WO2020244665A1 - Rotary steering well-drilling tool based on bit pressure steering transmission structure - Google Patents

Rotary steering well-drilling tool based on bit pressure steering transmission structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020244665A1
WO2020244665A1 PCT/CN2020/094952 CN2020094952W WO2020244665A1 WO 2020244665 A1 WO2020244665 A1 WO 2020244665A1 CN 2020094952 W CN2020094952 W CN 2020094952W WO 2020244665 A1 WO2020244665 A1 WO 2020244665A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bit
weight
steering
transmission structure
drilling tool
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PCT/CN2020/094952
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐梓辰
万晓跃
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万晓跃
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Application filed by 万晓跃 filed Critical 万晓跃
Publication of WO2020244665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020244665A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drilling devices, in particular to a rotary steering drilling tool based on a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure.
  • the current push-type rotary steering drilling tools generally rely on the first centralizer to achieve centering close to the drill bit, and a flexible section is arranged behind the first centralizer to make the drilling tool flexible.
  • the flexible section can improve the manufacture of the rotary steering drilling tool Slope, but because it occupies a lot of length space, and will become a stuck factor when encountering downhole complexity, which causes the rotary steering drilling tool to not be well integrated with the downhole motor or causes the distance of other logging tools The drill bit is too far.
  • the existing method is to shorten the flexible joint and install the downhole motor behind the flexible joint to realize the joint operation with the rotary steering drilling tool and the downhole motor.
  • the shortening of the flexible joint will cause the tool build rate to decrease.
  • the centralizer of the rotary steering drilling tool needs to be arranged between the rotary steering biasing mechanism and the flexible joint.
  • the downhole motor drilling tool or other downhole power tools are installed behind the flexible section, which causes the torsion of the downhole power tool to drive the flexible section, centralizer and the rotating steering sub-section below.
  • a large amount of downhole motor torque loss will be caused.
  • the downhole is complicated, it may cause insufficient output torque or jam of the downhole motor.
  • any optimization based on the existing technology is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem.
  • Changing the order of the flexible section and the centralizer mechanically, and placing the centralizer on the downhole motor housing can only solve the safety problem to a certain extent, but the dynamic stability of the rotary steering is lost, and there is no near-bit fulcrum. , The build rate has dropped sharply and safety is reduced.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and realize the separate transmission of weight-on-bit and torque through a torque transmission shaft.
  • the weight-on-bit transmission and torque transmission are separated without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering, which facilitates the combination of downhole motors to realize rotary steering compound drilling and increases safety.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure itself does not require a large bending moment or even a bending moment during steering. Therefore, the thrust required by the pushing arm can be reduced during the rotary steering drilling process.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • the invention provides a rotary steering drilling tool based on a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, which includes a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, a torque transmission shaft, and a rotary steering mechanism;
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a camber contact structure or a spherical hinge structure.
  • the torque transmission shaft includes a cardan shaft or a flexible shaft; in the rotary steerable drilling process, the upper drilling tool transmits the weight-on-bit through the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure to the rotary steering mechanism and further to the drill bit;
  • the tool transmits the torque to the rotary guide mechanism and further to the drill bit through the torque transmission shaft.
  • the upper drilling tool is a downhole motor
  • the downhole motor stator housing is arranged outside the downhole motor rotor
  • the lower end of the downhole motor stator housing is connected with a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure
  • the lower end of the downhole motor rotor is connected
  • a torque transmission shaft the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged on the outside of the torque transmission shaft;
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure and the lower end of the torque transmission shaft are respectively connected to the rotation guide mechanism, and are respectively transmitted by the rotation guide mechanism Weight-on-bit and torque, or, when the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge structure, the upper part of the spherical joint ball head is connected to the downhole motor rotor through the torque transmission shaft, so that the motor rotor transmits the torque to the ball through the torque transmission shaft
  • the motor stator shell transfers the weight on bit to the ball joint ball head through the ball hinge shell
  • the drive shaft includes a lower drive shaft, a middle drive shaft, and an upper drive shaft.
  • the lower drive shaft and the middle drive shaft are threadedly connected, and the middle drive shaft and the upper drive shaft are manufactured in one piece.
  • the rotation guide biasing mechanism includes a non-rotating biasing unit, the non-rotating biasing unit includes 3 sets of hydraulically driven pushing systems, and the non-rotating biasing unit is also provided with a control circuit And rectifier circuit.
  • a non-contact energy transmission device is provided between the middle drive shaft and the non-rotating bias unit, and the non-contact energy transmission device includes an energy transmission mechanism and an energy receiving mechanism, and the energy transmission mechanism is connected to the middle drive shaft.
  • the energy receiving mechanism is fixedly connected with the non-rotating bias unit.
  • an energy supply module is provided in the upper drive shaft, and the energy supply module can provide an alternating current for the energy transmitting mechanism.
  • the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump connected with an electric motor, a hydraulic power accommodating cavity and a liquid return storage cavity, the electric motor and the hydraulic pump are arranged in the hydraulic power accommodating cavity, and the piston cylinder In communication with the outlet of the hydraulic pump, the piston can move toward or away from the axis of the drive shaft under the action of the hydraulic pump to push the rib against the well wall.
  • a posture measurement module is provided on the rotary steering mechanism, which is used to measure the gravity tool face angle and the near-bit well inclination angle of the non-rotating bias unit. Further, the attitude measurement module is arranged in the side wall of the non-rotating bias unit.
  • the WOB steering transmission structure is a curved surface contact structure or a spherical hinge structure.
  • the WOB steering transmission mechanism is not directly connected to the downhole motor.
  • the lower end of the torque transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the drill tool at the lower end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure
  • the upper end of the torque transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the upper end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure for transmitting bending moment.
  • the WOB steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge.
  • the centralizer is arranged at the lower end of the stator housing assembly of the downhole motor, which greatly reduces the output torque of the downhole motor drilling tool when the downhole is complex, and cancels the flexible joint under the downhole motor, and replaces it with a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, which is blocking Therefore, the bending moment of the rear drilling tool is transmitted forward without affecting the deflection of the rotary guide.
  • the invention achieves the purpose of improving the safety of compound drilling without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering.
  • window sidetracking operations are required. In response to this situation, the rigidity of the traditional flexible section itself will become an obstacle to the rotary steering sidetracking. Therefore, the present invention cleverly uses the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure to make the rotary steering
  • the bias mechanism can easily generate a corner.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure (universal joint torque transmission shaft) of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure (flexible joint torque transmission shaft) of the present invention.
  • 1 is the non-rotating offset unit
  • 101 is the WOB steering transmission structure
  • 102 is the torque transmission shaft
  • 111 is the centralizer
  • 21 is the upper drive shaft
  • 22 is the middle drive shaft
  • 23 is the lower drive shaft
  • 25 is the primary side Drill collar short section
  • 10 is a wing rib
  • 11 is a liquid return storage cavity
  • 12 is a piston cylinder
  • 13 is a rib cover
  • 14 is a piston
  • 15 is an electrical connector
  • 4 is a hydraulic power module
  • 41 is a hydraulic pump
  • 42 Is the motor
  • 51 is the energy transmitting mechanism
  • 52 is the energy receiving mechanism
  • 54 is the control circuit
  • 55 is the attitude measurement module
  • 81 is the second thrust bearing
  • 82 is the second centralizing bearing
  • 83 is the first centralizing bearing
  • 84 is
  • 118 is the energy supply module
  • 119 is the drive shaft circuit frame
  • 176 is the runner converter
  • 132 is the down
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and realize the separate transmission of weight-on-bit and torque through a torque transmission shaft.
  • the weight on bit and other axial force transmission and torque transmission are separated without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering, which facilitates the combination of downhole motors to realize rotary steering compound drilling and increases safety .
  • the present invention provides a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, including a rotary steering mechanism, a non-rotating bias unit 1, and weight-on-bit steering Transmission structure 101, torque transmission shaft 102, centralizer 111, upper drive shaft 21, middle drive shaft 22, lower drive shaft 23, primary side drill collar sub 25, liquid return storage cavity 11, wing rib 10, piston cylinder 12, Piston 14, rib cover 13, electrical connector 15, hydraulic power module 4, electric motor 42, hydraulic pump 41, energy transmitting mechanism 51, energy receiving mechanism 52, attitude measurement module 55, control circuit 54, second thrust bearing 81 , The second centralizing bearing 82, the first centralizing bearing 83, the first thrust bearing 84, the energy supply module 118, the drive shaft circuit frame 119, the runner converter 176, the downhole motor rotor 132, the downhole motor stator housing 133, the flexible section 134 and drill 140.
  • the rotation guide mechanism includes a non-rotating bias unit 1 and a drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft includes a lower drive shaft 23, a middle drive shaft 22, and an upper drive shaft 21.
  • the lower drive shaft 23 and the middle drive shaft 22 are threaded to transmit torque and Part of the WOB, the middle drive shaft 22 and the upper drive shaft 21 are manufactured in an integrated manner.
  • the non-rotating bias unit 1 contains 3 sets of hydraulically driven push and lean systems (3-4 sets are acceptable).
  • the non-rotating bias unit 1 is also provided with an attitude measurement module 55, a control circuit 54, and a rectifier circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit is 3 sets of hydraulic systems and other circuits arranged on the non-rotating bias unit 1 provide power.
  • a non-contact energy transmission device (slip ring can also be used here) is provided between the middle drive shaft 22 and the non-rotating bias unit 1.
  • the non-contact energy transmission device is divided into an energy transmitting mechanism 51 and an energy receiving mechanism 52.
  • the transmitting mechanism 51 is fixedly connected to the middle drive shaft 22, the energy receiving mechanism 52 is fixedly connected to the non-rotating bias unit 1, and an energy supply module 118 is also provided in the upper drive shaft 21.
  • the energy supply module 118 is responsible for the energy transmitting mechanism 51
  • An alternating current is provided to transfer energy between the energy transmitting mechanism 51 and the energy receiving mechanism 52 through electromagnetic induction.
  • the rotary steering system contains a battery or a downhole turbine generator.
  • the downhole turbine generator is used as a downhole power supply to supply power to the energy supply module 118.
  • the energy transferred by the non-contact energy transfer device is used to drive the hydraulic system. Further details belong to the prior art. I won't repeat them here.
  • the weight and torque required for the drill bit to break the rock are transmitted from the upper drilling tool through the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 and the torque transmission shaft 102 to the drill bit 140 from top to bottom, that is, from the top as shown in Figure 2 B
  • the drilling tool is transferred to the lower drilling tool through the weight-on-bit transfer structure 101 and finally the drill bit 140 is driven to break the rock.
  • the top-down drill tool assembly is threaded, and the drill bit 140 is also threaded to the bottom drill tool.
  • the drilling tool is a drive shaft, and the drill bit 140 and the lower drive shaft 23 are screwed together.
  • the rotary steering mechanism changes the wellbore trajectory by relying on the deflection control mechanism.
  • the deflection control mechanism includes at least one set of drive components, and the drive components include at least three sets of the non-rotating biasing unit 1 arranged at radial intervals along the non-rotating biasing unit 1
  • the piston cylinder 12, the piston 14 and the wing rib 10 are provided.
  • a hydraulic power module 4 is provided on the cylinder wall of the non-rotating bias unit 1 with a static bias rotation guide.
  • the hydraulic power module 4 includes a hydraulic pump connected with an electric motor 42 41. It also includes a hydraulic power housing cavity and a liquid return storage cavity 11. The electric motor 42 and the hydraulic pump 41 are arranged in the hydraulic power housing cavity.
  • the motor drives the hydraulic pump to generate hydraulic pressure to drive the piston 14, the piston cylinder 12 and the hydraulic pump 41
  • the piston 14 can move toward or away from the axis of the drive shaft under the action of the hydraulic pump 41 to push the rib 10 against the well wall to achieve guidance.
  • a rib cover 13 is provided outside the rib 10. The guiding direction is the direction of the resultant thrust of all ribs 10.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged between the drive shaft and the downhole motor stator housing 133.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is a spherical hinge structure.
  • the lower end of the downhole motor stator housing 133 is the housing of the spherical hinge.
  • Ball joint ball head, the upper part of the ball joint ball head is connected with the downhole motor rotor 132 through the torque transmission shaft 102, and the lower part of the ball joint ball head is connected with the drive shaft of the rotary steering unit.
  • the drilling torque is transmitted by the downhole motor rotor 132 through the torque
  • the shaft 102 is transmitted to the drive shaft of the guide unit through the ball joint ball head, and is further transmitted to the drill bit 140.
  • the weight on bit is transferred from the shell of the ball joint to the ball head of the ball joint, and from the ball joint of the ball joint to the rotary guide drive shaft, and further to the drill bit.
  • a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is provided behind the rotary steering biasing mechanism.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 can be any number and combination of arc surface contact structures or spherical hinge structures, and the arc surface can be any reliable arc surface.
  • the weight-on-bit transmission structure 101 can transmit torque itself or rely on other internal torque transmission structures to transmit torque.
  • the torque transmission structure can be any torque transmission structure such as flexible joints and cardan shafts.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is used to transmit the weight-on-bit, and the weight-on-bit is transmitted to the drill bit 140 through the lower drilling tool for rock breaking.
  • the rotation angle direction of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is not directly controlled by the control mechanism.
  • the rotary steering drilling tool generates a controllable direction of the well trajectory under the action of the rotary steering biasing mechanism under the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101.
  • the direction of the turning angle of the steering transmission structure 101 only changes with the change of the deflection direction of the wellbore trajectory.
  • the turning angle is the deflection of the drilling tool in the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relative to the drilling tool at the rear of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to the direction where the inclination angle increases; Deflection in the direction of decreasing oblique angle; or deflection of the drilling tool at the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relative to the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to the direction where the azimuth angle increases; or the drilling tool at the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 steers with respect to the weight-on-bit
  • the flexible section is a section of drilling tool whose diameter is significantly smaller than the guide section, and its function is to transmit weight on bit and torque.
  • the flexible section is prone to deformation or buckling under the action of weight on bit or torque) .
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is in a rotating state, and the rotating state is autorotating along the well axis.
  • the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is provided with a flow channel through which drilling fluid can flow.
  • the flow channel is arranged inside the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 and penetrates the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 up and down.
  • the methods of setting inside include but are not limited to The flow channel in the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged at the center of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101.
  • the electric energy required by the rotary steering biasing mechanism is provided by the power supply module on the upper part of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101.
  • the power supply module can transmit power to the rotary steering biasing unit through the torque transmission structure through cables or infinite energy transmission technology.
  • a centralizer 111 is provided within 1 meter below the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure or within 2 meters above the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to make the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relatively stable during the rotation of the drill string, and reduce the internal position of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101.
  • the alternating stress withstand.
  • the rotation angle of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is restricted by the structural restriction, so that the rotation angle of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is controlled within the maximum amplitude a°, and the value range of a is between 0-4.
  • the cable is installed inside or outside the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 so that the upper and lower portions of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 can realize the transmission of electric energy. Because the weight-on-bit steering transfer structure 101 produces a certain turning angle of the drilling tool, in order to more accurately control the wellbore trajectory, an attitude measurement module is installed in front of the weight-on-bit steering transfer structure 101 to obtain a more accurate near-bit attitude.
  • the centralizer 111 is set near the lower end of the downhole power drill tool shell assembly, that is, the centralizer 111 is set at a position within 1.5 meters above the lower end surface of the downhole power drill tool shell assembly, and the rotor assembly becomes the receiver of the downhole power drill tool.
  • the part that is driven and rotated by the power, the shell always becomes the part of the downhole power drilling tool that is connected to the upper drill string and keeps synchronous rotation.
  • the centralizer 111 is set within 0.5 meters above the lower end surface of the downhole power drilling tool shell assembly. s position.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a rotary steering well-drilling tool based on a bit pressure steering transmission structure, belonging to the technical field of well-drilling devices. The rotary steering drill tool comprises a bit pressure steering transmission structure (101), a torque transmission shaft (102) and a rotary steering mechanism. The bit pressure steering transmission structure (101) is a cambered surface contact structure or a ball joint structure and is used for bearing bit pressure. The torque transmission shaft (102) comprises a universal shaft or a flexible shaft and is used for transmitting torque. During the rotary steering well-drilling process, an upper drill tool transmits bit pressure to the rotary steering mechanism through the bit pressure steering transmission structure (101) and further transmits the bit pressure to a drill bit (140); and the upper drilling tool transmits torque to the rotary steering mechanism through the torque transmission shaft (102) and further transmits the torque to the drill bit. Without affecting the normal rotary steering function, the rotary steering well-drilling tool based on a bit pressure steering transmission structure achieves separation of bit pressure transmission from torque transmission, so that the rotary steering drill tool can be united with a down-hole motor to implement rotary steering compound well-drilling.

Description

一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具Rotary steering drilling tool based on weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及钻井装置技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具。The invention relates to the technical field of drilling devices, in particular to a rotary steering drilling tool based on a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure.
背景技术Background technique
目前的推靠式旋转导向钻井工具普遍依靠第一扶正器实现近钻头的扶正，并在第一扶正器后方设置柔性节，使钻具具有一定柔性，柔性节虽然能提高旋转导向钻井工具的造斜率，但由于其本身占用了很大的长度空间，且会在遇到井下复杂时成为卡钻的因素，导致了旋转导向钻井工具无法很好的与井下马达结合或导致其他其它测井仪器距离钻头过远。The current push-type rotary steering drilling tools generally rely on the first centralizer to achieve centering close to the drill bit, and a flexible section is arranged behind the first centralizer to make the drilling tool flexible. Although the flexible section can improve the manufacture of the rotary steering drilling tool Slope, but because it occupies a lot of length space, and will become a stuck factor when encountering downhole complexity, which causes the rotary steering drilling tool to not be well integrated with the downhole motor or causes the distance of other logging tools The drill bit is too far.
针对上述问题，现有方法是通过减短柔性节并在柔性节后方设置井下马达的方法实现与旋转导向钻井工具与井下马达的联合作业，但是减短柔性节后会导致工具造斜率的下降，同时无法有效解决井下复杂时的卡钻问题。此外，旋转导向钻井工具的扶正器需设置于旋转导向偏置机构和柔性节之间。复合钻井时，井下马达钻具或其他井下动力工具安装于柔性节后方，这也就导致井下动力工具的扭力必须驱动柔性节、扶正器及其下方的旋转导向短节。钻井期间会造成大量的井下马达扭矩损失，在遭遇井下复杂时，可能会导致井下马达输出扭矩不足或卡阻。To solve the above problems, the existing method is to shorten the flexible joint and install the downhole motor behind the flexible joint to realize the joint operation with the rotary steering drilling tool and the downhole motor. However, the shortening of the flexible joint will cause the tool build rate to decrease. At the same time, it can not effectively solve the stuck drilling problem when the downhole is complex. In addition, the centralizer of the rotary steering drilling tool needs to be arranged between the rotary steering biasing mechanism and the flexible joint. In compound drilling, the downhole motor drilling tool or other downhole power tools are installed behind the flexible section, which causes the torsion of the downhole power tool to drive the flexible section, centralizer and the rotating steering sub-section below. During drilling, a large amount of downhole motor torque loss will be caused. When the downhole is complicated, it may cause insufficient output torque or jam of the downhole motor.
针对上述问题，基于现有技术的任何优化都难以从根本上解决问题。机械的将柔性节与扶正器调换顺序，将扶正器设置于井下马达外壳上，也仅能从一定程度上解决安全问题，但使得旋转导向丧失了动态稳定性，在没有近钻头支点的情况下，造斜率大幅下滑，安全性降低。In view of the above problems, any optimization based on the existing technology is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem. Changing the order of the flexible section and the centralizer mechanically, and placing the centralizer on the downhole motor housing can only solve the safety problem to a certain extent, but the dynamic stability of the rotary steering is lost, and there is no near-bit fulcrum. , The build rate has dropped sharply and safety is reduced.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，且通过扭矩传递轴实现钻压和扭矩的分离传递。以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，在不影响旋转导向正常功能的前提下实现了钻压传递和扭矩传递的分离，便于联合井下马达实现旋转导向复合钻井，增加了安全性。 此外，利用钻压转向传递结构本身在转向时不需要很大的弯矩，甚至不需要弯矩，因此可以在旋转导向钻井过程中，可以减小推靠臂所需要的推力。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and realize the separate transmission of weight-on-bit and torque through a torque transmission shaft. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the weight-on-bit transmission and torque transmission are separated without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering, which facilitates the combination of downhole motors to realize rotary steering compound drilling and increases safety. In addition, the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure itself does not require a large bending moment or even a bending moment during steering. Therefore, the thrust required by the pushing arm can be reduced during the rotary steering drilling process.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides the following solutions:
本发明提供一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，包括钻压转向传递结构、扭矩传递轴、旋转导向机构；所述钻压转向传递结构为弧面接触结构或球铰结构，用于传递钻压；所述扭矩传递轴包括万向轴或柔性轴；旋转导向钻井过程中，上部钻具通过钻压转向传递结构将钻压传递给旋转导向机构并进一步的传递给钻头；上部钻具通过扭矩传递轴将扭矩传递给旋转导向机构并进一步的传递给钻头。具体的，还包括井下马达，上部钻具为井下马达，所述井下马达转子外设置有井下马达定子外壳，所述井下马达定子外壳下端连接有钻压转向传递结构，所述井下马达转子下端连接有扭矩传递轴，所述钻压转向传递结构设置于所述扭矩传递轴外侧；所述钻压转向传递结构和扭矩传递轴下端与所述旋转导向机构分别连接，分别为所述旋转导向机构传递钻压和扭矩，或，当钻压转向传递结构为球铰结构时，所述球铰球头上方通过所述扭矩传递轴与井下马达转子连接，使马达转子将扭矩通过扭矩传递轴传递给球铰球头，马达定子外壳通过球铰外壳向球铰球头传递钻压，最终由球铰球头为所述旋转导向机构传递钻压。The invention provides a rotary steering drilling tool based on a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, which includes a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, a torque transmission shaft, and a rotary steering mechanism; the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a camber contact structure or a spherical hinge structure. The weight-on-bit transmission; the torque transmission shaft includes a cardan shaft or a flexible shaft; in the rotary steerable drilling process, the upper drilling tool transmits the weight-on-bit through the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure to the rotary steering mechanism and further to the drill bit; The tool transmits the torque to the rotary guide mechanism and further to the drill bit through the torque transmission shaft. Specifically, it also includes a downhole motor, the upper drilling tool is a downhole motor, the downhole motor stator housing is arranged outside the downhole motor rotor, the lower end of the downhole motor stator housing is connected with a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and the lower end of the downhole motor rotor is connected There is a torque transmission shaft, the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged on the outside of the torque transmission shaft; the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure and the lower end of the torque transmission shaft are respectively connected to the rotation guide mechanism, and are respectively transmitted by the rotation guide mechanism Weight-on-bit and torque, or, when the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge structure, the upper part of the spherical joint ball head is connected to the downhole motor rotor through the torque transmission shaft, so that the motor rotor transmits the torque to the ball through the torque transmission shaft For the hinge ball head, the motor stator shell transfers the weight on bit to the ball joint ball head through the ball hinge shell, and finally the ball joint ball head transmits the weight on bit for the rotation guiding mechanism.
可选的，所述驱动轴包括下驱动轴、中驱动轴和上驱动轴，所述下驱动轴与中驱动轴采用螺纹连接，所述中驱动轴和上驱动轴采用一体制造。Optionally, the drive shaft includes a lower drive shaft, a middle drive shaft, and an upper drive shaft. The lower drive shaft and the middle drive shaft are threadedly connected, and the middle drive shaft and the upper drive shaft are manufactured in one piece.
可选的，所述旋转导向偏置机构包括不旋转偏置单元，所述不旋转偏置单元包含3套分别采用液压驱动的推靠***，所述不旋转偏置单元上还设置有控制电路和整流电路。Optionally, the rotation guide biasing mechanism includes a non-rotating biasing unit, the non-rotating biasing unit includes 3 sets of hydraulically driven pushing systems, and the non-rotating biasing unit is also provided with a control circuit And rectifier circuit.
可选的，所述中驱动轴和不旋转偏置单元之间设置有非接触能量传递装置，所述非接触能量传递装置包括能量发射机构和能量接收机构，所述能量发射机构与中驱动轴固定连接，所述能量接收机构与不旋转偏置单元固定连接。Optionally, a non-contact energy transmission device is provided between the middle drive shaft and the non-rotating bias unit, and the non-contact energy transmission device includes an energy transmission mechanism and an energy receiving mechanism, and the energy transmission mechanism is connected to the middle drive shaft. The energy receiving mechanism is fixedly connected with the non-rotating bias unit.
可选的，所述上驱动轴中设置有能量供应模块，所述能量供应模块能够为能量发射机构提供交变电流。Optionally, an energy supply module is provided in the upper drive shaft, and the energy supply module can provide an alternating current for the energy transmitting mechanism.
可选的，所述不旋转偏置单元的径向间隔设置有三组活塞缸，所述活塞缸连接有活塞，所述活塞外侧设置有翼肋；所述不旋转偏置单元的筒壁上设有液压***，所述液压***包括连接有电动机的液压泵、液压动力容置腔和回液存储腔，所述电动机和所述液压泵设置于所述液压动力容置腔内，所述活塞缸与所述液压泵的出口联通，所述活塞能在液压泵的供液作用下朝向或者远离所述驱动轴的轴线移动并使翼肋推抵井壁。Optionally, three sets of piston cylinders are provided at radial intervals of the non-rotating biasing unit, the piston cylinders are connected with pistons, and ribs are provided on the outside of the pistons; and the cylinder wall of the non-rotating biasing unit is provided There is a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump connected with an electric motor, a hydraulic power accommodating cavity and a liquid return storage cavity, the electric motor and the hydraulic pump are arranged in the hydraulic power accommodating cavity, and the piston cylinder In communication with the outlet of the hydraulic pump, the piston can move toward or away from the axis of the drive shaft under the action of the hydraulic pump to push the rib against the well wall.
可选的，所述旋转导向机构上设置有姿态测量模块，用于测量不旋转偏置单元的重力工具面角和近钻头井斜角。进一步的所述姿态测量模块设置于不旋转偏置单元的侧壁中。Optionally, a posture measurement module is provided on the rotary steering mechanism, which is used to measure the gravity tool face angle and the near-bit well inclination angle of the non-rotating bias unit. Further, the attitude measurement module is arranged in the side wall of the non-rotating bias unit.
可选的，所述钻压转向传递结构为弧面接触结构或球铰结构。Optionally, the WOB steering transmission structure is a curved surface contact structure or a spherical hinge structure.
如图4和图5中所示，钻压转向传递机构不与井下马达直接相连的前提下。可选的，所述扭矩传递轴的下端与钻压转向传递结构下端的钻具同轴连接，所述扭矩传递轴的上端与钻压转向传递结构的上端同轴连接，用于传递弯矩。As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the WOB steering transmission mechanism is not directly connected to the downhole motor. Optionally, the lower end of the torque transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the drill tool at the lower end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and the upper end of the torque transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the upper end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure for transmitting bending moment.
可选的，所述钻压转向传递结构为球铰。Optionally, the WOB steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge.
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
本发明将扶正器设置于井下马达的定子外壳总成下端，大大减小了井下复杂时井下马达钻具的输出扭矩，并将井下马达下方的柔性节取消，换为钻压转向传递结构即阻挡了后方钻具的弯矩向前传递，又不影响旋转导向的偏转。本发明达到了在不影响旋转导向正常功能的前提下提高复合钻进安全性的目的。此外，对于分支井，需要开窗侧钻作业，针对这种情况，传统柔性节自身的刚度反而会成为旋转导向侧钻的阻碍，因此，本发明巧妙地利用钻压转向传递结构，使旋转导向偏置机构可以较为轻易的产生转角。In the present invention, the centralizer is arranged at the lower end of the stator housing assembly of the downhole motor, which greatly reduces the output torque of the downhole motor drilling tool when the downhole is complex, and cancels the flexible joint under the downhole motor, and replaces it with a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, which is blocking Therefore, the bending moment of the rear drilling tool is transmitted forward without affecting the deflection of the rotary guide. The invention achieves the purpose of improving the safety of compound drilling without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering. In addition, for multilateral wells, window sidetracking operations are required. In response to this situation, the rigidity of the traditional flexible section itself will become an obstacle to the rotary steering sidetracking. Therefore, the present invention cleverly uses the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure to make the rotary steering The bias mechanism can easily generate a corner.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative labor, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings.
图1为本发明结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明布局示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the present invention;
图3为本发明局部具体剖面示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
图4为本发明另一结构(万向节扭矩传递轴)剖面示意图；4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure (universal joint torque transmission shaft) of the present invention;
图5为本发明另一结构(挠性节扭矩传递轴)剖面示意图；5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure (flexible joint torque transmission shaft) of the present invention;
其中，1为不旋转偏置单元，101为钻压转向传递结构，102扭矩传递轴，111为扶正器，21为上驱动轴，22为中驱动轴，23为下驱动轴，25为原边钻铤短节，10为翼肋，11为回液存储腔，12为活塞缸，13为翼肋盖板，14为活塞，15为电器接头，4为液压动力模块，41为液压泵，42为电动机，51为能量发射机构，52为能量接收机构，54为控制电路，55为姿态测量模块，81为第二止推轴承，82为第二扶正轴承，83为第一扶正轴承，84为第一止推轴承，118为能量供应模块，119为驱动轴电路骨架，176为流道转换器，132为井下马达转子，133为井下马达定子外壳，134为柔性节，140为钻头。Among them, 1 is the non-rotating offset unit, 101 is the WOB steering transmission structure, 102 is the torque transmission shaft, 111 is the centralizer, 21 is the upper drive shaft, 22 is the middle drive shaft, 23 is the lower drive shaft, and 25 is the primary side Drill collar short section, 10 is a wing rib, 11 is a liquid return storage cavity, 12 is a piston cylinder, 13 is a rib cover, 14 is a piston, 15 is an electrical connector, 4 is a hydraulic power module, 41 is a hydraulic pump, 42 Is the motor, 51 is the energy transmitting mechanism, 52 is the energy receiving mechanism, 54 is the control circuit, 55 is the attitude measurement module, 81 is the second thrust bearing, 82 is the second centralizing bearing, 83 is the first centralizing bearing, and 84 is The first thrust bearing, 118 is the energy supply module, 119 is the drive shaft circuit frame, 176 is the runner converter, 132 is the downhole motor rotor, 133 is the downhole motor stator housing, 134 is the flexible section, and 140 is the drill bit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的目的是提供一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，且通过扭矩传递轴实现钻压和扭矩的分离传递。以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，在不影响旋转导向正常功能的前提下实现了钻压及其他轴向力传递和扭矩传递的分离，便于联合井下马达实现旋转导向复合钻井，增加了安全性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and realize the separate transmission of weight-on-bit and torque through a torque transmission shaft. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the weight on bit and other axial force transmission and torque transmission are separated without affecting the normal function of the rotary steering, which facilitates the combination of downhole motors to realize rotary steering compound drilling and increases safety .
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明提供一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，如图1、图2、图3、图4和图5所示，包括旋转导向机构，不旋转偏置单元1，钻压转向传递结构101，扭矩传递轴102，扶正器111，上驱动轴21，中 驱动轴22，下驱动轴23，原边钻铤短节25，回液存储腔11，翼肋10，活塞缸12，活塞14，翼肋盖板13，电器接头15，液压动力模块4，电动机42，液压泵41，能量发射机构51，能量接收机构52，姿态测量模块55，控制电路54，第二止推轴承81，第二扶正轴承82，第一扶正轴承83，第一止推轴承84，能量供应模块118，驱动轴电路骨架119，流道转换器176，井下马达转子132，井下马达定子外壳133，柔性节134和钻头140。旋转导向机构包括不旋转偏置单元1和驱动轴，驱动轴包括下驱动轴23、中驱动轴22、上驱动轴21，下驱动轴23与中驱动轴22采用螺纹连接，用于传递扭矩和部分钻压，中驱动轴22和上驱动轴21采用一体化制造。不旋转偏置单元1包含3套液压驱动的推靠***(设置3-4套均可)，不旋转偏置单元1上还设置有姿态测量模块55、控制电路54、整流电路，整流电路为3套液压***以及设置于不旋转偏置单元1上的其他电路供电。The present invention provides a rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, including a rotary steering mechanism, a non-rotating bias unit 1, and weight-on-bit steering Transmission structure 101, torque transmission shaft 102, centralizer 111, upper drive shaft 21, middle drive shaft 22, lower drive shaft 23, primary side drill collar sub 25, liquid return storage cavity 11, wing rib 10, piston cylinder 12, Piston 14, rib cover 13, electrical connector 15, hydraulic power module 4, electric motor 42, hydraulic pump 41, energy transmitting mechanism 51, energy receiving mechanism 52, attitude measurement module 55, control circuit 54, second thrust bearing 81 , The second centralizing bearing 82, the first centralizing bearing 83, the first thrust bearing 84, the energy supply module 118, the drive shaft circuit frame 119, the runner converter 176, the downhole motor rotor 132, the downhole motor stator housing 133, the flexible section 134 and drill 140. The rotation guide mechanism includes a non-rotating bias unit 1 and a drive shaft. The drive shaft includes a lower drive shaft 23, a middle drive shaft 22, and an upper drive shaft 21. The lower drive shaft 23 and the middle drive shaft 22 are threaded to transmit torque and Part of the WOB, the middle drive shaft 22 and the upper drive shaft 21 are manufactured in an integrated manner. The non-rotating bias unit 1 contains 3 sets of hydraulically driven push and lean systems (3-4 sets are acceptable). The non-rotating bias unit 1 is also provided with an attitude measurement module 55, a control circuit 54, and a rectifier circuit. The rectifier circuit is 3 sets of hydraulic systems and other circuits arranged on the non-rotating bias unit 1 provide power.
具体的，中驱动轴22和不旋转偏置单元1之间设置有非接触能量传递装置(此处也可以滑环)，非接触能量传递装置分为能量发射机构51和能量接收机构52，能量发射机构51与中驱动轴22固定连接，能量接收机构52与不旋转偏置单元1固定连接，上驱动轴21中还设置有能量供应模块118，能量供应模块118是负责将为能量发射机构51提供交变电流，使能量发射机构51和能量接收机构52间通过电磁感应的方式传递能量。旋转导向***中包含电池或井下涡轮发电机，井下涡轮发电机作为井下供电电源给能量供应模块118供电，非接触能量传递装置传递的能量用于驱动液压***，进一步的具体内容属于现有技术，此处不再赘述。Specifically, a non-contact energy transmission device (slip ring can also be used here) is provided between the middle drive shaft 22 and the non-rotating bias unit 1. The non-contact energy transmission device is divided into an energy transmitting mechanism 51 and an energy receiving mechanism 52. The transmitting mechanism 51 is fixedly connected to the middle drive shaft 22, the energy receiving mechanism 52 is fixedly connected to the non-rotating bias unit 1, and an energy supply module 118 is also provided in the upper drive shaft 21. The energy supply module 118 is responsible for the energy transmitting mechanism 51 An alternating current is provided to transfer energy between the energy transmitting mechanism 51 and the energy receiving mechanism 52 through electromagnetic induction. The rotary steering system contains a battery or a downhole turbine generator. The downhole turbine generator is used as a downhole power supply to supply power to the energy supply module 118. The energy transferred by the non-contact energy transfer device is used to drive the hydraulic system. Further details belong to the prior art. I won't repeat them here.
钻头破岩所需的钻压和扭矩由上方的钻具分别通过钻压转向传递结构101和所述扭矩传递轴102自上而下的传递至钻头140，即由图2中B所述的上方钻具通过钻压转向传递结构101传递至下方钻具并最终驱动钻头140实现破岩，自上而下的钻具组合均采用螺纹连接，钻头140也通过螺纹连接于最下端的钻具上，钻具为驱动轴，钻头140与下驱动轴23之间采用螺纹连接。The weight and torque required for the drill bit to break the rock are transmitted from the upper drilling tool through the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 and the torque transmission shaft 102 to the drill bit 140 from top to bottom, that is, from the top as shown in Figure 2 B The drilling tool is transferred to the lower drilling tool through the weight-on-bit transfer structure 101 and finally the drill bit 140 is driven to break the rock. The top-down drill tool assembly is threaded, and the drill bit 140 is also threaded to the bottom drill tool. The drilling tool is a drive shaft, and the drill bit 140 and the lower drive shaft 23 are screwed together.
旋转导向机构是依靠偏转控制机构改变井眼轨迹的，偏转控制机构包括至少一组驱动组件，驱动组件包括设置于不旋转偏置单元1的至少三组 沿不旋转偏置单元1的径向间隔设置的活塞缸12、活塞14和翼肋10，此外，静态偏置旋转导向的不旋转偏置单元1的筒壁上设有液压动力模块4，液压动力模块4包括连接有电动机42的液压泵41，还包括液压动力容置腔和回液存储腔11，电动机42和液压泵41设置于液压动力容置腔内，电动机驱动液压泵产生液压力驱动活塞14，活塞缸12与液压泵41的出口连通，活塞14能在液压泵41的供液作用下朝向或者远离驱动轴的轴线移动使翼肋10推抵井壁，实现导向，翼肋10外侧设置有翼肋盖板13。导向方向即为所有翼肋10的推力合力方向。The rotary steering mechanism changes the wellbore trajectory by relying on the deflection control mechanism. The deflection control mechanism includes at least one set of drive components, and the drive components include at least three sets of the non-rotating biasing unit 1 arranged at radial intervals along the non-rotating biasing unit 1 The piston cylinder 12, the piston 14 and the wing rib 10 are provided. In addition, a hydraulic power module 4 is provided on the cylinder wall of the non-rotating bias unit 1 with a static bias rotation guide. The hydraulic power module 4 includes a hydraulic pump connected with an electric motor 42 41. It also includes a hydraulic power housing cavity and a liquid return storage cavity 11. The electric motor 42 and the hydraulic pump 41 are arranged in the hydraulic power housing cavity. The motor drives the hydraulic pump to generate hydraulic pressure to drive the piston 14, the piston cylinder 12 and the hydraulic pump 41 When the outlet is connected, the piston 14 can move toward or away from the axis of the drive shaft under the action of the hydraulic pump 41 to push the rib 10 against the well wall to achieve guidance. A rib cover 13 is provided outside the rib 10. The guiding direction is the direction of the resultant thrust of all ribs 10.
钻压转向传递结构设置于驱动轴和井下马达定子外壳133之间，钻压转向传递结构101为一球铰结构，井下马达定子外壳133的下端即为球铰的外壳，球铰外壳内部设置有球铰球头，球铰球头上方通过所述扭矩传递轴102与井下马达转子132连接，球铰球头下方与旋转导向单元的驱动轴连接，钻井扭矩由井下马达转子132通过所述扭矩传递轴102通过球铰球头传递给导向单元的驱动轴，并进一步传递至钻头140。钻压由球铰外壳传递至球铰球头，并由球铰球头传递给旋转导向驱动轴，并进一步的传递至钻头。The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged between the drive shaft and the downhole motor stator housing 133. The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is a spherical hinge structure. The lower end of the downhole motor stator housing 133 is the housing of the spherical hinge. Ball joint ball head, the upper part of the ball joint ball head is connected with the downhole motor rotor 132 through the torque transmission shaft 102, and the lower part of the ball joint ball head is connected with the drive shaft of the rotary steering unit. The drilling torque is transmitted by the downhole motor rotor 132 through the torque The shaft 102 is transmitted to the drive shaft of the guide unit through the ball joint ball head, and is further transmitted to the drill bit 140. The weight on bit is transferred from the shell of the ball joint to the ball head of the ball joint, and from the ball joint of the ball joint to the rotary guide drive shaft, and further to the drill bit.
进一步优选的，旋转导向偏置机构后方设置钻压转向传递结构101，钻压转向传递结构101可以是任意数量及组合的弧面接触结构或球铰结构，圆弧面可以是任意可依靠弧面实现钻压传递的结构，钻压转向传递结构101自身可以传递扭矩，也可以依靠其内部的其他传扭结构传递扭矩，传扭结构可以是柔性节、万向轴等任意扭矩传递结构。钻压转向传递结构101用于传递钻压，钻压通过其下部钻具传递给钻头140，用于破岩。钻压转向传递结构101的转角方向不受控制机构的直接控制，旋转导向钻井工具在钻压转向传递结构101下方的旋转导向偏置机构的作用下产生的可控方向的井眼轨迹，钻压转向传递结构101的转角方向仅随井眼轨迹偏转方向的变化而变化。Further preferably, a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is provided behind the rotary steering biasing mechanism. The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 can be any number and combination of arc surface contact structures or spherical hinge structures, and the arc surface can be any reliable arc surface. The weight-on-bit transmission structure 101 can transmit torque itself or rely on other internal torque transmission structures to transmit torque. The torque transmission structure can be any torque transmission structure such as flexible joints and cardan shafts. The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is used to transmit the weight-on-bit, and the weight-on-bit is transmitted to the drill bit 140 through the lower drilling tool for rock breaking. The rotation angle direction of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is not directly controlled by the control mechanism. The rotary steering drilling tool generates a controllable direction of the well trajectory under the action of the rotary steering biasing mechanism under the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101. The direction of the turning angle of the steering transmission structure 101 only changes with the change of the deflection direction of the wellbore trajectory.
转角为钻压转向传递结构101前方钻具相对钻压转向传递结构101后方钻具向井斜角增加方向的偏转；或钻压转向传递结构101前方钻具相对钻压转向传递结构101后方钻具向井斜角减小方向的偏转；或钻压转向传递结构101前方钻具相对钻压转向传递结构101后方钻具向方位角增加 方向的偏转；或钻压转向传递结构101前方钻具相对钻压转向传递结构101后方钻具向方位角减小方向的偏转；当钻压施加于钻压转向传递结构101时，钻压转向传递结构101不会发生屈曲或弯折，相对而言，现有技术中采用柔性节实现所述功能，所述柔性节为一段直径明显小于导向节的钻具，其作用在于传递钻压及扭矩，所述柔性节在钻压或扭矩的作用下容易发生变形或屈曲)。当旋转导向钻井工具在进行可控导向钻进时，钻压转向传递结构101处于旋转状态，旋转状态为沿井轴自转。钻压转向传递结构101中设置有可过流钻井液的流道，流道设置于钻压转向传递结构101的内部，且上下贯穿钻压转向传递结构101，设置于内部的方法包括但不限于钻压转向传递结构中的流道设置于钻压转向传递结构101的中心位置。The turning angle is the deflection of the drilling tool in the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relative to the drilling tool at the rear of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to the direction where the inclination angle increases; Deflection in the direction of decreasing oblique angle; or deflection of the drilling tool at the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relative to the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to the direction where the azimuth angle increases; or the drilling tool at the front of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 steers with respect to the weight-on-bit The deflection of the drilling tool behind the transmission structure 101 in the direction of decreasing azimuth angle; when the weight on bit is applied to the weight on bit steering transmission structure 101, the weight on bit steering transmission structure 101 will not buckle or bend. Relatively speaking, in the prior art The function is realized by using a flexible section, the flexible section is a section of drilling tool whose diameter is significantly smaller than the guide section, and its function is to transmit weight on bit and torque. The flexible section is prone to deformation or buckling under the action of weight on bit or torque) . When the rotary steering drilling tool is performing controllable steering drilling, the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is in a rotating state, and the rotating state is autorotating along the well axis. The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is provided with a flow channel through which drilling fluid can flow. The flow channel is arranged inside the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 and penetrates the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 up and down. The methods of setting inside include but are not limited to The flow channel in the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged at the center of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101.
旋转导向偏置机构所需的电能由钻压转向传递结构101上部的供电模块提供，供电模块可通过电缆或无限能量传递技术穿越扭矩传递结构将电力输送给旋转导向偏置单元。The electric energy required by the rotary steering biasing mechanism is provided by the power supply module on the upper part of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101. The power supply module can transmit power to the rotary steering biasing unit through the torque transmission structure through cables or infinite energy transmission technology.
钻压转向传递结构下方1米内或钻压转向传递结构101上方2米内设置扶正器111，使钻压转向传递结构101在钻柱旋转期间处于相对稳定状态，减小钻压转向传递结构101内部所承受的交变应力。钻压转向传递结构101的转角受限位结构限制，使钻压转向传递结构的转角控制在最大幅度a°以内，a的取值范围在0-4之间。A centralizer 111 is provided within 1 meter below the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure or within 2 meters above the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 to make the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 relatively stable during the rotation of the drill string, and reduce the internal position of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101. The alternating stress withstand. The rotation angle of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 is restricted by the structural restriction, so that the rotation angle of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is controlled within the maximum amplitude a°, and the value range of a is between 0-4.
电缆穿越设置于钻压转向传递结构101的内部或外部，使钻压转向传递结构101的上部和下部可实现电能的传递。由于钻压转向传递结构101使钻具产生了一定转角，为了更精确的进行井眼轨迹控制，在钻压转向传递结构101前方设置姿态测量模块可以得到更精确的近钻头姿态。The cable is installed inside or outside the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 so that the upper and lower portions of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure 101 can realize the transmission of electric energy. Because the weight-on-bit steering transfer structure 101 produces a certain turning angle of the drilling tool, in order to more accurately control the wellbore trajectory, an attitude measurement module is installed in front of the weight-on-bit steering transfer structure 101 to obtain a more accurate near-bit attitude.
扶正器111设置在井下动力钻具外壳总成的最下端附近，即扶正器111设置于井下动力钻具外壳总成的最下端面上方1.5米以内的位置，转子总成为井下动力钻具中受动力驱动而旋转的部分，外壳总成为井下动力钻具中与上方钻柱相连且保持同步旋转的部分，一般情况下扶正器111设置于井下动力钻具外壳总成的最下端面上方0.5米以内的位置。The centralizer 111 is set near the lower end of the downhole power drill tool shell assembly, that is, the centralizer 111 is set at a position within 1.5 meters above the lower end surface of the downhole power drill tool shell assembly, and the rotor assembly becomes the receiver of the downhole power drill tool. The part that is driven and rotated by the power, the shell always becomes the part of the downhole power drilling tool that is connected to the upper drill string and keeps synchronous rotation. Generally, the centralizer 111 is set within 0.5 meters above the lower end surface of the downhole power drilling tool shell assembly. s position.
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对 于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above examples is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to this The idea of the invention will change in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：包括钻压转向传递结构、扭矩传递轴、旋转导向机构；所述钻压转向传递结构为弧面接触结构或球铰结构，用于传递钻压；所述扭矩传递轴包括万向轴或柔性轴；旋转导向钻井过程中，上部钻具通过钻压转向传递结构将钻压传递给旋转导向机构并进一步的传递给钻头；上部钻具通过扭矩传递轴将扭矩传递给旋转导向机构并进一步的传递给钻头；上部钻具是包括但不限于井下马达、测井仪器、脉冲器的任意钻具。A rotary steering drilling tool based on a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, which is characterized in that it comprises a weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, a torque transmission shaft, and a rotary steering mechanism; the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a camber contact structure or a spherical hinge structure, It is used to transmit the weight on bit; the torque transmission shaft includes a cardan shaft or a flexible shaft; in the process of rotary steerable drilling, the upper drilling tool transmits the weight on bit to the rotary steering mechanism and further to the drill bit through the weight on bit steering transmission structure; The drilling tool transmits torque to the rotary steering mechanism and further to the drill bit through the torque transmission shaft; the upper drilling tool is any drilling tool including but not limited to downhole motors, logging instruments, and pulsers.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：上部钻具为井下马达，所述井下马达转子外设置有井下马达定子外壳，所述井下马达定子外壳下端连接有钻压转向传递结构，所述井下马达转子下端连接有扭矩传递轴，所述钻压转向传递结构设置于所述扭矩传递轴外侧；所述钻压转向传递结构和扭矩传递轴下端与所述旋转导向机构分别连接，分别为所述旋转导向机构传递钻压和扭矩，或，当钻压转向传递结构为球铰结构时，所述球铰球头上方通过所述扭矩传递轴与井下马达转子连接，使马达转子将扭矩通过扭矩传递轴传递给球铰球头，马达定子外壳通过球铰外壳向球铰球头传递钻压，最终由球铰球头为所述旋转导向机构传递钻压。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper drilling tool is a downhole motor, a downhole motor stator housing is arranged outside the downhole motor rotor, and the lower end of the downhole motor stator housing The weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is connected, the lower end of the downhole motor rotor is connected with a torque transmission shaft, the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is arranged outside the torque transmission shaft; the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure and the lower end of the torque transmission shaft are connected to the lower end of the torque transmission shaft. The rotary guide mechanisms are respectively connected to transmit weight and torque for the rotary guide mechanism, or, when the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge structure, the upper part of the spherical joint ball head is connected to the downhole motor through the torque transmission shaft The rotor is connected so that the motor rotor transmits torque to the ball joint ball head through the torque transmission shaft, and the motor stator shell transmits the weight on bit to the ball joint ball head through the ball joint shell, and finally the ball joint ball head transmits the weight on bit to the rotary guide mechanism .
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，所述旋转导向机构至少包括不旋转偏置单元和驱动轴，所述驱动轴外套接有不旋转偏置单元，所述驱动轴末端连接有钻头。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotary steering mechanism includes at least a non-rotating biasing unit and a drive shaft, the drive shaft is externally connected with a non-rotating biasing unit, the A drill bit is connected to the end of the drive shaft.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，所述井下马达定子外壳末端连接有扶正器，所述扶正器距离所述马达定子外壳下端面1.5米以内。According to the rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure of claim 2, a centralizer is connected to the end of the stator housing of the downhole motor, and the centralizer is within 1.5 meters from the lower end surface of the stator housing of the motor.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：所述不旋转偏置单元包含3-4套分别采用液压驱动的推靠***，所述不旋转偏置单元上还设置有控制电路用于控制上述3-4套液压***。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the non-rotating offset unit includes 3-4 sets of hydraulically driven thrust systems, and the non-rotating offset unit The unit is also provided with a control circuit for controlling the above 3-4 sets of hydraulic systems.
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工 具，其特征在于：所述驱动轴和不旋转偏置单元之间设置有非接触能量传递装置，所述非接触能量传递装置包括能量发射机构和能量接收机构，所述能量发射机构与中驱动轴固定连接，所述能量接收机构与不旋转偏置单元固定连接。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 3, wherein a non-contact energy transmission device is provided between the drive shaft and the non-rotating bias unit, and the non-contact energy transmission device It includes an energy transmitting mechanism and an energy receiving mechanism, the energy transmitting mechanism is fixedly connected with the middle drive shaft, and the energy receiving mechanism is fixedly connected with the non-rotating bias unit.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：所述不旋转偏置单元的径向间隔设置有三组活塞缸，所述活塞缸连接有活塞，所述活塞外侧设置有翼肋；所述不旋转偏置单元的筒壁上设有液压***，所述液压***包括连接有电动机的液压泵、液压动力容置腔和回液存储腔，所述电动机和所述液压泵设置于所述液压动力容置腔内，所述活塞缸与所述液压泵的出口联通，所述活塞能在液压泵的供液作用下朝向或者远离所述驱动轴的轴线移动并使翼肋推抵井壁。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 5, wherein the non-rotating bias unit is provided with three sets of piston cylinders at radial intervals, the piston cylinders are connected with pistons, and the Ribs are provided on the outer side of the piston; a hydraulic system is provided on the cylinder wall of the non-rotating bias unit, and the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump connected with an electric motor, a hydraulic power accommodation cavity and a liquid return storage cavity, the electric motor and The hydraulic pump is arranged in the hydraulic power accommodation cavity, the piston cylinder is in communication with the outlet of the hydraulic pump, and the piston can move toward or away from the axis of the drive shaft under the action of the hydraulic pump And push the wing rib against the well wall.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：所述旋转导向机构上设置有姿态测量模块，用于测量不旋转偏置单元的重力工具面角和近钻头井斜角。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary steering mechanism is provided with an attitude measurement module for measuring the face angle and proximity of the gravity tool of the non-rotating bias unit Drill bit well angle.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：所述扭矩传递轴的下端与钻压转向传递结构下端的钻具同轴连接，所述扭矩传递轴的上端与钻压转向传递结构的上端同轴连接，用于传递弯矩。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the torque transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the drilling tool at the lower end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure, and the torque transmission shaft The upper end is coaxially connected with the upper end of the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure for transmitting bending moment.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的基于钻压转向传递结构的旋转导向钻井工具，其特征在于：所述钻压转向传递结构为球铰。The rotary steering drilling tool based on the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure according to claim 9, wherein the weight-on-bit steering transmission structure is a spherical hinge.
PCT/CN2020/094952 2019-06-06 2020-06-08 Rotary steering well-drilling tool based on bit pressure steering transmission structure WO2020244665A1 (en)

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CN111173452B (en) * 2020-02-21 2024-04-19 万晓跃 Static bias rotary steering drilling tool with sandwich cylinder structure
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CN113404429B (en) * 2021-07-19 2023-12-22 万晓跃 Composite steering drilling tool and method
CN112523700B (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-11-18 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Wire passing universal shaft assembly and wire passing method
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