WO2020207182A1

WO2020207182A1 - Incoherent transmission method for data

Info

Publication number: WO2020207182A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/078955
Authority: WO
Inventors: 秦熠; 汪凡
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-04-11
Filing date: 2020-03-12
Publication date: 2020-10-15
Also published as: CN111817995A; CN111817995B; CN114844606A

Abstract

Provided is a data transmission method, comprising: a sending end mapping an input bit to a modulation symbol in a modulation symbol set according to a modulation mapping relationship between a bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set so as to obtain an output modulation symbol, wherein the input bit comprises b bits, the output modulation symbol comprises M × T complex numbers, b, M and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1; and the sending end sending the output modulation symbol in T resource units by means of M antenna ports, wherein the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained according to a second symbol set, the first symbol set comprises 2^b modulation symbols, the second symbol set comprises 2^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers. By means of the method, the storage cost of a system can be reduced.

Description

数据的非相干传输方法Data non-coherent transmission method

本申请要求于2019年4月11日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201910290409.4、申请名称为“数据的非相干传输方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on April 11, 2019, the application number is 201910290409.4, and the application name is "incoherent transmission method of data", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference .

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及数据的非相干传输方法及装置。This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for incoherent transmission of data.

背景技术Background technique

在无线通信***中，发送端和接收端可以基于各种多址技术进行无线通信，例如：码分多址(code division multiple access,CDMA)、时分多址(time division multiple access,TDMA)、频分多址(frequency division multiple access,FDMA)、正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency division multiple access,OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(signal carrierfrequency division multiple access,SC-FDMA)、非正交多址(non-orthogonal multiple access,NOMA)等多址技术。In a wireless communication system, the sender and receiver can perform wireless communication based on various multiple access technologies, such as: code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency Frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), non-orthogonal multiple access Multiple access technologies such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).

在发送端和接收端进行无线通信的过程中，调制方案被广泛应用，例如二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)、正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)、16阶正交幅度调制(16quadrature amplitude modulation，16QAM)等正交幅度调制(quadrature amplitude modulation，QAM)方案。采用调制方案，发送端可以将一个或多个信息比特调制为一个复数符号，并通过无线资源将该复数符号发送至接收端，从而可以通过较少的无线资源发送较多的信息比特。In the process of wireless communication between the transmitter and the receiver, modulation schemes are widely used, such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (quadrature amplitude modulation, QAM) schemes such as 16quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM). With a modulation scheme, the transmitting end can modulate one or more information bits into a complex symbol, and send the complex symbol to the receiving end through wireless resources, so that more information bits can be sent through fewer wireless resources.

发明内容Summary of the invention

第一方面，提供了一种数据传输方法。In the first aspect, a data transmission method is provided.

在一种可能的实现中，该方法包括：根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 In a possible implementation, the method includes: according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set, mapping the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where: The input bits include b bits, the output modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers, b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The output modulation symbols are sent in T resource units through M antenna ports ; Wherein, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained according to a second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set Including 2 ^a modulation symbols, a and b are integers.

在一种可能的实现中，该方法包括：根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述b大于a时，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述b小于或等于所述a时，第二符号集合包括所述调制符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 In a possible implementation, the method includes: according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set, mapping the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where: The input bits include b bits, the output modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers, b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The output modulation symbols are sent in T resource units through M antenna ports Wherein, when b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, and when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set, and the first symbol set is According to the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.

通过该方法，用于进行调制的调制符号集合可以为第一符号集合，第一符号集合是根据数据量较少的第二符号集合得到的，因此可以仅存储第二符号集合而不需要存储第一符号集合，并根据需要通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合，因此可以节省存储空间。With this method, the modulation symbol set used for modulation can be the first symbol set, which is obtained from the second symbol set with a small amount of data, so only the second symbol set can be stored without the need to store the first symbol set. A set of symbols, and the first set of symbols can be obtained from the second set of symbols as needed, so storage space can be saved.

在一种可能的实现中，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，包括：第一符号集合中的一个调制符号包括于第二符号集合中；或者第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。In a possible implementation, the first symbol set is obtained according to the second symbol set, including: one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is included in the second symbol set; or the first symbol set A modulation symbol of is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set.

通过该方法，复用第二符号集合中的元素作为第一符号集合中的元素，可以简化***设计，降低计算复杂量。By this method, the elements in the second symbol set are reused as the elements in the first symbol set, which can simplify the system design and reduce the computational complexity.

在一种可能的实现中，所述第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的，包括：所述第一符号集合中的所述一个调制符号等于所述第二符号集合中的所述一个调制符号与第一生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号；其中，所述第一生成矩阵等于t个第二生成矩阵中的一个第二生成矩阵，或者所述第一生成矩阵等于p个第二生成矩阵点乘得到的生成矩阵，所述t个第二生成矩阵中包括所述p个第二生成矩阵，t等于b减去a，所述第一生成矩阵中包括M×T个复数元素，所述t个第二生成矩阵的任一个第二生成矩阵中包括M×T个复数元素。In a possible implementation, a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, including: the one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is equal to all The modulation symbol obtained by dot-multiplying the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set and the first generator matrix; wherein, the first generator matrix is equal to one second generator matrix of the t second generator matrices, or The first generator matrix is equal to the generator matrix obtained by multiplying the p second generator matrices, the t second generator matrices include the p second generator matrices, t is equal to b minus a, and the first generator The matrix includes M×T complex elements, and any one of the t second generator matrices includes M×T complex elements.

通过该方法，可以在只储存t个生成矩阵和第二符号集合的情况下得到第一符号集合，第一符号集合的调制符号数量是第二符号集合中调制符号数量的2^t倍，因此可以以较低的储存开销获得较大的符号集合。With this method, the first symbol set can be obtained when only t generator matrices and the second symbol set are stored. The number of modulation symbols in the first symbol set is 2^t times the number of modulation symbols in the second symbol set, so A larger set of symbols can be obtained with lower storage overhead.

在一种可能的实现中，所述第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的，包括：所述第一符号集合中的所述一个调制符号等于所述第二符号集合中的所述一个调制符号与第一生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号；其中，所述第一生成矩阵等于t个第二生成矩阵组中的一个第二生成矩阵组中的一个第二生成矩阵，或者所述第一生成矩阵等于p个第二生成矩阵进行点乘得到的生成矩阵，所述p个第二生成矩阵一对一地包括于p个第二生成矩阵组中，所述p个第二生成矩阵组包括于所述t个第二生成矩阵组中，p是取值范围为2至t的整数，t为整数；其中，所述t个第二生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括

个第二生成矩阵，

j是取值范围为1至t的整数，C _j为整数。 In a possible implementation, a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, including: the one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is equal to all The modulation symbol obtained by dot-multiplying the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set with the first generator matrix; wherein, the first generator matrix is equal to one of the t second generator matrix groups in the second generator matrix group A second generator matrix of, or the first generator matrix is equal to the generator matrix obtained by point multiplication of p second generator matrices, and the p second generator matrices are included in p second generator matrix groups one-to-one , The p second generating matrix groups are included in the t second generating matrix groups, p is an integer ranging from 2 to t, and t is an integer; wherein, the t second generating matrix The jth group of the group includes

Second generator matrix,

j is an integer ranging from 1 to t, and C _j is an integer.

通过该方法，可以在只储存t个生成矩阵组和第二符号集合的情况下得到能够调制更多比特数的第一符号集合，因此可以以较低的储存开销获得较大的符号集合。With this method, the first symbol set that can modulate more bits can be obtained when only t generator matrix groups and the second symbol set are stored, so a larger symbol set can be obtained with lower storage overhead.

在一种可能的实现中，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，包括：第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。In a possible implementation, the first symbol set is obtained according to the second symbol set, including: a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set.

个第二生成矩阵，

j是取值范围为1至t的整数，C _j为整数。在一种可能的实现中，每个第二生成矩阵组中包括一个全1的矩阵。 In a possible implementation, a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, including: the one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is equal to all The modulation symbol obtained by dot-multiplying the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set with the first generator matrix; wherein, the first generator matrix is equal to one of the t second generator matrix groups in the second generator matrix group A second generator matrix of, or the first generator matrix is equal to the generator matrix obtained by point multiplication of p second generator matrices, and the p second generator matrices are included in p second generator matrix groups one-to-one , The p second generating matrix groups are included in the t second generating matrix groups, p is an integer ranging from 2 to t, and t is an integer; wherein, the t second generating matrix The jth group of the group includes

Second generator matrix,

j is an integer ranging from 1 to t, and C _j is an integer. In a possible implementation, each second generator matrix group includes a matrix of all ones.

在一种可能的实现中，任意两个第二生成矩阵之间为非线性关系。示例性地，上述t个第二生成矩阵中任意两个第二生成矩阵之间为非线性关系。示例性地，任意两个第二生成矩阵之间为非线性关系，该两个第二生成矩阵可以包括于上述t个第二生成矩阵组中的相同组，也可以包括于上述t个第二生成矩阵组中的不同组。In a possible implementation, there is a nonlinear relationship between any two second generator matrices. Exemplarily, there is a nonlinear relationship between any two second generator matrices in the t second generator matrices. Exemplarily, there is a nonlinear relationship between any two second generator matrices, and the two second generator matrices may be included in the same group of the t second generator matrix groups, or may be included in the t second generator matrix groups. Generate different groups in the matrix group.

通过该方法，可以使得通过不同生成矩阵生成的调制符号是非线性关系，从而使接收端可以区分不同的调制符号，提高接收端的正确接收率。Through this method, the modulation symbols generated by different generating matrices can be made to have a nonlinear relationship, so that the receiving end can distinguish different modulation symbols, and the correct receiving rate of the receiving end is improved.

在一种可能的实现中，对于一个第二生成矩阵，所述一个第二生成矩阵的各元素的幅度同。通过该方法，可以保证每个元素传输时的功率相同，可以降低发送端所发送的数据的PAPR，有利于发送端的硬件实现。In a possible implementation, for a second generator matrix, the amplitude of each element of the second generator matrix is the same. Through this method, it can be ensured that the power of each element is the same during transmission, and the PAPR of the data sent by the sender can be reduced, which is beneficial to the hardware implementation of the sender.

在一种可能的实现中，所述第二符号集合中的调制符号两两之间是正交的。通过该方法，可以提高接收端的解调正确率，从而可以提高数据的传输速率。In a possible implementation, two modulation symbols in the second symbol set are orthogonal. With this method, the correct rate of demodulation at the receiving end can be improved, thereby increasing the data transmission rate.

第二方面，提供一种装置，该装置可以是网络设备(或终端设备)，也可以是网络设备(或终端设备)中的装置，或者是能够和网络设备(或终端设备)匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。In the second aspect, a device is provided. The device can be a network device (or terminal device), a device in a network device (or terminal device), or a device that can be matched with a network device (or terminal device). . In one design, the device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect. The modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software. . In one design, the device may include a processing module and a communication module.

在一种可能的实现中，处理模块用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；所述处理模块利用所述通信模块通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where: The input bits include b bits, and the output modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers. b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The processing module uses the communication module to pass through M antenna ports, and The output modulation symbol is sent in the resource unit; wherein, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set, and the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulations Symbol, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.

在一种可能的实现中，处理模块用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；所述处理模块利用所述通信模块通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述b大于a时，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述b小于或等于所述a时，第二符号集合包括所述调制符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where: The input bits include b bits, and the output modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers. b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The processing module uses the communication module to pass through M antenna ports, and The output modulation symbol is sent in a resource unit; wherein, when b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, and when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol The first symbol set is obtained according to the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, a and b Is an integer.

关于述第一符号集合和第二符号集合的描述同第一方面相应的描述，这里不再赘述。The description of the first symbol set and the second symbol set is the same as the corresponding description of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，所述装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第一方面描述的方法。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的指令时，可以实现上述第一方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储指令和数据。所述装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口。In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device, the device includes a processor, and is configured to implement the method described in the first aspect. The memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory, the method described in the first aspect can be implemented. The device may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. The device may further include a communication interface for communicating with other devices. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other types of communication interfaces.

在一种可能的设计中，该装置包括：存储器、处理器和通信接口，In one possible design, the device includes a memory, a processor, and a communication interface,

存储器，用于存储程序指令；Memory, used to store program instructions;

处理器用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；所述处理器利用所述通信接口通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 The processor is used to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where the input bit includes b bits, and the output The modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers, b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The processor uses the communication interface to send the output modulation symbols in T resource units through M antenna ports ; Wherein, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained according to a second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set Including 2 ^a modulation symbols, a and b are integers.

处理器用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；所述处理器利用所述通信接口通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中，所述b大于a时，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述b小于或等于所述a时，第二符号集合包括所述调制符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 The processor is used to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where the input bit includes b bits, and the output The modulation symbols include M×T complex numbers, b, M, and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1. The processor uses the communication interface to send the output modulation symbols in T resource units through M antenna ports Wherein, when b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, and when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set, and the first symbol set is According to the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.

第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计所描述的方法。In the fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs in the first aspect.

第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计所描述的方法。In the fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs in the first aspect .

第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片***，该芯片***中包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计所描述的方法。In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory, for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs in the first aspect.

第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信***，该通信***中包括第二方面描述的任一种装置和接收装置，所述接收装置用于接收所述第二方面描述的任一种装置所发送的调制符号；或者该通信***中包括第三方面描述的任一种装置和接收装置，所述接收装置用于接收所述第三方面描述的任一种装置发送的调制符号。In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system that includes any of the devices described in the second aspect and a receiving device, and the receiving device is configured to receive any of the devices described in the second aspect The modulation symbol sent by the device; or the communication system includes any of the devices described in the third aspect and the receiving device, and the receiving device is configured to receive the modulation symbols sent by any of the devices described in the third aspect.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1所示为本申请实施例提供的一种非相干传输方法；FIG. 1 shows a non-coherent transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application;

图2所示为本申请实施例提供的资源栅格的示意图；FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a resource grid provided by an embodiment of this application;

图3所示为本申请实施例提供的调制的流程示意图；FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a modulation process provided by an embodiment of the application;

图4和图5所示为本申请实施例提供的装置的结构示意图。Figures 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the device provided by the embodiment of the application.

具体实施方式detailed description

本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于各种通信***。示例性地，本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于能够利用时频资源进行数据传输的通信***。本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于但不限于：第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信***、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)或未来通信***。其中，5G还可以称为新无线(new radio，NR)。The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems. Exemplarily, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a communication system capable of using time-frequency resources for data transmission. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to, but not limited to: fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, long term evolution (LTE) or future communication systems. Among them, 5G can also be called new radio (NR).

本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于通信设备间的无线通信。其中，通信设备可以包括网络设备和终端设备。通信设备间的无线通信可以包括但不限于：网络设备和终端设备间的无线通信、网络设备和网络设备间的无线通信、以及终端设备和终端设备间的无线通信。在本申请实施例中，术语“无线通信”还可以简称为“通信”，术语“通信”还可以描述为“数据传输”、“信号传输”、“信息传输”或“传输”等。在本申请实施例中，传输可以包括发送或接收。示例性地，传输可以是上行传输，例如可以是终端设备向网络设备发送信号；传输也可以是下行传输，例如可以是网络设备向终端设备发送信号。在本申请实施例中，通信设备间的无线通信可以被描述为：发送端向接收端发送信号，接收端从发送端接收信号。The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to wireless communication between communication devices. Among them, the communication equipment may include network equipment and terminal equipment. The wireless communication between communication devices may include, but is not limited to: wireless communication between a network device and a terminal device, wireless communication between a network device and a network device, and wireless communication between a terminal device and a terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, the term "wireless communication" can also be simply referred to as "communication", and the term "communication" can also be described as "data transmission", "signal transmission", "information transmission" or "transmission". In the embodiment of the present application, transmission may include sending or receiving. Exemplarily, the transmission may be uplink transmission, for example, the terminal device may send a signal to the network device; the transmission may also be downlink transmission, for example, the network device may send a signal to the terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, wireless communication between communication devices can be described as: the sending end sends a signal to the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the signal from the sending end.

本申请实施例涉及的终端设备还可以称为终端，其可以是一种具有无线收发功能的设备。终端可以被部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以被部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以被部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。终端设备可以是用户设备(user equipment，UE)。UE包括具有无线通信功能的手持式设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备或计算设备。示例性地，UE可以是手机(mobilephone)、平板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑。终端设备还可以是虚拟现实(virtualreality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmentedreality，AR)终端设备、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程医疗中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、智慧城市(smartcity)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smarthome)中的无线终端等等。本申请实施例中，用于实现终端的功能的装置可以是终端；也可以是能够支持终端实现该功能的装置，例如芯片***，该装置可以被安装在终端中。本申请实施例中，芯片***可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现终端的功能的装置是终端，以终端是UE为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。The terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a terminal, which may be a device with a wireless transceiver function. The terminal can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as a ship, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as aeroplane, balloon, satellite, etc.). The terminal equipment may be user equipment (UE). UEs include handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, or computing devices with wireless communication functions. Exemplarily, the UE may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiver function. Terminal equipment can also be virtual reality (VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, and smart grids. The wireless terminal in the smart city (smartcity), the wireless terminal in the smart home (smarthome), etc. In the embodiments of the present application, the device used to implement the function of the terminal may be a terminal; it may also be a device capable of supporting the terminal to implement the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be installed in the terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices. In the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the device used to implement the functions of the terminal is a terminal, and the terminal is a UE as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

本申请实施例涉及的网络设备包括基站(basestation，BS)，基站可以是一种部署在无线接入网中能够和终端进行无线通信的设备。基站可能有多种形式，比如宏基站、微基站、中继站和接入点等。示例性地，本申请实施例涉及到的基站可以是5G中的基站或LTE中的基站，其中，5G中的基站还可以称为传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)或gNB(gNodeB)。本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备；也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片***，该装置可以被安装在网络设备中。在本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置是网络设备，以网络设备是基站为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。The network equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application includes a base station (basestation, BS), and the base station may be a device that is deployed in a wireless access network and can communicate with a terminal wirelessly. Base stations may come in many forms, such as macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and access points. Exemplarily, the base station involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a base station in 5G or a base station in LTE, where the base station in 5G may also be called a transmission reception point (TRP) or gNB (gNodeB). In the embodiments of the present application, the device used to implement the function of the network device may be a network device; it may also be a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be installed in the network device. In the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the device used to implement the functions of the network equipment is the network equipment, and the network equipment is a base station as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

通信设备间进行数据传输时，由发送端向接收端发送数据，示例性地，基站向UE发送数据，或者UE向基站发送数据。其中，数据传输可以包括相干传输和非相干传输。When data is transmitted between communication devices, the sending end sends data to the receiving end. Illustratively, the base station sends data to the UE, or the UE sends data to the base station. Among them, data transmission may include coherent transmission and non-coherent transmission.

在相干传输中，发送端通过数据信道向接收端发送数据。为了使得接收端可以正确接收数据信道上携带的数据，发送端还向接收端发送参考信号(reference signal，RS)，该RS的序列值是发送端和接收端已知的信息，该RS还可以称为导频。接收端接收到RS后，可以利用已知的RS序列值以及接收到的RS序列值进行信道估计，信道估计结果可以反映RS的信道状态信息。接收端可以利用RS的信道状态信息解码数据信道，从而可以得到数据信道上携带的数据。相干传输中，发送端向接收端发送RS，接收端根据信道估计结果或者根据信道状态信息对数据信道进行解码。In coherent transmission, the sending end sends data to the receiving end through a data channel. In order to enable the receiving end to correctly receive the data carried on the data channel, the sending end also sends a reference signal (RS) to the receiving end. The sequence value of the RS is the information known by the sending end and the receiving end. The RS can also Called pilot. After receiving the RS, the receiving end can use the known RS sequence value and the received RS sequence value to perform channel estimation, and the channel estimation result can reflect the channel state information of the RS. The receiving end can use the channel state information of the RS to decode the data channel, so that the data carried on the data channel can be obtained. In coherent transmission, the sending end sends an RS to the receiving end, and the receiving end decodes the data channel according to the channel estimation result or the channel state information.

不同于相干传输，在非相干传输中，发送端可以不需要向接收端发送RS，接收端可以不根据信道估计结果或者不根据信道状态信息对数据信道进行解码。在一种可能的非相干传输中，发送端将信息比特映射为调制符号集合A中的调制符号，通过数据信道将该得到的调制符号发送至接收端。其中，调制符号集合A为发送端和接收端已知的信息。接收端接收到经历了数据信道的调制符号后，将该接收到的调制符号分别和调制符号集合A中的各调制符号求相关或者求距离，并认为调制符号集合A中最大相关值或者最小距离对应的调制符号是发送端所发送的调制符号，从而接收端可以得到发送端所发送的信息比特。在本申请实施例中，调制符号集合中的调制符号还可以称为码本，调制符号集合可以称为码本集合。Different from coherent transmission, in non-coherent transmission, the sending end may not need to send RS to the receiving end, and the receiving end may not decode the data channel according to the channel estimation result or the channel state information. In a possible non-coherent transmission, the transmitting end maps information bits into modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set A, and sends the obtained modulation symbols to the receiving end through the data channel. Among them, the modulation symbol set A is information known by the transmitting end and the receiving end. After the receiving end receives the modulation symbol that has experienced the data channel, the received modulation symbol is correlated or the distance is calculated with each modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set A, and the maximum correlation value or the minimum distance in the modulation symbol set A is considered The corresponding modulation symbol is the modulation symbol sent by the sending end, so that the receiving end can obtain the information bits sent by the sending end. In the embodiment of the present application, the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set may also be called a codebook, and the modulation symbol set may be called a codebook set.

对于上述非相干传输方法，可以通过计算机搜索码本的方法，从一个较大的调制符号集合B中搜索出上述调制符号集合A，调制符号集合A是调制符号集合B的子集，并尽可能使得调制符号集合A中的两两调制符号之间的距离较大，从而增加接收端的解码正确率。然而，当调制符号集合A中包括的调制符号较多时，为了保证调制符号集合A中的两两调制符号之间的距离较大，很难检索出调制符号集合A。为了实现上述计算机搜索码本的方法，需要存储调制符号集合B以及所搜索出的调制符号集合A。如果调制符号集合A和调制符号集合B中的每个调制符号是维数较大的矩阵，需要使用较大的存储空间存储调制符号集合A和调制符号集合B，从而需要大量的存储设备，花费较高。For the above-mentioned non-coherent transmission method, the above-mentioned modulation symbol set A can be searched out from a larger modulation symbol set B by searching the codebook by a computer. The modulation symbol set A is a subset of the modulation symbol set B, and as much as possible The distance between the two modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set A is larger, thereby increasing the decoding accuracy of the receiving end. However, when the modulation symbol set A includes many modulation symbols, in order to ensure that the distance between the two modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set A is large, it is difficult to retrieve the modulation symbol set A. In order to implement the above-mentioned method of searching the codebook by the computer, it is necessary to store the modulation symbol set B and the searched modulation symbol set A. If each modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set A and the modulation symbol set B is a matrix with a larger dimension, a larger storage space is required to store the modulation symbol set A and the modulation symbol set B, which requires a large amount of storage equipment and costs Higher.

为了节省非相干传输方法中的存储成本，本申请实施例提供了数据的非相干传输方法、装置和***。In order to save the storage cost in the non-coherent transmission method, embodiments of the present application provide a data non-coherent transmission method, device, and system.

图1所示为本申请实施例提供的第一种非相干传输方法。FIG. 1 shows the first non-coherent transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.

S101，发送端对输入比特进行调制，得到输出调制符号。S101: The transmitting end modulates the input bit to obtain an output modulation symbol.

在一种可能的实现中，发送端根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号。其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，M和T为正整数。示例性地，T大于1。其中，调制符号集合为第一符号集合，第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。该方法可以应用于各种场景，例如可以应用于a小于b的场景，或者应用于a大于等于b的场景。 In a possible implementation, the sending end maps the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol. Among them, the input bit includes b bits, the output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, and M and T are positive integers. Illustratively, T is greater than 1. Among them, the modulation symbol set is the first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, a and b is an integer. This method can be applied to various scenarios, for example, it can be applied to a scenario where a is less than b, or a scenario where a is greater than or equal to b.

在本申请实施例中，a和b可以是0、1、2、3或者更大的整数。正整数可以是1、2、3、4或者更大的整数。In the embodiment of the present application, a and b may be integers of 0, 1, 2, 3 or greater. Positive integers can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or larger integers.

或者，该方法可以描述为：发送端根据星座图，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号。其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，M和T为正整数。示例性地，T大于1。其中，调制符号集合为第一符号集合，第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。可选地，a可以大于等于b，也可以小于b。 Alternatively, the method can be described as: the transmitting end maps the input bits to modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set according to the constellation diagram to obtain the output modulation symbols. Among them, the input bit includes b bits, the output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, and M and T are positive integers. Illustratively, T is greater than 1. Among them, the modulation symbol set is the first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, a and b is an integer. Optionally, a can be greater than or equal to b or less than b.

在一种可能的实现中，发送端根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号。其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，M和T为正整数。示例性地，T大于1。其中，b大于a时，调制符号集合为第一符号集合；b小于或等于a时，第二符号集合包括调制符号集合。第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 In a possible implementation, the sending end maps the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol. Among them, the input bit includes b bits, the output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, and M and T are positive integers. Illustratively, T is greater than 1. Wherein, when b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is the first symbol set; when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set. The first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set. The first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.

或者，该方法可以描述为：发送端根据星座图，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号。其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，M和T为正整数。示例性地，T大于1。其中，b大于a时，调制符号集合为第一符号集合；b小于或等于a时，第二符号集合包括调制符号集合。第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 Alternatively, the method can be described as: the transmitting end maps the input bits to modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set according to the constellation diagram to obtain the output modulation symbols. Among them, the input bit includes b bits, the output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, and M and T are positive integers. Illustratively, T is greater than 1. Wherein, when b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is the first symbol set; when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set. The first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set. The first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.

第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，每个调制符号中可以包括M×T个复数。第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，每个调制符号中可以包括M×T个复数。在本申请实施例中，一个调制符号中包括M×T个复数还可以被描述为：该调制符号是M×T维的矩阵，或者该调制符号是M行T列的矩阵，该矩阵中每个元素为复数。同一个矩阵中不同元素的值可以相同，也可以不同，本申请不做限制。在本申请实施例中，对于一个复数，该复数可以实部为0虚部不为0，或可以实部不为0虚部为0，或可以实部和虚部都为0，或可以实部和虚部都不为0，本申请实施例不做限制。 The first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and each modulation symbol may include M×T complex numbers. The second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and each modulation symbol may include M×T complex numbers. In the embodiments of the present application, a modulation symbol including M×T complex numbers can also be described as: the modulation symbol is an M×T-dimensional matrix, or the modulation symbol is a matrix of M rows and T columns, and each The elements are plural. The values of different elements in the same matrix can be the same or different, which is not limited in this application. In the embodiment of this application, for a complex number, the real part may be 0 and the imaginary part may not be 0, or the real part may be not 0 and the imaginary part may be 0, or both the real and imaginary parts may be 0, or the real part may be 0. Both the imaginary part and the imaginary part are not 0, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

S101中，输入比特的长度为b，即该输入比特中包括b个比特，b个比特共有2 ^b种可能的取值或比特值，调制符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，b个比特可能的2 ^b种比特值和调制符号集合中的2 ^b个调制符号之间存在一对一的映射关系，即该2 ^b种可能的比特值分别一对一地映射至该2 ^b个调制符号。 In S101, the length of the input bit is b, that is, the input bit includes b bits, b bits have a total of 2 ^b possible values or bit values, and the modulation symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and b bits may be to-one mapping between the bit value and a set of modulation symbols 2 ^b 2 ^b kinds of modulation symbols, i.e. the 2 ^b possible bit values are one to one mapped to the modulation symbols 2 ^b.

S101中，第二符号集合包括调制符号集合，即调制符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，该2 ^b个调制符号属于第二符号集合。包括：第二符号集合是调制符号集合，或者第二符号集合中的部分调制符号组成调制符号集合。例如，当b等于a时，第二符号集合是调制符号集合。再例如，当b小于a时，第二符号集合中的2 ^b个调制符号组成调制符号集合，例如第二符号集合中的第1个至第2 ^b个调制符号组成调制符号集合，或者其它2 ^b个调制符号组成调制符号集合，本申请不做限制。 In S101, the second symbol set includes a modulation symbol set, that is, the modulation symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the 2 ^b modulation symbols belong to the second symbol set. Including: the second symbol set is a modulation symbol set, or some modulation symbols in the second symbol set form a modulation symbol set. For example, when b is equal to a, the second symbol set is a modulation symbol set. For another example, when b is less than a, 2 ^b modulation symbols in the second symbol set constitute a modulation symbol set, for example, the first to second ^b modulation symbols in the second symbol set constitute a modulation symbol set, or other 2 ^b modulation symbols form a modulation symbol set, which is not limited in this application.

在本申请实施例中，比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的映射关系还可以被称为调制映射关系。该映射关系可以表示为表格形式，例如表1所示；或者可以表示为公式形式，该公式的输入为比特值，输出为该比特值所映射至的调制符号；或者可以表示为星座图的形式，在星座图中，调制符号集合中的调制符号可以称为星座点，一个星座点可以对应一种比特值。在本申请实施例中，一种比特值可以被描述为一个比特值。In the embodiment of the present application, the mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set may also be referred to as a modulation mapping relationship. The mapping relationship can be expressed in the form of a table, such as shown in Table 1; or it can be expressed in the form of a formula in which the input of the formula is the bit value and the output is the modulation symbol to which the bit value is mapped; or it can be expressed in the form of a constellation In the constellation diagram, the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set can be called constellation points, and one constellation point can correspond to a kind of bit value. In the embodiment of the present application, a bit value may be described as a bit value.

在本申请实施例中，对于一个用于进行调制的符号集合，例如上述描述的调制符号集合、第一符号集合、或第二符号集合，当该符号集合中包括2 ^u个调制符号，使用该符号集合进行调制时，如表1所示以u等于2为例，可以将u个比特对应的2 ^u种可能的比特值分别一对一地映射到该2 ^u个调制符号。可以称该符号集合的调制映射能力为u个比特，或者称该调制方法的星座图的调制映射能力为u个比特，或者称该符号集合对应的星座图的调制映射能力为u个比特。其中，u为大于或等于0整数。在本申请实施例中，大于或等于0整数可以是0、1、2、3或更大的整数，本申请不做限制。在本申请实施例中，调制映射能力还可以称为调制能力、映射能力或者别的名称，本申请不做限制。 In this embodiment of the application, for a symbol set used for modulation, such as the modulation symbol set, the first symbol set, or the second symbol set described above, when the symbol set includes 2 ^u modulation symbols, use the When the symbol set is modulated, as shown in Table 1, taking u equal to 2 as an example, the 2 ^u possible bit values corresponding to ^u bits can be mapped to the 2 ^u modulation symbols one-to-one, respectively. The modulation and mapping capability of the symbol set may be called u bits, or the modulation mapping capability of the constellation diagram of the modulation method may be called u bits, or the modulation mapping capability of the constellation diagram corresponding to the symbol set may be called u bits. Among them, u is an integer greater than or equal to 0. In the embodiments of the present application, an integer greater than or equal to 0 may be an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3 or greater, and this application does not limit it. In the embodiments of the present application, the modulation mapping capability may also be referred to as modulation capability, mapping capability, or another name, which is not limited in this application.

表1Table 1

通过本申请实施例所提供的方法，发送端可以将输入比特流中的输入比特调制为一个或者多个调制符号，将该一个或者多个调制符号发送至接收端。示例性地，当输入比特流中的输入比特数大于b个比特时，发送端可以对输入比特流中的每b个比特分别执行本申请实施例提供的方法，得到一组输出调制符号，该组输出调制符号中包括一个或者多个调制符号，发送端可以将该组调制符号发送至发送端。在本申请实施例中，多个可以是2个、3个、4个、5个或者更多个，本申请不做限制。With the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the sending end can modulate the input bit in the input bit stream into one or more modulation symbols, and send the one or more modulation symbols to the receiving end. Exemplarily, when the number of input bits in the input bit stream is greater than b bits, the sending end may execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application for each b bits in the input bit stream to obtain a set of output modulation symbols. The group of output modulation symbols includes one or more modulation symbols, and the sending end may send the group of modulation symbols to the sending end. In the embodiments of the present application, the number may be 2, 3, 4, 5 or more, which is not limited in this application.

示例性地，调制符号集合中包括表1中所示的调制符号X1、X2、X3和X4，比特值和调制符号的映射关系如表1所示，输入比特流为000101111110。发送端可以对输入比特流中的每2个比特分别进行调制，即分别对00、01、01、11、11、10进行调制，得到一组输出调制符号，该组输出调制符号中依次包括调制符号X1、X2、X2、X4、X4、和X3。发送端可以将该组输出调制符号中的调制符号发送至接收端。Exemplarily, the modulation symbol set includes the modulation symbols X1, X2, X3, and X4 shown in Table 1. The mapping relationship between bit values and modulation symbols is shown in Table 1, and the input bit stream is 000101111110. The sending end can modulate every 2 bits in the input bit stream separately, that is, modulate 00, 01, 01, 11, 11, and 10 respectively to obtain a set of output modulation symbols, which in turn include modulation Symbols X1, X2, X2, X4, X4, and X3. The sending end can send the modulation symbols in the group of output modulation symbols to the receiving end.

在本申请实施例中，输入比特流可以是各种信道的比特流，例如：广播信道(physical broadcast channel，PBCH)、主同步信号(primary synchronization signal，PSS)、辅同步信号(secondary synchronization signal，SSS)、物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)、物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)、物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)、物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)、各种类型的上行参考信号(reference signal，RS)、各种类型的下行RS、或者其它可能的物理信道等，本申请不做限制。In the embodiments of the present application, the input bit stream may be the bit stream of various channels, such as: physical broadcast channel (PBCH), primary synchronization signal (primary synchronization signal, PSS), secondary synchronization signal (secondary synchronization signal, SSS), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical uplink control channel (physical uplink control) channel, PUCCH), various types of uplink reference signals (reference signals, RS), various types of downlink RS, or other possible physical channels, etc., which are not limited in this application.

在本申请实施例中，信道的比特流可以是MAC层发送至物理层的比特流A；也可以是比特流A经过比特级操作后得到的比特流B，本申请实施例中不做限制。比特级操作可以包括码块分段、添加循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)、信道编码、速率匹配、码块级联、交织和加扰中一种或多种操作。示例性地，比特级操作可以包括添加CRC、码块分段、信道编码、码块级联和加扰；或者，比特级操作可以包括添加CRC、码块分段、信道编码、码块级联、速率匹配、交织和加扰；或者，比特级操作可以包括添加CRC、信道编码、速率匹配、交织和加扰。In the embodiment of the present application, the bit stream of the channel may be the bit stream A sent from the MAC layer to the physical layer; it may also be the bit stream B obtained after bit-level operations on the bit stream A, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Bit-level operations may include one or more operations of code block segmentation, adding cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC), channel coding, rate matching, code block concatenation, interleaving, and scrambling. Exemplarily, bit-level operations may include adding CRC, code block segmentation, channel coding, code block concatenation, and scrambling; or, bit-level operations may include adding CRC, code block segmentation, channel coding, code block concatenation , Rate matching, interleaving, and scrambling; or, bit-level operations can include adding CRC, channel coding, rate matching, interleaving, and scrambling.

S102，发送端将所得到的输出调制符号发送至接收端。发送端通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号。相应地，接收端在所述T个资源单元中接收发送端所发送的调制符号。S102: The sending end sends the obtained output modulation symbol to the receiving end. The sending end sends the output modulation symbols in T resource units through M antenna ports. Correspondingly, the receiving end receives the modulation symbols sent by the sending end in the T resource units.

在本申请实施例中，发送端向接收端发送信号时，例如发送调制符号时，可以直接通过空口向接收端发送该信号；或者可以对该信号进行处理(例如以下处理中的一种或多种：层映射、预编码、资源映射、傅立叶反变换、滤波、上变频)后，通过空口发送被处理后的信号，本申请不做限制。In the embodiment of the present application, when the sending end sends a signal to the receiving end, for example, when sending modulation symbols, the signal can be directly sent to the receiving end through the air interface; or the signal can be processed (for example, one or more of the following processing Types: after layer mapping, precoding, resource mapping, inverse Fourier transform, filtering, and upconversion), the processed signal is sent through the air interface, which is not limited in this application.

在本申请实施例中，资源单元可以是资源元素(resource element，RE)。In the embodiment of the present application, the resource unit may be a resource element (resource element, RE).

在本申请实施例中，RE是用于进行数据传输的资源单位，或者用于对待发送数据进行资源映射的资源单位。对于一个天线端口，用于进行数据传输的时频资源可以被表示为资源栅格。图2所示为一个天线端口对应的资源栅格。如图2所示，一个RE在时域对应一个时域符号，例如正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号或者离散傅立叶变换扩展OFDM(discrete fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，DFT-s-OFDM)符号，频域对应一个子载波。一个RE上可以承载一个复数符号，例如经过调制得到的复数符号，或者经过预编码得到的复数符号，本申请不做限制。在频域，在资源栅格中可以定义资源块(resource block，RB)，在频域一个RB中可以包括正整数个子载波，例如12个。进一步地，RB的定义还可以扩展到时域，例如一个RB在时域包括正整数子载波且时域包括正整数个符号，例如一个RB是频域包括12个子载波且时域包括7个或14个符号的时频资源块。资源栅格中可以包括正整数个RB。在资源栅格或者时频资源的时域可以定义时隙(slot)，一个时隙中可以包括正整数个时域符号，例如7个或14个。在资源栅格或者时频资源的时域可以定义子帧(subframe)，一个子帧中可以包括正整数个符号或者正整数个时隙。In the embodiment of the present application, the RE is a resource unit used for data transmission, or a resource unit used for resource mapping of data to be sent. For an antenna port, the time-frequency resource used for data transmission can be expressed as a resource grid. Figure 2 shows the resource grid corresponding to an antenna port. As shown in Figure 2, an RE corresponds to a time domain symbol in the time domain, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or discrete fourier transform spread OFDM (discrete fourier transform spread orthogonal multiplexing, DFT) -s-OFDM) symbol, the frequency domain corresponds to a subcarrier. One RE can carry one complex symbol, such as a complex symbol obtained through modulation or a complex symbol obtained through precoding, which is not limited in this application. In the frequency domain, a resource block (resource block, RB) may be defined in a resource grid, and one RB in the frequency domain may include a positive integer number of subcarriers, for example, 12 subcarriers. Further, the definition of RB can also be extended to the time domain. For example, an RB includes positive integer subcarriers in the time domain and positive integer symbols in the time domain. For example, an RB includes 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain and 7 subcarriers in the time domain. 14-symbol time-frequency resource block. A positive integer number of RBs may be included in the resource grid. A slot can be defined in the resource grid or the time domain of the time-frequency resource, and a slot can include a positive integer number of time domain symbols, for example, 7 or 14. A subframe can be defined in the resource grid or the time domain of the time-frequency resource, and a subframe can include a positive integer number of symbols or a positive integer number of time slots.

在本申请实施例中，天线端口是逻辑天线端口，一个天线端口可以对应一个或多个物理天线。对于一个天线端口，用于传输第一信号的第一信道可以通过第二信道推断出来，该第二信道用于在该天线端口传输第二信号。In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna port is a logical antenna port, and one antenna port may correspond to one or more physical antennas. For an antenna port, the first channel used to transmit the first signal can be inferred from the second channel, and the second channel is used to transmit the second signal at the antenna port.

假设S101中发送端所得到的输出调制符号记为X，M＝2且T＝4，则X中包括M×T＝2×4个复数，X可以被记为如下矩阵形式：Assuming that the output modulation symbol obtained by the sending end in S101 is denoted as X, M=2 and T=4, then X includes M×T=2×4 complex numbers, and X can be denoted as the following matrix form:

其中，元素x ₀₀、元素x ₀₁、元素x ₀₂、元素x ₀₃、元素x ₁₀、元素x ₁₁、元素x ₁₂和元素x ₁₃都为复数，这些元素中两两元素之间的值可以相同，也可以不同，本申请不做限制。发送端可以通过天线端口0，在4个RE中分别发送元素x ₀₀、元素x ₀₁、元素x ₀₂和元素x ₀₃，每个RE中发送一个元素；发送端可以通过天线端口1，在4个RE中分别发送元素x ₁₀、元素x ₁₁、元素x ₁₂和元素x ₁₃，每个RE中发送一个元素。天线端口0的该4个RE和天线端口1的该4个RE在时频域可以是相同的资源，例如在频域对应于相同的子载波且在时域对应于相同的符号。 Among them, the element x ₀₀ , the element x ₀₁ , the element x ₀₂ , the element x ₀₃ , the element x ₁₀ , the element x ₁₁ , the element x ₁₂ and the element x ₁₃ are all complex numbers, and the values between two of these elements can be the same. It can also be different, and this application is not limited. The transmitting end can send element x ₀₀ , element x ₀₁ , element x ₀₂ and element x ₀₃ respectively in 4 REs through antenna port 0, and each RE transmits one element; the transmitting end can use antenna port 1 in 4 REs. The element x ₁₀ , the element x ₁₁ , the element x ₁₂ and the element x ₁₃ are respectively sent in the RE, and one element is sent in each RE. The 4 REs of antenna port 0 and the 4 REs of antenna port 1 may be the same resource in the time-frequency domain, for example, corresponding to the same subcarrier in the frequency domain and corresponding to the same symbol in the time domain.

S103，接收端对接收到的调制符号进行解调。S103: The receiving end demodulates the received modulation symbol.

发送端所发送的调制符号经过信道后，被接收端接收。经过信道时，调制符号可能经历了各种变形，例如幅度放大或缩小，相位偏移等。接收端在空口从发送端接收到信号后，可以对该信号进行处理，例如下变频、相位偏移、解预编码等，得到进行解调之前的复数符号，该复数符号可以称为接收端接收到的调制符号。After the modulation symbol sent by the sending end passes through the channel, it is received by the receiving end. When passing through the channel, the modulation symbol may undergo various deformations, such as amplitude enlargement or reduction, phase shift, etc. After the receiving end receives a signal from the transmitting end on the air interface, it can process the signal, such as down-conversion, phase shift, de-precoding, etc., to obtain the complex symbol before demodulation, which can be called the receiving end receiving To the modulation symbol.

接收端接收到调制符号后，可以将该接收到的调制符号和调制符号集合中的各调制符号分别求相关，认为最大相关值对应的调制符号是发送端发送的调制符号，认为发送端发送的调制符号对应的比特值为发送端发送的比特值。After the receiving end receives the modulation symbol, the received modulation symbol can be correlated with each modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set, and the modulation symbol corresponding to the maximum correlation value is considered to be the modulation symbol sent by the sending end. The bit value corresponding to the modulation symbol is the bit value sent by the transmitting end.

或者，接收端接收到调制符号后，通过广义似然比测试(generalized likelihood ratio test,GLRT)接收机对接收到的调制符号进行解调。例如，接收端将接收到的调制符号分别和调制符号集合中的各调制符号求距离，认为最小距离对应的调制符号是发送端发送的调制符号，认为发送端发送的调制符号对应的比特值为发送端发送的比特值。Alternatively, after receiving the modulation symbols, the receiving end demodulates the received modulation symbols through a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) receiver. For example, the receiving end calculates the distance between the received modulation symbol and each modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set. The modulation symbol corresponding to the minimum distance is considered to be the modulation symbol sent by the sending end, and the bit value corresponding to the modulation symbol sent by the sending end is considered The bit value sent by the sender.

示例性地，根据图1涉及的方法，发送端和接收端利用表1所述的映射关系进行非相干传输时。假设输入比特的比特值为01，则发送端向接收端发送调制符号X2，即发送[1,1,-1,-1]。调制符号X2经过信道H后由接收端接收，接收端接收到的调制符号Y＝H×X2+W，其中，W表示噪声，W＝[w1,w2,w3,w4]，Y＝[H×1+w1,H×1+w2,H×(-1)+w3,H×(-1)+w4]＝[H+w1,H+w2,-H+w3,-H+w4]。其中，H、w1、w2、w3和w4分别为复数。Exemplarily, according to the method involved in FIG. 1, the sending end and the receiving end use the mapping relationship described in Table 1 to perform non-coherent transmission. Assuming that the bit value of the input bit is 01, the sending end sends the modulation symbol X2 to the receiving end, that is, sending [1,1,-1,-1]. The modulation symbol X2 is received by the receiving end after passing through the channel H. The modulation symbol received by the receiving end Y=H×X2+W, where W represents noise, W=[w1,w2,w3,w4], Y=[H× 1+w1, H×1+w2, H×(-1)+w3, H×(-1)+w4]=[H+w1, H+w2, -H+w3, -H+w4]. Among them, H, w1, w2, w3 and w4 are plural respectively.

接收端对接收到的调制符号Y进行解调。The receiving end demodulates the received modulation symbol Y.

接收端将接收到的调制符号Y分别和X1、X2、X3以及X4求相关，并认为最大相关值对应的调制符号是发送端发送的调制符号。示例性地，确定相关值时，接收端分别计算Y与X1、X2、X3和X4的内积的绝对值。例如Y和X1的相关值，是Y和X1的内积的绝对值，即对Y的每一项与X1中对应项的乘积求和后的绝对值。例如Y和X1、 X2、X3以及X4的相关值分别为0.4,0.9,0.5,0.1，则最大相关值为0.9，即Y与X2之间的相关值最大，因此接收端认为X2是发送端所发送的调制符号，从而认为X2所对应的比特值01是发送端为接收端发送的信息。The receiving end correlates the received modulation symbol Y with X1, X2, X3, and X4, and considers that the modulation symbol corresponding to the maximum correlation value is the modulation symbol sent by the transmitting end. Exemplarily, when determining the correlation value, the receiving end calculates the absolute value of the inner product of Y and X1, X2, X3, and X4, respectively. For example, the correlation value of Y and X1 is the absolute value of the inner product of Y and X1, that is, the absolute value of the sum of the product of each item of Y and the corresponding item in X1. For example, if the correlation values of Y and X1, X2, X3, and X4 are 0.4, 0.9, 0.5, 0.1, respectively, the maximum correlation value is 0.9, that is, the correlation value between Y and X2 is the largest, so the receiving end considers X2 to be the source of the transmitting end. The modulation symbol sent, and thus the bit value 01 corresponding to X2 is considered to be the information sent by the sender for the receiver.

或者，接收端将接收到的调制符号Y分别和X1、X2、X3以及X4求距离，并认为最小距离对应的调制符号是发送端发送的调制符号。例如，对于X1、X2、X3和X4中第i个调制符号Xi，其中，i是取值范围为1至4的整数，Y和Xi之间的距离d _i可以表示为

其中，Y ^H表示矩阵Y的共轭转置，Xi ^H表示矩阵Xi的共轭转置。假设d ₁＝0.6，d ₂＝0.1，d ₃＝0.5，d ₄＝0.9，则接收端认为最小距离0.1对应的调制符号X2是发送端所发送的调制符号，从而认为X2所对应的比特值01是发送端为接收端发送的信息。 Or, the receiving end calculates the distances between the received modulation symbol Y and X1, X2, X3, and X4, and considers that the modulation symbol corresponding to the minimum distance is the modulation symbol sent by the transmitting end. For example, X1, X2, X3 and X4 in the i-th modulation symbol Xi, where, i is an integer in the range of 1 to 4, the distance D between the Y _i and Xi can be expressed as

Among them, Y ^H represents the conjugate transpose of matrix Y, and Xi ^H represents the conjugate transpose of matrix Xi. Assuming that d ₁ =0.6, d ₂ =0.1, d ₃ =0.5, d ₄ =0.9, the receiving end considers that the modulation symbol X2 corresponding to the minimum distance 0.1 is the modulation symbol sent by the transmitting end, and therefore considers the bit value corresponding to X2 01 is the information sent by the sender for the receiver.

可选地，在本申请实施例中，调制符号集合中的调制符号可以是归一化的。例如对于第一符号集合或第二符号集合中任一个调制符号X，trace(X×X ^H)＝1，其中，X ^H为X的共轭转置，trace(·)表示求矩阵的迹，例如trace(X×X ^H)＝1表示矩阵X×X ^H的迹为1。通过归一化设计，可以简化距离的计算。示例性地，如果发送信号没有进行归一化，例如trace(X×X ^H)＝P，则距离的计算可以更新为

用于保证根号下的值非负。其中，P为大于0的实数。 Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set may be normalized. For example, for any modulation symbol X in the first symbol set or the second symbol set, trace(X×X ^H )=1, where X ^H is the conjugate transpose of X, and trace(·) represents the trace of the matrix, For example, trace(X×X ^H )=1 means that the trace of the matrix X×X ^H is 1. Through the normalized design, the distance calculation can be simplified. Exemplarily, if the transmitted signal is not normalized, for example, trace(X×X ^H )=P, the distance calculation can be updated to

Used to ensure that the value under the radical sign is non-negative. Among them, P is a real number greater than zero.

在图1涉及的方法中，对于用于进行调制的符号集合，例如第一符号集合或者第二符号集合，该符号集合中两两调制符号可以不同。示例性地，对于符号集合中任意两个调制符号A和调制符号B，调制符号A和调制符号B中各包括M×T个复数元素。调制符号A中和调制符号B中至少有一个元素不同，例如调制符号A中和调制符号B中全部或部分元素不同。其中，本申请实施例中，至少一个可以是1个、2个、3个或者更多个，本申请不做限制。再示例性地，对于符号集合中任意两个调制符号A和调制符号B，不存在常数r1，使得r1×X _A＝X _B，其中，X _A表示调制符号A，X _B表示调制符号B，r1为复数。再示例性地，对于符号集合中任意两个调制符号A和调制符号B，不存在方阵H _r，使得H _r×X _A＝X _B，其中，X _A表示调制符号A，X _B表示调制符号B，H _r中包括M×M个复数元素。 In the method involved in FIG. 1, for a symbol set used for modulation, such as a first symbol set or a second symbol set, two modulation symbols in the symbol set may be different. Exemplarily, for any two modulation symbol A and modulation symbol B in the symbol set, the modulation symbol A and the modulation symbol B each include M×T complex elements. At least one element in modulation symbol A and modulation symbol B is different, for example, all or part of the elements in modulation symbol A and modulation symbol B are different. Among them, in the embodiments of the present application, at least one may be one, two, three or more, which is not limited in the present application. Illustratively again, for any two modulation symbol A and modulation symbol B in the symbol set, there is no constant r1, so that r1×X _A =X _B , where X _A represents modulation symbol A, X _B represents modulation symbol B, r1 is a plural number. Illustratively again, for any two modulation symbols A and modulation symbols B in the symbol set, there is no square matrix H _r , so that H _r ×X _A =X _B , where X _A represents modulation symbol A and X _B represents modulation The symbols B and H _r include M×M complex number elements.

通过该方法，可以提高接收端的解调正确率。在图1涉及的非相干传输方法中，调制符号是通过其对应的矩阵的行向量来承载信息的，即接收端可以通过求相关或者求距离来进行解调，因此即使调制符号经历了信道，到达接收端后也不会使得该调制符号的行向量变换为另一个调制符号的行向量，从而避免了解调错误。Through this method, the correct rate of demodulation at the receiving end can be improved. In the non-coherent transmission method involved in Figure 1, modulation symbols carry information through the row vectors of their corresponding matrixes, that is, the receiving end can perform demodulation through correlation or distance. Therefore, even if the modulation symbols go through the channel, After reaching the receiving end, the row vector of the modulation symbol will not be transformed into the row vector of another modulation symbol, thereby avoiding demodulation errors.

对于上述符号集合中任意两个调制符号A和调制符号B，可以设计该两个调制符号之间的距离尽可能地大，或者可以设计该两个调制符号之间的距离的最小值尽可能地大(例如，尽可能地接近1或者M)。调制符号A和调制符号B之间的距离可以表示为：

其中，X _A表示调制符号A，X _B表示调制符号B，(X _A) ^H表示调制符号A的共轭转置，(X _B) ^H表示调制符号B的共轭转置。该方法中，符号集合中两两调制符号之间的距离的最小值越大，解调错误率越低，解调性能越好。 For any two modulation symbols A and B in the above symbol set, the distance between the two modulation symbols can be designed to be as large as possible, or the minimum distance between the two modulation symbols can be designed to be as large as possible Large (for example, as close to 1 or M as possible). The distance between modulation symbol A and modulation symbol B can be expressed as:

Among them, X _A represents modulation symbol A, X _B represents modulation symbol B, (X _A ) ^H represents the conjugate transpose of modulation symbol A, and (X _B ) ^H represents the conjugate transpose of modulation symbol B. In this method, the larger the minimum value of the distance between two modulation symbols in the symbol set, the lower the demodulation error rate and the better the demodulation performance.

接收端接收到一组调制符号时，可以对该组调制符号中的每个调制符号分别进行解调，从而可以得到发送端向接收端所发送的比特流的值。When the receiving end receives a group of modulation symbols, each modulation symbol in the group of modulation symbols can be demodulated separately, so that the value of the bit stream sent by the sending end to the receiving end can be obtained.

通过图1涉及的方法，用于进行调制的调制符号集合可以为第一符号集合，第一符号集合是根据数据量较少的第二符号集合得到的，因此可以仅存储第二符号集合，并根据需要通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合，从而可以节省存储空间。通过该非相干传输方法，可以不需要为解调目的而额外传输导频，因此可以节省数据传输的资源开销。Through the method involved in Figure 1, the modulation symbol set used for modulation can be the first symbol set, which is obtained from the second symbol set with a small amount of data, so only the second symbol set can be stored, and The first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set as needed, thereby saving storage space. Through this non-coherent transmission method, there is no need to transmit additional pilots for demodulation purposes, and thus the resource overhead of data transmission can be saved.

在图1涉及的方法中，输入比特的长度b可以是预配置的，可以是基站通过信令通知UE的，或者可以是UE确定的，本申请不做限制。M的值可以是预配置的，可以是基站通过信令通知UE的，或者可以是UE确定的，本申请不做限制。T的值可以是预配置的，可以是基站通过信令通知UE的，或者可以是UE确定的，本申请不做限制。示例性地，b、M和T的确定方法可以参考2019年3月19日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为201910207314.1，名称为“传输数据的方法和通信装置”的专利申请中相应的描述。In the method involved in FIG. 1, the length b of the input bit may be pre-configured, may be notified to the UE by the base station through signaling, or may be determined by the UE, which is not limited in this application. The value of M may be pre-configured, may be notified to the UE by the base station through signaling, or may be determined by the UE, which is not limited in this application. The value of T may be pre-configured, may be notified to the UE by the base station through signaling, or may be determined by the UE, which is not limited in this application. Exemplarily, the method for determining b, M, and T can refer to the corresponding patent application filed to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on March 19, 2019, with the application number 201910207314.1, titled "Method and Communication Device for Data Transmission" description.

在本申请实施例中，信令可以是半静态信令和/或动态信令。其中，在本申请实施例中，A和/或B可以表示A、B、或者A和B。In the embodiment of the present application, the signaling may be semi-static signaling and/or dynamic signaling. Wherein, in the embodiments of the present application, A and/or B may represent A, B, or A and B.

半静态信令可以是无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)信令、广播消息、***消息、或媒体接入控制(medium access control，MAC)控制元素(control element，CE)。其中，广播消息可以包括剩余最小***消息(remaining minimum system information，RMSI)。The semi-static signaling may be radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast message, system message, or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE). Among them, the broadcast message may include remaining minimum system information (RMSI).

动态信令可以是物理层信令。物理层信令可以是物理控制信道携带的信令或者物理数据信道携带的信令。其中，物理数据信道可以是下行信道，例如物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)。物理控制信道可以是物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)、增强物理下行控制信道(enhanced physical downlink control channel,EPDCCH)、窄带物理下行控制信道(narrowband physical downlink control channel,NPDCCH)或机器类通信物理下行控制信道(machine type communication(MTC)physical downlink control channel，MPDCCH)。其中，PDCCH或EPDCCH携带的信令还可以称为下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)。物理控制信道还可以是物理边链路控制信道(physical sidelink control channel)，物理副链路控制信道携带的信令还可以称为边链路控制信息(sidelink control information，SCI)。The dynamic signaling may be physical layer signaling. The physical layer signaling may be signaling carried by a physical control channel or signaling carried by a physical data channel. Among them, the physical data channel may be a downlink channel, for example, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The physical control channel can be a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH), a narrowband physical downlink control channel (narrowband physical downlink control channel, NPDCCH), or a machine type. Communication physical downlink control channel (machine type communication (MTC) physical downlink control channel, MPDCCH). Among them, the signaling carried by the PDCCH or EPDCCH may also be referred to as downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI). The physical control channel may also be a physical sidelink control channel (physical sidelink control channel), and the signaling carried by the physical secondary link control channel may also be referred to as sidelink control information (SCI).

下面，针对图1涉及的方法，介绍第二符号集合。其中，第二符号集合可以用于In the following, for the method involved in FIG. 1, the second symbol set is introduced. Among them, the second set of symbols can be used 确定第一符号集合。Determine the first set of symbols.

可选地，第二符号集合是预配置的。例如预配置第二符号集合中的调制符号，和/或预配置输入比特的比特值和第二符号集合中的调制符号之间的映射关系。在本申请实施例中，输入比特的比特值和第二符号集合中的调制符号之间的映射关系还可以称为第二星座图。可选地，第二符号集合和/或第二星座图也可以是基站通过信令为UE指示的。Optionally, the second symbol set is pre-configured. For example, the modulation symbols in the second symbol set are pre-configured, and/or the mapping relationship between the bit value of the input bit and the modulation symbols in the second symbol set is pre-configured. In the embodiment of the present application, the mapping relationship between the bit value of the input bit and the modulation symbol in the second symbol set may also be referred to as a second constellation diagram. Optionally, the second symbol set and/or the second constellation diagram may also be indicated by the base station for the UE through signaling.

在一种可能的实现中，第二符号集合中的调制符号间是正交的。在本申请实施例中，对于任意两个维度相同的调制符号R1和R2，假设他们都是k1行k2列的矩阵，这两个调制符号正交时，满足

对于任意i1满足

对于任意i2满足

或者R1×R2 ^H等于0、R1 ^H×R2等于0、R1 ^H×R2等于全0矩阵或者R1×R2 ^H等于全0矩阵。其中，*表示共轭，R1 ^H表示R1的共轭转置，R2 ^H表示R2的共轭转置，R1 _i1,i2表示R1的第i1行第i2列的元素，R2 _i1,i2表示R2的第i1行第i2列的元素，i1是取值范围为1至k1的整数，i2是取值范围为1至k2的整数。全0矩阵表示该矩阵的元素全部等于0。 In a possible implementation, the modulation symbols in the second symbol set are orthogonal. In the embodiment of this application, for any two modulation symbols R1 and R2 with the same dimension, it is assumed that they are both a matrix of k1 rows and k2 columns. When the two modulation symbols are orthogonal, it satisfies

For any i1 satisfies

For any i2 satisfies

Or R1 × R2 ^H is equal to 0, R1 ^H × R2 is equal to 0, R1 ^H × R2 is equal to a matrix of all 0s, or R1 × R2 ^H is equal to a matrix of all 0s. Among them, * represents conjugate, R1 ^H represents the conjugate transpose of R1, R2 ^H represents the conjugate transpose of R2, R1 _{i1, i2} represents the element in the i1th row and i2th column of R1, and R2 _{i1, i2} represents the R2’s For the element in row i1 and column i2, i1 is an integer ranging from 1 to k1, and i2 is an integer ranging from 1 to k2. An all-zero matrix means that all elements of the matrix are equal to zero.

示例性地，第二符号集合中的调制符号可以是根据第一初始矩阵C ₀和扩展矩阵A _s得到的。第二符号集合中的任一个调制符号是M×T维的矩阵，该任一个调制符号中包括M×T个复数，当T可以表示为T＝k×2 ^a时，k为奇数，则：

其中，i是取值范围为1至a的整数，C ₀是M×k维的全1矩阵，

C _a中的每M行T列所对应的元素(还可以称为M行T列部分)为第二符号集合中的一个调制符号中的元素。通过该方法，可以生成调制映射能力为a比特的第二符号集合，即第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，且该2 ^a个调制符号之间两两正交。可以将第二符号集合中的2 ^a个调制符号和a比特的2 ^a种可能的比特值一一对应，得到第二星座图。 Illustratively, the modulation symbols of the second set of symbols may be obtained according to the original matrix C ₀ and a first extended matrix A _s. Any modulation symbol in the second symbol set is an M×T-dimensional matrix, and any modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers. When T can be expressed as T=k×2 ^a , k is an odd number, then:

Among them, i is an integer ranging from 1 to a, C ₀ is an M×k-dimensional all-one matrix,

The element corresponding to each M rows and T columns in C _a (may also be referred to as the M rows and T columns part) is an element in one modulation symbol in the second symbol set. With this method, a second symbol set with a modulation mapping capability of a bit can be generated, that is, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and the 2 ^a modulation symbols are orthogonal to each other. You may be a second set of symbols 2 ^a modulation symbol and a bit 2 ^a possible one-bit value to obtain the second constellation map.

该方法中，C _a中可以包括大于2 ^a个M行T列部分，此时，可以从C _a中任意取2 ^a个M行T列部分作为第二符号集合中的2 ^a个调制符号，也可以按照预定义的规则从C _a中取2 ^a个M行T列部分作为第二符号集合中的2 ^a个调制符号，本申请实施例不做限制。例如，可以从矩阵C _a的左上角、右下角或者其它位置取2 ^a个M行T列部分作为第二符号集合中的2 ^a个调制符号。 In this method, may comprise greater than C _a 2 ^a M-row, T-column portions, at this time, can be taken from any of C _a 2 ^a M-row, T-column as part of the second symbol 2 ^a set of modulation symbols, It is also possible to take 2 ^a M rows and T column parts from C _a according to a predefined rule as the 2 ^a modulation symbols in the second symbol set, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application. For example, 2 ^a M rows and T columns can be taken from the upper left corner, lower right corner or other positions of the matrix C _a as 2 ^a modulation symbols in the second symbol set.

在本申请实施例中，

表示克罗内克积。示例性地，对于矩阵A和矩阵B求克罗内克积时，将矩阵A中的每个元素分别和矩阵B相乘，即

其中矩阵A是大小为m×n的矩阵，a ₁₁表示矩阵A中第一行第一列的元素，a _1n表示矩阵A中第一行第n列的元素，a _m1表示矩阵A中第m行第一列的元素，a _mn表示矩阵A中第m行第n列的元素，其中，m和n为正整数。 In the embodiments of this application,

Represents Kronecker product. Exemplarily, when calculating the Kronecker product of matrix A and matrix B, each element in matrix A is multiplied by matrix B, namely

The matrix A is a matrix of size m×n, a ₁₁ represents the element in the first row and the first column of matrix A, a _1n represents the element in the first row and the nth column of matrix A, and a _m1 represents the m-th column in matrix A. The element in the first column of the row, a _mn represents the element in the mth row and the nth column of the matrix A, where m and n are positive integers.

示例性地，第二符号集合中的任一个调制符号是M×T＝1×12维的矩阵，由于T＝k×2 ^a＝3×2 ²，则C ₀是M×k＝1×3维的全1矩阵[1,1,1]，通过扩展矩阵A _s对C ₀进行扩展，直至C _a＝C ₂： Exemplarily, any modulation symbol in the second symbol set is a matrix of M×T=1×12 dimensions. Since T=k×2 ^a =3×2 ² , then C ₀ is M×k=1×3 For the one-dimensional matrix [1,1,1], C ₀ is expanded by the expansion matrix A _s until C _a =C ₂ :

则，C ₂中的每1行12列所对应的元素为第二符号集合中的一个调制符号中的元素，即第二符号集合中包括4个调制符号，该4个调制符号分别为： Then, the element corresponding to each row and 12 columns in C ₂ is an element in one modulation symbol in the second symbol set, that is, the second symbol set includes 4 modulation symbols, and the 4 modulation symbols are:

[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]、[1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1]、[1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1]和[1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,1]。该4个调制符号两两之间正交，例如该4个调制符号中任意两个调制符号X ₁和X ₂:X ₁×(X ₂) ^T＝0，其中(X ₂) ^T表示X ₂的转置。通过该方法，可以保证一个调制符号中的每个元素恒模(即每个元素的幅值或幅度相同)，或者可以保证每个调制符号的每个元素为BPSK符号，例如每个元素的值为1或-1。通过该方法，可以使得调制符号中各元素的功率一致，因此可以降低发送端所发送的数据的PAPR，有利于发送端的硬件实现。 [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,1,-1 ,-1,-1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1] and [1,1,1,-1, -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,1]. The four modulation symbols are orthogonal to each other, for example, any two modulation symbols X ₁ and X ₂ among the four modulation symbols: X ₁ ×(X ₂ ) ^T =0, where (X ₂ ) ^T represents X ₂ The transposition. Through this method, it is possible to ensure that each element in a modulation symbol has a constant modulus (that is, the amplitude or amplitude of each element is the same), or it can ensure that each element of each modulation symbol is a BPSK symbol, such as the value of each element It is 1 or -1. Through this method, the power of each element in the modulation symbol can be made consistent, so the PAPR of the data sent by the sending end can be reduced, which is beneficial to the hardware implementation of the sending end.

在实际应用中，还可以采用其他方法确定第二符号集合，本申请不做限制。In practical applications, other methods can also be used to determine the second symbol set, which is not limited in this application.

下面，针对图1涉及的方法，介绍根据第二符号集合确定第一符号集合的方法。In the following, with respect to the method involved in FIG. 1, a method for determining the first symbol set according to the second symbol set is introduced.

可选地，在图1涉及的方法中，第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，包括：对于第一符号集合中的一个调制符号，该调制符号包括于第二符号集合中；或者该调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。或者该方法可以描述为：第一符号集合中包括第二符号集合中的调制符号，第一符号集合中不属于第二符号集合的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。通过该方法，复用第二符号集合中的调制符号作为第一符号集合的调制符号，既可以保持这部分调制符号的大距离特性，提高解调正确率，又可以节省确定第一符号集合时的计算资源，无需对第一符号集合中每一个调制符号重新确定。该方法中，第一符号集合的调制映射能力可以大于、或等于第二符号集合的调制映射能力，本申请不做限制。Optionally, in the method involved in FIG. 1, the first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set, including: for one modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is included in the second symbol set ; Or the modulation symbol is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set. Or the method can be described as: the first symbol set includes modulation symbols in the second symbol set, and a modulation symbol in the first symbol set that does not belong to the second symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set . Through this method, multiplexing the modulation symbols in the second symbol set as the modulation symbols of the first symbol set can not only maintain the large distance characteristics of this part of the modulation symbols, improve the demodulation accuracy rate, but also save the time when determining the first symbol set. It is not necessary to re-determine every modulation symbol in the first symbol set. In this method, the modulation mapping capability of the first symbol set may be greater than or equal to the modulation mapping capability of the second symbol set, which is not limited in this application.

可选地，第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的，包括：第一符号集合中的该一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的该一个调制符号和生成矩阵确定的。Optionally, one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to one modulation symbol in the second symbol set, including: the one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is based on the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set The symbol and generator matrix are determined.

在第一种可能的实现中，对于第一符号集合中的任一个调制符号，该调制符号为第二符号集合中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与联合生成矩阵进行点乘(符号表示为：·)得到的调制符号。第一符号集合包括第二符号集合中的调制符号，以及第二符号集合中的每个调制符号分别与联合生成矩阵进行点乘得到的符号。其中，该联合生成矩阵等于t个基础生成矩阵中的一个基础生成矩阵，或者等于该t个基础生成矩阵中p个基础生成矩进行点乘得到的生成矩阵，p是取值范围为2至t的整数。其中，t为整数，t等于第一符号集合的调制映射能力b减去第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。In the first possible implementation, for any modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, or the modulation symbol is equal to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set and the joint Generate the modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying the matrix (symbol is represented as: ·). The first symbol set includes modulation symbols in the second symbol set, and each modulation symbol in the second symbol set is respectively dot-multiplied with the joint generating matrix. Among them, the joint generator matrix is equal to one of the t basic generator matrices, or equal to the generator matrix obtained by dot multiplying p basic generator moments in the t basic generator matrices, and p is a value ranging from 2 to t The integer. Where, t is an integer, and t is equal to the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set minus the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set.

在本申请实施例中，联合生成矩阵还可以称为第一生成矩阵或者其它名称；基础生成矩阵还可以称为第二生成矩阵或者其它名称，本申请不做限制。In the embodiments of the present application, the joint generator matrix may also be referred to as the first generator matrix or other names; the basic generator matrix may also be referred to as the second generator matrix or other names, which is not limited in this application.

上述方法还可以描述为：对于第一符号集合中的一个调制符号，该调制符号为第二符号集合中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与p个基础生成矩进行点乘(符号表示为：·)得到的调制符号。第一符号集合包括第二符号集合中的调制符号，以及第二符号集合中的每个调制符号与p个基础生成矩进行点乘得到的符号。其中，p是取值范围为2至t的整数。其中，t为整数，t等于第一符号集合的映射能力b减去第二符号集合的映射能力a。The above method can also be described as: for one modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, or the modulation symbol is equal to one modulation symbol in the second symbol set and p base generations Modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying the moments (symbols are: ·). The first symbol set includes modulation symbols in the second symbol set, and symbols obtained by dot-multiplying each modulation symbol in the second symbol set with p basic generating moments. Among them, p is an integer ranging from 2 to t. Where t is an integer, and t is equal to the mapping capability b of the first symbol set minus the mapping capability a of the second symbol set.

在本申请实施例中，矩阵A和矩阵B进行点乘可以描述为矩阵A的元素和矩阵B的元素一一对应地分别相乘，得到矩阵C，其中，矩阵A和矩阵B的维度相同，即矩阵A和矩阵B的行数和列数分别相同。示例性地，矩阵A和矩阵B的每个元素均为复数，矩阵A和矩阵B分别为2×4的矩阵，则矩阵A、矩阵B、以及矩阵A和矩阵B进行点乘后得到的矩阵C表示如下：In the embodiment of the present application, the dot multiplication of matrix A and matrix B can be described as the elements of matrix A and matrix B are respectively multiplied one by one to obtain matrix C, where matrix A and matrix B have the same dimensions, That is, the number of rows and columns of matrix A and matrix B are the same. Exemplarily, each element of matrix A and matrix B is a complex number, and matrix A and matrix B are respectively 2×4 matrices, then matrix A, matrix B, and matrix A and matrix B are obtained by dot multiplication C means as follows:

在本申请实施例中，还可以进行多个矩阵的点乘，表示该多个矩阵的元素一一对应地分别相乘，该多个矩阵的维度相同，即该多个矩阵的行数和列数分别相同。示例性地，矩阵A、矩阵B和矩阵D的每个元素均为复数，矩阵A、矩阵B和矩阵D分别为2×4的矩阵，则矩阵A、矩阵B、矩阵D、以及矩阵A、矩阵B和矩阵D进行点乘后得到的矩阵C表示如下：In the embodiment of the present application, it is also possible to perform dot multiplication of multiple matrices, which means that the elements of the multiple matrices are respectively multiplied in a one-to-one correspondence. The numbers are the same. Exemplarily, each element of matrix A, matrix B, and matrix D is a complex number, and matrix A, matrix B, and matrix D are respectively 2×4 matrices, then matrix A, matrix B, matrix D, and matrix A, The matrix C obtained after matrix B and matrix D is multiplied by dots is expressed as follows:

示例性地，第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于2，第二符号集合中共包括2 ²＝4个调制符号，该4个调制符号分别记为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃和I ₄。如果第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于3，则第一符号集合中包括2 ³＝8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃、I ₄、I ₁·G ₁、I ₂·G ₁、I ₃·G ₁和I ₄·G ₁，其中，G ₁表示第一个基础生成矩阵。 Exemplarily, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 2, and the second symbol set includes 2 ² =4 modulation symbols in total, and the 4 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ and I ₄ . If the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 3, the first symbol set includes 2 ³ = 8 modulation symbols, and the 8 modulation symbols are I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ , I ₁ . G ₁ , I ₂ ·G ₁ , I ₃ ·G ₁ and I ₄ ·G ₁ , where G ₁ represents the first basic generator matrix.

再示例性地，第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于2，第二符号集合中共包括2 ²＝4个调制符号，该4个调制符号分别记为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃和I ₄。如果第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于4，则第一符号集合中包括2 ⁴＝16个调制符号，该16个调制符号分别为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃、I ₄、I ₁·G ₁、I ₂·G ₁、I ₃·G ₁、I ₄·G ₁、I ₁·G ₂、I ₂·G ₂、I ₃·G ₂、I ₄·G ₂、I ₁·G ₁·G ₂、I ₂·G ₁·G ₂、I ₃·G ₁·G ₂和I ₄·G ₁·G ₂，其中，G ₁表示第1个基础生成矩阵，G ₂表示第2个基础生成矩阵。 For another example, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 2, and the second symbol set includes 2 ² = 4 modulation symbols in total, and the 4 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ and I ₄ . If the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 4, the first symbol set includes 2 ⁴ = 16 modulation symbols, and the 16 modulation symbols are I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ , I ₁ . G ₁ , I ₂ · G ₁ , I ₃ · G ₁ , I ₄ · G ₁ , I ₁ · G ₂ , I ₂ · G ₂ , I ₃ · G ₂ , I ₄ · G ₂ , I ₁ · G ₁ ·G ₂ , I ₂ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ , I ₃ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ and I ₄ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ , where G ₁ represents the first basic generator matrix and G ₂ represents the second basis Generate matrix.

在第二种可能的实现中，符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵确定的，其中，符号集合j+1和符号集合j中各自包括正整数个调制符号，j是取值范围为1至t的整数，t为整数，t等于第一符号集合的调制映射能力b减去第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。当j取值为1时，符号集合j为第二符号集合；当j取值为t时，根据符号集合j得到的符号集合j+1为第一符号集合。符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵确定的，包括：对于符号集合j+1中的一个调制符号，该调制符号是符号集合j中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于符号集合j中的一个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号。符号集合j+1包括符号集合j中的调制符号，以及符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别与第j个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号。In the second possible implementation, the symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the j-th basic generating matrix, where the symbol set j+1 and the symbol set j each include a positive integer number of modulation symbols, j Is an integer ranging from 1 to t, t is an integer, and t is equal to the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set minus the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set. When the value of j is 1, the symbol set j is the second symbol set; when the value of j is t, the symbol set j+1 obtained from the symbol set j is the first symbol set. The symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the j-th basic generating matrix, including: for a modulation symbol in the symbol set j+1, the modulation symbol is the modulation symbol in the symbol set j, or the modulation symbol It is equal to a modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying a modulation symbol in the symbol set j and the j-th basic generator matrix. The symbol set j+1 includes the modulation symbols in the symbol set j, and each modulation symbol in the symbol set j is dot-multiplied with the j-th basic generator matrix.

对于符号集合j+1，该符号集合中包括符号集合j中的2 ^a+j-1个调制符号，以及符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的2 ^a+j-1个调制符号时，符号集合j+1的调制映射能力为a+j。 For symbol set j+1, the symbol set includes 2 ^a+j-1 modulation symbols in symbol set j, and each modulation symbol in symbol set j is dot-multiplied by the j-th basic generator matrix. ^{When there are a+j-1} modulation symbols, the modulation mapping capability of symbol set j+1 is a+j.

可选地，对于符号集合j+1的星座图，可以使比特值0至2 ^a+j-1-1分别一一对应于符号集合j中的2 ^a+j-1个调制符号，可以使得比特值2 ^a+j-1至2 ^a+j-1分别一一对应于符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的2 ^a+j-1个调制符号。 Optionally, for the constellation diagram of symbol set j+1, the bit values 0 to 2 ^a+j-1 -1 can respectively correspond to the 2 ^a+j-1 modulation symbols in symbol set j, so that The bit values 2 ^a+j-1 to 2 ^a+j -1 correspond to each modulation symbol in the symbol set j, respectively, and the 2 ^a+j-1 modulation symbols obtained by the point multiplication of the j-th basic generator matrix. .

可选地，对于符号集合j+1的星座图，可以以步长为2，使比特值0至2 ^a+j-2分别一一对应于符号集合j中的2 ^a+j-1个调制符号，使比特值1至2 ^a+j-1分别一一对应于符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的2 ^a+j个调制符号。例如，比特值0对应符号集合j中的第1个调制符号，比特值1对应于符号集合j中的第1个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的调制符号；比特值2对应符号集合j中的第2个调制符号，比特值3对应于符号集合j中的第2个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的调制符号；比特值4对应符号集合j中的第3个调制符号，比特值5对应于符号集合j中的第3个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的调制符号；以此类推。 Optionally, for the constellation diagram of the symbol set j+1, the step size may be 2, so that the bit values 0 to 2 ^a+j -2 respectively correspond to the 2 ^a+j-1 modulations in the symbol set j one by one. Symbols, so that the bit values 1 to 2 ^a+j -1 respectively correspond to the 2 ^a+j modulation symbols obtained by point-multiplying each modulation symbol in the symbol set j by the j-th basic generator matrix. For example, a bit value of 0 corresponds to the first modulation symbol in symbol set j, and a bit value of 1 corresponds to the modulation symbol obtained by the dot product of the first modulation symbol in symbol set j and the j-th basic generator matrix; bit value 2 corresponds to For the second modulation symbol in the symbol set j, the bit value 3 corresponds to the modulation symbol obtained by the dot multiplication of the second modulation symbol in the symbol set j and the j-th basic generator matrix; the bit value 4 corresponds to the first modulation symbol in the symbol set j There are 3 modulation symbols, and the bit value 5 corresponds to the modulation symbol obtained by point multiplication of the 3rd modulation symbol in the symbol set j and the jth basic generator matrix; and so on.

可选地，对于符号集合j+1的星座图，相邻比特值(比特值的十进制差值等于1或-1，例如000和001，或者010和011；或者仅有一个比特的比特值不同，例如001和101，或者001和011，或者001和000)对应的调制符号的距离小于阈值。在实际应用中，对于符号集合j+1的星座图还可以有其它的设计方式，本申请实施例不做限制。Optionally, for the constellation diagram of symbol set j+1, adjacent bit values (the decimal difference of bit values is equal to 1 or -1, for example, 000 and 001, or 010 and 011; or only one bit has a different bit value , Such as 001 and 101, or 001 and 011, or 001 and 000) corresponding to the modulation symbol distance is less than the threshold. In practical applications, there may be other design methods for the constellation diagram of the symbol set j+1, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

示例性地，第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于2，第二符号集合中共包括2 ²＝4个调制符号，该4个调制符号分别记为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃和I ₄。如果第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于4，则符号集合1为第二符号集合，根据符号集合1和第1个基础生成矩阵G ₁得到符号集合2，符号集合2中包括8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别为：I ₁、I ₂、I ₃、I ₄、I ₁·G ₁、I ₂·G ₁、I ₃·G ₁、I ₄·G ₁。根据符号集合2和第2个基础生成矩阵G ₂得到符号集合3，符号集合3中包括16个符号，该16个调制符号分别为I ₁、I ₂、I ₃、I ₄、I ₁·G ₁、I ₂·G ₁、I ₃·G ₁、I ₄·G ₁、I ₁·G ₂、I ₂·G ₂、I ₃·G ₂、I ₄·G ₂、I ₁·G ₁·G ₂、I ₂·G ₁·G ₂、I ₃·G ₁·G ₂和I ₄·G ₁·G ₂。将符号集合3作为第一符号集合。 Exemplarily, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 2, and the second symbol set includes 2 ² =4 modulation symbols in total, and the 4 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ and I ₄ . If the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 4, then the symbol set 1 is the second symbol set, and the symbol set 2 is obtained according to the symbol set 1 and the first basic generating matrix G ₁ , and the symbol set 2 includes 8 modulation symbols , The 8 modulation symbols are: I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ , I ₁ ·G ₁ , I ₂ ·G ₁ , I ₃ ·G ₁ , I ₄ ·G ₁ . According to the symbol set 2 and the second basic generator matrix G _{2 to} obtain the symbol set 3, the symbol set 3 includes 16 symbols, and the 16 modulation symbols are respectively I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ , I ₁ ·G _1. I ₂ · G ₁ , I ₃ · G ₁ , I ₄ · G ₁ , I ₁ · G ₂ , I ₂ · G ₂ , I ₃ · G ₂ , I ₄ · G ₂ , I ₁ · G ₁ · G ₂ , I ₂ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ , I ₃ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ and I ₄ ·G ₁ ·G ₂ . Set symbol set 3 as the first symbol set.

示例性地，图3所示为发送端根据本申请实施例提供的一个方法进行调制的流程图。图401描述了一次调制过程。如图3所示，发送端可以确定第二符号集合，第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号。 Exemplarily, FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of modulation performed by the sending end according to a method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 401 describes the primary modulation process. As shown in FIG. 3, the transmitting end may determine a second symbol set, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols.

对于输入比特，该输入比特中包括b个比特，如果b大于a，且b-a＝t。发送端可以根据第二符号集合得到第一符号集合，例如发送端可以以第二符号集合作为第1个符号集合，循环进行t组矩阵扩展操作：将第j个符号集合中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的调制符号，和第j个符号集合中的调制符号一起，作为第j+1个符号集合。其中，j分别取值1至t，将第t+1个符号集合作为调制符号集合。发送端根据调制符号集合对输入比特进行调制。For input bits, the input bits include b bits, if b is greater than a, and b-a=t. The sending end can obtain the first symbol set according to the second symbol set. For example, the sending end can use the second symbol set as the first symbol set, and perform t-group matrix expansion operations cyclically: each modulation symbol in the j-th symbol set The modulation symbols obtained by dot multiplying with the j-th basic generator matrix and the modulation symbols in the j-th symbol set are used as the j+1-th symbol set. Among them, j takes values 1 to t respectively, and the t+1th symbol set is used as the modulation symbol set. The transmitting end modulates the input bits according to the set of modulation symbols.

可选地，对于输入比特，如果b小于a，则将第二符号集合中的2 ^b个调制符号作为调制符号集合中的调制符号。发送端根据调制符号集合对输入比特进行调制。第二种可能的实现等效于第一种可能的实现的一种具体实现。 Optionally, for the input bit, if b is less than a, then 2 ^b modulation symbols in the second symbol set are used as modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set. The transmitting end modulates the input bits according to the set of modulation symbols. The second possible realization is equivalent to a specific realization of the first possible realization.

在第三种可能的实现中，对于第一符号集合中的任一个调制符号，该调制符号为第二符号集合中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与联合生成矩阵进行点乘(符号表示为：·)得到的调制符号。第一符号集合包括第二符号集合中的调制符号，以及第二符号集合中的调制符号分别与联合生成矩阵进行点乘得到的符号。其中，该联合生成矩阵等于t个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵，或者等于该t个基础生成矩阵组中p个基础生成矩阵组中的p个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的生成矩阵，其中，该p个基础生成矩阵组中的每一个包括该p个基础生成矩阵中的一个基础生成矩阵，即该p个基础生成矩阵一对一地包括于该p个基础生成矩阵组中。t为整数。当t大于或等于2时，p是取值范围为2至t的整数。其中，该t个基础生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括

个基础生成矩阵，且满足

其中，C _j为大于或等于0的整数(如1、2、3或其它值)，j是取值范围为1至t的整数。不同基础生成矩阵组的C _j可以相同，也可以不同。示例性地，当不同基础生成矩阵组的相同C _j时，

b为第一符号集合的调制映射能力b，a为第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。当每个基础生成矩阵组的C _j都等于1时，第三种可能的实现等效于上述第一种可能的实现。 In the third possible implementation, for any modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, or the modulation symbol is equal to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set and the joint Generate the modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying the matrix (symbol is represented as: ·). The first symbol set includes the modulation symbols in the second symbol set, and the modulation symbols in the second symbol set are respectively dot-multiplied by the joint generating matrix. Wherein, the joint generator matrix is equal to one basic generator matrix in one of the t basic generator matrix groups, or equal to p basic generator matrices in the p basic generator matrix groups in the t basic generator matrix groups A generator matrix obtained by performing a dot multiplication, wherein each of the p basic generator matrix groups includes one of the p basic generator matrices, that is, the p basic generator matrices are included in the p one-to-one A basic generator matrix group. t is an integer. When t is greater than or equal to 2, p is an integer ranging from 2 to t. Among them, the j-th group of the t basic generator matrix groups includes

A basic generator matrix, and satisfies

Wherein, C _j is an integer greater than or equal to 0 (such as 1, 2, 3, or other values), and j is an integer ranging from 1 to t. C _{j of} different basic generator matrix groups can be the same or different. Exemplarily, when different bases generate the same C _{j of the} matrix group,

b is the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set, and a is the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set. When C _{j of} each basic generator matrix group is equal to 1, the third possible realization is equivalent to the first possible realization mentioned above.

在本申请实施例中，基础生成矩阵组还可以称为第二生成矩阵组或者其它名称，本申请不做限制。In the embodiment of the present application, the basic generator matrix group may also be referred to as the second generator matrix group or other names, which is not limited in this application.

上述方法还可以描述为：对于第一符号集合中的一个调制符号，该调制符号为第二符号集合中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与一个基础生成矩进行点乘得到的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与p个基础生成矩进行点乘(符号表示为：·)得到的调制符号。第一符号集合包括第二符号集合中的调制符号，以及第二符号集合中的每个调制符号与该一个基础生成矩进行点乘得到的调制符号，以及第二符号集合中的每个调制符号与p个基础生成矩进行点乘得到的符号。其中，该一个基础生成矩阵等于t个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵组中的一个。p个基础生成矩阵组中的每个包括该p个基础生成矩阵中的一个基础生成矩阵，该p个基础生成矩阵组包括于t个基础生成矩阵组中。p是取值范围为2至t的整数。The above method can also be described as: for a modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, or the modulation symbol is equal to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set and a basic generating moment The modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying, or the modulation symbol is equal to the modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying one modulation symbol in the second symbol set and p basic generating moments (the symbol is expressed as: ·). The first symbol set includes the modulation symbols in the second symbol set, and the modulation symbols obtained by dot-multiplying each modulation symbol in the second symbol set with the one basic generating moment, and each modulation symbol in the second symbol set The symbol obtained by dot product with p basic generating moments. Wherein, the one basic generator matrix is equal to one of the t basic generator matrix groups. Each of the p basic generator matrix groups includes one of the p basic generator matrix groups, and the p basic generator matrix groups are included in the t basic generator matrix groups. p is an integer ranging from 2 to t.

示例性地，b-a＝6,第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于3，第二符号集合中共包括2 ³＝8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别记为I ₁～I ₈。第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于9，则第一符号集合中包括2 ⁹＝512个调制符号，则可以存在2个基础生成矩阵组，每个组内有7个基础生成矩阵。其中第一组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₁～G ₇，第二组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₈～G ₁₄。则第一符号集合中的512个调制符号分别为I ₁～I ₈、I _ii·G _jj、I _ii·G _u·G _v，其中，ii＝1～8,jj＝1～14,u＝1～7,v＝8～14。其中，符号“～”表示“至”，例如1～8表示从1到8共8个整数。 Exemplarily, ba=6, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 3, and the second symbol set includes a total of 2 ³ =8 modulation symbols, and the 8 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ to I ₈ . The modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 9, and the first symbol set includes 2 ⁹ =512 modulation symbols, and there may be 2 basic generator matrix groups, and each group has 7 basic generator matrices. The basic generator matrices of the first group are denoted as G ₁ ～G ₇ , and the basic generator matrices of the second group are denoted as G ₈ ～G _{14 respectively} . Then the 512 modulation symbols in the first symbol set are I ₁ ～I ₈ , I _ii ·G _jj , I _ii ·G _u ·G _v , where ii=1～8, jj=1～14, u= 1～7, v=8～14. Wherein, the symbol "~" means "to", for example, 1-8 means 8 integers from 1 to 8.

再示例性地，b-a＝5,第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于3，第二符号集合中共包括2 ³＝8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别记为I ₁～I ₈。第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于8，则第一符号集合中包括2 ⁸＝256个调制符号，则可以存在2个基础生成矩阵组，第一组和第二组分别包括3个和7个基础生成矩阵，其中第一组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₁～G ₃，第二组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₄～G ₁₀。则第一符号集合中的256个调制符号分别为I ₁～I ₈、I _ii·G _jj、I _ii·G _u·G _v，其中，ii＝1～8,jj＝1～10,u＝1～3,v＝4～10。 For another example, ba=5, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 3, and the second symbol set includes a total of 2 ³ =8 modulation symbols, and the 8 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ to I ₈ . The modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 8, then the first symbol set includes 2 ⁸ =256 modulation symbols, then there may be 2 basic generator matrix groups, the first group and the second group include 3 and 7 respectively There are two basic generator matrices, where the basic generator matrices of the first group are denoted as G ₁ ～G ₃ , and the basic generator matrices of the second group are denoted as G ₄ ～G _{10 respectively} . Then the 256 modulation symbols in the first symbol set are I ₁ ～I ₈ , I _ii ·G _jj , I _ii ·G _u ·G _v , where ii=1～8, jj=1～10, u= 1～3, v=4～10.

在第四种可能的实现中，符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的基础生成矩阵确定的，其中，符号集合j+1和符号集合j中各自包括正整数个调制符号，j是取值范围为1至t的整数。当j取值为1时，符号集合j为第二符号集合；当j取值为t时，根据符号集合j得到的符号集合j+1为第一符号集合。符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵组确定的，包括：对于符号集合j+1中的一个调制符号，该调制符号是符号集合j中的调制符号，或者该调制符号等于符号集合j中的一个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号。符号集合j+1包括符号集合j中的调制符号，以及符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别与第j个基础生成矩阵组中的每一个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的所有调制符号。其中，该t个基础生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括

个基础生成矩阵，

其中，C _j为整数(如0、1、2、3或其它值)，j是取值范围为1至t的整数。不同基础生成矩阵组的C _j可以相同，也可以不同。示例性地，当不同基础生成矩阵组的相同C _j时，

b为第一符号集合的调制映射能力b，a为第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。当每个基础生成矩阵组的C _j都等于1时，第四种可能的实现等效于上述第二种可能的实现。第四种可能的实现等效于第三种可能的实现的一种具体实现。 In the fourth possible implementation, the symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group, where the symbol set j+1 and the symbol set j each include positive An integer number of modulation symbols, j is an integer ranging from 1 to t. When the value of j is 1, the symbol set j is the second symbol set; when the value of j is t, the symbol set j+1 obtained from the symbol set j is the first symbol set. The symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the j-th basic generator matrix group, including: for a modulation symbol in the symbol set j+1, the modulation symbol is the modulation symbol in the symbol set j, or the modulation The symbol is equal to a modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying a modulation symbol in the symbol set j and a basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group. The symbol set j+1 includes modulation symbols in the symbol set j, and all modulation symbols obtained by dot-multiplying each modulation symbol in the symbol set j with each basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group. Among them, the j-th group of the t basic generator matrix groups includes

A basic generator matrix,

Wherein, C _j is an integer (such as 0, 1, 2, 3, or other values), and j is an integer ranging from 1 to t. C _{j of} different basic generator matrix groups can be the same or different. Exemplarily, when different bases generate the same C _{j of the} matrix group,

b is the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set, and a is the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set. When C _{j of} each basic generator matrix group is equal to 1, the fourth possible realization is equivalent to the second possible realization described above. The fourth possible realization is equivalent to a specific realization of the third possible realization.

对于符号集合j+1，该符号集合中包括符号集合j中的

个调制符号，以及符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的每个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的

个调制符号时，符号集合j+1的调制映射能力为

其中，第j个基础生成矩阵组中包括

个基础生成矩阵，第nn个基础生成矩阵组中包括

个基础生成矩阵，nn是整数。且C ₀＝0。一种可能的实现中：对于符号集合j+1的星座图，可以使比特值0至

分别一一对应于符号集合j中的

个调制符号，可以使得比特值

至

分别一一对应于符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的每个基础生成矩阵点乘得到的

个调制符号。一种可能的实现中，对于符号集合j+1的星座图，相邻比特值对应的调制符号的距离小于阈值。在实际应用中，对于符号集合j+1的星座图还可以有其它的设计方式，本申请实施例不做限制。 For the symbol set j+1, the symbol set includes the symbol set j

Modulation symbols, and each modulation symbol in symbol set j is dot-multiplied by each basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group

When modulating symbols, the modulation mapping capability of symbol set j+1 is

Among them, the j-th basic generator matrix group includes

Basic generator matrix, the nnth basic generator matrix group includes

A basic generator matrix, nn is an integer. And C ₀ =0. In a possible implementation: For the constellation diagram of the symbol set j+1, the bit value can be 0 to

Respectively correspond to the symbols in the set j

Modulation symbols, can make the bit value

to

Corresponding one-to-one to each modulation symbol in the symbol set j and each basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group.

Modulation symbols. In a possible implementation, for the constellation diagram of the symbol set j+1, the distance between the modulation symbols corresponding to adjacent bit values is less than the threshold. In practical applications, there may be other design methods for the constellation diagram of the symbol set j+1, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

示例性地，第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于3，第二符号集合中共包括2 ³＝8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别记为I ₁～I ₈。如果第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于9，则可以有2个基础生成矩阵组，每个组内有7个基础生成矩阵，其中第一组的基础生成矩阵分别记作记作G1～G7，第二组的基础生成矩阵分别记作记作G8～G14。符号集合1为第二符号集合，根据符号集合1和第1组基础生成矩阵组中的基础生成矩阵G1～G7得到符号集合2，符号集合2中包括64个调制符号，该64个调制符号分别为：I ₁～I ₈、I _ii·G _jj，其中ii＝1～8,jj＝1～7。根据符号集合2和第2组基础生成矩阵组中的基础生成矩阵G8～G14得到符号集合3，符号集合3中包括512个符号，该512个调制符号分别为I ₁～I ₈、I _ii·G _jj、I _ii·G _u·G _v，其中，ii＝1～8,jj＝1～14,u＝1～7,v＝8～14。将符号集合3作为第一符号集合。 Exemplarily, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 3, and the second symbol set includes a total of 2 ³ = 8 modulation symbols, and the 8 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ to I ₈ . If the modulation and mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 9, then there can be 2 basic generator matrix groups, and each group has 7 basic generator matrices. The basic generator matrices of the first group are denoted as G1～G7. , The basic generator matrix of the second group is denoted as G8～G14. Symbol set 1 is the second symbol set. Symbol set 2 is obtained according to symbol set 1 and the basic generator matrices G1 to G7 in the first basic generator matrix group. Symbol set 2 includes 64 modulation symbols. The 64 modulation symbols are respectively It is: I ₁ ～I ₈ , I _ii ·G _jj , where ii=1～8, jj=1～7. According to the symbol set 2 and the basic generator matrix G8～G14 in the second basic generator matrix group, the symbol set 3 is obtained. The symbol set 3 includes 512 symbols. The 512 modulation symbols are respectively I ₁ ～I ₈ , I _ii · G _jj , I _ii ·G _u ·G _v , where ii=1 to 8, jj=1 to 14, u=1 to 7, and v=8 to 14. Set symbol set 3 as the first symbol set.

可选地，在图1涉及的方法中，第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，包括：第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。通过该方法，第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，可以仅存储第二符号集合，并根据需要通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合，因此可以节省存储空间。该方法中，第一符号集合的调制映射能力可以大于、小于或等于第二符号集合的调制映射能力，本申请不做限制。Optionally, in the method involved in FIG. 1, the first symbol set is obtained according to the second symbol set, including: a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set. Through this method, the first symbol set is obtained from the second symbol set, and only the second symbol set can be stored, and the first symbol set can be obtained from the second symbol set as needed, so storage space can be saved. In this method, the modulation mapping capability of the first symbol set may be greater than, less than or equal to the modulation mapping capability of the second symbol set, which is not limited in this application.

在第五种可能的实现中，对于第一符号集合中的任一个调制符号，该调制符号等于第二符号集合中的一个调制符号与联合生成矩阵进行点乘(符号表示为：·)得到的调制符号。第一符号集合包括第二符号集合中的调制符号分别与联合生成矩阵进行点乘得到的符号。其中，该联合生成矩阵等于t个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵，或者等于该t个基础生成矩阵组中p个基础生成矩阵组中的p个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的生成矩阵，其中，该p个基础生成矩阵组中的每一个包括该p个基础生成矩阵中的一个基础生成矩阵，即该p个基础生成矩阵一对一地包括于该p个基础生成矩阵组中。t为整数。当t大于或等于2时，p是取值范围为2至t的整数。其中，该t个基础生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括

个基础生成矩阵，且满足

b为第一符号集合的调制映射能力b，a为第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。当每个基础生成矩阵组中包括一个全1矩阵时，第五种可能的实现等效于上述第三种可能的实现。当每个基础生成矩阵组的C _j都等于1时，且每个基础生成矩阵组中包括一个全1矩阵时，第五种可能的实现等效于上述第一种可能的实现。其中，全矩阵表示该矩阵的每个元素为1。 In the fifth possible implementation, for any modulation symbol in the first symbol set, the modulation symbol is equal to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set and the joint generator matrix is dotted (the symbol is expressed as: ·). Modulation symbol. The first symbol set includes symbols obtained by dot multiplying the modulation symbols in the second symbol set and the joint generating matrix respectively. Wherein, the joint generator matrix is equal to one basic generator matrix in one of the t basic generator matrix groups, or equal to p basic generator matrices in the p basic generator matrix groups in the t basic generator matrix groups A generator matrix obtained by performing a dot multiplication, wherein each of the p basic generator matrix groups includes one of the p basic generator matrices, that is, the p basic generator matrices are included in the p one-to-one A basic generator matrix group. t is an integer. When t is greater than or equal to 2, p is an integer ranging from 2 to t. Among them, the j-th group of the t basic generator matrix groups includes

A basic generator matrix, and satisfies

b is the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set, and a is the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set. When each basic generator matrix group includes an all-one matrix, the fifth possible realization is equivalent to the third possible realization mentioned above. When C _{j of} each basic generator matrix group is equal to 1, and each basic generator matrix group includes an all-one matrix, the fifth possible realization is equivalent to the first possible realization. Among them, the full matrix means that each element of the matrix is 1.

示例性地，b-a＝6,第二符号集合的调制映射能力a等于3，第二符号集合中共包括2 ³＝8个调制符号，该8个调制符号分别记为I ₁～I ₈。第一符号集合的调制映射能力b等于9，则第一符号集合中包括2 ⁹＝512个调制符号，则可以存在2个基础生成矩阵组，每个组内有8个基础生成矩阵。其中第一组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₁～G ₈，第二组的基础生成矩阵分别记作G ₉～G ₁₆。则第一符号集合中的512个调制符号分别为I _ii·G _jj、I _ii·G _u·G _v，其中，ii＝1～8,jj＝1～16,u＝1～8,v＝9～16。可选地，G ₈和G ₁₆可以为全1矩阵。 Exemplarily, ba=6, the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set is equal to 3, and the second symbol set includes a total of 2 ³ =8 modulation symbols, and the 8 modulation symbols are respectively denoted as I ₁ to I ₈ . The modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set is equal to 9, and the first symbol set includes 2 ⁹ =512 modulation symbols, and there may be 2 basic generator matrix groups, and each group has 8 basic generator matrices. The basic generator matrices of the first group are denoted as G ₁ ～G ₈ , and the basic generator matrices of the second group are denoted as G ₉ ～G _{16 respectively} . Then the 512 modulation symbols in the first symbol set are respectively I _ii · G _jj and I _ii · G _u · G _v , where ii = 1 to 8, jj = 1 to 16, u = 1 to 8, v = 9～16. Optionally, G ₈ and G ₁₆ may be all 1 matrices.

在第六种可能的实现中，符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的基础生成矩阵确定的，其中，符号集合j+1和符号集合j中各自包括正整数个调制符号，j是取值范围为1至t的整数。当j取值为1时，符号集合j为第二符号集合；当j取值为t时，根据符号集合j得到的符号集合j+1为第一符号集合。符号集合j+1是根据符号集合j和第j个基础生成矩阵组确定的，包括：对于符号集合j+1中的一个调制符号，该调制符号等于符号集合j中的一个调制符号和第j个基础生成矩阵组中的一个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号。符号集合j+1包括符号集合j中的每个调制符号分别与第j个基础生成矩阵组中的每一个基础生成矩阵进行点乘得到的所有调制符号。其中，该t个基础生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括2 ^Cj个基础生成矩阵，

b为第一符号集合的调制映射能力b，a为第二符号集合的调制映射能力a。当每个基础生成矩阵组中包括一个全1矩阵时，第六种可能的实现等效于上述第四种可能的实现。当每个基础生成矩阵组的C _j都等于1时，且每个基础生成矩阵组中包括一个全1矩阵时，第六种可能的实现等效于上述第二种可能的实现。第六种可能的实现等效于第五种可能的实现的一种具体实现。 In the sixth possible implementation, the symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group, where the symbol set j+1 and the symbol set j each include positive An integer number of modulation symbols, j is an integer ranging from 1 to t. When the value of j is 1, the symbol set j is the second symbol set; when the value of j is t, the symbol set j+1 obtained from the symbol set j is the first symbol set. The symbol set j+1 is determined according to the symbol set j and the j-th basic generator matrix group, including: for a modulation symbol in the symbol set j+1, the modulation symbol is equal to a modulation symbol in the symbol set j and the j-th modulation symbol A modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying a basic generator matrix in a group of basic generator matrixes. The symbol set j+1 includes all modulation symbols obtained by dot-multiplying each modulation symbol in the symbol set j with each basic generator matrix in the j-th basic generator matrix group. Among them, the j-th group of the t basic generator matrix groups includes 2 ^Cj basic generator matrices,

b is the modulation mapping capability b of the first symbol set, and a is the modulation mapping capability a of the second symbol set. When each basic generator matrix group includes an all-one matrix, the sixth possible realization is equivalent to the fourth possible realization. When C _{j of} each basic generator matrix group is equal to 1, and each basic generator matrix group includes an all-one matrix, the sixth possible realization is equivalent to the second possible realization described above. The sixth possible realization is equivalent to a specific realization of the fifth possible realization.

示例性的，在上述第三种至第六种可能的实现中，若每个调制符号为1*T维的矩阵，且T等于2 ^a，则第j组基础生成矩阵组内的第f个基础生成矩阵的第vv个元素可以表示为

其中，i是虚数单位，i的平方等于-1，j是取值范围为1至t的整数，a表示第二符号集合的调制映射能力。f是大于等于1且小于等于

的整数，T为正整数，l _vv是vv-1转换为二进制后每个2进制位组成的矢量(例如当T＝8，vv＝4时，因为vv-1＝3对应的2进制表达为11，所以l _vv＝[0,1,1])，vv的取值范围为1到T。P _j,f为a*a的二进制矩阵(矩阵的每个元素为0或1)，属于矩阵集合Θ _j，j为1到t的整数，t为基础生成矩阵组的个数。示例性地，对于不同的j或者f，P _j,f不同。其中矩阵集合Θ _j为a*a的二维矩阵组成的集合，其中任意两个矩阵之间的差值矩阵在伽罗华域GF(2)上的的秩小于等于a-2*j+2。例如对于任意两个属于Θ _j的矩阵P _j,f1和P _j,f2，P _j1,f1-P _j2,f2在伽罗华域GF(2)上的秩不大于a-2*j+2。满足上述条件的生成矩阵可以保证第一调制符号集合中任意两个调制符号之间的距离较小，第一调制符号集合中任意两个调制符号之间的距离不小于

进一步的，如果每个调制符号为M*T维的矩阵，M>1，则每个调制符号中包括M个不同的上述1*T维的矩阵，其中，每个1*T维的矩阵对应于该M*T维的矩阵的一行元素。进一步地，可以对该M*T维的矩阵进行能量归一化，得到归一化处理后的M*T维的矩阵。例如M＝2时，第一调制符号集合中的调制符号可以表示为

其中A和B为所述的调制符号为1*T的矩阵的调制符号集合中两个不同的调制符号。 Exemplarily, in the third to sixth possible implementations above, if each modulation symbol is a 1*T-dimensional matrix, and T is equal to 2 ^a , then the fth in the j-th basic generator matrix group The vvth element of the basic generator matrix can be expressed as

Among them, i is an imaginary unit, the square of i is equal to -1, j is an integer ranging from 1 to t, and a represents the modulation mapping capability of the second symbol set. f is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to

T is a positive integer, l _vv is a vector of binary digits after vv-1 is converted to binary (for example, when T=8, vv=4, because vv-1=3 corresponds to the binary Expressed as 11, so l _vv =[0,1,1]), the value of vv ranges from 1 to T. P _j,f is a binary matrix of a*a (each element of the matrix is 0 or 1), belonging to the matrix set Θ _j , j is an integer from 1 to t, and t is the number of basic generator matrix groups. Exemplarily, for different j or f, P _{j and f are} different. The matrix set Θ _j is a set of a*a two-dimensional matrices, and the rank of the difference matrix between any two matrices on the Galois field GF(2) is less than or equal to a-2*j+2 . For example, for any two matrices P _j,f1 and P _j,f2 belonging to Θ _j , the rank of P _j1,f1 -P _j2,f2 on the Galois field GF(2) is not greater than a-2*j+2 . The generator matrix meeting the above conditions can ensure that the distance between any two modulation symbols in the first modulation symbol set is small, and the distance between any two modulation symbols in the first modulation symbol set is not less than

Further, if each modulation symbol is an M*T-dimensional matrix, and M>1, then each modulation symbol includes M different 1*T-dimensional matrices, wherein each 1*T-dimensional matrix corresponds to Is a row of elements in the M*T-dimensional matrix. Further, energy normalization can be performed on the M*T-dimensional matrix to obtain a normalized M*T-dimensional matrix. For example, when M=2, the modulation symbols in the first modulation symbol set can be expressed as

Wherein A and B are two different modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set of the 1*T matrix.

在上述通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合的方法中，例如第一种可能的实现至第六种可能的实现中，除第五种和第六种可能的实现中描述的全1矩阵以外，各基础生成矩阵间两两不同。例如，在第一种和第二种可能的实现中，t个基础生成矩阵两两不同；在第三种和第四种可能的实现中，相同和不同基础生成矩阵组中，基础生成矩阵间两两不同；在第五种和第六种可能的实现中，如果每个基础生成矩阵组中包括一个全1矩阵，除这些全1矩阵以外，相同和不同基础生成矩阵组中，基础生成矩阵间两两不同。示例性地，对于任意两个基础生成矩阵，例如对于第一基础生成矩阵和第二基础生成矩阵，第一基础生成矩阵和第二基础生成矩阵不相等；或第一基础生成矩阵和第二基础生成矩阵间无线性关系，不存在常数r，使得r×G _A＝G _B，其中，G _A表示第一基础生成矩阵，G _B表示第二基础生成矩阵，r为复数。 In the above method of obtaining the first symbol set from the second symbol set, for example, the first possible implementation to the sixth possible implementation, except for the all-one matrix described in the fifth and sixth possible implementations , The basic generating matrices are different in pairs. For example, in the first and second possible implementations, t basic generator matrices are different in pairs; in the third and fourth possible realizations, in the same and different basic generator matrix groups, the basic generator matrices Two two are different; in the fifth and sixth possible implementations, if each basic generator matrix group includes an all-one matrix, in addition to these all-one matrices, in the same and different basic generator matrix groups, the basic generator matrix The two are different. Exemplarily, for any two basic generator matrices, for example, for the first basic generator matrix and the second basic generator matrix, the first basic generator matrix and the second basic generator matrix are not equal; or the first basic generator matrix and the second basic generator matrix generate a wireless relationship between a matrix, there is no constant r, such that r × G _A = G _B, wherein, G _A represents the first base generator matrix, G _B represents a second base generator matrix, r is plural.

在上述通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合的方法中，对于其中一个基础生成矩阵，该基础生成矩阵中包括M×T个复数元素。该基础生成矩阵中的元素为恒模符号，例如该基础生成矩阵中每个元素的模是相同的，例如每个元素的模为常数。示例性地，该常数为

在本申请实施例中，对于一个复数m1+j×m2，该复数的模等于

其中，m1为该复数的实部，m2为该复数的虚部，j为虚数单数。其中，该复数的模还可以称为该复数的幅值或幅度。示例性地，该基础生成矩阵中每个元素为一个QPSK符号，例如每个元素的值为

或者

其中i为虚数单位。 In the above method for obtaining the first symbol set through the second symbol set, for one of the basic generator matrixes, the basic generator matrix includes M×T complex number elements. The elements in the basic generator matrix are constant modulus symbols, for example, the modulus of each element in the basic generator matrix is the same, for example, the modulus of each element is a constant. Illustratively, the constant is

In the embodiment of this application, for a complex number m1+j×m2, the modulus of the complex number is equal to

Among them, m1 is the real part of the complex number, m2 is the imaginary part of the complex number, and j is the imaginary singular number. Wherein, the modulus of the complex number can also be referred to as the amplitude or amplitude of the complex number. Exemplarily, each element in the basic generating matrix is a QPSK symbol, for example, the value of each element is

or

Where i is an imaginary unit.

在上述通过第二符号集合得到第一符号集合的方法中，在第一种和第二种可能的实现中，对于一个基础生成矩阵，该基础生成矩阵可以是预配置的，也可以是对符号集合中的调制符号进行线性组合得到的。例如第j个基础生成矩阵是由符号集合j中的调制符号进行线性组合得到的(例如求平均，或者加权求和)，其中，j是取值范围为1至t的整数。In the above method of obtaining the first symbol set through the second symbol set, in the first and second possible implementations, for a basic generator matrix, the basic generator matrix can be pre-configured or can be a symbol The modulation symbols in the set are linearly combined. For example, the j-th basic generator matrix is obtained by linear combination of modulation symbols in the symbol set j (for example, averaging, or weighted summation), where j is an integer ranging from 1 to t.

上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从发送端、接收端、以及发送端和接收端之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，发送端和接收端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。In the above-mentioned embodiments provided in the present application, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are respectively introduced from the perspective of the sending end, the receiving end, and the interaction between the sending end and the receiving end. In order to realize each function in the method provided in the above embodiments of the present application, the sending end and the receiving end may include a hardware structure and/or software module, and the above functions are implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module . Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.

图4是本申请实施例提供的装置400的结构示意图。其中，装置400可以是发送端(例如终端设备或网络设备)或接收端(例如网络设备或终端设备)，能够实现本申请实施例提供的方法；装置400也可以是能够支持发送端或接收端实现本申请实施例提供的方法的装置，装置400可以安装在发送端或接收端中。装置400可以是硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块。装置400可以由芯片***实现。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 400 may be a sending end (for example, a terminal device or a network device) or a receiving end (for example, a network device or a terminal device), which can implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application; the apparatus 400 may also be capable of supporting the sending end or the receiving end. The apparatus for implementing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the apparatus 400 may be installed in the sending end or the receiving end. The apparatus 400 may be a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. The device 400 may be implemented by a chip system.

装置400中包括处理模块402和通信模块404。处理模块402可以生成用于发送的信号，并可以利用通信模块404发送该信号。处理模块402可以利用通信模块404接收信号，并处理该接收到的信号。处理模块402和通信模块404耦合。The device 400 includes a processing module 402 and a communication module 404. The processing module 402 can generate a signal for transmission, and can use the communication module 404 to transmit the signal. The processing module 402 may use the communication module 404 to receive signals and process the received signals. The processing module 402 and the communication module 404 are coupled.

本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或连接，其可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。耦合可以是有线连接，也可以是无线连接。The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules. The coupling can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

在本申请实施例中，通信模块可以是电路、模块、总线、接口、收发器、管脚或者其它可以实现收发功能的装置，本申请实施例不做限制。In the embodiment of the present application, the communication module may be a circuit, a module, a bus, an interface, a transceiver, a pin, or other device that can implement a transceiver function, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit it.

图5是本申请实施例提供的装置500的结构示意图。其中，装置500可以是发送端(例如终端设备或网络设备)或接收端(例如网络设备或终端设备)，能够实现本申请实施例提供的方法；装置500也可以是能够支持发送端或接收端实现本申请实施例提供的方法的装置，比如芯片***，装置500可以安装在发送端或接收端中。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 500 may be a sending end (for example, a terminal device or a network device) or a receiving end (for example, a network device or a terminal device), which can implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application; the apparatus 500 may also be capable of supporting the sending end or the receiving end. For a device that implements the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, such as a chip system, the device 500 may be installed in the sending end or the receiving end.

如图5中所示，装置500中包括处理***502，用于实现或者用于支持发送端或接收端实现本申请实施例提供的方法。处理***502可以是一种电路，该电路可以由芯片***实现。处理***502中包括一个或多个处理器522，可以用于实现或者用于支持发送端或接收端实现本申请实施例提供的方法。当处理***502中包括除处理器 522以外的其它装置时，处理器522还可以用于管理处理***502中包括的其它装置，示例性地，该其它装置可能为下述存储器524、总线526和总线接口528中一个或多个。例如，处理器522可以用于管理存储器524，或者处理器522可以用于管理存储器524、总线526和总线接口528。As shown in FIG. 5, the device 500 includes a processing system 502, which is used to implement or support the sending end or the receiving end to implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The processing system 502 may be a circuit, and the circuit may be implemented by a chip system. The processing system 502 includes one or more processors 522, which can be used to implement or support the sending end or the receiving end to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application. When the processing system 502 includes other devices besides the processor 522, the processor 522 may also be used to manage other devices included in the processing system 502. For example, the other devices may be the following memory 524, bus 526, and One or more of the bus interfaces 528. For example, the processor 522 may be used to manage the memory 524, or the processor 522 may be used to manage the memory 524, the bus 526, and the bus interface 528.

处理***502中还可以包括一个或多个存储器524，用于存储指令和/或数据。存储器524可以包括于处理器522中。如果处理***502中包括存储器524，处理器522可以和存储器524耦合。处理器522可以和存储器524协同操作。处理器522可以执行存储器524中存储的指令。当处理器522执行存储器524中存储的指令时，可以实现或者支持发送端或接收端实现本申请实施例提供的方法。处理器522还可能读取存储器524中存储的数据。存储器524还可能存储处理器522执行指令时得到的数据。The processing system 502 may also include one or more memories 524 for storing instructions and/or data. The memory 524 may be included in the processor 522. If the processing system 502 includes a memory 524, the processor 522 may be coupled with the memory 524. The processor 522 may cooperate with the memory 524. The processor 522 may execute instructions stored in the memory 524. When the processor 522 executes the instructions stored in the memory 524, it can implement or support the sending end or the receiving end to implement the method provided in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 522 may also read data stored in the memory 524. The memory 524 may also store data obtained when the processor 522 executes instructions.

在本申请实施例中，存储器包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)；存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合；存储器还可以包括其它任何具有存储功能的装置，例如电路、器件或软件模块。In the embodiment of the present application, the memory includes volatile memory (volatile memory), such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as fast Flash memory (flash memory), hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD); memory may also include a combination of the above types of memory; memory may also include any other device with storage function, For example, circuits, devices, or software modules.

处理***502还可以包括总线接口528，用于提供总线526和其它装置之间的接口。其中，总线接口还可以称为通信接口。在本申请实施例中，通信接口可以是电路、模块、总线、接口、收发器、管脚或者其它可以实现收发功能的装置，本申请实施例不做限制。The processing system 502 may also include a bus interface 528 for providing an interface between the bus 526 and other devices. Among them, the bus interface can also be called a communication interface. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication interface may be a circuit, a module, a bus, an interface, a transceiver, a pin, or other device that can implement a transceiver function, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

可选地，装置500包括收发器506，用于通过传输介质和其它通信设备进行通信，从而用于装置500中的其它装置可以和其它通信设备进行通信。其中，该其它装置可能是处理***502。示例性地，装置500中的其它装置可能利用收发器506和其它通信设备进行通信，接收和/或发送相应的信息。还可以描述为，装置500中的其它装置可能接收相应的信息，其中，该相应的信息由收发器506通过传输介质进行接收，该相应的信息可以通过总线接口528或者通过总线接口528和总线526在收发器506和装置500中的其它装置之间进行交互；和/或，装置500中的其它装置可能发送相应的信息，其中，该相应的信息由收发器506通过传输介质进行发送，该相应的信息可以通过总线接口528或者通过总线接口528和总线526在收发器506和装置500中的其它装置之间进行交互。Optionally, the device 500 includes a transceiver 506 for communicating with other communication devices through a transmission medium, so that other devices in the device 500 can communicate with other communication devices. Wherein, the other device may be the processing system 502. Exemplarily, other devices in the device 500 may use the transceiver 506 to communicate with other communication devices, and receive and/or send corresponding information. It can also be described as that other devices in the device 500 may receive corresponding information, where the corresponding information is received by the transceiver 506 through a transmission medium, and the corresponding information may be received through the bus interface 528 or through the bus interface 528 and the bus 526. Interaction between the transceiver 506 and other devices in the device 500; and/or other devices in the device 500 may send corresponding information, where the corresponding information is sent by the transceiver 506 through the transmission medium, and the corresponding information The information in the device can be exchanged between the transceiver 506 and other devices in the device 500 through the bus interface 528 or through the bus interface 528 and the bus 526.

装置500还可能包括用户接口504，用户接口504是用户和装置500之间的接口，可能用于用户和装置500进行信息交互。示例性地，用户接口504可能是键盘、鼠标、显示器、扬声器(speaker)、麦克风和操作杆中至少一个。The device 500 may also include a user interface 504. The user interface 504 is an interface between the user and the device 500, and may be used for information interaction between the user and the device 500. Exemplarily, the user interface 504 may be at least one of a keyboard, a mouse, a display, a speaker, a microphone, and a joystick.

上述主要从装置500的角度描述了本申请实施例提供的一种装置结构。在该装置中，处理***502中包括处理器522，还可以包括存储器524、总线526和总线接口528中一种或多种，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法。处理***502也在本申请的保护范围。The foregoing mainly describes a device structure provided by an embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the device 500. In this device, the processing system 502 includes a processor 522, and may also include one or more of a memory 524, a bus 526, and a bus interface 528, for implementing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The processing system 502 is also in the protection scope of this application.

本申请的装置实施例中，装置的模块划分是一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。例如，装置的各功能模块可以集成于一个模块中，也可以是各个功能模块单独存在，也可以两个或两个以上功能模块集成在一个模块中。In the device embodiments of the present application, the module division of the device is a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, each functional module of the device can be integrated into one module, or each functional module can exist alone, or two or more functional modules can be integrated into one module.

本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、终端或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如,SSD)等。The methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a terminal, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, SSD).

在本申请实施例中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各实施例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例和方法实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。In the embodiments of the present application, provided that there is no logical contradiction, the embodiments can be mutually cited. For example, methods and/or terms between method embodiments can be mutually cited, such as functions and/or functions between device embodiments. Or terms may refer to each other, for example, functions and/or terms between the device embodiment and the method embodiment may refer to each other.

以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限定其保护范围。凡在本申请的技术方案的基础上所做的修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not used to limit the protection scope thereof. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solution of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：A data transmission method, characterized by comprising:

根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；According to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set, the input bits are mapped to the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbols, where the input bits include b bits, and the output modulation symbols are Including M×T complex numbers, b, M and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1;

通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中：The output modulation symbols are sent in T resource units through M antenna ports; where:

所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 The modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained from a second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a Modulation symbols, a and b are integers.
一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：A data transmission method, characterized by comprising:

根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；According to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set, the input bits are mapped to the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbols, where the input bits include b bits, and the output modulation symbols are Including M×T complex numbers, b, M and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1;

通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中：The output modulation symbols are sent in T resource units through M antenna ports; where:

所述b大于a时，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述b小于或等于所述a时，第二符号集合包括所述调制符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 When b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, and when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set, and the first symbol set is based on the Obtained from the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.
根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，包括：The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first symbol set is obtained according to the second symbol set and includes:

第一符号集合中的一个调制符号包括于第二符号集合中；或者One modulation symbol in the first symbol set is included in the second symbol set; or

第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的。A modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set.
根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特在在于，所述第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的，包括：The method according to claim 3, characterized in that a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, comprising:

所述第一符号集合中的所述一个调制符号等于所述第二符号集合中的所述一个调制符号与第一生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号；The one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is equal to a modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set and a first generator matrix;

其中，所述第一生成矩阵等于t个第二生成矩阵中的一个第二生成矩阵，或者所述第一生成矩阵等于所述t个第二生成矩阵中的p个第二生成矩阵点乘得到的生成矩阵；Wherein, the first generator matrix is equal to one second generator matrix of the t second generator matrices, or the first generator matrix is equal to p second generator matrices out of the t second generator matrices to obtain The generator matrix;

其中，t等于b减去a，所述第一生成矩阵中包括M×T个复数元素，所述t个第二生成矩阵的任一个第二生成矩阵中包括M×T个复数元素。Wherein, t is equal to b minus a, the first generator matrix includes M×T complex elements, and any one of the t second generator matrices includes M×T complex elements.
根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特在在于，所述第一符号集合中的一个调制符号是根据第二符号集合中的一个调制符号确定的，包括：The method according to claim 3, characterized in that a modulation symbol in the first symbol set is determined according to a modulation symbol in the second symbol set, comprising:

所述第一符号集合中的所述一个调制符号等于所述第二符号集合中的所述一个调制符号与第一生成矩阵进行点乘得到的调制符号；The one modulation symbol in the first symbol set is equal to a modulation symbol obtained by dot multiplying the one modulation symbol in the second symbol set and a first generator matrix;

其中，所述第一生成矩阵等于t个第二生成矩阵组中的一个第二生成矩阵组中的一个第二生成矩阵，或者所述第一生成矩阵等于p个第二生成矩阵进行点乘得到的生成矩阵，所述p个第二生成矩阵一对一地包括于p个第二生成矩阵组中，所述p个第二生成矩阵组包括于所述t个第二生成矩阵组中，p是取值范围为2至t的整数，t为整数；Wherein, the first generator matrix is equal to a second generator matrix in a second generator matrix group in the t second generator matrix groups, or the first generator matrix is equal to p second generator matrices and obtained by dot multiplication The p second generator matrices are included in p second generator matrix groups one-to-one, the p second generator matrix groups are included in the t second generator matrix groups, p Is an integer ranging from 2 to t, where t is an integer;

其中，所述t个第二生成矩阵组的第j个组中包括
个第二生成矩阵，
j是取值范围为1至t的整数，C _j为整数。 Wherein, the jth group of the t second generator matrix groups includes
Second generator matrix,
j is an integer ranging from 1 to t, and C _j is an integer.
根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，任意两个第二生成矩阵之间为非线性关系。The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein there is a nonlinear relationship between any two second generator matrices.
根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，The method according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein:

对于一个第二生成矩阵，所述一个第二生成矩阵的各元素的幅度同。For a second generator matrix, the amplitude of each element of the second generator matrix is the same.
根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein:

所述第二符号集合中的调制符号两两之间是正交的。The modulation symbols in the second symbol set are orthogonal to each other.
根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，T＝k×2 ^a，其中k为奇数。 The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein T=k×2 ^a , where k is an odd number.
一种装置，其特征在于，用于实现权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法。A device, characterized by being used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
一种装置，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于执行权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法。A device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
一种装置，包括处理器和通信接口，A device including a processor and a communication interface,

所述处理器用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；The processor is configured to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where the input bit includes b bits , The output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, b, M and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1;

所述处理器利用所述通信接口，通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中：The processor uses the communication interface to send the output modulation symbols in T resource units through M antenna ports; where:

所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 The modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, the first symbol set is obtained from a second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, and the second symbol set includes 2 ^a Modulation symbols, a and b are integers.
一种装置，包括处理器和通信接口，A device including a processor and a communication interface,

所述处理器用于根据比特值和调制符号集合中的调制符号之间的调制映射关系，将输入比特映射为调制符号集合中的调制符号，得到输出调制符号，其中，输入比特中包括b个比特，输出调制符号中包括M×T个复数，b、M和T为正整数，T大于1；The processor is configured to map the input bit to the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set according to the modulation mapping relationship between the bit value and the modulation symbol in the modulation symbol set to obtain the output modulation symbol, where the input bit includes b bits , The output modulation symbol includes M×T complex numbers, b, M and T are positive integers, and T is greater than 1;

所述处理器利用所述通信接口，通过M个天线端口，在T个资源单元中发送所述输出调制符号；其中：The processor uses the communication interface to send the output modulation symbols in T resource units through M antenna ports; where:

所述b大于a时，所述调制符号集合为第一符号集合，所述b小于或等于所述a时，第二符号集合包括所述调制符号集合，所述第一符号集合是根据所述第二符号集合得到的，所述第一符号集合中包括2 ^b个调制符号，所述第二符号集合中包括2 ^a个调制符号，a和b为整数。 When b is greater than a, the modulation symbol set is a first symbol set, and when b is less than or equal to a, the second symbol set includes the modulation symbol set, and the first symbol set is based on the Obtained from the second symbol set, the first symbol set includes 2 ^b modulation symbols, the second symbol set includes 2 ^a modulation symbols, and a and b are integers.
一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法。A computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法。A computer program product comprising instructions that when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-9.