WO2020238909A1 - Antenna and feed source assembly - Google Patents

Antenna and feed source assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020238909A1
WO2020238909A1 PCT/CN2020/092369 CN2020092369W WO2020238909A1 WO 2020238909 A1 WO2020238909 A1 WO 2020238909A1 CN 2020092369 W CN2020092369 W CN 2020092369W WO 2020238909 A1 WO2020238909 A1 WO 2020238909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
equal
enclosure
radiating head
less
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/092369
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓如渊
陈泽峰
张冀成
付海博
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Filing date
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Publication of WO2020238909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020238909A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a feed component.
  • the microwave antenna is an extremely important component in the communication system. Its main function is to radiate electromagnetic signals to or receive electromagnetic signals from space.
  • Microwave antennas can use some indicators to characterize their ability to radiate or receive electromagnetic signals.
  • ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
  • the defined parameters include front-to-back ratio, side lobes, and envelope diagrams, which are used to describe the interference of microwave antennas. Signal suppression ability.
  • C3 Class 3
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feeder assembly, which reduces the cost of antenna replacement.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface, and a feed component; wherein the main reflection surface is suitable for at least one of microwave communications.
  • Two communication frequency bands the radome is set at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to the top of the second antenna enclosure, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is connected to the top of the main reflecting surface ,
  • the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface is provided with a feed component through;
  • the first and second antenna sides are cylindrical and have the same diameter;
  • the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees; the suppression angle is the feed component The angle between the straight line determined by the phase center point of the phase center point and any point of the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the center axis of the feed assembly.
  • the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components.
  • microwave antennas with different interference levels there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement The cost of the antenna.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure, the main reflecting surface, and the feed component are all suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, which improves the versatility of the antenna .
  • the suppression angle is less than or equal to the first preset angle and greater than or equal to the second preset angle; the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or It is equal to 40 degrees, and the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.
  • the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner on the basis of fulfilling the Class 4 requirements defined by ETSI, reduces the height of the surrounding edge of the antenna, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.
  • the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is embedded in the top end of the second antenna enclosure.
  • the height of the periphery of the second antenna is less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.
  • the diameter of the first antenna enclosure or the second antenna enclosure is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna periphery is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.
  • the aperture of the first antenna enclosure or the second antenna enclosure is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna periphery is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome are both flat.
  • the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner can ensure the versatility of the radome size when the antenna is applied to at least two different frequency bands of microwave communication, and improve the versatility of the antenna.
  • the thickness of the radome is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.
  • the focal diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18, and the offset of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm;
  • the focal diameter ratio is the ratio of the diameter of the top edge of the main reflecting surface to the focal length of the main reflecting surface, and the offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral deviation of the focal point of the main reflecting surface.
  • a wave absorbing layer is provided on the inner wall of the first antenna enclosure and/or the second antenna enclosure.
  • the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner further improves the performance of the antenna for receiving signals by providing a wave absorbing layer.
  • the feed component includes a sub-reflecting surface, a dielectric radiator, a circular wave guide and a feed base; one end of the circular wave guide is inserted into the feed base, One end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted into the other end of the circular wave guide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflective surface; the secondary reflective surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; wherein, The calibers of the joints of the two adjacent circular truncated sides are the same.
  • a shaped secondary reflection surface with gradually increasing openings is provided, which can guide electromagnetic waves to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.
  • the bottom surface is a circular plane.
  • the processing difficulty can be reduced and the plating accuracy can be improved.
  • the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
  • the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
  • the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflecting surface.
  • the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface that matches the shape of the secondary reflective surface, which improves the stability of the connection between the secondary reflective surface and the dielectric radiating head.
  • the dielectric radiating head includes an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide;
  • the side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
  • the diameter of the stepped shape adopted by the outer dielectric radiating head gradually decreases and then gradually increases, so that the radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiator is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide, and the circular waveguide is further fixed and sealed.
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a feed assembly, including: a secondary reflecting surface, a dielectric radiating head, a circular waveguide, and a feed base; one end of the circular waveguide is inserted into the feed base, and the dielectric radiating head One end is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiator is connected to the secondary reflecting surface;
  • the secondary reflecting surface includes a circular bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; The diameters of the joints of the two adjacent circular truncated sides are the same.
  • the bottom surface is a circular plane.
  • the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
  • the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
  • the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflecting surface.
  • the dielectric radiating head includes an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide;
  • the side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiation head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feed component.
  • the antenna includes: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface and a feed component.
  • the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • the radome is arranged at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is connected with the top end of the second antenna enclosure, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is connected with the top end of the main reflecting surface.
  • the center of the bottom is provided with a feed component through it.
  • the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical and have the same caliber.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.
  • the suppression angle is the angle between a straight line determined by any point between the phase center point of the feed assembly and the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the center axis of the feed assembly.
  • the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. Wherein, the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement The cost of the antenna realizes the smooth upgrade of different grades of antennas.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural change of the antenna in the process of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna according to an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 4 is an envelope diagram of a C3 microwave antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is an envelope diagram of a C3 microwave antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed component provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Fig. 6.
  • the antenna and feed assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to microwave communications.
  • specific embodiments are used to describe the antenna and feed assembly provided in the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment may include: a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15.
  • the main reflecting surface 14 is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • the radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure 12 is connected to the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the top end of the main reflecting surface 14.
  • the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface 14 is provided with a feed assembly 15 through it.
  • the first antenna periphery 12 and the second antenna periphery 13 are both cylindrical and have the same diameter.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.
  • the suppression angle is the angle between a straight line determined by any point between the phase center point of the feed assembly 15 and the top edge of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the center axis of the feed assembly 15.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment is a feed-back antenna.
  • the back-fed antenna also known as the Cassegrain antenna, is a commonly used antenna in microwave communications.
  • the antenna may include a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, and a main reflection surface 14.
  • the center of the bottom of the main reflection surface 14 is provided with a feed assembly 15 through it.
  • the first antenna surrounding edge 12 and the second antenna surrounding edge 13 are two independent components, both of which are cylindrical and have the same diameter.
  • the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 may be connected together to form an antenna enclosure, or they may be separated and not connected together.
  • the radome 11, the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13, and the main reflection surface 14 of the same caliber can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • "at least two" refers to two or more than two.
  • This embodiment does not limit the specific number of communication frequency bands and the frequency band range of each communication frequency band.
  • the number of communication frequency bands is two, and the frequency band ranges are 6 to 42 GHz and 71 to 86 GHz, respectively.
  • the frequency band included in microwave communication is usually 6-86 GHz, and the at least two communication frequency bands can be any of at least two frequency bands from 6 to 86 GHz.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment may actually have the following two structures in different application scenarios.
  • the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected together to form an antenna enclosure.
  • the antenna includes: a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15.
  • the radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12, the first antenna enclosure 12 is connected to the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14.
  • the top end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the top end of the first antenna surrounding edge 12
  • the bottom end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the bottom end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13.
  • the effective height of the antenna enclosure is the distance from the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 to the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 after the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna may refer to the angle ⁇ in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • point O represents the phase center point of the feed assembly 15.
  • the straight line determined by the point O and any point on the top edge of the surrounding side of the antenna can be called a1.
  • the center axis of the feed assembly 15 may be referred to as a2.
  • the angle between a1 and a2 can be called the suppression angle of the antenna, expressed as ⁇ .
  • the suppression angle ⁇ of the antenna can be determined by the following formula.
  • h represents the effective height of the surrounding edge of the antenna
  • f represents the focal length of the main reflecting surface
  • D represents the aperture of the antenna or the diameter of the top edge of the main reflecting surface
  • f D represents the focal diameter of the main reflecting surface 14 ratio.
  • the values of f, h, D, and f D are different, and the suppression angle ⁇ of the antenna can be different.
  • the greater the height of the periphery of the antenna the higher the manufacturing cost of the antenna. Based on the antenna's anti-interference ability and manufacturing cost, the above-mentioned parameters can adopt different values.
  • the focal diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface 14 is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18.
  • D 360mm
  • f 57.6mm
  • h 170mm
  • this embodiment does not limit the specific value of the first preset angle.
  • the first preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna may be less than or equal to 36 degrees.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to a second preset angle, and the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to the second preset angle.
  • the second preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to 31 degrees and less than or equal to 36 degrees.
  • the antenna includes: a radome 11, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15.
  • the radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14.
  • the top end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the top end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13
  • the bottom end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the bottom end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13.
  • the effective height of the periphery of the antenna is the height of the second antenna periphery 13.
  • the difference between the above two antenna structures lies in whether the first antenna enclosure 12 is included.
  • the antenna includes the first antenna enclosure 12, the effective height of the antenna enclosure is higher, the suppression angle of the antenna is smaller, and the antenna's anti-interference ability is stronger .
  • the antenna of the second application scenario can implement the C3 microwave antenna defined by ETSI
  • the antenna of the first application scenario can implement the C4 microwave antenna defined by ETSI.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components.
  • microwave antennas with different interference levels there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement
  • the cost of the antenna realizes the smooth upgrade of different grades of antennas.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure, the main reflection surface, and the feed component are all suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, and the specifications are unified, which facilitates the antenna Production, installation and maintenance improve the versatility of the antenna.
  • the antenna structure of the above second application scenario can implement a C3 microwave antenna
  • the antenna structure of the above first application scenario can implement a C4 microwave antenna as an example.
  • the operation of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna The process is exemplified.
  • the C3 microwave antenna may include a radome 11, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface and a feed component.
  • the C3 microwave antenna needs to be replaced with a C4 microwave antenna, as shown in Fig. 3(b), first, the radome 11 is removed. Subsequently, as shown in Fig. 3(c), a first antenna enclosure 12 with the same diameter as the second antenna enclosure 13 is added. Finally, as shown in Figure 3(d), after connecting the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13, a C4 microwave antenna can be formed.
  • the effective height of the periphery of the C4 microwave antenna is the effective height after the first antenna periphery 12 and the second antenna periphery 13 are connected.
  • the C3 microwave antenna is upgraded to the C4 microwave antenna in the antenna replacement mode shown in FIG. 3 as an example, and the envelope diagram when the C3 microwave antenna is upgraded to the C4 microwave antenna is exemplified.
  • the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflecting surface 14 is 0.3m
  • the second antenna enclosure 13 of the C3 microwave antenna is 30mm
  • the first antenna enclosure of the C4 microwave antenna The sum of the effective heights of the side 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 is 170 mm.
  • the frequency band used by the C3 microwave antenna and C4 microwave antenna is 23 GHz.
  • the radiation pattern of the C3 microwave antenna is shown as the solid line in Figure 4, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C3 standard.
  • the dotted line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class3 envelope.
  • the radiation pattern of the C4 microwave antenna is shown by the solid line in Figure 5, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C4 standard.
  • the dotted line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class4 envelope.
  • the abscissa is the observation angle, specifically the suppression angle of the antenna, and the unit is degree.
  • the ordinate is the level value, which refers to the radiation intensity, and the unit is dB.
  • connection between the antenna cover 11 and the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13 is for the connection between the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13.
  • connection mode, the connection mode between the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflecting surface 14 is not limited.
  • the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflective surface 14 may be connected by welding, adhesive, or the like, or be integrally formed.
  • the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure 12 may be embedded in the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13.
  • this embodiment does not limit the materials of the radome 11, the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13, and the main reflection surface 14.
  • the radome 11 may be a foam radome 11.
  • the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflection surface 14 are all made of metal, for example, aluminum.
  • the feed component 15 may be a splash plate feed.
  • the specific value of the thickness of the radome 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Based on the actual application requirements for the reliability of the radome, such as load-bearing, wind resistance, and compression resistance, and cost considerations, different values can be used. thickness of.
  • the thickness of the radome 11 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.
  • it can be 30 mm.
  • the shape of the antenna cover 11 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome 11 are both flat surfaces.
  • the versatility of the radome size can be ensured, and the versatility of the antenna can be improved.
  • the insertion loss of the antenna cover 11 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the so-called insertion loss can also be referred to as insertion loss, which refers to the loss of load power due to the insertion of components or devices somewhere in the transmission system.
  • the insertion loss of the radome can be less than 0.3dB.
  • the specific value of the height of the second antenna enclosure 13 is not limited in this embodiment, and may be different according to the anti-interference performance of the antenna and the aperture of the second antenna enclosure 13.
  • the height of the second antenna skirt 13 may be less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.
  • the C3 level defined by ETSI can be met.
  • the specific value of the height of the first antenna enclosure 12 is not limited in this embodiment, and is based on the anti-interference performance of the antenna, the aperture of the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure.
  • the height of the antenna skirt 13 can be different.
  • the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.
  • the diameter of the first antenna rim 12 or the second antenna rim 13 is 0.3 m, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna rim 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna rim 13 is 170 mm, Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.
  • the diameter of the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13 is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 are different The distance between them is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.
  • the diameter of the first antenna rim 12 or the second antenna rim 13 is 0.6 meters, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna rim 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna rim 13 is 260 mm, Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.
  • the inner wall of the first antenna enclosure 12 and/or the second antenna enclosure 13 may be provided with a wave absorbing layer.
  • This embodiment does not limit the material and thickness of the wave absorbing layer.
  • the thickness of the wave absorbing layer may be 10 mm or 15 mm.
  • the level of the side lobe in the far area of the antenna is further suppressed.
  • this embodiment does not limit the shape and specific size of the curve of the main reflecting surface 14 as long as it is applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • the shape of the curve of the main reflection surface 14 can be determined by the focal diameter ratio of the main reflection surface 14 and the offset of the main reflection surface 14.
  • the offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral offset of the focal point of the main reflecting surface 14.
  • the focal diameter ratio of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18.
  • the offset of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
  • x and z represent the coordinate values of the curve of the main reflection surface
  • off represents the offset of the main reflection surface
  • f represents the focal length of the main reflection surface.
  • This embodiment provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface, and a feed component.
  • the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
  • the radome is arranged at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the first antenna enclosure is connected with the second antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure is connected with the main reflecting surface, and the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface is provided with a feed component through.
  • the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical and have the same caliber.
  • the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.
  • the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a feed component, which may be applied to the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed component provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in FIG. 6.
  • the feed component provided in this embodiment may include: a sub-reflecting surface 151, a dielectric radiating head 152, a circular waveguide 153 and a feed base 154.
  • One end of the circular waveguide 153 is inserted into the feed base 154, one end of the dielectric radiator 152 is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide 153, and the other end of the dielectric radiator 152 is connected to the sub-reflecting surface 151.
  • the secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes. Wherein, the calibers of the joints of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 are the same.
  • the feed assembly 15 has a structure including a secondary reflecting surface 151, a dielectric radiating head 152, a circular wave guide 153, and a feed base 154 connected sequentially from top to bottom and having the same rotation axis.
  • the rotation axis may also be referred to as the central axis of the feed assembly 15.
  • the secondary reflective surface 151 adopts a shaped secondary reflective surface 151.
  • the secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes.
  • the secondary reflection surface 151 gradually increases in opening from the bottom to the top.
  • electromagnetic waves can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.
  • this embodiment does not limit the specific number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 included in the sub-reflecting surface 151 and the height of each truncated cone-shaped side surface 1512.
  • the number of frustum-shaped side surfaces 1512 may be greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 6.
  • the number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 is four.
  • this embodiment does not limit the shape of the bottom surface 1511 of the secondary reflection surface 151.
  • the bottom surface 1511 of the secondary reflection surface 151 may be a circular plane.
  • the processing difficulty can be reduced and the plating accuracy can be improved.
  • junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 on the secondary reflective surface 151 may be chamfered by chamfering. It should be noted that the size of the chamfer is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the radius of the chamfer may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. Through chamfering, the processing quality can be improved.
  • this embodiment does not limit the materials of the sub-reflecting surface 151, the dielectric radiating head 152, the circular waveguide 153, and the feed base 154.
  • the secondary reflection surface 151 may be made of metal material.
  • the secondary reflective surface 151 may be formed by spraying metal powder on the end surface connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 on the dielectric radiating head 152.
  • the dielectric radiating head 152 may be formed of a dielectric material with stable dielectric constant, low loss, and good mechanical properties, for example, it may be any one of Teflon, polystyrene, and polycarbonate.
  • the circular waveguide 153 can be made of metal materials with strong conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, and low cost, for example, pure copper, alloy copper, pure aluminum, and die-cast aluminum.
  • the mode of the circular waveguide 153 may be TE11.
  • a protective layer may be provided on the inner surface of the secondary reflective surface 151.
  • the inner surface of the secondary reflective surface 151 refers to the side of the secondary reflective surface 151 facing the opening of the secondary reflective surface 151.
  • the protective layer may be an oil-based protective paint.
  • the end surface of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 may have an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflective surface 151.
  • the secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes.
  • the end surface of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflection surface 151 also has a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces with gradually increasing sizes.
  • the shape and size of the bottom surface of the end surface and the bottom surface 1511 may be the same.
  • the number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces on the end surface is the same as the number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512.
  • the shape and size of each truncated cone-shaped side surface on the end surface may be the same as the shape and size of the corresponding truncated cone-shaped side surface 1512.
  • the dielectric radiating head 152 may include an outer dielectric radiating head 1521 located outside the circular waveguide 153 and an inner dielectric radiating head 1522 located inside the circular waveguide 153.
  • the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head 152 to one end of the dielectric radiating head 152.
  • the medium radiation head 152 includes an outer medium radiation head 1521 and an inner medium radiation head 1522.
  • the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is located outside the circular waveguide 153, and the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 is inserted into the circular waveguide 153.
  • the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 may be shaped like a step.
  • the end of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the circular waveguide 153 is called one end of the dielectric radiating head 152
  • the end of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 is called the other end of the dielectric radiating head 152 .
  • the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters.
  • the radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized.
  • the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 may also be shaped like a step.
  • the side surface of the inner dielectric radiation head 1522 may include a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with different diameters.
  • this embodiment does not limit the number of cylindrical surfaces included on the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface, and it can be flexibly designed according to the requirements of the radiation amplitude and phase pattern of the feed. .
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface are not limited, and the fixing requirements and impedance matching between the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 and the circular waveguide 153 may be used.
  • Flexible design is required.
  • the depth of the cylindrical surface may also be referred to as the height of the cylindrical surface, which refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the axial direction.
  • the width of the cylindrical surface refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and can also be defined by the inner diameter, outer diameter, and caliber of the cylindrical surface.
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 may be greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner and outer dielectric radiation head 1521 may be greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6.
  • the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is nine, and the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 is six.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular wave guide 153 in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiator 1521 is larger than the diameter of the circular wave guide 153.
  • the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 that is closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is equal to or slightly larger than the circular
  • the inner diameter of the waveguide 153 is such that the outer wall of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is in close contact with the inner wall of the circular waveguide 153.
  • a glue groove may be provided in the middle part of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 on the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522.
  • the stability of the connection between the inner dielectric radiating head and the circular waveguide can be further improved.
  • this embodiment does not limit the implementation of the adhesive.
  • it can be Super X8008 vinyl.
  • This embodiment provides a feed source assembly, which includes: a secondary reflecting surface, a dielectric radiating head, a circular waveguide, and a feed base. Wherein, one end of the circular wave guide is inserted in the feed base, one end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted in the other end of the circular wave guide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflecting surface.
  • the secondary reflecting surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces gradually increasing in size. Wherein, the caliber of the joint of two adjacent circular truncated side surfaces is the same.
  • the feed component provided in this embodiment may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. By setting the shaped secondary reflecting surface with gradually increasing openings, electromagnetic waves can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.

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Abstract

Provided are an antenna and a feed source assembly. The antenna comprises: an antenna cover, a first antenna surrounding edge, a second antenna surrounding edge, a main reflector and a feed source assembly, wherein the main reflector is applicable to at least two communication frequency bands that are in microwave communication; the antenna cover is arranged at a top end of the first antenna surrounding edge, the first antenna surrounding edge is connected to the second antenna surrounding edge, the second antenna surrounding edge is connected to the main reflector, and the center of the bottom of the main reflector is provided with the feed source assembly in a penetrating manner; the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical faces and are of the same caliber; and a suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Due to the fact that the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are detachable independent components, by adding or removing the first antenna surrounding edge, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing the cost of replacing antennas.

Description

天线和馈源组件Antenna and feed components
本申请要求于2019年05月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为2019104722936、申请名称为《天线和馈源组件》的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, application number 2019104722936, and application name "Antenna and Feed Assembly" on May 31, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线和馈源组件。The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a feed component.
背景技术Background technique
微波天线是通信***中一个极其重要的部件，主要功能是将电磁信号向空间辐射或者从空间接收电磁信号。The microwave antenna is an extremely important component in the communication system. Its main function is to radiate electromagnetic signals to or receive electromagnetic signals from space.
微波天线可以通过一些指标来表征其辐射或者接收电磁信号能力的强弱。其中，欧洲电信标准化协会(European Telecommunications Standards Institute，ETSI)根据天线的辐射方向图定义了一些等级(Class)，定义的参数包括前后比、旁瓣以及包络图等，用于描述微波天线对干扰信号的抑制能力。目前，市场上主流的点对点微波天线通常属于Class 3(C3)级别。Microwave antennas can use some indicators to characterize their ability to radiate or receive electromagnetic signals. Among them, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) defines some classes based on the antenna's radiation pattern. The defined parameters include front-to-back ratio, side lobes, and envelope diagrams, which are used to describe the interference of microwave antennas. Signal suppression ability. At present, the mainstream point-to-point microwave antennas on the market usually belong to Class 3 (C3).
然而，随着5G时代的到来，需要通过密集部署微波天线以提升通信容量。由于C3微波天线抗干扰能力较弱，在密集部署的场景下不能满足***抗干扰能力的要求，因此，需要抗干扰能力更强的微波天线，例如，Class 4(C4)微波天线。一种解决方案可以为，拆掉已部署的C3微波天线，重新安装上全新的C4微波天线。但是，这样会导致天线更换成本非常巨大。However, with the advent of the 5G era, it is necessary to intensively deploy microwave antennas to increase communication capacity. Due to the weak anti-interference ability of C3 microwave antennas, it cannot meet the requirements of system anti-interference ability in dense deployment scenarios. Therefore, microwave antennas with stronger anti-interference ability are required, for example, Class 4 (C4) microwave antennas. One solution can be to remove the deployed C3 microwave antenna and reinstall a brand new C4 microwave antenna. However, this will result in a huge cost of antenna replacement.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请实施例提供一种天线和馈源组件，降低了更换天线的成本。The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feeder assembly, which reduces the cost of antenna replacement.
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种天线，包括：天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天线围边、主反射面和馈源组件；其中，主反射面适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段；天线罩设置在第一天线围边的顶端，第一天线围边的底端与第二天线围边的顶端连接，第二天线围边的底端与主反射面的顶端连接，主反射面的底部的中心贯穿设置有馈源组件；第一天线围边与第二天线围边均为圆柱面且口径相同；天线的抑制角度小于或等于40度；抑制角度为馈源组件的相位中心点和第一天线围边的顶端边缘的任意一点确定的直线与馈源组件的中心轴线之间的夹角。In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface, and a feed component; wherein the main reflection surface is suitable for at least one of microwave communications. Two communication frequency bands; the radome is set at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to the top of the second antenna enclosure, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is connected to the top of the main reflecting surface , The center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface is provided with a feed component through; the first and second antenna sides are cylindrical and have the same diameter; the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees; the suppression angle is the feed component The angle between the straight line determined by the phase center point of the phase center point and any point of the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the center axis of the feed assembly.
通过第一方面提供的天线，第一天线围边和第二天线围边为可拆卸的独立部件。当实现不同干扰等级的微波天线时，不需要更换整个天线，仅通过增加或拆除第一天线围边，改变天线围边的有效高度，就可以实现不同抗干扰等级的微波天线，从而降低了更换天线的成本。而且，本实施例提供的天线，天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天 线围边、主反射面和馈源组件均适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段，提高了天线的通用性。With the antenna provided by the first aspect, the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement The cost of the antenna. Moreover, the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure, the main reflecting surface, and the feed component are all suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, which improves the versatility of the antenna .
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度且大于或等于第二预设角度；第一预设角度大于或等于30度且小于或等于40度，第二预设角度大于或等于30度且小于或等于35度。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the suppression angle is less than or equal to the first preset angle and greater than or equal to the second preset angle; the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or It is equal to 40 degrees, and the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，在实现ETSI定义的Class 4要求的基础上，降低了天线的围边的高度，从而降低了天线的成本。The antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, on the basis of fulfilling the Class 4 requirements defined by ETSI, reduces the height of the surrounding edge of the antenna, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，第一天线围边的底端嵌设在第二天线围边的顶端。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is embedded in the top end of the second antenna enclosure.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，第二天线围边的高度小于或等于35毫米且大于或等于25毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the height of the periphery of the second antenna is less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，第一天线围边或第二天线围边的口径大于或等于340毫米且小于或等于380毫米，第一天线围边的顶端与第二天线围边的底端之间的距离小于或等于180毫米且大于或等于160毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the diameter of the first antenna enclosure or the second antenna enclosure is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna periphery is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，第一天线围边或第二天线围边的口径大于或等于610毫米且小于或等于640毫米，第一天线围边的顶端与第二天线围边的底端之间的距离小于或等于250毫米且大于或等于270毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the aperture of the first antenna enclosure or the second antenna enclosure is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna periphery is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，天线罩的上表面和下表面均为平面。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome are both flat.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，可以在天线应用于微波通信的至少两个不同的频段时，确保天线罩尺寸的通用性，提高了天线的通用性。The antenna provided by this possible implementation manner can ensure the versatility of the radome size when the antenna is applied to at least two different frequency bands of microwave communication, and improve the versatility of the antenna.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，天线罩的厚度大于或等于25毫米且小于或等于35毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the thickness of the radome is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，主反射面的焦径比大于或等于0.15且小于或等于0.18，主反射面的偏移量大于或等于3毫米且小于或等于6毫米；其中，焦径比为主反射面的顶端边缘的口径与主反射面的焦距的比值，偏移量用于指示主反射面焦点横向偏移程度。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18, and the offset of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm; Among them, the focal diameter ratio is the ratio of the diameter of the top edge of the main reflecting surface to the focal length of the main reflecting surface, and the offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral deviation of the focal point of the main reflecting surface.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，第一天线围边和/或第二天线围边的内壁上设置有吸波层。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a wave absorbing layer is provided on the inner wall of the first antenna enclosure and/or the second antenna enclosure.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，通过设置吸波层，进一步提升了天线接收信号的性能。The antenna provided by this possible implementation manner further improves the performance of the antenna for receiving signals by providing a wave absorbing layer.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，馈源组件包括副反射面、介质辐射头、圆波导管和馈源底座；圆波导管的一端插设在馈源底座中，介质辐射头的一端插设在圆波导管的另一端中，介质辐射头的另一端与副反射面连接；副反射面包括底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面；其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处的口径相同。Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the feed component includes a sub-reflecting surface, a dielectric radiator, a circular wave guide and a feed base; one end of the circular wave guide is inserted into the feed base, One end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted into the other end of the circular wave guide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflective surface; the secondary reflective surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; wherein, The calibers of the joints of the two adjacent circular truncated sides are the same.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，设置开口逐渐增大的赋形副反射面，可以引导电磁波往波导管两侧辐射，提升了辐射效果。With the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, a shaped secondary reflection surface with gradually increasing openings is provided, which can guide electromagnetic waves to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，底面为圆形平面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the bottom surface is a circular plane.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，通过设置副反射面的底面为平面，可以降低加工难度，提升了电镀精度。With the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, by setting the bottom surface of the secondary reflection surface to be flat, the processing difficulty can be reduced and the plating accuracy can be improved.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处通过倒角处理形成倒角。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，倒角的半径大于或等于0.5毫米且小于或等于1毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，介质辐射头的另一端具有与副反射面的形状匹配的端面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflecting surface.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，介质辐射头的另一端具有与副反射面的形状匹配的端面，提升副反射面与介质辐射头之间连接的稳固性。With the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface that matches the shape of the secondary reflective surface, which improves the stability of the connection between the secondary reflective surface and the dielectric radiating head.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，介质辐射头包括位于圆波导管之外的外介质辐射头和位于圆波导管的内部的内介质辐射头；外介质辐射头的侧面在从介质辐射头的另一端至介质辐射头的一端的方向上包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the dielectric radiating head includes an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide; The side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，外介质辐射头采用的阶梯状赋形的直径先逐渐减小再逐渐增大，可以优化出满足特定要求的初级馈源辐射方向图。With the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, the diameter of the stepped shape adopted by the outer dielectric radiating head gradually decreases and then gradually increases, so that the radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，外介质辐射头的侧面中与圆波导管距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于圆波导管的直径。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiator is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
通过该可能的实施方式提供的天线，外介质辐射头的侧面中与圆波导管距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于圆波导管的直径，进一步固定和密封了圆波导管。With the antenna provided by this possible implementation manner, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide, and the circular waveguide is further fixed and sealed.
可选的，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，外介质辐射头的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量大于或等于6个且小于或等于12个。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种馈源组件，包括：副反射面、介质辐射头、圆波导管和馈源底座；圆波导管的一端插设在馈源底座中，介质辐射头的一端插设在圆波导管的另一端中，介质辐射头的另一端与副反射面连接；副反射面包括圆形的底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面；其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处的口径相同。In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a feed assembly, including: a secondary reflecting surface, a dielectric radiating head, a circular waveguide, and a feed base; one end of the circular waveguide is inserted into the feed base, and the dielectric radiating head One end is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiator is connected to the secondary reflecting surface; the secondary reflecting surface includes a circular bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; The diameters of the joints of the two adjacent circular truncated sides are the same.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，底面为圆形平面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the bottom surface is a circular plane.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处通过倒角处理形成倒角。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，倒角的半径大于或等于0.5毫米且小于或等于1毫米。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，介质辐射头的另一端具有与副反射面的形状匹配的端面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflecting surface.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，介质辐射头包括位于圆波导管之外的外介质辐射头和位于圆波导管的内部的内介质辐射头；外介质辐射头的侧面在从介质辐射头的另一端至介质辐射头的一端的方向上包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the dielectric radiating head includes an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide; The side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，外介质辐射头的侧面中与圆波导 管距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于圆波导管的直径。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
可选的，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，外介质辐射头的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量大于或等于6个且小于或等于12个。Optionally, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiation head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
本申请实施例提供一种天线和馈源组件。其中，天线包括：天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天线围边、主反射面和馈源组件。其中，主反射面适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。天线罩设置在第一天线围边的顶端，第一天线围边的底端与第二天线围边的顶端连接，第二天线围边的底端与主反射面的顶端连接，主反射面的底部的中心贯穿设置有馈源组件。第一天线围边与第二天线围边均为圆柱面且口径相同。天线的抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度。抑制角度为馈源组件的相位中心点和第一天线围边的顶端边缘的任意一点确定的直线与馈源组件的中心轴线之间的夹角。本申请实施例提供的天线，可以适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。其中，第一天线围边和第二天线围边为可拆卸的独立部件。当实现不同干扰等级的微波天线时，不需要更换整个天线，仅通过增加或拆除第一天线围边，改变天线围边的有效高度，就可以实现不同抗干扰等级的微波天线，从而降低了更换天线的成本，实现了不同等级天线的平滑升级。The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feed component. Wherein, the antenna includes: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface and a feed component. Among them, the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. The radome is arranged at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is connected with the top end of the second antenna enclosure, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is connected with the top end of the main reflecting surface. The center of the bottom is provided with a feed component through it. The first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical and have the same caliber. The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. The suppression angle is the angle between a straight line determined by any point between the phase center point of the feed assembly and the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the center axis of the feed assembly. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. Wherein, the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement The cost of the antenna realizes the smooth upgrade of different grades of antennas.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本申请实施例提供的天线的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的天线的抑制角度的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的C3微波天线升级为C4微波天线的过程中天线的结构变化示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural change of the antenna in the process of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna according to an embodiment of the application;
图4为本申请实施例提供的C3微波天线的包络图；Fig. 4 is an envelope diagram of a C3 microwave antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的C3微波天线的包络图；Figure 5 is an envelope diagram of a C3 microwave antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;
图6为本申请实施例提供的馈源组件的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed component provided by an embodiment of the application;
图7为图6中区域A的放大示意图。Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Fig. 6.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本申请实施例提供的天线和馈源组件，可以应用于微波通信中。下面，通过具体实施例对本申请提供的天线和馈源组件进行说明。The antenna and feed assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to microwave communications. In the following, specific embodiments are used to describe the antenna and feed assembly provided in the present application.
图1为本申请实施例提供的天线的结构示意图。如图1所示，本实施例提供的天线，可以包括：天线罩11、第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13、主反射面14和馈源组件15。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna provided in this embodiment may include: a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15.
其中，主反射面14适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。Among them, the main reflecting surface 14 is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
天线罩11设置在第一天线围边12的顶端，第一天线围边12的底端与第二天线围边13的顶端连接，第二天线围边13的底端与主反射面14的顶端连接，主反射面14的底部的中心贯穿设置有馈源组件15。第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13均为圆柱面且口径相同。The radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure 12 is connected to the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the top end of the main reflecting surface 14. In connection, the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface 14 is provided with a feed assembly 15 through it. The first antenna periphery 12 and the second antenna periphery 13 are both cylindrical and have the same diameter.
天线的抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度。抑制角度为馈源组件15的相位中心点 和第一天线围边12的顶端边缘的任意一点确定的直线与馈源组件15的中心轴线之间的夹角。The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. The suppression angle is the angle between a straight line determined by any point between the phase center point of the feed assembly 15 and the top edge of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the center axis of the feed assembly 15.
本实施例提供的天线，是一种后馈式天线。后馈式天线又称为卡塞格伦天线，是一种在微波通信中常用的天线。The antenna provided in this embodiment is a feed-back antenna. The back-fed antenna, also known as the Cassegrain antenna, is a commonly used antenna in microwave communications.
在本实施例中，天线可以包括天线罩11、第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13和主反射面14，主反射面14的底部的中心贯穿设置有馈源组件15。其中，第一天线围边12和第二天线围边13为两个独立的部件，均为圆柱面且口径相同。第一天线围边12和第二天线围边13可以连接在一起共同形成天线的围边，也可以拆分开来不连接在一起。在本实施例中，相同口径的天线罩11、第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13和主反射面14可以适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。在本申请实施例的描述中，“至少两个”是指两个或多于两个。本实施例对于通信频段的具体数量和每个通信频段的频段范围不做限定。例如，通信频段的数量为2个，频段范围分别为6～42GHz和71～86GHz。又例如，微波通信包括的频段范围通常为6～86GHz，至少两个通信频段可以为6～86GHz中任意的至少两个频段范围。In this embodiment, the antenna may include a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, and a main reflection surface 14. The center of the bottom of the main reflection surface 14 is provided with a feed assembly 15 through it. Among them, the first antenna surrounding edge 12 and the second antenna surrounding edge 13 are two independent components, both of which are cylindrical and have the same diameter. The first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 may be connected together to form an antenna enclosure, or they may be separated and not connected together. In this embodiment, the radome 11, the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13, and the main reflection surface 14 of the same caliber can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "at least two" refers to two or more than two. This embodiment does not limit the specific number of communication frequency bands and the frequency band range of each communication frequency band. For example, the number of communication frequency bands is two, and the frequency band ranges are 6 to 42 GHz and 71 to 86 GHz, respectively. For another example, the frequency band included in microwave communication is usually 6-86 GHz, and the at least two communication frequency bands can be any of at least two frequency bands from 6 to 86 GHz.
本实施例提供的天线，在不同的应用场景中，实际上可以具有以下两种结构。The antenna provided in this embodiment may actually have the following two structures in different application scenarios.
在第一种应用场景中，第一天线围边12和第二天线围边13连接在一起共同形成天线的围边。此时，天线包括：天线罩11、第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13、主反射面14和馈源组件15。天线罩11设置在第一天线围边12的顶端，第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13连接，第二天线围边13与主反射面14连接。In the first application scenario, the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected together to form an antenna enclosure. At this time, the antenna includes: a radome 11, a first antenna enclosure 12, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15. The radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12, the first antenna enclosure 12 is connected to the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14.
在该场景中，天线的围边的顶端为第一天线围边12的顶端，天线的围边的底端为第二天线围边13的底端。天线的围边的有效高度为第一天线围边12和第二天线围边13连接后从第一天线围边12的顶端到第二天线围边13的底端之间的距离。其中，天线的抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度。In this scenario, the top end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the top end of the first antenna surrounding edge 12, and the bottom end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the bottom end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13. The effective height of the antenna enclosure is the distance from the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 to the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 after the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected. Wherein, the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.
示例性的，天线的抑制角度可以参见图2中的角度θ。图2为本申请实施例提供的天线的抑制角度的示意图。Exemplarily, the suppression angle of the antenna may refer to the angle θ in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the application.
在图2中，O点表示馈源组件15的相位中心点。O点和天线的围边的顶端边缘的任意一点确定的直线可以称为a1。馈源组件15的中心轴线可以称为a2。以O点为顶点，a1与a2之间的夹角可以称为天线的抑制角度，表示为θ。天线的抑制角度θ可以通过下面的公式确定。In FIG. 2, point O represents the phase center point of the feed assembly 15. The straight line determined by the point O and any point on the top edge of the surrounding side of the antenna can be called a1. The center axis of the feed assembly 15 may be referred to as a2. Taking point O as the vertex, the angle between a1 and a2 can be called the suppression angle of the antenna, expressed as θ. The suppression angle θ of the antenna can be determined by the following formula.
Figure PCTCN2020092369-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020092369-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020092369-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020092369-appb-000002
其中，h表示天线的围边的有效高度，f表示主反射面14的焦距，D表示天线的围边的口径或者主反射面14的顶端边缘的口径，f D表示主反射面14的焦径比。 Among them, h represents the effective height of the surrounding edge of the antenna, f represents the focal length of the main reflecting surface 14, D represents the aperture of the antenna or the diameter of the top edge of the main reflecting surface 14, f D represents the focal diameter of the main reflecting surface 14 ratio.
可见，f、h、D、f D的取值不同，天线的抑制角度θ可以不同。通常，主反射面14的焦径比越大，天线的围边的高度越大，那么，天线的抑制角度越小，天线可以抑 制方向图远区电平值的能力越强，天线的抗干扰能力越强。但是，天线的围边的高度越大，也会造成天线制造成本的上升。基于天线的抗干扰能力和制造成本，上述各参数可以采用不同的取值。可选的，主反射面14的焦径比大于或等于0.15且小于或等于0.18。例如，D＝360mm，f＝57.6mm，h＝170mm，f D＝0.16时，θ＝36°。 It can be seen that the values of f, h, D, and f D are different, and the suppression angle θ of the antenna can be different. Generally, the larger the focal-diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface 14 is, the greater the height of the antenna's circumference, then the smaller the antenna suppression angle, the stronger the antenna's ability to suppress the level value in the far area of the pattern, and the antenna's anti-interference The stronger the ability. However, the greater the height of the periphery of the antenna, the higher the manufacturing cost of the antenna. Based on the antenna's anti-interference ability and manufacturing cost, the above-mentioned parameters can adopt different values. Optionally, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface 14 is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18. For example, when D=360mm, f=57.6mm, h=170mm, and f D =0.16, θ=36°.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于第一预设角度的具体取值不做限定。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific value of the first preset angle.
可选的，为了实现ETSI定义的Class 4要求，第一预设角度可以大于或等于30度且小于或等于40度。例如，当第一预设角度为36度时，天线的抑制角度可以小于或等于36度。Optionally, in order to achieve Class 4 requirements defined by ETSI, the first preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees. For example, when the first preset angle is 36 degrees, the suppression angle of the antenna may be less than or equal to 36 degrees.
可选的，天线的抑制角度可以大于或等于第二预设角度，第二预设角度小于第一预设角度。Optionally, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to a second preset angle, and the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.
具体的，天线的围边的高度越高，天线的成本越大。为了在实现ETSI定义的Class4要求的基础上降低天线的成本，天线的抑制角度可以大于或等于第二预设角度。Specifically, the higher the height of the periphery of the antenna, the greater the cost of the antenna. In order to reduce the cost of the antenna based on the realization of Class 4 requirements defined by ETSI, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to the second preset angle.
本实施例对于第二预设角度的具体取值不做限定。可选的，第二预设角度可以大于或等于30度且小于或等于35度。例如，当第一预设角度为36度、第二预设角度为31度时，天线的抑制角度可以大于或等于31度且小于或等于36度。This embodiment does not limit the specific value of the second preset angle. Optionally, the second preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees. For example, when the first preset angle is 36 degrees and the second preset angle is 31 degrees, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to 31 degrees and less than or equal to 36 degrees.
在第二种应用场景中，第一天线围边12和第二天线围边13没有连接。此时，天线包括：天线罩11、第二天线围边13、主反射面14和馈源组件15。天线罩11设置在第二天线围边13的顶端，第二天线围边13与主反射面14连接。In the second application scenario, the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are not connected. At this time, the antenna includes: a radome 11, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface 14 and a feed component 15. The radome 11 is arranged at the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14.
在该场景中，天线的围边的顶端为第二天线围边13的顶端，天线的围边的底端为第二天线围边13的底端。天线的围边的有效高度为第二天线围边13的高度。In this scenario, the top end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the top end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13, and the bottom end of the surrounding edge of the antenna is the bottom end of the second antenna surrounding edge 13. The effective height of the periphery of the antenna is the height of the second antenna periphery 13.
上述两种天线结构的区别在于是否包括第一天线围边12，相同点在于天线罩11、第二天线围边13、主反射面14和馈源组件15的尺寸是相同的。相比于第二种应用场景，在第一种应用场景中，天线包括第一天线围边12，天线的围边的有效高度更高，天线的抑制角度更小，天线的抗干扰能力更强。例如，第二种应用场景的天线可以实现ETSI定义的C3微波天线，第一种应用场景的天线可以实现ETSI定义的C4微波天线。The difference between the above two antenna structures lies in whether the first antenna enclosure 12 is included. The same point is that the dimensions of the radome 11, the second antenna enclosure 13, the main reflecting surface 14 and the feed assembly 15 are the same. Compared with the second application scenario, in the first application scenario, the antenna includes the first antenna enclosure 12, the effective height of the antenna enclosure is higher, the suppression angle of the antenna is smaller, and the antenna's anti-interference ability is stronger . For example, the antenna of the second application scenario can implement the C3 microwave antenna defined by ETSI, and the antenna of the first application scenario can implement the C4 microwave antenna defined by ETSI.
可见，本实施例提供的天线，可以适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。其中，第一天线围边和第二天线围边为可拆卸的独立部件。当实现不同干扰等级的微波天线时，不需要更换整个天线，仅通过增加或拆除第一天线围边，改变天线围边的有效高度，就可以实现不同抗干扰等级的微波天线，从而降低了更换天线的成本，实现了不同等级天线的平滑升级。而且，本实施例提供的天线，天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天线围边、主反射面和馈源组件均适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段，规格统一，便于天线的生产、安装和维护，提高了天线的通用性。It can be seen that the antenna provided in this embodiment can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. Wherein, the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna enclosure and changing the effective height of the antenna enclosure, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be achieved, thereby reducing replacement The cost of the antenna realizes the smooth upgrade of different grades of antennas. Moreover, the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure, the main reflection surface, and the feed component are all suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, and the specifications are unified, which facilitates the antenna Production, installation and maintenance improve the versatility of the antenna.
下面，结合图3，以上述第二种应用场景的天线结构可以实现C3微波天线，上述第一种应用场景的天线结构可以实现C4微波天线为例，对C3微波天线升级为C4微波天线的操作过程进行示例性说明。Next, with reference to Figure 3, the antenna structure of the above second application scenario can implement a C3 microwave antenna, and the antenna structure of the above first application scenario can implement a C4 microwave antenna as an example. The operation of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna The process is exemplified.
如图3(a)所示，C3微波天线可以包括天线罩11、第二天线围边13、主反射面和馈源组件。当需要将C3微波天线更换为C4微波天线时，如图3(b)所示，首先，拆卸掉天线罩11。随后，如图3(c)所示，增加与第二天线围边13口径相同的第一天线围 边12。最终，如图3(d)所示，将第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13连接后，可以形成C4微波天线。C4微波天线的围边的有效高度为第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13连接后的有效高度。As shown in Figure 3(a), the C3 microwave antenna may include a radome 11, a second antenna enclosure 13, a main reflecting surface and a feed component. When the C3 microwave antenna needs to be replaced with a C4 microwave antenna, as shown in Fig. 3(b), first, the radome 11 is removed. Subsequently, as shown in Fig. 3(c), a first antenna enclosure 12 with the same diameter as the second antenna enclosure 13 is added. Finally, as shown in Figure 3(d), after connecting the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13, a C4 microwave antenna can be formed. The effective height of the periphery of the C4 microwave antenna is the effective height after the first antenna periphery 12 and the second antenna periphery 13 are connected.
可见，通过上述更换天线的过程，工程上实现简单，降低了天线的更换成本，实现了C3微波天线到C4微波天线的平滑升级。It can be seen that through the above-mentioned antenna replacement process, the engineering implementation is simple, the replacement cost of the antenna is reduced, and the smooth upgrade from the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna is realized.
下面，结合图3～图5，以图3所示的天线更换方式将C3微波天线升级为C4微波天线为例，对C3微波天线升级为C4微波天线时的包络图进行示例性说明。Next, in conjunction with FIGS. 3 to 5, the C3 microwave antenna is upgraded to the C4 microwave antenna in the antenna replacement mode shown in FIG. 3 as an example, and the envelope diagram when the C3 microwave antenna is upgraded to the C4 microwave antenna is exemplified.
假设，第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13和主反射面14的顶端边缘的口径为0.3m，C3微波天线中第二天线围边13为30mm，C4微波天线中第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13的有效高度和为170mm。C3微波天线和C4微波天线使用的频段为23GHz。Assuming that the diameter of the top edge of the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflecting surface 14 is 0.3m, the second antenna enclosure 13 of the C3 microwave antenna is 30mm, and the first antenna enclosure of the C4 microwave antenna The sum of the effective heights of the side 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 is 170 mm. The frequency band used by the C3 microwave antenna and C4 microwave antenna is 23 GHz.
通过对天线进行实测，C3微波天线的辐射方向图如图4中实线所示，满足ETSI C3标准的包络要求。在图4中，虚线表示ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3，Class3包络。C4微波天线的辐射方向图如图5中实线所示，满足ETSI C4标准的包络要求。在图5中，虚线表示ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3，Class4包络。其中，在图4和图5中，横坐标为观测角度，具体为天线的抑制角度，单位为度。纵坐标为电平值，是指辐射强度，单位为dB。Through the actual measurement of the antenna, the radiation pattern of the C3 microwave antenna is shown as the solid line in Figure 4, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C3 standard. In Figure 4, the dotted line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class3 envelope. The radiation pattern of the C4 microwave antenna is shown by the solid line in Figure 5, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C4 standard. In Figure 5, the dotted line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class4 envelope. Among them, in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the abscissa is the observation angle, specifically the suppression angle of the antenna, and the unit is degree. The ordinate is the level value, which refers to the radiation intensity, and the unit is dB.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于天线罩11与第一天线围边12或者与第二天线围边13之间的连接方式、对于第一天线围边12与第二天线围边13之间的连接方式、对于第二天线围边13与主反射面14之间的连接方式不做限定。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection between the antenna cover 11 and the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13 is for the connection between the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13. The connection mode, the connection mode between the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflecting surface 14 is not limited.
例如，第二天线围边13与主反射面14之间可以通过焊接、粘接剂等方式连接，或者一体成型。又例如，如图3(c)所示，第一天线围边12的底端可以嵌设在第二天线围边13的顶端。For example, the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflective surface 14 may be connected by welding, adhesive, or the like, or be integrally formed. For another example, as shown in FIG. 3( c ), the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure 12 may be embedded in the top end of the second antenna enclosure 13.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于天线罩11、第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13和主反射面14的材质不做限定。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the materials of the radome 11, the first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13, and the main reflection surface 14.
例如，天线罩11可以为泡沫天线罩11。第一天线围边12、第二天线围边13和主反射面14均为金属材质，例如，为铝材料。For example, the radome 11 may be a foam radome 11. The first antenna enclosure 12, the second antenna enclosure 13 and the main reflection surface 14 are all made of metal, for example, aluminum.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于馈源组件15的实现方式不做限定。例如。馈源组件15可以为溅散板馈源。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the implementation of the feed component 15. E.g. The feed component 15 may be a splash plate feed.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于天线罩11的厚度的具体数值不做限定，基于实际应用中对天线罩承重、抗风、抗压等可靠性的要求，以及基于成本的考虑，可以采用不同的厚度。It should be noted that the specific value of the thickness of the radome 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Based on the actual application requirements for the reliability of the radome, such as load-bearing, wind resistance, and compression resistance, and cost considerations, different values can be used. thickness of.
可选的，天线罩11的厚度大于或等于25毫米且小于或等于35毫米。例如，可以为30毫米。Optionally, the thickness of the radome 11 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm. For example, it can be 30 mm.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于天线罩11的形状不做限定。It should be noted that the shape of the antenna cover 11 is not limited in this embodiment.
可选的，天线罩11的上表面和下表面均为平面。Optionally, the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome 11 are both flat surfaces.
通过设置为平面，可以在天线应用于微波通信的至少两个不同的频段时，确保天线罩尺寸的通用性，提高了天线的通用性。By setting it as a plane, when the antenna is applied to at least two different frequency bands of microwave communication, the versatility of the radome size can be ensured, and the versatility of the antenna can be improved.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于天线罩11的***损耗不做限定。所谓***损耗，也可以称为插损，是指传输***的某处由于元件或器件的***而发生的负载功率的损耗。 例如，天线罩的插损可以小于0.3dB。It should be noted that the insertion loss of the antenna cover 11 is not limited in this embodiment. The so-called insertion loss can also be referred to as insertion loss, which refers to the loss of load power due to the insertion of components or devices somewhere in the transmission system. For example, the insertion loss of the radome can be less than 0.3dB.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于第二天线围边13的高度的具体取值不做限定，根据天线的抗干扰性能以及第二天线围边13的口径的不同可以有所不同。It should be noted that the specific value of the height of the second antenna enclosure 13 is not limited in this embodiment, and may be different according to the anti-interference performance of the antenna and the aperture of the second antenna enclosure 13.
可选的，第二天线围边13的高度可以小于或等于35毫米且大于或等于25毫米。例如，当第二天线围边13的口径为0.3米或者0.6米，第二天线围边13的高度为30毫米时，可以满足ETSI定义的C3级别。Optionally, the height of the second antenna skirt 13 may be less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm. For example, when the diameter of the second antenna enclosure 13 is 0.3 meters or 0.6 meters, and the height of the second antenna enclosure 13 is 30 millimeters, the C3 level defined by ETSI can be met.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于第一天线围边12的高度的具体取值不做限定，根据天线的抗干扰性能、第一天线围边12或第二天线围边13的口径以及第二天线围边13的高度的不同可以有所不同。It should be noted that the specific value of the height of the first antenna enclosure 12 is not limited in this embodiment, and is based on the anti-interference performance of the antenna, the aperture of the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13, and the second antenna enclosure. The height of the antenna skirt 13 can be different.
可选的，第一天线围边12或第二天线围边13的口径大于或等于340毫米且小于或等于380毫米时，第一天线围边12的顶端与第二天线围边13的底端之间的距离小于或等于180毫米且大于或等于160毫米。例如，当第一天线围边12或第二天线围边13的口径为0.3米，第一天线围边12的顶端与第二天线围边13的底端之间的距离为170毫米时，可以满足ETSI定义的Class 4(C4)级别。Optionally, when the diameter of the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13 is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 The distance between them is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm. For example, when the diameter of the first antenna rim 12 or the second antenna rim 13 is 0.3 m, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna rim 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna rim 13 is 170 mm, Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.
可选的，第一天线围边12或第二天线围边13的口径大于或等于610毫米且小于或等于640毫米，第一天线围边12的顶端与第二天线围边13的底端之间的距离小于或等于250毫米且大于或等于270毫米。例如，当第一天线围边12或第二天线围边13的口径为0.6米，第一天线围边12的顶端与第二天线围边13的底端之间的距离为260毫米时，可以满足ETSI定义的Class 4(C4)级别。Optionally, the diameter of the first antenna enclosure 12 or the second antenna enclosure 13 is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna enclosure 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure 13 are different The distance between them is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm. For example, when the diameter of the first antenna rim 12 or the second antenna rim 13 is 0.6 meters, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna rim 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna rim 13 is 260 mm, Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.
可选的，第一天线围边12和/或第二天线围边13的内壁上可以设置有吸波层。本实施例对于吸波层的材料和厚度不做限定。例如，吸波层的厚度可以为10毫米或者15毫米。Optionally, the inner wall of the first antenna enclosure 12 and/or the second antenna enclosure 13 may be provided with a wave absorbing layer. This embodiment does not limit the material and thickness of the wave absorbing layer. For example, the thickness of the wave absorbing layer may be 10 mm or 15 mm.
通过设置吸波层，进一步抑制了天线远区旁瓣电平值。By setting the absorbing layer, the level of the side lobe in the far area of the antenna is further suppressed.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于主反射面14曲线的形状和具体尺寸不做限定，只要适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段即可。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the shape and specific size of the curve of the main reflecting surface 14 as long as it is applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.
通常，主反射面14曲线的形状可以由主反射面14的焦径比和主反射面14的偏移量确定。其中，偏移量用于指示主反射面14焦点横向偏移程度。如上所述，主反射面14的焦径比可以大于或等于0.15且小于或等于0.18。可选的，主反射面14的偏移量可以大于或等于3毫米且小于或等于6毫米。例如，主反射面14的曲线方程可以表示为(x-off) 2＝4*f*z。其中，x、z表示主反射面的曲线的坐标值，off表示主反射面的偏移量，f表示主反射面的焦距。本实施例对于f、off、f D的具体取值不做限定。例如，off＝4mm，f D＝0.16。 Generally, the shape of the curve of the main reflection surface 14 can be determined by the focal diameter ratio of the main reflection surface 14 and the offset of the main reflection surface 14. The offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral offset of the focal point of the main reflecting surface 14. As described above, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18. Optionally, the offset of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm. For example, the curve equation of the main reflecting surface 14 can be expressed as (x-off) 2 =4*f*z. Among them, x and z represent the coordinate values of the curve of the main reflection surface, off represents the offset of the main reflection surface, and f represents the focal length of the main reflection surface. This embodiment does not limit the specific values of f, off, and f D. For example, off=4mm, f D =0.16.
本实施例提供一种天线，包括：天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天线围边、主反射面和馈源组件。其中，主反射面适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。天线罩设置在第一天线围边的顶端，第一天线围边与第二天线围边连接，第二天线围边与主反射面连接，主反射面的底部的中心贯穿设置有馈源组件。第一天线围边与第二天线围边均为圆柱面且口径相同。天线的抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度。本实施例提供的天线，第一天线围边和第二天线围边为可拆卸的独立部件。通过增加或拆除第一天线围边，可以实现不同干扰等级的微波天线，降低了更换天线的成本，提高了天线的通 用性。This embodiment provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflection surface, and a feed component. Among them, the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. The radome is arranged at the top of the first antenna enclosure, the first antenna enclosure is connected with the second antenna enclosure, the second antenna enclosure is connected with the main reflecting surface, and the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface is provided with a feed component through. The first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical and have the same caliber. The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. In the antenna provided in this embodiment, the first antenna enclosure and the second antenna enclosure are detachable independent components. By adding or removing the periphery of the first antenna, microwave antennas with different interference levels can be realized, which reduces the cost of antenna replacement and improves the versatility of the antenna.
本申请实施例还提供一种馈源组件，所述馈源组件可以应用于图1～图5所示实施例提供的天线中。An embodiment of the present application also provides a feed component, which may be applied to the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
图6为本申请实施例提供的馈源组件的结构示意图，图7为图6中区域A的放大示意图。如图6和图7所示，本实施例提供的馈源组件，可以包括：副反射面151、介质辐射头152、圆波导管153和馈源底座154。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed component provided by an embodiment of the application, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the feed component provided in this embodiment may include: a sub-reflecting surface 151, a dielectric radiating head 152, a circular waveguide 153 and a feed base 154.
其中，圆波导管153的一端插设在馈源底座154中，介质辐射头152的一端插设在圆波导管153的另一端中，介质辐射头152的另一端与副反射面151连接。One end of the circular waveguide 153 is inserted into the feed base 154, one end of the dielectric radiator 152 is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide 153, and the other end of the dielectric radiator 152 is connected to the sub-reflecting surface 151.
副反射面151包括底面1511和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面1512。其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面1512的连接处的口径相同。The secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes. Wherein, the calibers of the joints of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 are the same.
本实施例提供的馈源组件15，在结构上，包括自上而下依次连接且具有同一旋转轴的副反射面151、介质辐射头152、圆波导管153和馈源底座154。所述旋转轴也可以称为馈源组件15的中心轴线。其中，副反射面151采用赋形副反射面151。具体的，副反射面151包括底面1511和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面1512。副反射面151在从下到上的方向上开口逐渐增大。The feed assembly 15 provided in this embodiment has a structure including a secondary reflecting surface 151, a dielectric radiating head 152, a circular wave guide 153, and a feed base 154 connected sequentially from top to bottom and having the same rotation axis. The rotation axis may also be referred to as the central axis of the feed assembly 15. Among them, the secondary reflective surface 151 adopts a shaped secondary reflective surface 151. Specifically, the secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes. The secondary reflection surface 151 gradually increases in opening from the bottom to the top.
通过设置开口逐渐增大的赋形副反射面，可以引导电磁波往波导管两侧辐射，提升了辐射效果。By setting the shaped secondary reflecting surface with gradually increasing openings, electromagnetic waves can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于副反射面151包括的圆台型侧面1512的具体数量、每个圆台型侧面1512的高度不做限定。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 included in the sub-reflecting surface 151 and the height of each truncated cone-shaped side surface 1512.
可选的，圆台型侧面1512的数量可以大于或等于3且小于或等于6。例如，在图6和图7中，圆台型侧面1512的数量为4个。Optionally, the number of frustum-shaped side surfaces 1512 may be greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 6. For example, in FIGS. 6 and 7, the number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 is four.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于副反射面151的底面1511的形状不做限定。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the shape of the bottom surface 1511 of the secondary reflection surface 151.
可选的，副反射面151的底面1511可以为圆形平面。Optionally, the bottom surface 1511 of the secondary reflection surface 151 may be a circular plane.
通过设置副反射面的底面为平面，可以降低加工难度，提升了电镀精度。By setting the bottom surface of the secondary reflective surface as a flat surface, the processing difficulty can be reduced and the plating accuracy can be improved.
可选的，副反射面151上相邻的两个圆台型侧面1512的连接处可以通过倒角处理形成倒角。需要说明的是，本实施例对于倒角的尺寸不做限定。Optionally, the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 on the secondary reflective surface 151 may be chamfered by chamfering. It should be noted that the size of the chamfer is not limited in this embodiment.
可选的，倒角的半径可以大于或等于0.5毫米且小于或等于1毫米。通过倒角处理，可以提升加工质量。Optionally, the radius of the chamfer may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. Through chamfering, the processing quality can be improved.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于副反射面151、介质辐射头152、圆波导管153和馈源底座154的材质不做限定。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the materials of the sub-reflecting surface 151, the dielectric radiating head 152, the circular waveguide 153, and the feed base 154.
可选的，副反射面151可以为金属材质。Optionally, the secondary reflection surface 151 may be made of metal material.
可选的，副反射面151可以通过在介质辐射头152上与副反射面151连接的端面上喷涂金属粉末从而形成所述副反射面151。Optionally, the secondary reflective surface 151 may be formed by spraying metal powder on the end surface connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 on the dielectric radiating head 152.
可选的，介质辐射头152可以由介电常数稳定、损耗低、机械性能良好的介质材料形成，例如，可以为特氟龙、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯中的任意一种。Optionally, the dielectric radiating head 152 may be formed of a dielectric material with stable dielectric constant, low loss, and good mechanical properties, for example, it may be any one of Teflon, polystyrene, and polycarbonate.
可选的，圆波导管153可以选用导电性较强、热膨胀系数较小、成本较低的金属材料，例如，纯铜、合金铜、纯铝和压铸铝，等。可选的，圆波导管153的模式可以为TE11。Optionally, the circular waveguide 153 can be made of metal materials with strong conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, and low cost, for example, pure copper, alloy copper, pure aluminum, and die-cast aluminum. Optionally, the mode of the circular waveguide 153 may be TE11.
可选的，副反射面151的内表面上可以设置有保护层。Optionally, a protective layer may be provided on the inner surface of the secondary reflective surface 151.
其中，副反射面151的内表面是指副反射面151上朝向所述副反射面151的开口的一侧。通过设置保护层，可以防止副反射面的内表面受到腐蚀，从而为副反射面提供保护，提升了馈源组件的性能的稳定性。The inner surface of the secondary reflective surface 151 refers to the side of the secondary reflective surface 151 facing the opening of the secondary reflective surface 151. By providing the protective layer, the inner surface of the secondary reflective surface can be prevented from being corroded, thereby providing protection for the secondary reflective surface and improving the stability of the performance of the feed component.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于保护层的材质和厚度不做限定。例如，保护层可以为油性保护漆。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the material and thickness of the protective layer. For example, the protective layer may be an oil-based protective paint.
可选的，为了提升副反射面151与介质辐射头152之间连接的稳固性，介质辐射头152上与副反射面151连接的端面可以具有与副反射面151的形状匹配的端面。Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the connection between the secondary reflective surface 151 and the dielectric radiating head 152, the end surface of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 may have an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflective surface 151.
具体的，副反射面151包括底面1511和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面1512。相应的，介质辐射头152上与副反射面151连接的端面也具有底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面。其中，所述端面上的底面与底面1511的形状和尺寸可以相同。端面上圆台型侧面的数量与圆台型侧面1512的数量相同。端面上每个圆台型侧面的形状和尺寸与对应圆台型侧面1512的形状和尺寸可以相同。Specifically, the secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes. Correspondingly, the end surface of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflection surface 151 also has a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces with gradually increasing sizes. Wherein, the shape and size of the bottom surface of the end surface and the bottom surface 1511 may be the same. The number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces on the end surface is the same as the number of truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512. The shape and size of each truncated cone-shaped side surface on the end surface may be the same as the shape and size of the corresponding truncated cone-shaped side surface 1512.
可选的，介质辐射头152可以包括位于圆波导管153之外的外介质辐射头1521和位于圆波导管153的内部的内介质辐射头1522。外介质辐射头1521的侧面在从介质辐射头152的另一端至介质辐射头152的一端的方向上包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。Optionally, the dielectric radiating head 152 may include an outer dielectric radiating head 1521 located outside the circular waveguide 153 and an inner dielectric radiating head 1522 located inside the circular waveguide 153. The side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head 152 to one end of the dielectric radiating head 152.
具体的，介质辐射头152包括外介质辐射头1521和内介质辐射头1522。外介质辐射头1521位于圆波导管153之外，内介质辐射头1522***到圆波导管153的内部。外介质辐射头1521的侧面可以采用阶梯状赋形。在本实施例中，介质辐射头152上与圆波导管153连接的一端称为介质辐射头152的一端，介质辐射头152上与副反射面151连接的一端称为介质辐射头152的另一端。从介质辐射头152的另一端到介质辐射头152的一端的方向上，外介质辐射头1521的侧面包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。Specifically, the medium radiation head 152 includes an outer medium radiation head 1521 and an inner medium radiation head 1522. The outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is located outside the circular waveguide 153, and the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 is inserted into the circular waveguide 153. The side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 may be shaped like a step. In this embodiment, the end of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the circular waveguide 153 is called one end of the dielectric radiating head 152, and the end of the dielectric radiating head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 is called the other end of the dielectric radiating head 152 . From the other end of the dielectric radiating head 152 to one end of the dielectric radiating head 152, the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters.
通过将外介质辐射头采用的阶梯状赋形的直径先逐渐减小再逐渐增大，可以优化出满足特定要求的初级馈源辐射方向图。By gradually reducing the diameter of the step-shaped forming of the outer dielectric radiating head and then gradually increasing, the radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized.
可选的，内介质辐射头1522的侧面也可以采用阶梯状赋形。内介质辐射头1522的侧面可以包括多个直径不同的圆柱面。Optionally, the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 may also be shaped like a step. The side surface of the inner dielectric radiation head 1522 may include a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with different diameters.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于外介质辐射头1521的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量、每个圆柱面的深度和宽度不做限定，可以根据馈源辐射幅度和相位方向图的要求进行灵活设计。本实施例对于内介质辐射头1522的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量、每个圆柱面的深度和宽度不做限定，可以根据内介质辐射头1522与圆波导管153之间的固定要求、阻抗匹配要求等进行灵活设计。其中，圆柱面的深度也可以称为圆柱面的高度，是指圆柱面在轴线方向上的距离。圆柱面的宽度是指圆柱面在垂直于轴线方向上的距离，也可以通过圆柱面的内径、外径、口径等定义。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the number of cylindrical surfaces included on the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface, and it can be flexibly designed according to the requirements of the radiation amplitude and phase pattern of the feed. . In this embodiment, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface are not limited, and the fixing requirements and impedance matching between the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 and the circular waveguide 153 may be used. Flexible design is required. Among them, the depth of the cylindrical surface may also be referred to as the height of the cylindrical surface, which refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the axial direction. The width of the cylindrical surface refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and can also be defined by the inner diameter, outer diameter, and caliber of the cylindrical surface.
可选的，外介质辐射头1521的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量可以大于或等于6个且小于或等于12个。Optionally, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 may be greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
可选的，内外介质辐射头1521的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量可以大于或等于4个且小于或等于6个。Optionally, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner and outer dielectric radiation head 1521 may be greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6.
例如，在图6和图7中，外介质辐射头1521的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量为9个，内介质辐射头1522的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量为6个。For example, in FIGS. 6 and 7, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is nine, and the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 is six.
可选的，为了固定和密封圆波导管153，外介质辐射头1521的侧面中与圆波导管153距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于圆波导管153的直径。Optionally, in order to fix and seal the circular wave guide 153, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular wave guide 153 in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiator 1521 is larger than the diameter of the circular wave guide 153.
可选的，为了提升内介质辐射头1522与圆波导管153之间连接的稳固性，内介质辐射头1522的侧面中与外介质辐射头1521距离最近的圆柱面的外径等于或略大于圆波导管153的内径，以使所述与外介质辐射头1521距离最近的圆柱面的外壁与圆波导管153的内壁紧密接触。Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the connection between the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 and the circular waveguide 153, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522 that is closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is equal to or slightly larger than the circular The inner diameter of the waveguide 153 is such that the outer wall of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 is in close contact with the inner wall of the circular waveguide 153.
可选的，在内介质辐射头1522的侧面中与外介质辐射头1521距离最近的圆柱面的中间部位可以设置有胶槽。Optionally, a glue groove may be provided in the middle part of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer dielectric radiating head 1521 on the side surface of the inner dielectric radiating head 1522.
通过向所述胶槽中注入粘结剂，可以进一步提升内介质辐射头与圆波导管之间连接的稳固性。By injecting the adhesive into the glue tank, the stability of the connection between the inner dielectric radiating head and the circular waveguide can be further improved.
需要说明的是，本实施例对于粘结剂的实现方式不做限定。例如，可以为Super X8008黑胶。It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the implementation of the adhesive. For example, it can be Super X8008 vinyl.
本实施例提供一种馈源组件，包括：副反射面、介质辐射头、圆波导管和馈源底座。其中，圆波导管的一端插设在馈源底座中，介质辐射头的一端插设在圆波导管的另一端中，介质辐射头的另一端与副反射面连接。副反射面包括底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面。其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处的口径相同。本实施例提供的馈源组件，可以适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段。通过设置开口逐渐增大的赋形副反射面，可以引导电磁波往波导管两侧辐射，提升了辐射效果。This embodiment provides a feed source assembly, which includes: a secondary reflecting surface, a dielectric radiating head, a circular waveguide, and a feed base. Wherein, one end of the circular wave guide is inserted in the feed base, one end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted in the other end of the circular wave guide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflecting surface. The secondary reflecting surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces gradually increasing in size. Wherein, the caliber of the joint of two adjacent circular truncated side surfaces is the same. The feed component provided in this embodiment may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. By setting the shaped secondary reflecting surface with gradually increasing openings, electromagnetic waves can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, which improves the radiation effect.

Claims (26)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括：天线罩、第一天线围边、第二天线围边、主反射面和馈源组件；其中，所述主反射面适用于微波通信中的至少两个通信频段；An antenna, characterized by comprising: a radome, a first antenna enclosure, a second antenna enclosure, a main reflecting surface and a feed component; wherein the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communications in microwave communication Frequency band
    所述天线罩设置在所述第一天线围边的顶端，所述第一天线围边的底端与所述第二天线围边的顶端连接，所述第二天线围边的底端与所述主反射面的顶端连接，所述主反射面的底部的中心贯穿设置有所述馈源组件；所述第一天线围边与所述第二天线围边均为圆柱面且口径相同；The antenna cover is arranged at the top end of the first antenna enclosure, the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is connected to the top end of the second antenna enclosure, and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is connected to the The top end of the main reflection surface is connected, and the center of the bottom of the main reflection surface is provided with the feed component through; the first antenna periphery and the second antenna periphery are both cylindrical and have the same diameter;
    所述天线的抑制角度小于或等于40度；所述抑制角度为所述馈源组件的相位中心点和所述第一天线围边的顶端边缘的任意一点确定的直线与所述馈源组件的中心轴线之间的夹角。The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees; the suppression angle is the line determined by any point between the phase center point of the feed component and the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the feed component The angle between the center axes.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述抑制角度小于或等于第一预设角度且大于或等于第二预设角度；所述第一预设角度大于或等于30度且小于或等于40度，所述第二预设角度大于或等于30度且小于或等于35度。The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the suppression angle is less than or equal to a first preset angle and greater than or equal to a second preset angle; the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or Equal to 40 degrees, the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一天线围边的底端嵌设在所述第二天线围边的顶端。The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the first antenna enclosure is embedded in the top end of the second antenna enclosure.
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第二天线围边的高度小于或等于35毫米且大于或等于25毫米。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the height of the periphery of the second antenna is less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一天线围边或所述第二天线围边的口径大于或等于340毫米且小于或等于380毫米，所述第一天线围边的顶端与所述第二天线围边的底端之间的距离小于或等于180毫米且大于或等于160毫米。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aperture of the first antenna enclosure or the second antenna enclosure is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, and the first antenna The distance between the top end of an antenna enclosure and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一天线围边或所述第二天线围边的口径大于或等于610毫米且小于或等于640毫米，所述第一天线围边的顶端与所述第二天线围边的底端之间的距离小于或等于250毫米且大于或等于270毫米。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aperture of the first antenna edge or the second antenna edge is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the first antenna The distance between the top end of an antenna enclosure and the bottom end of the second antenna enclosure is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.
  7. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线罩的上表面和下表面均为平面。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome are both flat.
  8. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线罩的厚度大于或等于25毫米且小于或等于35毫米。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the radome is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.
  9. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述主反射面的焦径比大于或等于0.15且小于或等于0.18，所述主反射面的偏移量大于或等于3毫米且小于或等于6毫米；其中，所述焦径比为所述主反射面的顶端边缘的口径与所述主反射面的焦距的比值，所述偏移量用于指示所述主反射面焦点横向偏移程度。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the focal diameter ratio of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18, and the offset of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 3. Mm and less than or equal to 6 mm; wherein the focal diameter ratio is the ratio of the diameter of the top edge of the main reflecting surface to the focal length of the main reflecting surface, and the offset is used to indicate the main reflecting surface The degree of focus lateral shift.
  10. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一天线围边和/或所述第二天线围边的内壁上设置有吸波层。The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a wave absorbing layer is provided on the inner wall of the first antenna enclosure and/or the second antenna enclosure.
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述馈源组件包括副反射面、介质辐射头、圆波导管和馈源底座；所述圆波导管的一端插设在所述馈源底座中，所述介质辐射头的一端插设在所述圆波导管的另一端中，所述介质辐射头的另 一端与所述副反射面连接；The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the feed component includes a sub-reflecting surface, a dielectric radiator, a circular wave guide and a feed base; one end of the circular wave guide is inserted in In the feed base, one end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflecting surface;
    所述副反射面包括底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面；其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处的口径相同。The sub-reflecting surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped side surfaces with gradually increasing sizes; wherein the diameters of the joints of two adjacent frustum-shaped side surfaces are the same.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的天线，其特征在于，所述底面为圆形平面。The antenna according to claim 11, wherein the bottom surface is a circular plane.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的天线，其特征在于，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处通过倒角处理形成倒角。The antenna according to claim 11, wherein the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的天线，其特征在于，所述倒角的半径大于或等于0.5毫米且小于或等于1毫米。The antenna according to claim 13, wherein the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的天线，其特征在于，所述介质辐射头的另一端具有与所述副反射面的形状匹配的端面。The antenna according to claim 11, wherein the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflection surface.
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的天线，其特征在于，所述介质辐射头包括位于所述圆波导管之外的外介质辐射头和位于所述圆波导管的内部的内介质辐射头；The antenna according to claim 11, wherein the dielectric radiating head comprises an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide;
    所述外介质辐射头的侧面在从所述介质辐射头的另一端至所述介质辐射头的一端的方向上包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。The side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的天线，其特征在于，所述外介质辐射头的侧面中与所述圆波导管距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于所述圆波导管的直径。The antenna according to claim 16, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的天线，其特征在于，所述外介质辐射头的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量大于或等于6个且小于或等于12个。The antenna according to claim 16, wherein the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
  19. 一种馈源组件，其特征在于，包括：副反射面、介质辐射头、圆波导管和馈源底座；所述圆波导管的一端插设在所述馈源底座中，所述介质辐射头的一端插设在所述圆波导管的另一端中，所述介质辐射头的另一端与所述副反射面连接；A feed source assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a secondary reflecting surface, a dielectric radiating head, a circular wave guide and a feed base; one end of the circular wave guide is inserted into the feed base, and the dielectric radiating head One end of is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the secondary reflecting surface;
    所述副反射面包括圆形的底面和多个同心设置的尺寸逐渐增大的圆台型侧面；其中，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处的口径相同。The secondary reflection surface includes a circular bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces with gradually increasing sizes; wherein the diameter of the joint of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces is the same.
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述底面为圆形平面。The feed assembly of claim 19, wherein the bottom surface is a circular plane.
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，相邻的两个圆台型侧面的连接处通过倒角处理形成倒角。The feed assembly according to claim 19, wherein the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述倒角的半径大于或等于0.5毫米且小于或等于1毫米。The feed assembly of claim 21, wherein the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
  23. 根据权利要求19至22任一项所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述介质辐射头的另一端具有与所述副反射面的形状匹配的端面。The feed assembly according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the other end of the dielectric radiating head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflection surface.
  24. 根据权利要求19至22任一项所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述介质辐射头包括位于所述圆波导管之外的外介质辐射头和位于所述圆波导管的内部的内介质辐射头；The feed assembly according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the dielectric radiating head includes an outer dielectric radiating head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiating head located inside the circular waveguide. Dielectric radiation head
    所述外介质辐射头的侧面在从所述介质辐射头的另一端至所述介质辐射头的一端的方向上包括多个直径逐渐减小的圆柱面以及多个直径逐渐增大的圆柱面。The side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the dielectric radiating head to one end of the dielectric radiating head.
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述外介质辐射头的侧面中与所述圆波导管距离最近的圆柱面的直径大于所述圆波导管的直径。The feed assembly according to claim 24, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide.
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的馈源组件，其特征在于，所述外介质辐射头的侧面包括的圆柱面的数量大于或等于6个且小于或等于12个。The feed assembly according to claim 24, wherein the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer dielectric radiating head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.
PCT/CN2020/092369 2019-05-31 2020-05-26 Antenna and feed source assembly WO2020238909A1 (en)

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