WO2020223896A1 - 显示面板、显示装置和车载装置 - Google Patents

显示面板、显示装置和车载装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020223896A1
WO2020223896A1 PCT/CN2019/085828 CN2019085828W WO2020223896A1 WO 2020223896 A1 WO2020223896 A1 WO 2020223896A1 CN 2019085828 W CN2019085828 W CN 2019085828W WO 2020223896 A1 WO2020223896 A1 WO 2020223896A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
light
liquid crystal
substrate
display panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/085828
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马涛
刘胜利
刘融
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN201980000584.3A priority Critical patent/CN110268315A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/085828 priority patent/WO2020223896A1/zh
Priority to US16/958,290 priority patent/US11269213B2/en
Publication of WO2020223896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020223896A1/zh

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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel, a display device, and a vehicle-mounted device.
  • the pixel electrode and the common electrode in the liquid crystal display device generate an electric field to drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to deflect. Therefore, light can pass through the liquid crystal layer, which is convenient for users to view corresponding information.
  • the electric field between the pixel electrode and the common electrode disappears, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer return to the initial state. At this time, light cannot pass through the liquid crystal layer.
  • the inventor has noticed that when the liquid crystal display device is used as an in-vehicle device, due to the limited space in the vehicle, users usually expect the liquid crystal display device to have the function of a mirror without displaying.
  • the liquid crystal display device when the liquid crystal display device is closed, the liquid crystal display device is in a black screen state, the reflectance of the liquid crystal display device is low, and the mirror reflection function cannot be provided.
  • the present disclosure proposes a solution that can adjust the reflectance of the liquid crystal display device, so that the liquid crystal display device can have a specular reflection function when the liquid crystal display device is not performing display.
  • a display panel including: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer is filled between the first substrate and the second substrate; pixel electrodes And a common electrode configured to generate an electric field for controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer; a light reflectance adjustment layer is provided on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, wherein the The light reflectance of the light reflectance adjusting layer is in an inverse relationship with the intensity of the environmental electric field.
  • the light reflectance adjusting layer includes: an ion storage layer and an electrochromic layer disposed opposite to each other; and an ion conductive layer disposed between the ion storage layer and the electrochromic layer.
  • the material of the electrochromic layer includes at least one of WO 3 , MoO 3 , TiO 2 , IrO 2 , NiO, Co 3 O 4 or Mg-Ni.
  • the light reflectance adjustment layer further includes: a first transparent electrode disposed on a side of the ion storage layer away from the ion conductive layer; a second transparent electrode disposed on the electroconductive layer The side of the color changing layer away from the ion conductive layer.
  • the display panel further includes: an electrical connection member configured to electrically connect the first transparent electrode and the pixel electrode; and the second transparent electrode is grounded.
  • the pixel electrode is disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; the common electrode is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
  • the pixel electrode and the common electrode are disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
  • the display panel further includes: an insulating layer disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer; the pixel electrode is disposed on a side of the insulating layer close to the liquid crystal layer; The common electrode is arranged on a side of the insulating layer close to the first substrate.
  • the display panel further includes: a first light-transmitting layer disposed between the second substrate and the light reflectivity adjustment layer; a second light-transmitting layer disposed on the first transparent layer The side of the optical layer close to the light reflectance adjustment layer, wherein the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate and less than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer, so The thickness of the first light-transmitting layer is an integer multiple of a quarter wavelength of the light incident on the first light-transmitting layer.
  • the display panel further includes: a first polarizer arranged on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; a second polarizer arranged on a side of the light reflectance adjustment layer away from the liquid crystal layer.
  • the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction of the second polarizer.
  • the display panel further includes: a color film layer, which is disposed on a side of the second polarizer close to the light reflectance adjustment layer.
  • the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is perpendicular to the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer.
  • a display device including the display panel as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • a vehicle-mounted device including: the display device as described in any of the above embodiments, mounted on a movable bracket.
  • the movable bracket is arranged between the center console position and the co-pilot position.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light reflectance adjusting layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light reflectance adjusting layer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electric field generated in a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display panel includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 disposed oppositely, and a liquid crystal layer 2 is filled between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12.
  • the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32 are configured to generate an electric field for controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 2.
  • the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 2, and the light reflectance of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is in an inverse relationship with the intensity of the environmental electric field.
  • the material of the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32 includes ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or other transparent conductive materials.
  • a light reflectance adjustment layer 5 is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 2.
  • the light reflectance of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 has an inverse correlation with the intensity of the environmental electric field. In the case where the intensity of the environmental electric field is large, the reflectance of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is small, and the corresponding transmittance is large, so that light can pass through the display panel. However, when the intensity of the environmental electric field is small, the reflectance of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is relatively large, and the corresponding transmittance is relatively small, so that the display panel can provide a specular reflection function.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light reflectivity adjusting layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light reflectance adjusting layer includes an ion storage layer 51 and an electrochromic layer 52 that are disposed oppositely.
  • the ion conductive layer 53 is provided between the ion storage layer 51 and the electrochromic layer 52.
  • the ions for example, H + , Li + , Na + plasma
  • the ion conductive layer 53 is a transmission channel for ions.
  • the material of the ion conductive layer 53 may include an all-solid polymer electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, or a composite polymer electrolyte.
  • the material of the electrochromic layer 52 includes at least one of WO 3 , MoO 3 , TiO 2 , IrO 2 , NiO, Co 3 O 4 or magnesium-nickel alloy Mg-Ni.
  • the ions will react with the reactive material in the electrochromic layer 52 to generate new compounds.
  • the newly generated compound has higher transmittance and lower reflectance, so it is convenient for light to pass through the light reflectance adjusting layer.
  • the compounds generated in the electrochromic layer 52 are decomposed into corresponding ions and reactive materials. Since the reflectivity of the reactive material itself is relatively high, the display panel can provide a specular reflection function.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light reflectivity adjusting layer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 2 is that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the light reflectance adjustment layer further includes a first transparent electrode 54 and a second transparent electrode 55.
  • the first transparent electrode 54 is disposed on the side of the ion storage layer 51 away from the ion conductive layer 53.
  • the second transparent electrode 55 is disposed on the side of the electrochromic layer 52 away from the ion conductive layer.
  • the material of the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 includes ITO or other transparent conductive materials.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is controlled by the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32.
  • the display panel further includes an insulating layer 4.
  • the insulating layer 4 is provided between the first substrate 11 and the liquid crystal layer 2.
  • the pixel electrode 31 is disposed on the side of the insulating layer 4 close to the liquid crystal layer 2, and the common electrode 32 is disposed on the side of the insulating layer 4 close to the first substrate 11.
  • the pixel electrode 31 is a slit electrode
  • the common electrode 32 is a planar electrode.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between FIG. 4 and FIG. 1 is that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the display panel further includes a first polarizer 61 and a second polarizer 62.
  • the first polarizer 61 is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 away from the liquid crystal layer 2.
  • the second polarizer 62 is disposed on the side of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 away from the second substrate 12.
  • the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 61 and the light transmission axis direction of the second polarizer 62 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the direction of the light transmission axis of the polarizer is the direction of the light vector that can pass through the polarizer.
  • the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 61. Therefore, when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32, light cannot pass through the liquid crystal layer, and the display panel cannot perform display. In addition, no electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32. In this case, the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 is small, which results in a large reflectance of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5. As a result, the display panel can provide a specular reflection function without displaying.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electric field generated in a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between FIG. 6 and FIG. 4 is that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the display panel further includes an electrical connector 7.
  • the electrical connector 7 is configured to electrically connect the pixel electrode 31 and the first transparent electrode 54 in the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 is grounded.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 consists of the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32, and the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 54 in the light reflectance adjusting layer 5.
  • the transparent electrodes 55 are controlled in common.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 may also be controlled only by the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between FIG. 7 and FIG. 6 is that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the pixel electrode 31 is arranged on the side of the first substrate 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 2, and the common electrode 32 is arranged on the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer.
  • the pixel electrode 31 is arranged on the side of the first substrate 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 2
  • the common electrode 32 is arranged on the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer.
  • the electric field between the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32 does not affect the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 is controlled only by the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectivity adjusting layer 5 is controlled by the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32, and no other leads are required, so the frame of the display device can be reduced.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 is jointly controlled by the pixel electrode 31 and the common electrode 32, and the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer 5 is jointly controlled by the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjustment layer 5. Since the first transparent electrode 54 and the second transparent electrode 55 in the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 can provide a stronger electric field, a better control effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between FIG. 8 and FIG. 4 is that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the display panel further includes a first light-transmitting layer 81 and a second light-transmitting layer 82.
  • the first light-transmitting layer 81 is provided between the second substrate 12 and the light reflectance adjusting layer 5.
  • the second light-transmitting layer 82 is disposed on the side of the first light-transmitting layer 81 close to the light reflectance adjusting layer 5.
  • the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 81 is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate 12 and smaller than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer 82, and the thickness of the first light-transmitting layer 81 is equal to the light incident into the first light-transmitting layer 81 Integer multiples of a quarter wavelength.
  • the light When light passes through the second substrate 12, the first light-transmitting layer 81, and the second light-transmitting layer 82 in sequence, the light generates reflected light n1 when it enters the first light-transmitting layer 81 from the second substrate 12, and the light When the first transmissive layer 81 enters the second transmissive layer 82, reflected light n2 is generated.
  • the refractive index of the second substrate 12 is less than the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 81, and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 81 is less than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer 82, if the reflected light n1 and n2 satisfy the interference
  • a is a natural number
  • d is the thickness of the first transparent layer 81
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of light.
  • a color film layer 9 is further included in the display panel.
  • the color film layer 9 is arranged on the side of the second polarizer 62 close to the light reflectance adjustment layer 5.
  • the display panel can display color images.
  • the first light-transmitting layer 91 may also be provided between the second substrate 12 and the light reflectivity adjusting layer 5.
  • a second light-transmitting layer 92 is provided on one side of the light reflectance adjusting layer 5 to enhance the intensity of transmitted light.
  • a color film layer 9 can also be provided on the side of the second polarizer 62 close to the light reflectance adjustment layer 5, so that the display panel can display color images.
  • the present disclosure also provides a display device.
  • the display device includes a display panel related to any one of the embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • the display device can be any product or component with a display function, such as a display, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc.
  • the present disclosure also provides an in-vehicle device.
  • the vehicle-mounted device includes the display device involved in any of the above embodiments.
  • the display device is installed on a movable bracket.
  • the movable bracket is disposed between the center console position and the co-pilot position. So that when the display device in the vehicle-mounted device provides the mirror reflection function, the user can make corresponding observations through the display device.
  • the display device provided by the present disclosure has a light reflectivity of not less than 80% without displaying.
  • the display device can effectively provide the user with a mirror reflection function.
  • the environmental electric field of the light reflectance adjustment layer can be controlled by the pixel electrode and the common electrode used to control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules, and can be controlled by the first transparent electrode and the common electrode in the light reflectance adjustment layer.
  • the second transparent electrode can also be controlled by the pixel electrode and the common electrode for controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules, and the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in the light reflectance adjustment layer. The user can select the corresponding electric field control method according to the needs.
  • the display panel provided by the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch) mode, IPS (In Plane Switching, plane switching) mode, TN (Twisted Nematic, twisted nematic) mode or VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical orientation) mode.
  • ADS Advanced Super Dimension Switch
  • IPS In Plane Switching, plane switching
  • TN Transmission Nematic, twisted nematic
  • VA Vertical Alignment, vertical orientation

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Abstract

一种显示面板、显示装置和车载装置，显示面板包括：相对设置的第一基板（11）和第二基板（12），在第一基板（11）和第二基板（12）之间填充有液晶层（2）；像素电极（31）和公共电极（32），被配置为产生用于控制液晶层（2）中的液晶分子发生偏转的电场；光反射率调节层（5），设置在第二基板（12）的远离液晶层（2）的一侧，其中光反射率调节层（5）的光反射率与环境电场的强度成反相关关系，能够使显示面板在不进行显示的情况下提供镜面反射功能。

Description

显示面板、显示装置和车载装置 技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种显示面板、显示装置和车载装置。
背景技术
在相关技术中，在用户开启液晶显示装置后，液晶显示装置中的像素电极和公共电极产生电场，驱动液晶层中的液晶分子发生偏转。由此光线能够穿过液晶层，便于用户观看相应信息。在用户关闭液晶显示装置后，像素电极和公共电极之间的电场消失，液晶层中的液晶分子恢复到初始状态。此时光线不能穿过液晶层。
发明内容
发明人注意到，在液晶显示装置作为车载设备的情况下，由于车内空间有限，用户通常希望液晶显示装置在不进行显示的情况下能够具有反射镜的功能。但是在现有技术中，在液晶显示装置关闭的情况下，液晶显示装置呈黑屏状态，液晶显示装置的反射率较低，无法提供镜面反射功能。
据此，本公开提出一种能够对液晶显示装置的反射率进行调节的方案，以便在液晶显示装置在不进行显示的情况下能够具有镜面反射功能。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供一种显示面板，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间填充有液晶层；像素电极和公共电极，被配置为产生用于控制所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生偏转的电场；光反射率调节层，设置在所述第二基板的远离所述液晶层的一侧，其中所述光反射率调节层的光反射率与环境电场的强度成反相关关系。
在一些实施例中，所述光反射率调节层包括：相对设置的离子存储层和电致变色层；离子导电层，设置在所述离子存储层和电致变色层之间。
在一些实施例中，所述电致变色层的材料包括WO 3、MoO 3、TiO 2、IrO 2、NiO、Co 3O 4或Mg-Ni中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，所述光反射率调节层还包括：第一透明电极，设置在所述离子存储层的远离所述离子导电层的一侧；第二透明电极，设置在所述电致变色层的远离所述离子导电层的一侧。
在一些实施例中，显示面板还包括：电连接件，被配置为将所述第一透明电极与所述像素电极电连接；所述第二透明电极接地。
在一些实施例中，所述像素电极设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；所述公共电极设置在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述像素电极和所述公共电极设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧。
在一些实施例中，显示面板还包括：绝缘层，设置在所述第一基板和所述液晶层之间；所述像素电极设置在所述绝缘层的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；所述公共电极设置在所述绝缘层的靠近所述第一基板的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述显示面板还包括：第一透光层，设置在所述第二基板和所述光反射率调节层之间；第二透光层，设置在所述第一透光层的靠近所述光反射率调节层的一侧，其中所述第一透光层的折射率大于所述第二基板的折射率，且小于所述第二透光层的折射率，所述第一透光层的厚度为入射到所述第一透光层中的光线的四分之一波长的整数倍。
在一些实施例中，显示面板还包括：第一偏振片，设置在所述第一基板的远离所述液晶层的一侧；第二偏振片，设置在所述光反射率调节层的远离所述第二基板的一侧，其中所述第一偏振片的光透过轴方向和所述第二偏振片的光透过轴方向垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述显示面板还包括：彩膜层，设置在所述第二偏振片的靠近所述光反射率调节层的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶层中的液晶分子的初始取向与所述第一偏振片的光透过轴方向垂直。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供一种显示装置，包括如上述任一实施例所述的显示面板。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供一种车载装置，包括：如上述任一实施例所述的显示装置，安装在可移动支架上。
在一些实施例中，所述可移动支架设置在中央控制台位置与副驾驶位置之间。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本公开的实施例，并且连同说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
参照附图，根据下面的详细描述，可以更加清楚地理解本公开，其中：
图1是根据本公开一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开一个实施例的光反射率调节层的结构示意图；
图3是根据本公开另一个实施例的光反射率调节层的结构示意图；
图4是根据本公开另一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；
图5是根据本公开一个实施例的显示面板中所产生电场的示意图；
图6是根据本公开另一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；
图7是根据本公开又一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；
图8是根据本公开又一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。
应当明白，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。此外，相同或类似的参考标号表示相同或类似的构件。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。对示例性实施例的描述仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。本公开可以以许多不同的形式实现，不限于这里所述的实施例。提供这些实施例是为了使本公开透彻且完整，并且向本领域技术人员充分表达本公开的范围。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、材料的组分和数值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。
本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指在该词前的要素涵盖在该词后列举的要素，并不排除也涵盖其他要素的可能。
本公开使用的所有术语(包括技术术语或者科学术语)与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员理解的含义相同，除非另外特别定义。还应当理解，在诸如通用字典中定义的术语应当被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义相一致的含义，而不应用理想化或极度形式化的意义来解释，除非这里明确地这样定义。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
图1是根据本公开一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。
如图1所示，显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板11和第二基板12，在第一基板11和第二基板12之间填充有液晶层2。像素电极31和公共电极32被配置为产生用于控制液晶层2中的液晶分子发生偏转的电场。光反射率调节层5设置在第二基板12的远离液晶层2的一侧，光反射率调节层5的光反射率与环境电场的强度成反相关关系。
在一些实施例中，像素电极31和公共电极32的材料包括ITO(氧化铟锡)或其它透明导电材料。
在本公开上述实施例提供的显示面板中，在第二基板12的远离液晶层2的一侧设置有光反射率调节层5。光反射率调节层5的光反射率与环境电场的强度成反相关关系。在环境电场的强度较大的情况下，光反射率调节层5的反射率较小，相应的透射率较大，以便光线穿过显示面板。而在环境电场的强度较小的情况下，光反射率调节层5的反射率较大，相应的透射率较小，以便显示面板提供镜面反射功能。
图2是根据本公开一个实施例的光反射率调节层的结构示意图。
如图2所示，光反射率调节层包括相对设置的离子存储层51和电致变色层52。离子导电层53设置在离子存储层51和电致变色层52之间。在环境电场的作用下，离子存储层51中的离子(例如，H +、Li +、Na +等离子)会通过离子导电层53进入电致变色层52中。离子导电层53是离子的传输通道。离子导电层53的材料可包括全固态聚合物电解质、凝胶聚合物电解质或复合型聚合物电解质。电致变色层52的材料包括WO 3、MoO 3、TiO 2、IrO 2、NiO、Co 3O 4或镁镍合金Mg-Ni中的至少一种。
这里需要说明的是，在离子进入电致变色层52后，离子会与电致变色层52中的反应材料进行反应，从而生成新的化合物。新生成的化合物透过率较高，且反射率较低，因此便于光线穿过光反射率调节层。在环境电场强度减小后，电致变色层52中所生成的化合物又进行分解为相应的离子和反应材料。由于反应材料自身的反射率较高，因此显示面板能够提供镜面反射功能。
图3是根据本公开另一个实施例的光反射率调节层的结构示意图。图3与图2的不同之处在于，在图3所示实施例中，光反射率调节层还包括第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55。
第一透明电极54设置在离子存储层51的远离离子导电层53的一侧。第二透明电极55设置在电致变色层52的远离离子导电层的一侧。通过给第一透明电极54和 第二透明电极55施加电压，在第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55之间产生电场，以便对电致变色层52的环境电场进行控制。
在一些实施例中，第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55的材料包括ITO或其它透明导电材料。
在一些实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场由像素电极31和公共电极32控制。
如图1所示，显示面板还包括绝缘层4。绝缘层4设置在第一基板11和液晶层2之间。像素电极31设置在绝缘层4的靠近液晶层2的一侧，公共电极32设置在绝缘层4的靠近第一基板11的一侧。
在一些实施例中，像素电极31为狭缝电极，公共电极32为面状电极。
图4是根据本公开另一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。图4与图1的不同之处在于，在图4所示实施例中，显示面板还包括第一偏振片61和第二偏振片62。
第一偏振片61设置在第一基板11的远离液晶层2的一侧。第二偏振片62设置在光反射率调节层5的远离第二基板12的一侧。第一偏振片61的光透过轴方向和第二偏振片62的光透过轴方向垂直。偏振片的光透过轴方向是能够通过该偏振片的光矢量的方向。
在一些实施例中，液晶层2中的液晶分子的初始取向与第一偏振片61的光透过轴方向垂直。因此在未给像素电极31和公共电极32施加电压的情况下，光线不能穿过液晶层，显示面板不能进行显示。此外，像素电极31和公共电极32之间未形成电场。在这种情况下，光反射率调节层5的环境电场较小，从而导致光反射率调节层5的反射率较大。由此，显示面板在不进行显示的情况下，能够提供镜面反射功能。
图5是根据本公开一个实施例的显示面板中所产生电场的示意图。
如图5所示，在给像素电极31和公共电极32施加电压的情况下，像素电极31和公共电极32之间形成电场，导致液晶层中的液晶分子发生偏转，从而光线能够穿过液晶层。此外，像素电极31和公共电极32之间形成的电场会对光反射率调节层5产生影响。在这种情况下，光反射率调节层5的环境电场增大，从而导致光反射率调节层5的反射率减小，透射率增加，从而便于显示面板提供显示功能。
图6是根据本公开另一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。图6与图4的不同之处在于，在图6所示实施例中，显示面板还包括电连接件7。
电连接件7被配置为将像素电极31与光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54电 连接。此外，光反射率调节层5中的第二透明电极55接地。
这里需要说明的是，在图6所示实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场由像素电极31和公共电极32，以及光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55共同控制。
在一些实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场还可仅由光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55控制。
图7是根据本公开又一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。图7与图6的不同之处在于，在图7所示实施例中，像素电极31设置在第一基板11的靠近液晶层2的一侧，公共电极32设置在第二基板12的靠近液晶层2的一侧。
在图7所示实施例中，像素电极31和公共电极32之间的电场并不会对光反射率调节层5造成影响。光反射率调节层5的环境电场仅由光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55控制。
这里需要说明的是，在图1所示实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场由像素电极31和公共电极32控制，无需设置其它引线，因此可减小显示设备的边框。在图6所示实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场由像素电极31和公共电极32，以及光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55共同控制。在图7所示实施例中，光反射率调节层5的环境电场由光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55共同控制。由于光反射率调节层5中的第一透明电极54和第二透明电极55能够提供更强的电场，因此能够得到更好的控制效果。
图8是根据本公开又一个实施例的显示面板的结构示意图。图8与图4的不同之处在于，在图8所示实施例中，显示面板还包括第一透光层81和第二透光层82。
第一透光层81设置在第二基板12和光反射率调节层5之间。第二透光层82设置在第一透光层81的靠近光反射率调节层5的一侧。第一透光层81的折射率大于第二基板12的折射率，且小于第二透光层82的折射率，第一透光层81的厚度为入射到第一透光层81中的光线的四分之一波长的整数倍。
在光线依次穿过第二基板12、第一透光层81和第二透光层82的情况下，光线在从第二基板12进入第一透光层81时产生反射光n1，光线在从第一透射层81进入第二透光层82时产生反射光n2。在第二基板12的折射率小于第一透光层81的折射率，第一透光层81的折射率小于第二透光层82的折射率的情况下，若反射光n1和n2满足干涉相消条件，即2d＝(2a+1)λ/2，则反射光n1和n2相消，从而可加强透射光的强 度。在上式中，a为自然数，d为第一透光层81的厚度，λ为光线波长。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，在显示面板中还包括彩膜层9。彩膜层9设置在第二偏振片62的靠近光反射率调节层5的一侧。通过设置彩膜层9，能够使显示面板显示彩色图像。
这里需要说明的是，在图6和图7所示实施例中，也可在第二基板12和光反射率调节层5之间设置第一透光层91，在第一透光层91的靠近光反射率调节层5的一侧设置第二透光层92，以加强透射光的强度。还可在第二偏振片62的靠近光反射率调节层5的一侧设置彩膜层9，能够使显示面板显示彩色图像。
本公开还提供一种显示装置。显示装置包括如图1至图8中任一实施例涉及的显示面板。该显示装置可以为显示器、手机、平板电脑、电视机、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本公开还提供一种车载装置。车载装置包括上述任一实施例涉及的显示装置。显示装置安装在可移动支架上。在一些实施例中，该可移动支架设置在中央控制台位置与副驾驶位置之间。以便在车载装置中的显示装置提供镜面反射功能的情况下，用户可通过该显示装置进行相应的观察。
经过测试，本公开所提供的显示装置在不进行显示的情况下，所具有的光反射率不小于80％。在显示装置用作车载设备的情况下，能够有效地为用户提供镜面反射功能。
在本公开上述实施例所提供的显示面板中，光反射率调节层的环境电场可由用于控制液晶分子偏转的像素电极和公共电极进行控制，可由光反射率调节层中的第一透明电极和第二透明电极进行控制，还可由用于控制液晶分子偏转的像素电极和公共电极、以及光反射率调节层中的第一透明电极和第二透明电极共同进行控制。用户可根据需要选择对应的电场控制方式。
本公开上述实施例所提供的显示面板可用于ADS(Advanced Super Dimension Switch，高级超维场转换)模式、IPS(In Plane Switching，平面转换)模式，TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲向列)模式或者VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直取向)模式。
至此，已经详细描述了本公开的实施例。为了避免遮蔽本公开的构思，没有描述本领域所公知的一些细节。本领域技术人员根据上面的描述，完全可以明白如何实施这里公开的技术方案。
虽然已经通过示例对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括：
    相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间填充有液晶层；
    像素电极和公共电极，被配置为产生用于控制所述液晶层中的液晶分子发生偏转的电场；
    光反射率调节层，设置在所述第二基板的远离所述液晶层的一侧，其中所述光反射率调节层的光反射率与环境电场的强度成反相关关系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述光反射率调节层包括：
    相对设置的离子存储层和电致变色层；
    离子导电层，设置在所述离子存储层和电致变色层之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述电致变色层的材料包括WO 3、MoO 3、TiO 2、IrO 2、NiO、Co 3O 4或Mg-Ni中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述光反射率调节层还包括：
    第一透明电极，设置在所述离子存储层的远离所述离子导电层的一侧；
    第二透明电极，设置在所述电致变色层的远离所述离子导电层的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示面板，还包括：
    电连接件，被配置为将所述第一透明电极与所述像素电极电连接；
    所述第二透明电极接地。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述像素电极设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；
    所述公共电极设置在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述像素电极和所述公共电极设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示面板，还包括：
    绝缘层，设置在所述第一基板和所述液晶层之间；
    所述像素电极设置在所述绝缘层的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；
    所述公共电极设置在所述绝缘层的靠近所述第一基板的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，还包括：
    第一透光层，设置在所述第二基板和所述光反射率调节层之间；
    第二透光层，设置在所述第一透光层的靠近所述光反射率调节层的一侧，其中所述第一透光层的折射率大于所述第二基板的折射率，且小于所述第二透光层的折射率，所述第一透光层的厚度为入射到所述第一透光层中的光线的四分之一波长的整数倍。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，还包括：
    第一偏振片，设置在所述第一基板的远离所述液晶层的一侧；
    第二偏振片，设置在所述光反射率调节层的远离所述第二基板的一侧，其中所述第一偏振片的光透过轴方向和所述第二偏振片的光透过轴方向垂直。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，还包括：
    彩膜层，设置在所述第二偏振片的靠近所述光反射率调节层的一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中：
    所述液晶层中的液晶分子的初始取向与所述第一偏振片的光透过轴方向垂直。
  13. 一种显示装置，包括：如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的显示面板。
  14. 一种车载装置，包括：如权利要求13所述的显示装置，安装在可移动支架上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的车载装置，其中，所述可移动支架设置在中央控制台位置与副驾驶位置之间。
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