WO2020151769A1 - Apparatus for layered reinforcement of ultra-soft soil subgrade, and construction method - Google Patents
Apparatus for layered reinforcement of ultra-soft soil subgrade, and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020151769A1 WO2020151769A1 PCT/CN2020/074457 CN2020074457W WO2020151769A1 WO 2020151769 A1 WO2020151769 A1 WO 2020151769A1 CN 2020074457 W CN2020074457 W CN 2020074457W WO 2020151769 A1 WO2020151769 A1 WO 2020151769A1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the lower pipe rack of the present invention.
- the drain pipe 5 is wound on the rotating shaft 12, and one end extends out to connect with the tractor 13. Under the premise of not interfering with each other, multiple drain pipes 5 can be sent into and out of the pipe hole 3 through the lower pipe sleeve 11 into the super soft soil at the same time.
- the ball 4 in the outlet pipe hole 3 is a flexible body. Before the drain pipe 5 is inserted into the outlet pipe hole 3, it is in a scattered state, which is used to seal the outlet pipe hole 3 to prevent the main pipe 1 from entering the soil. Inside the main pipe 1, the ball 4 compresses around the outlet hole 3 during the insertion of the main pipe 1.
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for layered reinforcement of ultra-soft soil subgrade, and a construction method. The core of the present invention is a multilayer drainage body; the multilayer drainage body comprises: drain lines; a main line, the body of said main line being provided with a plurality of line-outlet holes; and a down-line frame used for feeding the drain lines into a soil mass layer by layer; the portion of each drain line that horizontally extends into the soil mass is provided with small holes, and the surface of said portion of each drain line is wrapped in filtering cloth. According to the invention, vacuum preloading reinforcement is carried out on ultra-soft soil by means of a multilayer drainage body. This solves the difficulty presented by conventional vacuum preloading only being able to form a single hard shell layer during the reinforcement of ultra-soft soil. Further, the apparatus has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is high in efficiency and low in cost.
Description
本发明属于岩土工程领域，具体涉及一种分层加固超软土地基的装置及施工方法。The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and specifically relates to a device and a construction method for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundations.
土地作为一种宝贵的有限资源，为城乡环境的调节、净化、循环和缓冲等提供生态服务功能，人类必须充分、合理的开发和利用每一寸土地。在开发利用土地的过程中不可避免的会遇到超软土地基地质条件，超软土多分布于沿海、河流中下游或湖泊附近地区，具有天然含水量高、孔隙比大、压缩性高、渗透性小等特点。近年来，吹填工程和疏浚工程日渐增多，相比天然沉积的软黏土，含水量更高、强度更低，表现出更强的欠固结特性和可压缩特性。在开发和利用超软土地基的过程中面临不少困难和挑战。As a precious limited resource, land provides ecological service functions for the adjustment, purification, circulation and buffering of the urban and rural environment. Humans must fully and rationally develop and use every inch of land. In the process of land development and utilization, it is inevitable to encounter geological conditions of super soft soil foundation. Super soft soil is mostly distributed in coastal areas, middle and lower reaches of rivers or near lakes. It has high natural water content, large void ratio, high compressibility, Features such as low permeability. In recent years, the number of dredging and dredging projects has increased. Compared with naturally deposited soft clay, it has higher water content, lower strength, and stronger under-consolidation and compressibility characteristics. There are many difficulties and challenges in the development and utilization of super soft soil foundation.
超软土的抗剪强度极低，作为建筑地基、堆场地基不能满足承载力要求，甚至作为普通的耕作用地也不能满足要求，需要进行加固处理。若要使超软土固结强度增加，最根本的问题是将土体中含有的大量水分排出。纵观国内外，真空预压法是大面积超软土地基常用的处理方法之一，该方法需要配合竖向排水体才能达到基本的排水固结要求，目前应用最多的排水体为塑料排水板，存在排水方向单一、排水路径长等问题。真空预压法的排水固结速率受限于超软土的渗透系数，加固时间较长，而且超软土较高的细颗粒含量极易造成排水体的淤堵，使得真空度沿土体深度方向存在衰减现象，对地基承载力提高有限，往往仅能形成一层厚度约为1m的硬壳层，硬壳层以下的土体得不到有效加固。The shear strength of super soft soil is extremely low, and it cannot meet the requirements of bearing capacity as a building foundation and stacking ground foundation, and even as an ordinary arable land, it cannot meet the requirements and needs to be reinforced. To increase the consolidation strength of super soft soil, the most fundamental problem is to drain the large amount of water contained in the soil. Looking at home and abroad, the vacuum preloading method is one of the commonly used treatment methods for large-area super soft soil foundations. This method needs to be combined with a vertical drainage body to meet the basic drainage consolidation requirements. The most commonly used drainage body is plastic drainage board. , There are problems such as single drainage direction and long drainage path. The drainage consolidation rate of the vacuum preloading method is limited by the permeability coefficient of the super soft soil, the reinforcement time is longer, and the high fine particle content of the super soft soil can easily cause the siltation of the drainage body, making the vacuum degree along the depth of the soil body There is attenuation in the direction, and the improvement of the bearing capacity of the foundation is limited. Often only a hard shell layer with a thickness of about 1 m can be formed, and the soil below the hard shell layer cannot be effectively reinforced.
现有“立体排水体”、“伞式排水体”，包括竖向及侧向排水通道，具有立体、多向等特点，与塑料排水板相比，可缩短土的排水路径，提高土真空预压加固的均匀性。然而，此类排水体存在以下问题：由于侧向排水通道与竖向排水通道一同打入土体，存在不易打设，以及难以控制侧向排水通道打设位置等问题，适用于浅层土体。亟需提供一种分层加固超软土地基的装置及施工方法，以解决现有技术存在的上述问题。The existing "three-dimensional drainage body" and "umbrella drainage body", including vertical and lateral drainage channels, have three-dimensional and multi-directional characteristics. Compared with plastic drainage boards, they can shorten the soil drainage path and improve soil vacuum pre-treatment. Uniformity of pressure reinforcement. However, this type of drainage body has the following problems: because the lateral drainage channel and the vertical drainage channel are driven into the soil together, there are problems that it is difficult to build, and it is difficult to control the location of the lateral drainage channel. It is suitable for shallow soil . There is an urgent need to provide a device and construction method for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundations to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，包括：A device for layered reinforcement of super soft ground, including:
主管，沿管身长度方向设置有至少两组出管孔，主管的顶端设置有至少一个导向凹槽，所述出管孔处设置有滚珠组件，出管孔外侧设置有水平托槽；The main pipe is provided with at least two sets of outlet holes along the length of the pipe body, the top of the main pipe is provided with at least one guiding groove, the outlet hole is provided with a ball assembly, and the outlet hole is provided with a horizontal bracket;
下管架，包括开有下管孔和移动孔的下管盘，设置在下管盘一侧的并与下管孔连通的下管套，设置在下管盘周向的、与所述导向凹槽适配的凸槽；The lower pipe rack includes a lower pipe plate with a lower pipe hole and a moving hole, a lower pipe sleeve arranged on one side of the lower pipe plate and communicating with the lower pipe hole, and a lower pipe sleeve arranged in the circumferential direction of the lower pipe plate and connected with the guide groove Adapted convex groove;
排水管，一端通过下管架延伸至主管的预定位置并穿过水平托槽延伸至土体中，另一端与真空泵连接，排水管伸入土体内的管身布满透水孔且表面包裹有滤布。Drainage pipe, one end extends through the lower pipe rack to the predetermined position of the main pipe and extends through the horizontal bracket into the soil. The other end is connected to the vacuum pump. The drainage pipe extends into the soil and the pipe body is covered with permeable holes and the surface is covered with filters. cloth.
根据本发明的一个方面：所述出管孔沿主管纵轴方向并排布置或错落布置；出管孔沿主管某一横截面的管身均匀布置4~8个。所述滚珠组件包括固定在主管上并设置有定位孔的滚珠保持架，活动嵌接在滚珠保持架上的滚珠；定位孔的直径小于滚珠的直径；当主管竖直放置时，至少部分滚珠朝出管孔轴线方向运动，使出管孔的间隙小于预定值。所述移动孔沿下管盘的径向延伸，下管孔与所述下管套可沿下管盘直径方向的移动孔调整位置，所述下管盘上设置有提放环。当主管或下管套为两个及以上时，通过螺接或卡接的方式进行连接；所述下管套的最下端呈90°弯折。所述下管套的内径比排水管的内径大，所述排水管沿下管套穿出并进入主管的出管孔。所述排水管的一端固定连接有多通阀；所述排水管的中间设有牵引机；所述排水管的端部设有转轴；所述排水管卷绕于所述转轴上，一端延伸出来与所述牵引机连接。所述多通阀一端设有抽水管，所述抽水管的另一端设有真空泵。According to one aspect of the present invention, the outlet holes are arranged side by side or staggered along the longitudinal axis of the main pipe; 4 to 8 outlet holes are evenly arranged along the tube body of a certain cross section of the main pipe. The ball assembly includes a ball cage fixed on the main pipe and provided with a positioning hole, and balls that are movably embedded on the ball cage; the diameter of the positioning hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball; when the main pipe is placed vertically, at least part of the balls face The outlet pipe hole moves in the axial direction so that the gap of the outlet pipe hole is smaller than a predetermined value. The moving hole extends along the radial direction of the lower tube disk, the lower tube hole and the lower tube sleeve can adjust positions along the moving hole in the diameter direction of the lower tube disk, and a lifting ring is provided on the lower tube disk. When there are two or more main pipes or lower pipe sleeves, they are connected by screwing or clamping; the lowermost end of the lower pipe sleeve is bent at 90°. The inner diameter of the lower pipe sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the drain pipe, and the drain pipe passes through the lower pipe sleeve and enters the outlet hole of the main pipe. One end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected with a multi-way valve; the middle of the drainage pipe is provided with a tractor; the end of the drainage pipe is provided with a rotating shaft; the drainage pipe is wound on the rotating shaft and one end extends Connected with the tractor. One end of the multi-way valve is provided with a pumping pipe, and the other end of the pumping pipe is provided with a vacuum pump.
一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，包括；A device for layered reinforcement of super soft ground, including;
多层排水体，所述多层排水体包括排水管、管身布置有若干个出管孔的主管，以及用于将所述排水管分层送入土体的下管架，所述排水管水平伸入土体内的管身布满小孔且表面包裹有滤布。Multi-layer drainage body, the multi-layer drainage body includes a drainage pipe, a main pipe with a plurality of outlet holes arranged on the pipe body, and a lower pipe rack for sending the drainage pipe into the soil layer by layer, the drainage pipe The tube body extending horizontally into the soil is full of small holes and the surface is wrapped with filter cloth.
所述主管上的出管孔沿纵轴方向并排布置或错落布置，间距为1~2m，所述出管孔沿所述主管某一横截面的管身可均匀布置4~8个，所述出管孔在所述主管的外侧设有2~5cm长的水平托槽，所述出管孔内部设有可以根据排水管径调整的滚珠。所述主管的顶端设有若干个凹槽，以及用于连接下管架上的凸槽，能够方便管口对接。所述下管架的下管盘上布置有若干个下管孔和一个提放环，所述下管孔下端均连接有下管套，所述下管孔与所述下管套可沿下管盘直径方向的移动孔调整位置，所述下管套的长度可以通过螺接调节，其最下端呈90°弯折。所述主管的长度方向设有螺纹，能够方便主管安装固定。所述下管套的内径比排水管的内径大，所述排水管沿下管套穿出并进入主管的出管孔，能够确保排水管穿入主管的出管孔。所述排水管的一端固定连接有多通阀，所述排水管的中部设有牵引机，所述排水管的端部设有转轴，所述排水管卷绕于所述转轴上，一端延伸出来与所述牵引机连接。能够调节排水，结构简单，运行可靠。所述多通阀一端设有抽水管，所述抽水管的另一端设有真空泵，能够对抽水量进行自动调整，同时可以自动定时停机、启动和定时定量的真空抽滤，提高工作效率，同时更加智能。The outlet holes on the main pipe are arranged side by side or staggered along the longitudinal axis, with an interval of 1 to 2 m. The outlet holes can be evenly arranged along the tube body of a certain cross section of the main pipe. The outlet pipe hole is provided with a horizontal bracket with a length of 2 to 5 cm on the outside of the main pipe, and a ball adjustable according to the diameter of the drainage pipe is arranged inside the outlet pipe hole. The top of the main pipe is provided with a plurality of grooves and convex grooves for connecting the lower pipe frame, which can facilitate the docking of the nozzles. A number of lower tube holes and a lifting ring are arranged on the lower tube plate of the lower tube rack, and the lower ends of the lower tube holes are all connected with a lower tube sleeve. The position of the moving hole in the diameter direction of the tube plate is adjusted, the length of the lower tube sleeve can be adjusted by screw connection, and the lowermost end of the lower tube sleeve is bent at 90°. The length of the main pipe is provided with threads, which can facilitate the installation and fixation of the main pipe. The inner diameter of the lower pipe sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the drain pipe, and the drain pipe passes through the lower pipe sleeve and enters the outlet hole of the main pipe, which can ensure that the drain pipe penetrates into the outlet hole of the main pipe. One end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected with a multi-way valve, the middle of the drainage pipe is provided with a tractor, the end of the drainage pipe is provided with a rotating shaft, the drainage pipe is wound on the rotating shaft, and one end extends out Connected with the tractor. The drainage can be adjusted, the structure is simple, and the operation is reliable. One end of the multi-way valve is provided with a pumping pipe, and the other end of the pumping pipe is provided with a vacuum pump, which can automatically adjust the pumping volume. At the same time, it can automatically stop, start, and perform regular and quantitative vacuum filtration to improve work efficiency. Smarter.
在进一步实例中，一种分层加固超软土地基的装置工作方法，包括如下步骤：In a further example, a device working method for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation includes the following steps:
S1、向超软土地基人工打入塑料排水板1m深，按常规真空预压的方法加固，形成硬壳层；S1. Artificially drive a plastic drainage board to a depth of 1m into the super soft soil foundation and reinforce it according to the conventional vacuum preloading method to form a hard shell layer;
S2、将主管的底部用帽盖封住，采用机械和人工的方式将若干个主管按1~1.5m的间距打入超软土；S2. Seal the bottom of the main pipe with a cap, and use mechanical and manual methods to drive several main pipes into the super soft soil at a distance of 1 to 1.5 m;
S3、组装下管架，根据排水管的***深度，通过螺接调整下管套的长度与排水管***深度相同，安装于下管架的下管孔处；将下管架放入主管内，使其凸槽与主管的凹槽对接，通过移动孔调整下管孔和下管套的位置，使下管套的末端与主管的出管口对接；S3. Assemble the lower pipe rack, according to the insertion depth of the drain pipe, adjust the length of the lower pipe sleeve to be the same as the insertion depth of the drain pipe by screwing, and install it at the lower pipe hole of the lower pipe rack; put the lower pipe rack into the main pipe, Make the convex groove butt with the groove of the main pipe, adjust the position of the lower pipe hole and the lower pipe sleeve through the moving hole, so that the end of the lower pipe sleeve is connected with the outlet of the main pipe;
S4、采用牵引机依次将各排水管送入下管孔，进入下管套，再从主管的出管口穿出，水平***超软土内；S4. Use a tractor to feed the drain pipes into the lower pipe hole in turn, enter the lower pipe sleeve, pass through the outlet of the main pipe, and insert horizontally into the super soft soil;
S5、将埋设于同一深度排水管的另一端均与多通阀连接，多通阀的另一端通过抽水管与真空泵连接，开启真空泵，对排水管所处深度上下1m左右范围内的超软土进行排水加固；S5. Connect the other end of the drainage pipe buried in the same depth to the multi-way valve. The other end of the multi-way valve is connected to the vacuum pump through the pumping pipe. The vacuum pump is turned on to treat the super soft soil within 1m above and below the depth of the drainage pipe. Carry out drainage reinforcement;
S6、待超软土地基沿深度方向的各层土均得到排水固结，回收多层排水体。S6. Each layer of soil along the depth direction of the super soft soil foundation is to be drained and consolidated, and the multilayer drainage body is recovered.
所述步骤S5进一步为：所述真空泵采用梯级抽真空的方式，分至少两级对超软土进行加固。The step S5 is further: the vacuum pump adopts a stepped vacuum method to reinforce the super soft soil in at least two stages.
本发明的核心装置为多层排水体，通过排水管、在管身周围布置有若干个出管孔的主管，以及用于将所述排水管分层送入土体的下管架，排水管可以水平伸入土体内部，为了过滤，将管身周围布满小孔且管身表面包裹有滤布，通过该装置实现超软土的分层加固，解决现有排水体排水方向单一、排水路径长等难题，提高了超软土的排水固结速率，改善了真空预压法的加固效果，此外本发明结构简单，操作方便，能够快速而高效的实现超软土的加固。The core device of the present invention is a multi-layer drainage body, through a drainage pipe, a main pipe with a number of outlet holes arranged around the pipe body, and a lower pipe rack for sending the drainage pipe into the soil layer by layer, the drainage pipe It can extend into the soil horizontally. In order to filter, the pipe body is filled with small holes and the surface of the pipe body is wrapped with filter cloth. The layered reinforcement of the super soft soil is realized by this device, and the existing drainage body has a single drainage direction and drainage The long path and other problems increase the drainage and consolidation rate of the super soft soil, and improve the reinforcement effect of the vacuum preloading method. In addition, the invention has a simple structure and convenient operation, and can quickly and efficiently realize the reinforcement of the super soft soil.
图1是本发明分层加固超软土地基的装置结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for layer-by-layer strengthening of super soft soil foundation of the present invention.
图2是本发明的主管结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.
图3是本发明下管架的平面示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the lower pipe rack of the present invention.
图4是本发明下管架的A-A剖面图。Fig. 4 is an A-A sectional view of the lower pipe rack of the present invention.
图5是本发明下管架在某一工作状态下的示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the lower pipe rack of the present invention in a certain working state.
图中各附图标记为：主管1、凹槽2、出管孔3、滚珠4、排水管5、下管架6、凸槽7、下管孔8、提放环9、移动孔10、下管套11、转轴12、牵引机13、下管盘14、排水孔15、多通阀16、抽水管17、真空泵18。The reference signs in the figure are: main pipe 1, groove 2, pipe outlet hole 3, ball 4, drain pipe 5, down pipe rack 6, convex groove 7, down pipe hole 8, lifting ring 9, moving hole 10, The lower pipe sleeve 11, the rotating shaft 12, the tractor 13, the lower pipe plate 14, the drain hole 15, the multi-way valve 16, the suction pipe 17, and the vacuum pump 18.
在下文的描述中，给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施。在其他的例子中，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行描述。In the following description, a lot of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. The structure and operation cannot therefore be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
如图1至图5所示，一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，包括主管1、凹槽2、出管孔3、滚珠4、排水管5、下管架6、凸槽7、下管孔8、提放环9、移动孔10、下管套11、转轴12、牵引机13、下管盘14、排水孔15、多通阀16、抽水管17和真空泵18。As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, a device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation includes a main pipe 1, a groove 2, a pipe outlet hole 3, a ball 4, a drain pipe 5, a lower pipe frame 6, a convex groove 7, The lower pipe hole 8, the lifting ring 9, the moving hole 10, the lower pipe sleeve 11, the rotating shaft 12, the tractor 13, the lower pipe plate 14, the drain hole 15, the multi-way valve 16, the suction pipe 17, and the vacuum pump 18.
如图1和图5所示，该装置为多层排水体，其中出管孔3布置在所述主管1的管身处，所述主管1的管身处布置了若干个出管孔3，下管架6设置在主管1的顶部，便于将所述排水管5分层的送入土体内部，为了方便排水管5伸入土体内部，排水管5的伸入土体中的部分管身布满小孔，同时为了不将排水管5管身的小孔堵塞也为了土、泥、沙等不能从排水管5的小孔进入排水孔15，在其排水管5的管身布满小孔处表面包裹有滤布。As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the device is a multi-layer drainage body, in which the outlet hole 3 is arranged at the body of the main pipe 1, and a number of outlet holes 3 are arranged at the body of the main pipe 1. The lower pipe rack 6 is set on the top of the main pipe 1, so that the drainage pipe 5 can be fed into the soil in layers. In order to facilitate the drainage pipe 5 to extend into the soil, part of the drainage pipe 5 extends into the soil. The body is full of small holes. At the same time, in order not to block the small holes of the drainage pipe 5, and so that soil, mud, sand, etc. cannot enter the drainage hole 15 from the small holes of the drainage pipe 5, the pipe body of the drainage pipe 5 is covered with The surface of the small holes is wrapped with filter cloth.
滚珠4设置在所述出管孔3的内部，主管1的顶端具有若干个凹槽2，用于连接下管架6的凸槽7，下管套11套接在排水管5的外面，所述下管套11的内径比排水管5的内径大1~2mm，能够确保排水管5沿下管套11穿出进入主管1的出管孔3，所述下管套11的长度可以通过螺接调节，其最下端呈90
0的弯折。
The ball 4 is arranged inside the outlet hole 3, the top of the main pipe 1 has several grooves 2 for connecting the convex grooves 7 of the lower pipe frame 6, and the lower pipe sleeve 11 is sleeved on the outside of the drain pipe 5. The inner diameter of the lower pipe sleeve 11 is 1~2mm larger than the inner diameter of the drain pipe 5, which can ensure that the drain pipe 5 penetrates along the lower pipe sleeve 11 into the outlet hole 3 of the main pipe 1, and the length of the lower pipe sleeve 11 can pass through the screw Connect the adjustment, its bottom end is 90 0 bend.
为了方便能够在工作时，下管孔8随意移动，在所述下管架6的下管盘14上面设置了多个移动孔10，下管孔8设置在所述下管架6上面的下管盘14，下管盘14上布置了若干个下管孔8。In order to facilitate the movement of the lower tube holes 8 at will during work, a plurality of moving holes 10 are provided on the lower tube disk 14 of the lower tube frame 6, and the lower tube holes 8 are arranged on the bottom of the lower tube frame 6. The tube disk 14 has a number of lower tube holes 8 arranged on the lower tube disk 14.
如图3所示，提拉环设置在所述下管架6的下管盘14上，并且位于下管架6的下管盘14的中心，下管套11的一端连接着下管孔8的下端，移动孔10设置在下管架6的下管盘14的直径方向，并且所述下管孔8与所述下管套11可沿下管盘14直径方向调整位置，多通阀16设置在排水管5的一端，转轴12设在所述排水管5的端部，排水管5卷绕于转轴12上，一端延伸出来与牵引机13连接，抽水管17一端连接着多动阀，抽水管17的另一端连着真空泵18。As shown in Fig. 3, the lifting ring is arranged on the lower tube disk 14 of the lower tube frame 6, and is located in the center of the lower tube disk 14 of the lower tube frame 6, and one end of the lower tube sleeve 11 is connected to the lower tube hole 8. At the lower end of the lower end, the moving hole 10 is provided in the diameter direction of the lower tube disk 14 of the lower tube frame 6, and the lower tube hole 8 and the lower tube sleeve 11 can be adjusted in the diameter direction of the lower tube disk 14, and the multi-way valve 16 is provided At one end of the drain pipe 5, a rotating shaft 12 is provided at the end of the drain pipe 5. The drain pipe 5 is wound on the rotating shaft 12, and one end extends out to connect with the tractor 13, and one end of the pumping pipe 17 is connected with a multi-action valve for pumping A vacuum pump 18 is connected to the other end of the water pipe 17.
在进一步实施例中，当工作时，多通阀16控制每个排水管的排水量和每个排水管5的开启，实现了无极控制，使得该装置更加智能更加人性化，同时由于多通阀16结构简单，其运行可靠，方便控制。In a further embodiment, when working, the multi-way valve 16 controls the displacement of each drain pipe and the opening of each drain pipe 5, realizing stepless control, making the device more intelligent and humane, and at the same time because of the multi-way valve 16 Simple structure, reliable operation and convenient control.
在进一步实施例中，主管1为PVC材质，即使在高温炎热的夏天工作，非常耐热，主管的稳定性，不易被硫、碱腐蚀，而且该材质便于加工，降低了制造成品。管体沿长度方向设有螺纹，方便螺接，排水管5为弹力好、韧性强的PU管。In a further embodiment, the main pipe 1 is made of PVC material, even if it works in high temperature and hot summer, it is very heat-resistant, the main pipe is stable, and it is not easily corroded by sulfur and alkali, and the material is easy to process, which reduces the finished product. The pipe body is provided with threads along the length direction for convenient screw connection. The drain pipe 5 is a PU pipe with good elasticity and strong toughness.
在进一步实例中，主管1上的出管孔3沿纵轴方向并排布置或错落布置，间距为1~2m，出管孔3沿主管1某一横截面的管身可均匀布置4~8个；所述出管孔3在所述主管1的外侧有2~5cm长的水平托槽，出管孔3内安装有3个滚珠4，可根据排水管5的管径调整滚珠4的大小。In a further example, the outlet holes 3 on the main pipe 1 are arranged side by side or staggered along the longitudinal axis, with an interval of 1 to 2 m, and 4 to 8 outlet holes 3 can be evenly arranged along the tube body of a certain cross section of the main pipe 1. The outlet hole 3 has a horizontal bracket with a length of 2~5cm on the outside of the main pipe 1, and three balls 4 are installed in the outlet hole 3. The size of the balls 4 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the drain pipe 5.
在进一步的实施例中，所述主管1的内径为80~280mm，壁厚为0.3~2.3mm；所述排水管5的内径为20~100mm，壁厚为0.1~2.5mm。In a further embodiment, the inner diameter of the main pipe 1 is 80-280 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.3-2.3 mm; the inner diameter of the drain pipe 5 is 20-100 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1-2.5 mm.
本实施例为分层加固超软土地基的准备工作进行下述步骤：In this embodiment, the following steps are performed for the preparation of layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation:
向超软土地基人工打入塑料排水板1m深，按常规真空预压的方法加固，形成硬壳层，以满足人员及轻型机械进场的要求。The plastic drainage board is artificially driven into the super soft soil foundation to a depth of 1m, and reinforced according to the conventional vacuum preloading method to form a hard shell layer to meet the requirements of personnel and light machinery entering the site.
（1）将主管1的底部用帽盖封住，采用机械和人工的方式将若干个主管1按1~1.5m的间距打入超软土；(1) Seal the bottom of the main pipe 1 with a cap, and use mechanical and manual methods to drive several main pipes 1 into the super soft soil at an interval of 1 to 1.5 m;
（2）组装下管架6，根据排水管5的***深度，通过螺接调整下管套11的长度与排水管5***深度相同，安装于下管架6的下管孔8处；将下管架6放入主管1内，使其凸槽7与主管1的凹槽2对接，通过移动孔10调整下管孔8和下管套11的位置，使下管套11的末端与主管1的出管口对接；(2) Assemble the lower pipe frame 6, according to the insertion depth of the drain pipe 5, adjust the length of the lower pipe sleeve 11 to be the same as the insertion depth of the drain pipe 5 by screwing, and install it at the lower pipe hole 8 of the lower pipe frame 6; The pipe rack 6 is put into the main pipe 1 so that the convex groove 7 is butted with the groove 2 of the main pipe 1, and the positions of the lower pipe hole 8 and the lower pipe sleeve 11 are adjusted through the moving hole 10, so that the end of the lower pipe sleeve 11 and the main pipe 1 Docking of the outlet pipe;
（3）采用牵引机13依次将各排水管5送入下管孔8，进入下管套11，再从主管1的出管口穿出，水平***超软土内；(3) Use the tractor 13 to feed the drain pipes 5 into the lower pipe hole 8 in turn, enter the lower pipe sleeve 11, and then pass through the outlet of the main pipe 1 and insert them horizontally into the super soft soil;
（4）将埋设于同一深度的排水管5的另一端均与多通阀16连接，多通阀16的另一端与真空泵18连接，开启真空泵18，对排水管5所处深度上下1m左右范围内的超软土进行排水加固； (4) Connect the other end of the drain pipe 5 buried at the same depth to the multi-way valve 16, and connect the other end of the multi-way valve 16 to the vacuum pump 18. Turn on the vacuum pump 18, and adjust the depth of the drain pipe 5 up and down by about 1m. Reinforce the super soft soil inside;
（5）待超软土地基沿深度方向的各层土均得到排水固结，回收多层排水体。(5) Each layer of soil in the depth direction of the super soft soil foundation is to be drained and consolidated, and the multilayer drainage body is recovered.
排水管5卷绕于转轴12上，一端延伸出来与牵引机13连接，在相互不干扰的前提下，可同时将多跟排水管5通过下管套11送入出管孔3进入超软土内。出管孔3内的滚珠4为柔性体，在排水管5***出管孔3前，其处于散落状态，用于封住出管孔3，防止主管1打入土体过程中，周边泥土进入主管1内部，在主管1***过程中滚珠4向出管孔3周围压缩。The drain pipe 5 is wound on the rotating shaft 12, and one end extends out to connect with the tractor 13. Under the premise of not interfering with each other, multiple drain pipes 5 can be sent into and out of the pipe hole 3 through the lower pipe sleeve 11 into the super soft soil at the same time. Inside. The ball 4 in the outlet pipe hole 3 is a flexible body. Before the drain pipe 5 is inserted into the outlet pipe hole 3, it is in a scattered state, which is used to seal the outlet pipe hole 3 to prevent the main pipe 1 from entering the soil. Inside the main pipe 1, the ball 4 compresses around the outlet hole 3 during the insertion of the main pipe 1.
所述步骤S5进一步为：所述真空泵采用梯度抽真空的方式，分至少两级对超软土进行加固。例如采用五级真空方式进行处理，逐渐增加真空度，防止土壤固结，特别是位于管体周围的土壤固结，形成挡水层。The step S5 is further: the vacuum pump adopts a gradient vacuum method to reinforce the super soft soil in at least two stages. For example, a five-stage vacuum method is used for processing, and the vacuum degree is gradually increased to prevent soil consolidation, especially the soil around the pipe body to form a water-retaining layer.
通过上述实施例，本发明采用多层排水体，沿超软土深度方向布置排水管5，增加了土体的排水路径和方向，通过真空预压技术使超软土沿深度方向得到均匀加固，提高了土体的排水固结速率及强度，降低了能耗，解决了传统真空预压技术加固超软土仅能形成一层硬壳层的问题。Through the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention adopts a multi-layer drainage body, arranges the drainage pipe 5 along the depth direction of the super soft soil, increases the drainage path and direction of the soil body, and makes the super soft soil uniformly reinforced in the depth direction through the vacuum pre-compression technology. It improves the drainage consolidation rate and strength of the soil, reduces the energy consumption, and solves the problem that the traditional vacuum preloading technology can only form a hard shell layer to strengthen the super soft soil.
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种等同变换，这些等同变换均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solution of the present invention. These equivalent transformations All belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于，包括：A device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation, which is characterized in that it comprises:主管，沿管身长度方向设置有至少两组出管孔，主管的顶端设置有至少一个导向凹槽，所述出管孔处设置有滚珠组件，出管孔外侧设置有水平托槽；The main pipe is provided with at least two sets of outlet holes along the length of the pipe body, the top of the main pipe is provided with at least one guiding groove, the outlet hole is provided with a ball assembly, and the outlet hole is provided with a horizontal bracket;下管架，包括开有下管孔和移动孔的下管盘，设置在下管盘一侧的并与下管孔连通的下管套，设置在下管盘周向的、与所述导向凹槽适配的凸槽；The lower pipe rack includes a lower pipe plate with a lower pipe hole and a moving hole, a lower pipe sleeve arranged on one side of the lower pipe plate and communicating with the lower pipe hole, and a lower pipe sleeve arranged in the circumferential direction of the lower pipe plate and connected with the guide groove Adapted convex groove;排水管，一端通过下管架延伸至主管的预定位置并穿过水平托槽延伸至土体中，另一端与真空泵连接，排水管伸入土体内的管身布满透水孔且表面包裹有滤布。Drainage pipe, one end extends through the lower pipe rack to the predetermined position of the main pipe and extends through the horizontal bracket into the soil. The other end is connected to the vacuum pump. The drainage pipe extends into the soil and the pipe body is covered with permeable holes and the surface is covered with filters. cloth.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述出管孔沿主管纵轴方向并排布置或错落布置；出管孔沿主管某一横截面的管身均匀布置4~8个。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 1, wherein the outlet holes are arranged side by side or staggered along the longitudinal axis of the main pipe; the outlet holes are arranged along a certain cross-section of the main pipe. 4~8 evenly arranged on the body.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述滚珠组件包括固定在主管上并设置有定位孔的滚珠保持架，活动嵌接在滚珠保持架上的滚珠；定位孔的直径小于滚珠的直径；当主管竖直放置时，至少部分滚珠朝出管孔轴线方向运动，使出管孔的间隙小于预定值。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft ground according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ball assembly comprises a ball cage fixed on the main pipe and provided with positioning holes, and is movably embedded on the ball cage The ball; the diameter of the positioning hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball; when the main pipe is placed vertically, at least part of the ball moves in the direction of the axis of the outlet hole, so that the clearance of the outlet hole is less than a predetermined value.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述移动孔沿下管盘的径向延伸，下管孔与所述下管套可沿下管盘直径方向的移动孔调整位置，所述下管盘上设置有提放环。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 1, wherein the moving hole extends along the radial direction of the lower tube disk, and the lower tube hole and the lower tube sleeve can be along the lower tube disk. The position of the moving hole in the diameter direction is adjusted, and the lower tube disk is provided with a lifting ring.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：当主管或下管套为两个及以上时，通过螺接或卡接的方式进行连接；所述下管套的最下端呈90°弯折。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: when there are two or more main pipes or lower pipe sleeves, they are connected by screwing or clamping; The bottom end of the sleeve is bent at 90°.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述下管套的内径比排水管的内径大，所述排水管沿下管套穿出并进入主管的出管孔。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the lower pipe sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the drain pipe, and the drain pipe passes through the lower pipe sleeve and enters the main pipe.的出管孔。 The outlet hole.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述排水管的一端固定连接有多通阀；所述排水管的中间设有牵引机；所述排水管的端部设有转轴；所述排水管卷绕于所述转轴上，一端延伸出来与所述牵引机连接。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the drain pipe is fixedly connected with a multi-way valve; the middle of the drain pipe is provided with a tractor; the drain The end of the pipe is provided with a rotating shaft; the drainage pipe is wound on the rotating shaft, and one end extends out to connect with the tractor.
- 根据权利要求7所述的一种分层加固超软土地基的装置，其特征在于：所述多通阀一端设有抽水管，所述抽水管的另一端设有真空泵。The device for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 7, characterized in that: one end of the multi-way valve is provided with a pumping pipe, and the other end of the pumping pipe is provided with a vacuum pump.
- 一种采用权利要求1至8任一项所述装置的超软土地基加固方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：A method for strengthening super soft soil foundation using the device of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:S1、向超软土地基人工打入塑料排水板，按真空预压的方法加固，形成硬壳层；S1. Manually drive a plastic drainage board into the super soft soil foundation and reinforce it according to the vacuum preloading method to form a hard shell layer;S2、将主管的底部用帽盖封住，采用机械和人工的方式将若干个主管按预定间距打入超软土；S2. Seal the bottom of the main pipe with a cap, and use mechanical and manual methods to drive several main pipes into the super soft soil at predetermined intervals;S3、组装下管架，根据排水管的***深度，通过螺接调整下管套的长度与排水管***深度相同，安装于下管架的下管孔处；将下管架放入主管内，使其凸槽与主管的凹槽对接，通过移动孔调整下管孔和下管套的位置，使下管套的末端与主管的出管口对接；S3. Assemble the lower pipe rack, according to the insertion depth of the drain pipe, adjust the length of the lower pipe sleeve to be the same as the insertion depth of the drain pipe by screwing, and install it at the lower pipe hole of the lower pipe rack; put the lower pipe rack into the main pipe, Make the convex groove butt with the groove of the main pipe, adjust the position of the lower pipe hole and the lower pipe sleeve through the moving hole, so that the end of the lower pipe sleeve is connected with the outlet of the main pipe;S4、采用牵引机依次将各排水管送入下管孔，进入下管套，再从主管的出管口穿出，水平***超软土内；S4. Use a tractor to feed the drain pipes into the lower pipe hole in turn, enter the lower pipe sleeve, pass through the outlet of the main pipe, and insert horizontally into the super soft soil;S5、将埋设于同一深度排水管的另一端均与多通阀连接，多通阀的另一端通过抽水管与真空泵连接，开启真空泵，对超软土进行排水加固； S5. Connect the other end of the drainage pipe buried in the same depth to the multi-way valve, and connect the other end of the multi-way valve to the vacuum pump through the pumping pipe. Turn on the vacuum pump to drain and strengthen the super soft soil;S6、待超软土地基沿深度方向的各层土均得到排水固结，回收多层排水体。S6. Each layer of soil along the depth direction of the super soft soil foundation is to be drained and consolidated, and the multilayer drainage body is recovered.
- 根据权利要求9所述的分层加固超软土地基的装置工作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S5进一步为：所述真空泵采用梯级抽真空的方式，分至少两级对超软土进行加固。The device working method for layered reinforcement of super soft soil foundation according to claim 9, characterized in that, the step S5 is further: the vacuum pump adopts a stepped vacuum method to strengthen the super soft soil in at least two stages .
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110144874B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-04-09 | 南通大学 | Device for reinforcing ultra-soft soil foundation in layered mode and construction method |
| CN113404516B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-09-22 | 北京中铁诚业工程建设监理有限公司 | Railway tunnel bedrock surface processing method and processing device thereof |
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- 2020-02-06 LU LU101744A patent/LU101744B1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110144874B (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| LU101744A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
| LU101744B1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
| CN110144874A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
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