WO2020183046A1 - Automatic opening and closing device for doors - Google Patents
Automatic opening and closing device for doors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020183046A1 WO2020183046A1 PCT/ES2020/070167 ES2020070167W WO2020183046A1 WO 2020183046 A1 WO2020183046 A1 WO 2020183046A1 ES 2020070167 W ES2020070167 W ES 2020070167W WO 2020183046 A1 WO2020183046 A1 WO 2020183046A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- latch
- strike
- doors
- spring
- box
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B57/00—Locks in which a pivoted latch is used also as locking means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
- E05B15/02—Striking-plates; Keepers; Bolt staples; Escutcheons
- E05B15/0205—Striking-plates, keepers, staples
- E05B15/022—Striking-plates, keepers, staples movable, resilient or yieldable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
- E05B63/14—Arrangement of several locks or locks with several bolts, e.g. arranged one behind the other
- E05B63/143—Arrangement of several locks, e.g. in parallel or series, on one or more wings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
- E05B63/24—Arrangements in which the fastening members which engage one another are mounted respectively on the wing and the frame and are both movable, e.g. for release by moving either of them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C3/00—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively
- E05C3/12—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action
- E05C3/16—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch
- E05C3/22—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch the bolt being spring controlled
- E05C3/30—Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively with latching action with operating handle or equivalent member moving otherwise than rigidly with the latch the bolt being spring controlled in the form of a hook
Definitions
- the present invention provides an automatic closing and opening device for doors. More in particular, the present invention discloses a more secure closing device that allows the automatic closing of the door, without the need to pass the key, significantly reducing the force necessary to exert on the door so that the automatic closing is executed, thus maximizing safety and reliability. Additionally, the device can be opened by key or by remote electromagnet excitation.
- Some automatic door closing devices which do not have the need to pass the key to execute the closing, are known in the state of the art.
- the devices known to the applicant are based on taking advantage of the movement of a handle when closing the door and using said movement to force springs so that when the door is closed, said springs release the bolts that are inserted into a strike. or closing plate and thus immobilizes the door.
- This has the drawback that the latch needs to make more effort to retract and requires a greater effort to close the door, which is why a greater blow of the door against the frame is necessary when closing.
- An example of this system is that disclosed by the European patent application EP0280845 A2 "Lock with rocker clutch with elastic accumulation".
- the present invention aims to solve some of the problems mentioned in the state of the art.
- the present invention discloses a high-security anti-theft closing and opening device for a door, which executes the closing automatically, without the need to pass a key, exerting minimal effort on the door without the need for large knocks or knocks. stresses on the door frame when closing, thus maximizing safety and reliability.
- the present invention discloses an automatic opening and closing device for doors, comprising a strike and at least one lock, where the strike comprises a closure plate connected to the frame of a door, and the lock understands:
- an anchoring piece fixed to the box rotatably with respect to an anchoring axis comprising a housing, an elongated pivot portion, and a guide located in the portion distal to the anchoring axis, said guide presenting a stop
- a latch connected to the box in a rotatable manner with respect to a latch axis, comprising a portion projecting to the box and a portion housed in the box, where the portion housed is housed in the housing of the handle that serves as a support point of said latch, and the protruding portion interacts with the strike to open or close the door,
- an anchor spring fixed to the box and attached to the anchor piece to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the anchor piece when it is pushed by the cam
- a latch spring that exerts a restoring force that opposes the latch turning when it is pushed by the cam
- stem comprising a head projecting to the box, a base adjacent to the head, said base comprises a spring and is fixed to the box, the stem also comprises a cover attached to said stem, where the cover is in direct contact with the stop of the anchoring piece, where the head with the cover has freedom of longitudinal movement with respect to the base fixed to the box and the contact with the stop and the cover resist the restoring force of the anchor spring.
- the stem When the door opens, the stem is pushed outwards by the spring and as a consequence, the cover, which is integral with the stem, moves pushing the anchor piece outwards, thus releasing the anchoring piece from the latch, in such a way that it is configured to allow said latch to rise when it comes into contact with the striker again when the door closes.
- the latch will have the force of the latch spring and again the anchoring of the anchoring piece, so it will have two alternative security pieces opposing the opening turn of the latch, so if If one of the springs breaks, the automatic closing device will continue to close with an important anti-theft security
- an actuating element will be necessary that pushes the pivot of the anchoring piece and subsequently pushes the end of the latch inside the box, consequently releasing the latch from the support that represents the housing in the anchoring piece, to later provide a torque to overcome the force exerted by the latch spring.
- At least one unlocking cam connected to the box rotatably with respect to an axis, and destined to rotate by means of an actuating element to push the pivot of the anchor piece and subsequently the latch, can be used. , opening the door.
- the unlocking cam may comprise a first cam portion intended to be actuated by an actuating element to make it rotate, a second cam portion having a first contact area to contact the pivot of the anchor piece and rotate the piece. anchoring, and a second contact area to contact the area housed in the latch and rotate the latch.
- It can also comprise at least one spring fixed to the box and joined to the unlocking cam to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the cam, and return it to an initial rest position.
- the box may comprise inside a cylinder body comprising a body and a socket rotatably housed inside the body and has a housing for inserting a key rotatably into the housing in a first opening rotation direction, said spindle comprising a cam cylinder that protrudes externally from the body, to rotate jointly with the joint when the key rotates inside the housing in a first direction of rotation of opening.
- Said cylinder cam would be the actuating element to rotate the unlocking cam by turning a mechanical key.
- the cylinder cam pushes the first portion of the unlocking cam, rotating the cam in the opposite direction until, first, push the contact area of the part of anchoring by making it pivot, moving the support point on the latch, releasing it and subsequently the rotation of the cam pushes the latch overcoming the restoring force of the latch spring and as a consequence it pivots in the first opening rotation direction, rising up to the stop defined by the geometry of the box, thus allowing the door to be opened. Subsequently, the cam spring exerts the restoring force on the cam, returning to an initial position at rest.
- the device can have an electronic actuating element.
- This can be an electromagnet or a coil as an actuating element of the unlocking cam, by means of a shaft driven by electrical excitation with a remote control.
- the thrust of the shaft will actuate the mechanism explained above by means of the mechanical key.
- the striker consists of a closure plate attached to the frame comprising a plurality of holes, an L-shaped stop configured to contact the sloping distal end of the latch, and a projecting flange.
- Said strike fixed to the frame can have an elongated longitudinal distance with respect to the frame with a plurality of holes intended to close a door with a plurality of latches from multiple locks arranged vertically.
- the strike may be of the hinge type, with a U-shape, more specifically, the strike may further comprise:
- a contact plate intended to come into contact with the door comprising two fins that extend in a transverse direction to the contact plate defining a rear fin and a front fin.
- a rod connecting the contact plate with the closing plate and fixed to the frame, configured to allow a relative hinge-type movement of the contact plate with the closing plate fixed to the frame.
- a striker spring Introduced in the rod and configured to exert a joining force between the contact plate and the closing plate, said spring allows a separation between the plates of approximately 5-30 °, and the joining force of the spring
- the striker plate is intended to keep the contact plate retracted against the closure plate attached to the frame. Preferably said separation is 20 °.
- the strike spring keeps the closing plate and the contact plate attached to each other to allow the latch to enter an opening in the plate when the door is closed. contact by raising the handle.
- the contact plate moves the head of the lock and said head moves inside, triggering the closing of the lock explained above until the latch spring turns the latch towards a Lower position closing the lock and consequently the door. attached to the contact plate.
- the distal section of the L-shaped latch fixes the contact plate in the closed position, overcoming the force of the strike spring, and the two wings are projected on the inside and outside of the door. door, allowing greater security against possible theft, making access to the interior difficult to force the latch.
- the striker comprises a striker stop connected to the lock plate in a rotatable manner and located between the contact plate and the lock plate, specifically above the latch when the lock is closed with the latch turned in a lower position.
- the contact plate may have a stop opening, shaped by the transverse geometry of the stop and said opening located in a position higher than the strike stop.
- the latch pushes the strike stop, said stop when rotating the contact plate enters through the stop opening, allowing free movement of the contact plate and therefore the spring.
- the striker exerts the unopposed bonding force of the locking stop and the distal L-section of the latch.
- said closing stop provides additional security, since if the handle is forced or even cut with a saw, the stop will keep the strike in the closed position, consequently, blocking a possible forced opening, since it prevents the union of the closing plate with the contact plate.
- the hinge-type strike may also have a displaced stop (42) with a spring and said stop attached to a plate.
- the displaced stop can be moved longitudinally on a cylinder located on the closing plate fixed to the frame so that if it is inserted towards the inside of the hinge-type strike it is located just above the strike stop. So that the displaced stop is rotated and the protruding end of the plate is anchored on the displaced stop of the strike, preventing it from moving back due to the force of the spring. Note that being in this position prevents the door from being opened from the outside even with the key, since by preventing the lifting of the strike stop it also prevents the lifting of the latch and the door cannot be opened, neither from the outside nor from inside, even if the key is used. If the stop is turned until the plate is released from the strike stop, the movable stop is moved by the spring force to a position in which the strike stop is free and therefore the door can be opened both from the outside and from the inside.
- the closing plate fixed to the frame can have an elongated longitudinal distance with respect to the frame with a plurality of holes intended to close a door with a plurality of latches from multiple locks arranged vertically.
- each unlocking cam can have a rigidly coupled gear that rotates integral with said unlocking cam, moving a transmission during the turning of the key or that of the electromagnet for closing, communicating the same movement to a plurality of lock boxes. lock arranged vertically, by means of movement strips.
- the multipoint lock can have a different configuration in relation to the unlocking stem, which, while being similar and performing the same function explained above, in this case the stem spring is inside said stem and pushes the stem both towards the outside of the lock as a locking piece of an inward gear rack.
- Said rack transmission meshes with a gear arranged on the same unlocking camshaft and transmits the movement to the different locks placed.
- This rack transmission has a slotted area where a protruding area of the transmission locking piece is inserted when the door is closed due to the fact that this locking piece is pushed by the stem spring to the inside said slot, preventing the movement of the transmission with a rack and therefore the forcing of the lock if some of the transmission elements between the different locks were to be activated.
- the device can have an electronic actuating element.
- These can be two electromagnets or coils as actuating element of the unclamping cam and the locking piece by means of a shaft driven by electrical excitation with a remote control.
- the thrust of the electromagnet shaft will first act by unlocking the rack transmission and then the electromagnet for moving the unlocking cams will actuate the mechanism explained above by means of the mechanical key.
- Figure 1. Shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a first embodiment for the automatic closing of the door.
- Figure 2. Shows a front view of the closing plate in the opening process according to the previous embodiment.
- Figure 3. Shows a perspective view of the strike that comprises a closing plate fixed to the frame according to the previous embodiment.
- Figure 4- Shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a second one where an electronic actuating element composed of an electromagnet and an actuator shaft electronically excited by said electromagnet is clearly shown.
- Figure 5. Shows a rear perspective view of a third embodiment of a U-shaped strike with a hinge-type movement.
- Figure 6. Shows a front perspective view of the embodiment of the previous figure of a U-shaped strike with a hinge-type movement.
- Figure 7. Shows a front view of the inside of the lock box according to the previous embodiment where the gear is clearly shown, the transmission of vertical movement for the simultaneous opening of the locks.
- Figure 8.- Shows a front view of the strike according to a fourth embodiment, the device with simultaneous or multipoint opening of multiple locks arranged vertically that can be combined with any of the above.
- Figure 9. Shows a front view of a fifth embodiment of a simultaneous or multipoint opening embodiment where the locking piece and an additional electronic actuating element to unlock the transmission can be clearly seen.
- Figure 10. Shows a front view of a sixth embodiment of the interior of the lock box that has a longer anchor and a hole where the transmission shaft enters.
- Figure 11.- Shows a front view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the bolt stopper is rotated supported on the rotating bolt.
- Figure 12 Shows a perspective view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the twistlock, the bolt stopper and the unlocking cam are shown.
- Figure 13 Shows a perspective view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the latch latch and the window through which the rotating bolt enters.
- Figure 14.- Shows a side perspective view of the seventh embodiment with the U-shaped striker.
- Figure 1 shows a front view of the inside of a box (1) of the lock (1a) in a first embodiment of the device for the automatic closing of the door, where the interior of the box (1) of a lock can be clearly seen (1a) when in the closed state, said box (1) comprises a cylinder (2) with a cam (30) intended as an actuating element for the opening mechanism, by turning a mechanical key.
- said box comprises an anchoring piece (11) fixed to the box (1) rotatably with respect to an anchoring axis (5) comprising a housing (18), an elongated pivot portion (20), and a guide (21 ) located in the distal portion with respect to the anchoring axis (5), said guide (21) presenting a stop (19).
- the box (1) also contains a latch (7) connected to the box (1) in a rotatable manner with respect to a latch axis (4), comprising a projecting portion
- the protruding portion (71) presents in a distal section a projection (73) transverse and inclined with respect to the box (1) -
- the box (1) further comprises a disengagement cam (10) connected to the box (1) in a rotary manner with respect to an axis (9) destined to rotate by actuation of the cam (30) by the rotation of a mechanical key, said cam comprises a first cam portion (100) intended to be actuated by the key to make it turn, a second cam portion (101) presenting a first contact area (102) to contact the pivot (20 ) of the anchor piece and rotate the anchor piece (11), and a second contact area (103) to contact the area housed in the latch (72) and rotate the latch (7).
- Figure 1 also shows a spring (17) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the anchor piece (11) to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the anchor piece (11) when it is pushed by the cam (10), and a spring (8) that exerts a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the latch when it is pushed by the cam (10), and a spring (16) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the release cam (10) to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the release cam (10).
- the cam spring (16) exerts the restoring force on the unlocking cam (10), returning to an initial position at rest, whereby the anchoring piece (11) returns to its initial vertical position.
- FIG 3 shows a view of the strike (2a) of the previous embodiment, where a closure plate (20) is shown intended to be fixed to the door frame, said closure plate (20) comprises a plurality of holes (25), an L-shaped stop (26) configured to contact the sloped distal end of the latch (73), and a projecting flange (27).
- figure 1 shows a stem (22) comprising a head (13) projecting to the box (1), a base (12) adjacent to the head (13), said base (12) comprises a spring (15) and is fixed to the box (1), the stem (22) also comprises a cover (14), where the cover (14) is in direct contact with the stop (19) of the unlocking piece (11), when the lock (1a) is closed or open but not when it is in the opening process, so that said contact of the stop (19) and the cover (14) resist the restoring force of the spring (17) keeping the anchor piece (11) at rest and vertical.
- the head (13) comes out of the lock and therefore releases the latch (7) from the anchor piece (11) by means of the force exerted on the area (19) by the cover ( 14), allowing said latch to rise.
- the stop (26) of the closing plate (20) comes into contact with the inclined face of the latch (7) forcing it to rise.
- the head (13) and the cover (14) have freedom of longitudinal movement with respect to the base (12) fixed to the box (1), therefore, the head (13) then comes into contact with the projecting flange (27) of the closing plate (20) attached to the door frame and as a consequence it moves into the box (1) pushing the spring (15) which in turn pushes the cover (14), releasing the piece anchor (11) of the stop (14), and as a consequence allowing the spring (17) to exert the restoring force on the anchor piece (11), moving the support point of the latch (7) on the anchor (11), finally allowing the spring (8) to exert the restoring force and turn the latch, closing the door.
- the lock (1a) has two independent security systems, on the one hand, the latch spring (8) and, as an auxiliary system, the housing (18) of the anchoring piece (11) in a vertical position acting as a point of support and preventing a forced opening of the latch (7).
- Figure 4 shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a second embodiment where the lock further comprises an electronic actuator element composed of an electromagnet and an actuator shaft electronically excited by said electromagnet.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the device, which comprises the lock described above and comprises an alternative U-type strike with a hinge-type movement.
- the third embodiment shown by figure 5 comprises a strike (2b) comprising a contact plate (31) intended to come into contact with the door and where said contact plate (31) It comprises two fins (32,33) that extend in a direction transverse to the contact plate defining a rear fin (33) and a front fin (32).
- Said contact plate also has a slot (43) intended to allow the head (13) of the stem (22) of the lock to penetrate.
- Figure 6 shows a rod (34) joining the contact plate (31) with the closure plate (35) configured to allow a relative hinge-type movement of the contact plate (31) with the closure plate (35 ) attached to the frame.
- the striker (2b) further comprises a striker spring (36) inserted into the rod (34) and configured to exert a joining force between the contact plate (31) and the closing plate (35), said spring (36) allows a separation between the plates (35,31) of substantially 20 ° and the binding force of the strike spring is designed to keep said plates together by means of a restoring force exerted by said spring (36).
- the strike spring (36) keeps the closing plate (35) and the contact plate (31) joined together, to allow that, when the door is closed, the The latch (71) can enter an opening (37) that the contact plate (31) presents by raising the latch (71) by means of the inclination that it presents in its distal portion (73).
- the contact plate moves the head of the lock and said head (13) moves inside, triggering the closing of the lock explained above until the restoring force of the spring (8) of the latch turns the latch (71) towards a lower position closing the lock.
- the distal section of the latch (73) that has an L shape fixes the contact plate (31) in the closed position, overcoming the force of the strike spring (36), and the two wings (32 , 33) are projected by the inside and outside the door respectively, allowing greater security against possible theft, making it difficult to access the interior to force the latch.
- the aforementioned opening is activated, the latch (7) rises and the L-shaped distal section (73) of the latch stops holding the contact plate (31), allowing the door to open.
- FIG. 6 shows a side view of the described embodiment, where it is shown that the strike (1b) comprises a strike stop (38) connected to the closure plate (35) in a rotatable manner and located between the contact plate ( 31) and the closing plate (35), specifically above the latch (71) when the lock is closed with the latch (71) turned in a lower position.
- the strike (1b) comprises a strike stop (38) connected to the closure plate (35) in a rotatable manner and located between the contact plate ( 31) and the closing plate (35), specifically above the latch (71) when the lock is closed with the latch (71) turned in a lower position.
- Figure 6 also shows that the contact plate (31) has a stop opening (37), which defines the transverse geometry of the stop (38) and said opening (37) located in a position higher than the strike stop (38) .
- the strike further comprises a movable stop (42) with a spring (41) and said stop (42) attached to a plate (40).
- the movable stop (42) intended to move longitudinally on a cylinder located on the closing plate fixed to the frame so that if it is inserted towards the inside of the hinge-type strike, it is located just above the strike stop (38). So that the movable stop (42) is rotated and the protruding end of the plate (40) is anchored on the movable stop (42) of the strike, preventing it from moving back due to the force of the spring (41).
- Figure 7 and Figure 8 show a fourth embodiment of the device that allows all the locks to be simultaneously closed by a linked or "multipoint" mechanism.
- Said embodiment presents a second rear unlocking cam that has a coupled gear (201), which rotates in solidarity with said second unlocking cam, moving a transmission (200) during the turning of the key or the electromagnet for closing and communicating the same movement to a plurality of vertically arranged lock boxes, by transmission (200).
- Figure 9 shows a fifth embodiment, more specifically of the "multipoint" type, which comprises a different configuration in relation to the unlocking rod (22), which, while still similar and performing the same function explained above, in this case the spring (207 ) is on the inside of the stem and pushes both the stem out of the lock and a locking piece (202) inward.
- the rack transmission (200) meshes with a gear (201) arranged on the same axis of the unlocking cams and transmits the movement to different locks arranged vertically.
- This multipoint embodiment with a rack transmission, has a slotted area (206) where a projecting area of the transmission locking piece (202) is inserted when the door is closed due to the fact that this locking piece (202) is pushed by the spring (207) into said slot (206) preventing the movement of the transmission with rack (200) and therefore the forcing of the lock if some of the transmission elements between the different locks.
- the cylinder spindle (3) is turned by means of the key.
- the cylinder (3) comprises a cam (203), which rotates integrally, said cam (203) with the rotation of the cylinder (3) displaces the locking piece (202), taking it out of the slot (206) and allowing, as the rotation continues, that when the cam (203) contacts the unlocking cams, the opening of the lock is performed as described above, since the transmission with rack has been unlocked.
- the device further comprises two electromagnets (204 and 205) as actuating element of the unlocking cam and of the locking piece (202) by means of a shaft operated by electrical excitation with a remote control.
- the thrust of the electromagnet shaft (205) will act first, unlocking the rack transmission and then the electromagnet for the movement of the unlocking cams (204) will actuate the mechanism previously described by means of the mechanical key.
- Figure 10 and 11 show a sixth embodiment of the device in which the anchor (11) is modified by being longer and adding a hole where the transmission shaft (305) enters.
- a rotary bolt (300) is added that has a stop zone (300a), where the rotary bolt stop (301) is supported, which rotates on the anchor shaft (5) and has a push zone (301a) adapted to be pushed by the flange (104) of the unlocking cam (10).
- the transmission bolt (302) which is rotatably attached to the twistlock (300) by the second transmission shaft (303). Note that the spring (16) that in the previous embodiments prevented the anti-clockwise rotation of the unlocking cam (10), in this embodiment it helps.
- Figure 13 shows that the locking latch (320) has been added to the closing plate (20) and a window (321) has been created through which the rotating bolt (300) enters.
- the latch (7) comes into contact with the L-shaped stop (26).
- the latch rises and continues to turn the door.
- the stem (13) comes into contact with the protruding flange (27), beginning to enter the box (1), in doing so the anchor should move back to become vertical, but in this embodiment the spring (16) maintains the cam of unlocking (10) resting on the latch (7), so the anchorage (11) cannot rotate and thus the twistlock is kept retracted until the latch (7) can lower.
- the door continues to rotate and the latch (7) collides with the strike latch (320) lifting it.
- the latch (7) rotates to its lowest position, forced by the latch spring (8) and as it does so, the strike latch (320) also rotates until it rests on the latch (7), This latch also blocks the lock (1a).
- the latch (7) turns to its lowest position, doing so forces the unlocking cam (10) to turn clockwise and when doing so forces the twistlock (300) to turn. by the union with the anchor shaft (11) of the bolt transmission (302), so that when the latch (7) has rotated to its lowest position the rotating bolt enters the window of the closing plate (20) and it is positioned just above the strike latch (320).
- the rotating bolt (300) has been placed just above the strike latch (320), preventing the two latches from lifting.
- the rotary bolt stopper is pulled by the spring (306), rotating it until it is positioned on the stop zone (300a). In this position, it blocks the rotation of the rotary bolt (300), preventing it from moving if force is attempted.
- FIG 14 a seventh embodiment is shown, in which the previous lock (1) is combined with the U-shaped strike.
- the door begins to rotate, the lock also being in the open position, with the head (13) outside the box (1) and the anchor (13) in the rotated position with the rotating bolt (300) inside the the box (1).
- the stem (13) comes into contact with the contact plate (31), beginning to enter the box (1), in doing so, the anchor should move back to become vertical, but in this embodiment the spring (16) maintains the cam unlocking (10) resting on the latch (7), so the anchorage (11) cannot rotate and thus the twistlock is kept retracted until the latch (7) can lower. A little before the door reaches the end of its travel the latch (7) can be lowered as it remains behind the contact plate. At this time it goes down and allows the stop (38) to go down as well.
- the stop (38) being in its low position, prevents the contact plate from moving backwards since it collides with the latch stop (38) in the final area of the window (390).
- the movable stop (42) 180 degrees, we make the plate (40) position just above the stop (38), preventing the door from opening from the outside and inside, neither with the key, nor from the inside with the handle, as it does not allow the latches to rise, thus blocking the entire lock. This is important so that if a person who is inside does not want to allow entry to anyone, by turning the movable stop, no one has access from the outside.
- the lug (104) of the unlocking cam (10) pushes the twistlock stop (301) in the stop push zone (301a) raising the twistlock stop (301).
- Keep turning the key and the area (101) of the unlocking cam (10) pushes the anchor (11) by turning it, which makes the twistlock (300) begin to enter the box (1).
- the twistlock is completely inside the case (1).
- the cam continues to rotate and finally pushes with the zone (103) the latch (7) lifting it. In doing so, it raises the stop (38) of the strike.
- the strike spring (36) pushes the contact plate helping it to rotate. With a gentle push, the rotation of the contact plate (31) ends and the door is open.
- the stop (38) that has a flange that is the one that acts as a stop against the contact plate (31) at the moment in which both plates have approached, said flange rests on the lower part of the window (39). In this position, the head (13) has emerged, which by means of the spring (15) and the cover (14) push the anchoring cam (11) and keep it while the door is open in the position of figure 11.
- the rotating bolt (300) blocks both the stop (38) and the latch (7) and its forcing is very difficult since it requires bending the front flange (33) to gain access and also the stop (38) is behind the contact plate (31), so that its forcing is not easy.
- the opening is carried out without great efforts on the key, since all the parts that intervene are rotatable with respect to an axis, so their movements do not require efforts.
- the spring of the twistlock stopper (306) is very weak, it should only force the twistlock stopper (301) to rotate until it rests against the bolt stopper area (300a) of the twistlock (300). It would really go down by gravity, but we must ensure its rotation with a small spring. The same happens with the spring (16) of the unlocking cam
- the efforts of the key in the turn are staggered, first the anchor spring (17) is forced, which does not need a great effort to move the rotating stop (300) and the anchor (11), and when the turn has finished from the anchor (11) the latch (7) begins to rise, which does require a somewhat stronger spring, but at that moment the unlocking cam (10) supports most of the force of the anchor spring (17). Therefore, the effort to be made on the key is little more than that required to raise the latch (7). This is one of the great advantages over current locks, which in the case of being multipoint usually require 2 to 5 turns of the key to close the various locks on the door.
- the striker spring (36) when the door is closed acts as a damping of the blow and when the door is opened it facilitates the opening since it tends to bring the two strike plates closer together, facilitating the opening.
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic locking device for doors, which comprises a strike (2a, 2b) and at least one lock (1a), the strike comprising a lock plate (20, 35) joined to a door frame. The lock (1a) comprises a box (1) with an anchoring piece (11) attached to the box (1) rotatably with respect to an anchoring pin (5); a latch (7) connected to the box (1) rotatably with respect to a latch pin (4); a spring (8) that opposes the rotation of the latch; a spring (11) that opposes the rotation of the anchoring piece (5) and a rod (22) comprising a head (13) that protrudes with respect to the box (1); a spring (17); and a cover (14), wherein the cover (14) is in direct contact with a releasing piece (11), and wherein a stop (19) and the cover (14) resist the recovering force of the spring (17).
Description
DISPOSITIVO DE CIERRE AUTOMÁTICO Y DE APERTURA PARA PUERTAS AUTOMATIC CLOSING AND OPENING DEVICE FOR DOORS
D E S C R I P C I Ó N D E S C R I P T I O N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención da a conocer un dispositivo de cierre automático y de apertura para puertas. Más en particular, la presente invención da conocer un dispositivo de cierre de mayor seguridad que permite el cierre automático de la puerta, sin necesidad de pasar la llave, disminuyendo significativamente la fuerza necesaria a ejercer sobre la puerta para que se ejecute el cierre automático, maximizando así la seguridad y fiabilidad. Adicionalmente, el dispositivo puede abrirse mediante llave o mediante la excitación de un electroimán a distancia. The present invention provides an automatic closing and opening device for doors. More in particular, the present invention discloses a more secure closing device that allows the automatic closing of the door, without the need to pass the key, significantly reducing the force necessary to exert on the door so that the automatic closing is executed, thus maximizing safety and reliability. Additionally, the device can be opened by key or by remote electromagnet excitation.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Algunos dispositivos de cierre automático de puertas, que no presentan necesidad de pasar la llave para ejecutar el cierre, son conocidos en el estado de la técnica. Los dispositivos conocidos por el solicitante, se basan en aprovechar el desplazamiento de un picaporte al cerrar la puerta y utilizar dicho desplazamiento para forzar unos muelles de forma que al completar el cierre de la puerta dichos muelles hagan salir los cerrojos que se introducen en un cerradero o placa de cierre y así se inmoviliza la puerta. Esto tiene el inconveniente de que el picaporte necesita realizar más esfuerzo para retraerse y necesita un mayor esfuerzo de cierre de la puerta por lo que es necesario un mayor golpe de la puerta contra el marco al cerrar. Un ejemplo de este sistema, es el dado a conocer por la solicitud de patente Europea EP0280845 A2 “Cerradura con embrague basculante con acumulación elástica”. Some automatic door closing devices, which do not have the need to pass the key to execute the closing, are known in the state of the art. The devices known to the applicant are based on taking advantage of the movement of a handle when closing the door and using said movement to force springs so that when the door is closed, said springs release the bolts that are inserted into a strike. or closing plate and thus immobilizes the door. This has the drawback that the latch needs to make more effort to retract and requires a greater effort to close the door, which is why a greater blow of the door against the frame is necessary when closing. An example of this system is that disclosed by the European patent application EP0280845 A2 "Lock with rocker clutch with elastic accumulation".
Existen otras realizaciones que dan a conocer un cierre automático por medio de un gancho que gira y se introduce en el cerradero, y se pueden abrir por medios electromecánicos. Sin embargo, presentan grandes inconvenientes en su fabricación debido a su gran complejidad, ya que necesitan una gran variedad de componentes y piezas. Un ejemplo de estos sistemas de cierre automático es la solicitud de patente alemana DE 2014104139.
Otro tipo de dispositivos de cierre automático describen fijar la puerta desde el cerradero del marco, sin resolver la apertura desde la puerta sino desde el marco, por lo que no son válidas para puertas de entrada, sino para otras aplicaciones como sistemas antipánico. Este tipo de dispositivos antipánico es dado a conocer, por ejemplo, en las solicitudes de patente WO2017149544 o la patente británica GB1399058. There are other embodiments that provide an automatic closure by means of a hook that rotates and is inserted into the strike, and can be opened by electromechanical means. However, they have great drawbacks in their manufacture due to their great complexity, since they require a great variety of components and parts. An example of these automatic closing systems is German patent application DE 2014104139. Another type of automatic closing devices describes fixing the door from the frame strike, without resolving the opening from the door but from the frame, so they are not valid for entrance doors, but for other applications such as anti-panic systems. This type of anti-panic device is disclosed, for example, in patent applications WO2017149544 or British patent GB1399058.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención pretende solucionar alguno de los problemas mencionados en el estado de la técnica. The present invention aims to solve some of the problems mentioned in the state of the art.
Mas concretamente, la presente invención da a conocer un dispositivo de cierre y apertura, de alta seguridad antirrobo para una puerta, que ejecute el cierre automáticamente, sin necesidad de pasar una llave, ejerciendo el mínimo esfuerzo sobre la puerta sin necesidad de grandes golpes o esfuerzos sobre el marco de la puerta al cerrar, maximizando así la seguridad y la fiabilidad. More specifically, the present invention discloses a high-security anti-theft closing and opening device for a door, which executes the closing automatically, without the need to pass a key, exerting minimal effort on the door without the need for large knocks or knocks. stresses on the door frame when closing, thus maximizing safety and reliability.
Más en particular, la presente invención da a conocer un dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, que comprende un cerradero y al menos una cerradura, donde el cerradero comprende una placa de cierre unida con el marco de una puerta, y la cerradura comprende: More in particular, the present invention discloses an automatic opening and closing device for doors, comprising a strike and at least one lock, where the strike comprises a closure plate connected to the frame of a door, and the lock understands:
- una caja, - a box,
- una pieza de anclaje fijada a la caja giratoriamente respecto de un eje de anclaje que comprende un alojamiento, una porción pivote alargado, y una guía localizada en la porción distal al eje de anclaje, dicha guía presentando un tope, - an anchoring piece fixed to the box rotatably with respect to an anchoring axis comprising a housing, an elongated pivot portion, and a guide located in the portion distal to the anchoring axis, said guide presenting a stop,
- un picaporte conectado a la caja de manera giratoria respecto de un eje de picaporte, que comprende una porción sobresaliente a la caja y una porción alojada en la caja, donde la porción alojada se aloja en el alojamiento del picaporte que sirve como punto de apoyo de dicho picaporte, y la porción sobresaliente interactúa con el cerradero para abrir o cerrar la puerta, - a latch connected to the box in a rotatable manner with respect to a latch axis, comprising a portion projecting to the box and a portion housed in the box, where the portion housed is housed in the housing of the handle that serves as a support point of said latch, and the protruding portion interacts with the strike to open or close the door,
- un resorte de anclaje fijado a la caja y unido a la pieza de anclaje para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la pieza de anclaje cuando es empujada por la leva,
- un resorte de picaporte que ejerce una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro del picaporte cuando es empujado por la leva, - an anchor spring fixed to the box and attached to the anchor piece to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the anchor piece when it is pushed by the cam, - a latch spring that exerts a restoring force that opposes the latch turning when it is pushed by the cam,
- un vástago que comprende un cabezal sobresaliente a la caja, una base adyacente al cabezal, dicha base comprende un resorte y está fijada a la caja, el vástago comprende, además, una tapa unida a dicho vástago, donde la tapa está en contacto directo con el tope de la pieza de anclaje, donde el cabezal con la tapa tiene libertad de movimiento longitudinal con respecto a la base fijada a la caja y el contacto con el tope y la tapa resisten la fuerza recuperadora del resorte de anclaje. - a stem comprising a head projecting to the box, a base adjacent to the head, said base comprises a spring and is fixed to the box, the stem also comprises a cover attached to said stem, where the cover is in direct contact with the stop of the anchoring piece, where the head with the cover has freedom of longitudinal movement with respect to the base fixed to the box and the contact with the stop and the cover resist the restoring force of the anchor spring.
Cuando la puerta se abre el vástago al salir del cerradero es empujado por el muelle hacia el exterior y como consecuencia, la tapa que es solidaria al vástago, se mueve empujando la pieza de anclaje hacia el exterior, liberando así, la pieza de anclaje del picaporte, de manera que está configurado para permitir a dicho picaporte elevarse cuando vuelva a contactar con el cerradero en el momento que se produzca el cierre de la puerta. When the door opens, the stem is pushed outwards by the spring and as a consequence, the cover, which is integral with the stem, moves pushing the anchor piece outwards, thus releasing the anchoring piece from the latch, in such a way that it is configured to allow said latch to rise when it comes into contact with the striker again when the door closes.
Cuando se realiza el cierre de la puerta, el cabezal entra en contacto con la placa de cierre unida al marco de la puerta y como consecuencia se desplaza al interior de la caja empujando el resorte, dicho resorte empuja la tapa, liberando por medio de la tapa la pieza de anclaje del tope, permitiendo al resorte ejercer la fuerza recuperadora sobre la pieza de anclaje, desplazando el punto de apoyo del de la pieza de anclaje sobre el picaporte, permitiendo finalmente al resorte ejercer la fuerza recuperadora y girar el picaporte cerrando la puerta. When the door is closed, the head comes into contact with the closing plate attached to the door frame and as a consequence moves inside the box pushing the spring, said spring pushes the lid, releasing by means of the covers the anchor part of the stop, allowing the spring to exert the restoring force on the anchor piece, moving the support point of the anchor piece on the latch, finally allowing the spring to exert the restoring force and turn the latch closing the door.
Nótese que vencer la presión del muelle de la pieza de anclaje no requiere grandes esfuerzos sino el simple contacto del cabezal del vástago con el marco de la puerta empezará un mecanismo sencillo donde se libera la presión del muelle de la pieza de anclaje y en consecuencia se ejerce la presión del muelle del picaporte para ejecutar el cierre de la puerta, sin grandes esfuerzos, ni golpes sobre el marco, por medio de una gran sencillez de funcionamiento y montaje. Note that overcoming the spring pressure of the anchor piece does not require great efforts, but the simple contact of the stem head with the door frame will start a simple mechanism where the pressure of the anchor piece spring is released and consequently the it exerts the pressure of the latch spring to close the door, without great efforts or blows on the frame, by means of great ease of operation and assembly.
Asimismo, destacar que una vez cerrada, el picaporte tendrá el esfuerzo del muelle del picaporte y de nuevo el anclaje de la pieza de anclaje, por lo que tendrá dos piezas de seguridad alternativas oponiéndose al giro de apertura del picaporte, por lo que si
rompiera alguno de los resortes seguiría el dispositivo de cierre automático cerrado con una importante seguridad antirrobo Likewise, it should be noted that once closed, the latch will have the force of the latch spring and again the anchoring of the anchoring piece, so it will have two alternative security pieces opposing the opening turn of the latch, so if If one of the springs breaks, the automatic closing device will continue to close with an important anti-theft security
Preferentemente, para ejecutar la apertura de la puerta será necesario un elemento actuador que empuje el pivote de la pieza de anclaje y posteriormente empuje el extremo del picaporte en el interior de la caja, como consecuencia liberando el picaporte del apoyo que representa el alojamiento en la pieza de anclaje, para posteriormente aportarle un par que venza la fuerza ejercida por el muelle de picaporte. Preferably, in order to open the door, an actuating element will be necessary that pushes the pivot of the anchoring piece and subsequently pushes the end of the latch inside the box, consequently releasing the latch from the support that represents the housing in the anchoring piece, to later provide a torque to overcome the force exerted by the latch spring.
Más preferentemente, para ejecutar la apertura se puede utilizar, al menos una leva de desanclaje conectada a la caja de manera giratoria respecto de un eje, y destinada a girar mediante un elemento actuador para empujar el pivote de la pieza de anclaje y posteriormente el picaporte, abriendo la puerta. More preferably, to execute the opening, at least one unlocking cam connected to the box rotatably with respect to an axis, and destined to rotate by means of an actuating element to push the pivot of the anchor piece and subsequently the latch, can be used. , opening the door.
La leva de desanclaje puede comprender una primera porción de leva destinada a ser accionada por un elemento actuador para hacerla girar, una segunda porción de leva que presenta una primera zona de contacto para contactar con el pivote de la pieza de anclaje y hacer girar la pieza de anclaje, y una segunda zona de contacto para contactar con la zona alojada del picaporte y hacer girar el picaporte. The unlocking cam may comprise a first cam portion intended to be actuated by an actuating element to make it rotate, a second cam portion having a first contact area to contact the pivot of the anchor piece and rotate the piece. anchoring, and a second contact area to contact the area housed in the latch and rotate the latch.
Puede comprender también, al menos un resorte fijado a la caja y unido a la leva de desanclaje para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la leva, y devolverlo a una posición inicial de reposo. It can also comprise at least one spring fixed to the box and joined to the unlocking cam to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the cam, and return it to an initial rest position.
Nótese que cuando el picaporte ha bajado hasta su posición de cierre el resorte de la leva de desanclaje tiran de esta haciéndola girar a su posición inicial o“vertical", anclando la cerradura e impidiendo la apertura del picaporte. Note that when the latch has lowered to its closed position the spring of the unlocking cam pulls it, making it rotate to its initial or "vertical" position, anchoring the lock and preventing the latch from opening.
Preferentemente la caja puede comprender en su interior un cuerpo bombín que comprende un cuerpo y un canuto alojado giratoriamente dentro del cuerpo y presenta un alojamiento para introducir una llave giratoriamente dentro del alojamiento en un primer sentido de giro de apertura, comprendiendo dicho canuto de una leva de bombín que sobresale exteriormente del cuerpo, para girar solidariamente con el canuto cuando la llave gira dentro del alojamiento en un primer sentido de giro de
apertura. Dicha leva del bombín sería el elemento actuador para hacer girar la leva de desanclaje mediante el giro de una llave mecánica. Preferably the box may comprise inside a cylinder body comprising a body and a socket rotatably housed inside the body and has a housing for inserting a key rotatably into the housing in a first opening rotation direction, said spindle comprising a cam cylinder that protrudes externally from the body, to rotate jointly with the joint when the key rotates inside the housing in a first direction of rotation of opening. Said cylinder cam would be the actuating element to rotate the unlocking cam by turning a mechanical key.
Nótese que al accionar la apertura de la puerta haciendo girar la llave en el primer sentido de giro, la leva bombín empuja la primera porción de la leva de desanclaje haciendo girar la leva en sentido inverso hasta, primero empujar la zona de contacto de la pieza de anclaje haciéndola pivotar desplazando el punto de apoyo sobre el picaporte, liberándolo y posteriormente el giro de la leva empuja el picaporte venciendo la fuerza recuperadora del resorte de picaporte y como consecuencia pivota en el primer sentido de giro de apertura elevándose hasta el tope definido por la geometría de la caja, permitiendo como consecuencia la apertura de la puerta. Posteriormente el resorte de leva ejerce la fuerza recuperadora sobre la leva, volviendo a una posición inicial en reposo. Note that when activating the door opening by turning the key in the first direction of rotation, the cylinder cam pushes the first portion of the unlocking cam, rotating the cam in the opposite direction until, first, push the contact area of the part of anchoring by making it pivot, moving the support point on the latch, releasing it and subsequently the rotation of the cam pushes the latch overcoming the restoring force of the latch spring and as a consequence it pivots in the first opening rotation direction, rising up to the stop defined by the geometry of the box, thus allowing the door to be opened. Subsequently, the cam spring exerts the restoring force on the cam, returning to an initial position at rest.
Más preferentemente, y de manera combinable con la apertura mecánica con el bombín, el dispositivo puede disponer de un elemento actuador electrónico. Este puede ser un electroimán o una bobina como elemento actuador de la leva de desanclaje, mediante un eje accionado por excitación eléctrica con un mando a distancia. En este caso, el empuje del eje accionará el mecanismo explicado anteriormente mediante la llave mecánica. More preferably, and in a combinable way with the mechanical opening with the cylinder, the device can have an electronic actuating element. This can be an electromagnet or a coil as an actuating element of the unlocking cam, by means of a shaft driven by electrical excitation with a remote control. In this case, the thrust of the shaft will actuate the mechanism explained above by means of the mechanical key.
Preferentemente, el cerradero consiste en una placa de cierre fijada al marco que comprende una pluralidad de agujeros, un tope en forma de L configurado para contactar con el extremo distal inclinado del picaporte, y una pestaña saliente. Preferably, the striker consists of a closure plate attached to the frame comprising a plurality of holes, an L-shaped stop configured to contact the sloping distal end of the latch, and a projecting flange.
Dicho cerradero fijado al marco puede presentar una distancia longitudinal alargada con respecto al marco con una pluralidad de agujeros destinados a cerrar una puerta con una pluralidad de picaportes procedentes de múltiples cerraduras dispuestas verticalmente. Said strike fixed to the frame can have an elongated longitudinal distance with respect to the frame with a plurality of holes intended to close a door with a plurality of latches from multiple locks arranged vertically.
De manera alternativa el cerradero puede ser de tipo bisagra, con una forma de U, más concretamente, el cerradero puede comprender, además: Alternatively, the strike may be of the hinge type, with a U-shape, more specifically, the strike may further comprise:
- una placa de contacto destinada a entrar en contacto con la puerta comprendiendo dos aletas que se prolongan en dirección transversal a la placa de contacto definiendo una aleta posterior y una aleta frontal.
- una varilla que une la placa de contacto con la placa de cierre y fijada al marco, configurada para permitir un movimiento relativo de tipo bisagra de la placa de contacto con la placa de cierre fijada al marco. - a contact plate intended to come into contact with the door comprising two fins that extend in a transverse direction to the contact plate defining a rear fin and a front fin. - a rod connecting the contact plate with the closing plate and fixed to the frame, configured to allow a relative hinge-type movement of the contact plate with the closing plate fixed to the frame.
- un muelle de cerradero Introducido en la varilla y configurado para ejercer una fuerza de unión entre la placa de contacto y la placa de cierre, dicho muelle permite una separación entre las placas de aproximadamente 5-30°, y la fuerza de unión del muelle de cerradero está destinada a mantener la placa de contacto retraída contra la placa de cierre fijada al marco. Preferentemente dicha separación es de 20°. - a striker spring Introduced in the rod and configured to exert a joining force between the contact plate and the closing plate, said spring allows a separation between the plates of approximately 5-30 °, and the joining force of the spring The striker plate is intended to keep the contact plate retracted against the closure plate attached to the frame. Preferably said separation is 20 °.
De manera que, cuando la puerta está en una posición de apertura, el muelle de cerradero mantiene la placa de cierre y la placa de contacto unidas entre sí para permitir que, al cerrar la puerta, el picaporte pueda entrar en una abertura de la placa de contacto elevando el picaporte. Thus, when the door is in an open position, the strike spring keeps the closing plate and the contact plate attached to each other to allow the latch to enter an opening in the plate when the door is closed. contact by raising the handle.
Cuando la puerta continua el movimiento de cierre, entra en contacto con la aleta posterior de la puerta ejerciendo presión sobre la placa de contacto, y como consecuencia venciendo la fuerza del muelle de cerradero, forzando a la placa de contacto a desplazarse contra la superficie lateral o transversal de la puerta. When the door continues the closing movement, it comes into contact with the rear wing of the door, exerting pressure on the contact plate, and consequently overcoming the force of the striker spring, forcing the contact plate to move against the side surface. or transverse door.
Como consecuencia, la placa de contacto desplaza el cabezal de la cerradura y dicho cabezal se desplaza al interior desencadenando el cierre de la cerradura explicado anteriormente hasta que el resorte de picaporte, gira el picaporte hacia una posición Inferior cerrando la cerradura y como consecuencia la puerta fijada a la placa de contacto. As a consequence, the contact plate moves the head of the lock and said head moves inside, triggering the closing of the lock explained above until the latch spring turns the latch towards a Lower position closing the lock and consequently the door. attached to the contact plate.
Finalmente, cuando la puerta se cierra, la sección distal del picaporte que presenta forma de L fija la placa de contacto en posición de cierre venciendo la fuerza del muelle del cerradero, y las dos aletas se proyectan por el interior y por el exterior de la puerta, permitiendo una mayor seguridad contra posibles robos, dificultando el acceso al interior para forzar el picaporte. Finally, when the door is closed, the distal section of the L-shaped latch fixes the contact plate in the closed position, overcoming the force of the strike spring, and the two wings are projected on the inside and outside of the door. door, allowing greater security against possible theft, making access to the interior difficult to force the latch.
Cuando se ejecuta la apertura de la puerta por medios mecánicos o por electroimán, se activa la apertura mencionada anteriormente, el picaporte sube y la sección distal en L del picaporte deja de sujetar la placa de contacto, permitiendo la apertura de la puerta.
Nótese, que en consecuencia la fuerza de unión ejercida por el muelle de cerradero, favorecerá la apertura de la puerta ejerciendo una fuerza recuperadora que intenta unir la placa de contacto con la placa de cierre, como consecuencia facilitando una apertura cómoda de la puerta. When the door is opened by mechanical means or by electromagnet, the above-mentioned opening is activated, the latch rises and the distal L-section of the latch stops holding the contact plate, allowing the door to open. Note that consequently the joining force exerted by the strike spring will favor the opening of the door by exerting a restoring force that tries to join the contact plate with the closing plate, as a consequence facilitating a comfortable opening of the door.
Preferentemente, el cerradero comprende un tope de cerradero conectado a la placa de cierre de manera giratoria y localizado entre la placa de contacto y la placa de cierre, concretamente encima del picaporte cuando la cerradura se encuentra cerrada con el picaporte girado en una posición inferior. Preferably, the striker comprises a striker stop connected to the lock plate in a rotatable manner and located between the contact plate and the lock plate, specifically above the latch when the lock is closed with the latch turned in a lower position.
Adicionalmente, la placa de contacto puede presentar una abertura de tope, con la forma de la geometría transversal del tope y localizada dicha abertura en una posición superior al tope de cerradero. Additionally, the contact plate may have a stop opening, shaped by the transverse geometry of the stop and said opening located in a position higher than the strike stop.
En consecuencia, cuando se efectúa la apertura de la cerradura, el picaporte empuja el tope de cerradero, dicho tope al girar la placa de contacto entra por la abertura de tope, permitiendo el libre movimiento de la placa de contacto y por lo tanto el muelle de cerradero ejerce la fuerza de unión sin oposición del tope de cierre ni de la sección distal en L del picaporte. Consequently, when the lock is opened, the latch pushes the strike stop, said stop when rotating the contact plate enters through the stop opening, allowing free movement of the contact plate and therefore the spring. The striker exerts the unopposed bonding force of the locking stop and the distal L-section of the latch.
Nótese, que cuando la puerta se encuentra cerrada, dicho tope de cierre ejerce de seguridad adicional, puesto que, si se forzara o incluso si se cortara con una sierra el picaporte, el tope mantendrá el cerradero en posición de cierre, en consecuencia, bloqueando una posible apertura forzada, puesto que impide la unión de la placa de cierre con la placa de contacto. Note that when the door is closed, said closing stop provides additional security, since if the handle is forced or even cut with a saw, the stop will keep the strike in the closed position, consequently, blocking a possible forced opening, since it prevents the union of the closing plate with the contact plate.
El cerradero de tipo bisagra puede presentar, además, un tope desplazadle (42) con un muelle y unido dicho tope a una plaquita. El tope desplazadle puede moverse longitudinalmente sobre un cilindro situado en la placa de cierre fijada al marco de forma que si se introduce hacia el interior del cerradero de tipo bisagra queda situada justo encima del tope de cerradero. De manera que se gira el tope desplazadle y el extremo sobresaliente de la plaquita se ancla sobre el tope desplazadle de cerradero impidiendo retroceder por el esfuerzo del muelle.
Nótese que estando en esta posición impide la apertura de la puerta desde el exterior incluso con la llave, ya que al impedir la elevación del tope de cerradero impide también la elevación del picaporte y la puerta no se puede abrir, ni desde el exterior ni desde el interior, aunque se use la llave. Si se gira el tope hasta desenclavar la plaquita del tope de cerradero el tope desplazable es movido por el esfuerzo del muelle a una posición en la que el tope de cerradero queda libre y por lo tanto puede abrirse la puerta tanto desde el exterior como desde el interior. The hinge-type strike may also have a displaced stop (42) with a spring and said stop attached to a plate. The displaced stop can be moved longitudinally on a cylinder located on the closing plate fixed to the frame so that if it is inserted towards the inside of the hinge-type strike it is located just above the strike stop. So that the displaced stop is rotated and the protruding end of the plate is anchored on the displaced stop of the strike, preventing it from moving back due to the force of the spring. Note that being in this position prevents the door from being opened from the outside even with the key, since by preventing the lifting of the strike stop it also prevents the lifting of the latch and the door cannot be opened, neither from the outside nor from inside, even if the key is used. If the stop is turned until the plate is released from the strike stop, the movable stop is moved by the spring force to a position in which the strike stop is free and therefore the door can be opened both from the outside and from the inside.
Nótese que esta es una seguridad añadida para personas que quieran completa seguridad cuando están en el interior de la casa, ya que impide la entrada desde el exterior si no se desancla el cerradero. Note that this is an added security for people who want complete security when they are inside the house, since it prevents entry from the outside if the strike is not unbolted.
De manera combinable con cualquiera de las anteriores, la placa de cierre fijada al marco puede presentar una distancia longitudinal alargada con respecto al marco con una pluralidad de agujeros destinados a cerrar una puerta con una pluralidad de picaportes procedentes de múltiples cerraduras dispuestas verticalmente. In a combinable way with any of the above, the closing plate fixed to the frame can have an elongated longitudinal distance with respect to the frame with a plurality of holes intended to close a door with a plurality of latches from multiple locks arranged vertically.
El dispositivo puede cerrar simultáneamente todas las cerraduras por un mecanismo enlazado, o “multipunto”. De manera preferente cada leva de desanclaje puede disponer de un engranaje rígidamente acoplado, que gira solidario a dicha leva de desanclaje, moviendo una transmisión durante el giro de la llave o el del electroimán para el cierre comunicando el mismo movimiento a una pluralidad de cajas de cerradura dispuestas verticalmente, mediante unas regletas de movimiento. The device can simultaneously close all locks by a linked, or "multipoint" mechanism. Preferably, each unlocking cam can have a rigidly coupled gear that rotates integral with said unlocking cam, moving a transmission during the turning of the key or that of the electromagnet for closing, communicating the same movement to a plurality of lock boxes. lock arranged vertically, by means of movement strips.
Preferentemente, la cerradura multipunto puede disponer de una configuración distinta en relación al vástago de desanclaje, que aun siendo similar y realizando la misma función explicada anteriormente, en este caso el muelle del vástago está en el interior de dicho vástago y empuja tanto al vástago hacia el exterior de la cerradura como a una pieza de bloqueo de una transmisión con cremallera hacia el interior. Dicha transmisión con cremallera engrana con un engranaje dispuesto en el mismo eje de levas de desanclaje y transmite el movimiento a las diferentes cerraduras colocadas. Preferably, the multipoint lock can have a different configuration in relation to the unlocking stem, which, while being similar and performing the same function explained above, in this case the stem spring is inside said stem and pushes the stem both towards the outside of the lock as a locking piece of an inward gear rack. Said rack transmission meshes with a gear arranged on the same unlocking camshaft and transmits the movement to the different locks placed.
Esta transmisión con cremallera dispone de una zona ranurada donde se introduce una zona sobresaliente de la pieza de bloqueo de la transmisión cuando la puerta está cerrada debido a que esta pieza de bloqueo es empujada por el muelle de vástago al
interior de dicha ranura impidiendo el movimiento de la transmisión con cremallera y por tanto el forzado de la cerradura si de algún modo se consiguiese accionar alguno de los elementos de transmisión entre las diferentes cerraduras. This rack transmission has a slotted area where a protruding area of the transmission locking piece is inserted when the door is closed due to the fact that this locking piece is pushed by the stem spring to the inside said slot, preventing the movement of the transmission with a rack and therefore the forcing of the lock if some of the transmission elements between the different locks were to be activated.
Para realizar la apertura de la cerradura se realiza con el giro del canuto del bombín por medio de la llave. Inicialmente al girar el canuto éste lleva una leva, aquí la hemos representado fuera del canuto, pero puede también realizarse preferentemente dentro del bombillo para facilitar la colocación del bombillo en la cerradura. Dicha leva con el giro del canuto desplaza una pieza de bloqueo, sacándola fuera de la ranura y permitiendo al continuar el giro del canuto que al contactar la leva del bombillo con la leva de desanclaje se realice la apertura de la cerradura como se ha descrito anteriormente, al haber quedado desbloqueada la transmisión con cremallera. To open the lock, it is done by turning the cylinder spindle by means of the key. Initially, when the spindle is rotated, it carries a cam, here we have represented it outside the spindle, but it can also be done preferably inside the cylinder to facilitate the placement of the cylinder in the lock. Said cam with the rotation of the spindle moves a locking piece, taking it out of the slot and allowing, as the spindle continues to rotate, that when the cylinder cam contacts the unlocking cam, the lock is opened as described above. , as the rack transmission has been unlocked.
Más preferentemente, y de manera combinable con la apertura mecánica con el bombín, el dispositivo puede disponer de un elemento actuador electrónico. Estos pueden ser dos electroimanes o unas bobinas como elemento actuador de la leva de desanclaje y de la pieza de bloqueo mediante un eje accionado por excitación eléctrica con un mando a distancia. En este caso, el empuje del eje del electroimán actuará primero desanclando la transmisión con cremallera y después el electroimán de movimiento de las levas de desanclaje accionará el mecanismo explicado anteriormente mediante la llave mecánica. More preferably, and in a combinable way with the mechanical opening with the cylinder, the device can have an electronic actuating element. These can be two electromagnets or coils as actuating element of the unclamping cam and the locking piece by means of a shaft driven by electrical excitation with a remote control. In this case, the thrust of the electromagnet shaft will first act by unlocking the rack transmission and then the electromagnet for moving the unlocking cams will actuate the mechanism explained above by means of the mechanical key.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista frontal del interior de la caja de la cerradura en una primera realización para el cierre automático de la puerta. Figure 1.- Shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a first embodiment for the automatic closing of the door.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista frontal de la placa de cierre en proceso de apertura según la realización anterior.
Figura 3. Muestra una vista en perspectiva del cerradero que comprende una placa de cierre fijada al marco según la realización anterior. Figure 2.- Shows a front view of the closing plate in the opening process according to the previous embodiment. Figure 3. Shows a perspective view of the strike that comprises a closing plate fixed to the frame according to the previous embodiment.
Figura 4- Muestra una vista frontal del interior de la caja de la cerradura en una segunda donde se muestra claramente un elemento actuador electrónico compuesto por un electroimán y un eje actuador electrónicamente excitado por dicho electroimán. Figure 4- Shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a second one where an electronic actuating element composed of an electromagnet and an actuator shaft electronically excited by said electromagnet is clearly shown.
Figura 5.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva trasera de una realización tercera realización de un cerradero en forma de U con movimiento de tipo bisagra. Figure 5.- Shows a rear perspective view of a third embodiment of a U-shaped strike with a hinge-type movement.
Figura 6.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva frontal de la realización de la figura anterior de un cerradero en forma de U con movimiento de tipo bisagra. Figure 6.- Shows a front perspective view of the embodiment of the previous figure of a U-shaped strike with a hinge-type movement.
Figura 7.- Muestra una vista frontal del interior de la caja de la cerradura según la realización anterior donde se muestra claramente el engranaje, la transmisión de movimiento vertical para la apertura simultanea de las cerraduras. Figure 7.- Shows a front view of the inside of the lock box according to the previous embodiment where the gear is clearly shown, the transmission of vertical movement for the simultaneous opening of the locks.
Figura 8.- Muestra una vista frontal del cerradero según una cuarta realización el dispositivo con apertura simultanea o multipunto de múltiples cerraduras dispuestas verticalmente combinable con cualquiera de las anteriores. Figure 8.- Shows a front view of the strike according to a fourth embodiment, the device with simultaneous or multipoint opening of multiple locks arranged vertically that can be combined with any of the above.
Figura 9.- Muestra una vista frontal de una quinta realización de una realización de apertura simultanea o multipunto donde se observa claramente la pieza de bloqueo y un elemento actuador electrónico adicional para desbloquear la transmisión. Figure 9.- Shows a front view of a fifth embodiment of a simultaneous or multipoint opening embodiment where the locking piece and an additional electronic actuating element to unlock the transmission can be clearly seen.
Figura 10.- Muestra una vista frontal de una sexta realización del interior de la caja de cerradura que presenta un anclaje más largo y un agujero donde entra el eje de transmisión. Figure 10.- Shows a front view of a sixth embodiment of the interior of the lock box that has a longer anchor and a hole where the transmission shaft enters.
Figura 11.- Muestra una vista frontal de la realización de la figura 10 donde el tope cerrojo está girado apoyado sobre el cerrojo giratorio. Figure 11.- Shows a front view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the bolt stopper is rotated supported on the rotating bolt.
Figura 12 -Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la realización de la figura 10 donde se muestra el cerrojo giratorio, el tope cerrojo y la leva de desanclaje.
Figura 13.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la realización de la figura 10 donde se muestra el picaporte cernadero y la ventana por donde entra el cerrojo giratorio. Figure 12 - Shows a perspective view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the twistlock, the bolt stopper and the unlocking cam are shown. Figure 13.- Shows a perspective view of the embodiment of figure 10 where the latch latch and the window through which the rotating bolt enters.
Figura 14.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva lateral de séptima realización con el cerradero en forma de U. Figure 14.- Shows a side perspective view of the seventh embodiment with the U-shaped striker.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La figura 1 muestra una vista frontal del interior de una caja (1) de la cerradura (1a) en una primera realización del dispositivo para el cierre automático de la puerta, donde se aprecia claramente el interior de la caja (1) de una cerradura (1a) cuando se encuentra en estado de cierre, dicha caja (1) comprende un bombín (2) con una leva (30) destinada como un elemento actuador para el mecanismo de apertura, mediante el giro de una llave mecánica. Figure 1 shows a front view of the inside of a box (1) of the lock (1a) in a first embodiment of the device for the automatic closing of the door, where the interior of the box (1) of a lock can be clearly seen (1a) when in the closed state, said box (1) comprises a cylinder (2) with a cam (30) intended as an actuating element for the opening mechanism, by turning a mechanical key.
Además, dicha caja comprende una pieza de anclaje (11) fijada a la caja (1) giratoriamente respecto de un eje de anclaje (5) que comprende un alojamiento (18), una porción pivote (20) alargada, y una guía (21) localizada en la porción distal con respecto al eje de anclaje (5), dicha guía (21) presentando un tope (19). Furthermore, said box comprises an anchoring piece (11) fixed to the box (1) rotatably with respect to an anchoring axis (5) comprising a housing (18), an elongated pivot portion (20), and a guide (21 ) located in the distal portion with respect to the anchoring axis (5), said guide (21) presenting a stop (19).
La caja (1) contiene además un picaporte (7) conectado a la caja (1) de manera giratoria respecto de un eje de picaporte (4), que comprende una porción sobresalienteThe box (1) also contains a latch (7) connected to the box (1) in a rotatable manner with respect to a latch axis (4), comprising a projecting portion
(71) a la caja (1) y una porción alojada (72) en la caja (1), donde la porción alojada(71) to the box (1) and a portion housed (72) in the box (1), where the portion housed
(72) se aloja en el alojamiento (18) de la pieza de anclaje (11) y donde dicho alojamiento (18) sirve como punto de apoyo y bloqueo del picaporte (7), la porción sobresaliente (71) presenta en una sección distal un saliente (73) transversal e inclinado con respecto a la caja (1)- (72) is housed in the housing (18) of the anchoring piece (11) and where said housing (18) serves as a support and locking point for the latch (7), the protruding portion (71) presents in a distal section a projection (73) transverse and inclined with respect to the box (1) -
La caja (1) comprende, además, una leva de desanclaje (10) conectada a la caja (1) de manera giratoria respecto de un eje (9) destinada a girar por el accionamiento de la leva (30) por el giro de una llave mecánica, dicha leva comprende una primera porción de leva (100) destinada a ser accionada por la llave para hacerla girar, una segunda porción de leva (101) que presenta una primera zona de contacto (102) para contactar con el pivote (20) de la pieza de anclaje y hacer girar la pieza de anclaje (11), y una
segunda zona de contacto (103) para contactar con la zona alojada del picaporte (72) y hacer girar el picaporte (7). The box (1) further comprises a disengagement cam (10) connected to the box (1) in a rotary manner with respect to an axis (9) destined to rotate by actuation of the cam (30) by the rotation of a mechanical key, said cam comprises a first cam portion (100) intended to be actuated by the key to make it turn, a second cam portion (101) presenting a first contact area (102) to contact the pivot (20 ) of the anchor piece and rotate the anchor piece (11), and a second contact area (103) to contact the area housed in the latch (72) and rotate the latch (7).
La figura 1 muestra, además, un resorte (17) fijado a la caja (1) y unido a la pieza de anclaje (11) para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la pieza de anclaje (11) cuando es empujada por la leva (10), y un resorte (8) que ejerce una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro del picaporte cuando es empujado por la leva (10), y un resorte (16) fijado a la caja (1) y unido a la leva de desanclaje (10) para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la leva de desanclaje (10). Figure 1 also shows a spring (17) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the anchor piece (11) to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the anchor piece (11) when it is pushed by the cam (10), and a spring (8) that exerts a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the latch when it is pushed by the cam (10), and a spring (16) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the release cam (10) to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the release cam (10).
De manera que, como muestra la figura 2, al accionar la apertura de la puerta haciendo girar la llave en el bombín (2) en un primer sentido de giro, la leva (30) empuja la primera porción (100) de la leva de desanclaje (10) haciendo girar la leva en sentido inverso hasta, primero empujar el pivote (20) de la pieza de anclaje (11) haciéndola pivotar desplazando el punto de apoyo del alojamiento (18) sobre el picaporte (7), y posteriormente el giro de la leva de desanclaje (11) empuja la zona alojada (72) del picaporte (7) venciendo la fuerza recuperadora del resorte de picaporte (8) y como consecuencia pivota en el primer sentido de giro de apertura elevándose hasta el tope definido por la geometría de la caja (1), permitiendo como consecuencia la apertura de la puerta. Thus, as shown in figure 2, when the door is opened by turning the key in the cylinder (2) in a first direction of rotation, the cam (30) pushes the first portion (100) of the locking cam. unlocking (10) by rotating the cam in the opposite direction until, first, push the pivot (20) of the anchoring piece (11), making it pivot, moving the support point of the housing (18) on the latch (7), and then the Rotation of the unlocking cam (11) pushes the housed area (72) of the latch (7) overcoming the restoring force of the latch spring (8) and as a consequence it pivots in the first opening rotation direction, rising up to the stop defined by the geometry of the box (1), thus allowing the door to open.
Una vez abierta, el resorte de leva (16) ejerce la fuerza recuperadora sobre la leva de desanclaje (10), volviendo a una posición inicial en reposo, por lo que la pieza de anclaje (11) vuelve a su posición inicial vertical. Once open, the cam spring (16) exerts the restoring force on the unlocking cam (10), returning to an initial position at rest, whereby the anchoring piece (11) returns to its initial vertical position.
La figura 3 muestra vista del cerradero (2a) de la realización anterior, donde se muestra una placa de cierre (20) destinada a fijarse al marco de la puerta, dicha placa de cierre (20) comprende una pluralidad de agujeros (25), un tope (26) en forma de L configurado para contactar con el extremo distal inclinado del picaporte (73), y una pestaña saliente (27). Figure 3 shows a view of the strike (2a) of the previous embodiment, where a closure plate (20) is shown intended to be fixed to the door frame, said closure plate (20) comprises a plurality of holes (25), an L-shaped stop (26) configured to contact the sloped distal end of the latch (73), and a projecting flange (27).
Adicionalmente, la figura 1 muestra un vástago (22) que comprende un cabezal (13) sobresaliente a la caja (1), una base (12) adyacente al cabezal (13), dicha base (12) comprende un resorte (15) y está fijada a la caja (1), el vástago (22) comprende, además, una tapa (14), donde la tapa (14) está en contacto directo con el tope (19) de
la pieza de desanclaje (11), cuando la cerradura (1a) está cerrada o abierta pero no cuando está en proceso de apertura, de manera que, dicho contacto del tope (19) y la tapa (14) resisten la fuerza recuperadora del resorte (17) manteniendo la pieza de anclaje (11) en reposo y vertical. Cuando está en proceso de apertura el cabezal (13) sale fuera de la cerradura y por lo tanto libera el picaporte (7) de la pieza de anclaje (11) por medio de la fuerza ejercida sobre la zona (19) por la tapa (14), permitiendo a dicho picaporte subir. Additionally, figure 1 shows a stem (22) comprising a head (13) projecting to the box (1), a base (12) adjacent to the head (13), said base (12) comprises a spring (15) and is fixed to the box (1), the stem (22) also comprises a cover (14), where the cover (14) is in direct contact with the stop (19) of the unlocking piece (11), when the lock (1a) is closed or open but not when it is in the opening process, so that said contact of the stop (19) and the cover (14) resist the restoring force of the spring (17) keeping the anchor piece (11) at rest and vertical. When it is in the opening process, the head (13) comes out of the lock and therefore releases the latch (7) from the anchor piece (11) by means of the force exerted on the area (19) by the cover ( 14), allowing said latch to rise.
Cuando se realiza el cierre de la puerta, el tope (26) de la placa de cierre (20) entra en contacto con la cara inclinada del picaporte (7) obligándolo a subir. El cabezal (13) y la tapa (14) tienen libertad de movimiento longitudinal con respecto a la base (12) fijada a la caja (1), por lo que a continuación, el cabezal (13) entra en contacto con la pestaña saliente (27) de la placa de cierre (20) unida al marco de la puerta y como consecuencia se desplaza al interior de la caja (1) empujando el resorte (15) que a su vez empuja la tapa (14), liberando la pieza de anclaje (11) del tope (14), y como consecuencia permitiendo al resorte (17) ejercer la fuerza recuperadora sobre la pieza de anclaje (11), desplazando el punto de apoyo del picaporte (7) sobre el anclaje (11), permitiendo finalmente al resorte (8) ejercer la fuerza recuperadora y girar el picaporte cerrando la puerta. When the door is closed, the stop (26) of the closing plate (20) comes into contact with the inclined face of the latch (7) forcing it to rise. The head (13) and the cover (14) have freedom of longitudinal movement with respect to the base (12) fixed to the box (1), therefore, the head (13) then comes into contact with the projecting flange (27) of the closing plate (20) attached to the door frame and as a consequence it moves into the box (1) pushing the spring (15) which in turn pushes the cover (14), releasing the piece anchor (11) of the stop (14), and as a consequence allowing the spring (17) to exert the restoring force on the anchor piece (11), moving the support point of the latch (7) on the anchor (11), finally allowing the spring (8) to exert the restoring force and turn the latch, closing the door.
Nótese, que. una vez cerrada la cerradura (1a) presenta dos sistemas independientes de seguridad, por una parte, el muelle de picaporte (8) y como sistema auxiliar el alojamiento (18) de la pieza de anclaje (11) en posición vertical ejerciendo de punto de apoyo e impidiendo una apertura forzada del picaporte (7). Note, that. Once the lock (1a) is closed, it has two independent security systems, on the one hand, the latch spring (8) and, as an auxiliary system, the housing (18) of the anchoring piece (11) in a vertical position acting as a point of support and preventing a forced opening of the latch (7).
La figura 4 muestra una vista frontal del interior de la caja de la cerradura en una segunda realización donde la cerradura comprende, además, un elemento actuador electrónico compuesto por un electroimán y un eje actuador electrónicamente excitado por dicho electroimán. Figure 4 shows a front view of the interior of the lock box in a second embodiment where the lock further comprises an electronic actuator element composed of an electromagnet and an actuator shaft electronically excited by said electromagnet.
La figura 5 muestra una vista en perspectiva de una tercera realización del dispositivo, que comprende la cerradura descrita anteriormente y comprende un cerradero alternativo de tipo U con movimiento de tipo bisagra. La tercera realización mostrada por la figura 5 comprende un cerradero (2b) que comprende una placa de contacto (31) destinada a entrar en contacto con la puerta y donde dicha placa de contacto (31)
comprende dos aletas (32,33) que se prolongan en dirección transversal a la placa de contacto definiendo una aleta posterior (33) y una aleta frontal (32). Dicha placa de contacto presenta además una ranura (43) destinada a permitir que penetre el cabezal (13) del vástago (22) de la cerradura. Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the device, which comprises the lock described above and comprises an alternative U-type strike with a hinge-type movement. The third embodiment shown by figure 5 comprises a strike (2b) comprising a contact plate (31) intended to come into contact with the door and where said contact plate (31) It comprises two fins (32,33) that extend in a direction transverse to the contact plate defining a rear fin (33) and a front fin (32). Said contact plate also has a slot (43) intended to allow the head (13) of the stem (22) of the lock to penetrate.
La figura 6 muestra una varilla (34) que une la placa de contacto (31) con la placa de cierre (35) configurada para permitir un movimiento relativo de tipo bisagra de la placa de contacto (31) con la placa de cierre (35) fijada al marco. Figure 6 shows a rod (34) joining the contact plate (31) with the closure plate (35) configured to allow a relative hinge-type movement of the contact plate (31) with the closure plate (35 ) attached to the frame.
El cerradero (2b) comprende, además, un muelle de cerradero (36) introducido en la varilla (34) y configurado para ejercer una fuerza de unión entre la placa de contacto (31) y la placa de cierre (35), dicho muelle (36) permite una separación entre las placas (35,31) de sustancialmente 20° y la fuerza de unión del muelle de cerradero está destinada a mantener dichas placas juntas mediante una fuerza recuperadora ejercida por dicho muelle (36). The striker (2b) further comprises a striker spring (36) inserted into the rod (34) and configured to exert a joining force between the contact plate (31) and the closing plate (35), said spring (36) allows a separation between the plates (35,31) of substantially 20 ° and the binding force of the strike spring is designed to keep said plates together by means of a restoring force exerted by said spring (36).
Por lo que, cuando la puerta está en una posición de apertura, el muelle de cerradero (36) mantiene la placa de cierre (35) y la placa de contacto (31) unidas entre, para permitir que, al cerrar la puerta, el picaporte (71) pueda entrar en una abertura (37) que presenta la placa de contacto (31) elevando el picaporte (71) por medio de la inclinación que presenta en su poción distal (73). Therefore, when the door is in an open position, the strike spring (36) keeps the closing plate (35) and the contact plate (31) joined together, to allow that, when the door is closed, the The latch (71) can enter an opening (37) that the contact plate (31) presents by raising the latch (71) by means of the inclination that it presents in its distal portion (73).
Cuando la puerta continúa el movimiento de cierre, entra en contacto con la aleta posterior (33) de la puerta ejerciendo presión sobre la placa de contacto (31), y como consecuencia vence la fuerza del muelle de cerradero (36), forzando la placa de contacto (31) a desplazarse contra la superficie transversal o lateral de la puerta. When the door continues the closing movement, it comes into contact with the rear flap (33) of the door, exerting pressure on the contact plate (31), and as a consequence the force of the strike spring (36) overcomes, forcing the plate contact (31) to move against the transverse or lateral surface of the door.
Como consecuencia, la placa de contacto desplaza el cabezal de la cerradura y dicho cabezal (13) se desplaza al interior desencadenando el cierre de la cerradura explicado anteriormente hasta que la fuerza recuperadora del resorte (8) del picaporte gira el picaporte (71) hacia una posición inferior cerrando la cerradura. As a consequence, the contact plate moves the head of the lock and said head (13) moves inside, triggering the closing of the lock explained above until the restoring force of the spring (8) of the latch turns the latch (71) towards a lower position closing the lock.
Finalmente, cuando la puerta se cierra, la sección distal del picaporte (73) que presenta forma de L fija la placa de contacto (31) en posición de cierre venciendo la fuerza del muelle del cerradero (36), y las dos aletas (32,33) se proyectan por el
interior y por el exterior de la puerta respectivamente, permitiendo una mayor seguridad contra posibles robos, dificultando el acceso al interior para forzar el picaporte. Finally, when the door is closed, the distal section of the latch (73) that has an L shape fixes the contact plate (31) in the closed position, overcoming the force of the strike spring (36), and the two wings (32 , 33) are projected by the inside and outside the door respectively, allowing greater security against possible theft, making it difficult to access the interior to force the latch.
Cuando se ejecuta la apertura de la puerta por medios mecánicos o por electroimán, se activa la apertura mencionada anteriormente, el picaporte (7) sube y la sección distal (73) en L del picaporte deja de sujetar la placa de contacto (31), permitiendo la apertura de la puerta. When the door is opened by mechanical means or by electromagnet, the aforementioned opening is activated, the latch (7) rises and the L-shaped distal section (73) of the latch stops holding the contact plate (31), allowing the door to open.
Nótese, que en consecuencia la fuerza de unión ejercida por el muelle (36) de cerradero, favorecerá la apertura al empujar la placa de contacto (31) contra la placa de cierre (35) facilitando una apertura cómoda. Note that consequently the binding force exerted by the strike spring (36) will favor the opening by pushing the contact plate (31) against the closing plate (35) facilitating a comfortable opening.
La figura 6 muestra una vista en lateral de la realización descrita, donde se muestra que el cerradero (1b) comprende un tope (38) de cerradero conectado a la placa de cierre (35) de manera giratoria y localizado entre la placa de contacto (31) y la placa de cierre (35), concretamente encima del picaporte (71) cuando la cerradura se encuentra cerrada con el picaporte (71) girado en una posición inferior. Figure 6 shows a side view of the described embodiment, where it is shown that the strike (1b) comprises a strike stop (38) connected to the closure plate (35) in a rotatable manner and located between the contact plate ( 31) and the closing plate (35), specifically above the latch (71) when the lock is closed with the latch (71) turned in a lower position.
La figura 6 muestra también que la placa de contacto (31) presenta una abertura (37) de tope, que define la geometría transversal del tope (38) y localizada dicha abertura (37) en una posición superior al tope (38) de cerradero. Figure 6 also shows that the contact plate (31) has a stop opening (37), which defines the transverse geometry of the stop (38) and said opening (37) located in a position higher than the strike stop (38) .
En consecuencia, cuando se efectúa la apertura de la cerradura, el picaporte (71) empuja el tope de cerradero (38), dicho tope (38) de cerradero entra por la abertura (37) de tope, permitiendo el libre movimiento de la place de contacto (31) y como consecuencia el muelle de cerradero (36) ejerce la fuerza de unión sin la oposición que antes ejercía el tope de cierre antes de ser empujado por el picaporte, ni por la sujeción que ejerce la sección distal (73) en forma de L del picaporte (7), como consecuencia permitiendo abrir la puerta cómodamente. Consequently, when the lock is opened, the latch (71) pushes the strike stop (38), said strike stop (38) enters through the stop opening (37), allowing the free movement of the place. of contact (31) and as a consequence the strike spring (36) exerts the joining force without the opposition exerted before by the closing stop before being pushed by the latch, nor by the hold exerted by the distal section (73) L-shaped handle (7), consequently allowing the door to be opened comfortably.
Nótese, que cuando la puerta se encuentra cerrada, dicho tope de cierre (38) ejerce de seguridad adicional, puesto que, si se forzara o incluso si se cortara con una sierra la porción distal que sobresale del picaporte (7), el tope (38) de cerradero mantendrá el cerradero (2b) en posición de cierre, bloqueando una posible apertura forzada.
En la realización preferente de cerradero de tipo bisagra arriba descrita, el cerradero comprende, además, un tope desplazable (42) con un muelle (41) y dicho tope (42) unido a una plaquita (40). El tope desplazable (42) destinado a moverse longitudinalmente sobre un cilindro situado en la placa de cierre fijada al marco de forma que si se introduce hacia el interior del cerradero de tipo bisagra queda situada justo encima del tope (38) de cerradero. De manera que se gira el tope desplazable (42) y el extremo sobresaliente de la plaquita (40) se ancla sobre el tope desplazable (42) de cerradero impidiendo retroceder por el esfuerzo del muelle (41). Note that when the door is closed, said closing stop (38) exerts additional security, since, if the distal portion that protrudes from the latch (7) is forced or even cut with a saw, the stop ( 38) of the strike will keep the strike (2b) in the closed position, blocking a possible forced opening. In the preferred embodiment of the hinge-type strike described above, the strike further comprises a movable stop (42) with a spring (41) and said stop (42) attached to a plate (40). The movable stop (42) intended to move longitudinally on a cylinder located on the closing plate fixed to the frame so that if it is inserted towards the inside of the hinge-type strike, it is located just above the strike stop (38). So that the movable stop (42) is rotated and the protruding end of the plate (40) is anchored on the movable stop (42) of the strike, preventing it from moving back due to the force of the spring (41).
Nótese que estando en esta posición impide la apertura de la puerta desde el exterior incluso con la llave, ya que al impedir la elevación del tope de cerradero impide también la elevación del picaporte y la puerta no se puede abrir, ni desde el exterior ni desde el interior, aunque se use la llave. Si se gira el tope (42) hasta desenclavar la plaquita (40) del tope de cerradero (38) el tope desplazable (42) es movido por el esfuerzo del muelle a una posición en la que el tope de cerradero queda libre y por lo tanto puede abrirse la puerta tanto desde el exterior como desde el interior. Note that being in this position prevents the door from being opened from the outside even with the key, since by preventing the lifting of the strike stop it also prevents the lifting of the latch and the door cannot be opened, neither from the outside nor from inside, even if the key is used. If the stop (42) is turned until the plate (40) is disengaged from the strike stop (38), the movable stop (42) is moved by the force of the spring to a position in which the strike stop is free and therefore both the door can be opened both from the outside and from the inside.
Nótese que esta es una seguridad añadida para personas que quieran completa seguridad cuando están en el interior de la casa, ya que impide la entrada desde el exterior si no se desancla el cerradero. Note that this is an added security for people who want complete security when they are inside the house, since it prevents entry from the outside if the strike is not unbolted.
La figura 7 y la figura 8, muestran una cuarta realización del dispositivo que permite cerrar simultáneamente todas las cerraduras por un mecanismo enlazado, o “multipunto”. Dicha realización presenta una segunda leva de desanclaje posterior que dispone de un engranaje acoplado (201), que gira solidario a dicha segunda leva de desanclaje, moviendo una transmisión (200) durante el giro de la llave o del electroimán para el cierre y comunicando el mismo movimiento a una pluralidad de cajas de cerradura dispuestas verticalmente, mediante la transmisión (200). Figure 7 and Figure 8 show a fourth embodiment of the device that allows all the locks to be simultaneously closed by a linked or "multipoint" mechanism. Said embodiment presents a second rear unlocking cam that has a coupled gear (201), which rotates in solidarity with said second unlocking cam, moving a transmission (200) during the turning of the key or the electromagnet for closing and communicating the same movement to a plurality of vertically arranged lock boxes, by transmission (200).
La figura 9 muestra una quinta realización, más concretamente del tipo“multipunto”, que comprende una configuración distinta en relación al vástago de desanclaje (22), que aun siendo similar y realizando la misma función explicada anteriormente, en este caso el muelle (207) está en el interior del vástago y empuja tanto al vástago hacia el exterior de la cerradura como a una pieza de bloqueo (202) hacia el interior. La
transmisión con cremallera (200) engrana con un engranaje (201) dispuesto en el mismo eje de las levas de desanclaje y transmite el movimiento a diferentes cerraduras dispuestas verticalmente. Figure 9 shows a fifth embodiment, more specifically of the "multipoint" type, which comprises a different configuration in relation to the unlocking rod (22), which, while still similar and performing the same function explained above, in this case the spring (207 ) is on the inside of the stem and pushes both the stem out of the lock and a locking piece (202) inward. The rack transmission (200) meshes with a gear (201) arranged on the same axis of the unlocking cams and transmits the movement to different locks arranged vertically.
Esta realización multipunto, con una transmisión con cremallera dispone de una zona ranurada (206) donde se introduce una zona sobresaliente de la pieza de bloqueo (202) de la transmisión cuando la puerta está cerrada debido a que esta pieza de bloqueo (202) es empujada por el muelle (207) al interior de dicha ranura (206) impidiendo el movimiento de la transmisión con cremallera (200) y por tanto el forzado de la cerradura si de algún modo se consiguiese accionar alguno de los elementos de transmisión entre las diferentes cerraduras. This multipoint embodiment, with a rack transmission, has a slotted area (206) where a projecting area of the transmission locking piece (202) is inserted when the door is closed due to the fact that this locking piece (202) is pushed by the spring (207) into said slot (206) preventing the movement of the transmission with rack (200) and therefore the forcing of the lock if some of the transmission elements between the different locks.
Para realizar la apertura de la cerradura se realiza el giro del canuto del bombín (3) por medio de la llave. Según la presente realización el bombín (3) comprende una leva (203), que gira solidaria, dicha leva (203) con el giro del bombín (3) desplaza la pieza de bloqueo (202), sacándola fuera de la ranura (206) y permitiendo al continuar el giro que al contactar la leva (203) con las levas de desanclaje se realice la apertura de la cerradura como se ha descrito anteriormente, al haber quedado desbloqueada la transmisión con cremallera. To open the lock, the cylinder spindle (3) is turned by means of the key. According to the present embodiment, the cylinder (3) comprises a cam (203), which rotates integrally, said cam (203) with the rotation of the cylinder (3) displaces the locking piece (202), taking it out of the slot (206) and allowing, as the rotation continues, that when the cam (203) contacts the unlocking cams, the opening of the lock is performed as described above, since the transmission with rack has been unlocked.
En dicha realización preferente el dispositivo comprende además dos electroimanes (204 y 205) como elemento actuador de la leva de desanclaje y de la pieza de bloqueo (202) mediante un eje accionado por excitación eléctrica con un mando a distancia. En este caso, el empuje del eje del electroimán (205) actuará primero desanclando la transmisión con cremallera y después el electroimán de movimiento de las levas de desanclaje (204) accionará el mecanismo anteriormente descrito mediante la llave mecánica. In said preferred embodiment, the device further comprises two electromagnets (204 and 205) as actuating element of the unlocking cam and of the locking piece (202) by means of a shaft operated by electrical excitation with a remote control. In this case, the thrust of the electromagnet shaft (205) will act first, unlocking the rack transmission and then the electromagnet for the movement of the unlocking cams (204) will actuate the mechanism previously described by means of the mechanical key.
La figura 10 y 11 muestra una sexta realización del dispositivo en las que se modifica el anclaje (11) siendo más largo y añadiendo un agujero donde entra el eje de transmisión (305). Se añade un cerrojo giratorio (300) que dispone de una zona tope (300a), donde se apoya el tope cerrojo giratorio (301) que gira sobre el eje anclaje (5) y que tiene una zona empuje (301a) adaptada para ser empujada por la pestaña (104) de la leva de desanclaje (10). Se añade también la transmisión cerrojo (302) que está unida de forma giratoria al cerrojo giratorio (300) por el segundo eje transmisión (303).
Nótese que el resorte (16) que en las realizaciones anteriores impedía el giro anti horario de la leva desanclaje (10), en esta realización le ayuda. Figure 10 and 11 show a sixth embodiment of the device in which the anchor (11) is modified by being longer and adding a hole where the transmission shaft (305) enters. A rotary bolt (300) is added that has a stop zone (300a), where the rotary bolt stop (301) is supported, which rotates on the anchor shaft (5) and has a push zone (301a) adapted to be pushed by the flange (104) of the unlocking cam (10). Also added is the transmission bolt (302) which is rotatably attached to the twistlock (300) by the second transmission shaft (303). Note that the spring (16) that in the previous embodiments prevented the anti-clockwise rotation of the unlocking cam (10), in this embodiment it helps.
El funcionamiento es similar a las realizaciones anteriores, pero en este caso cuando la puerta está abierta, el vástago (13) está fuera de la caja forzando por medio de la tapa (14). The operation is similar to the previous embodiments, but in this case when the door is open, the stem (13) is out of the box forcing through the cover (14).
Que el anclaje esté girado, en esta posición y debido a dicho giro, el cerrojo (300) entra dentro de la caja (1). En este momento el tope cerrojo (301) está girado apoyado sobre el cerrojo giratorio (300), tal y como muestra la figura 11. That the anchor is rotated, in this position and due to said rotation, the bolt (300) enters the box (1). At this time, the bolt stop (301) is rotated supported on the rotating bolt (300), as shown in figure 11.
La Figura 13 muestra que a la placa de cierre (20) se le ha añadido el picaporte cerradero (320) y se ha creado una ventana (321) por donde entra el cerrojo giratorio (300). Figure 13 shows that the locking latch (320) has been added to the closing plate (20) and a window (321) has been created through which the rotating bolt (300) enters.
Al cerrar la puerta el picaporte (7) entra en contacto con el tope (26) en forma de L. El picaporte se eleva y sigue girando la puerta. El vástago (13) entra en contacto con la pestaña saliente (27), comenzando a entrar en la caja (1), al hacerlo debería ir retrocediendo el anclaje para ponerse vertical, pero en esta realización el resorte (16) mantiene la leva de desanclaje (10) apoyada sobre el picaporte (7), por lo que el anclaje (11) no puede girar y así se mantiene el cerrojo giratorio retraído hasta que el picaporte (7) pueda bajar. La puerta sigue girando y el picaporte (7) choca con el picaporte cerradero (320) elevándolo. When the door is closed, the latch (7) comes into contact with the L-shaped stop (26). The latch rises and continues to turn the door. The stem (13) comes into contact with the protruding flange (27), beginning to enter the box (1), in doing so the anchor should move back to become vertical, but in this embodiment the spring (16) maintains the cam of unlocking (10) resting on the latch (7), so the anchorage (11) cannot rotate and thus the twistlock is kept retracted until the latch (7) can lower. The door continues to rotate and the latch (7) collides with the strike latch (320) lifting it.
Cuando la puerta llega al final de su recorrido el picaporte (7) gira a su posición más baja, forzado por el muelle picaporte (8) y al hacerlo gira también el picaporte cerradero (320) hasta quedar apoyado sobre el picaporte (7), bloqueando éste picaporte también la cerradura (1a) , Cuando el picaporte (7) gira a su posición más baja, al hacerlo fuerza la leva de desanclaje (10) a girar en sentido horario y al hacerlo obliga a girar al cerrojo giratorio (300) por la unión con el eje anclaje (11) de la transmisión cerrojo (302), de forma que cuando el picaporte (7) ha girado hasta su posición más baja el cerrojo giratorio entra en la ventana de la placa de cierre (20) y se posiciona justo encima del picaporte cerradero (320).
Al llegar a esta posición el cerrojo giratorio (300) se ha colocado justo encima del picaporte cerradero (320) impidiendo que los dos picaportes se puedan levantar. Por otra parte cuando el cerrojo giratorio (300) ha llegado a su posición final el tope cerrojo giratorio es traccionado por el resorte (306) girándolo hasta posicionarlo sobre la zona tope (300a). En esta posición bloquea el giro del cerrojo giratorio (300) impidiendo su desplazamiento si se intentase forzar. When the door reaches the end of its travel, the latch (7) rotates to its lowest position, forced by the latch spring (8) and as it does so, the strike latch (320) also rotates until it rests on the latch (7), This latch also blocks the lock (1a). When the latch (7) turns to its lowest position, doing so forces the unlocking cam (10) to turn clockwise and when doing so forces the twistlock (300) to turn. by the union with the anchor shaft (11) of the bolt transmission (302), so that when the latch (7) has rotated to its lowest position the rotating bolt enters the window of the closing plate (20) and it is positioned just above the strike latch (320). Upon reaching this position, the rotating bolt (300) has been placed just above the strike latch (320), preventing the two latches from lifting. On the other hand, when the rotary bolt (300) has reached its final position, the rotary bolt stopper is pulled by the spring (306), rotating it until it is positioned on the stop zone (300a). In this position, it blocks the rotation of the rotary bolt (300), preventing it from moving if force is attempted.
Es por ello que en esta realización la seguridad de la cerradura es muy alta, debido a que dispone de dos picaportes que impiden la apertura, ambos están bloqueados por el cerrojo giratorio que impide su forzado y además el cerrojo giratorio dispone de un tope que impide su forzado. Además de que el picaporte (7) no se puede levantar sin forzar el anclaje (11) That is why in this embodiment the security of the lock is very high, due to the fact that it has two latches that prevent opening, both are blocked by the rotating bolt that prevents forcing and also the rotating bolt has a stop that prevents its forced. In addition, the latch (7) cannot be raised without forcing the anchor (11)
En la figura 14 se muestra una séptima realización, en la que la cerradura (1) anterior se combina con el cerradero en forma de U. In figure 14 a seventh embodiment is shown, in which the previous lock (1) is combined with the U-shaped strike.
En esta realización la puerta comienza a girar estando igualmente la cerradura en posición de abierta, con el cabezal (13) fuera de la caja (1) y el anclaje (13) en posición girada con el cerrojo giratorio (300) en el interior de la caja (1). In this embodiment, the door begins to rotate, the lock also being in the open position, with the head (13) outside the box (1) and the anchor (13) in the rotated position with the rotating bolt (300) inside the the box (1).
Al girar la puerta, en un primer momento el picaporte (7) contacta con la abertura (37) tocando el borde y elevándose. La puerta entra casi rozando la aleta posterior (33). La puerta sigue girando y el cabezal (13) entra por la ranura (43), posteriormente el picaporte contacta con el tope (38) elevándolo. Cuando la puerta está casi llegando al final de su recorrido choca con la aleta frontal (32) girando la placa contacto (31) de forma que abraza la puerta con las dos aletas frontal y posterior. En este giro de la placa de contacto (31) dicha placa empuja el vástago (13) hacia el interior de la caja (1) realizando la misma función que la explicada anteriormente. When the door is rotated, at first the latch (7) contacts the opening (37) touching the edge and rising. The door enters almost touching the rear wing (33). The door continues to rotate and the head (13) enters through the slot (43), subsequently the latch contacts the stop (38) raising it. When the door is almost reaching the end of its travel it collides with the front flap (32) turning the contact plate (31) so that it embraces the door with the two front and rear flaps. In this rotation of the contact plate (31) said plate pushes the stem (13) towards the interior of the box (1) performing the same function as that explained previously.
El vástago (13) entra en contacto con la placa de contacto (31), comenzando a entrar en la caja (1), al hacerlo debería ir retrocediendo el anclaje para ponerse vertical, pero en esta realización el resorte (16) mantiene la leva desanclaje (10) apoyada sobre el picaporte (7), por lo que el anclaje (11) no puede girar y así se mantiene el cerrojo giratorio retraído hasta que el picaporte (7) pueda bajar.
Un poco antes de que la puerta llegue al final de su recorrido el picaporte (7) puede bajar al quedar detrás de la placa contacto. En este momento baja y permite que el tope (38) baje también. Al bajar el picaporte (7) por la fuerza del resorte (8) obliga igualmente a la leva desanclaje (10) a situarse en su posición alta, permitiendo al anclaje (11) ponerse vertical y girando el cerrojo giratorio (301) a su posición final de cerrado, colocándose encima del tope (38) impidiendo su giro y también el del picaporte (7). The stem (13) comes into contact with the contact plate (31), beginning to enter the box (1), in doing so, the anchor should move back to become vertical, but in this embodiment the spring (16) maintains the cam unlocking (10) resting on the latch (7), so the anchorage (11) cannot rotate and thus the twistlock is kept retracted until the latch (7) can lower. A little before the door reaches the end of its travel the latch (7) can be lowered as it remains behind the contact plate. At this time it goes down and allows the stop (38) to go down as well. When lowering the latch (7) by the force of the spring (8) it also forces the unlocking cam (10) to be in its high position, allowing the anchor (11) to become vertical and turning the rotary bolt (301) to its position closing end, placing itself on top of the stop (38) preventing its rotation and also that of the latch (7).
El tope (38) al estar en su posición baja impide que la placa contacto pueda retroceder ya que choca con el tope cerrojo (38) en la zona final de la ventana (390). En esta posición si giramos el tope desplazable (42) 180 grados hacemos que la plaquita (40) se posicione justo encima del tope (38), impidiendo la apertura de la puerta por el exterior y por el interior, ni con la llave, ni por el interior con la manilla al no permitir la subida de los picaportes, por lo que bloquea toda la cerradura. Esto es importante para que si una persona que está en el interior no quiere permitir la entrada a nadie, con girar el tope desplazable, nadie tiene acceso desde el exterior. The stop (38), being in its low position, prevents the contact plate from moving backwards since it collides with the latch stop (38) in the final area of the window (390). In this position, if we turn the movable stop (42) 180 degrees, we make the plate (40) position just above the stop (38), preventing the door from opening from the outside and inside, neither with the key, nor from the inside with the handle, as it does not allow the latches to rise, thus blocking the entire lock. This is important so that if a person who is inside does not want to allow entry to anyone, by turning the movable stop, no one has access from the outside.
Para la apertura de la cerradura, giramos la llave y comienza a girar la leva desanclajeTo open the lock, we turn the key and the unlocking cam begins to turn
(10). (10).
En primer lugar, la patilla (104) de la leva desanclaje (10) empuja al tope cerrojo giratorio (301) en la zona empuje tope (301a) elevando el tope cerrojo giratorio (301). Sigue girando la llave y la zona (101) de la leva desanclaje (10) empuja el anclaje (11) girándolo, lo que hace que el cerrojo giratorio (300) comience a entrar en la caja (1). Después de que el anclaje (11) empujado por la leva desanclaje (10) alcance su punto máximo de giro, el cerrojo giratorio está completamente dentro de la caja (1). La leva sigue girando y finalmente empuja con la zona (103) el picaporte (7) elevándolo. Al hacerlo eleva el tope (38) del cerradero. En este momento el muelle cerradero (36) empuja la placa contacto ayudándola a girar. Con un suave empujón termina el giro de la placa de contacto (31) y la puerta está abierta. First, the lug (104) of the unlocking cam (10) pushes the twistlock stop (301) in the stop push zone (301a) raising the twistlock stop (301). Keep turning the key and the area (101) of the unlocking cam (10) pushes the anchor (11) by turning it, which makes the twistlock (300) begin to enter the box (1). After the anchor (11) pushed by the unlocking cam (10) reaches its maximum pivot point, the twistlock is completely inside the case (1). The cam continues to rotate and finally pushes with the zone (103) the latch (7) lifting it. In doing so, it raises the stop (38) of the strike. At this moment the strike spring (36) pushes the contact plate helping it to rotate. With a gentle push, the rotation of the contact plate (31) ends and the door is open.
El tope (38) que tiene una pestaña que es la que hace de tope contra la placa contacto (31) en el momento en que se han acercado ambas placas queda dicha pestaña apoyada sobre la parte baja de la ventana (39).
En esta posición ha salido el cabezal (13), que por medio del resorte (15) y de la tapa (14) empujan la leva de anclaje (11) y la mantienen mientras la puerta está abierta en la posición de la figura 11. The stop (38) that has a flange that is the one that acts as a stop against the contact plate (31) at the moment in which both plates have approached, said flange rests on the lower part of the window (39). In this position, the head (13) has emerged, which by means of the spring (15) and the cover (14) push the anchoring cam (11) and keep it while the door is open in the position of figure 11.
Hacemos notar las ventajas de este cerradero en U con la cerradura: We note the advantages of this U strike with the lock:
- Cuando la puerta está cerrada dispone de la seguridad del picaporte (7) que no puede levantarse porque el anclaje (11) lo impide. - When the door is closed it has the safety of the latch (7) that cannot be raised because the anchor (11) prevents it.
- El tope (38) cuando la puerta está cerrada impide la apertura de la puerta, ya que la placa de contacto no puede girar al impedírselo dicho tope. - The stop (38) when the door is closed prevents the door from opening, since the contact plate cannot rotate as said stop prevents it.
- En el caso de querer forzar la puerta por empuje sobre ella, todo el esfuerzo se concentra contra dicho tope (38), y esto protege a la cerradura que no sufre ningún esfuerzo ni sobre el cerrojo giratorio (300) ni sobre el picaporte (7). Esto es realmente importante ya que en las cerraduras actuales de mercado este esfuerzo lo soporta la cerradura por medio de los cerrojos y el picaporte, por lo que supone una ventaja considerable. - In the case of wanting to force the door by pushing on it, all the effort is concentrated against said stop (38), and this protects the lock, which does not suffer any effort either on the rotating bolt (300) or on the latch ( 7). This is really important since in current market locks this effort is supported by the lock by means of the bolts and the handle, which is a considerable advantage.
- El cerrojo giratorio (300) bloquea tanto el tope (38) como el picaporte (7) y su forzado es muy difícil ya que requiere doblar la pestaña frontal (33) para poder acceder y además el tope (38) está detrás de la placa de contacto (31), por lo que su forzado no es sencillo. - The rotating bolt (300) blocks both the stop (38) and the latch (7) and its forcing is very difficult since it requires bending the front flange (33) to gain access and also the stop (38) is behind the contact plate (31), so that its forcing is not easy.
- Dispone del tope cerrojo giratorio (301) que bloquea el cerrojo giratorio (300) impidiendo su forzado. - It has a rotary bolt stop (301) that blocks the rotary bolt (300) preventing its forcing.
- El cierre es automático, se produce sin tener que pasar la llave. - The closing is automatic, it occurs without having to pass the key.
- La apertura se realiza sin grandes esfuerzos sobre la llave, ya que todas las piezas que intervienen son giratorias respecto a un eje, por lo que sus movimientos no requieren de esfuerzos. Por ejemplo, el muelle del tope cerrojo giratorio (306) es muy débil, sólo debe obligar al tope cerrojo giratorio (301) a girar hasta apoyar contra la zona tope cerrojo (300a) del cerrojo giratorio (300). Realmente bajaría por gravedad, pero debemos asegurar su giro con un pequeño muelle. Lo mismo ocurre con el resorte (16) de la leva de desanclaje - The opening is carried out without great efforts on the key, since all the parts that intervene are rotatable with respect to an axis, so their movements do not require efforts. For example, the spring of the twistlock stopper (306) is very weak, it should only force the twistlock stopper (301) to rotate until it rests against the bolt stopper area (300a) of the twistlock (300). It would really go down by gravity, but we must ensure its rotation with a small spring. The same happens with the spring (16) of the unlocking cam
(10). (10).
Así mismo los esfuerzos de la llave en el giro son escalonados, primero se fuerza el muelle anclaje (17), que tampoco necesita un gran esfuerzo para desplazar el tope giratorio (300) y el anclaje (11), y cuando ha finalizado el giro del anclaje (11) comienza a levantarse el picaporte (7) que sí requiere un resorte algo más fuerte, pero en ese momento la leva de desanclaje (10)
sostiene la mayor parte del esfuerzo del resorte anclaje (17). Por lo que el esfuerzo a realizar sobre la llave es poco más que el que se requiere para elevar el picaporte (7). Esta es una de las grandes ventajas sobre las cerraduras actuales, que en el caso de ser multipunto suelen requerir dar de 2 a 5 vueltas de la llave para cerrar los diversos cerrojos de la puerta. Likewise, the efforts of the key in the turn are staggered, first the anchor spring (17) is forced, which does not need a great effort to move the rotating stop (300) and the anchor (11), and when the turn has finished from the anchor (11) the latch (7) begins to rise, which does require a somewhat stronger spring, but at that moment the unlocking cam (10) supports most of the force of the anchor spring (17). Therefore, the effort to be made on the key is little more than that required to raise the latch (7). This is one of the great advantages over current locks, which in the case of being multipoint usually require 2 to 5 turns of the key to close the various locks on the door.
Por otra parte, al ser todos los movimientos interiores de la cerradura giros entre piezas, es una cerradura silenciosa. On the other hand, since all the interior movements of the lock rotate between pieces, it is a silent lock.
Esta facilidad de apertura ayuda a que un simple motor o electroimán puedan realizar la apertura, al no requerir grandes esfuerzos. This ease of opening helps a simple motor or electromagnet to open, as it does not require great efforts.
El muelle de cerradero (36) cuando la puerta se cierra hace de amortiguación del golpe y cuando se abre la puerta facilita la apertura ya que tiende a acercar las dos placas del cerradero, facilitando la apertura.
The striker spring (36) when the door is closed acts as a damping of the blow and when the door is opened it facilitates the opening since it tends to bring the two strike plates closer together, facilitating the opening.
Claims
1.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, que comprende un cerradero (2a, 2b) y al menos una cerradura (1a), donde el cerradero (2a, 2b) comprende una placa de cierre (20,35) unida con un marco de una puerta, caracterizado por que la cerradura (1a) comprende: 1.- Automatic opening and closing device for doors, comprising a strike (2a, 2b) and at least one lock (1a), where the strike (2a, 2b) comprises a closing plate (20,35) attached with a door frame, characterized in that the lock (1a) comprises:
- una caja (1), - a box (1),
- una pieza de anclaje (11) fijada a la caja (1) de manera giratoria respecto de un eje de anclaje (5) que comprende un alojamiento (18), una porción pivote (20) alargada, y una guía (21) localizada en la porción distal al eje de anclaje (5), dicha guía (21) presentando un tope (19), - an anchoring piece (11) fixed to the box (1) in a rotatable manner with respect to an anchoring axis (5) comprising a housing (18), an elongated pivot portion (20), and a localized guide (21) in the distal portion of the anchoring shaft (5), said guide (21) presenting a stop (19),
- un picaporte (7) conectado a la caja (1) de manera giratoria respecto de un eje de picaporte (4), que comprende una porción sobresaliente a la caja (1) y una porción alojada (72) en la caja (1), donde la porción alojada (72) se aloja en el alojamiento (18) de la pieza de anclaje (11) que sirve como punto de apoyo de dicho picaporte (7), y la porción sobresaliente (71) interactúa con el cerradero (2a, 2b) para abrir o cerrar la puerta, - a latch (7) connected to the box (1) in a rotatable manner with respect to a latch axis (4), comprising a portion projecting to the box (1) and a portion housed (72) in the box (1) , where the housed portion (72) is housed in the housing (18) of the anchoring piece (11) that serves as a support point for said latch (7), and the projecting portion (71) interacts with the strike (2a , 2b) to open or close the door,
- un resorte (17) fijado a la caja (1) y unido a la pieza de anclaje (11) para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la pieza de anclaje (11), - a spring (17) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the anchor piece (11) to exert a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the anchor piece (11),
- un resorte (8) que ejerce una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro del picaporte cuando está en posición de cierre, y - a spring (8) that exerts a restoring force that opposes the rotation of the latch when it is in the closed position, and
- un vástago (22) que comprende un cabezal (13) sobresaliente a la caja (1), una base (12) adyacente al cabezal, dicha base (12) comprende un resorte (15) y esta fijada a la caja (1), el vástago comprende, además, una tapa (14), donde la tapa (14) esta en contacto directo con el tope (19) de la pieza de desanclaje (11) en posición de cierre, donde el contacto con el tope (19) y la tapa (14) resisten la fuerza recuperadora del resorte (17), - a stem (22) comprising a head (13) projecting from the box (1), a base (12) adjacent to the head, said base (12) comprising a spring (15) and is fixed to the box (1) , the stem also comprises a cover (14), where the cover (14) is in direct contact with the stop (19) of the unlocking piece (11) in the closed position, where contact with the stop (19 ) and the cover (14) resist the restoring force of the spring (17),
2.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque comprende una leva de desanclaje (10) conectada a la caja (1) de manera giratoria respecto de un eje (9) destinada a girar por el accionamiento de un elemento actuador para empujar el pivote (20) y posteriormente la zona alojada del picaporte (7), abriendo la puerta.
2. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an unlocking cam (10) connected to the box (1) in a rotatable manner with respect to an axis (9) intended to rotate along the actuation of an actuator element to push the pivot (20) and subsequently the area housed in the latch (7), opening the door.
3.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque comprende un resorte (16) fijado a la caja (1) y unido a la leva de desanclaje (10) para ejercer una fuerza recuperadora que se opone al giro de la leva (10) destinado a devolver a la leva de desanclaje (10) a una posición Inicial. 3. Automatic opening and closing device for doors according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a spring (16) fixed to the box (1) and attached to the unlocking cam (10) to exert a restoring force that opposes to the rotation of the cam (10) intended to return the unlocking cam (10) to an Initial position.
4.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado por que comprende un bombín con una leva como elemento actuador para actuar sobre la leva de desanclaje (10), mediante el giro de una llave mecánica. 4. Automatic opening and closing device for doors according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder with a cam as an actuating element to act on the unlocking cam (10), by turning a mechanical key.
5.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado por que comprende una bobina de apertura (21) como elemento actuador de la leva de desanclaje (10), dicha bobina (21) presenta un eje accionado mediante excitación eléctrica. 5. Automatic opening and closing device for doors according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises an opening coil (21) as an actuating element of the unlocking cam (10), said coil (21) has a shaft actuated by means of electrical excitation.
6.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la placa de cierre (20) comprende un tope (26) destinado a entrar en contacto con la porción sobresaliente del picaporte (71). 6. Automatic opening and closing device for doors according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing plate (20) comprises a stop (26) intended to come into contact with the projecting portion of the latch (71).
7.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas según la reivindicación 6, caracterizada por que la placa de cierre (20) comprende una pestaña (27) destinada a entrar en contacto con el cabezal (13) del vástago (15). 7. Automatic opening and closing device for doors according to claim 6, characterized in that the closing plate (20) comprises a flange (27) intended to come into contact with the head (13) of the stem (15).
8.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por que el cerradero (2b) comprende una placa de contacto (31) y una varilla (34) permitiendo un movimiento de tipo bisagra entre la placa de contacto (31) y la placa de cierre (35). 8. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 1, characterized in that the strike (2b) comprises a contact plate (31) and a rod (34) allowing a hinge-type movement between the plate of contact (31) and closing plate (35).
9. Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 8, caracterizado por que la placa de contacto (31) comprende dos aletas (32,33) destinadas a prolongarse frontal y posteriormente a la puerta. 9. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 8, characterized in that the contact plate (31) comprises two wings (32,33) intended to extend front and back to the door.
10.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 8, caracterizado por que el cerradero (2b) comprende un muelle (36)
de cerradero destinado a ejercer una fuerza de unión entre la placa de contacto (31) y la placa de cierre (35). 10. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 8, characterized in that the strike (2b) comprises a spring (36) Strike designed to exert a joining force between the contact plate (31) and the closing plate (35).
11-. Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 8, caracterizado por que el cerradero (2b) comprende un tope (38) de cerradero conectado de manera giratoria a la placa de cierre (35) destinado a ser empujado por el picaporte (7) en apertura. eleven-. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 8, characterized in that the strike (2b) comprises a strike stop (38) rotatably connected to the closure plate (35) intended to be pushed by the latch (7) in opening.
12.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado por que la placa de contacto (31) comprende una abertura (39) destinada introducir la sección transversal del tope (38) de cerradero. 12. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 9, characterized in that the contact plate (31) comprises an opening (39) intended to introduce the cross section of the strike stop (38).
13.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por que comprende una segunda leva de desanclaje (10) unida a un engranaje (201) configurado para mover una transmisión cremallera (200) para abrir simultáneamente múltiples cajas de cerradura (1b) adyacentes vertical mente. 13. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a second unlocking cam (10) joined to a gear (201) configured to move a rack transmission (200) to simultaneously open multiple lock boxes (1b) vertically adjacent.
14.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque comprende una pieza de bloqueo (202) y una ranura (206). 14. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a locking piece (202) and a slot (206).
15.- Dispositivo de apertura y de cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 13, caracterizado por que comprende un elemento actuador electrónico (205) configurado para desbloquear la transmisión. 15. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises an electronic actuator element (205) configured to unlock the transmission.
16.- Dispositivo de apertura y cierre automático para puertas, según la reivindicación 8, caracterizado por que comprende un tope desplazable (42) y un muelle (42) destinado a impedir la apertura de la cerradura (1a) desde el exterior.
16. Automatic opening and closing device for doors, according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a movable stop (42) and a spring (42) intended to prevent the opening of the lock (1a) from the outside.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20721278.8A EP3936687A1 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-09 | Automatic opening and closing device for doors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201930212A ES2782050B2 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | AUTOMATIC CLOSING AND OPENING DEVICE FOR DOORS |
ESP201930212 | 2019-03-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020183046A1 true WO2020183046A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
WO2020183046A4 WO2020183046A4 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
Family
ID=70456800
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2020/070167 WO2020183046A1 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-09 | Automatic opening and closing device for doors |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3936687A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2782050B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020183046A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI821011B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-11-01 | 一德金屬工業股份有限公司 | Lock box with interlockable anti-theft latch |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1399058A (en) | 1973-04-07 | 1975-06-25 | Overton Ltd Wilfred | Latches |
EP0280845A2 (en) | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-07 | Fritz Fuss GmbH & Co. | Lock |
EP0312654A1 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-26 | D.R.I.M. Limited | Safety lock |
KR20020074933A (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-10-04 | 이병노 | Sliding Door Locks |
WO2007096921A1 (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-30 | Giovanni Cefis | An anti-tampering self-blocking device for spring latch or hook locks |
DE102014104139A1 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | Assa Abloy Nederland B.V. | Lock for door or window |
WO2017149544A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | Dan Raz Ltd. | Latch arrangement having a handle |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB156690A (en) * | 1921-01-07 | 1922-02-09 | Friedrich Lutzmann | Improvements in and relating to mortice locks |
US3214947A (en) * | 1963-05-06 | 1965-11-02 | Republic Industries | Panic exit lock |
US5609371A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-03-11 | Von Duprin, Inc. | Push pad trigger release exit device with infinite deadlocking |
DE29916887U1 (en) * | 1999-09-25 | 2001-02-08 | Karl Fliether Gmbh & Co, 42551 Velbert | Lock |
US9958167B2 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2018-05-01 | Hti Technology And Industries, Inc. | Electromechanical assembly for appliance door latching |
-
2019
- 2019-03-08 ES ES201930212A patent/ES2782050B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-09 EP EP20721278.8A patent/EP3936687A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-03-09 WO PCT/ES2020/070167 patent/WO2020183046A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1399058A (en) | 1973-04-07 | 1975-06-25 | Overton Ltd Wilfred | Latches |
EP0280845A2 (en) | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-07 | Fritz Fuss GmbH & Co. | Lock |
EP0312654A1 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-26 | D.R.I.M. Limited | Safety lock |
KR20020074933A (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-10-04 | 이병노 | Sliding Door Locks |
WO2007096921A1 (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-30 | Giovanni Cefis | An anti-tampering self-blocking device for spring latch or hook locks |
DE102014104139A1 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | Assa Abloy Nederland B.V. | Lock for door or window |
WO2017149544A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | Dan Raz Ltd. | Latch arrangement having a handle |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI821011B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-11-01 | 一德金屬工業股份有限公司 | Lock box with interlockable anti-theft latch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2782050A1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
EP3936687A1 (en) | 2022-01-12 |
WO2020183046A4 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
ES2782050B2 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
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