectively, and the corresponding voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N is connected
  • M
  • the voltage selection gear switches of each phase have the same circuit structure as the primary and secondary coils, so the same symbols are used to indicate them.
  • the above-mentioned voltage selection gear switch and transition resistance switch constitute the above-mentioned voltage adjustment switch, and the primary and secondary coils and iron core constitute the above-mentioned voltage adjustment transformer.
  • the output voltage setting device sets the output voltage V sd of each phase; among them, the output voltage of the three phases A, B, and C can be set as V sda , V sdb , and V sdc respectively .
  • V sd is used below. description.
  • the input voltage sampling device samples the input voltage V i of each phase; the same as the above, V i is used here for a brief description.
  • the core controller receives each phase setting value V sd of the output voltage setting device
  • the core controller receives the input voltage is sampled in each segment acquisition phase input voltage V i;
  • the core controller calculates the value V i -V sd, each phase adjustment of the control voltage and the voltage adjusting transformer reset switch gear according to each phase voltage V i -V sd.
  • Specific gear adjustment methods include:
  • the core controller acquires a sampling means sampling the output voltage V o of the output voltage, when the output voltage V sd sampled output voltage V o and the set V o -V sd difference exceeds a predetermined range, based on the difference V o -V sd selects the new voltage adjustment switch gear, that is, the new voltage selection gear switch K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N when the voltage needs to be re-adjusted ;
  • Disconnect the closed voltage selection gear switch (one of K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N );
  • the invention effectively solves the problems that have plagued the three-phase voltage unbalance and instability of the power system for a long time, protects power supply equipment and electrical equipment, reduces line loss, improves power supply quality, and plays the role of energy saving and consumption reduction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a three-phase voltage balancing and stabilizing apparatus, which falls within the field of electricity. The three-phase voltage balancing and stabilizing apparatus comprises an input voltage sampling apparatus, an output voltage sampling apparatus, an output voltage setting apparatus, a core controller, voltage adjustment switches, and voltage adjustment transformers, wherein the input voltage sampling apparatus is used for sampling input voltages of various phases; the output voltage sampling apparatus is used for sampling output voltages of various phases; the output voltage setting apparatus is used for setting output voltages of the various phases; a voltage adjustment switch of each phase is connected to a voltage adjustment transformer of the phase; and the core controller is used for receiving the sampled input voltages, the sampled output voltages, and the set output voltages of the various phases, so as to control the voltage adjustment switch and voltage adjustment transformer of each phase to adjust a voltage shift of each phase. According to the solution, a three-phase voltage value can be automatically and safely adjusted, balanced and stabilized.

Description

电压平衡稳定装置及方法Voltage balance stabilizing device and method 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电力领域，尤其涉及一种用于提高电压质量的电压平衡稳定装置及方法。The present invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a voltage balance stabilizing device and method for improving voltage quality.
背景技术Background technique
电力***电压的稳定事关电力用户用电的可靠性，影响电器设备的安全运行寿命，因此，保证产品质量甚至是关系到生命安全。由于电力***供电电压的不稳定，引起的各种事故的案例很多。例如，电梯的安全运行，医院的医疗设备，生命维护***，因电力电压不稳引起的火灾等。The stability of the power system voltage is related to the reliability of power users and affects the safe operating life of electrical equipment. Therefore, ensuring product quality is even related to life safety. Due to the instability of the power supply voltage of the power system, there are many cases of various accidents caused. For example, the safe operation of elevators, medical equipment in hospitals, life maintenance systems, fires caused by unstable power and voltage, etc.
现有的电力稳压器主要有以下技术手段：The existing power regulators mainly have the following technical means:
⑴、可控硅调压⑴, SCR voltage regulation
可控硅调压的主要原理为调相调压，在电压调节过程中会产生一定的电力谐波及附加损耗，尤其是电流较大时，需要加以风冷或水冷环节用于降温，其附加损耗更高，对供、用电设备的正常工作会造成一定影响，特别是会引起变压器、电动机、电容等设备工作发热；对通讯设备等造成一定干扰。The main principle of thyristor voltage regulation is phase regulation and voltage regulation. In the process of voltage regulation, certain power harmonics and additional losses will be generated, especially when the current is large, air cooling or water cooling is required for cooling. Higher losses will have a certain impact on the normal operation of power supply and consuming equipment, in particular, it will cause heating of transformers, motors, capacitors and other equipment, and cause certain interference to communication equipment.
⑵、接触型调压器⑵, contact type voltage regulator
在调整过程中，接触型调压器的电刷与线圈之间有一定压力的物理接触，尤其是在电压调整时有匝间短路。In the adjustment process, there is a certain pressure physical contact between the brush and the coil of the contact-type voltage regulator, especially when there is a short circuit between the turns when the voltage is adjusted.
短路过程的存在，引起“打火放电”现象，在调整过程中的电流很有限，只能做成容量较小的设备，而且，由于长时间调整，线圈和电刷都因磨损有更换的必要，不能长时间可靠稳定工作。The existence of the short circuit process causes the phenomenon of "sparking and discharge". The current in the adjustment process is very limited, and it can only be made into a device with a small capacity. Moreover, due to long-term adjustment, the coils and brushes need to be replaced due to wear. , Can not work reliably and stably for a long time.
⑶、电力变压器的有载调压(3) On-load voltage regulation of power transformers
电力变压器的有载调压只能在高压侧，现行有载调压开关设备的建设及运行成本均较高，且安全工作寿命较短，平均则每次调整的成本亦较高，对于每天都要经过几次调整的场合，极不合适。The on-load voltage regulation of power transformers can only be performed on the high-voltage side. The current construction and operation costs of on-load voltage regulation switchgear are relatively high, and the safe working life is relatively short. On average, the cost of each adjustment is also high. It is extremely unsuitable for occasions that require several adjustments.
⑷、变压器抽头调整电压⑷, transformer tap to adjust voltage
现行的变压器抽头调压主要有以下几种：The current transformer tapped voltage regulation mainly includes the following types:
①、机械开关调整：中间有切换过程中的停电过程，对于供、用电设备的正常工作都会造成影响。①. Mechanical switch adjustment: there is a power outage during the switching process, which will affect the normal operation of power supply and power equipment.
②、电力电子开关调整：除了在切换过程中有与机械开关调整相同(中间有停电过程) 的问题之外，电力电子开关的抗冲击能力极其有限，极易损坏，而且一旦出现故障，例如可控硅，将有形成不可控制的通路状态的可能。② Power electronic switch adjustment: In addition to the same problem as the mechanical switch adjustment during the switching process (there is a power outage process in the middle), the impact resistance of the power electronic switch is extremely limited and easily damaged, and once a failure occurs, such as Thyristor will have the possibility of forming an uncontrollable path state.
以上两种电压调整方式，均有短时停电过程，而且对供、用电设备都形成冲击，存在安全隐患。The above two voltage adjustment methods both have a short-term power outage process, and have an impact on the power supply and use equipment, which poses safety risks.
而对于三相或两相供电的负荷，供电电压的相间不平衡将带来以下问题：For the load with three-phase or two-phase power supply, the unbalance of the power supply voltage will cause the following problems:
①、对用电负荷的安全工作有一定影响；①. It has a certain impact on the safety of electrical loads;
②、造成电力变压器的工作电流不平衡，从而引起多相电压的进一步不平衡；功率因数的不平衡；②, cause the working current of the power transformer to be unbalanced, thereby causing further unbalance of the multi-phase voltage; unbalance of the power factor;
③、引起变压器和线路、开关的损耗增加；③. Increase the loss of transformers, circuits and switches;
④、引起多种供电设备的损坏；④ Damage to various power supply equipment;
⑤、造成变压器及线路的供电能力下降；⑤. Cause the power supply capacity of transformers and lines to drop;
因此，电压的平衡与稳定是衡量电能质量首要的技术指标。电力***电压的平衡与稳定事关电力用户用电的可靠性，影响电器设备的安全运行寿命，影响产品质量甚至是关系到生命安全。由于电力***供电电压的不稳定，引起的各种事故的案例很多。例如，电梯的安全运行，医院的医疗设备，生命维护***，因电力电压不稳引起的火灾等。Therefore, voltage balance and stability are the primary technical indicators for measuring power quality. The balance and stability of power system voltage are related to the reliability of power users, affecting the safe operating life of electrical equipment, affecting product quality and even life safety. Due to the instability of the power supply voltage of the power system, there are many cases of various accidents caused. For example, the safe operation of elevators, medical equipment in hospitals, life maintenance systems, fires caused by unstable power and voltage, etc.
尤其是对于电能质量，电压的平衡与稳定是首要的技术指标。Especially for power quality, voltage balance and stability are the primary technical indicators.
目前，社会上的有载调压，尤其是大容量，没有任何附加谐波，而且无需停电调整，调整过程中无电压凸起及陷落的调压技术尚未出现。At present, the on-load voltage regulation in society, especially the large capacity, does not have any additional harmonics, and does not require power outage adjustment, and the voltage regulation technology without voltage bumps and sinks during the adjustment process has not yet appeared.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了克服上述缺陷，解决目前没有大容量带载安全调压，没有无任何附加谐波，以及电压突起或突陷，尤其在无断电过程中进行调整，保证供电过程中电压的平衡与稳定等技术问题，本发明提供了一种控制三相电压全自动平衡及稳定的装置和方法。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and solve the problem that there is no large-capacity load-carrying safety voltage regulation, no additional harmonics, and voltage protrusions or dips, especially in the process of no power failure, adjustments are made to ensure the balance and stability of the voltage during the power supply process. Technical problem: The present invention provides a device and method for controlling the automatic balance and stabilization of three-phase voltage.
根据本发明的一个方面，提出了一种三相电压平衡及稳定装置，所述三相电压平衡及稳定装置包括输入电压采样装置、输出电压采样装置、输出电压设定装置、核心控制器、电压调整开关、电压调整变压器；其中所述输入电压采样装置用于采样各相的输入电压；所述输出电压采样装置用于采样各相的输出电压；输出电压设定装置用于对各相的输出电压进行设定；各相的电压调整开关分别与该相的电压调整变压器连接；核心控制器，用于接收采样的所述输入电压、采样的所述输出电压以及设定的各相的输出电压，以控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相的电压档位。According to one aspect of the present invention, a three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device is provided. The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device includes an input voltage sampling device, an output voltage sampling device, an output voltage setting device, a core controller, and a voltage Adjustment switch, voltage adjustment transformer; wherein the input voltage sampling device is used to sample the input voltage of each phase; the output voltage sampling device is used to sample the output voltage of each phase; the output voltage setting device is used to output the output of each phase The voltage is set; the voltage adjustment switch of each phase is respectively connected to the voltage adjustment transformer of the phase; the core controller is used to receive the sampled input voltage, the sampled output voltage, and the set output voltage of each phase , To control the voltage adjustment switch of each phase and the voltage adjustment transformer to adjust the voltage gear of each phase.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述三相电压平衡及稳定装置还包括工作控制开关和旁路开关，所述旁路开关用于对各相的电压调整变压器进行旁路。工作控制开关用于调整各相的电压调 整开关和电压调整变压器的工作状态。According to one aspect of the present invention, the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device further includes a work control switch and a bypass switch, and the bypass switch is used to bypass the voltage adjustment transformers of each phase. The work control switch is used to adjust the working state of the voltage adjustment switch and the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述核心控制器是由PLC或MCU或逻辑门电路硬件控制电路构成。According to one aspect of the present invention, the core controller is composed of PLC or MCU or logic gate circuit hardware control circuit.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述电压调整变压器是由三个单相变压器构成。According to one aspect of the present invention, the voltage adjustment transformer is composed of three single-phase transformers.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述输入或输出电压采样装置是由电压互感器或分压电阻构成。According to one aspect of the present invention, the input or output voltage sampling device is composed of a voltage transformer or a voltage divider resistor.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述输出电压设定装置由硬件数字键盘或触摸屏构成，可以远程通讯或无线遥控。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output voltage setting device is composed of a hardware numeric keyboard or a touch screen, and can be remotely communicated or wirelessly controlled.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述工作控制开关由接触器构成。According to an aspect of the present invention, the work control switch is constituted by a contactor.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述电压调整开关由继电器及接触器或电力电子开关电路构成。According to one aspect of the present invention, the voltage adjustment switch is composed of a relay and a contactor or a power electronic switch circuit.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述旁路开关由控制继电器及接触器构成。According to one aspect of the present invention, the bypass switch is composed of a control relay and a contactor.
根据本发明的一个方面，各相的旁路开关K o分别与各相的输入电压和电压调整变压器连接；所述电压调整开关包括过渡电阻开关K R、电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N；其中K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N同时也为短路开关，即电压选择档位开关也作为短路开关使用；工作控制开关包括火线控制开关K -、K -N以及接地开关K +、K +N；各相的电压调整变压器包括分别与对应的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N连接的一次线圈N 1、N 2、N N、N +1、铁芯M、以及二次线圈N’；K R与电阻R串联后与K N并联。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the bypass switch K o of each phase is respectively connected to the input voltage and the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase; the voltage adjustment switch includes a transition resistance switch K R , voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; Among them, K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are also short-circuit switches, that is, the voltage selection gear switch is also used as a short-circuit switch ; FireWire operation control switch comprises a switch control K -, K -N and grounding switch K +, K + N; each voltage transformer includes adjusting phases respectively corresponding to the voltage selector position switch K 1, K 2, K N , K The primary coils N 1 , N 2 , N N , N +1 , the iron core M, and the secondary coil N′ connected to N+1 and K N+N ; K R is connected in series with the resistor R and then connected in parallel with K N.
一种基于上述三相电压平衡及稳定装置的三相电压平衡及稳定方法，该方法包括：输出电压设定装置设定各相的输出电压V sd；输入电压采样装置采样各相的输入电压V i；核心控制器接收输出电压设定装置的各相设定数值V sd；核心控制器接收输入电压采样环节采集的各相输入电压V i；核心控制器计算V i-V sd的数值，根据V i-V sd控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相电压的档位。 A three-phase voltage balance and stabilization method based on the above-mentioned three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device. The method includes: an output voltage setting device sets the output voltage V sd of each phase; the input voltage sampling device samples the input voltage V of each phase i ; the core controller receives the set value V sd of each phase of the output voltage setting device; the core controller receives the input voltage V i of each phase collected by the input voltage sampling link; the core controller calculates the value of V i -V sd according to V i -V sd controls the voltage adjustment switch of each phase and the voltage adjustment transformer to adjust the voltage range of each phase.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述调整各相电压的档位包括及工作过程如下：将电压调整变压器的一次回路短路；打开旁路开关K 0；合上过渡电阻开关K R；打开除接地开关外的所有开关；根据输入电压与设定电压的差值，确定合上电压调整开关的控制开关K -、K +N或K +、K -N；合上电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个；断开过渡电阻开关K R。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the step of adjusting the voltage of each phase includes and the working process is as follows: short-circuit the primary circuit of the voltage adjustment transformer; open the bypass switch K 0 ; close the transition resistance switch K R ; open the grounding switch All switches outside; in accordance with the difference between the input voltage and the set voltage, the control switch K is determined close the switch the voltage regulator -, K + N or K +, K -N; closing the voltage selector position switch K 1, K 2. One of K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; disconnect the transition resistance switch K R.
核心控制器获取输出电压采样装置采样的输出电压V o，当采样的输出电压V o与设定的输出电压V sd的差值V o-V sd超过预定范围时，根据差值V o-V sd选择新的电压调整开关的档位，即新的需闭合的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个；合上过渡电阻控制开关K R；断开已合上的电压选择档位开关；合上新的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； 断开过渡电阻开关K R。当由电压调整状态转为旁路状态时，打开电压调整开关的控制开关K -、K +N或K +、K -N；合上除当前处于闭合状态的K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的任一开关，合上旁路开关K 0； The core controller acquires a sampling means sampling the output voltage V o of the output voltage, when the output voltage V sd sampled output voltage V o and the set V o -V sd difference exceeds a predetermined range, based on the difference V o -V sd select the new voltage adjustment switch gear, that is, the new voltage selection gear switch to be closed K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; close the transition resistance control switch K R ; disconnect the closed voltage selection gear switch; close one of the new voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ; disconnect the transition resistance Switch K R. When turned by the voltage regulator bypass state, open the control switch voltage adjustment switch K -, K + N or K +, K -N; close the other in the closed state of the current K 1, K 2, K N, Any switch of K N+1 and K N+N , close the bypass switch K 0 ;
其中，提高电压合K +、K -N，降低电压合K -、K +N。 Wherein, to increase the voltage together K +, K -N, together reduce the voltage K -, K + N.
本方案利用电磁机构原理，通过逻辑控制电路实现自动检测三相电压，根据检测的三相电压的电压差值，以及设定的目标电压值，自动分相调整三相电压，使之三相电压自动保持平衡及稳定；并在电压值偏离目标值时，自动调整。调整过程中，无电压突变情况，且可带载安全调整，无任何附加谐波及断电情况。This scheme uses the principle of electromagnetic mechanism to realize automatic detection of three-phase voltage through logic control circuit. According to the voltage difference of the detected three-phase voltage and the set target voltage value, the three-phase voltage is automatically adjusted by phase to make it three-phase voltage. Automatically maintain balance and stability; and automatically adjust when the voltage value deviates from the target value. During the adjustment process, there is no sudden change in voltage, and it can be safely adjusted with load, without any additional harmonics and power failure.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明三相电压平衡及稳定装置的结构原理图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device of the present invention.
图2为本发明三相电压平衡及稳定装置的电路连接图。Figure 2 is a circuit connection diagram of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参见图1和图2，对本申请提出的三相电压平衡及稳定装置的结构和工作流程进行介绍。1 and 2, the structure and working process of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device proposed in this application are introduced.
首先参见图1，本发明提出的电压平衡及稳定装置包括直流工作电源、输入和输出电压采样装置、输出电压设定装置、核心控制器、工作控制开关、电压调整开关、电压调整变压器、旁路开关。First, referring to Figure 1, the voltage balance and stabilization device proposed by the present invention includes a DC working power supply, input and output voltage sampling device, output voltage setting device, core controller, work control switch, voltage adjustment switch, voltage adjustment transformer, bypass switch.
其中，所述直流工作电源为该装置中各环节的直流工作部分提供工作电源；输入和输出电压采样装置由电压互感器或分压电阻为主要构成，输入电压采样装置用于采样各相的输入电压，输出电压采样装置用于采样各相的输出电压；输出电压设定装置，由硬件数字键盘或触摸屏以及直流电压调整开关构成，可以远程通讯或无线遥控，用于对各相的输出电压进行设定；核心控制器，由PLC或MCU或逻辑门电路硬件控制电路等构成，用于接收采样的所述输入电压、采样的所述输出电压以及设定的各相的输出电压，以控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相的电压档位；工作控制开关，由接触器构成，与各相的电压调整开关连接，工作控制开关用于调整各相的电压调整开关和电压调整变压器的工作状态；各相的电压调整开关，由继电器及接触器构成或由电力电子开关电路构成，分别与该相的电压调整变压器连接；各相的电压调整变压器，由三个单相变压器构成；旁路开关，由控制继电器及接触器构成，所述旁路开关用于对各相的电压调整变压器进行旁路。Wherein, the DC working power supply provides working power for the DC working part of each link in the device; the input and output voltage sampling device is mainly composed of a voltage transformer or a voltage divider resistor, and the input voltage sampling device is used to sample the input of each phase The voltage and output voltage sampling device is used to sample the output voltage of each phase; the output voltage setting device is composed of a hardware digital keyboard or touch screen and a DC voltage adjustment switch. It can be remotely communicated or wirelessly controlled to perform the output voltage of each phase. Setting; core controller, composed of PLC or MCU or logic gate circuit hardware control circuit, etc., used to receive the sampled input voltage, sampled output voltage, and set output voltage of each phase to control each The phase voltage adjustment switch and voltage adjustment transformer adjust the voltage gear of each phase; the work control switch is composed of a contactor and is connected to the voltage adjustment switch of each phase. The work control switch is used to adjust the voltage adjustment switch and voltage adjustment of each phase. The working state of the transformer; the voltage adjustment switch of each phase is composed of a relay and a contactor or a power electronic switch circuit, which is connected to the voltage adjustment transformer of the phase; the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase is composed of three single-phase transformers The bypass switch is composed of a control relay and a contactor, and the bypass switch is used to bypass the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase.
现在参见图2，对三相电压平衡及稳定装置的具体结构进行描述。Now referring to Figure 2, the specific structure of the three-phase voltage balancing and stabilizing device will be described.
在图2中，K 0a、K 0b、K 0c为A、B、C三相的旁路开关，分别与A、B、C三相的输入电压和电压调整变压器连接，下文为简单起见，使用K 0表示各相的旁路开关；K R为过渡电阻开关；K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N为电压选择档位开关；K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N同时也为短路开关，即电压选择 档位开关也可作为短路开关使用；K -、K -N为火线控制开关；K +、K +N为接地开关；N’为二次线圈；N 1、N 2、N N、N +1、N +N为一次线圈，分别与对应的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N连接；M为铁芯；R为电阻(也可以是电容C、电抗L或它们的任意组合体)；K R与R串联后与K N并联。如图2所示，各相的电压选择档位开关和一次、二次线圈等的电路结构相同，因此使用了相同的符号来表示。上述电压选择档位开关及过渡电阻开关等构成了上文的电压调整开关，一次和二次线圈及铁芯组成了上述的电压调整变压器。 In Figure 2, K 0a , K 0b , and K 0c are the bypass switches for the three phases of A, B, and C, which are connected to the input voltage of the three phases of A, B, and C and the voltage adjustment transformer. The following is for simplicity, use K 0 means the bypass switch of each phase; K R is the transition resistance switch; K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are voltage selection gear switches; K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are also short-circuit switches, that is, voltage selection gear switches can also be used as short-circuit switches; K - and K -N are live wire control switches; K + and K +N are grounding switches; N'is the secondary coil; N 1 , N 2 , N N , N +1 , and N +N are the primary coils, respectively, and the corresponding voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N is connected; M is an iron core; R is a resistance (can also be a capacitor C, a reactance L or any combination of them); K R and R are connected in series and connected in parallel with K N. As shown in Figure 2, the voltage selection gear switches of each phase have the same circuit structure as the primary and secondary coils, so the same symbols are used to indicate them. The above-mentioned voltage selection gear switch and transition resistance switch constitute the above-mentioned voltage adjustment switch, and the primary and secondary coils and iron core constitute the above-mentioned voltage adjustment transformer.
下面，结合图1和图2介绍三相电压平衡及稳定装置的工作方法。In the following, the working method of the three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device will be introduced in conjunction with Figure 1 and Figure 2.
输出电压设定装置设定各相的输出电压V sd；其中，A、B、C三相设定的输出电压可分别为V sda、V sdb、V sdc，下面为了简化，仅通过V sd进行描述。 The output voltage setting device sets the output voltage V sd of each phase; among them, the output voltage of the three phases A, B, and C can be set as V sda , V sdb , and V sdc respectively . For the sake of simplicity, only V sd is used below. description.
输入电压采样装置采样各相的输入电压V i；与上文相同，这里使用V i进行简单描述。 The input voltage sampling device samples the input voltage V i of each phase; the same as the above, V i is used here for a brief description.
核心控制器接收输出电压设定装置的各相设定数值V sd； The core controller receives each phase setting value V sd of the output voltage setting device;
核心控制器接收输入电压采样环节采集的各相输入电压V i； The core controller receives the input voltage is sampled in each segment acquisition phase input voltage V i;
核心控制器计算V i-V sd的数值，根据V i-V sd控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相电压的档位。 The core controller calculates the value V i -V sd, each phase adjustment of the control voltage and the voltage adjusting transformer reset switch gear according to each phase voltage V i -V sd.
具体的档位调整方法包括：Specific gear adjustment methods include:
将电压调整变压器的一次回路短路；Short-circuit the primary circuit of the voltage adjustment transformer;
打开旁路开关K 0； Open the bypass switch K 0 ;
合上过渡电阻开关K R； Close the transition resistance switch K R ;
打开短路开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N； Open the short circuit switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
合上电压调整开关的火线控制开关K -、K +N或K +、K -N； Closing the switch Firewire voltage adjustment control switch K -, K + N or K +, K -N;
合上电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； Close one of the voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
断开过渡电阻开关K R； Disconnect the transition resistance switch K R ;
核心控制器获取输出电压采样装置采样的输出电压V o，当采样的输出电压V o与设定的输出电压V sd的差值V o-V sd超过预定范围时，根据差值V o-V sd选择新的电压调整开关的档位，即新的当需要重新调整电压时：需闭合的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； The core controller acquires a sampling means sampling the output voltage V o of the output voltage, when the output voltage V sd sampled output voltage V o and the set V o -V sd difference exceeds a predetermined range, based on the difference V o -V sd selects the new voltage adjustment switch gear, that is, the new voltage selection gear switch K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N when the voltage needs to be re-adjusted ；
合上过渡电阻控制开关K R； Close the transition resistance control switch K R ;
断开已合上的电压选择档位开关(K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个)； Disconnect the closed voltage selection gear switch (one of K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N );
当需要转为旁路状态时：合上新的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； When it is necessary to switch to the bypass state: close one of the new voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
断开过渡电阻开关K R； Disconnect the transition resistance switch K R ;
打开电压调整开关的控制开关K -、K -N； Open voltage adjustment switch control switch K -, K -N;
合上旁路开关K 0。 Close the bypass switch K 0 .
其中，需提高电压即当V i<V sd时合K +、K +N；需降低电压即V i>V sd时合K -、K -N。 Among them, when the voltage needs to be increased, that is, when V i <V sd , K + and K +N are combined; when the voltage needs to be reduced, that is, when V i > V sd , K − and K -N are combined.
※为同名端※For the end of the same name
本发明有效解决了长期困扰电力***三相电压不平衡及不稳定的难题，既保护供电设备和用电设备，又降低线损，提高供电质量，起到节能降耗的作用。The invention effectively solves the problems that have plagued the three-phase voltage unbalance and instability of the power system for a long time, protects power supply equipment and electrical equipment, reduces line loss, improves power supply quality, and plays the role of energy saving and consumption reduction.

Claims (13)

  1. 一种三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：A three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device, which is characterized in:
    所述三相电压平衡及稳定装置包括输入电压采样装置、输出电压采样装置、输出电压设定装置、核心控制器、电压调整开关、电压调整变压器；其中The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device includes an input voltage sampling device, an output voltage sampling device, an output voltage setting device, a core controller, a voltage adjustment switch, and a voltage adjustment transformer; wherein
    所述输入电压采样装置用于采样各相的输入电压；The input voltage sampling device is used to sample the input voltage of each phase;
    所述输出电压采样装置用于采样各相的输出电压；The output voltage sampling device is used to sample the output voltage of each phase;
    输出电压设定装置用于对各相的输出电压进行设定；The output voltage setting device is used to set the output voltage of each phase;
    各相的电压调整开关分别与该相的电压调整变压器连接；The voltage adjustment switch of each phase is respectively connected to the voltage adjustment transformer of the phase;
    核心控制器，用于接收采样的所述输入电压、采样的所述输出电压以及设定的各相的输出电压，以控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相的电压档位。The core controller is used to receive the sampled input voltage, the sampled output voltage, and the set output voltage of each phase to control the voltage adjustment switch and the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase to adjust the voltage gear of each phase.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述三相电压平衡及稳定装置还包括工作控制开关和旁路开关，所述旁路开关用于对各相的电压调整变压器进行旁路，工作控制开关用于调整各相的电压调整开关和电压调整变压器的工作状态。The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device also includes a work control switch and a bypass switch, the bypass switch is used to bypass the voltage adjustment transformer of each phase, and the work control switch is used to adjust the voltage adjustment switch and the bypass switch of each phase. The working status of the voltage adjustment transformer.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述核心控制器是由PLC或MCU或逻辑门电路硬件控制电路构成。The core controller is composed of PLC or MCU or logic gate circuit hardware control circuit.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述电压调整变压器是由三个单相变压器构成。The voltage adjustment transformer is composed of three single-phase transformers.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述输入或输出电压采样装置是由电压互感器或由采样电阻分压构成。The input or output voltage sampling device is composed of a voltage transformer or a sampling resistor divider.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述输出电压设定装置由硬件数字键盘或触摸屏构成，可以远程通讯或无线遥控器或由开关分压构成。The output voltage setting device is constituted by a hardware numeric keyboard or a touch screen, and can be constituted by remote communication or a wireless remote control or by a switch voltage divider.
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
    所述工作控制开关由接触器构成。The work control switch is composed of a contactor.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述电压调整开关由继电器及接触器或电力电子开关电路构成。The voltage adjustment switch is composed of a relay and a contactor or a power electronic switch circuit.
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
    所述旁路开关由可由三个单相开关或一个三相开关构成。The bypass switch can be composed of three single-phase switches or one three-phase switch.
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
    所述过渡电阻R可以由R(电阻)、C(电容)、L(电抗)任意一个或它们的任意组合体构成.The transition resistance R can be composed of any one of R (resistance), C (capacitance), L (reactance) or any combination thereof.
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置，其特征在于：The three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
    各相的旁路开关K o分别与各相的输入电压和电压调整变压器连接；所述电压调整开关包括过渡电阻开关K R，电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N；其中K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N同时也为短路开关，即电压选择档位开关也作为短路开关使用；工作控制开关包括火线控制开关K -、K +N以及接地开关K +、K -N；各相的电压调整变压器包括分别与对应的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N连接的一次线圈N 1、N 2、N N、N +1、铁芯M、以及二次线圈N’；K R与电阻R串联后与K N并联。 The bypass switch K o of each phase is respectively connected to the input voltage and voltage adjustment transformer of each phase; the voltage adjustment switch includes a transition resistance switch K R , and voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+ 1. K N+N ; Among them, K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N are also short-circuit switches at the same time, that is, the voltage selection gear switch is also used as a short-circuit switch; the work control switch includes a live wire control switch K -, K + N and the ground switch K +, K -N; each phase voltage regulation transformer includes respectively corresponding to the voltage selector position switch K 1, K 2, K N , K N + 1, K N + N- connected primary coils N 1 , N 2 , N N , N +1 , iron core M, and secondary coil N'; K R is connected in series with resistor R and then connected in parallel with K N.
  12. 一种根据权利要求1所述的三相电压平衡及稳定装置的三相电压平衡及稳定方法，其特征在于，涵盖方法包括：A three-phase voltage balance and stabilization method for a three-phase voltage balance and stabilization device according to claim 1, wherein the covering method includes:
    输出电压设定装置设定各相的输出电压V sd； The output voltage setting device sets the output voltage V sd of each phase;
    输入电压采样装置采样各相的输入电压V i； The input voltage sampling device samples the input voltage V i of each phase;
    核心控制器接收输出电压设定装置的各相设定数值V sd； The core controller receives each phase setting value V sd of the output voltage setting device;
    核心控制器接收输入电压采样环节采集的各相输入电压V i； The core controller receives the input voltage is sampled in each segment acquisition phase input voltage V i;
    核心控制器计算V i-V sd的数值，根据V i-V sd控制各相的电压调整开关与电压调整变压器调整各相电压的档位。 The core controller calculates the value V i -V sd, each phase adjustment of the control voltage and the voltage adjusting transformer reset switch gear according to each phase voltage V i -V sd.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于：The method according to claim 11, wherein:
    所述调整各相电压包括的档位及工作过程如下：The gears and working process involved in adjusting the voltage of each phase are as follows:
    13.1.旁路转调整过程13.1. Bypass transfer adjustment process
    将电压调整变压器的一次回路短路，即将K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N闭合，合上K +或K -N； Short-circuit the primary circuit of the voltage adjustment transformer, that is, close K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N , and close K + or K -N ;
    打开旁路开关K 0； Open the bypass switch K 0 ;
    合上过渡电阻开关K R； Close the transition resistance switch K R ;
    打开短路开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N； Open the short circuit switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
    合上电压调整开关的火线控制开关K -、K +N或K +、K -N； Closing the switch Firewire voltage adjustment control switch K -, K + N or K +, K -N;
    合上电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； Close one of the voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
    断开过渡电阻开关K R； Disconnect the transition resistance switch K R ;
    13.2.电压调整过程13.2. Voltage adjustment process
    核心控制器获取输出电压采样装置采样的输出电压V o，当采样的输出电压V o与设定的输 出电压V sd的差值V o-V sd超过预定范围时，根据差值V o-V sd选择新的电压调整开关的档位，即新的需闭合的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； The core controller acquires a sampling means sampling the output voltage V o of the output voltage, when the output voltage V sd sampled output voltage V o and the set V o -V sd difference exceeds a predetermined range, based on the difference V o -V sd selects the new voltage adjustment switch gear, that is, one of the new voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N to be closed;
    合上过渡电阻控制开关K R； Close the transition resistance control switch K R ;
    断开已合上的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； Disconnect one of the closed voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
    合上新的电压选择档位开关K 1、K 2、K N、K N+1、K N+N中的一个； Close one of the new voltage selection gear switches K 1 , K 2 , K N , K N+1 , K N+N ;
    断开过渡电阻开关K R； Disconnect the transition resistance switch K R ;
    13.3.调整转旁路过程13.3. Adjust to bypass process
    合上过渡电阻控制开关K R； Close the transition resistance control switch K R ;
    打开电压调整开关的火线控制开关K -或K -N； Turn on the live wire control switch K - or K -N of the voltage adjustment switch;
    合上旁路开关K 0； Close the bypass switch K 0 ;
    其中：提高输出电压合K +、K -N，降低输出电压合K -、K +N。 Among them: increase the output voltage and combine K + and K -N , reduce the output voltage and combine K - and K +N .
    即：若：V i-V sd>0即：降低输出电压，则工作时合K -、K +N； That is: if: V i -V sd > 0, that is: reduce the output voltage, K - and K +N are combined during operation;
    若：V i-V sd<0即：提高输出电压，则工作时合K +、K -N； If: V i -V sd <0, that is: increase the output voltage, K + , K -N are combined during operation;
PCT/CN2020/081420 2019-07-04 2020-03-26 Voltage balancing and stabilizing apparatus and method WO2021000610A1 (en)

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