WO2020261961A1 - クロメン化合物、およびフォトクロミック光学物品 - Google Patents
クロメン化合物、およびフォトクロミック光学物品 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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- C07D311/94—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
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- C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
- C07D513/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/302—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and two or more oxygen atoms in the alcohol moiety
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- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F230/08—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
- C08F230/085—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon the monomer being a polymerisable silane, e.g. (meth)acryloyloxy trialkoxy silanes or vinyl trialkoxysilanes
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/04—Contact lenses for the eyes
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1088—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing oxygen as the only heteroatom
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/102—Photochromic filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel chromene compound having a polymerizable group and a novel photochromic optical article obtained by polymerizing the chromene compound.
- Photochromism is a reversible reaction in which when a compound is irradiated with light containing ultraviolet rays such as sunlight or mercury lamp light, the color changes rapidly, and when the light is stopped and placed in a dark place, the color returns to the original color due to heat. Is. Photochromic compounds having this property are used as materials for applications in which reversible discoloration or darkening induced by sunlight is desired, for example, photochromic spectacle lenses and photochromic contact lenses.
- Photochromic compounds used in plastic spectacle lenses are generally required to have the following characteristics.
- (4) The reversible action has good repeated durability.
- photochromic characteristics when imparting photochromic characteristics to a contact lens, in addition to the above characteristics, since it is in direct contact with the eyes, higher performance is required than that of a photochromic compound used for spectacle lenses.
- a photochromic compound used for spectacle lenses For example (6) It is a characteristic that the photochromic compound does not elute when it is used as a contact lens. In particular, when a contact lens is formed, the elution of the photochromic compound causes a problem of adverse effects on the eye due to elution and diffusion into the eye.
- a photochromic compound having a monomer structure (polymerizable group) capable of copolymerizing with a contact lens material monomer has been developed.
- a chromene compound having a polymerizable group represented by the following formulas (X), (Y) and (Z) is disclosed (see Patent Documents 1, 2 and 3). Since these chromium compounds have a polymerizable group, they are copolymerized with other monomers and incorporated into the polymer chain, so that elution can be reduced when they are used as contact lenses.
- the polymerizable group of the chromene compound represented by the formula (X) is a hydroxyl group, and there is room for improvement in that other monomers are limited and elution cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
- a compound in which a polymerizable group was substituted at the 13-position such as the chromene compound represented by the above formula (Z), had low repetitive durability and had room for improvement, although elution was suppressed.
- the chromene compounds of the formulas (Y) and (Z) cannot exhibit sufficient characteristics when used for contact lens applications. That is, it was found that when a chromene compound is used for contact lens applications, the following effects are additionally required. Specifically, it has the following characteristics. (7) A high color development density near the surface temperature of the eyes (33 to 38 ° C.) is required. (8) When moving to a dark place such as in a tunnel, high-speed response within several to several tens of seconds is required until fading.
- the above effects (6), (7), and (8) are not limited to contact lens applications. That is, if the effect as described in (6) is exhibited, the elution of the photochromic compound is eliminated even in the spectacle lens, so that the adverse effect on the eyes can be further suppressed. Further, if the effects of (7) and (8) are exhibited, it can be used as a photochromic spectacle lens having higher performance than ever in a hot and sunny area such as summer. In addition, those capable of high-speed response not only increase their value as photochromic spectacle lenses, but also increase their possibility of being used in various applications.
- the present invention is to provide a monomer compound having.
- the present inventors have conducted extensive research in order to solve the above problems. Taking advantage of the fact that the chromen compound can exhibit photochromic properties according to each application by binding various substituents to the indenonaphthopyran skeleton, various substituents and the positions of the bonds of the substituents are utilized. It was investigated.
- the indenonaphthopyran skeleton (formally, "indeno (2,1-f) naphtho (1,2-b) pyran structure")
- the first invention is a chromium compound represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 are independently a group having a radically polymerizable group, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a is an integer of 0 to 5
- b is an integer of 0 to 5
- a + b 1 to 10.
- At least one of R 1 and R 2 is a group having a radically polymerizable group.
- the group having the radically polymerizable group is represented by the following formula (2).
- R 10 is a linear or branched chain alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- l is an integer from 0 to 50, and when l is 2 or more, the groups of the units enclosed by l may be the same or different groups from each other.
- PG is a radically polymerizable group.
- the ring Z indicated by is An aliphatic ring group which may have a substituent and has 3 to 20 carbon atoms constituting the ring together with the carbon atom at the 13-position.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyano group, and the like.
- Halogen atom alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, carbon It may have an alkoxycarbonyl group of 2 to 7, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- a good aryloxy group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a thiol group, a carbon It is an alkoxyalkylthio group having 2 to 9, a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, Heterocyclic group, cyano group, halogen atom, alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 are put together in the following equation (3).
- * Refers to the carbon atom at the 6th or 7th position.
- One or both of X and Y are sulfur atom, methylene group, oxygen atom, or the following formula.
- R 9 has a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a substituent. It is an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and a heteroaryl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Is the group R 7 and R 8 are independently hydroxy groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, respectively.
- R 7 and R 8 may form an aliphatic ring together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- e is an integer of 1 to 3] may form a ring as shown by.
- R 5 is a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- Is the group c is an integer of 0 to 2, and when c is 2, R 5 may be the same or different groups from each other.
- R 6 is a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- the second invention is a photochromic curable composition containing the chromene compound of the first invention and other polymerizable monomers.
- the third invention is a photochromic optical article obtained by polymerizing the chromene compound of the first invention.
- the fourth invention is a photochromic optical article obtained by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition of the second invention.
- the photochromic optical article has a polymer molded body obtained by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition as at least a part of the constituent members.
- the photochromic optical article has a polymer film obtained by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition as a coating layer for covering at least a part of an optical base material.
- the chromene compound of the present invention exerts an excellent effect by having at least one radically polymerizable group in a specific ring Z (ring group containing a carbon atom at the 13-position) and a phenyl group substituted at the 3-position. ..
- the degree of polymerization is high when copolymerized with other monomers, and the elution of the chromene compound itself can be suppressed in the obtained polymer.
- the resulting polymer is a photochromic optical article having a high color density and a fast fading rate in a specific temperature range (eg, 33 ° C. or higher and 38 ° C. or lower above room temperature).
- the chromium compound of the present invention has a radically polymerizable group at a specific ring Z and a specific position, and if one of the groups does not satisfy the requirements of the present invention, excellent properties cannot be exhibited.
- the conventional compound there is no compound that satisfies these two substituents at the same time. Therefore, for example, when the chromen compound of the present invention is used for a photochromic contact lens, elution of the photochromic compound (chromen compound) can be suppressed, and even at a temperature near the surface temperature of the eye, a high color development density and a fast fading rate can be obtained. It is possible to manufacture a photochromic contact lens having a temperature. Further, when a photochromic spectacle lens is used, it can be used in a high temperature area and can be used for high-speed response, so that it has high added value.
- the chromium compound of the present invention has the following formula (1). It has a 3,3-diphenylindenonaphthopyrane structure represented by (1) as a basic skeleton (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as "indenonaphthopyrane skeleton").
- chromene compounds having an indenonaphthopyran structure are known to exhibit excellent photochromic properties.
- specific substituents will be described step by step.
- R 1 and R 2 are substituents substituted with a phenyl group bonded to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the indenonaphthopyrane skeleton.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently a group having a radically polymerizable group, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- An alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, a heterocyclic group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or an alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. is there.
- a is an integer of 0 to 5
- b is an integer of 0 to 5
- a + b 1 to 10
- at least one of R 1 and R 2 is a group having a radically polymerizable group.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other. Good.
- R 2 Similarly, when R 2 there are a plurality may be different groups be the same as each other.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group. And so on.
- haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom is preferable.
- suitable haloalkyl groups include trifluoromethyl group, tetrafluoroethyl group, chloromethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, bromomethyl group and the like.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group and the like.
- Examples of the suitable alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, an n-butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a tert-butoxy group and the like. it can.
- the amino group is not limited to the primary amino group (-NH 2 ), and may be a secondary or tertiary amino group in which one or two hydrogen atoms are substituted.
- substituent having such an amino group include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include an aryl group having 6 to 14 and a heteroaryl group having 4 to 14 carbon atoms.
- suitable amino groups include an amino group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, an ethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a phenylamino group, a diphenylamino group and the like.
- heterocyclic group for example, an aliphatic heterocyclic group such as a morpholino group, a piperidino group, a pyrrolidinyl group, a piperazino group, an N-methylpiperazino group and an aromatic heterocyclic group such as an indolinyl group can be mentioned as preferable ones.
- the heterocyclic group may have a substituent. Preferred substituents include alkyl groups. Suitable heterocyclic groups having a substituent include, for example, a 2,6-dimethylmorpholino group, a 2,6-dimethylpiperidino group and a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino group.
- halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms examples include a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, an n-propylthio group, an isopropylthio group, an n-butylthio group, a sec-butylthio group, a t-butylthio group and the like.
- arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms examples include a phenylthio group, a 1-naphthylthio group, a 2-naphthylthio group and the like.
- 1 to 5 hydrogen atoms in the aromatic ring are an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and 3 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with a cycloalkyl group of -8 or a halogen atom.
- the carbon number of 6 to 10 of the arylthio group does not include the carbon number of the substituent.
- the groups other than the group having a radically polymerizable group include the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the amino group, and the above. It is preferably a group selected from a substituted amino group, the heterocyclic group, and the halogen atom.
- examples of particularly suitable ones include a methyl group, a methoxy group, a dimethylamino group, a morpholino group, a piperidino group, a fluoro group and the like.
- the number of R 1 and R 2 other than the group having a radically polymerizable group is preferably 1 or 0. That is, it is preferable that the group other than the group having a radically polymerizable group is partially substituted with a phenyl group or not substituted at all. When it is mono-substituted with a phenyl group, it is preferably substituted with a para-position.
- the group having a radically polymerizable group is a group represented by the following formula (2).
- R 10 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. It is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Examples of a suitable alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include a methylene group, an ethylene group, an n-propylene group, an isopropylene group, an n-butylene group, a sec-butylene group, a tert-butylene group, a pentylene group and the like. be able to.
- l is an integer from 0 to 50. Considering the productivity of the chromene compound itself and the effect exerted, l is preferably an integer of 1 to 20, more preferably an integer of 1 to 10, and preferably an integer of 1 to 5. More preferably, it is particularly preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and most preferably 1. In particular, in order to suppress the hydrolyzability of the chromene compound itself, l is preferably an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1. By suppressing hydrolysis, it is possible to prevent the decomposition product of the chromene compound from bleeding out from a cured product such as a photochromic contact lens. l refers to the repeating unit of ( ⁇ R 10 O ⁇ ). When l is 2 or more, the groups of the units enclosed by l ((-R 10 O-) groups) may be the same or different groups from each other.
- PG is a radically polymerizable group, and is a vinyl group, a 1-chlorovinyl group, an allyl group, a styryl group, a (meth) acrylic group, a 2- (methacryloxy) ethylcarbamyl group, and a 2- (methacryloxy) ethoxycarbonyl group.
- Examples include groups, crotyl groups, and the like.
- the (meth) acrylic group is most preferable in consideration of the productivity of the chromene compound itself and the performance of the obtained photochromic optical article.
- a refers to the number of R 1 (number of substitutions)
- b refers to the number of R 2 (number of substitutions).
- a is an integer of 0 to 5
- b is an integer of 0 to 5
- a + b 1 to 10
- at least one of R 1 and R 2 is a group having the radically polymerizable group.
- It may be a hydrogen atom.
- the most preferable embodiment is the case where the number of groups having the radically polymerizable group is one.
- the number of groups having a radically polymerizable group is two or more, the elution of the photochromic compound can be suppressed, but the photochromic compound is crosslinked, and the photochromic property tends to be deteriorated.
- the position where the group having a radically polymerizable group is substituted is preferably the para position of the phenyl group of 3,3-diphenylindenonaphthopyrane. Therefore, a preferred embodiment is a case where the group having a radically polymerizable group is substituted at the para position of one of the phenyl groups.
- the other phenyl group is not limited, but it is also preferable that one substituent is present at the para position or no substituent is present (the para position is also a hydrogen atom). Among them, it is preferable that the other phenyl group has no substituent or is substituted with the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, or the heterocyclic group at the para position.
- Ring Z (ring group spiro-bonded to the carbon atom at position 13) is represented by An aliphatic ring group which may have a substituent and has 3 to 20 carbon atoms constituting the ring together with the carbon atom at the 13-position.
- a fused polycyclic group obtained by condensing an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle which may have a substituent on the aliphatic ring.
- the number of carbon atoms or the number of atoms shown in the ring group indicates the number of carbons or atoms constituting the ring, and includes the number of carbon atoms or the number of atoms of the substituent. It's not a thing.
- Examples of the aliphatic ring include a cyclopentane ring, a cyclohexane ring, a cyclooctane ring, a cycloheptane ring, a norbornane ring, a bicyclononane ring, and an adamantane ring.
- fused polycycle in which an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle is fused to the aliphatic ring include a phenanthrene ring.
- heterocycle examples include a thiophene ring, a furan ring, and a pyridine ring.
- examples of the fused polycycle obtained by condensing an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle on the heterocycle include a phenylfuran ring and a biphenylthiophene ring.
- the aliphatic ring, a fused polycycle in which an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle is fused to the aliphatic ring, the heterocycle, or a condensed polycycle in which an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle is fused to the heterocycle. May have a substituent.
- substituents to be substituted for the ring (condensed polycycle) an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include at least one type of substituent selected from the group consisting of a group, an amino group, a substituted amino group and a halogen atom.
- the alkyl group, the haloalkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the alkoxy group, the amino group, the substituted amino group, and the halogen atom are the same as the groups already described in ⁇ R 1 and R 2 >. The group is mentioned.
- the chromene compound of the present invention exerts a particularly excellent effect as an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and carbon. Alkoxy groups of numbers 1 to 6 are particularly preferred.
- the chromene compound of the present invention is a compound that is difficult to be hydrolyzed by itself. For example, when having a polymerizable group via an ester bond or an amide bond, these bonds are easily hydrolyzed. In such a situation, the chromium compound of the present invention can suppress the hydrolysis.
- the chromene compound of the present invention has a specific ring Z. That is, when the group having a radically polymerizable group is the same group, comparing the compound having no ring Z with the chromene compound of the present invention having a specific ring Z, the chromene compound of the present invention is bulky. It becomes a high compound.
- the chromene compound of the present invention protects a portion that is easily hydrolyzed due to steric damage. This effect is particularly noticeable when it has a (meth) acrylic group, a 2- (methacrylicoxy) ethylcarbamyl group, and a 2- (methacrylicoxy) ethoxycarbonyl group.
- a (meth) acrylic group a 2- (methacrylicoxy) ethylcarbamyl group
- a 2- (methacrylicoxy) ethoxycarbonyl group By suppressing hydrolysis, it is possible to prevent the decomposition product of the chromene compound from bleeding out from a cured product such as a photochromic contact lens.
- the above-mentioned aliphatic hydrocarbon ring group having 5 to 16 carbon atoms constituting the ring.
- a ring group in which is bonded or fused is preferable.
- a particularly suitable ring Z include an unsubstituted cyclohexane ring group, a cycloheptane ring group, a cyclooctane ring group, a cyclononane ring group, a cyclodecane ring group, a cycloundecane ring group, or a cyclo. It is a dodecane group.
- the ring Z may be a cyclohexane ring group, but when it is a cyclohexane ring group, it is preferably a cyclohexane ring group substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Is preferable. Further, in the case of a cyclohexane group in which the alkyl group is substituted, the number of substituents of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 2 to 6.
- the ring Z is represented by.
- the ring Z is a group represented by the above formula, it is considered that the ring Z is bulky, but the hydrolysis of the chromium compound itself can be further suppressed. By suppressing hydrolysis, it is possible to prevent the decomposition product of the chromene compound from bleeding out from a cured product such as a photochromic contact lens.
- the carbon atom having the dotted line bond is the carbon atom at the 13-position.
- the number of carbon atoms constituting the ring together with the carbon atom at the 13-position is 6 to 15 in order to exert the effect of having a high color-developing concentration particularly near the surface temperature of the eye. Is preferable, and the number of carbon atoms is more preferably 7 to 12.
- ring groups it is preferable to use separate ring groups when the chromene compound has a higher color development density or when the chromene compound has a faster fading rate.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyano group, and the like.
- Halogen atom alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, carbon It may have an alkoxycarbonyl group of 2 to 7, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- a good aryloxy group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a thiol group, a carbon It is an alkoxyalkylthio group having 2 to 9, a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, and 1 carbon group.
- Examples of the alkylthio group having up to 6 or the arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include the same group as the group described in ⁇ R 1 and R 2 >, and the preferred group is also the same. is there.
- alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms examples include an acetyl group and an ethylcarbonyl group.
- alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms examples include a methoxycarbonyl group and an ethoxycarbonyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms include a benzyl group, a phenylethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a phenylbutyl group, a naphthylmethyl group and the like.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms include a benzyloxy group and a naphthylmethoxy group.
- Examples of the aryloxy group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyloxy group and a naphthyloxy group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group and the like.
- heteroaryl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms examples include a thienyl group, a frill group, a pyrrolinyl group, a pyridyl group, a benzothienyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzopyrrolinyl group and the like.
- alkoxyalkylthio group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms examples include a methoxymethylthio group, a methoxyethylthio group, a methoxyn-propylthio group, a methoxyn-butylthio group, an ethoxyethylthio group, an n-propoxypropylthio group and the like. it can.
- haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms examples include a trifluoromethylthio group, a tetrafluoroethylthio group, a chloromethylthio group, a 2-chloroethylthio group, a bromomethylthio group and the like.
- Examples of the cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms include a cyclopropylthio group, a cyclobutylthio group, a cyclopentylthio group, a cyclohexylthio group and the like.
- the aralkyl group, the aralkyl group, the aryloxy group, the aryl group, and the heteroaryl group may be unsubstituted.
- 1 to 6 hydrogen atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 4 hydrogen atoms are a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an amino group, a heterocyclic group, a cyano group and a nitro group.
- the carbon number limited by the aralkyl group, the aralkyl group, the aryloxy group, the aryl group, and the heteroaryl group does not include the carbon number of the substituent.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the aryl group, the arylthio group are preferred.
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, Heterocyclic group, cyano group, halogen atom, alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
- An aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aryloxy group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- haloalkylthio group or the cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms include the specific groups exemplified in the above ⁇ R 1 and R 2 > or the above ⁇ R 3 >.
- the preferred groups are the same.
- R 3 and R 4 are put together in the following equation (3).
- * refers to the carbon atom at the 6th or 7th position. It can also be a group.
- X and Y are sulfur atom, methylene group, oxygen atom, or the following formula. It is a group indicated by.
- R 9 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the like. It is an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent and a heteroaryl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Examples of these specific groups include the specific groups exemplified in the above ⁇ R 1 and R 2 > or the above ⁇ R 3 >, and the preferred groups are also the same.
- R 7 and R 8 each independently have a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Cycloalkyl group alkoxy group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, amino group, substituted amino group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group with 2 to 7 carbon atoms, 2 carbon atoms It has an alkoxycarbonyl group of ⁇ 7, a halogen atom, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group having 7 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- aryl group with 6 to 12 carbon atoms thiol group, alkylthio group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkylthio group with 2 to 9 carbon atoms, haloalkylthio group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cyclo with 3 to 8 carbon atoms It is an alkylthio group or an arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- these specific groups include the specific groups exemplified in the above ⁇ R 1 and R 2 > or the above ⁇ R 3 >, and the preferred groups are also the same.
- R 7 and R 8 may form an aliphatic ring together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- Specific examples of the aliphatic ring include a cyclopentyl ring and a cyclohexyl ring.
- e is an integer from 1 to 3.
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom, the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the heterocyclic group, the aryl group, the arylthio group Is preferable.
- R 5 is a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, and a substituted amino group. , Heterocyclic group, cyano group, nitro group, formyl group, hydroxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, halogen atom, carbon which may have a substituent.
- a group, a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or an arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent is a specific group.
- Specific groups exemplified by R 1 and R 2 >, or the above ⁇ R 3 > and the above ⁇ R 4 > are mentioned, and the same is true for the preferred groups.
- R 5 is either a hydrogen atom, which is the alkoxy group.
- R 6 is a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- Alkylthio group alkoxyalkylthio group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or arylthio having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. It is a group. d is an integer of 0 to 4, and when d is 2 or more, R 6 may be the same or different groups from each other.
- a group, an alkoxyalkylthio group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or an arylthio group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent is ,
- These specific groups include the specific groups exemplified in the above ⁇ R 1 and R 2 >, the above ⁇ R 3 >, the above ⁇ R 4 >, and the above ⁇ R 5 >, and are preferable.
- the group is the same.
- R 6 becomes a hydrogen atom or is the alkoxy group.
- chromene compounds in the present invention include chromene compounds represented by the following formulas.
- the chromene compound of the present invention generally exists as a colorless, pale yellow, pale green solid or viscous liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and can be confirmed by the following means (a) to (c).
- composition of the corresponding product can be determined by elemental analysis.
- the chromene compound of the present invention may be produced by any synthetic method.
- An example of a method for producing a suitable chromium compound will be described.
- the reference numerals in the respective formulas have the same meanings as described in the above-mentioned formulas unless otherwise specified.
- a chromene compound can be preferably produced by a method of reacting the propargyl alcohol compound represented by (1) in the presence of an acid catalyst.
- the reaction ratio of the naphthol compound and the propargyl alcohol compound is preferably selected from the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 (molar ratio).
- the acid catalyst for example, sulfuric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, acidic alumina and the like are used.
- the acid catalyst is used in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total of the naphthol compound and the propargyl alcohol compound.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 0 to 200 ° C.
- an aprotic organic solvent for example, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene and the like is preferably used.
- the method for purifying the product obtained by such a reaction is not particularly limited.
- the product can be purified by performing silica gel column purification and further recrystallization.
- a preferable compound has a structure capable of producing a suitable chromene compound represented by the formula (1).
- a compound represented by the following formula can be mentioned as particularly preferable.
- the naphthol compound represented by the above formula (10) can be synthesized, for example, as follows.
- the naphthol compound can be synthesized based on the reaction method described in articles such as International Publication No. WO2001 / 60881 Pamphlet and International Publication No. WO2005 / 028465 Pamphlet.
- the naphthol compound can be produced by the following method.
- the carboxylic acid is benzylated by using a base such as potassium carbonate and benzyl chloride, and then hydrolyzed by using an alkali or an acid, and the following formula (15)
- a benzyl-protected carboxylic acid represented by (15) is obtained (Bn is a benzyl group in the formula (15)).
- the benzyl-protected carboxylic acid is converted to an amine by a method such as Curtius rearrangement, Hofmann rearrangement, Lossen rearrangement, etc., from which a diazonium salt is prepared by a method known per se.
- This diazonium salt is converted into bromide by a Sandmeyer reaction or the like, and the obtained bromide is reacted with magnesium, lithium or the like to prepare an organometallic compound.
- This organometallic compound is expressed by the following formula (16).
- the ketone represented by (1) in an organic solvent at -80 to 70 ° C. for 10 minutes to 4 hours, and then debenzylation reaction with hydrogen and palladium carbon or the like, the following formula (17) Obtain the alcohol indicated by.
- the Friedel-Crafts reaction of this alcohol at 10 to 120 ° C. for 10 minutes to 2 hours under neutral to acidic conditions can be used to synthesize the desired naphthol compound of the formula (10).
- the reaction ratio of the organometallic compound to the ketone represented by the formula (12) is preferably selected from the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 (molar ratio).
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 80 to 70 ° C.
- an aprotic organic solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene and the like are preferably used.
- the Friedel-Crafts reaction of the alcohol of the formula (17) under neutral to acidic conditions uses, for example, an acid catalyst such as acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, or acidic alumina.
- Such an acid catalyst is preferably used in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the alcohol of the above formula (17).
- an aprotic organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, benzene, or toluene is used.
- the propargyl alcohol compound represented by the formula (11) can be easily synthesized, for example, by reacting the ketone compound corresponding to the formula (12) with a metal acetylene compound such as lithium acetylide. If the polymerizable group is introduced into the propargyl alcohol compound represented by the formula (11) by a known method, the propargyl alcohol and the naphthol compound represented by the formula (10) are subjected to the above reaction.
- the chromene compound of the present invention can be produced.
- the chromene compound of the present invention can be produced by the above method, but in order to simplify the reaction and suppress by-products, the radically polymerizable group can be introduced as follows. preferable. Specifically, a reactive substituent such as a hydroxyl group, a primary or secondary amino group, a thiol group, and a hydrosilyl group is substituted in advance at a position where a radically polymerizable group of the propargyl alcohol compound is to be introduced. Next, the propargyl alcohol compound having the reactive substituent is reacted with the naphthol compound represented by the above formula (10) according to the above method to produce a precursor of the chromene compound of the present invention. Then, the chromene compound of the present invention is produced by introducing a radically polymerizable group into the reactive substituent of the obtained precursor.
- a reactive substituent such as a hydroxyl group, a primary or secondary amino group, a thiol group, and a hydrosilyl group is substituted in
- a known method can be adopted as the method for introducing a radically polymerizable group into the reactive substituent.
- a precursor having a hydroxyl group as a reactive substituent may be reacted with chloride (meth) acryloyl under a basic catalyst.
- a radical polymerizable group can be introduced by reacting a precursor having an amino group or a hydroxyl group with 2-isocyanatoethyl (meth) acrylate.
- a radical polymerizable group can be introduced by hydrosilylating a precursor having a hydrosilyl group as a reactive substituent and allyl methacrylate using a platinum chloride acid as a catalyst.
- the radically polymerizable group can be introduced by reacting a precursor having a hydroxyl group as a reactive substituent with vinyl chloride or allyl bromide.
- a radically polymerizable group can be introduced by droclylating a precursor having a hydrosilyl group as a reactive substituent and divinylbenzene under a platinum chloride catalyst.
- a precursor having a hydroxyl group can be obtained by reacting the naphthol compound of the above formula (10) with a propargyl alcohol compound having a hydroxyl group as a reactive substituent under acidic conditions.
- a chromene compound is obtained by reacting the precursor with acryloyl chloride in the presence of a basic catalyst such as a tertiary amine.
- the chromium compound of the present invention is well soluble in general organic solvents such as toluene, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran.
- organic solvents such as toluene, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran.
- the chromene compound represented by the above formula (1) When the chromene compound represented by the above formula (1) is dissolved in such a solvent, the solution is generally almost colorless and transparent, and when irradiated with sunlight or ultraviolet rays, it develops color rapidly, and when light is blocked, it reversibly and quickly develops color. It exhibits a good photochromic effect that returns to the original colorlessness. Then, the chromene compound of the present invention can be used in combination with other photochromic compounds depending on the intended use.
- the photochromic compound to be combined a known compound can be used without any limitation.
- flugide, flugimid, spirooxazine, chromium and the like can be mentioned.
- the chromene compound is particularly preferable from the viewpoint that the color tone at the time of color development and fading can be kept uniform, the color shift at the time of color development due to the deterioration of photochromic property can be suppressed, and the initial coloring can be reduced.
- other photochromic compounds when used for contact lenses, other photochromic compounds also preferably have a radically polymerizable group.
- the blending ratio of each chromene compound is appropriately determined according to a desired color tone.
- chromene compound of the present invention has a radically polymerizable group, it can be made into an optical article by polymerizing it alone. However, in order to use it for various purposes, it is preferable to use it in the following modes.
- the chromen compound of the present invention and the photochromic composition are photochromic curable in combination with a polymerizable monomer other than the chromen compound (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as "another polymerizable monomer"). It is preferably used as a composition.
- the photochromic curable composition depends on the color development intensity of the chromene compound, the selected lens material, and the thickness of the lens. Therefore, although it cannot be said unconditionally, it is preferable to use the following blending ratio. Specifically, it is preferable that the amount of the chromene compound or photochromic composition of the present invention is 0.001 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the other polymerizable monomer. It is preferable to adjust the optimum blending amount according to the intended use. For example, when the photochromic curable composition is used as a thin-film optical article and when it is used as a thick-film optical article, it is as follows.
- the photochromic curable composition when the photochromic curable composition is made into a thin film such as a coating, for example, a thin film of about 100 ⁇ m (a polymer film formed by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition), another polymerizable monomer. It is preferable to adjust the color tone of the monomer compound or photochromic composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.001 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass.
- a thick cured product a polymer molded product obtained by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition
- a cured product having a thickness of 1 mm or more, a thick cured product or another polymerizable monomer 100 that gives a thick cured product It is preferable to adjust the color tone with 0.001 to 1 part by mass of the monomer compound of the present invention or the photochromic composition with respect to parts by mass.
- the photochromic curable composition when used for contact lenses, the following composition is preferable. That is, it is preferable that the amount of the chromene compound or photochromic composition of the present invention is 0.001 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the other polymerizable monomer.
- the other polymerizable monomer used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be copolymerized with the chromium compound of the present invention by radical polymerization.
- Radical polymerizable compounds are roughly classified into (meth) acrylic polymerizable compounds having a (meth) acrylic group, vinyl-based polymerizable compounds having a vinyl group, allyl-based polymerizable compounds having an allyl group, and silsesquioxane. It is classified as a system-polymerizable compound. A specific example is shown below.
- Examples of the polyfunctional (meth) acrylic polymerizable compound having a (meth) acrylic group include the following polymerizable compounds.
- Methacrylate (especially average molecular weight 330), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (especially average molecular weight 536), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (especially average molecular weight 736), tripropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetrapropylene glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate (especially average molecular weight) 536), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (particularly average molecular weight 258), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (particularly average molecular weight 308), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (particularly average molecular weight 508), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (particularly average molecular weight 708), polyethylene glycol.
- examples thereof include glycol-based bifunctional (meth) acrylic-based polymerizable compounds selected from methacrylate acrylates (particularly, with an average molecular weight of 536).
- polyalkylene glycol (meth) acrylates such as glycol triacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetramethacrylate and ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate.
- Polycarbonate diol obtained by phosgenation of polyalkylene glycols such as trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, octamethylene glycol, and nonamethylene glycol (those having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 2,000).
- (meth) acrylic acid reaction product Mixtures of two or more polyalkylene glycols, such as trimethylene glycol and tetramethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol and hexamethylene diglycol, pentamethylene glycol and hexamethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol and octamethylene glycol.
- a reaction product of polycarbonate diol (number average molecular weight 500-2,000) obtained by phosgenation of 1-methyltrimethylene glycol with (meth) acrylic acid examples thereof include (meth) acrylates of polycarbonate diols such as.
- U-2PPA molecular weight 482
- UA-122P molecular weight 1,100
- U-122P molecular weight 1,100
- U-108A molecular weight 1,200PA
- UA-511 U manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- EB4858 (molecular weight 454), UX-2201, UX3201, UX4101, 6101, 7101, 8101 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., U-4HA (molecular weight 596, number of functional groups 4), U manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- a (meth) acrylate having a urethane bond such as -6HA (molecular weight 1,019, number of functional groups 6), U-6LPA (molecular weight 818, number of functional groups 6), U-15HA (molecular weight 2,300, number of functional groups 15). Can be mentioned.
- 4-Functional polyester oligomer (molecular weight 2,500 to 3,500, Daicel UCB, EB80, etc.), Hesofunctional polyester oligomer (molecular weight 6,000 to 8,000, Daicel UCB, EB450, etc.), Hexofunctional polyester oligomer Polyester (meth) acrylates such as (molecular weight 45,000 to 55,000, Daicel UCB, EB1830, etc.) and tetrafunctional polyester oligomers (particularly Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., GX8488B, etc. with a molecular weight of 10,000) can be mentioned. ..
- Methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate especially average molecular weight 293
- methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate especially average molecular weight 468
- methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate especially average molecular weight 2148
- methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate especially average molecular weight 454
- stearyl methacrylate lauryl methacrylate , Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, glycidyl methacrylate and the like.
- vinyl-based polymerizable compound having a vinyl group examples include the following compounds.
- ⁇ -methylstyrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer function as a polymerization modifier and improve the moldability of the photochromic composition.
- allyl-based polymerizable compound having an allyl group examples include diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate, methoxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (particularly average molecular weight 550), methoxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (particularly average molecular weight 350), methoxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (particularly average molecular weight 1500), and polyethylene.
- Glycolallyl ether (especially average molecular weight 450), methoxypolyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 750), butoxypolyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 1600), methacryloyloxypolyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 1600)
- average molecular weight 560 phenoxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 600), methacryloyloxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 430), acryloyloxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (especially average molecular weight 420), vinyloxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (Especially average molecular weight 560), styloxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether (particularly average molecular weight 650), methoxypolyethylene thioglycol ally
- the allyl-based polymerizable compound can improve the photochromic property (color development concentration, fading rate) of the curable composition by acting as a chain transfer agent.
- the silsesquioxane polymerizable compound has various molecular structures such as cage-like, ladder-like, and random, and has a radically polymerizable group such as a (meth) acrylic group.
- Examples of such a silsesquioxane polymerizable compound include those represented by the following formula (18). In the formula, s is the degree of polymerization, which is an integer of 3 to 100.
- the plurality of R 12s may be the same or different from each other, and are a radically polymerizable group, an organic group containing a radically polymerizable group, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group or a phenyl group, and at least one.
- One R 12 is a radically polymerizable group or an organic group containing a radically polymerizable group.
- Organic group having (meth) acrylic group such as siloxy group; Allyl group; Organic group having allyl group such as allylpropyl group and allylpropyldimethylsiloxy group; Vinyl group; Vinyl group such as vinylpropyl group and vinyldimethylsiloxy group Examples thereof include organic groups having.
- radical-polymerizable polyfunctional monomer and radical-polymerizable monofunctional monomer when the chromene compound of the present invention is used for contact lens applications, the radical-polymerizable single amount described below Preferably combined with the body. That is, it is preferable to copolymerize another polymerizable monomer described in detail below with the chromene compound of the present invention to produce a contact lens in which the chromene compound of the present invention is dispersed.
- a contact lens having excellent photochromic properties can be produced.
- a soft contact lens containing a hydrogel or a silicone hydrogel exhibits particularly excellent photochromic properties.
- Hydrogel refers to a substance in which a polymer having a three-dimensional network structure swells with water
- silicone hydrogel refers to a substance in which a silicone component is used as a monomer constituting the hydrogel.
- the water content of the hydrogel and the silicone hydrogel is not particularly limited, but is usually 20 to 80% by mass.
- the chromene compound of the present invention is used as a monomer for contact lenses, it is preferable to prepare a photochromic curable composition in combination with a hydrophilic monomer.
- the hydrophilic monomer refers to a monomer having at least one hydroxyl group, amino group, amide group, ether group, cyclic nitrogen, and carboxyl group in the molecule.
- the hydrophilic monomer is specifically a hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, or glycerol methacrylate;
- hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, or glycerol methacrylate
- aminoalkyl (meth) acrylates such as aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, methylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, and diethylaminoethyl acrylate.
- N-vinylpyrrolidone N-vinylpiperidone, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidinone, N-vinylformamide, N- Examples thereof include N-vinyls such as 2-hydroxyethylvinylcarbamate, N-vinylpyridine and N-vinylglutalimide, N-vinylsuccinimide, and N-vinyl- ⁇ -caprolactam.
- N-vinyls such as 2-hydroxyethylvinylcarbamate, N-vinylpyridine and N-vinylglutalimide, N-vinylsuccinimide, and N-vinyl- ⁇ -caprolactam.
- Examples include amide derivatives of (meth) acrylic acid such as (meth) acrylamide.
- styrene derivatives such as aminostyrene and hydroxystyrene
- unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid and fumaric acid
- Silicone components that can be included in the silicone hydrogel formulation include, but are not limited to, silicone-containing monomers, silicone macromers, and prepolymers.
- silicone-containing monomer examples include silicone-containing alkyl (meth) acrylate, silicone-containing styrene derivative, and silicone-containing fumaric acid diester.
- silicone-containing alkyl (meth) acrylates include trimethylsiloxydimethylsilylmethyl (meth) acrylate, trimethylsiloxydimethylsilylpropyl (meth) acrylate, methylbis (trimethylsiloxy) silylpropyl (meth) acrylate, and tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl.
- examples thereof include propyl (meth) acrylate and amide derivatives thereof.
- silicone-containing styrene derivative examples include tris (trimethylsiloxy) silylstyrene, bis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilylstyrene, (trimethylsiloxy) dimethylsilylstyrene, tris (trimethylsiloxy) siloxydimethylsilylstyrene, and [bis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsiloxy.
- silicone-containing fumaric acid diester examples include bis (3- (trimethylsilyl) propyl) fumarate, bis (3- (pentamethyldisyloxanyl) propyl) fumarate, and bis (tris (trimethylsilyl) silylpropyl) fumarate. Can be mentioned.
- silicone macromer examples include monofunctional or bifunctional polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane methacrylized with a pendant hydrophilic group as described in US Pat. No. 4,259,467, WO 97/00274.
- silicone macromer examples include polydimethylsiloxane macromer having a polymerizable functional group as described in Pamphlet No., and polysiloxane macromer incorporating a hydrophilic monomer as described in Pamphlet of International Publication No. WO94 / 15980.
- a cross-linking agent can be added to adjust the cross-linking density, flexibility, and rigidity.
- the cross-linking agent include compounds having a plurality of radical polymerization groups among (meth) acrylic groups, vinyl groups and allyl groups.
- cross-linking agents examples include allyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl (meth) acrylate, 4-vinylbenzyl (meth) acrylate, 3-vinylbenzyl (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, and propylene glycol (meth).
- a reinforcing monomer can be added to adjust the hardness of the contact lens and impart desired softness.
- a reinforcing monomer as a (meth) acrylic type, Methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n- Octyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth) acrylate, n-dodecyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, t-pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, Examples thereof include linear, branched or cyclic alkyl (meth) acrylates such as heptyl (meth) acrylate, non
- alkoxy derivatives of hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-ethoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
- 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate
- 2-methoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate 2-methoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate
- 2-ethoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate 2-ethoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate
- styrene-based one examples thereof include alkyl styrene such as styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, methyl styrene, ethyl styrene, propyl styrene, butyl styrene, t-butyl styrene, isobutyl styrene and pentyl styrene.
- alkyl styrene such as styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, methyl styrene, ethyl styrene, propyl styrene, butyl styrene, t-butyl styrene, isobutyl styrene and pentyl styrene.
- methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene ethyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, propyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, butyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, t-butyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, isobutyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, pentyl- ⁇ - Examples thereof include alkyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene such as alkyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene such as methylstyrene.
- These reinforcing monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- chromene compound of the present invention when used for contact lenses, it can be used in combination with a known compounding agent in addition to the above-mentioned other polymerizable monomers.
- a thickening agent and a refreshing agent can be mentioned.
- the thickening agent can increase the compatibility between the monomers, reduce the unreacted components, and adjust the viscosity of the photochromic curable composition. Furthermore, when wearing contact lenses, it is possible to give a moist feeling to the eyes.
- the thickening agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the following.
- examples thereof include various gums such as polysaccharides such as chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, gluconic acid and salts thereof, mucopolysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides.
- Polyvinyl alcohol, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly-N-vinylpiperidone, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyacrylamide, poly (meth) acrylic acid or a salt thereof, carboxyvinyl polymer, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylamino Synthetic organic polymer compounds such as copolymers of ethyl methacrylate can be mentioned.
- Cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose can be mentioned. Starch derivatives and the like can be mentioned.
- the refreshing agent can increase the compatibility between each monomer and reduce the unreacted components, and when wearing contact lenses, it can give a refreshing feeling to the eyes and eliminate foreign body sensation and itching. it can.
- These components are 0.001 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a polymerization monomer containing the chromene compound of the present invention (total of the chromene compound of the present invention and other polymerizable monomers). It is preferable to use in the range of.
- the photochromic curable composition may contain additives such as stabilizers, if necessary, in addition to the chromene compound of the present invention, the photochromic composition, and the other polymerizable monomers. .. These additives will be described.
- the photochromic curable composition can be further enhanced in durability by blending the following additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and an antioxidant.
- ultraviolet absorber known ultraviolet absorbers such as benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, triazine compounds, and benzoate compounds can be used.
- cyanoacrylate compounds and benzophenone compounds are preferable.
- the ultraviolet stabilizer is in the range of 0.001 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer containing the chromene compound of the present invention (the total of the chromene compound of the present invention and other polymerizable monomers). It is preferable to use in. Further, a known hindered amine can be used as the light stabilizer, and a known hindered phenol can be used as the antioxidant. The light stabilizer and the antioxidant are preferably used in the range of 0.01 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerized monomer containing the chromium compound of the present invention.
- the other polymerizable monomers used in the photochromic curable composition are as illustrated above, but the blending ratio of these other polymerizable monomers should be appropriately determined according to the intended use. Just do it.
- the amount of the preferable chromene compound or photochromic composition is as described above.
- the photochromic curable composition can be prepared by mixing the chromen compound (photochromic composition) to be used, other polymerizable monomers, additives to be blended if necessary, and the like. ..
- the obtained photochromic curable composition is polymerized with heat or light by adding a polymerization catalyst, other additives, etc., if necessary, to produce an optical article in which a chromene compound is dispersed in a resin. be able to.
- the chromene compound of the present invention can be widely used as a photochromic material. It can be used as various storage materials such as materials.
- the photochromic material using the chromen compound of the present invention can also be used as a material for a photochromic lens material, an optical filter material, a display material, a photometer, a decoration and the like.
- a method for manufacturing a photochromic lens using the chromen compound of the present invention a known method can be adopted as long as a uniform dimming performance can be obtained. Specifically, a method of sandwiching a polymer film in which the chromene compound of the present invention is uniformly dispersed in a lens can be adopted. Further, there is a method in which the chromium compound of the present invention is dispersed in the other polymerizable monomer to obtain a photochromic curable composition, and the curable composition is polymerized by a predetermined method. Further, the chromen compound of the present invention is dissolved in, for example, silicone oil and impregnated on the lens surface at 150 to 200 ° C.
- the surface is further coated with a curable substance to obtain a photochromic lens.
- the method etc. can be mentioned. Further, a method of applying the polymer film to the lens surface and coating the surface with a curable substance to form a photochromic lens is also used.
- a coating agent composed of the photochromic curable composition may be applied to the surface of the lens base material to cure the coating film.
- the lens base material may be subjected to surface treatment such as surface treatment with an alkaline solution or plasma treatment in advance, and further, the base material and the coating film may be subjected to the surface treatment together with or without these surface treatments.
- Primers can also be applied to improve the adhesion of the. By doing so, it is possible to produce an optical article coated with a polymer film in which a chromene compound or a chromene composition is dispersed. Further, an optical article having the shape can be produced by arranging a lens base material in a cavity in advance, pouring the photochromic curable composition into the cavity, and curing the curable composition.
- the contact lens it is preferable to adopt the following method.
- a known contact lens manufacturing method can be adopted as long as a method capable of obtaining uniform dimming performance can be obtained.
- the photochromic curable composition is polymerized in a suitable container to obtain a contact lens material made of a rod-shaped, block-shaped, plate-shaped or other photochromic cured product.
- a method (mechanical processing method) of subjecting the obtained contact lens material to mechanical processing such as cutting and polishing to obtain a desired contact lens shape (photochromic optical article) can be mentioned.
- a molding die having a shape corresponding to a desired contact lens shape
- a photochromic curable composition is polymerized to obtain a contact lens-shaped molded product (photochromic optical article).
- a method of performing finishing processing can be adopted as needed.
- the photochromic curable composition is polymerized in a mold having a shape corresponding to at least one surface of the desired contact lens shape.
- a method that combines a mechanical processing method and a molding method for obtaining a contact lens (photochromic optical article) by mechanically processing the other surface of the obtained photochromic cured product is also possible.
- the obtained contact lens can be subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, atmospheric pressure plasma, corona discharge, etc. for the purpose of improving its surface characteristics.
- low temperature plasma treatment contact lenses having better wettability and / or stain resistance can be obtained.
- the chromene compound of the present invention has a specific ring Z group at the 13-position and the phenyl group at the 3-position has a specific radically polymerizable group, but when polymerized in combination with these hydrophilic monomers.
- the obtained photochromic cured product (optical article such as contact lens) exerts an excellent effect.
- it can be an optical article having photochromic properties at 33 to 38 ° C. and less elution of the chromene compound itself.
- Example 1 The following formula (19) 1.0 g (2.8 mmol) of the naphthol compound represented by the following formula (20) 12.0 g (3.4 mmol) of a 10 mass% methyl ethyl ketone solution of a propargyl alcohol compound having a reactive substituent (hydroxyl group) shown in (1) is dissolved in 50 mL of toluene, and 0.02 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid is further added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour under heating and reflux. After the reaction, the solvent was removed and the product was purified by chromatography on silica gel to obtain 1.4 g of a white powdery product (precursor). The yield was 72%.
- the obtained precursor was dissolved in 0.7 g (6.9 mmol) of triethylamine and 30 mL of dichloromethane, and ice-cooled. Here, 0.3 g (2.9 mmol) of acryloyl chloride was slowly added dropwise. After the reaction, the solvent was removed and the product was purified by chromatography on silica gel to obtain 1.3 g of a white powdery product (chromene compound). The yield was 86%. Elemental analysis of the product, C80.48%, H6.91%, was N1.86%, C80.51% calculated values of C 49 H 49 N ⁇ 6, H6.89 %, N1.88 Very well matched to%.
- the aromatic ring and the carbon-based peak of the acrylic group were measured near ⁇ 110 to 220 ppm
- the alkene carbon-based peak was measured around ⁇ 80 to 140 ppm
- the alkyl carbon was measured at ⁇ 20 to 75 ppm. It showed a peak based on.
- Examples 2-10 In the same manner as in Example 1, the naphthol compounds shown in Tables 1 to 3 and the propargyl alcohol compounds having a reactive substituent were used to synthesize chromene precursors and chromene compounds as shown in Tables 4 to 6. As a result of structural analysis of the obtained product using the same structural confirmation means as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the product was a compound represented by the structural formulas shown in Tables 4 to 6. Table 7 shows the elemental analysis values of these compounds, the calculated values obtained from the structural formulas of each compound, and the characteristic spectra of the 1 H-NMR spectrum.
- Examples 11-22 Evaluation of the physical properties of the manufactured photochromic contact lens (photochromic optical article)
- the photochromic curable composition 60 parts by mass / 30 parts by mass / 8 parts by mass of tris (trimethylsiloxy) silylpropyl methacrylate / dimethylacrylamide / 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as radically polymerizable monomers, respectively.
- the mixture was used in a blending ratio of / 2 parts by mass.
- the chromene compounds No. 1 obtained in Examples 1 to 10 were obtained.
- the photochromic curable composition was obtained.
- the obtained photochromic curable composition was injected into a mold composed of a glass plate and a polyethylene terephthalate (PTEF) sheet having a thickness of 0.1 mm, and cast polymerization was carried out. The polymerization was carried out using an air furnace and held at 90 ° C. for 1 hour. After the polymerization was completed, the polymer was taken out from the glass mold of the mold.
- the obtained photochromic cured product was distilled at 40 ° C. Water was impregnated with water for 3 hours or more to obtain a photochromic contact lens (photochromic optical article).
- ⁇ max The maximum absorption wavelength after color development obtained by a spectrophotometer (instantaneous multi-channel photodetector MCPD3000) manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., and the color tone at the time of color development. It was used as an index.
- Residual rate (A 50 / A 0 ⁇ 100): The obtained photochromic cured product was accelerated and deteriorated by a xenon weather meter X25 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. for 50 hours. After that, the color development density is evaluated before and after the test, the color development density before the test (A 0 ) and the color development density after the test (A 50 ) are measured, and the ratio (A 50 / A 0 ) is used as the residual rate. , Used as an index of color development durability. The higher the residual rate, the higher the durability of color development.
- the photochromic contact lens (photochromic optical article) obtained by curing the photochromic curable composition of the present invention suppresses elution of the photochromic compound and has high durability. It also had excellent photochromic properties near body temperature.
- Examples 23-24 Preparation and evaluation of photochromic laminate (photochromic cured product)
- a photochromic curable composition polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (average molecular weight 736) / polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (average molecular weight 536) / trimethylolpropantrimethacrylate / ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane / as a radically polymerizable monomer /
- a mixture of glycidyl methacrylate in a blending ratio of 45 parts by mass, 7 parts by mass, 40 parts by mass, 2 parts by mass, and 1 part by mass was used. After adding 1 part by mass of the chromene compound (Compound No. 4 or Compound No.
- Example 5 obtained in Example 4 or 5 to 100 parts by mass of the mixture of the radically polymerizable monomers and mixing them sufficiently, Phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (trade name: Irgacure819, manufactured by BASF) 0.3 parts by mass, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sevacate (Molecular weight 508) 3 parts by mass, ethylene bis (oxyethylene) bis [3- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl) propionate] (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Irganox245) 3 parts by mass, Product name manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd .; L7001 0.1 part by mass was added and mixed thoroughly to obtain a photochromic curable composition.
- Phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide trade name: Irgacure819, manufactured by BASF
- a photochromic laminate was obtained by a lamination method.
- the polymerization method is shown below.
- a thiourethane-based plastic lens having a center thickness of 2 mm and a refractive index of 1.60 was prepared as an optical base material.
- This thiourethane-based plastic lens was subjected to alkaline etching at 50 ° C. for 5 minutes using a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in advance, and then sufficiently washed with distilled water.
- a moisture-curable primer product name; TR-SC-P, manufactured by Tokuyama Co., Ltd.
- TR-SC-P moisture-curable primer
- the lens coated with the coating agent on the surface was irradiated with light for 90 seconds using a metal halide lamp having an output of 200 mW / cm 2 in a nitrogen gas atmosphere to cure the coating film. Then, it was further heated at 110 ° C. for 1 hour to prepare a photochromic laminate having a photochromic layer.
- Example 25 First step 4-chloro, 4-hydroxybenzophenone 9.8 g (42 mmol), potassium carbonate 9.9 g (71.6 mmol), 100 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide were added, and the mixture was heated at 80 ° C. A 100 mL solution of 19.6 g (50 mmol) of pentaethylene glycol monotosylate in 100 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide was slowly added dropwise thereto, and the mixture was heated at 80 ° C. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was ice-cooled, 500 mL of toluene, 500 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 500 mL of water were added, and the liquid was separated. The following formula (22) was obtained by repeating washing with water until it became near neutral, concentrating the solvent, and then purifying by silica gel column chromatography. The compound represented by (1) was obtained in a yield of 85%.
- Third step 19.8 g (35 mmol) of the compound of the formula (23), 4.3 g (49 mmol) of morpholine, 4.0 g (42 mmol) of sodium tertiary butoxide, and 200 mL of toluene are added and stirred under reduced pressure to remove dissolved oxygen. After that, 0.33 g (0.7 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2', 4', 6'-triisopropylbiphenyl and 0.16 g (0.2 mmol) of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium were added, and 80 was added. Heating was performed to ° C.
- Step 6 Using the precursor of the above formula (27), the same procedure was carried out except that methacrylic chloride was used instead of acryloyl chloride in Example 1, and the following formula (28) was performed.
- the chromene compound represented by (1) was obtained in a yield of 88%. Elemental analysis of the product, C76.00%, H7.28%, was N1.37%, C76.05% calculated values of C 66 H 75 N ⁇ 10, H7.25 %, N1.34 Very well matched to%.
- the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum was measured, the methylene proton and methyl group of the cyclohexane ring were measured around 1.0 to 3.0 ppm, the 21H peak based on the ethyl group, and the methoxy group around ⁇ 3.0 to 5.0 ppm.
- a peak of 31H based on an ethyleneoxy group and a morpholino group, and a peak of 23H based on an aromatic proton and an alkene proton were shown near ⁇ 5.6 to 9.0 ppm.
- the aromatic ring and the carbon-based peak of the carbonyl group were measured near ⁇ 110 to 220 ppm, the alkene carbon-based peak was measured around ⁇ 80 to 140 ppm, and the alkyl carbon was located at ⁇ 20 to 75 ppm. It showed a peak based on.
- Example 26 In the first step Example 25, 4-hydroxy, 4-propoxybenzophenone was used instead of 4-chloro, 4-hydroxybenzophenone, and propylene glycol monotosylate was used instead of pentaethylene glycol monotosylate. Do the same except for the following formula (29) Propargyl alcohol indicated by is synthesized.
- Example 25 instead of the naphthol compound of the formula (26), the following formula (30) In the same manner except that the compound of the formula (29) was used instead of the compound of the formula (25), the following formula (31) was used.
- the chromene compound shown by is obtained. Elemental analysis of the product, C77.41%, H7.24%, was S3.96%, C77.39% calculated values of C 52 H 54 ⁇ 6 S, H6.74%, S3. Very well matched to 97%.
- the methylene proton and methyl group of the cyclooctane ring were measured around 1.0 to 3.0 ppm, the 31H peak based on the propyl group, and the methoxy group around ⁇ 3.0 to 5.0 ppm. , A peak of 5H based on ethyleneoxy group and propoxy group, and a peak of 18H based on aromatic protons and alkene protons around ⁇ 5.6 to 9.0 ppm.
- the aromatic ring and the carbon-based peak of the carbonyl group were measured near ⁇ 110 to 220 ppm, the alkene carbon-based peak was measured around ⁇ 80 to 140 ppm, and the alkyl carbon was located at ⁇ 20 to 75 ppm. It showed a peak based on.
- Example 27 Step 1 The same procedure was carried out in Example 25 except that 4- (2-hydroxy) ethoxy-4-methylbenzophenone was used instead of the compound of the formula (22), and the following formula (32) was used.
- the compound represented by (1) was obtained in a yield of 95%.
- Example 25 the compound of the formula (32) was used instead of the compound of the formula (23), and the compound of the following formula (33) was used instead of the compound of the formula (26).
- the reaction was carried out in the same manner except that the compound represented by was used, and the following formula (34) was used.
- the chromene compound shown by is obtained. Elemental analysis of the product, C82.03%, H7.25%, an, C82.00% calculated values of C 51 H 54 ⁇ 5, matches very well with H7.29%.
- the peak of 28H based on the methylene proton and methyl group of the cyclododecane ring was measured around 1.0 to 3.0 ppm, and the methoxy group and ethyleneoxy were measured around ⁇ 3.0 to 5.0 ppm.
- a 7H peak based on the group and a 19H peak based on the aromatic proton and the alkene proton were shown near ⁇ 5.6 to 9.0 ppm.
- the aromatic ring and the carbon-based peak of the carbonyl group were measured near ⁇ 110 to 220 ppm, the alkene carbon-based peak was measured around ⁇ 80 to 140 ppm, and the alkyl carbon was located at ⁇ 20 to 75 ppm. It showed a peak based on.
- Examples 28-37 Using the naphthol compounds and propargyl alcohol compounds shown in Tables 11 to 12 in the same manner as in Example 1, chromene precursors and chromene compounds as shown in Tables 13 to 14 were synthesized. As a result of structural analysis of the obtained product using the same structural confirmation means as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the product was a compound represented by the structural formulas shown in Tables 13 to 14. In addition, Table 15 shows the elemental analysis values of these compounds, the calculated values obtained from the structural formulas of each compound, and the characteristic spectra of the 1 H-NMR spectrum.
- Examples 38-50 Photochromic contact lenses were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 11. The results are shown in Table 16. As in Table 8, in Table 16, compound No. And No. of Examples. Matches. For example, compound No. Reference numeral 25 denotes a chromane compound synthesized in Example 25.
- the chromene compound of the present invention has excellent durability and a small amount of elution.
- the precursor chromium compound refers to a compound having a hydroxyl group at the terminal before the introduction of the polymerizable group. It is a compound produced by hydrolyzing a group having a polymerizable group of a polymerizable chromene compound.
- the compounds represented by the above formula (A) and the following formula (D) were used, and the hydrolysis resistance was evaluated in the same manner. These results are summarized in Table 17.
- the chromene compound of the present invention is also excellent in hydrolysis resistance.
- the chromene compound of the present invention has excellent hydrolysis resistance when the group having a radically polymerizable group is the same group. This indicates that by forming the 13-position into a spiro ring structure, the three-dimensional crowding of the ester bond portion increases, so that hydrolysis is less likely to occur.
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Abstract
Description
(1)紫外線を照射する前の可視光領域での着色度(以下、初期着色と言う。)が小さい。
(2)紫外線を照射し始めてから発色濃度が飽和に達するまでの速度が速い(以下、発色感度が高いとも言う。)。
(3)紫外線の照射を止めてから元の状態に戻るまでの速度(以下、退色速度と言う)が速い。
(4)この可逆作用の繰り返し耐久性がよい。及び
(5)使用されるホスト材料への分散性が高くなるように、硬化後にホスト材料となるモノマー組成物に高濃度に溶解する。
(6)コンタクトレンズとした際にフォトクロミック化合物が溶出しない
という特性である。特に、コンタクトレンズを形成した際、フォトクロミック化合物の溶出に関しては、目の内部への溶出、拡散による眼への悪影響が問題になる。
(7)目の表面温度(33~38℃)付近での高い発色濃度が必要となる。
(8)トンネル内など暗所に移動した際に、退色まで数~数十秒以内の高速応答性が必要となる。
すなわち、第一の本発明は、下記式(1)で示されるクロメン化合物。
R1、およびR2は、それぞれ独立に、ラジカル重合性基を有する基、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
aは0~5の整数であり、bは0~5の整数であり、ただし、a+b=1~10となり、
R1、およびR2の少なくとも1つはラジカル重合性基を有する基であり、
前記ラジカル重合性基を有する基が、下記式(2)
R10は、炭素数が1~10の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状アルキレン基であり、
lは0~50の整数であり、lが2以上の場合、lで括られた単位の基は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよく、
PGは、ラジカル重合性基である。)で示される基であり、
前記式(1)の13位の炭素原子とスピロ結合する下記式(Z)
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する炭素数が3~20である、置換基を有してもよい脂肪族環基、
該脂肪族環に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基、
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する原子数が3~20である、置換基を有してよい複素環基、又は
該複素環基に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基であり、
R3は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基であり、
R4は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基であり、
また、R3、およびR4は、一緒になって、下記式(3)
*は6位又は7位の炭素原子を指し、
X、およびYは、一方または両方が硫黄原子、メチレン基、酸素原子、または下記式
R9は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6アルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基である。)で示される基であり、
R7およびR8は、それぞれ独立に、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
また、R7およびR8は、それらが結合する炭素原子と共に、脂肪族環を形成してもよく、
eは、1~3の整数である]で示されるような環を形成してもよく、
R5は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
cは0~2の整数であり、cが2である場合には、R5は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよく、
R6は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
dは0~4の整数であり、dが2以上である場合には、R6は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよい。
第二の本発明は、第一の本発明であるクロメン化合物と、それ以外の重合性単量体とを含有するフォトクロミック硬化性組成物である。
第三の本発明は、第一の本発明のクロメン化合物が重合してなるフォトクロミック光学物品である。
第四の本発明は、第二の本発明のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなるフォトクロミック光学物品である。
第四の本発明おいては、該フォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなる高分子成型体を、少なくとも一部の構成部材として有するフォトクロミック光学物品であることが好ましい。また、該フォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなる高分子膜を、光学基材の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆層として有するフォトクロミック光学物品であることが好ましい。
本発明のクロメン化合物は、特定の環Z、および特定の位置にラジカル重合性基を有するものであり、一方の基が本発明の要件を満足しない場合には、優れた特性を発揮できない。従来の化合物においては、これら2つの置換基を同時に満足する化合物は存在していない。
したがって、例えば、本発明のクロメン化合物をフォトクロミックコンタクトレンズに用いた場合には、フォトクロミック化合物(クロメン化合物)の溶出を抑えられ、また目の表面温度付近の温度でも、高い発色濃度、早い退色速度を有するフォトクロミックコンタクトレンズを製造することができる。
また、フォトクロミックメガネレンズとした場合には、高温地域での使用が可能となり、かつ高速応答にも対応できるため、付加価値の高いものとなる。
R1、およびR2は、共に該インデノナフトピラン骨格の3位の炭素原子に結合するフェニル基に置換した置換基である。
前記式(1)において、aはR1の数(置換数)を指し、bはR2の数(置換数)を指す。そして、aは0~5の整数であり、bは0~5の整数であり、ただし、a+b=1~10となり、R1、およびR2の少なくとも1つは前記ラジカル重合性基を有する基である。つまりR1、およびR2の少なくとも1つは前記ラジカル重合性基を有する基であれば、その他は、前記<R1、及びR2>で説明したラジカル重合性基を有する基以外の基であっても、水素原子であってもよい。
該インデノナフトピラン骨格の13位の炭素原子とスピロ結合する下記式(Z)
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する炭素数が3~20である、置換基を有してもよい脂肪族環基、
該脂肪族環に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基、
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する原子数が3~20である、置換基を有してよい複素環基、又は
該複素環基に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基である。なお、当然のことであるが、前記環基において示した炭素数、又は原子数は、環を構成する炭素、又は原子の数を示すものであり、置換基の炭素数、又は原子数を含むものではない。
なお、前記式中、点線の結合手を有する炭素原子が13位の炭素原子である。
R3は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基である。
以上のような基の中でも、得られたフォトクロミック化合物の発色色調、発色濃度等を考慮すると、R3は、水素原子、前記アルキル基、前記アルコキシ基、前記アリール基、前記アリールチオ基が好ましい。
R4は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基である。
以上のような基の中でも、得られたフォトクロミック化合物の発色色調、発色濃度等を考慮するとR4は、水素原子、前記アルキル基、前記アルコキシ基、前記複素環基、前記アリール基、前記アリールチオ基が好ましい。
R5は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基である。
cは0~2の整数であり、cが2であるの場合には、R5は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよい。
以上のような基の中でも、得られたフォトクロミック化合物の発色色調、発色濃度等を考慮すると、R5は、水素原子となるか、前記アルコキシ基である。
R6は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基である。
dは0~4の整数であり、dが2以上である場合には、R6は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよい。
以上のような基の中でも、得られたフォトクロミック化合物の発色色調、発色濃度等を考慮すると、R6は、水素原子となるか、前記アルコキシ基である。
本発明において、特に好適なクロメン化合物を具体的に例示すれば、下記式で示されるクロメン化合物が挙げられる。
本発明のクロメン化合物は、一般に常温常圧で無色、あるいは淡黄色、淡緑色の固体又は粘稠な液体として存在し、次の(イ)~(ハ)のような手段で確認できる。
本発明のクロメン化合物は、如何なる合成法によって製造してもよい。好適なクロメン化合物の製造方法の1例について説明する。尚、以下の説明において、各式中の符号は、特記しないかぎり、前述した式について説明したとおりの意味を示す。
下記式(11)
本発明のクロメン化合物は、トルエン、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン等の一般の有機溶媒によく溶ける。このような溶媒に前記式(1)で示されるクロメン化合物を溶かしたとき、一般に溶液はほぼ無色透明であり、太陽光あるいは紫外線を照射すると速やかに発色し、光を遮断すると可逆的に速やかに元の無色にもどる良好なフォトクロミック作用を呈する。そして、本発明のクロメン化合物は、目的とする用途に応じて、その他のフォトクロミック化合物と組み合わせて使用することができる。例えば、フォトクロミックレンズとして要求される様々な色調を得るために他のフォトクロミック化合物と組み合わせて用いることもできる。組み合わせるフォトクロミック化合物は、公知の化合物を何ら制限なく用いることができる。例えば、フルギド、フルギミド、スピロオキサジン、クロメン等が挙げられる。中でも、発退色時の色調を均一に保つことができ、フォトクロミック性の劣化に伴う発色時の色ずれを抑制でき、さらに、初期着色を小さくできるという点からクロメン化合物が特に好ましい。ただし、コンタクトレンズ用に使用する場合には、他のフォトクロミック化合物も、ラジカル重合性基を有することが好ましい。または、本発明のクロメン化合物を複数種使用し、色調を調整することが好ましい。
本発明のクロメン化合物、および前記フォトクロミック組成物は、該クロメン化合物以外の重合性単量体(以下、単に「他の重合性単量体」とする場合もある。)と組み合わせて、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物として使用することが好ましい。
本発明において使用する他の重合性単量体は、ラジカル重合によって本発明のクロメン化合物と共重合できるものであれば、特に制限されるものではない。ラジカル重合性化合物は、大きく分けて、(メタ)アクリル基を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合性化合物、ビニル基を有するビニル系重合性化合物、アリル基を有するアリル系重合性化合物、シルセスキオキサン系重合性化合物に分類される。
以下に、その具体例を示す。
(メタ)アクリル基を有する多官能(メタ)アクリル系重合性化合物としては、以下の重合性化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、
ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ペンタエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ペンタプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート、ペンタエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、テトラプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ペンタプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールとポリエチレングリコールの混合物よりなるジメタアクリレート(ポリエチレンが2個、ポリプロピレンが2個の繰り返し単位を有する)、ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(特に平均分子量330)、ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(特に平均分子量536)、ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(特に平均分子量736)、トリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート(特に平均分子量536)、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(特に平均分子量258)、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(特に平均分子量308)、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(特に平均分子量508)、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、(特に平均分子量708)、ポリエチレングリコールメタクリレートアクリレート(特に平均分子量536)から選ばれる、グリコール系2官能(メタ)アクリル系重合性化合物が挙げられる。
2種以上のポリアルキレングリコールの混合物、例えば、トリメチレングリコールとテトラメチレングリコールの混合物、テトラメチレングリコールとヘキサメチレンジグリコールの混合物、ペンタメチレングリコールとヘキサメチレングリコールの混合物、テトラメチレングリコールとオクタメチレングリコールの混合物、ヘキサメチレングリコールとオクタメチレングリコールの混合物等)のホスゲン化で得られるポリカーボネートジオール(数平均分子量500~2,000)と(メタ)アクリル酸との反応生成物、
1-メチルトリメチレングリコールのホスゲン化で得られるポリカーボネートジオール(数平均分子量500~2,000)と(メタ)アクリル酸との反応生成物、
の如きポリカーボネートジオールの(メタ)アクリレートが挙げられる。
メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(特に平均分子量293)、メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(特に平均分子量468)、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアクリレート(特に平均分子量218)、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアクリレート、(特に平均分子量454)、ステアリルメタクリレート、ラウリルメタクリレート、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、ブチルアクリレート、オクチルアクリレート、ラウリルアクリレート、γ-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、グリシジルメタクリレート等が挙げられる。
ビニル系重合性化合物としては、以下の化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、
メチルビニルケトン、エチルビニルケトン、エチルビニルエーテル、スチレン、ビニルシクロヘキサン、ブタジエン、1,4-ペンタジエン、ジビニルスルフィド、ジビニルスルホン、1,2-ジビニルベンゼン、1,3-ジビニル-1,1,3,3-テトラメチルプロパンジシロキサン、ジエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、アジピン酸ジビニル、セバシン酸ジビニル、エチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、ジビニルスルホキシド、ジビニルペルスルフィド、ジメチルジビニルシラン、1,2,4-トリビニルシクロヘキサン、メチルトリビニルシラン、α-メチルスチレン及びα-メチルスチレンダイマー等が挙げられる。
アリル系重合性化合物としては、ジエチレングリコールビスアリルカーボネート、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量550)、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量350)、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量1500)、ポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量450)、メトキシポリエチレングリコール-ポリプロピレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量750)、ブトキシポリエチレングリコール-ポリプロピレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量1600)、メタクリロイルオキシポリエチレングリコール-ポリプロピレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量560)、フェノキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量600)、メタクリロイルオキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量430)、アクリロイルオキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量420)、ビニロキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量560)、スチリロキシポリエチレングリコールアリルエーテル(特に平均分子量650)、メトキシポリエチレンチオグリコールアリルチオエーテル(特に平均分子量730)等が挙げられる。
シルセスキオキサン重合性化合物としては、ケージ状、ハシゴ状、ランダムといった種々の分子構造を取るものであり、(メタ)アクリル基等のラジカル重合性基を有している。このようなシルセスキオキサン重合性化合物の例としては、下記式(18)で示されるものが挙げられる。
複数個あるR12は、互いに同一若しくは異なっていてもよく、ラジカル重合性基、ラジカル重合性基を含む有機基、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルコキシ基又はフェニル基であり、少なくとも1つのR12は、ラジカル重合性基、又はラジカル重合性基を含む有機基である。
本発明のクロメン化合物を使用して、ハードコンタクトレンズ、ソフトコンタクトレンズ、シリコーンハイドロゲルソフトコンタクトレンズを製造すると、優れたフォトクロミック特性を有するコンタクトレンズを製造できる。中でも、ハイドロゲル、またはシリコーンハイドロゲルを含むソフトコンタクトレンズにおいて、特に優れたフォトクロミック特性を示す。ハイドロゲルは、3次元状の網目構造を持つ高分子が水を含んで膨潤した物質を指し、シリコーンハイドロゲルはハイドロゲルを構成する単量体にシリコーン成分を用いたもの指す。ハイドロゲル、およびシリコーンハイドロゲルが含む水分は、特に制限されるものではないが、通常、20~80質量%である。
2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロールメタクリレートの如きヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;
アミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、メチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチルアクリレートの如きアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートが挙げられる。
メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、n-オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-デシル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘプチル(メタ)アクリレート、ノニル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートの如し直鎖状、分岐鎖状または環状のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートが挙げられる。
スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、メチルスチレン、エチルスチレン、プロピルスチレン、ブチルスチレン、t-ブチルスチレン、イソブチルスチレン、ペンチルスチレンの如しアルキルスチレンが挙げられる。
2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N-ビニルピロリドン、N-ビニルピロリジノン、N-ビニルグルタルイミド、N-ビニル-N-メチルアセトアミド、N-ビニルピリジン、メタクリル酸、グリセロールメタクリレート、N,N-ジエチルアクリルアミド、アクリロイルモルホリン、N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)(メタ)アクリルアミド、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルスチレン、トリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート及びそのアミド誘導体、(3-メタクリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルオキシ)プロピルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)メチルシラン、メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートなどを配合したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物とすることが好ましい。
コンドロイチン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、グルコン酸及びそれらの塩等の多糖類、ムコ多糖類、ヘテロ多糖類の如し種々のガム類が挙げられる。
ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ-N-ビニルピロリドン、ポリ-N-ビニルピぺリドン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸又はその塩、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ポリ-N-ビニルピロリドンとジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートの共重合体の如し合成有機高分子化合物が挙げられる。
ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロースの如しセルロース誘導体が挙げられる。
スターチ誘導体等を、挙げることができる。
本発明において、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物は、下記に示す紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、酸化防止剤などの添加剤を配合することにより、耐久性をより一層高くすることができる。
本発明において、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物に使用する他の重合性単量体は、前記の例示の通りであるが、それら他の重合性単量体の配合割合は、用途に応じて適宜決定すればよい。ただし、好ましいクロメン化合物、又はフォトクロミック組成物の配合量は前記の通りである。
下記式(19)
実施例1と同様にして表1~3に示したナフトール化合物と反応性置換基を有するプロパルギルアルコール化合物を用いて、表4~6に示すようなクロメン前駆体、及びクロメン化合物を合成した。得られた生成物について、実施例1と同様な構造確認の手段を用いて構造解析した結果、表4~6に示す構造式で示される化合物であることを確認した。また、表7にこれらの化合物の元素分析値、各化合物の構造式から求めた計算値及び1H-NMRスペクトルの特徴的なスペクトルを示した。
(作製したフォトクロミックコンタクトレンズ(フォトクロミック光学物品)の物性評価)
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物としては、ラジカル重合性単量体としてトリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピルメタクリレート/ジメチルアクリルアミド/2-ヒドロキシルエチルメタクリレート/エチレングリコールジメタクリレートをそれぞれ60質量部/30質量部/8質量部/2質量部の配合割合で配合したものを使用した。このラジカル重合性単量体の混合物100質量部に対して、実施例1~10で得られたクロメン化合物No.1~10を1質量部添加し十分に混合した後に、熱重合開始剤であるV65(2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)を0.3質量部添加して十分に混合し、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物とした。得られたフォトクロミック硬化性組成物をガラス板と膜厚が0.1mmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PTEF)シートで構成された鋳型の中に注入し、注型重合を行った。重合は空気炉を用い、90℃で1時間保持した。重合終了後、重合体を鋳型のガラス型から取り出した。得られたフォトクロミック硬化体(厚み0.1mm)を40℃の蒸留水に3時間以上含水し、フォトクロミックコンタクトレンズ(フォトクロミック光学物品)を得た。
[1] 極大吸収波長(λmax): 大塚電子工業(株)製の分光光度計(瞬間マルチチャンネルフォトディテクターMCPD3000)により求めた発色後の極大吸収波長であり、発色時の色調の指標とした。
得られたフォトクロミック硬化体(光学物品)5.0gをメタノールでソックスレー抽出を48時間行い、残留成分を抽出した。この抽出液を高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)にて、分析し、溶出したクロメン化合物の溶出率を算出した。溶出物の定量には、フェナントレンを標準試料とした内部標準法により求めた。
溶出率:(溶出物の定量値)/(フォトクロミック硬化体重量×0.01)×100
なお、フォトクロミック硬化体重量×0.01は、該硬化体を製造する際に使用したクロメン化合物の量を指す。
比較のために、下記式(A)~(C)で示される化合物を用い、実施例11と同様にしてフォトクロミックコンタクトレンズ(フォトクロミック光学物品)を得、その特性を評価した。その結果を表9に示す。
(フォトクロミック積層体(フォトクロミック硬化体)の作製と評価)
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物としては、ラジカル重合性単量体としてポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(平均分子量736)/ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(平均分子量536)/トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート/γ-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン/グリシジルメタクリレートをそれぞれ45質量部/7質量部/40質量部/2質量部/1質量部の配合割合で配合したものを使用した。このラジカル重合性単量体の混合物100質量部に対して、実施例4または5で得られたクロメン化合物(化合物No.4または化合物No.5)を1質量部添加し十分に混合した後に、フェニルビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)フォスフィンオキシド(商品名:Irgacure819、BASF社製)0.3質量部、ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケート(分子量508)3質量部、エチレンビス(オキシエチレン)ビス[3-(5-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-m-トリル)プロピオネート](チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、Irganox245)3質量部、東レ・ダウコーニング株式会社製 商品名;L7001 0.1質量部添加して十分に混合し、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物とした。
このようにコーティング剤が表面に塗布されているレンズを、窒素ガス雰囲気中で出力200mW/cm2のメタルハライドランプを用いて、90秒間光を照射し、塗膜を硬化させた。その後さらに110℃で1時間加熱して、フォトクロミック層を有するフォトクロミック積層体を作製した。
第1工程
4-クロロ,4-ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン9.8g(42mmol)、炭酸カリウム9.9g(71.6mmol)、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド100mLを加え、80℃で加熱した。そこに、ペンタエチレングリコールモノトシレート19.6g(50mmol)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド100mL溶液をゆっくり滴下し、80℃で加熱した。反応終了後、氷冷し、トルエン500mL、テトラヒドロフラン500mL、水500mLを加え、分液を行った。中性付近になるまで、水洗浄を繰り返し、溶媒濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行うことにより、下記式(22)
前記式(22)で示される化合物を16.2g(36mmol)、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド100mL、イミダゾール5.4g(79mmol)を加え、攪拌した後、氷水で冷却した。そこに、ターシャリーブチルジメチルクロロシラン5.9g(39mmol)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド60mL溶液をゆっくり滴下した。
反応終了後、トルエン500mL,水160mLで分液を行い、溶媒を濃縮した。溶媒濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行うことにより、下記式(23)
前記式(23)の化合物19.8g(35mmol)、モルホリン4.3g(49mmol)、ナトリウムターシャリーブトキシド4.0g(42mmol)、トルエン200mLを加え、減圧下攪拌し、溶存酸素を除去した後、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’,4’,6’-トリイソプロピルビフェニル0.33g(0.7mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム0.16g(0.2mmol)を加え、80℃まで加熱を行った。反応終了後、室温まで冷却し、不溶物をろ過した。トルエン100mLでよく洗浄した後、ろ液に水300mLを加え、分液を行った。pHが7-8になるまで繰り返し、溶媒を留去した。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行うことにより、下記式(24)
前記式(24)の化合物19.2g(31mmol)、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド400mLを加え、攪拌した後、5-10℃まで冷却した。そこにリチウムアセチリドのエチレンジアミン錯体を4.3g(47mmol)をゆっくり加えた。
5-10℃で7時間反応させた後、トルエン600mL、水400mLを加え、分液を行った。pHが7-8になるまで繰り返し、溶媒濃縮を行った。下記式(25)
下記式(26)
前記式(27)の前駆体を用い、実施例1において、塩化アクリロイルの代わりに、塩化メタクリロイルを用いたこと以外は同様に行い、下記式(28)
また、プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、1.0~3.0ppm付近にシクロヘキサン環のメチレンプロトンおよびメチル基、エチル基に基づく21Hのピーク、δ3.0~5.0ppm付近にメトキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、モルホリノ基に基づく31Hのピーク、δ5.6~9.0ppm付近にアロマティックなプロトン及びアルケンのプロトンに基づく23Hのピークを示した。
さらに13C-核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、δ110~220ppm付近に芳香環及び、カルボニル基の炭素に基づくピーク、δ80~140ppm付近にアルケンの炭素に基づくピーク、δ20~75ppmにアルキルの炭素に基づくピークを示した。
第1工程
実施例25において、4-クロロ,4-ヒドロキシベンゾフェノンの代わりに、4-ヒドロキシ,4-プロポキシベンゾフェノンを用い、ペンタエチレングリコールモノトシレートの代わりに、プロピレングリコールモノトシレートを用いたこと以外は同様に行い、下記式(29)
実施例25において、前記式(26)のナフトール化合物の代わりに、下記式(30)
また、プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、1.0~3.0ppm付近にシクロオクタン環のメチレンプロトンおよびメチル基、プロピル基に基づく31Hのピーク、δ3.0~5.0ppm付近にメトキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、プロポキシ基に基づく5Hのピーク、δ5.6~9.0ppm付近にアロマティックなプロトン及びアルケンのプロトンに基づく18Hのピークを示した。
さらに13C-核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、δ110~220ppm付近に芳香環及び、カルボニル基の炭素に基づくピーク、δ80~140ppm付近にアルケンの炭素に基づくピーク、δ20~75ppmにアルキルの炭素に基づくピークを示した。
第1工程
実施例25において、前記式(22)の化合物の代わりに、4-(2-ヒドロキシ)エトキシ-4-メチルベンゾフェノンを用いたこと以外は、同様に行い、下記式(32)
実施例25において、前記式(23)の化合物の代わりに、前記式(32)の化合物を用い、前記式(26)の化合物の代わりに下記式(33)
また、プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、1.0~3.0ppm付近にシクロドデカン環のメチレンプロトンおよびメチル基に基づく28Hのピーク、δ3.0~5.0ppm付近にメトキシ基、エチレンオキシ基に基づく7Hのピーク、δ5.6~9.0ppm付近にアロマティックなプロトン及びアルケンのプロトンに基づく19Hのピークを示した。
さらに13C-核磁気共鳴スペクトルを測定したところ、δ110~220ppm付近に芳香環及び、カルボニル基の炭素に基づくピーク、δ80~140ppm付近にアルケンの炭素に基づくピーク、δ20~75ppmにアルキルの炭素に基づくピークを示した。
実施例1と同様にして表11~12に示したナフトール化合物とプロパルギルアルコール化合物を用いて、表13~14に示すようなクロメン前駆体、及びクロメン化合物を合成した。得られた生成物について、実施例1と同様な構造確認の手段を用いて構造解析した結果、表13~14に示す構造式で示される化合物であることを確認した。また、表15にこれらの化合物の元素分析値、各化合物の構造式から求めた計算値及び1H-NMRスペクトルの特徴的なスペクトルを示した。
実施例11と同様にして、フォトクロミックコンタクトレンズを作成し、評価した。
結果を表16に記載した。なお、表8と同じく、表16においては、化合物No.と実施例のNo.とが一致する。例えば、化合物No.25は、実施例25で合成したクロメン化合物である。
(耐加水分解性の評価)
ラジカル重合性クロメン化合物(実施例27(化合物No.27)、実施例34(化合物No.34))10mgに2-プロパノール4mLを加え、攪拌した後、10質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を0.5mL加え、室温で1.5時間攪拌した。
室温攪拌後、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を用いて、分析し、クロメン化合物の加水分解転化率を算出した。
加水分解転化率:(前駆体クロメン化合物)/(前駆体クロメン化合物+ラジカル重合性クロメン化合物)×100
加水分解転化率の値が低いほど、耐加水分解性に優れていることを示す。
前駆体クロメン化合物とは、重合性基を導入する前の末端が水酸基となっている化合物を指す。重合性クロメン化合物の重合性基を有する基が加水分解されて生じる化合物である。
比較のために、前記式(A)及び下記式(D)で示される化合物を用い、同様にして耐加水分解性を評価した。
これら結果を表17にまとめた。
Claims (9)
- 下記式(1)で示されるクロメン化合物。
R1、およびR2は、それぞれ独立に、ラジカル重合性基を有する基、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
aは0~5の整数であり、bは0~5の整数であり、ただし、a+b=1~10となり、
R1、およびR2の少なくとも1つはラジカル重合性基を有する基であり、
前記ラジカル重合性基を有する基が、下記式(2)
R10は、炭素数が1~10の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状アルキレン基であり、
lは0~50の整数であり、lが2以上の場合、lで括られた単位の基は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよく、
PGは、ラジカル重合性基である。)で示される基であり、
前記式(1)の13位の炭素原子とスピロ結合する下記式(Z)
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する炭素数が3~20である、置換基を有してもよい脂肪族環基、
該脂肪族環に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基、
該13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する原子数が3~20である、置換基を有してよい複素環基、又は
該複素環基に置換基を有してもよい芳香族環若しくは芳香族複素環が縮環した縮合多環基であり、
R3は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基であり、
R4は、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基、チオール基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、又は炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基であり、
また、R3、およびR4は、一緒になって、下記式(3)
*は6位又は7位の炭素原子を指し、
X、およびYは、一方または両方が硫黄原子、メチレン基、酸素原子、または下記式
R9は水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6アルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数3~12のヘテロアリール基である。)で示される基であり、
R7およびR8は、それぞれ独立に、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
また、R7およびR8は、それらが結合する炭素原子と共に、脂肪族環を形成してもよく、
eは、1~3の整数である]で示されるような環を形成してもよく、
R5は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ホルミル基、ヒドロキシカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数2~7のアルコキシカルボニル基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
cは0~2の整数であり、cが2である場合には、R5は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよく、
R6は、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、置換アミノ基、複素環基、ハロゲン原子、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~11のアラルコキシ基、チオール基、炭素数1~6のアルキルチオ基、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキルチオ基、炭素数1~6のハロアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキルチオ基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリールチオ基であり、
dは0~4の整数であり、dが2以上である場合には、R6は、互いに同一でも異なる基であってもよい。 - 前記式(Z)で示される環Zが、前記13位の炭素原子と共に該環を構成する炭素数が6~12である請求項1に記載のクロメン化合物。
- 前記ラジカル重合性基が1つである請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のクロメン化合物。
- 請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のクロメン化合物と、それ以外の重合性単量体とを含有するフォトクロミック硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のクロメン化合物が重合してなるフォトクロミック光学物品。
- 請求項5に記載のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなるフォトクロミック光学物品。
- 請求項5に記載のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなる高分子成型体を、少なくとも一部の構成部材として有するフォトクロミック光学物品。
- 請求項5に記載のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物が重合してなる高分子膜を、光学基材の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆層として有するフォトクロミック光学物品。
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