WO2020199763A1 - 显示面板、显示装置、显示面板的驱动方法及存储介质 - Google Patents
显示面板、显示装置、显示面板的驱动方法及存储介质 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020199763A1 WO2020199763A1 PCT/CN2020/075365 CN2020075365W WO2020199763A1 WO 2020199763 A1 WO2020199763 A1 WO 2020199763A1 CN 2020075365 W CN2020075365 W CN 2020075365W WO 2020199763 A1 WO2020199763 A1 WO 2020199763A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
- G02F1/133565—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements inside the LC elements, i.e. between the cell substrates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
- G02F1/133567—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the back side
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/19—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/30—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/30—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating
- G02F2201/305—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating diffraction grating
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to, but are not limited to, the field of optoelectronic technology, and particularly to a display panel, a display device, a driving method of the display panel, and a computer-readable storage medium.
- LCD liquid crystal display
- the LCD panel achieves a transparent display effect through the side-lit backlight.
- the entire LCD panel has the problem of uneven display brightness and low energy, especially for the application scenarios of large-size LCD panels, the uneven brightness and low energy in the display The problem is more obvious.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display panel, a display device, a driving method of the display panel, and a computer-readable storage medium.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, including: a first substrate and a second substrate provided to a box, and an array of dots are provided on the side of the first substrate away from the second substrate A light source, a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate is provided with a light coupling device corresponding to the point light source, and a grating layer is provided on the side of the light coupling device away from the first substrate, A liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate;
- the optical coupling device is configured to reflect the light emitted by the corresponding point light source and passing through the first substrate to the optical coupling device into the first substrate.
- the display panel is configured to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal, so that the light in the first substrate can escape from the grating layer. Emit from the opened grating.
- the display panel is configured to adjust the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the refractive index of the grating in the grating layer to achieve display of different gray levels.
- the display panel as described above further includes: a first electrode layer disposed between the light coupling device and the grating layer, and a first electrode layer disposed on the liquid crystal layer close to the first electrode layer;
- the second electrode layer on one side of the two substrates, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are set to be applied with a voltage, so as to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer.
- the display panel as described above further includes: a flat layer disposed between the light coupling device and the first electrode layer;
- the refractive index of the first substrate, the flat layer and the first electrode layer are equal and greater than the refractive index of the grating layer.
- the refractive index of the second substrate and the second electrode layer are equal, and the grating layer, the second substrate and the second electrode The refractive index of the layers are all less than the refractive index of the first substrate.
- the point light source includes a light emitting diode or a micro light emitting diode.
- the light coupling device includes a radial grating or a holographic grating.
- the light coupling device includes a radial grating
- the radial grating includes a plurality of ring-shaped wire grids arranged as concentric circles, and the radial grating Along the radius of the ring-shaped wire grid, the grating period gradually increases from a position close to the center of the circle to a position far from the center of the circle.
- the light coupling device includes a holographic grating
- the holographic grating includes a plurality of strip-shaped wire gratings arranged in parallel, and the grating period of the holographic grating is along the first One direction becomes larger gradually, and the first direction is perpendicular to the strip wire grid.
- the pixel size of the display panel is 5 to 50 times the grating period in the grating layer.
- embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device, including: the display panel as described in any one of the above.
- embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for driving a display panel, the display panel being the display panel described in any one of the above, and the driving method includes:
- the light coupling device corresponding to the point light source reflects the light emitted by the point light source and passing through the first substrate to the light coupling device to the first substrate Inside;
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel is adjusted to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer, so that the light in the first substrate emerges from the opened grating in the grating layer.
- the adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer includes at least one of the following item:
- Adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region of the liquid crystal layer is not equal to the refractive index of the grating layer, so as to control the opening of the grating in the orthographic projection area of the plane of the grating layer in the first region, so that the The light of the grating emerges from the open grating; wherein the diffraction efficiency of the light passing through the open grating changes with the refractive index of the liquid crystal;
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the second region of the liquid crystal layer is adjusted to be equal to the refractive index of the grating layer to control the grating closing of the second region in the orthographic projection area of the plane where the grating layer is located, so that the grating is closed
- the light is totally reflected on the surface of the closed grating close to the first substrate.
- the adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region of the liquid crystal layer to be not equal to the refractive index of the grating layer includes:
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first area of the liquid crystal layer is controlled to change within a preset refractive index range, so that the diffraction efficiency of the light passing through the open grating is changed, so as to realize the display of different gray levels.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and when the executable instructions are executed by a processor, it can implement any of the above The driving method of the display panel described above.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a light source structure in an LCD display panel
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of pixels in the LCD display panel shown in FIG. 1 and the light extraction energy;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of a liquid crystal layer and the light transmittance of the grating layer in the display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical coupling device in a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radial grating in a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- Fig. 8 is a grating structure in the K1 direction of the regional cells in the radial grating shown in Fig. 7;
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for driving a display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another method for driving a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a light source structure in an LCD display panel.
- the left side of the lower substrate 210 of the LCD display panel 200 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with an edge-type backlight module 220.
- the light source energy is 1, the diffracted light efficiency of bright pixels is 1%, that is, the light extraction ratio is 1%.
- FIG. 1 the light energy of the Nth pixel from the left to the right of the display panel 200 is 0.99 N *0.01.
- Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of pixels in the LCD display panel shown in Figure 1 and the light extraction energy. It can be seen that the light loss of the edge light source set on a single side is a very serious problem. Because light travels in one direction in the substrate. Therefore, the LCD panel realizes the transparent display effect through the side-lit backlight, which is affected by the light-emitting mode of the side-lit backlight, and there are problems of uneven display brightness and low energy in the entire LCD panel.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- the display panel 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 arranged in a box, and a side of the first substrate 110 away from the second substrate 120 is provided with point light sources 130 arranged in an array.
- a side of a substrate close to the second substrate 120 is provided with an optical coupling device 140 corresponding to the point light source 130, and a grating layer 150 is provided on the side of the optical coupling device 140 away from the first substrate 110.
- the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 110 A liquid crystal layer 161 is provided between the two substrates 120.
- the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are aligned and filled with liquid crystal, namely The liquid crystal layer 161 in FIG. 3 can be obtained.
- the light coupling device 140 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the corresponding point light source 130 and passing through the first substrate 110 to the light coupling device 140 into the first substrate 110.
- the light in 110 is totally reflected and propagated in the first substrate 110 (in this case, the first substrate 110 can be regarded as a waveguide layer);
- the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer 150 can be controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161, so that the light in the first substrate 110 is removed from the grating opened in the grating layer 150.
- the display panel 100 can be configured to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer 150 by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal, so that the light in the first substrate 110 is emitted from the opened grating in the grating layer 150.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal is different from the refractive index of the grating in the grating layer 150, the grating is turned on.
- the display panel 100 can realize different gray scale displays by adjusting the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the refractive index of the grating in the grating layer 150.
- the display panel 100 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is an LCD panel that can realize transparent display.
- the light source of the display panel 100 does not use an edge-lit backlight module, but is on the lower substrate (ie, the first substrate) of the display panel 100. 110) on the lower surface (that is, the side of the first substrate 110 away from the second substrate 120) is provided with point light sources 130 arranged in an array. These point light sources 130 may be attached to the lower surface of the first substrate 110.
- the upper surface of a substrate (that is, the side of the first substrate 110 close to the second substrate 120) is provided with light coupling devices 140 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the aforementioned point light sources 130.
- the point light sources 130 and the light coupling devices 140 can be viewed It is the backlight module of the display panel 100.
- the light emitted by the point light source 130 may be divergent, and the divergence angle of the light is about ⁇ 60 degrees (°).
- the light emitted by these point light sources 130 passes through the first substrate 110 and irradiates the light coupling device 140 corresponding to one-to-one.
- the rays of these angles can be coupled into the first substrate 110 at an angle greater than (or equal to) the total reflection angle of the first substrate 110, so that the rays of light propagate in the first substrate 110 in a total reflection manner.
- the light propagating through total reflection in a substrate 110 is regarded as a waveguide backlight of the display panel 100.
- the point light source 130 is arranged on the side of the first substrate 110 away from the second substrate 120, and the light coupling device 140 is arranged on the side of the first substrate 110 close to the second substrate 120.
- the light sources 130 and the light coupling devices 140 are arranged in an array form and have a one-to-one correspondence.
- the light source devices (ie, the point light sources 130 and the light coupling devices 140) in the display panel 100 are arranged at a large distance.
- the light source device is formed by using the above-mentioned point light source 130 combined with the light coupling device 140.
- the light coupling device 140 can expand the divergence angle of a common single point light source 130, that is, from about ⁇ 60° In the entire waveguide, therefore, the number of point light sources 130 required can be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption and achieving a transparent display; and due to the arrayed arrangement, the uniformity and total brightness of the backlight are compared to edge-lit backlight models.
- the group's program has been greatly improved. That is to say, using the light source device in the embodiment of the present disclosure (that is, including the point light source 130 and the light coupling device 140) to replace the backlight module in the ordinary LCD panel, the backlight module can be made into a transparent form, that is, the edge type is not used.
- the backlight module can achieve the transparent display effect of the LCD panel, and compared with the LCD panel of the direct backlight module, the number of point light sources 130 can be reduced to a large extent, which is beneficial to reduce power consumption and material cost.
- the waveguide backlight that is, the light propagating through total reflection in the first substrate 110
- the light coupling device 140 into the first substrate 110 has a considerable Light intensity and visible area can provide a light source basis for high-brightness transparent display panels.
- the optical coupling devices 140 are arranged on the upper surface of the first substrate 110 and arranged in an array. Since the optical coupling devices 140 are convex structures on the first substrate 110, in order to ensure that light rays reach the grating layer 150 to maintain total reflection propagation, In addition to the light coupling device 140 provided between the first substrate 110 and the grating layer 150, other regions (111 in FIG. 3) can be filled with a material with the same refractive index as that of the first substrate 110, so as to ensure that the light is in the first substrate 110. A substrate 110 and a region 111 propagate in a straight line. At this time, the waveguide layer of the waveguide backlight is the first substrate 110 and the region 111.
- the point light source 130 and the light coupling device 140 are used as a backlight module to guide light into the first substrate 110 for total reflection and propagation.
- the light emitting structure of the display panel 100 includes a grating layer 150 and liquid crystal Layer 161, where the grating layer 150 can be a light-extracting grating.
- the liquid crystal layer 161 determines the opening and closing of the light-extracting grating.
- the opening or closing of the grating layer 150 can be controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161.
- controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 may be to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region 161a of the liquid crystal layer 161 to be different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the second region 161b.
- the grating in the grating layer 150 is also divided The opening and closing of the area and the opening and closing of the grating are related to the refractive index of the liquid crystal at the corresponding position.
- the first area 161a has an orthographic projection area on the plane where the grating layer 150 is located, and the opening or closing of the grating in the orthographic projection area is determined by the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first area 161a.
- the opening or closing of the grating in the orthographic projection area can be controlled.
- the grating in the orthographic projection area is opened, the light is taken out and emitted from the position of the first area 161a.
- the first area 161a where light is emitted is represented by low-density black dot filling
- the grating in FIG. 3 is closed
- the second area 161b where no light is emitted is represented by high-density black dot filling.
- the light-emitting method of the grating can be used to realize directional display, which can make the display panel 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure be applied to projection, near-eye display, and augmented reality (Augmented Reality, referred to as AR) and virtual Reality (Virtual Reality, referred to as VR) and other technical fields.
- AR Augmented Reality
- VR Virtual Reality
- the display panel 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 arranged in a box.
- the first substrate 110 is provided with an array of point light sources 130 on a side away from the second substrate 120.
- the first substrate The side of 110 close to the second substrate 120 is provided with an optical coupling device 140 corresponding to the point light source 130, and the side of the optical coupling device 140 away from the first substrate 110 is provided with a grating layer 150.
- the first substrate 110 and the second substrate A liquid crystal layer 161 is arranged between 120, and the light coupling device 140 provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the point light source 130 reflects the light emitted by the corresponding point light source 130 and passing through the first substrate 110 to reach the light coupling device 140 Into the first substrate 110, so that the light is totally reflected and propagated in the waveguide layer.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 is adjustable, the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161 can be adjusted to control the grating layer 150 The opening or closing of the grating makes the light in the first substrate 110 emerge from the opened grating in the grating layer 150.
- the display panel 100 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure adopts a combination of a point light source 130 and a light coupling device 140 as a light source device, which can couple light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the point light source 130 into the first substrate 110, thereby expanding to The entire waveguide forms a waveguide backlight, and the point light sources 130 and the light coupling devices 140 are arranged in an array.
- the grating layer 150 and the liquid crystal layer 161 are used as the light-emitting structure, and the pixelized light extraction method of the liquid crystal layer 161 is beneficial to reduce the pixel size of the display panel 100 Therefore, the pixel density of the display panel 100 (Pixels Per Inch, PPI for short) is greatly increased.
- the light-emitting mode of the grating can be used to achieve directional display, that is, the display panel 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to projection , Near-eye display, and AR and VR technology fields.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- the display panel 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include: a first electrode layer 162 disposed between the light coupling device 140 and the grating layer 150, and a first electrode layer 162 disposed on the liquid crystal layer 161
- the second electrode layer 163 on the side close to the second substrate 120. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the second electrode layer 163 and the first electrode layer 162 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal layer 161.
- a voltage can be applied to the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 through a processing device connected to the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163, thereby controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161 That is, the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 are set to be applied with a voltage, thereby controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161.
- the structure of the liquid crystal layer 161 and its upper and lower electrode layers in the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 4, the first electrode layer 162 is the lower electrode of the liquid crystal layer 161, and the second electrode layer 163 is the upper electrode of the liquid crystal layer 161.
- the processing device passes The upper and lower electrodes of the liquid crystal layer 161 are controlled to drive the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161 to change, and to ensure that the refractive index of the liquid crystal matches the upper and lower substrates, so that the display effect of the liquid crystal layer 161 will not be affected.
- the liquid crystal layer 161 is a key factor for realizing display, and controlling the change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 can realize the brightness control of the pixels in the display panel 100.
- the structure of the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 may be provided to control the liquid crystal layer 161 when the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 are used to apply a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 161.
- the refractive index of the inner liquid crystal exhibits a pixelated distribution, as shown in the first area 161a and the second area 161b in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, and only a part of the first area 161a and the second area 161b are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
- both the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 may include a plurality of pixel electrodes, and the pixel electrodes in the first electrode layer 162 and the second electrode layer 163 form an upper and lower pixel electrode pair.
- the first electrode layer 162 may be a common electrode layer
- the second electrode layer 163 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes.
- a reference voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 162 to The pixel electrodes in the second electrode layer 163 are applied with different voltages to realize the pixelized distribution of the refractive index of the liquid crystal.
- the grating structure in the grating layer 150 may be regarded as a pixel grating corresponding to the pixels of the display panel on a one-to-one basis.
- the pixel grating in the grating layer 150 may be a unified grating structure or may be an independent grating structure.
- a certain pixel of the display panel has an orthographic projection area on the plane where the grating layer 150 is located.
- the grating in the orthographic projection area is regarded as the pixel grating corresponding to the pixel. Therefore, the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161 is controlled.
- An implementation method can be:
- the display panel 100 can control the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first area 161a of the liquid crystal layer 161 to be not equal to the refractive index of the grating layer 150, so that the grating in the first area 161a in the orthographic projection area of the plane where the grating layer 150 is located is turned on to reach The light with the opened grating is emitted from the opened grating; referring to FIG. 4, the first area 161a in this case may correspond to one or more pixels in the display panel 100;
- the display panel 100 can control the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the second area 161b of the liquid crystal layer 161 to be equal to the refractive index of the grating layer 150, so that the grating in the second area 161b in the orthographic projection area of the plane where the grating layer 150 is located is closed to reach the The light of the closed grating is totally reflected on the surface of the closed grating close to the first substrate 110; referring to FIG. 4, the second area 161b in this case may correspond to one or more pixels in the display panel 100.
- the size of the pixels of the display panel 100 can be made smaller.
- the pixel size of the display panel 100 can be 5 to 50 times the grating period in the grating layer 150, and usually several grating periods (a few microns) can be used as the pixel pitch of the display panel 100.
- the grating period is usually in the order of hundreds of nanometers (nm), such as 300nm to 800nm, and the use of gratings for diffraction requires multiple grating periods. Usually 5 to 10 grating periods can be used to meet the diffraction requirements.
- the pixel period is about 1.5 microns (um) to 4um.
- the number of periods is not fixed, and is related to factors such as incident light and grating material; for example, if the pixel size is about 40um, the grating period is 1um or less That is to say, there can be 40 or more grating periods in a pixel, and it can meet the requirement of "the grating deflects light to a specific angle to emit light"; when the directivity of the display is not high, you can use less
- the number of grating periods (such as the 5 grating periods in the above example) is used to obtain a larger range of light output angles to achieve a larger viewing angle display, and the upper limit number of grating periods can be calculated according to the size of the display panel and PPI (such as In the above example, 40 or more grating periods).
- the pixel size of the display panel 100 can be reduced, thereby greatly improving the PPI of the display panel 100.
- the optical coupling device 140 is, for example, a grating structure, that is, the optical coupling device 140 is a convex structure on the first substrate 110, and a flat layer 170 may be provided between the optical coupling device 140 and the first electrode layer 162 to fill the optical coupling device 140 The convex part to ensure the stability of the structure.
- the light coupled into the first substrate 110 and propagated by total reflection takes the first substrate 110, the flat layer 170, and the first electrode layer 162 as the waveguide layer for light transmission, that is, the first substrate 110,
- the flat layer 170 and the first electrode layer 162 may both be made of materials with higher refractive index to ensure that the light is totally reflected and propagated in the above-mentioned waveguide layer before entering the liquid crystal layer 161.
- the display panel 100 can cooperate with the low refractive index grating layer 150, the second electrode layer 163 and the second substrate 120 to ensure that the light from the light source can be locked in the waveguide layer in the dark state pixels to prevent light leakage; The light will not be totally reflected on the surface of the second electrode layer 163 and the second substrate 120 to ensure the effective light emission of the bright pixels.
- the refractive index of the first substrate 110, the flat layer 170, and the first electrode layer 162 are all 1.7, and the refractive index of the grating layer 150 is 1.5.
- the interface of the waveguide layer ie, the first electrode layer
- the interface between 162 and grating layer 150 can be regarded as two layers of uniform media.
- the second region 161b corresponds to The pixel is in the dark state; when the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region 161a is controlled to be 1.7, a periodic refractive index change is formed with the corresponding grating layer 150, the grating in the corresponding region is turned on, and the light is diffracted here and out of the waveguide Layer, the pixel corresponding to the first area 161b is in a bright state.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 161 may be controlled not to be equal to the refractive index of the grating layer 150 to achieve bright display. In this manner, the display panel 100 can control the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region 161a to change within a preset refractive index range, so that the diffraction efficiency of the light passing through the open grating changes, so as to achieve different grayscale displays.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer and the light transmittance of the grating layer in the display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 is controlled to change within a preset refractive index range (for example, 1.52 ⁇ 1.7), and the light transmittance curve shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. Since the graph shown in Figure 5 is obtained through multiple discrete points, the simulated graph may have errors due to the selection of discrete points, but it can be seen that the obvious trend is: the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 is between 1.58 and 1.58.
- the light transmittance of the grating layer 150 is significantly improved, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 can be changed between 1.58 and 1.7 to achieve different grayscale displays. That is, the degree of difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region of the liquid crystal layer and the refractive index of the grating layer is adjusted to achieve different gray scale changes. The greater the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the refractive index of the grating, the emitted light The higher the intensity, but it is not ruled out that as the difference increases, the intensity of the emitted light has similar periodic fluctuations.
- the light transmittance of light passing through the open grating in the embodiment of the present disclosure refers to the diffraction efficiency of the light passing through the open grating or the light intensity coupled out.
- the point light source 130 may be a light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, referred to as LED for short), or may be a micro LED (Micro LED) with a smaller volume.
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- Micro LED Micro LED
- the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the device type of the point light source 130, as long as it can achieve a divergence angle of about ⁇ 60°, has a small volume and can be attached to the light source device provided on the lower surface of the first substrate 110, it can be used as the present The point light source 130 in the embodiment is disclosed.
- the light coupling device 140 may adopt a radial grating or a holographic grating structure.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical coupling device in a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a top view of the optical coupling device 140, and the optical coupling device 140 in FIG. 6 is a radial grating
- FIG. 7 is An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic structural diagram of a radial grating in a display panel.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the overall structure of the radial grating 140a and the partial enlarged structure of the radial grating 140a.
- the radial grating 140a in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of ring-shaped wire grids 141a arranged as concentric circles, and the grating period of the radial grating 140a is along the radius of the ring-shaped wire grid 141a from close to the center of the circle to a position far away from the center of the circle. Gradually become bigger. It can be seen that the radial grating 140a is radially symmetric, that is, the grating period corresponding to the same radius r is the same, and the radial grating is a special grating whose period p changes along the radius r, and the grating vector k radiates outward along the center of the circle. . As shown in FIG.
- the period of the radial grating 140a increases along its radius r from P1 close to the center of the circle to P3 far from the center of the circle.
- the radial grating 140a has a circular ring shape as a whole (as shown in Figure 7).
- the radial grating can be divided into multiple regional cells, such as P1 to P3 in Figure 7, each regional cell can be It should be as small as possible, so that the radial grating can be closer to the ring.
- Figure 7 shows the regional cells P1 to P3 in different grating directions, for example, the regional cells P1 to P3 in the directions K1 and K2, but within the same radius r
- the grating period is the same.
- the area 11 shown in Fig. 7 (the area with the light gray background in Fig. 7) is rotated counterclockwise to a certain angle with the area 21 (the background color in Fig. 7 is dark gray). Area) completely overlap, so the design can only consider the radial grating in one grating direction. Take the K1 direction as an example for illustration. As shown in Fig. 8, the regional cells in the radial grating shown in Fig. 7 are The grating structure in the K1 direction. It can be seen that the grating periods of the pixels P1, P2, and P3 in different regions are gradual.
- the radial grating is similar to the ordinary diffraction grating, except that the grating lines are radially symmetrical, the interval of the grating lines is variable in the entire plane (referring to the plane where the radial grating is located), and the base is an even-order aspherical shape .
- the light tracing to the grating is refracted according to the following formula:
- p is the period of the radial grating
- ⁇ 1 is the angle of the incident angle
- ⁇ 2 is the angle of the exit angle
- m is the diffraction order
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the light
- n 1 is the light passed by the grating layer.
- n 2 is the refractive index of the medium (ie, the liquid crystal layer) after the light is extracted by the grating layer.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 of the point light source 130 reaching different positions of the radial grating is different.
- each The grating period of each area (P1, P1 and P3) should be related to the light incident angle ⁇ 1 at that position. Since the incident angle ⁇ 1 is gradual, the grating period p is also gradual, that is, P1, P2 and P3 are gradual . Since there is no perfect continuous gradient grating, each area of the micro-element has a certain width. For example, the period of P1 is fixed, but the incident angle ⁇ 1 changes continuously, so the exit angle ⁇ 2 will also change continuously. The margins can be considered in the period of each regional cell, so that all the exit angles ⁇ 2 in each regional cell meet the condition of total reflection.
- Ai is the expansion coefficient
- d is the normalized polar coordinate
- d is defined by the following formula:
- r is the polar coordinate on the above surface, and R is the normalized radius of the radial grating surface.
- the grating parameters applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be designed, and the light emitted by the point light source 130 and reaching the radial grating is coupled into the waveguide layer at a total reflection angle, thereby covering the entire first Within a substrate 110.
- the radial grating is designed to diffract all light at an angle greater than the critical angle of total reflection 62°, and the point light source 130 can be emitted. The light is coupled into the first substrate 110.
- the point light sources 130 and radial gratings arranged in an array can greatly improve the uniformity and overall light intensity of the light in the first substrate 110, and can ensure that the distance between the point light sources 130 is not too small, thereby maintaining the whole
- the transparency of the light source device that is, including the point light source 130 and the radial grating.
- Different regions of the radial grating have different grating structures, that is, the periods of the different regions of the cells in each radial grating in FIG. 7 are different.
- processing can be divided into regions, for example, interference exposure, laser direct writing or nanoimprinting techniques can be used to make different grating patterns in different regions; or a pre-designed master can be used for nanoimprinting.
- Radial gratings are made at one time by area. The position of the radial grating and the point light source 130 can be kept matched during processing.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the optical coupling device 140 to only a holographic grating or a radial grating, as long as it is a grating structure or other structure that can realize total reflection propagation after coupling light emitted by a point light source into the waveguide layer.
- the optical coupling device 140 in the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the optical coupling device 140 to only a holographic grating or a radial grating, as long as it is a grating structure or other structure that can realize total reflection propagation after coupling light emitted by a point light source into the waveguide layer.
- FIG. 8 can be regarded as a schematic structural diagram of a holographic grating.
- the above-mentioned radial grating uses a method of region division to discretize the required optical device into a plurality of ordinary grating regions to achieve a relatively continuous effect.
- the structure of the holographic grating may be a grating with a gradually changing period.
- the holographic grating in an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of strip-shaped wire gratings arranged in parallel, and the grating period of the holographic grating gradually changes along the first direction.
- the first direction is perpendicular to the bar-shaped wire grid.
- the holographic grating is the smallest, and the grating period P3 in the right area is the largest.
- the first direction in Fig. 8 is from left to right.
- the holographic grating The grating lines are similar to the strips of ordinary gratings.
- the holographic grating's periodic gradual change is similar to the radial grating shown in Figure 7 in one direction.
- the total reflection of light is also similar to the radial grating.
- the role of the grating is to deflect light.
- the above-mentioned radial grating and holographic grating deflect light into the first substrate 110, while the grating layer 150 in the embodiment of the present disclosure deflects the light in the waveguide layer, that is, from the waveguide layer.
- the basic principle of deflection into and out of the waveguide layer is the same, which is based on the above formula (1).
- the light deflection effect of the grating is produced by the periodic change of the material.
- the refractive index of the grating layer 150 is n1
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 is n2
- the periodically changing n1 and n2 achieve the diffraction effect, where the diffraction angle is The period is determined, and the diffraction efficiency is determined by n1 and n2. Since n1 is fixed after the grating layer is fabricated, the diffraction efficiency can be adjusted by controlling the change of the refractive index n2 of the liquid crystal layer 161, that is, by controlling the change of the refractive index n2 of the liquid crystal layer 161 to achieve different Grayscale display effect.
- a direct-lit point light source 130 is used as a backlight.
- the density of the point light source 130 may not be large, and an arrayed light source arrangement (ie, array Arranged point light sources 130 and light coupling devices 140), so that the propagation of light in the substrate has enough directions, and the attenuation direction tends to be uniform.
- the light coupling device 140 can couple the light emitted by the point light sources 130 into the waveguide layer.
- the amplitude increases the light-emitting range of a single point light source 130, which can effectively avoid the problem of uneven energy in the lower substrate caused by the edge-type backlight light extraction method, and greatly improve the brightness of the display.
- the distance between different point light sources 130 is sufficiently large to ensure the transparency of the first substrate, and will not affect the transparent display function of the overall display panel 100.
- the liquid crystal layer 161 and the controllable grating layer 150 are used as the light extraction structure, and the electrode layer is used to control the pixelized distribution of the liquid crystal refractive index in the liquid crystal layer 161, thereby controlling the on and off states of the pixel grating.
- the grating When the refractive index is equal to the refractive index of the liquid crystal, the grating is closed, and the light is totally reflected and propagated in the waveguide layer, showing a dark state of light; when the refractive index of the grating is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal (that is, not equal), the grating is turned on and the light is Light is diffracted as a bright state.
- the use of grating to emit light can realize the directivity of the display, improve the PPI of the display panel, and can be applied to projection, near-eye display, etc., with a transparent light source device, it can also be used as an AR display, compared with general AR equipment. Great portability.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the display panel 100 provided in any of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the display device may be an LCD display device for implementing transparent display.
- the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also avoid the problems of uneven display brightness and low energy in the transparent LCD display device using the edge-lit backlight module.
- the PPI of the display device can be improved, and the directional display can be realized by using the grating to emit light, so that the display device can be applied to technical fields such as projection, near-eye display, and AR and VR.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for driving a display panel, which is executed by the display panel provided by any of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 9
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a flow chart of a method for driving a display panel. The driving method includes the following steps:
- S320 Adjust the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer, so that the light in the first substrate emerges from the opened grating in the grating layer.
- the driving method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is executed by the display panel 100 in any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, and FIGS. 6 to 8.
- the structure of the display panel 100, and the devices and film layers therein are implemented The function of has been described in detail in the above embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.
- the point light source of the display panel is first turned on, and the point light source is driven after the point light source is turned on, that is, the point light source emits light, and the light coupling device couples the light into the first substrate to propagate through total reflection.
- the driving method realizes the transparent display effect of the display panel; subsequently, the opening or closing of the grating layer is controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel.
- the grating layer is opened, the waveguide backlight in the first substrate can be taken out and removed from the first substrate.
- the second substrate emits light.
- the grating layer is closed, the waveguide backlight in the first substrate still reflects and propagates completely, showing a dark state where no light is emitted.
- the light emitted by the point light source can be divergent, for example, the divergence angle is about ⁇ 60°.
- the light emitted by these point light sources penetrates the first substrate and irradiates the light coupling device corresponding to one-to-one.
- the light is coupled into the first substrate at an angle greater than (or equal to) the total reflection angle of the first substrate so that the light propagates in the first substrate in a total reflection manner.
- the light propagated by the total reflection in the first substrate can be regarded as a display panel Waveguide backlight.
- the point light source is arranged on the side of the first substrate away from the second substrate
- the light coupling device is arranged on the side of the first substrate close to the second substrate
- the point light source and the light coupling device are both arrays
- the arrangement is in a one-to-one relationship, and the light source devices (that is, point light sources and light coupling devices) in the display panel are arranged at a large distance.
- the light source device formed by using the above-mentioned point light source combined with the light coupling device structure.
- the light coupling device can expand the divergence angle of a common single point light source, that is, from ⁇ 60° to the entire waveguide, so , Can reduce the number of point light sources required, thereby reducing power consumption and achieving transparent display; and due to the arrayed arrangement, the uniformity and total brightness of the backlight can be greater than the display solution of the edge-type backlight module The increase in amplitude. That is to say, by using the light source device (including point light source and light coupling device) in the embodiment of the present disclosure to replace the backlight module in the ordinary LCD panel, the backlight module can be made into a transparent form, that is, no edge-type backlight module is used.
- the LCD panel can achieve the transparent display effect of the LCD panel, and compared with the LCD panel of the direct backlight module, the number of point light sources can be reduced to a large extent, which is beneficial to reduce power consumption and material costs; in addition, based on the above points
- the light source device used in conjunction with the light source and the optical coupling device, the waveguide backlight (that is, the light propagating through the total reflection on the first substrate) coupled by the optical coupling device into the first substrate, has considerable light intensity and visible area, and can be high brightness
- the transparent display panel provides the light source foundation.
- controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 161 may not control the entire liquid crystal layer 161 to have the same refractive index.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the first region 161a in the liquid crystal layer 161 can be controlled with respect to the second region.
- the refractive indices of the liquid crystals in 162b are different.
- the opening and closing of the grating layer 150 may not be uniformly opened or closed for the entire grating layer 150, and the gratings in the grating layer can be opened and closed in different regions.
- the opening and closing of the grating is related to the refractive index of the liquid crystal at the corresponding position.
- the first area 161a has an orthographic projection area on the plane where the grating layer 150 is located, and the opening or closing of the grating in the orthographic projection area is determined by the liquid crystal in the first area 161a.
- the opening or closing of the grating in the orthographic projection area can be controlled.
- the grating in the orthographic projection area is opened, the light is taken out and removed from the first area. The position of the area 161a is emitted.
- the light-emitting mode of the grating can be used to realize directional display, which can make the display panel in the embodiment of the present disclosure be applied to the technical fields such as projection, near-eye display, and AR and VR.
- the light coupling device corresponding to the point light source reflects the light that is emitted by the point light source and reaches the light coupling device through the first substrate Into the first substrate, so that the light is totally reflected and propagated in the first substrate.
- the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer is controlled, so that the light in the first substrate can escape from the grating layer. Emit from the opened grating.
- the driving method of the display panel provided by the present disclosure has the same beneficial effect as any one of the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, that is, a combination of a point light source and an optical coupling device is used as
- the light source device can couple the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the point light source into the first substrate, thereby expanding the entire waveguide to form a waveguide backlight, and the point light source and the light coupling device are arranged in an array, which not only reduces the display panel
- the number of point light sources required can reduce power consumption and achieve transparent display, and the uniformity and total amount of the backlight have been greatly improved; the directional display can be achieved by driving the liquid crystal layer to achieve the light output of the grating.
- the display panel provided by the disclosed embodiment can be applied to the technical fields such as projection, near-eye display, and AR and VR.
- the display panel used to perform the driving method may further include a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, wherein the first electrode layer is disposed on the light Between the coupling device and the grating layer, the second electrode layer is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal layer close to the second substrate.
- the second electrode layer is the upper electrode of the liquid crystal layer
- the first electrode layer is The bottom electrode of the liquid crystal layer.
- An implementation manner of adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include:
- Voltage is applied to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer respectively, so as to adjust the refractive index in the liquid crystal layer in the display panel.
- the display panel controls the upper and lower electrodes of the liquid crystal layer (ie, the second electrode layer and the first electrode layer) to drive the change in the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer, and ensure that the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is consistent with the upper and lower substrates. Matching, so that the display effect of the liquid crystal layer will not be affected.
- the liquid crystal layer is a key factor for realizing display, and controlling the change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer can realize the brightness control of the pixels in the display panel.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another method for driving a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
- the structure of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can be provided.
- the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer can be controlled to be a pixel. ⁇ distribution.
- the grating structure in the grating layer 150 can be regarded as a pixel grating corresponding to the pixels of the display panel on a one-to-one basis.
- the pixel grating in the grating layer may be a unified grating structure, or may be an independent grating structure.
- a certain pixel of the display panel has an orthographic projection area on the plane where the grating layer 150 is located, and the grating in the orthographic projection area is regarded as the pixel grating corresponding to the pixel. Therefore, based on the process shown in FIG. 9
- the foregoing adjustment of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the display panel to control the opening or closing of the grating in the grating layer may include at least one of the following:
- step S321 and step S322 can be executed individually or in combination. When executed in combination, the execution order is not limited.
- the device types of the point light source and the optical coupling device, the flat layer provided between the optical coupling device and the first electrode layer, the waveguide layer (including the first substrate, the flat layer and the The first electrode layer) has a higher refractive index, the grating layer, the second electrode layer, and the second substrate have lower refractive index and other features are the same as the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure, and a method for realizing bright state and dark state display
- the and beneficial effects are also the same as the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure, so they will not be repeated here.
- the driving method of the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented based on the pixelized light extraction design of the liquid crystal layer, and the size of the pixel can be made small, and several grating periods (several microns) can be used as the pixel size of the display panel, that is, the display panel can be reduced Pixel size, thereby greatly improving the PPI of the display panel.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and when the executable instructions are executed by a processor, the display panel provided by any of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure can be driven.
- the driving method of the display panel can be used to drive the display panel provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure for display, so as to realize the transparent display effect of the display panel.
- the method for driving the display panel to display by executing executable instructions is basically the same as the method for driving the display panel provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure, and will not be repeated here.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- 一种显示面板,包括:对盒设置的第一基板和第二基板,所述第一基板远离所述第二基板的一侧设置有阵列排布的点光源,所述第一基板接近所述第二基板的一侧设置有与所述点光源一一对应的光耦合器件,所述光耦合器件远离所述第一基板的一侧设置有光栅层,所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间设置有液晶层;所述光耦合器件,设置为将对应的所述点光源发出的、且穿过所述第一基板到达所述光耦合器件的光线反射到所述第一基板内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其中,所述显示面板设置为通过调整液晶的折射率来控制光栅层中光栅的开启或关闭,从而使得第一基板中的光线从光栅层中开启的光栅中出射。
- 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板,其中,所述显示面板设置为通过调整液晶的折射率与所述光栅层中光栅的折射率的差异,以实现不同灰度的显示。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示面板,还包括:设置于所述光耦合器件与所述光栅层之间的第一电极层,以及设置于所述液晶层接近所述第二基板一侧的第二电极层,所述第一电极层和第二电极层设置为被施加电压,从而控制液晶层中液晶的折射率。
- 根据权利要求4所述的显示面板,还包括:设置于所述光耦合器件与所述第一电极层之间的平坦层;所述第一基板、所述平坦层和所述第一电极层的折射率相等,且大于所述光栅层的折射率。
- 根据权利要求5所述的显示面板,其中,所述第二基板和所述第二电极层的折射率相等,且所述光栅层、所述第二基板和所述第二电极层的折射率都小于所述第一基板的折射率。
- 根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的显示面板,其中,所述点光源包括发光二极管或微型发光二极管。
- 根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的显示面板,其中,所述光耦合器件包括径向光栅或全息光栅。
- 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板,其中,所述光耦合器件包括径向光栅,所述径向光栅包括多个设置为同心圆的环状线栅,且所述径向光栅的光栅周期沿所述环状线栅的半径,从接近圆心到远离圆心的位置逐渐变大。
- 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板,其中,所述光耦合器件包括全息光栅,所述全息光栅包括平行设置的多个条状线栅,且所述全息光栅的光栅周期沿第一方向逐渐变大,且所述第一方向与所述条状线栅垂直。
- 根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的显示面板,其中,所述显示面板的像素大小为所述光栅层中光栅周期的5到50倍。
- 一种显示装置,包括:如权利要求1~11中任一项所述的显示面板。
- 一种显示面板的驱动方法,所述显示面板为如权利要求1~11中任一项所述的显示面板,所述驱动方法包括:开启所述显示面板中的点光源,使得与所述点光源对应的光耦合器件将所述点光源发出的、且穿过所述第一基板到达所述光耦合器件的光线反射到第一基板内;调整所述显示面板中液晶层的折射率,以控制所述光栅层中光栅的开启或关闭,使得所述第一基板中的光线从所述光栅层中开启的光栅中出射。
- 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板的驱动方法,其中,所述调整所述显示面板中液晶层的折射率,以控制所述光栅层中光栅的开启或关闭,包括以下至少一项:调整所述液晶层中第一区域内液晶的折射率不等于所述光栅层的折射率,以控制所述第一区域在所述光栅层所在平面的正投影区域内的光栅开启,使得到达开启光栅的光线从所述开启光栅中出射;其中,穿过所述开启光栅的光线的衍射效率随液晶的折射率发生变化;调整所述液晶层中第二区域内液晶的折射率等于所述光栅层的折射率,以控制所述第二区域在所述光栅层所在平面的正投影区域内的光栅关闭,使得到达关闭光栅的光线在所述关闭光栅接近所述第一基板一侧的表面发生全 反射。
- 根据权利要求14所述的显示面板的驱动方法,其中,所述调整所述液晶层中第一区域内液晶的折射率不等于所述光栅层的折射率,包括:控制所述液晶层中第一区域内液晶的折射率在预置折射率范围内变化,使得穿过所述开启光栅的光线的衍射效率发生变化,以实现不同灰度的显示。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法。
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