WO2020186415A1 - 指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备 - Google Patents

指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020186415A1
WO2020186415A1 PCT/CN2019/078458 CN2019078458W WO2020186415A1 WO 2020186415 A1 WO2020186415 A1 WO 2020186415A1 CN 2019078458 W CN2019078458 W CN 2019078458W WO 2020186415 A1 WO2020186415 A1 WO 2020186415A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
fingerprint
thickness
film
light
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/078458
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄力
吴东承
Original Assignee
深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN201980000371.0A priority Critical patent/CN110100250B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/078458 priority patent/WO2020186415A1/zh
Publication of WO2020186415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020186415A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of biometric identification, and more specifically, to a fingerprint identification device, method, and electronic device.
  • the fingerprint recognition technology under the optical screen uses the optical fingerprint sensor to collect the light emitted by the light source and reflect the reflected light on the finger above the display, and obtain the fingerprint image of the finger according to the reflected light, thereby performing fingerprint recognition based on the fingerprint image .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint identification method, device and electronic equipment, which can reduce the influence of the film on the display screen on the fingerprint identification performance under the screen.
  • a fingerprint identification device which is applied to an electronic device with a display screen, and the device includes:
  • An optical fingerprint sensor for imaging the light signal reflected by the finger above the display screen to obtain a fingerprint image of the finger
  • the processing unit is configured to: obtain the thickness of the sticker on the display screen; determine a fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker, and the fingerprint algorithm is used for fingerprint recognition based on the fingerprint image.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor is also used to: collect a first image and a second image of a light spot with a specific shape emitted by the excitation light source for fingerprint recognition, and the first image is the image of the light spot.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the thickness of the sticker film according to the first image and the second image.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the thickness of the sticker film according to the difference between the radial length of the first image and the second image.
  • the excitation light source is a light-emitting layer of the display screen, and the light spot is located in a fingerprint collection area in the display screen.
  • the device further includes a lens, which is located between the display screen and the optical fingerprint sensor, and is used to combine the direct light from the light spot with the upper surface of the film. The reflected light is imaged to the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the specific shape is a circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, or polygonal ring.
  • the light spot is a monochromatic light spot or a composite color light spot.
  • the light spot is a bright light spot on a dark background, or a dark light spot on a bright background.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the range to which the thickness of the sticker belongs; among a plurality of fingerprint algorithms, select the fingerprint algorithm corresponding to the range.
  • a fingerprint identification method including: obtaining the thickness of a sticker on a display screen; and determining a fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker, and the fingerprint algorithm is used for fingerprint recognition.
  • the obtaining the thickness of the film on the display screen includes: collecting a first image and a second image with a specific shape of a light spot emitted by an excitation light source for fingerprint recognition, and the first image is The image formed by the direct light of the light spot, and the second image is an image formed by the light reflected by the upper surface of the film of the light spot; according to the first image and the second image, the The thickness of the film.
  • the determining the thickness of the sticker film according to the first image and the second image includes: according to the radial length of the first image and the second image The difference determines the thickness of the film.
  • the specific shape is a circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, or polygonal ring.
  • the light spot is a monochromatic light spot or a composite color light spot.
  • the light spot is a bright light spot on a dark background, or a dark light spot on a bright background.
  • the determining the fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker includes: determining the range to which the thickness of the sticker belongs; among a plurality of fingerprint algorithms, selecting the fingerprint corresponding to the range algorithm.
  • a terminal device including:
  • the fingerprint recognition device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a fingerprint algorithm for processing the collected fingerprint images is selected, so that fingerprint recognition can adapt to the thickness of the film, thereby reducing the impact of the film on fingerprint recognition performance.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device to which this application can be applied.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in Fig. 1 along the A-A' direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a fingerprint recognition device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting the thickness of a film according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of light spots on the light-emitting layer of the display screen.
  • Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the spot image corresponding to the film.
  • Figure 5(c) is a schematic diagram of a light spot image corresponding to a thick film.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of data of light spot images corresponding to thin films and thick films.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of light spots of different shapes.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of light spots under different backgrounds.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • embodiments of this application can be applied to optical fingerprint systems, including but not limited to optical fingerprint identification systems and medical diagnostic products based on optical fingerprint imaging.
  • the embodiments of this application only take optical fingerprint systems as an example for description, but should not The embodiments of the application constitute any limitation, and the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to other systems using optical imaging technology.
  • the optical fingerprint system provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to smart phones, tablet computers, and other mobile terminals with display screens or other terminal devices; more specifically, in the above-mentioned terminal devices, the optical fingerprint
  • the module may be specifically an optical fingerprint module, which may be arranged in a partial area or the entire area below the display screen to form an under-display or under-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the optical fingerprint module can also be partially or fully integrated into the display screen of the terminal device to form an in-display or in-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the orientation of the electronic device 10
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG.
  • the terminal device 10 includes a display screen 120 and an optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 is arranged in a partial area below the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes an optical fingerprint sensor, and the optical fingerprint sensor includes a sensing array 133 having a plurality of optical sensing units 131.
  • the area where the sensing array 133 is located or its sensing area is the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130 (also referred to as fingerprint collection area, fingerprint recognition area, etc.). As shown in FIG. 1, the fingerprint detection area 121 is located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged in other positions, such as the side of the display screen 120 or the non-transparent area of the edge of the terminal device 10, and the optical fingerprint module 130 The optical signal of at least part of the display area of the display screen 120 is guided to the optical fingerprint module 130 so that the fingerprint detection area 121 is actually located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 121 may be different from the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130, for example, through an optical path design such as lens imaging, a reflective folding optical path design, or other optical paths such as light convergence or reflection.
  • the design can make the area of the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130 larger than the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130 can also be designed to be substantially the same as the area of the sensing array of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the terminal device 10 adopting the above structure does not need to reserve a space on the front side for the fingerprint button (such as the Home button), so that a full screen solution can be adopted, that is, the display area of the display screen 120 It can be basically extended to the front of the entire terminal device 10.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes a light detecting part 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the light detection part 134 includes the sensing array 133, a reading circuit electrically connected to the sensing array 133, and other auxiliary circuits, which can be fabricated on a chip (Die) by a semiconductor process, such as an optical imaging chip or Optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the sensing array 133 is specifically a photodetector (Photodetector) array, which includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array, and the photodetectors can be used as the aforementioned optical sensing unit.
  • the optical component 132 may be disposed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and it may specifically include a filter layer (Filter), a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure, and other optical elements.
  • the filter layer It can be used to filter out ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer or light path guiding structure is mainly used to guide the reflected light reflected from the surface of the finger to the sensor array 133 for optical detection.
  • the optical assembly 132 and the light detecting part 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint component.
  • the optical component 132 and the optical detection part 134 can be packaged in the same optical fingerprint chip, or the optical component 132 can be arranged outside the chip where the optical detection part 134 is located, for example, the optical component 132 is attached above the chip, or some components of the optical assembly 132 are integrated into the chip.
  • the light guide layer or light path guiding structure of the optical component 132 has multiple implementation schemes.
  • the light guide layer may specifically be a collimator layer made on a semiconductor silicon wafer, which has multiple A collimating unit or a micro-hole array.
  • the collimating unit can be specifically a small hole.
  • the reflected light reflected from the finger the light that is perpendicularly incident on the collimating unit can pass through and be passed by the optical sensing unit below it.
  • the light with an excessively large incident angle is attenuated by multiple reflections inside the collimating unit. Therefore, each optical sensing unit can basically only receive the reflected light reflected by the fingerprint pattern directly above it.
  • the sensing array 133 can detect the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also be an optical lens (Lens) layer, which has one or more lens units, such as a lens group composed of one or more aspheric lenses, which The sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134 is used to converge the reflected light reflected from the finger to the sensing array 133 of the light detection part 134 below, so that the sensing array 133 can perform imaging based on the reflected light, thereby obtaining a fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the optical lens layer may further have a pinhole formed in the optical path of the lens unit, and the pinhole may cooperate with the optical lens layer to expand the field of view of the optical fingerprint module 130 to improve The fingerprint imaging effect of the optical fingerprint module 130 is described.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also specifically adopt a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer.
  • the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lenses, which can be grown by semiconductors.
  • a process or other processes are formed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array 133, respectively.
  • other optical film layers may be formed between the microlens layer and the sensing unit, such as a dielectric layer or a passivation layer.
  • a light blocking layer (or called a light shielding layer) with microholes may also be included, wherein the microholes are formed between the corresponding microlens and the sensing unit.
  • the light blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent microlens and the sensing unit, and make the light corresponding to the sensing unit converge into the microhole through the microlens and pass through the microhole. It is transmitted to the sensing unit for optical fingerprint imaging.
  • a micro lens layer may be further provided above or below the collimator layer or the optical lens layer.
  • the collimator layer or the optical lens layer is used in combination with the micro lens layer, its specific laminated structure or optical path may need to be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the display screen 120 may be a display screen with a self-luminous display unit, such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display Screen.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may use the display unit (ie, an OLED light source) of the OLED display screen 120 located in the fingerprint detection area 121 as an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the display screen 120 emits a beam of light 111 to the target finger 140 above the fingerprint detection area 121.
  • the light 111 is reflected on the surface of the finger 140 to form reflected light or pass through all the fingers.
  • the finger 140 scatters to form scattered light.
  • the above-mentioned reflected light and scattered light are collectively referred to as reflected light. Because the ridge 141 and valley 142 of the fingerprint have different light reflection capabilities, the reflected light 151 from the fingerprint ridge and the reflected light 152 from the fingerprint valley have different light intensities, and the reflected light passes through the optical component 132.
  • the terminal device 10 realizes the optical fingerprint recognition function.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also use a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may be suitable for non-self-luminous display screens, such as liquid crystal display screens or other passively-luminous display screens.
  • the optical fingerprint system of the terminal device 10 may also include an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the excitation light source may specifically be an infrared light source or a light source of invisible light of a specific wavelength, which may be arranged under the backlight module of the liquid crystal display or arranged in the edge area under the protective cover of the terminal device 10, and the
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may be arranged under the edge area of the liquid crystal panel or the protective cover and guided by the light path so that the fingerprint detection light can reach the optical fingerprint module 130; or, the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged at all Below the backlight module, and the backlight module is designed to allow the fingerprint detection light to pass through the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module and reach the optical Fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 uses a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection, the detection principle is the same as that described above.
  • the terminal device 10 further includes a transparent protective cover, and the cover may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the terminal.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may include only one optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130 has a small area and a fixed position, so the user is performing During fingerprint input, it is necessary to press the finger to a specific position of the fingerprint detection area 121, otherwise the optical fingerprint module 130 may not be able to collect fingerprint images, resulting in poor user experience.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may specifically include multiple optical fingerprint sensors. The multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side under the display screen 120 in a splicing manner, and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 121 of the optical fingerprint module 130 may include multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area corresponds to the sensing area of one of the optical fingerprint sensors, so that the fingerprint detection area of the optical fingerprint module 130 121 can be extended to the main area of the lower half of the display screen, that is, to the area where the finger is habitually pressed, so as to realize the blind fingerprint input operation.
  • the fingerprint detection area 130 can also be extended to half of the display area or even the entire display area, thereby realizing half-screen or full-screen fingerprint detection.
  • the thickness of the film varies greatly.
  • the thickness of the ordinary film is smaller, and the thickness of the tempered film is larger.
  • the fingerprint algorithm used for fingerprint recognition is usually optimized based on a specific film thickness, and only a film of that specific thickness can achieve better fingerprint recognition performance. If the user sticks a film of other thickness on his mobile phone, it may affect the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a fingerprint recognition solution, which detects the thickness of the film on the upper surface of the display screen, and selects an appropriate fingerprint algorithm based on the obtained film thickness, so that fingerprint recognition has a better effect on different film thicknesses.
  • the adaptability improves the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a fingerprint recognition device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the device 300 is applied to an electronic device with a display screen.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 may be an electronic device, such as the electronic device 10 described in FIGS. 1 and 2; it may also be an optical fingerprint module in the terminal device, and the optical fingerprint module may be, for example, FIG. And the optical fingerprint module 130 described in FIG. 2.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 300 includes an optical fingerprint sensor 310 and a processing unit 320. among them:
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is used for imaging the light signal reflected by the finger above the display screen to obtain a fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the processing unit 320 is configured to: obtain the thickness of the sticker on the display screen; and determine the fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker.
  • the fingerprint algorithm is used for fingerprint recognition based on the fingerprint image.
  • the processing unit 320 obtains the thickness of the sticker on the display screen, and selects an appropriate fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker, so that the fingerprint algorithm is used to process the fingerprint image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 310, so that the fingerprint Recognition has better adaptability to different film thicknesses and improves the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • the fingerprint algorithm for different film thicknesses may be different.
  • the dots per inch (DPI) of the fingerprint image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 310 may be different, so the fingerprint algorithm used when performing image processing on the fingerprint image can be adjusted adaptively.
  • the processing unit 320 is specifically configured to: determine the film thickness range to which the thickness of the sticker film belongs; and select the fingerprint algorithm corresponding to the film thickness range among the candidate fingerprint algorithms.
  • multiple film thickness ranges can be preset, and multiple candidate fingerprint algorithms corresponding to the multiple film thickness ranges.
  • the data obtained through repeated experiments can be used to determine the best fingerprint algorithm for different film thicknesses.
  • Fingerprint Algorithm 4 Film thickness range Fingerprint algorithm 0mm-0.15mm Fingerprint algorithm 1 0.15mm-0.2mm Fingerprint Algorithm 2 0.2mm-0.35mm Fingerprint Algorithm 3 0.35mm-0.45mm Fingerprint Algorithm 4
  • the fingerprint algorithm may be, for example, an algorithm used in processes such as preprocessing of fingerprint images, image enhancement, image feature extraction, and feature matching.
  • the parameters used to convolve the fingerprint image in different fingerprint algorithms are different.
  • different fingerprint algorithms use different similarity thresholds when matching fingerprint images.
  • the similarity between the collected fingerprint image and the fingerprint image in the fingerprint library reaches the similarity threshold, it can be confirmed that the fingerprint recognition is successful.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is also used to collect the first image and the second image of the light spot with a specific shape emitted by the excitation light source for fingerprint recognition.
  • the first image is an image formed by direct light from the light spot
  • the second image is an image formed by light reflected by the upper surface of the film of the light spot.
  • the processing unit 320 is specifically configured to determine the thickness of the sticker film according to the first image and the second image.
  • the excitation light source used for fingerprint recognition is, for example, the light-emitting layer of the display screen, for example, the light-emitting layer of an OLED or other self-luminous display screens.
  • the excitation light source may also be an additional light source provided outside the display screen.
  • the fingerprint detection area of the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is located in the display screen.
  • the light spot is located in a fingerprint detection area in the display screen.
  • the thickness of the film can be detected when the finger is pressed in the fingerprint detection area for fingerprint recognition. At this time, the touch of the finger can trigger the process of detecting the film thickness.
  • the light emitted by the excitation light source for fingerprint recognition forms a light spot with a specific shape.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 310 collects a first image formed by the direct light of the light spot, and a second image formed by the light reflected by the light spot on the upper surface of the film.
  • the first image is obtained based on the direct rays of the light spot, so the real image of the light spot is obtained.
  • the second image is obtained based on the reflected light formed by the light spot on the upper surface of the film, so the virtual image of the light spot is obtained.
  • the real image and virtual image of the light spot are symmetrical with respect to the upper surface of the film, and the virtual image of the light spot is located above the film, and the virtual image of the light spot is located below the film. Since the real image and the virtual image of the light spot are at different distances from the optical fingerprint sensor 310, the size of the first image and the second image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 310 are different. Based on the difference between the first image and the second image, the distance between the real image and the virtual image of the light spot can be determined, thereby determining the thickness of the sticker.
  • the thickness of the sticker can be determined based on the difference between the radial length of the first image and the second image.
  • the first image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is a real image of the light spot
  • the second image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is a virtual image of the light spot.
  • the size of the image is not affected by the thickness of the film because the distance between the spot and the optical fingerprint sensor 310 is constant.
  • the size of the virtual image of the light spot will be affected by the thickness of the film. The greater the thickness of the film, the farther the virtual image is from the real image and the farther away from the optical fingerprint sensor 310.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 further includes a lens 330, which is located between the display screen and the optical fingerprint sensor 310, and is used to image the direct light from the spot and the light reflected by the upper surface of the film to Optical fingerprint sensor 310.
  • a lens 330 which is located between the display screen and the optical fingerprint sensor 310, and is used to image the direct light from the spot and the light reflected by the upper surface of the film to Optical fingerprint sensor 310.
  • the lens 330 guides the direct light of the spot and the light reflected by the upper surface of the film to the sensing array of the optical fingerprint sensor 310.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 310 collects the direct light from the light spot and the light reflected by the upper surface of the film. The reflected light obtains the real and virtual images of the spot.
  • FIG. 4 shows a display screen 410, a lens 420 and an optical fingerprint sensor 430 arranged in sequence below the display screen 410.
  • the display screen 410 includes an OLED light-emitting layer 411, a glass cover plate 412 and a sticker 413.
  • the distance setting between the display screen 410, the lens 420, and the optical fingerprint sensor 430 satisfies the imaging condition of the lens 420.
  • the finger is performing fingerprint recognition, the finger is in contact with the upper surface of the sticker 413.
  • the OLED light-emitting layer 411 has an OLED virtual image layer 414 symmetrical about the upper surface of the film.
  • the light emitted from the OLED light-emitting layer 411 forms a light spot 440 with a specific shape.
  • the light of the light spot 440 is reflected on the upper surface of the film 413, that is, on the surface where the finger contacts the display screen, to form reflected light.
  • the reflected light forms a virtual image of the spot 440 on the OLED virtual image layer 414.
  • the size of the real image and the virtual image of the light spot 440 collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430 through the lens 420 are different. Based on the difference between the real image and the virtual image of the light spot 440, it can be determined The thickness of the film 413.
  • the light spot 440 on the OLED light-emitting layer 411 is a ring-shaped light spot as shown in FIG. 5(a).
  • Part of the light in the ring spot is directly transmitted to the optical fingerprint sensor 430.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 430 collects this part of the light, the real image of the spot 440 can be obtained, that is, the outer ring image in FIGS. 5(b) and 5(c).
  • the outer ring its radius is R 0 .
  • the farther away from the lens the smaller the image formed. Therefore, the thicker the film 413, the farther the virtual image of the ring light spot symmetrical with respect to the upper surface of the film 413 is from the lens 420, the smaller the virtual image of the ring light spot collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430.
  • the thinner the film 413 the closer the virtual image of the ring light spot symmetrical to the upper surface of the film 413 is from the lens 420, the larger the virtual image of the ring light spot collected by the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the radius of the inner ring collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430 when a thin film is used as shown in FIG. 5(b) is R 1
  • the radius of the inner ring collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430 when a thick film is used as shown in FIG. 5(b) The radius is R 2 . It can be seen that R 1 > R 2 .
  • the film thickness detection can be triggered by pressing the display screen 410 with a finger.
  • the user triggers the film thickness detection when performing fingerprint recognition.
  • the film thickness detection can be realized based on the reflected light of the finger, that is, the light reflected by the finger. It is imaged to the optical fingerprint sensor 430 to obtain a virtual image of the light spot 440.
  • the thickness of the sticker 413 can be determined based on the radius difference between the real image and the virtual image of the annular light spot collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430. The greater the difference in radius, the greater the thickness of the film 413. For example, in Fig.
  • the radius difference is R 0- R 1
  • the radius difference is R 0- R 2 . Since R1>R2, correspondingly, R 0 -R 1 ⁇ R 0 -R 2 , the thickness of the sticker 413 corresponding to FIG. 5(b) is smaller than the thickness of the sticker 413 corresponding to FIG. 5(c).
  • the film thickness detection can still be implemented based on the method described in the embodiment of the present application. At this time, it can be realized based on the interface reflection of the upper surface of the sticker 413, that is, the light reflected by the upper surface of the sticker 412 is imaged to the optical fingerprint sensor 430 to obtain a virtual image of the light spot 440. At this time, the difference in film thickness can be judged based on the size of R 0 -R 1 and R 0 -R 2 ; or, when the position of the spot 400 on the OLED light-emitting layer 411 is fixed, it can also be judged directly based on the size of R 1 and R 2 Difference in film thickness. For example, according to R 1 >R 2 , it can be determined that the thickness of the film 413 corresponding to FIG. 5(b) is smaller than the thickness of the film 413 corresponding to FIG. 5(c).
  • Fig. 6 shows data extracted along any diameter direction in Fig. 5(b) and Fig. 5(c).
  • the horizontal axis is the position coordinate in the diameter direction
  • the vertical axis is the data value collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 430, and the data value may represent light intensity or brightness.
  • Fig. 6 shows the respective radial light intensity curves corresponding to the thin film and the thick film.
  • the first peak and last peak of the curve represent the outer ring in Fig. 5(b) and Fig. 5(c)
  • the two peaks in the middle of the curve represent the inner ring in Fig. 5(b) and Fig. 5(c). ring. It can be seen that the diameter of the inner ring corresponding to the thin film is larger than the diameter of the inner ring corresponding to the thick film.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 430 obtains a virtual image and a real image of the light spot 440 on the OLED light-emitting layer by imaging the light spot 440 with a special shape, so that the film thickness information can be obtained based on the difference between the virtual image and the real image of the light spot 440.
  • the light spot of a specific shape in the embodiment of the present application can be a ring, such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a rectangle, a polygon, or a ring of any shape; it can also be a light spot of other shapes, such as The spot is two vertical bars "
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
  • the shape of the light spot is selected so that the real image and the virtual image of the light spot collected by the optical fingerprint sensor do not overlap.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the color of the light spot, for example, it may be a monochromatic light spot or a light spot of composite color.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the background color of the light spot.
  • it may be a bright light spot under a dark background or a dark light spot under a bright background.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 300 can detect the thickness of the film by imaging the light spot formed by the excitation light source, or obtain the thickness of the film by other means, such as inputting the thickness of the film by the user, so that the device 300 is based on the user
  • the input film thickness selects the matching fingerprint algorithm.
  • the embodiment of the application also provides a method for fingerprint identification. As shown in Figure 9, the method may include all or part of the following steps.
  • Step 910 Obtain the thickness of the film on the display screen.
  • Step 920 Determine a fingerprint algorithm according to the thickness of the sticker, and the fingerprint algorithm is used for fingerprint identification.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor collects the light reflected by the finger above the display screen to obtain the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the thickness of the film above the display screen is acquired, and an appropriate fingerprint algorithm is selected based on the thickness of the film, so that the fingerprint algorithm is used to process the fingerprint image, which can improve the adaptability of fingerprint recognition to the thickness of the film.
  • the film thickness range that the thickness of the film on the upper surface of the display screen belongs to it is possible to determine the film thickness range that the thickness of the film on the upper surface of the display screen belongs to, and select the fingerprint algorithm corresponding to the film thickness range among the candidate fingerprint algorithms.
  • the obtaining the thickness of the film on the display screen includes: collecting a first image and a second image with a light spot with a specific shape emitted by an excitation light source for fingerprint recognition, where the first image is The image formed by the direct light of the light spot, the second image is an image formed by the light reflected by the upper surface of the film of the light spot; the film is determined according to the first image and the second image thickness of.
  • the first image is obtained based on the direct rays of the light spot, so the real image of the light spot is obtained.
  • the second image is obtained based on the reflected light formed by the light spot on the upper surface of the film, so the virtual image of the light spot is obtained.
  • the real image and virtual image of the light spot are symmetrical with respect to the upper surface of the film, and the virtual image of the light spot is located above the film, and the virtual image of the light spot is located below the film. Since the real image and the virtual image of the light spot are at different distances from the optical fingerprint sensor, the size of the first image and the second image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor are different. Based on the difference between the first image and the second image, the distance between the real image and the virtual image of the light spot can be determined, thereby determining the thickness of the sticker.
  • the thickness of the sticker can be determined based on the difference between the radial length of the first image and the second image.
  • the greater the difference between the radial length of the first image and the second image the greater the thickness of the sticker.
  • the greater the thickness of the film the farther the virtual image is from the real image and the farther from the optical fingerprint sensor. Therefore, the smaller the virtual image of the light spot collected by the optical fingerprint sensor, the greater the radial length difference between the real image and the virtual image; the smaller the film thickness, The closer the virtual image is to the real image, the closer it is to the optical fingerprint sensor. Therefore, the larger the virtual image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor, the smaller the radial length difference between the real image and the virtual image.
  • the method of detecting the thickness of the film and the process of selecting the fingerprint algorithm can refer to the foregoing specific descriptions of FIGS. 3 to 8. For the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here. The features on the device side also apply to method testing.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, which includes a display screen, an optical fingerprint sensor, and the fingerprint recognition device in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the display screen can be a common display screen or a flexible display screen.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be portable or mobile computing devices such as terminal devices, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, game devices, in-vehicle electronic devices, or wearable smart devices, and Electronic databases, automobiles, bank automated teller machines (Automated Teller Machine, ATM) and other electronic equipment.
  • the wearable smart device includes full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be achieved without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones Use, such as various types of smart bracelets, smart jewelry and other equipment for physical sign monitoring.

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Abstract

一种指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备，能够降低显示屏上贴膜对屏下指纹识别的性能的影响。所述装置包括：光学指纹传感器，用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的光信号进行成像，得到所述手指的指纹图像；处理单元，用于：获取所述显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，所述指纹算法用于基于所述指纹图像的指纹识别。

Description

指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及生物特征识别领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备。
背景技术
光学屏下指纹识别技术是通过光学指纹传感器采集光源发出的光线在显示屏上方的手指上发生反射形成的反射光，并根据该反射光获取该手指的指纹图像，从而基于该指纹图像进行指纹识别。人们通常喜欢在设备的显示屏表面贴上一层贴膜，而该贴膜存在一定厚度，因此会影响屏下指纹识别的性能。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种指纹识别方法、装置和电子设备，能够降低显示屏上贴膜对屏下指纹识别性能的影响。
第一方面，提供了一种指纹识别装置，应用于具有显示屏的电子设备，所述装置包括：
光学指纹传感器，用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的光信号进行成像，得到所述手指的指纹图像；
处理单元，用于：获取所述显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，所述指纹算法用于基于所述指纹图像的指纹识别。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学指纹传感器还用于：采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像，所述第一图像为所述光斑的直射光线形成的图像，所述第二图像为所述光斑的经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像；
所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的 差值越大，所述贴膜的厚度越小。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述激励光源为所述显示屏的发光层，所述光斑位于所述显示屏内的指纹采集区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括透镜，所述透镜位于所述显示屏与所述光学指纹传感器之间，用于将所述光斑的直射光线和经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线，成像至所述光学指纹传感器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述特定形状为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、或多边形的环。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光斑为单色光斑或者复合颜色的光斑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光斑为暗背景下的亮光斑，或者为亮背景下的暗光斑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：确定所述贴膜的厚度所属的范围；在多个指纹算法中，选择与所述范围对应的所述指纹算法。
第二方面，提供了一种指纹识别的方法，包括：获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，所述指纹算法用于指纹识别。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度，包括：采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像，所述第一图像为所述光斑的直射光线形成的图像，所述第二图像为所述光斑的经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像；根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度，包括：根据所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值越大，所述贴膜的厚度越小。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述特定形状为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、或多边形的环。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光斑为单色光斑或者复合颜色的光斑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光斑为暗背景下的亮光斑，或者为亮背景下的暗光斑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，包 括：确定所述贴膜的厚度所属的范围；在多个指纹算法中，选择与所述范围对应的所述指纹算法。
第三方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括：
显示屏；
光学指纹传感器；以及，
第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的指纹识别的装置。
基于上述技术方案，根据显示屏上的贴膜的厚度，选择用于对采集到的指纹图像进行处理的指纹算法，使得指纹识别能够适应贴膜厚度，从而降低贴膜对指纹识别性能的影响。
附图说明
图1是本申请可以适用的电子设备的结构示意图。
图2是图1所示的电子设备沿A-A’方向的剖面示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的指纹识别的装置300的示意性框图。
图4是本申请实施例的检测贴膜厚度的方法的原理图。
图5(a)是显示屏的发光层上的光斑的示意图。
图5(b)是薄膜对应的光斑图像的示意图。
图5(c)是厚膜对应的光斑图像的示意图。
图6是薄膜和厚膜对应的光斑图像的数据的示意图。
图7是不同形状的光斑的示意图。
图8是不同背景下的光斑的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例的指纹识别的方法的示意性流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
应理解，本申请实施例可以应用于光学指纹***，包括但不限于光学指纹识别***和基于光学指纹成像的医疗诊断产品，本申请实施例仅以光学指纹***为例进行说明，但不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定，本申请实施例同样适用于其他采用光学成像技术的***等。
作为一种常见的应用场景，本申请实施例提供的光学指纹***可以应用在智能手机、平板电脑以及其他具有显示屏的移动终端或者其他终端设备； 更具体地，在上述终端设备中，光学指纹模组可以具体为光学指纹模组，其可以设置在显示屏下方的局部区域或者全部区域，从而形成屏下(Under-display或Under-screen)光学指纹***。或者，所述光学指纹模组也可以部分或者全部集成至所述终端设备的显示屏内部，从而形成屏内(In-display或In-screen)光学指纹***。
图1和图2示出了本申请实施例可以适用的电子设备的示意图。其中，图1为电子设备10的定向示意图，图2为图1所示的电子设备10沿A-A’方向的部分剖面示意图。
所述终端设备10包括显示屏120和光学指纹模组130。其中，所述光学指纹模组130设置在所述显示屏120下方的局部区域。所述光学指纹模组130包括光学指纹传感器，所述光学指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元131的感应阵列133。所述感应阵列133所在区域或者其感应区域为所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121(也可以称为指纹采集区域、指纹识别区域等)。如图1所示，所述指纹检测区域121位于所述显示屏120的显示区域之中。在一种替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130还可以设置在其他位置，比如所述显示屏120的侧面或者所述终端设备10的边缘非透光区域，并通过光路设计来将来自所述显示屏120的至少部分显示区域的光信号导引到所述光学指纹模组130，从而使得所述指纹检测区域121实际上位于所述显示屏120的显示区域。
应当理解，所述指纹检测区域121的面积可以与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积不同，例如通过例如透镜成像的光路设计、反射式折叠光路设计或者其他光线汇聚或者反射等光路设计，可以使得所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121的面积大于所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积。在其他替代实现方式中，如果采用例如光线准直方式进行光路引导，所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121也可以设计成与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列的面积基本一致。
因此，使用者在需要对所述终端设备进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于所述显示屏120的指纹检测区域121，便可以实现指纹输入。由于指纹检测可以在屏内实现，因此采用上述结构的终端设备10无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，从而可以采用全面屏方案，即所述显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到整个终端设备10 的正面。
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图1所示，所述光学指纹模组130包括光检测部分134和光学组件132。所述光检测部分134包括所述感应阵列133以及与所述感应阵列133电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以在通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)，比如光学成像芯片或者光学指纹传感器。所述感应阵列133具体为光探测器(Photodetector)阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器，所述光探测器可以作为如上所述的光学感应单元。所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构、以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而所述导光层或光路引导结构主要用于从手指表面反射回来的反射光导引至所述感应阵列133进行光学检测。
在具体实现上，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹部件。比如，所述光学组件132可以与所述光学检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹芯片，也可以将所述光学组件132设置在所述光检测部分134所在的芯片外部，比如将所述光学组件132贴合在所述芯片上方，或者将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
其中，所述光学组件132的导光层或者光路引导结构有多种实现方案，比如，所述导光层可以具体为在半导体硅片制作而成的准直器(Collimator)层，其具有多个准直单元或者微孔阵列，所述准直单元可以具体为小孔，从手指反射回来的反射光中，垂直入射到所述准直单元的光线可以穿过并被其下方的光学感应单元接收，而入射角度过大的光线在所述准直单元内部经过多次反射被衰减掉，因此每一个光学感应单元基本只能接收到其正上方的指纹纹路反射回来的反射光，从而所述感应阵列133便可以检测出手指的指纹图像。
在另一种实施例中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以为光学透镜(Lens)层，其具有一个或多个透镜单元，比如一个或多个非球面透镜组成的透镜组，其用于将从手指反射回来的反射光汇聚到其下方的光检测部分134的感应阵列133，以使得所述感应阵列133可以基于所述反射光进行成像，从而得到所述手指的指纹图像。可选地，所述光学透镜层在所述透镜单元的光路中还可以形成有针孔，所述针孔可以配合所述光学透镜层扩大所述 光学指纹模组130的视场，以提高所述光学指纹模组130的指纹成像效果。
在其他实施例中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以具体采用微透镜(Micro-Lens)层，所述微透镜层具有由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于所述感应阵列133的其中一个感应单元。并且，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以形成其他光学膜层，比如介质层或者钝化层。更具体地，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以包括具有微孔的挡光层(或称为遮光层)，其中所述微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，所述挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并使得所述感应单元所对应的光线通过所述微透镜汇聚到所述微孔内部并经由所述微孔传输到所述感应单元以进行光学指纹成像。
应当理解，上述导光层或者光路引导结构的几种实现方案可以单独使用也可以结合使用。比如，可以在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层的上方或下方进一步设置微透镜层。当然，在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层与所述微透镜层结合使用时，其具体叠层结构或者光路可能需要按照实际需要进行调整。
作为一种可选的实施例，所述显示屏120可以采用具有自发光显示单元的显示屏，比如有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏。以采用OLED显示屏为例，所述光学指纹模组130可以利用所述OLED显示屏120位于所述指纹检测区域121的显示单元(即OLED光源)来作为光学指纹检测的激励光源。当手指140按压在所述指纹检测区域121时，显示屏120向所述指纹检测区域121上方的目标手指140发出一束光111，该光111在手指140的表面发生反射形成反射光或者经过所述手指140内部散射而形成散射光，在相关专利申请中，为便于描述，上述反射光和散射光统称为反射光。由于指纹的脊(ridge)141与谷(valley)142对于光的反射能力不同，因此，来自指纹脊的反射光151和来自指纹谷的反射光152具有不同的光强，反射光经过光学组件132后，被光学指纹模组130中的感应阵列133所接收并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹检测信号；基于所述指纹检测信号便可以获得指纹图像数据，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在终端设备10实现光学指纹识别功能。
在其他实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130也可以采用内置光源或者外置 光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号。在这种情况下，所述光学指纹模组130可以适用于非自发光显示屏，比如液晶显示屏或者其他的被动发光显示屏。以应用在具有背光模组和液晶面板的液晶显示屏为例，为支持液晶显示屏的屏下指纹检测，所述终端设备10的光学指纹***还可以包括用于光学指纹检测的激励光源，所述激励光源可以具体为红外光源或者特定波长非可见光的光源，其可以设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组下方或者设置在所述终端设备10的保护盖板下方的边缘区域，而所述光学指纹模组130可以设置液晶面板或者保护盖板的边缘区域下方并通过光路引导以使得指纹检测光可以到达所述光学指纹模组130；或者，所述光学指纹模组130也可以设置在所述背光模组下方，且所述背光模组通过对扩散片、增亮片、反射片等膜层进行开孔或者其他光学设计以允许指纹检测光穿过液晶面板和背光模组并到达所述光学指纹模组130。当采用所述光学指纹模组130采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号时，其检测原理与上面描述内容是一致的。
应当理解的是，在具体实现上，所述终端设备10还包括透明保护盖板，所述盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于所述显示屏120的上方并覆盖所述终端设备10的正面。因此，本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在所述显示屏120实际上是指按压在所述显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖所述盖板的保护层表面。
另一方面，在某些实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130可以仅包括一个光学指纹传感器，此时光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121的面积较小且位置固定，因此用户在进行指纹输入时需要将手指按压到所述指纹检测区域121的特定位置，否则光学指纹模组130可能无法采集到指纹图像而造成用户体验不佳。在其他替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130可以具体包括多个光学指纹传感器。所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过拼接方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121。也就是说，所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121可以包括多个子区域，每个子区域分别对应于其中一个光学指纹传感器的感应区域，从而将所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域121可以扩展到所述显示屏的下半部分的主要区域，即扩展到手指惯常按压区域，从而实现盲按式指纹输入操作。可替代地，当所述光学指纹传感器数量足够 时，所述指纹检测区域130还可以扩展到半个显示区域甚至整个显示区域，从而实现半屏或者全屏指纹检测。
目前，市面上存在的手机贴膜的种类繁多，贴膜的厚度差异也很大。例如，普通膜的厚度较小，钢化膜的厚度较大。而用于指纹识别的指纹算法通常是基于某一特定膜厚进行优化，仅对该特定厚度的贴膜能够达到较好的指纹识别性能。而用户如果在其手机上贴了其他厚度的贴膜，则可能对指纹识别的性能造成影响。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提出一种指纹识别的方案，通过检测显示屏上表面的贴膜的厚度，并基于获得的贴膜厚度选择合适的指纹算法，从而使指纹识别对不同贴膜厚度具有较好的适应性，提高了指纹识别的性能。
图3是本申请实施例的指纹识别的装置的示意性框图。如图3所示，该装置300应用于具有显示屏的电子设备。该指纹识别的装置300可以是电子设备，例如前述图1和图2中所述的电子设备10；也可以是该终端设备中的光学指纹模组，该光学指纹模组例如可以是前述图1和图2中所述的光学指纹模组130。
如图3所示，所述指纹识别的装置300包括光学指纹传感器310和处理单元320。其中：
光学指纹传感器310用于：对显示屏上方的手指反射的光信号进行成像，得到该手指的指纹图像。
处理单元320用于：获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；根据该贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法。
其中，该指纹算法用于基于该指纹图像的指纹识别。
该实施例中，处理单元320获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度，并根据该贴膜的厚度选择合适的指纹算法，从而使用该指纹算法对光学指纹传感器310采集到的指纹图像进行处理，能够使指纹识别对不同贴膜厚度具有较好的适应性，提高了指纹识别的性能。
不同膜厚对应的指纹算法可能不同。
例如，贴膜厚度不同时，光学指纹传感器310采集到的指纹图像的每英寸点数(Dots Per Inch，DPI)可能不同，因此在对指纹图像进行图像处理时使用的指纹算法可以做适应性地调整。
可选地，处理单元320具体用于：确定所述贴膜的厚度所属的膜厚范围； 并在候选的指纹算法中，选择与该膜厚范围对应的该指纹算法。
例如，可以预设多个膜厚范围，以及与这多个膜厚范围对应的多个候选的指纹算法。可以通过反复实验获得的数据，来确定针对不同膜厚的最佳的指纹算法。
以表1为例进行说明，假设预设4种指纹算法，分别对应于4个膜厚范围。若检测到的贴膜的厚度属于0-0.15毫米，选择指纹算法1对采集到的指纹图像进行处理。若检测到的贴膜的厚度属于0.15-0.2毫米，选择指纹算法2对采集到的指纹图像进行处理。若检测到的贴膜的厚度属于0.2-0.35毫米，选择指纹算法3对采集到的指纹图像进行处理。若检测到的贴膜的厚度属于0.35-0.45毫米，选择指纹算法4对采集到的指纹图像进行处理。
表一
膜厚范围 指纹算法
0mm-0.15mm 指纹算法1
0.15mm-0.2mm 指纹算法2
0.2mm-0.35mm 指纹算法3
0.35mm-0.45mm 指纹算法4
该指纹算法例如可以是对指纹图像的预处理、图像增强、图像特征提取、特征匹配等过程中所使用的算法。
例如，不同指纹算法中用于对指纹图像进行滤波的参数不同。
又例如，不同指纹算法中用于对指纹图像进行卷积的参数不同。
又例如，不同指纹算法中对指纹图像进行匹配时所使用相似度阈值不同。当采集到的指纹图像与指纹库中的指纹图像的相似度达到该相似度阈值时，可以确认指纹识别成功。
以下，结合图4至图8详细描述本申请实施例的检测贴膜厚度的方法。
可选地，光学指纹传感器310还用于：采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像。
其中，该第一图像为该光斑的直射光线形成的图像，该第二图像为该光斑的经该贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像。
这时，该处理单元320具体用于：根据该第一图像和该第二图像，确定该贴膜的厚度。
用于指纹识别的该激励光源例如为该显示屏的发光层，例如为OLED发光层或者其他自发光显示屏的发光层。或者，该激励光源也可以为设置于显示屏外部的额外光源。
光学指纹传感器310的指纹检测区域位于显示屏内。可选地，该光斑位于该显示屏内的指纹检测区域。
可以在手指按压在指纹检测区域内进行指纹识别时，进行贴膜厚度的检测。这时，手指的触摸可以触发检测膜厚的过程。
当然，也可以在没有手指按压时，基于该贴膜的上表面的界面反射进行贴膜厚度的检测。
本申请实施例中，指纹识别的激励光源发出的光线形成具有特定形状的光斑。光学指纹传感器310采集该光斑的直射光线所形成的第一图像，以及该光斑在贴膜的上表面反射的光线所形成的第二图像。
该第一图像是基于该光斑的直射光线成像得到的，因此得到的是该光斑的实像。而该第二图像是基于该光斑在贴膜上表面形成的反射光线成像得到的，因此得到的是该光斑的虚像。该光斑的实像和虚像关于贴膜的上表面对称，且该光斑的虚像位于贴膜的上方，光斑的虚像位于贴膜的下方。由于该光斑的实像和虚像距离光学指纹传感器310的距离不同，因此在光学指纹传感器310采集到的第一图像和第二图像的大小不同。基于该第一图像和该第二图像之间的差异，可以确定该光斑的实像和虚像之间的距离，从而确定该贴膜的厚度。
例如，可以基于该第一图像和该第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定该贴膜的厚度。
其中，该第一图像与该第二图像的径向长度的差值越大，该贴膜的厚度越大；该第一图像与该第二图像的径向长度的差值越小，该贴膜的厚度越小。
这是因为，光学指纹传感器310采集到的第一图像为光斑的实像，光学指纹传感器310采集到的第二图像为该光斑的虚像。光斑位置不变时，其实像的大小不受贴膜厚度的影响，因为光斑与光学指纹传感器310之间的距离是不变的。但是光斑的虚像的大小会受贴膜厚度的影响。贴膜厚度越大，虚像距离实像越远，距离光学指纹传感器310也越远，因此光学指纹传感器310采集到的光斑的虚像越小，实像与虚像之间的径向长度相差越大；贴膜厚度越小，虚像距离实像越近，距离光学指纹传感器310也越近，因此光学指纹 传感器310采集到的虚像越大，实像与虚像之间的径向长度相差越小。
可选地，该指纹识别的装置300还包括透镜330，该透镜330位于显示屏与光学指纹传感器310之间，用于将该光斑的直射光线和经该贴膜的上表面反射的光线，成像至光学指纹传感器310。
该透镜330将该光斑的直射光线和经该贴膜的上表面反射的光线引导至光学指纹传感器310的感应阵列上，光学指纹传感器310根据采集到的该光斑的直射光线和经该贴膜的上表面反射的光线，获得该光斑的实像和虚像。
下面结合图4详细描述本申请实施例的检测贴膜厚度的原理。图4示出了显示屏410，以及依次设置于显示屏410下方的透镜420和光学指纹传感器430。其中，显示屏410包括OLED发光层411、玻璃盖板412和贴膜413。显示屏410、透镜420、光学指纹传感器430之间的距离设置满足透镜420的成像条件。手指在进行指纹识别时，手指与贴膜413的上表面接触。
如图4所示，OLED发光层411存在一个以贴膜上表面为中心对称的OLED虚像层414。OLED发光层411发出的光线形成特定形状的光斑440。光斑440的光线在贴膜413的上表面，即在手指与显示屏接触的表面上，发生反射形成反射光。该反射光线在OLED虚像层414上形成光斑440的虚像。
由于光斑440和其虚像距离透镜420的距离不同，因此光学指纹传感器430通过透镜420采集到的光斑440的实像和虚像的大小就不同，基于光斑440的实像和虚像之间的差异，就能够判断贴膜413的厚度。
假设OLED发光层411上的光斑440为图5(a)所示环形光斑。环形光斑中的一部分光线直接传输至光学指纹传感器430，光学指纹传感器430采集这一部分光线后可以得到该光斑440的实像，即图5(b)和图5(c)中的外侧的环形图像，以下简称外环，其半径为R 0。环形光斑中的另一部分光线照射显示屏410上方的手指，光学指纹传感器430采集该手指产生的反射光线，从而得到由该反射光线形成的环形光斑的虚像，即图5(b)和图5(c)中的内侧的环形图像，以下简称内环。
基于透镜成像的原理，距离透镜越远，则所成的像越小。因此，贴膜413越厚，导致相对于贴膜413上表面对称的环形光斑的虚像距离透镜420越远，光学指纹传感器430采集到的环形光斑的虚像越小。相反，贴膜413越薄，导致相对于贴膜413上表面对称的环形光斑的虚像距离透镜420越近，光学指纹传感器采集到的环形光斑的虚像越大。
如图5(b)所示的采用薄膜时光学指纹传感器430采集到的内环的半径为R 1，如图5(b)所示的采用厚膜时光学指纹传感器430采集到的内环的半径为R 2。可以看出，R 1＞R 2。
在图4中，膜厚检测可以是基于手指按压显示屏410来触发，例如用户在进行指纹识别是触发膜厚检测，此时可以基于手指的反射光线来实现膜厚检测，即手指反射的光线被成像至光学指纹传感器430从而获得光斑440的虚像。此时，由于手指的按压位置不确定，因此可以基于光学指纹传感器430采集到的环形光斑的实像和虚像的半径差来判断贴膜413的厚度。该半径差越大，贴膜413的厚度越大。例如，在图5(b)中，该半径差为R 0-R 1，在图5(c)中，该半径差为R 0-R 2。由于R1＞R2，相应地，R 0-R 1＜R 0-R 2，因此图5(b)对应的贴膜413的厚度小于图5(c)对应的贴膜413的厚度。
但是，当显示屏410上方没有手指时，仍然可以基于本申请实施例所述的方法来实现膜厚检测。这时，可以基于贴膜413的上表面的界面反射来实现，即贴膜412的上表面反射的光线被成像至光学指纹传感器430从而获得光斑440的虚像。此时，可以基于R 0-R 1和R 0-R 2的大小判断膜厚差异；或者，在OLED发光层411上的光斑400位置固定时，也可以直接基于R 1和R 2的大小判断膜厚差异。例如，根据R 1＞R 2，可以判断图5(b)对应的贴膜413的厚度小于图5(c)对应的贴膜413的厚度。
图6示出了沿图5(b)和图5(c)中任意直径方向上提取的数据。其中，横轴为直径方向上的位置坐标，纵轴为光学指纹传感器430采集到的数据值，该数据值可以表示光强或亮度。图6中分别示出了薄膜和厚膜各自对应的径向的光强曲线。其中，曲线的第一个峰值和最后一个峰值表示图5(b)和图5(c)中的外环，曲线的中间两个峰值表示图5(b)和图5(c)中的内环。可以看出，薄膜对应的内环的直径大于厚膜对应的内环的直径。
光学指纹传感器430通过对OLED发光层上的特殊形状的光斑440进行成像，得到该光斑440的虚像和实像，从而基于该光斑440的虚像和实像之间的差异，就能够获得膜厚的信息。
其中，例如图7所示，本申请实施例中的特定形状的光斑，可以为环形，例如圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、多边形或者任意形状的环；也可以是其他形状的光斑，例如该光斑是两条竖杠“||”等。本申请实施例对此不做限定。优选地，该光斑形状的选择，使得光学指纹传感器采集到的该光斑的 实像和虚像之间不重叠。
另外，本申请实施例对该光斑的颜色也不做限定，例如可以是单色光斑，也可以是复合颜色的光斑。
并且，例如图8所示，本申请实施例对该光斑的背景的颜色也不做限定，例如可以是暗背景下的亮光斑，或者是亮背景下的暗光斑。
本申请实施例中，指纹识别的装置300可以通过对激励光源形成的光斑进行成像来检测贴膜厚度，也可以通过其他方式获取贴膜厚度，例如通过用户输入该贴膜的厚度，从而该装置300基于用户输入的贴膜厚度选择匹配的指纹算法。
本申请实施例还提供一种指纹识别的方法。如图9所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤中的全部或部分。
步骤910，获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度。
步骤920，根据该贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，该指纹算法用于指纹识别。
光学指纹传感器采集经由显示屏上方的手指反射的光线，得到该手指的指纹图像。同时获取显示屏上方的贴膜的厚度，并基于该贴膜的厚度选择合适的指纹算法，从而利用该指纹算法对该指纹图像进行处理，能够提高指纹识别对贴膜厚度的适应性。
例如，可以确定显示屏上表面的贴膜的厚度所属膜厚范围，并在候选的多个指纹算法中，选择与所述膜厚范围对应的所述指纹算法。
可选地，在910中，所述获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度，包括：采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像，所述第一图像为所述光斑的直射光线形成的图像，所述第二图像为所述光斑的经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像；根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
该第一图像是基于该光斑的直射光线成像得到的，因此得到的是该光斑的实像。而该第二图像是基于该光斑在贴膜上表面形成的反射光线成像得到的，因此得到的是该光斑的虚像。该光斑的实像和虚像关于贴膜的上表面对称，且该光斑的虚像位于贴膜的上方，光斑的虚像位于贴膜的下方。由于该光斑的实像和虚像距离光学指纹传感器的距离不同，因此在光学指纹传感器采集到的第一图像和第二图像的大小不同。基于该第一图像和该第二图像之间的差异，可以确定该光斑的实像和虚像之间的距离，从而确定该贴膜的厚 度。
例如，可以根据该第一图像与该第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定该贴膜的厚度。
其中，该第一图像与该第二图像的径向长度的差值越大，该贴膜的厚度越大。该第一图像与该第二图像的径向长度的差值越小，该贴膜的厚度越小。
贴膜厚度越大，虚像距离实像越远，距离光学指纹传感器也越远，因此光学指纹传感器采集到的光斑的虚像越小，实像与虚像之间的径向长度相差越大；贴膜厚度越小，虚像距离实像越近，距离光学指纹传感器也越近，因此光学指纹传感器采集到的虚像越大，实像与虚像之间的径向长度相差越小。
在指纹识别的方法900中，检测贴膜厚度的方法和选择指纹算法的过程可以参考前述关于图3至图8的具体描述，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。装置侧的特征同样适用于方法测。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括显示屏、光学指纹传感器以及上述本申请各种实施例中的指纹识别的装置。
其中，该显示屏可以为普通的显示屏，也可以为柔性显示屏。
作为示例而非限定，本申请实施例中的电子设备可以为终端设备、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、台式机电脑、游戏设备、车载电子设备或穿戴式智能设备等便携式或移动计算设备，以及电子数据库、汽车、银行自动柜员机(Automated Teller Machine，ATM)等其他电子设备。该穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等设备。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的前提下，本申请描述的各个实施例和/或各个实施例中的技术特征可以任意的相互组合，组合之后得到的技术方案也应落入本申请的保护范围。
应理解，本申请实施例中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围，本领域技术人员可以在上述实施例的基础上进行各种改进和变形，而这些改进或者变形均落在本申请的保护范围内。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易 想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种指纹识别的装置，其特征在于，应用于具有显示屏的电子设备，所述装置包括：
    光学指纹传感器，用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的光信号进行成像，得到所述手指的指纹图像；
    处理单元，用于：
    获取所述显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；
    根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，所述指纹算法用于基于所述指纹图像的指纹识别。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学指纹传感器还用于：
    采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像，所述第一图像为所述光斑的直射光线形成的图像，所述第二图像为所述光斑的经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像；
    所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值越大，所述贴膜的厚度越大。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述激励光源为所述显示屏的发光层，所述光斑位于所述显示屏内的指纹采集区域。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括透镜，所述透镜位于所述显示屏与所述光学指纹传感器之间，用于将所述光斑的直射光线和经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线，成像至所述光学指纹传感器。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述特定形状为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、或多边形的环。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光斑为单色光斑或者复合颜色的光斑。
  9. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光斑为暗背景下的亮光斑，或者为亮背景下的暗光斑。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    确定所述贴膜的厚度所属膜厚范围；
    在候选的指纹算法中，选择与所述膜厚范围对应的所述指纹算法。
  11. 一种指纹识别的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度；
    根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，所述指纹算法用于指纹识别。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取显示屏上的贴膜的厚度，包括：
    采集指纹识别的激励光源发出的具有特定形状的光斑的第一图像和第二图像，所述第一图像为所述光斑的直射光线形成的图像，所述第二图像为所述光斑的经所述贴膜的上表面反射的光线形成的图像；
    根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
  13. 根据权利12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一图像和所述第二图像，确定所述贴膜的厚度，包括：
    根据所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值，确定所述贴膜的厚度。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一图像与所述第二图像的径向长度的差值越大，所述贴膜的厚度越小。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定形状为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、或多边形的环。
  16. 根据权利要求12至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述光斑为单色光斑或者复合颜色的光斑。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述光斑为暗背景下的亮光斑，或者为亮背景下的暗光斑。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述贴膜的厚度确定指纹算法，包括：
    确定所述贴膜的厚度所属膜厚范围；
    在候选的指纹算法中，选择与所述膜厚范围对应的所述指纹算法。
  19. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：
    显示屏；
    光学指纹传感器；以及，
    根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的指纹识别的装置。
PCT/CN2019/078458 2019-03-18 2019-03-18 指纹识别的装置、方法和电子设备 WO2020186415A1 (zh)

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